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Stroet MCM, de Blois E, de Jong M, Seimbille Y, Mezzanotte L, Löwik CWGM, Panth KM. Improved Multimodal Tumor Necrosis Imaging with IRDye800CW-DOTA Conjugated to an Albumin-Binding Domain. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040861. [PMID: 35205609 PMCID: PMC8870237 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Anti-tumor treatment efficacy is determined by tumor shrinkage, which takes valuable time to become apparent and poses a risk of unnecessary treatment with severe side effects. Therefore, there is an unmet need for more reliable and specific methods to monitor treatment efficacy. We explore radiolabeled cyanines for imaging tumor necrosis as a unique marker for therapy efficacy. Moreover, spontaneous tumor necrosis is a hallmark for aggressively growing tumor types with poor prognosis. We improved the binding properties of a previously reported necrosis-avid contrast agent (NACA) and successfully detected spontaneous and therapy-induced tumor necrosis in mice using radioactivity and fluorescence imaging modalities. This NACA may pave the way to in vivo detection of tumor necrosis for early-stage determination of tumor aggressiveness and therapy efficacy. Abstract Purpose: To assess our improved NACA for the detection of tumor necrosis. Methods: We increased the blood circulation time of our NACA by adding an albumin-binding domain to the molecular structure. We tested the necrosis avidity on dead or alive cultured cells and performed SPECT and fluorescence imaging of both spontaneous and treatment-induced necrosis in murine breast cancer models. We simultaneously recorded [18F]FDG-PET and bioluminescence images for complementary detection of tumor viability. Results: We generated two albumin-binding IRDye800CW derivatives which were labeled with indium-111 with high radiochemical purity. Surprisingly, both albumin-binding NACAs had >10x higher in vitro binding towards dead cells. We selected [111In]3 for in vivo experiments which showed higher dead cell binding in vitro and in vivo stability. The doxorubicin-treated tumors showed increased [111In]3-uptake (1.74 ± 0.08%ID/g after saline treatment, 2.25 ± 0.16%ID/g after doxorubicin treatment, p = 0.044) and decreased [18F]FDG-uptake (3.02 ± 0.51%ID/g after saline treatment, 1.79 ± 0.11%ID/g after doxorubicin treatment, p = 0.040), indicating therapy efficacy. Moreover, we detected increased [111In]3-uptake and tumor necrosis in more rapidly growing EMT6 tumors. Conclusions: Our albumin-binding NACA based on IRDye800CW facilitates tumor-necrosis imaging for assessment of therapy efficacy and aggressiveness in solid tumors using both fluorescence and SPECT imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus C. M. Stroet
- Erasmus MC, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (M.C.M.S.); (E.d.B.); (Y.S.); (L.M.)
- Erasmus MC, Department of Molecular Genetics, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik de Blois
- Erasmus MC, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (M.C.M.S.); (E.d.B.); (Y.S.); (L.M.)
| | - Marion de Jong
- Erasmus MC, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (M.C.M.S.); (E.d.B.); (Y.S.); (L.M.)
| | - Yann Seimbille
- Erasmus MC, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (M.C.M.S.); (E.d.B.); (Y.S.); (L.M.)
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Laura Mezzanotte
- Erasmus MC, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (M.C.M.S.); (E.d.B.); (Y.S.); (L.M.)
- Erasmus MC, Department of Molecular Genetics, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Clemens W. G. M. Löwik
- Erasmus MC, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (M.C.M.S.); (E.d.B.); (Y.S.); (L.M.)
- Erasmus MC, Department of Molecular Genetics, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- CHUV Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (C.W.G.M.L.); (K.M.P.)
| | - Kranthi M. Panth
- Erasmus MC, Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (M.C.M.S.); (E.d.B.); (Y.S.); (L.M.)
- Erasmus MC, Department of Molecular Genetics, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (C.W.G.M.L.); (K.M.P.)
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Burkard-Mandel L, O'Neill R, Colligan S, Seshadri M, Abrams SI. Tumor-derived thymic stromal lymphopoietin enhances lung metastasis through an alveolar macrophage-dependent mechanism. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1419115. [PMID: 29721367 PMCID: PMC5927533 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1419115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well-recognized that macrophages, which arise from circulating precursors, enhance tumor progression in patients and animal models. However, less is known regarding the role of tissue-resident macrophages in metastasis. Moreover, the identification of tumor factors which influence macrophage function in the metastatic niche remains incomplete. Here, we investigated one such cytokine known as thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP). Our rationale to focus on TSLP was based on two non-overlapping findings; first, TSLP exacerbates asthma in part by altering the lung macrophage response and, secondly, TSLP is produced by certain mouse and human tumor systems, although its role in neoplasia remains understudied. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that tumor-derived TSLP augments lung metastasis by rendering alveolar macrophages pro-tumorigenic. To test this hypothesis, we principally employed the 4T1 tumor model, which produces high levels of TSLP and metastasizes to the lung. TSLP loss-of-function significantly reduced spontaneous lung metastasis, as well as lung colonization. Moreover, similar outcomes were observed in both wild-type and immune-deficient hosts, suggesting that TSLP acted on innate immune cells such as macrophages. To test this notion, pharmacologic depletion of alveolar macrophages significantly reduced lung tumor growth of the TSLP-expressing, but not TSLP-deficient tumor population. In contrast, depleting macrophages originating from the circulation did not impact lung tumor growth. Lastly, TSLP increased the invasive and angiogenic gene expression profile of the alveolar macrophage population. Altogether, our study identified a novel TSLP-alveolar macrophage axis in lung metastasis, which offers new insights into mechanisms of metastasis and potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Burkard-Mandel
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Rachel O'Neill
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Sean Colligan
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Mukund Seshadri
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Scott I Abrams
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Zhao W, Uehera S, Tanaka K, Tadokoro S, Kusamori K, Katsumi H, Sakane T, Yamamoto A. Effects of Polyoxyethylene Alkyl Ethers on the Intestinal Transport and Absorption of Rhodamine 123: A P-glycoprotein Substrate by In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:1526-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2016.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Patel KJ, Lee C, Tan Q, Tannock IF. Use of the proton pump inhibitor pantoprazole to modify the distribution and activity of doxorubicin: a potential strategy to improve the therapy of solid tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19:6766-76. [PMID: 24141627 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Limited drug distribution within solid tumors is an important cause of drug resistance. Basic drugs (e.g., doxorubicin) may be sequestered in acidic organelles, thereby limiting drug distribution to distal cells and diverting drugs from their target DNA. Here we investigate the effects of pantoprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, on doxorubicin uptake, and doxorubicin distribution and activity using in vitro and murine models. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Murine EMT-6 and human MCF-7 cells were treated with pantoprazole to evaluate changes in endosomal pH using fluorescence spectroscopy, and uptake of doxorubicin using flow cytometry. Effects of pantoprazole on tissue penetration of doxorubicin were evaluated in multilayered cell cultures (MCC), and in solid tumors using immunohistochemistry. Effects of pantoprazole to influence tumor growth delay and toxicity because of doxorubicin were evaluated in mice. RESULTS Pantoprazole (>200 μmol/L) increased endosomal pH in cells, and also increased nuclear uptake of doxorubicin. Pretreatment with pantoprazole increased tissue penetration of doxorubicin in MCCs. Pantoprazole improved doxorubicin distribution from blood vessels in solid tumors. Pantoprazole given before doxorubicin led to increased growth delay when given as single or multiple doses to mice bearing MCF7 xenografts. CONCLUSIONS Use of pantoprazole to enhance the distribution and cytotoxicity of anticancer drugs in solid tumors might be a novel treatment strategy to improve their therapeutic index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krupa J Patel
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Medical Biophysics and Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Arylamides hybrids of two high-affinity σ2 receptor ligands as tools for the development of PET radiotracers. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:4733-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Revised: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 05/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Futscher BW, Foley NE, Gleason-Guzman MC, Meltzer PS, Sullivan DM, Dalton WS. Verapamil suppresses the emergence of P-glycoprotein-mediated multi-drug resistance. Int J Cancer 1996; 66:520-5. [PMID: 8635868 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19960516)66:4<520::aid-ijc16>3.0.co;2-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Selection protocols were designed to determine whether non-cytotoxic chemomodifiers can influence the evolution of the drug-resistant phenotype. To this end, the human multiple myeloma cell line RPMI 8226 (8226/S) was selected with either doxorubicin, verapamil or doxorubicin plus verapamil. Using this approach low-level multi-drug-resistant (MDR) cell lines were obtained when 8226/S was selected with doxorubicin only or doxorubicin plus verapamil but not with verapamil only. The MDR phenotypes obtained were mechanistically distinct. In doxorubicin only-selected cells (8226/dox4), drug resistance was mediated by over-expression of the MDR1 gene and its cognate protein P-glycoprotein. In contrast, the drug resistance seen in the doxorubicin plus verapamil-selected cells was mediated through decreases in topoisomerase II protein levels and catalytic activity and not by P-glycoprotein over-expression. Cells selected with verapamil alone did not become resistant to any of the drugs tested. None of the 3 selected cell lines showed any changes in MRP gene expression when compared with 8226/S. Our results indicate that the inclusion of verapamil during drug selection with doxorubicin influences the drug-resistant phenotype by preventing the selection of MDR1/P-glycoprotein-positive cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- B W Futscher
- Arizona Cancer Center, Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Tucson, USA
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Kamath N, Grabowski D, Ford J, Ganapathi R. Calmodulin inhibitor trifluoperazine in combination with doxorubicin induces the selection of tumour cells with the multidrug resistant phenotype. Br J Cancer 1993; 67:1203-8. [PMID: 8099806 PMCID: PMC1968516 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.1993.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Trifluoperazine (TFP) is effective in modulating DNA damage/repair in doxorubicin (DOX) treated cells. In the present study we have characterised the resistance phenotype of parental sensitive L1210 mouse leukaemia cells (L1210/S) adapted to grow in the presence of 0.017 microns DOX+5 microM TFP (L1210/DT). Although with prolonged exposure, 0.017 microM DOX alone produced < 35% cell kill in L1210/S cells, similar cytotoxicity was achieved at 0.43 microM DOX in L1210/S cells selected in the presence of 0.017 microM DOX+5 microM TFP. L1210/DT cells were > 30-fold resistant to DOX following a 3 h drug exposure in a soft agar colony assay. In contrast, DOX sensitivity in cells adapted to grow in 5 microM TFP alone was comparable to L1210/S cells. Resistance to other inhibitors of topoisomerase II in L1210/DT cells was > 30-fold to etoposide and > 6-fold to amsacrine. The levels of the 170 kDa and 180 kDa isoforms of topoisomerase II in an immunoblot were comparable between the L1210/S and L1210/DT cells. Cross resistance to vincristine in the L1210/DT cells was accompanied by the overexpression of plasma membrane P-glycoprotein. Although a 1.5-2-fold decrease in accumulation of etoposide and DOX was observed in the L1210/DT cells, drug levels for equivalent DNA damage in the alkaline elution assay were > 5-fold higher in the L1210/DT versus L1210/S cells. No abrogation in the modulating effects of TFP on DOX, VP-16 or amsacrine induced cytotoxicity was apparent in the L1210/DT cells. Results suggest that: (a) TFP in combination with low concentrations DOX can induce the selection of cells with the multidrug resistant phenotype; and (b) characteristics of cells selected for resistance to DOX or DOX plus TFP are comparable.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kamath
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio 44195
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Wright KA, Twentyman PR. Derivation and characterisation of a mouse tumour cell line with acquired resistance to cyclosporin A. Eur J Cancer 1993; 29A:389-94. [PMID: 8104444 DOI: 10.1016/0959-8049(93)90393-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cyclosporin A (CsA) is an effective modifier of multidrug resistance. We have studied (a) the possibility that cells grown in increasing concentrations of CsA acquire cellular resistance to the agent and, (b) whether such cells have a multidrug resistant phenotype. Sublines of the EMT6 mouse tumour cell line were developed which were able to grow in 75 and 200 micrograms/ml of CsA, respectively. The resistant sublines grew slowly in the presence of CsA but reverted to control growth rates, whilst maintaining resistance, when the drug was removed. P-glycoprotein (Pgp) was not detectable in the resistant sublines by immunocytochemistry. The CsA-resistant cells were not cross-resistant to doxorubicin or vincristine but showed a clear degree of cross-resistance to the calcium transport blocker, verapamil. Cellular accumulation of both [3H]CsA and [3H]daunorubicin was significantly increased in the EMT6/CsA200R subline compared with the parent line. In the EMT6 parent line, which expresses very low levels of Pgp, 10-30-fold sensitisation to doxorubicin may be achieved using 0.1-5 microgram/ml of CsA. Similar sensitisation by CsA was also seen in the CsA-resistant sublines.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Wright
- MRC Clinical Oncology and Radiotherapeutics Unit, Cambridge, U.K
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Barrand MA, Twentyman PR. Differential recognition of mdr1a and mdr1b gene products in multidrug resistant mouse tumour cell lines by different monoclonal antibodies. Br J Cancer 1992; 65:239-45. [PMID: 1346747 PMCID: PMC1977717 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.1992.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
An immunocytochemical method was used to test the reactivity of the anti-P-glycoprotein antibodies, C219, MRK 16, JSB-1 and 265/F4 against multidrug resistant (MDR) variants derived from the human small cell lung carcinoma line, NCI-H69, the mouse fibrosarcoma line, RIF-1 and the mouse mammary tumour cell line, EMT6. C219 produced positive staining in MDR variants of both human and mouse tumour cell lines. MRK 16 and JSB-1 however recognised P-glycoprotein only in the human MDR cell lines and not in the mouse MDR cells. 265/F4 appeared the most selective of the monoclonal antibodies used, producing positive staining of MDR variants derived from the RIF-1 line, but not of MDR variants derived from the EMT6 line. Total RNA was prepared from the mouse cell lines and, following reverse transcription, cDNA sequences were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction with primers specific for either the murine mdr1a or the mdr1b genes. From this it was possible to show that only the mdr1a gene is overexpressed in the resistant EMT6 lines that do not stain with 265/F4 whereas both mdr1a and mdr1b are overexpressed in the positively staining resistant fibrosarcoma line, RIF/1.0. Low level expression of mdr1b was detected in the sensitive parent RIF-1 cells and increasing levels of expression correlated with increasing resistance in the lines, RIF/0.1, 0.2, 0.4 and 1.0. Expression of mdr1a was found only in the more resistant fibrosarcoma cell lines. It seems that 265/F4 recognises only the mdr1b P-glycoprotein. Western blotting confirmed that this antibody detects a 170 kDa protein only in membranes derived from the resistant fibrosarcoma cells. 265/F4 may thus be used to distinguish between the murine P-glycoprotein isoforms so revealing differences between tumour cell lines in cellular localisation and in the time of appearance of mdr1a and mdr1b P-glycoprotein following drug exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Barrand
- MRC Clinical Oncology and Radiotherapeutics Unit, Cambridge, UK
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