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Yu L, Lu Y, Yao Y, Liu Y, Wang Y, Lai Q, Zhang R, Li W, Wang R, Fu Y, Tao Y, Yi S, Gou L, Chen L, Yang J. Promiximab-duocarmycin, a new CD56 antibody-drug conjugates, is highly efficacious in small cell lung cancer xenograft models. Oncotarget 2018; 9:5197-5207. [PMID: 29435172 PMCID: PMC5797043 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is of a highly invasive and metastatic lung cancer subtype and there had not been effective targeted therapies. CD56, a cell surface marker highly expressed on most SCLC, is a promising therapeutic target for treatment of this aggressive cancer. In this study, we generated a novel anti-CD56 antibody named promiximab, characterized by high affinity, internalization and tumor specificity. Then, the promiximab was conjugated with a potent DNA alkylating agent duocarmycin via reduced interchain disulfides to yield the promiximab-Duocarmycin (promiximab-DUBA) conjugates. Mass spectrometry analysis showed promiximab-DUBA had an average DAR (Drug-to-Antibody Ratio) of about 2.04. In vitro, promiximab-DUBA exerted strong inhibitory effects on SCLC cell lines NCI-H526, NCI-H524 and NCI-H69, with IC50 values of 0.07 nmol/L, 0.18 nmol/L and 0.29 nmol/L, respectively. In vivo antitumor activity, promiximab-DUBA at the dose of 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg every three days with a total of three times were sufficient to induce sustained regression of NCI-H526 tumors over control treatment with promiximab. Mostly, no recurrence was observed until 65 days post treatment with promiximab-DUBA. In the NCI-H69 subcutaneous xenograft model, significant inhibition of tumor growth was also observed following administration of promiximab-DUBA at the dose of 5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg. Moreover, body weight and histopathology of major organs (liver, spleen, heart, lung and kidney) showed no significant changes after treatment of promiximab-DUBA. In conclusion, promiximab-DUBA is highly efficacious in small cell lung cancer xenograft models, and provides a new immunotherapy approach for SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Ying Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yuqin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
- Research Center for Occupational Respiratory Diseases, West China School of Public Health/No.4 West China Teaching Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Qinhuai Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Ruirui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Wenting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Ruixue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yuyin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yiran Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Shuli Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Lantu Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Ligong Chen
- Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Sciences School of Medicine/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jinliang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
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Gilabert-Oriol R, Weng A, Mallinckrodt BV, Melzig MF, Fuchs H, Thakur M. Immunotoxins constructed with ribosome-inactivating proteins and their enhancers: a lethal cocktail with tumor specific efficacy. Curr Pharm Des 2014; 20:6584-643. [PMID: 25341935 PMCID: PMC4296666 DOI: 10.2174/1381612820666140826153913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The term ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) is used to denominate proteins mostly of plant origin, which have N-glycosidase enzymatic activity leading to a complete destruction of the ribosomal function. The discovery of the RIPs was almost a century ago, but their usage has seen transition only in the last four decades. With the advent of antibody therapy, the RIPs have been a subject of extensive research especially in targeted tumor therapies, which is the primary focus of this review. In the present work we enumerate 250 RIPs, which have been identified so far. An attempt has been made to identify all the RIPs that have been used for the construction of immunotoxins, which are conjugates or fusion proteins of an antibody or ligand with a toxin. The data from 1960 onwards is reviewed in this paper and an extensive list of more than 450 immunotoxins is reported. The clinical reach of tumor-targeted toxins has been identified and detailed in the work as well. While there is a lot of potential that RIPs embrace for targeted tumor therapies, the success in preclinical and clinical evaluations has been limited mainly because of their inability to escape the endo/lysosomal degradation. Various strategies that can increase the efficacy and lower the required dose for targeted toxins have been compiled in this article. It is plausible that with the advancements in platform technologies or improved endosomal escape the usage of tumor targeted RIPs would see the daylight of clinical success.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mayank Thakur
- Institut fur Laboratoriumsmedizin, Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Charite - Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum (Forum 4), Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353 Berlin, Germany.
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El-Hariry I, Pignatelli M. Adhesion molecules: opportunities for modulation and a paradigm for novel therapeutic approaches in cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2005; 6:1465-78. [PMID: 15989513 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.6.10.1465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In the past decade, there have been major advances in the elucidation of processes underlying tumour invasion and metastasis, in which adhesion molecules play a critical role. These advances have revolutionised our ability to devise novel approaches for cancer treatment. This review gives an insight into the adhesion pathways, and highlights the current status of adhesion molecules as potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- I El-Hariry
- Cell Adhesion Laboratory, Department of Histopathology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 ONN, UK
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Abstract
Patients with chemotherapy relapsed or refractory hematologic malignancies may be effectively treated with allogeneic or autologous stem cell transplants. However, many patients cannot be transplanted due to age, comorbidities, or lack of suitable donors. Further, a fraction of patients relapse post-transplant. Novel therapeutic agents that can kill multidrug-resistant malignant stem cells and are not myelosuppressive are needed. One class of such agents is immunotoxins. Immunotoxins consist of cell-selective ligands covalently linked to peptide toxins. The ligand delivers the molecule to specific cell surface receptors on malignant cells. The toxin triggers cell death either by reaching the cytosol and catalytically inactivating vital cell processes or by modifying the tumor cell surface membrane. We have synthesized immunotoxins for therapy of chemoresistant hematologic diseases. In this review, we will detail the synthesis of a number of these drugs and describe their preclinical and clinical activity. Several of these agents have shown dramatic antitumor effects in patients with hematologic neoplasms, and one immunotoxin has been approved for use by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Over the next several decades, a growing number of these agents should reach the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur E Frankel
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Abstract
The main problems currently associated with systemic drug administration are: even biodistribution of pharmaceuticals throughout the body; the lack of drug specific affinity toward a pathological site; the necessity of a large total dose of a drug to achieve high local concentration; non-specific toxicity and other adverse side-effects due to high drug doses. Drug targeting, i.e. predominant drug accumulation in the target zone independently on the method and route of drug administration, may resolve many of these problems. Currently, the principal schemes of drug targeting include direct application of a drug into the affected zone, passive drug targeting (spontaneous drug accumulation in the areas with leaky vasculature, or Enhanced Permeability and Retention-EPR-effect), 'physical' targeting (based on abnormal pH value and/or temperature in the pathological zone), magnetic targeting (or targeting of a drug immobilized on paramagnetic materials under the action of an external magnetic field), and targeting using a specific 'vector' molecules (ligands having an increased affinity toward the area of interest). The last approach provides the widest opportunities. Such pharmaceutical carriers as soluble polymers, microcapsules, microparticles, cells, cell ghosts, liposomes, and micelles have been successfully used for targeted drug delivery in vivo. Though the direct conjugation of a drug molecule with a targeted moiety is also possible (immunotoxin), the use of microreservoir-type systems provides clear advantages, such as high loading capacity, possibility to control size and permeability of drug carrier systems and use relatively small number of vector molecules to deliver substantial quantities of a drug to the target. The practical use of the listed systems and approaches for the delivery of therapeutic and diagnostic agents will be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- V P Torchilin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Bouve College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Yu A, Choi J, Ohno K, Levin B, Rom WN, Meruelo D. Specific cell targeting for delivery of toxins into small-cell lung cancer using a streptavidin fusion protein complex. DNA Cell Biol 2000; 19:383-8. [PMID: 10945228 DOI: 10.1089/10445490050085870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
New modalities of treatment for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) are needed, because the majority of patients continue to die of disseminated disease despite an initial response to conventional chemotherapy. Abnormal surface expression of the neural-cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) has been noted to be highly associated with SCLC. We examined the ability and efficiency of a streptavidin-Protein A (ST-PA) fusion protein complexed with an anti-NCAM monoclonal antibody (Mab) to transfer biotinylated beta-galactosidase into human SCLC cell lines NCI-H69, NCI-H526, and NCI-H446. When the surface molecule NCAM was targeted with this system, more than 99% of the targeted cells internalized and exhibited beta-galactosidase activity. In addition, we evaluated cytotoxic activity against SCLC lines NCI-H69 and NCI-H526 by efficient delivery of biotinylated glucose oxidase using the same ST-PA/anti-NCAM Mab complex. Cytotoxicity of the transduced cells (SCLC) was 10-fold and 100-fold greater, respectively, than the glucose oxidase control. This system could be widely applied for specific therapy of cancer cells by targeting unique surface molecules (antigens) using the corresponding Mab/ST-PA complex to transfer a variety of effector molecules; e.g., immunotoxic compounds, into target cells with a high degree of efficiency and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Yu
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, and Chest Service, Bellevue Hospital Center, New York, USA
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