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Abramczyk H, Brozek-Pluska B, Surmacki J, Tondusson M, Freysz E. Photostability of biological systems—Femtosecond dynamics of zinc tetrasulfonated phthalocyanine at cancerous and noncancerous human Breast tissues. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Intracellular uptake and fluorescence imaging potential in tumor cell of zinc phthalocyanine. Int J Pharm 2016; 505:369-75. [PMID: 27085647 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A near IR absorbing phthalocyanine bearing four binaphtyl group has been synthesized in order to investigate its cytotoxicity and intracellular uptake of sensitizer on MCF-7 (human breast cancer), MDAH (ovarian cancer), HeLa (human epitheloid cervix carcinoma), EMT-6 (mouse breast cancer) and WI-38 (human fibroblast lung) cell lines. ZnPc showed four time higher intracellular uptake in carcinoma cells (MCF-7) than normal (WI-38) cell lines. With the aim of studying in detail the biodistribution feature and tumor nuclear imaging capacity, ZnPc was also labeled with I-131. The efficiency of radiolabeled compound was 95±4.6%. In addition, ZnPc reveals to be very efficient singlet oxygen generators (ΦΔ=0.612 in DMSO) and promising PS for PDT application. In vitro fluorescence imaging study with MCF-7 cells showed that ZnPc localized in cytoplasm of the cells. This results showed that synthesized ZnPc is promising candidate for dual fluorescence/nuclear imaging breast cancer and shows potential PS for PDT application.
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Attia ABE, Balasundaram G, Driessen W, Ntziachristos V, Olivo M. Phthalocyanine photosensitizers as contrast agents for in vivo photoacoustic tumor imaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 6:591-8. [PMID: 25780748 PMCID: PMC4354593 DOI: 10.1364/boe.6.000591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
There is a need for contrast agents for non-invasive diagnostic imaging of tumors. Herein, Multispectral Optoacoustic Tomography (MSOT) was employed to evaluate phthalocyanines commonly used in photodynamic therapy as photoacoustic contrast agents. We studied the photoacoustic activity of three water-soluble phthalocyanine photosensitizers: phthalocyanine tetrasulfonic acid (PcS4), Zn(II) phthalocyanine tetrasulfonic acid (ZnPcS4) and Al(III) phthalocyanine chloride tetrasulfonic acid (AlPcS4) in phantom and in tumor-bearing mice to investigate the biodistribution and fate of the phthalocyanines in the biological tissues. PcS4 was observed to grant good contrast between the different reticuloendothelial organs and accumulate in the tumor within an hour of post-administration. ZnPcS4 and AlPcS4 offered little contrast in photoacoustic signals between the organs. PcS4 is a promising photoacoustic contrast agent and can be exploited as a photodiagnostic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalina Bte Ebrahim Attia
- Bio-Optical Imaging Group, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Helios #01-02, 11 Biopolis Way,
Singapore
| | - Ghayathri Balasundaram
- Bio-Optical Imaging Group, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Helios #01-02, 11 Biopolis Way,
Singapore
| | - Wouter Driessen
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich,
Germany
- iThera Medical, GmbH,
Germany
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Technical University Munich, Munich,
Germany
- Technical University of Munich,
Germany
| | - Malini Olivo
- Bio-Optical Imaging Group, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Helios #01-02, 11 Biopolis Way,
Singapore
- School of Physics, National University of Ireland, Galway,
Ireland
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Bézière N, Ntziachristos V. Optoacoustic Imaging of Naphthalocyanine: Potential for Contrast Enhancement and Therapy Monitoring. J Nucl Med 2014; 56:323-8. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.114.147157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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de Visscher SAHJ, Witjes MJH, van der Vegt B, de Bruijn HS, van der Ploeg-van den Heuvel A, Amelink A, Sterenborg HJCM, Roodenburg JLN, Robinson DJ. Localization of liposomal mTHPC formulations within normal epithelium, dysplastic tissue, and carcinoma of oral epithelium in the 4NQO-carcinogenesis rat model. Lasers Surg Med 2013; 45:668-78. [PMID: 24174342 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Foslip and Fospeg are liposomal formulations of the photosensitizer mTHPC (Foscan), which is used for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of malignancies. Literature suggests that liposomal mTHPC formulations have better properties and increased tumor uptake compared to Foscan. To investigate this, we used the 4NQO-induced carcinogen model to compare the localization of the different mTHPC formulations within normal, precancerous, and cancerous tissue. In contrast to xenograft models, the 4NQO model closely mimics the carcinogenesis of human oral dysplasia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-four rats drank water with the carcinogen 4NQO. When oral examination revealed tumor, the rats received 0.15 mg/kg mTHPC (Foscan, Foslip, or Fospeg). At 2, 4, 8, 24, 48, or 96 hours after injection the rats were sacrificed. Oral tissue was sectioned for HE slides and for fluorescence confocal microscopy. The HE slides were scored on the severity of dysplasia by the epithelial atypia index (EAI). The calibrated fluorescence intensity per formulation or time point was correlated to EAI. RESULTS Fospeg showed higher mTHPC fluorescence in normal and tumor tissue compared to both Foscan and Foslip. Significant differences in fluorescence between tumor and normal tissue were found for all formulations. However, at 4, 8, and 24 hours only Fospeg showed a significant difference. The Pearson's correlation between EAI and mTHPC fluorescence proved weak for all formulations. CONCLUSION In our induced carcinogenesis model, Fospeg exhibited a tendency for higher fluorescence in normal and tumor tissue compared to Foslip and Foscan. In contrast to Foscan and Foslip, Fospeg showed significantly higher fluorescence in tumor versus normal tissue at earlier time points, suggesting a possible clinical benefit compared to Foscan. Low correlation between grade of dysplasia and mTHPC fluorescence was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiaan A H J de Visscher
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
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Ranyuk E, Lebel R, Bérubé-Lauzière Y, Klarskov K, Lecomte R, van Lier JE, Guérin B. 68Ga/DOTA- and 64Cu/NOTA-Phthalocyanine Conjugates as Fluorescent/PET Bimodal Imaging Probes. Bioconjug Chem 2013; 24:1624-33. [DOI: 10.1021/bc400257u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yves Bérubé-Lauzière
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 boulevard Université, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada J1K 2R1
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Jarota A, Tondusson M, Galle G, Freysz E, Abramczyk H. Ultrafast dynamics of metal complexes of tetrasulphonated phthalocyanines. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:4000-9. [PMID: 22471342 DOI: 10.1021/jp3017979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A promising material in medicine, electronics, optoelectronics, electrochemistry, catalysis, and photophysics, tetrasulphonated aluminum phthalocyanine (AlPcS(4)), is investigated by means of steady-state and time-resolved pump-probe spectroscopies. Absorption and steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy indicate that AlPcS(4) is essentially monomeric. Spectrally resolved pump-probe data are recorded on time scales ranging from femtoseconds to nanoseconds. The nature of these fast processes and pathways of the competing relaxation processes from the initially excited electronic states in aqueous and organic (dimethyl sulfoxide) solutions are discussed. The decays and bleaching recovery have been fitted in the ultrafast window (0-10 ps) and later time window extending to nanoseconds (0-1 ns). While the excited-state dynamics have been found to be sensitive to the solvent environment, we were able to show that the fast dynamics is described by three time constants in the ranges of 115-500 fs, 2-25 ps, and 150-500 ps. We were able to ascribe these three time constants to different processes. The shortest time constants have been assigned to vibrational wavepacket dynamics. The few picosecond components have been assigned to vibrational relaxation in the excited electronic states. Finally, the 150-500 ps components represent the decay from S(1) to the ground state. The experimental and theoretical treatment proposed in this paper provides a basis for a substantial revision of the commonly accepted interpretation of the Soret transition (B transition) that exists in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkadiusz Jarota
- Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Laboratory of Laser Molecular Spectroscopy, Technical University of Lodz, Wroblewskiego 15, 93-590 Lodz, Poland
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In vivo quantification of photosensitizer fluorescence in the skin-fold observation chamber using dual-wavelength excitation and NIR imaging. Lasers Med Sci 2011; 26:789-801. [PMID: 21279401 PMCID: PMC3183248 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-011-0888-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2010] [Accepted: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A major challenge in biomedical optics is the accurate quantification of in vivo fluorescence images. Fluorescence imaging is often used to determine the pharmacokinetics of photosensitizers used for photodynamic therapy. Often, however, this type of imaging does not take into account differences in and changes to tissue volume and optical properties of the tissue under interrogation. To address this problem, a ratiometric quantification method was developed and applied to monitor photosensitizer meso-tetra(hydroxyphenyl) chlorin (mTHPC) pharmacokinetics in the rat skin-fold observation chamber. The method employs a combination of dual-wavelength excitation and dual-wavelength detection. Excitation and detection wavelengths were selected in the NIR region. One excitation wavelength was chosen to be at the Q band of mTHPC, whereas the second excitation wavelength was close to its absorption minimum. Two fluorescence emission bands were used; one at the secondary fluorescence maximum of mTHPC centered on 720 nm, and one in a region of tissue autofluorescence. The first excitation wavelength was used to excite the mTHPC and autofluorescence and the second to excite only autofluorescence, so that this could be subtracted. Subsequently, the autofluorescence-corrected mTHPC image was divided by the autofluorescence signal to correct for variations in tissue optical properties. This correction algorithm in principle results in a linear relation between the corrected fluorescence and photosensitizer concentration. The limitations of the presented method and comparison with previously published and validated techniques are discussed.
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Van Staveren HJ, Speelman OC, Witjes MJH, Cincotta L, Star WM. Fluorescence Imaging and Spectroscopy of Ethyl Nile Blue A in Animal Models of (Pre)malignancies¶. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2001)0730032fiasoe2.0.co2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Lagerberg JWM, Überriegler KP, Krammer B, VanSteveninck J, Dubbelman TMAR. Plasma Membrane Properties Involved in the Photodynamic Efficacy of Merocyanine 540 and Tetrasulfonated Aluminum Phthalocyanine. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2000)0710341pmpiit2.0.co2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Tagg R, Asadi-Zeydabadi M, Meyers AD. Biophotonic and Other Physical Methods for Characterizing Oral Mucosa. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2005; 38:215-40, vi. [PMID: 15823590 DOI: 10.1016/j.otc.2004.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This article discusses biophotonic and other physical methods for characterizing oral mucosa.
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van Staveren HJ, Speelman OC, Witjes MJ, Cincotta L, Star WM. Fluorescence imaging and spectroscopy of ethyl nile blue A in animal models of (pre)malignancies. Photochem Photobiol 2001; 73:32-8. [PMID: 11202363 DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2001)073<0032:fiasoe>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Discrimination between normal and premalignant tissues by fluorescence imaging and/or spectroscopy may be enhanced by a tumor-localizing fluorescent drug. Ethyl Nile Blue A (EtNBA), a dye with no phototoxic activity, was investigated for this purpose. The pharmacokinetics and tissue-localizing properties were investigated in a rat palate model with chemically induced premalignant mucosal lesions (0.5 mg/kg EtNBA intravenous [i.v.]), a hairless mouse model with UVB-induced premalignant skin lesions (1 mg/kg EtNBA intraperitoneal) and in a rat skin-fold observation chamber model on the back of a rat with a transplanted solid tumor (2.5 mg/kg EtNBA i.v.). Fluorescence images and spectra were recorded in vivo (600 nm excitation, 665-900 nm detection) and in frozen tissue sections at several time points after EtNBA administration. In the rat palate the EtNBA fluorescence was maximum almost immediately after injection, whereas in the mouse skin and the observation chamber the fluorescence maximum was reached between 2 and 3 h after injection. EtNBA cleared from tissues after 8-24 h. EtNBA localizes in the transplantable solid tumor, but is not targeted specifically to the dysplastic location in the rat palate and mouse skin. However, in the rat palate the EtNBA fluorescence increased significantly with increasing dysplasia, apparently due to the increasing thickness of the upper keratinized layer of the epithelium where the dye was found to localize. Localization in this layer occurred both in the rat palate and in hairless mouse skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J van Staveren
- Photodynamic Therapy and Optical Spectroscopy Program, Division of Clinical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, University Hospital Rotterdam, P.O. Box 5201, 3008 AE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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van den Akker JT, Speelman OC, van Staveren HJ, Moore AL, Moore TA, Gust D, Star WM, Sterenborg HJ. Localisation and accumulation of a new carotenoporphyrin in two primary tumour models. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2000; 54:108-15. [PMID: 10836539 DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(99)00157-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the tumour-localising properties and in vivo fluorescence kinetics of a hexamethoxylated carotenqporphyrin (CP6) in two primary tumour models: UV-B-induced early skin cancer in hairless mice and chemically induced mucosal dysplasia in the rat palate. CP6 fluorescence kinetics are investigated by measuring in vivo fluorescence spectra and images of the mouse skin and the rat palate at different time points after injection. For the tumour-localising properties, microscopic phase-contrast and fluorescence images are recorded. The in vivo fluorescence kinetics in the mouse skin show localization of CP6 in the tumours. However, fluorescence microscopy images show that CP6 localises in the dermis and structures that are not related to the malignant transformation of the mouse skin. The fluorescence kinetics in the rat palate show a significant correlation between the degree of malignancy and the CP6 fluorescence build-up time in the palate. The microscopic images show that CP6 fluorescence localises in the connective tissue and not in the dysplastic epithelium. In conclusion, CP6 does not localise preferentially in (pre-) cancerous tissue in the two primary tumour models studied here, in contrast to reports about localisation of carotenoporphyrins in transplanted tumours. However, the CP6 build-up time in rat palates correlates with the degree of malignancy and this might possibly be a useful parameter in tumour detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T van den Akker
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Daniel den Hoed Cancer Centre, University Hospital Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Wagnières GA, Star WM, Wilson BC. In vivo fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging for oncological applications. Photochem Photobiol 1998. [PMID: 9825692 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1998.tb02521.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 498] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G A Wagnières
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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Nauta JM, van Leengoed HL, Witjes MJ, Nikkels PG, Star WM, Vermey A, Roodenburg JL. Photofrin-mediated photodynamic therapy of chemically-induced premalignant lesions and squamous cell carcinoma of the palatal mucosa in rats. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1997; 26:223-31. [PMID: 9180236 DOI: 10.1016/s0901-5027(97)80825-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT), an experimental cancer therapy, was studied in an animal model of chemically-induced epithelial dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma. PDT was performed 24 hours after i.v. injection of 2.5 mg/kg bw Photofrin, and using 100 J/cm2 incident light at two activation wavelengths (514.5 nm or 625 nm). Two days after PDT, the majority of rats macroscopically showed a marked erythema of the entire palatal region. Microscopically all the rats showed oedema, haemorrhage, and necrosis of the epithelium of the intermolar area. The long-term results were not so favourable. No evidence of disease was found in 6 out of 20 rats in the 514.5 nm group and in 2 out of 20 rats in the 625 nm treated group. Epithelial dysplasia was found in 14 out of 20 rats in the 514.5 nm group, and in 18 out of 20 rats of the 625 nm treated group. Squamous cell carcinomas were found in 4 out of 20 rats treated with 514.5 nm and in 7 out of 20 rats in the 625 nm treated groups. Comparing both treatment wavelengths, better results were obtained in the 514.5 nm groups as this wavelength gave less normal tissue damage. Based on the results of this study the application of PDT for the treatment of field cancerization and squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Nauta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Groningen, The Netherlands
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Nauta JM, Van Leengoed HLLM, Witjes MJH, Roodenburg JLN, Nikkels PGJ, Thomsen SL, Marijnissen JPA, Star WM. Photofrin-mediated photodynamic therapy of rat palatal mucosa: Normal tissue effects and light dosimetry. Lasers Med Sci 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02156758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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