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Hayashi K, Takagane K, Itoh G, Kuriyama S, Koyota S, Meguro K, Ling Y, Abé T, Ohashi R, Yashiro M, Mizuno M, Tanaka M. Cell-cell contact-dependent secretion of large-extracellular vesicles from EFNB high cancer cells accelerates peritoneal dissemination. Br J Cancer 2024; 131:982-995. [PMID: 39003372 PMCID: PMC11405516 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02783-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large non-apoptotic vesicles released from the plasma membrane protrusions are classified as large-EVs (LEVs). However, the triggers of LEV secretion and their functions in tumors remain unknown. METHODS Coculture system of cancer cells, peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs), and macrophages (MΦs) was conducted to observe cell-cell contact-mediated LEV secretion. Lineage tracing of PMCs was performed using Wt1CreERT2-tdTnu mice to explore the effects of LEVs on PMCs in vivo, and lymphangiogenesis was assessed by qRT-PCR and flow-cytometry. RESULTS In peritoneal dissemination, cancer cells expressing Ephrin-B (EFNB) secreted LEVs upon the contact with PMCs expressing ephrin type-B (EphB) receptors, which degraded mesothelial barrier by augmenting mesothelial-mesenchymal transition. LEVs were incorporated in subpleural MΦs, and these MΦs transdifferentiated into lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) and integrated into the lymphatic vessels. LEC differentiation was also induced in PMCs by interacting with LEV-treated MΦs, which promoted lymphangiogenesis. Mechanistically, activation of RhoA-ROCK pathway through EFNB reverse signaling induced LEV secretion. EFNBs on LEVs activated EphB forward signaling in PMC and MΦs, activating Akt, ERK and TGF-β1 pathway, which were indispensable for causing MMT and LEC differentiation. LEVs accelerated peritoneal dissemination and lymphatic invasions by cancer cells. Blocking of EFNBs on LEVs using EphB-Fc-fusion protein attenuated these events. CONCLUSIONS EFNBhigh cancer cells scattered LEVs when they attached to PMCs, which augmented the local reactions of PMC and MΦ (MMT and lymphangiogenesis) and exaggerated peritoneal dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaito Hayashi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Kurara Takagane
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Go Itoh
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Sei Kuriyama
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Souichi Koyota
- Bioscience Education and Research Support Center, Akita University, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Kenji Meguro
- Bioscience Education and Research Support Center, Akita University, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Yiwei Ling
- Medical AI Center, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata University Life Innovation Hub, 2-5274, Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Abé
- Division of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry & Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Riuko Ohashi
- Divisions of Molecular and Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8545, Japan
| | - Masaru Mizuno
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.
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Pang N, Yang Z, Zhang W, Du Y, Zhang L, Li X, Peng Y, Qi X. Cancer-associated fibroblasts barrier breaking via TGF-β blockade paved way for docetaxel micelles delivery to treat pancreatic cancer. Int J Pharm 2024; 665:124706. [PMID: 39277152 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 08/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
TGF-β is a crucial regulator in tumor microenvironment (TME), especially for myofibroblastic cancer-associated fibroblasts (myCAFs). The myCAFs can be motivated by TGF-β signaling to erect pro-tumor TME, meanwhile, myCAFs overexpress TGF-β to mediate the crosstalk between tumor and stromal cells. The blockade of TGF-β can break cancer-associated fibroblasts barrier, consequently opening the access for drugs into tumor. The TGF-β is a promising target in anti-tumor therapy. Herein, we introduced a two-stage combination therapy (TC-Therapy), including TGF-β receptor I inhibitor SB525334 (SB) and cytotoxicity agent docetaxel micelle (DTX-M). We found that SB and DTX-M synergistically inhibited myCAFs proliferation and elevated p53 protein expression in BxPC-3/3T3 mixed cells. Gene and protein tests demonstrated that SB cut off TGF-β signaling via receptor blockade and it did not arouse TGF-β legend compensated internal autocrine. On the contrary, two agents combined decreased TGF-β secretion and inhibited myCAFs viability marked by α-SMA and FAPα. TC-Therapy was applied in BxPc-3/3T3 mixed tumor-bearing mice model. After TC-Therapy, the α-SMA+/ FAPα+ myCAFs faded increasingly and collagenous fibers mainly secreted by myCAFs decreased dramatically as well. More than that, the myCAFs barrier breaking helped to normalize micro-vessels and paved way for micelle penetration. The TGF-β protein level of TC-Therapy in TME was much lower than that of simplex DTX-M, which might account for TME restoration. In conclusion, TGF-β inhibitor acted as the pioneer before nano chemotherapeutic agents. The TC-Therapy of TGF-β signaling inhibition and anti-tumor agent DTX-M is a promising regimen without arising metastasis risk to treat pancreatic cancer. The therapeutic regimen focused on TGF-β related myCAFs reminds clinicians to have a comprehensive understanding of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Pang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhenzhen Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yitian Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yiwei Peng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xianrong Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery System, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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Ma N, Deng X, Liu Q, Xu F, Guo Q, Yan K, Yang Y, Zou G. Study on the value of Inhibin B in the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and its correlation with traditional Chinese medicine syndromes: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38416. [PMID: 38847724 PMCID: PMC11155563 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
To investigate the expression of Inhibin B between various clinical stages, Chinese medicine dialectic typing, and in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tissues and serum, and to evaluate the potential of Inhibin B as a new biomarker for NPC. Paraffin specimens of pathologically confirmed NPC tissues and paracancerous tissues were retrospectively collected, and the expression of Inhibin α (INHA) and Inhibin βB (INHBB) was detected by SP method, and their relationship with clinicopathological indexes was analyzed; in addition, patients with NPC who had received radiotherapy were included as the study subjects, and Epstein-Barr virus DNA (EBV-DNA), INHA, and INHBB in patients were detected by using the fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and chemiluminescent immuno-sandwiching method, respectively. EBV-DNA, EBV-viral capsid antigen-immunoglobulin A (VCA IgA), INHA, and INHBB were detected in the patients, respectively, and their relationships with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) patterns were also analyzed. The expression of INHA and INHBB in NPC tissues was lower than that in paracancerous tissues, and the expression of INHA in NPC patients was correlated with lymphatic metastasis, clinical staging, and TCM staging; the levels of EBV-DNA and VCA IgA were higher than that of healthy populations in NPC patients and were higher than that of patients with stage III + IV than that of patients with stage I + II, and the levels of INHA and INHBB were lower than those of healthy populations and were lower than those of patients with stage III + IV than that of patients with stage I + II. The levels of INHA and INHBB in nasopharyngeal cancer patients were lower than those in healthy people, and the levels in stage III + IV patients were lower than those in stage I + II patients. The levels of EBV-DNA and VCA IgA in nasopharyngeal cancer patients were correlated with the Chinese medicine patterns, and had different patterns. The expression of Inhibin B may be related to the progression of NPC, and it has certain typing significance for different TCM syndromes of NPC, which is helpful for TCM typing diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuoya Ma
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Clinical Medical School, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province the Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Deng
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Clinical Medical School, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province the Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Clinical Medical School, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province the Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province the Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kun Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province the Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province the Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guoying Zou
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Clinical Medical School, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province the Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Kazakova AN, Lukina MM, Anufrieva KS, Bekbaeva IV, Ivanova OM, Shnaider PV, Slonov A, Arapidi GP, Shender VO. Exploring the diversity of cancer-associated fibroblasts: insights into mechanisms of drug resistance. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1403122. [PMID: 38818409 PMCID: PMC11137237 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1403122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Among the various stromal cell types within the tumor microenvironment, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) emerge as the predominant constituent, exhibiting a diverse array of oncogenic functions not intrinsic to normal fibroblasts. Their involvement spans across all stages of tumorigenesis, encompassing initiation, progression, and metastasis. Current understanding posits the coexistence of distinct subpopulations of CAFs within the tumor microenvironment across a spectrum of solid tumors, showcasing both pro- and antitumor activities. Recent advancements in single-cell transcriptomics have revolutionized our ability to meticulously dissect the heterogeneity inherent to CAF populations. Furthermore, accumulating evidence underscores the pivotal role of CAFs in conferring therapeutic resistance to tumors against various drug modalities. Consequently, efforts are underway to develop pharmacological agents specifically targeting CAFs. Methods: This review embarks on a comprehensive analysis, consolidating data from 36 independent single-cell RNA sequencing investigations spanning 17 distinct human malignant tumor types. Results: Our exploration centers on elucidating CAF population markers, discerning their prognostic relevance, delineating their functional contributions, and elucidating the underlying mechanisms orchestrating chemoresistance. Discussion: Finally, we deliberate on the therapeutic potential of harnessing CAFs as promising targets for intervention strategies in clinical oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia N. Kazakova
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria M. Lukina
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Ksenia S. Anufrieva
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina V. Bekbaeva
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Olga M. Ivanova
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina V. Shnaider
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Slonov
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - Georgij P. Arapidi
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Victoria O. Shender
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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5
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Ozmen E, Demir TD, Ozcan G. Cancer-associated fibroblasts: protagonists of the tumor microenvironment in gastric cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1340124. [PMID: 38562556 PMCID: PMC10982390 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1340124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Enhanced knowledge of the interaction of cancer cells with their environment elucidated the critical role of tumor microenvironment in tumor progression and chemoresistance. Cancer-associated fibroblasts act as the protagonists of the tumor microenvironment, fostering the metastasis, stemness, and chemoresistance of cancer cells and attenuating the anti-cancer immune responses. Gastric cancer is one of the most aggressive cancers in the clinic, refractory to anti-cancer therapies. Growing evidence indicates that cancer-associated fibroblasts are the most prominent risk factors for a poor tumor immune microenvironment and dismal prognosis in gastric cancer. Therefore, targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts may be central to surpassing resistance to conventional chemotherapeutics, molecular-targeted agents, and immunotherapies, improving survival in gastric cancer. However, the heterogeneity in cancer-associated fibroblasts may complicate the development of cancer-associated fibroblast targeting approaches. Although single-cell sequencing studies started dissecting the heterogeneity of cancer-associated fibroblasts, the research community should still answer these questions: "What makes a cancer-associated fibroblast protumorigenic?"; "How do the intracellular signaling and the secretome of different cancer-associated fibroblast subpopulations differ from each other?"; and "Which cancer-associated fibroblast subtypes predominate specific cancer types?". Unveiling these questions can pave the way for discovering efficient cancer-associated fibroblast targeting strategies. Here, we review current knowledge and perspectives on these questions, focusing on how CAFs induce aggressiveness and therapy resistance in gastric cancer. We also review potential therapeutic approaches to prevent the development and activation of cancer-associated fibroblasts via inhibition of CAF inducers and CAF markers in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Ozmen
- Koç University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Tevriz Dilan Demir
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Gulnihal Ozcan
- Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Yang K, Yi T. Tumor cell stemness in gastrointestinal cancer: regulation and targeted therapy. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 10:1297611. [PMID: 38455361 PMCID: PMC10918437 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1297611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The cancer stem cells are a rare group of self-renewable cancer cells capable of the initiation, progression, metastasis and recurrence of tumors, and also a key contributor to the therapeutic resistance. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanism of tumor stemness regulation, especially in the gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, is of great importance for targeting CSC and designing novel therapeutic strategies. This review aims to elucidate current advancements in the understanding of CSC regulation, including CSC biomarkers, signaling pathways, and non-coding RNAs. We will also provide a comprehensive view on how the tumor microenvironment (TME) display an overall tumor-promoting effect, including the recruitment and impact of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), the establishment of an immunosuppressive milieu, and the induction of angiogenesis and hypoxia. Lastly, this review consolidates mainstream novel therapeutic interventions targeting CSC stemness regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangqi Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tuo Yi
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Lee D, Ham IH, Oh HJ, Lee DM, Yoon JH, Son SY, Kim TM, Kim JY, Han SU, Hur H. Tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen-like 1 from cancer-associated fibroblasts contribute to the progression of diffuse-type gastric cancers through the interaction with integrin β1. J Transl Med 2024; 22:154. [PMID: 38355577 PMCID: PMC10868052 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04963-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor cells of diffuse-type gastric cancer (DGC) are discohesive and infiltrate into the stroma as single cells or small subgroups, so the stroma significantly impacts DGC progression. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are major components of the tumor stroma. Here, we identified CAF-specific secreted molecules and investigated the mechanism underlying CAF-induced DGC progression. METHODS We conducted transcriptome analysis for paired normal fibroblast (NF)-CAF isolated from DGC patient tissues and proteomics for conditioned media (CM) of fibroblasts. The effects of fibroblasts on cancer cells were examined by transwell migration and soft agar assays, western blotting, and in vivo. We confirmed the effect of blocking tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen-like 1 (TINAGL1) in CAFs using siRNA or shRNA. We evaluated the expression of TINAGL1 protein in frozen tissues of DGC and paired normal stomach and mRNA in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue using RNA in-situ hybridization (RNA-ISH). RESULTS CAFs more highly expressed TINAGL1 than NFs. The co-culture of CAFs increased migration and tumorigenesis of DGC. Moreover, CAFs enhanced the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and mesenchymal marker expression in DGC cells. In an animal study, DGC tumors co-injected with CAFs showed aggressive phenotypes, including lymph node metastasis. However, increased phosphorylation of FAK and migration were reduced by blocking TINAGL1 in CAFs. In the tissues of DGC patients, TINAGL1 was higher in cancer than paired normal tissues and detected with collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COL1A1) in the same spot. Furthermore, high TINAGL1 expression was significantly correlated with poor prognosis in several public databases and our patient cohort diagnosed with DGC. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that TINAGL1 secreted by CAFs induces phosphorylation of FAK in DGC cells and promotes tumor progression. Thus, targeting TINAGL1 in CAFs can be a novel therapeutic strategy for DGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagyeong Lee
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- AI-Super Convergence KIURI Translational Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hye Ham
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Inflamm-Aging Translational Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jeong Oh
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Min Lee
- Inflamm-Aging Translational Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Yoon
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Functional RNomics Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Yong Son
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Min Kim
- Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Science, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Kim
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology (GRAST), Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Uk Han
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Hur
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Ajou University School of Medicine Suwon, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
- Inflamm-Aging Translational Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Horie M, Takagane K, Itoh G, Kuriyama S, Yanagihara K, Yashiro M, Umakoshi M, Goto A, Arita J, Tanaka M. Exosomes secreted by ST3GAL5 high cancer cells promote peritoneal dissemination by establishing a premetastatic microenvironment. Mol Oncol 2024; 18:21-43. [PMID: 37716915 PMCID: PMC10766203 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal dissemination of cancer affects patient survival. The behavior of peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs) and immune cells influences the establishment of a microenvironment that promotes cancer cell metastasis in the peritoneum. Here, we investigated the roles of lactosylceramide alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase (ST3G5; also known as ST3GAL5 and GM3 synthase) in the exosome-mediated premetastatic niche in peritoneal milky spots (MSs). Exosomes secreted from ST3G5high cancer cells (ST3G5high -cExos) were found to contain high levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1α) and accumulated in MSs via uptake in macrophages (MΦs) owing to increased expression of sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin 1 (CD169; also known as SIGLEC1). ST3G5high -cExos induced pro-inflammatory cytokines and glucose metabolic changes in MΦs, and the interaction of these MΦs with PMCs promoted mesothelial-mesenchymal transition (MMT) in PMCs, thereby generating αSMA+ myofibroblasts. ST3G5high -cExos also increased the expression of immune checkpoint molecules and T-cell exhaustion in MSs, which accelerated metastasis to the omentum. These events were prevented following ST3G5 depletion in cancer cells. Mechanistically, ST3G5high -cExos upregulated chemokines, including CC-chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), in recipient MΦs and dendritic cells (DCs), which induced MMT and immunosuppression via activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Maraviroc, a C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) antagonist, prevented ST3G5high -cExo-mediated MMT, T-cell suppression, and metastasis in MSs. Our results suggest ST3G5 as a suitable therapeutic target for preventing cExo-mediated peritoneal dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misato Horie
- Department of Molecular Medicine and BiochemistryAkita University Graduate School of MedicineJapan
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryAkita University Graduate School of MedicineJapan
| | - Kurara Takagane
- Department of Molecular Medicine and BiochemistryAkita University Graduate School of MedicineJapan
| | - Go Itoh
- Department of Molecular Medicine and BiochemistryAkita University Graduate School of MedicineJapan
| | - Sei Kuriyama
- Department of Molecular Medicine and BiochemistryAkita University Graduate School of MedicineJapan
| | - Kazuyoshi Yanagihara
- Division of Rare Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Molecular Oncology and TherapeuticsOsaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of MedicineJapan
| | - Michinobu Umakoshi
- Department of Cellular and Organ PathologyAkita University Graduate School of MedicineJapan
| | - Akiteru Goto
- Department of Cellular and Organ PathologyAkita University Graduate School of MedicineJapan
| | - Junichi Arita
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryAkita University Graduate School of MedicineJapan
| | - Masamitsu Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Medicine and BiochemistryAkita University Graduate School of MedicineJapan
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Zhang G, Ji P, Xia P, Song H, Guo Z, Hu X, Guo Y, Yuan X, Song Y, Shen R, Wang D. Identification and targeting of cancer-associated fibroblast signature genes for prognosis and therapy in Cutaneous melanoma. Comput Biol Med 2023; 167:107597. [PMID: 37875042 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play pivotal roles in tumor invasion and metastasis. However, studies on CAF biomarkers in Cutaneous Melanoma (CM) are still scarce. This study aimed to explore the potential CAF biomarkers in CM, propose the potential therapeutic targets, and provide new insights for targeted therapy of CAFs in CM. METHODS We utilized weighted gene co-expression network analysis to identify CAF signature genes in CM, and conducted comprehensive bioinformatics analysis on the CAF risk score established by these genes. Moreover, single-cell sequencing analysis, spatial transcriptome analysis, and cell experiments were utilized for verifying the expression and distribution pattern of signature genes. Furthermore, molecular docking was employed to screen potential target drugs. RESULTS FBLN1 and COL5A1, two crucial CAF signature genes, were screened to establish the CAF risk score. Subsequently, a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis of the CAF risk score revealed that high-risk score group was significantly enriched in pathways associated with tumor progression. Besides, CAF risk score was significantly negatively correlated with clinical prognosis, immunotherapy response, and tumor mutational burden in CM patients. In addition, FBLN1 and COL5A1 were further identified as CAF-specific biomarkers in CM by multi-omics analysis and experimental validation. Eventually, based on these two targets, Mifepristone and Dexamethasone were screened as potential anti-CAFs drugs. CONCLUSION The findings indicated that FBLN1 and COL5A1 were the CAF signature genes in CM, which were associated with the progression, treatment, and prognosis of CM. The comprehensive exploration of CAF signature genes is expected to provide new insight for clinical CM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guokun Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China.
| | - Pengfei Ji
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China.
| | - Peng Xia
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China.
| | - Haoyun Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China.
| | - Zhao Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China.
| | - Xiaohui Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China.
| | - Yanan Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China.
| | - Xinyi Yuan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China.
| | - Yanfeng Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China.
| | - Rong Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China.
| | - Degui Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Gansu, 730000, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Gastrointestinal Tumor, Gansu, 730000, China.
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10
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Takahashi S, Takagane K, Itoh G, Kuriyama S, Umakoshi M, Goto A, Yanagihara K, Yashiro M, Iijima K, Tanaka M. CCDC85A is regulated by miR-224-3p and augments cancer cell resistance to endoplasmic reticulum stress. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1196546. [PMID: 37534255 PMCID: PMC10391547 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1196546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play pivotal roles in the tumor microenvironment. Here, we analyzed miRNAs in tumor stromal fibroblasts. Expression of miR-224-3p in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) from scirrhous gastric cancer patients was lower than in normal fibroblasts (NF). Introduction of a miR-224-3p mimic attenuated migration and invasion of CAF. Coiled-coil domain containing 85A (CCDC85A), whose function in tumors is not understood, was the target gene of miR-224-3p. Immunohistological analysis revealed that CCDC85A is expressed to varying degrees by cancer cells and CAFs in gastric and pancreatic carcinomas. Downregulation of CCDC85A in cancer cells revealed that these cells are vulnerable to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induced by thapsigargin or tunicamycin, which were ameliorated after addback of CCDC85A. Injection of NF-derived exosomes containing miR-224-3p into the xenograft tumor increased tumor shrinkage by cisplatin treatment. Mechanistically, CCDC85A associated with the molecular chaperone GRP78 and GRP94, thereby inhibiting association of these negative regulators of the unfolded protein response (UPR), leading to sustained activation of PERK and downstream eIF2〈 and ATF4 upon ER stress. These data suggest a novel miR-224-3p-mediated function for CCDC85A: protection from ER stress and cisplatin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Takahashi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Kurara Takagane
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Go Itoh
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Sei Kuriyama
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Michinobu Umakoshi
- Department of Cellular and Organ Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Akiteru Goto
- Department of Cellular and Organ Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Yanagihara
- Division of Rare Cancer Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Katsunori Iijima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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11
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Hu B, Qian X, Qian P, Xu G, Jin X, Chen D, Xu L, Tang J, Wu W, Li W, Zhang J. Advances in the functions of CTRP6 in the development and progression of the malignancy. Front Genet 2022; 13:985077. [PMID: 36313428 PMCID: PMC9596804 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.985077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CTRP6, a member of the C1q/TNF-related protein (CTRP) family, has gained increasing scientific interest because of its regulatory role in tumor progression. Previous studies have shown that CTRP6 is closely involved in regulating various pathophysiological processes, including glucose and lipid metabolism, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammation. To date, CTRP6 has been identified as related to eight different malignancies, including lung cancer, oral cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, liver cancer, bladder cancer, renal cancer, and ovarian cancer. CTRP6 is reported to be associated with tumor progression by activating a series of related signal networks. This review article mainly discusses the biochemistry and pleiotropic pathophysiological functions of CTRP6 as a new molecular mediator in carcinogenesis, hoping that the information summarized herein could make a modest contribution to the development of novel cancer treatments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hu
- Department of Pathology and Municipal Key-Innovative Discipline of Molecular Diagnostics, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xiaolan Qian
- Department of Pathology and Municipal Key-Innovative Discipline of Molecular Diagnostics, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Ping Qian
- Department of Pathology and Municipal Key-Innovative Discipline of Molecular Diagnostics, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Guangtao Xu
- Forensic and Pathology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Institute of Forensic Science, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Forensic and Pathology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Institute of Forensic Science, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Deqing Chen
- Forensic and Pathology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Institute of Forensic Science, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Long Xu
- Forensic and Pathology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Institute of Forensic Science, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Pathology and Municipal Key-Innovative Discipline of Molecular Diagnostics, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Wenjing Wu
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Wanlu Li
- Forensic and Pathology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Institute of Forensic Science, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
- *Correspondence: Wanlu Li, ; Jin Zhang,
| | - Jin Zhang
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
- *Correspondence: Wanlu Li, ; Jin Zhang,
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12
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Kazakova AN, Anufrieva KS, Ivanova OM, Shnaider PV, Malyants IK, Aleshikova OI, Slonov AV, Ashrafyan LA, Babaeva NA, Eremeev AV, Boichenko VS, Lukina MM, Lagarkova MA, Govorun VM, Shender VO, Arapidi GP. Deeper insights into transcriptional features of cancer-associated fibroblasts: An integrated meta-analysis of single-cell and bulk RNA-sequencing data. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:825014. [PMID: 36263012 PMCID: PMC9574913 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.825014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have long been known as one of the most important players in tumor initiation and progression. Even so, there is an incomplete understanding of the identification of CAFs among tumor microenvironment cells as the list of CAF marker genes varies greatly in the literature, therefore it is imperative to find a better way to identify reliable markers of CAFs. To this end, we summarized a large number of single-cell RNA-sequencing data of multiple tumor types and corresponding normal tissues. As a result, for 9 different types of cancer, we identified CAF-specific gene expression signatures and found 10 protein markers that showed strongly positive staining of tumor stroma according to the analysis of IHC images from the Human Protein Atlas database. Our results give an insight into selecting the most appropriate combination of cancer-associated fibroblast markers. Furthermore, comparison of different approaches for studying differences between cancer-associated and normal fibroblasts (NFs) illustrates the superiority of transcriptome analysis of fibroblasts obtained from fresh tissue samples. Using single-cell RNA sequencing data, we identified common differences in gene expression patterns between normal and cancer-associated fibroblasts, which do not depend on the type of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia N. Kazakova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Dolgoprudny, Russia
- *Correspondence: Anastasia N. Kazakova, ; Ksenia S. Anufrieva,
| | - Ksenia S. Anufrieva
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- *Correspondence: Anastasia N. Kazakova, ; Ksenia S. Anufrieva,
| | - Olga M. Ivanova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina V. Shnaider
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina K. Malyants
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Chemical-Pharmaceutical Technologies and Biomedical Drugs, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga I. Aleshikova
- National Medical Scientific Centre of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatal Medicine named after V.I. Kulakov, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey V. Slonov
- National Medical Scientific Centre of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatal Medicine named after V.I. Kulakov, Moscow, Russia
| | - Lev A. Ashrafyan
- National Medical Scientific Centre of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatal Medicine named after V.I. Kulakov, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nataliya A. Babaeva
- National Medical Scientific Centre of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatal Medicine named after V.I. Kulakov, Moscow, Russia
| | - Artem V. Eremeev
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Veronika S. Boichenko
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria M. Lukina
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Maria A. Lagarkova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vadim M. Govorun
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Scientific Research Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Victoria O. Shender
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Georgij P. Arapidi
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Chen X, Chen W, Zhao Y, Wang Q, Wang W, Xiang Y, Yuan H, Xie Y, Zhou J. Interplay of Helicobacter pylori, fibroblasts, and cancer cells induces fibroblast activation and serpin E1 expression by cancer cells to promote gastric tumorigenesis. J Transl Med 2022; 20:322. [PMID: 35864535 PMCID: PMC9306099 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03537-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) can disrupt the tight junctions between gastric epithelial cells and penetrate the intercellular spaces acting on epithelial cells, normal fibroblasts (NFs), and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), but their interaction in gastric cancer tumorigenesis and progression remains unclear. Methods Primary CAFs and NFs were isolated from paired gastric cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues and identified by immunofluorescence staining and western blot analysis for FSP-1, α-SMA, FAP, and vimentin expression. RNA-sequencing was used to compare the transcriptomes between CAFs and NFs. The expressions of FAP, lumican, and α-SMA, human cytokine array, and Transwell assay were used to assess the transformation of NFs to CAFs. CCK-8 assay, colony formation, flow cytometry, Transwell assay, and nude mouse xenograft model were used to determine the effects of Serpin E1 on cell proliferation and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Finally, Serpin E1 and/or FAP expression was measured in H. pylori-infected gerbil gastric mucosa and human gastric cancer tissues. Results Gastric CAFs are inflammatory CAFs with α-SMAlowFAPhighlumicanhigh. The interplay of H. pylori, fibroblasts, and cancer cells promotes the transition of NFs to CAFs by inducing cytokine release, especially Serpin E1. Long-term H. pylori infection and CAFs induce Serpin E1 expression in gerbil gastric tissues and human gastric cancer cells. Serpin E1 overexpression enhances the growth, migration, invasion of gastric cancer cells in vitro, and xenograft tumor growth in nude mice via inducing angiogenesis. Serpin E1 and FAP were highly expressed in cancer cells and CAFs of gastric cancer tissues, respectively, and a good correlation was observed between their expression. Higher Serpin E1 expression is negatively associated with the overall survival of patients with gastric cancer. Conclusions The interplay of H. pylori, fibroblasts, and cancer cells induced Serpin E1 expression to promote the activation of NFs to CAFs and gastric carcinogenesis. Targeting Serpin E1 will provide a promising therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer by disrupting the interaction between H. pylori, CAFs, and gastric cancer cells. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03537-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueshu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guizhou Cancer Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qinrong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wenling Wang
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Guizhou Cancer Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Yining Xiang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yuan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
| | - Jianjiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education & Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
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14
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Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases 7 and 9, Desmin, Alpha-Smooth Muscle Actin and Caldesmon, in Odontogenic Keratocyst Associated with NBCCS, Recurrent and Sporadic Keratocysts. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060775. [PMID: 35740900 PMCID: PMC9221122 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS) associated odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) show more aggressive behavior and it has a higher frequency of relapse than non-syndromic OKCs. Stromal myofibroblasts (MFs), characterized by α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA), desmin and caldesmon expression, and metalloproteinases (MMPs) have an essential role in the remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The aim of the study is to analyze the immunohistochemical expression of MMP-7, MMP-9, αSMA and other new markers in the study of OKCs MFs such as desmin and caldesmon in NBCCS-associated OKCs compared to recurrent and sporadic keratocysts. Fourty 40 patients (23 M and 17 F) underwent surgery to remove the OKCs. The histological sections in paraffin were incubated with markers antibodies and a semi-quantitative score was used to evaluate the immunoreactivity. Densitometric analysis showed a very significantly increased expression of αSMA, caldesmon, MMP-7 and MMP-9 in NBCCS-OKCs compared to non-syndromic OKCs (p < 0.001). However, desmin showed a not significant increased expression in non-syndromic OKC compared to NBCCS-OKCs specimens in which desmin was slightly or not at all expressed. NBCSS-OKCs showed a greater distribution of MFs compared to the other OKCs subtypes. Further studies will be needed to evaluate whether the different expressions of these markers can be correlated to a different clinical behavior.
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15
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Pazhani J, Jayaraman S, Veeraraghavan VP, Somasundaram DB, Raj AT, Patil S. Targeting cancer associated fibroblasts - A TGF-β based immunotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Oncol 2022; 130:105899. [PMID: 35561489 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.105899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jayanthi Pazhani
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Selvaraj Jayaraman
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Dinesh Babu Somasundaram
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Centre, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States
| | - A Thirumal Raj
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Chennai 600 130, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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Diffuse gastric cancer: Emerging mechanisms of tumor initiation and progression. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188719. [PMID: 35307354 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is globally the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Patients with diffuse-type gastric cancer (DGC) particularly have a poor prognosis that only marginally improved over the last decades, as conventional chemotherapies are frequently ineffective and specific therapies are unavailable. Early-stage DGC is characterized by intramucosal lesions of discohesive cells, which can be present for many years before the emergence of advanced DGC consisting of highly proliferative and invasive cells. The mechanisms underlying the key steps of DGC development and transition to aggressive tumors are starting to emerge. Novel mouse- and organoid models for DGC, together with multi-omic analyses of DGC tumors, revealed contributions of both tumor cell-intrinsic alterations and gradual changes in the tumor microenvironment to DGC progression. In this review, we will discuss how these recent findings are leading towards an understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for DGC initiation and malignancy, which may provide opportunities for targeted therapies.
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17
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Jang M, Oh SW, Lee Y, Kim JY, Ji ES, Kim P. Targeting extracellular matrix glycation to attenuate fibroblast activation. Acta Biomater 2022; 141:255-263. [PMID: 35081431 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) of the tumor microenvironment undergoes constant remodeling that alters its biochemical and mechano-physical properties. Non-enzymatic glycation can induce the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), which may cause abnormal ECM turnover with excessively cross-linked collagen fibers. However, the subsequent effects of AGE-mediated matrix remodeling on the characteristics of stromal cells in tumor microenvironments remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that AGEs accumulated in the ECM alter the fibroblast phenotype within a three-dimensional collagen matrix. Both the AGE interaction with its receptor (RAGE) and integrin-mediated mechanotransduction signaling were up-regulated in glycated collagen matrix, leading to fibroblast activation to acquire a cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF)-like phenotype. These effects were blocked with neutralizing antibodies against RAGE or the inhibition of focal adhesion (FA) signaling. An AGE cross-link breaker, phenyl-4,5-dimethylthiazolium bromide (ALT 711), also reduced the transformation of fibroblasts into the CAF-like phenotype because of its dual inhibitory role in the AGE-modified matrix. Apart from targeting the AGE-RAGE interaction directly, the decreased matrix stiffness attenuated fibroblast activation by inhibiting the downstream cellular response to matrix stiffness. Our results suggest that indirect/direct targeting of accumulated AGEs in the ECM has potential for targeting the tumor stroma to improve cancer therapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Advanced glycated end-products (AGEs)-modified extracellular matrix (ECM) is closely associated with pathological states and is recognized as a critical factor that precedes tumorigenesis. While increased matrix stiffness is known to induce fibroblast activation, less is known about how both biochemical and mechano-physical changes in AGE-mediated matrix-remodeling cooperate to produce a myofibroblastic cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF)-like phenotype. For the first time, we found that both the AGE interaction with its receptor (RAGE) and integrin-mediated mechanotransduction were up-regulated in glycated collagen matrix, leading to fibroblast activation. We further demonstrated that an AGE cross-link breaker, ALT-711, reduced the CAF-like transformation because of its dual inhibitory role in the AGE-modified matrix. Our findings offer promising extracellular-reversion strategies targeting the non-enzymatic ECM glycation, to regulate fibroblast activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjeong Jang
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Center for BioMicrosystems, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Won Oh
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunji Lee
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Aanlysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, Cheongju, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sun Ji
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Aanlysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, Cheongju, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Pilnam Kim
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Miyamoto S, Nagano Y, Miyazaki M, Nagamura Y, Sasaki K, Kawamura T, Yanagihara K, Imai T, Ohki R, Yashiro M, Tanaka M, Sakai R, Yamaguchi H. Integrin α5 mediates cancer cell-fibroblast adhesion and peritoneal dissemination of diffuse-type gastric carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2021; 526:335-345. [PMID: 34775002 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse-type gastric carcinoma (DGC) has a poor prognosis due to its rapid diffusive infiltration and frequent peritoneal dissemination. DGC is associated with massive fibrosis caused by aberrant proliferation of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Previously, we reported that direct heterocellular interaction between cancer cells and CAFs is important for the peritoneal dissemination of DGC. In this study, we aimed to identify and target the molecules that mediate such heterocellular interactions. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against intact DGC cells were generated and subjected to high-throughput screening to obtain several mAbs that inhibit the adhesion of DGC cells to CAFs. Immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry revealed that all mAbs recognized integrin α5 complexed with integrin β1. Blocking integrin α5 in DGC cells or fibronectin, a ligand of integrin α5β1, deposited on CAFs abrogated the heterocellular interaction. Administration of mAbs or knockout of integrin α5 in DGC cells suppressed their invasion led by CAFs in vitro and peritoneal dissemination in a mouse xenograft model. Altogether, these findings demonstrate that integrin α5 mediates the heterotypic cancer cell-fibroblast interaction during peritoneal dissemination of DGC and may thus be a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Miyamoto
- Department of Cancer Cell Research, Sasaki Institute, Sasaki Foundation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Nagano
- Department of Cancer Cell Research, Sasaki Institute, Sasaki Foundation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Miyazaki
- Department of Cancer Cell Research, Sasaki Institute, Sasaki Foundation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Nagamura
- Department of Cancer Cell Research, Sasaki Institute, Sasaki Foundation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sasaki
- Department of Peptidomics, Sasaki Institute, Sasaki Foundation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawamura
- Proteomics Laboratory, Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Yanagihara
- Division of Biomarker Discovery, Exploratory Oncology & Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshio Imai
- Department of Animal Experimentation, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rieko Ohki
- Laboratory of Fundamental Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masato Tanaka
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Sakai
- Department of Biochemistry, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hideki Yamaguchi
- Department of Cancer Cell Research, Sasaki Institute, Sasaki Foundation, Tokyo, Japan.
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19
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Veen LM, Skrabanja TLP, Derks S, de Gruijl TD, Bijlsma MF, van Laarhoven HWM. The role of transforming growth factor β in upper gastrointestinal cancers: A systematic review. Cancer Treat Rev 2021; 100:102285. [PMID: 34536730 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2021.102285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal and gastric malignancies are associated with poor prognosis, in part due to development of recurrences or metastases after curative treatment. The transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) pathway might play a role in the development of treatment resistance. In this systematic review, we provide an overview of preclinical studies investigating the role of TGF-β in esophageal and gastric malignancies. We systematically searched MEDLINE/PubMed and EMBASE for eligible preclinical studies describing the effect of TGF-β or TGF-β inhibition on hallmarks of cancer, such as proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis and immune evasion. In total, 2107 records were screened and 45 articles were included, using mouse models and 45 different cell lines. TGF-β failed to induce apoptosis in twelve of sixteen tested cell lines. TGF-β could either decrease (five cell lines) or increase proliferation (seven cell lines) in gastric cancer cells, but had no effect in esophageal cancer cells. In all esophageal and all but two gastric cancer cell lines, TGF-β increased migratory, adhesive and invasive capacities. In vivo studies showed increased metastasis in response to TGF-β treatment. Additionally, TGF-β was shown to induce vascular endothelial growth factor production and differentiation of cancer-associated fibroblasts and regulatory T-cells. In conclusion, we found that TGF-β enhances hallmarks of cancer in most gastric and esophageal cancer cell lines, but not in all. Therefore, targeting the TGF-β pathway could be an attractive strategy in patients with gastric or esophageal cancer, but additional clinical trials are needed to define patient groups who would benefit most.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linde M Veen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117-1118, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Tim L P Skrabanja
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah Derks
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117-1118, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja D de Gruijl
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117-1118, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten F Bijlsma
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke W M van Laarhoven
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117-1118, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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20
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Itoh G, Takagane K, Fukushi Y, Kuriyama S, Umakoshi M, Goto A, Yanagihara K, Yashiro M, Tanaka M. Cancer-associated fibroblasts educate normal fibroblasts to facilitate cancer cell spreading and T cell suppression. Mol Oncol 2021; 16:166-187. [PMID: 34379869 PMCID: PMC8732346 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In some tumors, a small number of cancer cells are scattered in a large fibrotic stroma. Here, we demonstrate a novel mechanism for expansion of pro‐tumor fibroblasts via cancer‐associated fibroblast (CAF)‐mediated education of normal fibroblasts (NFs). When NFs were incubated with conditioned medium from CAFs, the resulting CAF‐educated fibroblasts (CEFs) generated reactive oxygen species, which induced NF‐κB‐mediated expression of inflammatory cytokines and the extracellular matrix protein asporin (ASPN), while expression of a common CAF marker gene, α‐SMA, was not increased. ASPN further increased CEF expression of downstream molecules, including indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase 1 (IDO‐1), kynureninase (KYNU), and pregnancy‐associated plasma protein‐A (PAPP‐A). These CEFs induce cytocidal effects against CD8+ T cells and IGF‐I activation in cancer cells. CEFs were generated without cancer cells by the direct mixture of NFs and CAFs in mouse xenografts, and once CEFs were generated, they sequentially educated NFs, leading to continuous generation of CEFs. In diffuse‐type gastric cancers, ASPNhigh/IDO‐1high/KYNUhigh/α‐SMA− CEFs were located at the distal invading front. These CEFs expanded in the fibrotic stroma and caused dissemination of cancer cells. ASPN may therefore be a key molecule in facilitating tumor spreading and T‐cell suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Go Itoh
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Kurara Takagane
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Yuma Fukushi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.,Department of Life Science, Faculty and Graduate School of Engineering and Resource Science, Akita University, 1-1 Tegata Gakuenmachi, Akita, 010-8502, Japan
| | - Sei Kuriyama
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Michinobu Umakoshi
- Department of Cellular and Organ Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Akiteru Goto
- Department of Cellular and Organ Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Yanagihara
- Division of Biomarker Discovery, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, 6-5-1, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8545, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
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21
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Li Z, Sun C, Qin Z. Metabolic reprogramming of cancer-associated fibroblasts and its effect on cancer cell reprogramming. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:8322-8336. [PMID: 34373744 PMCID: PMC8343997 DOI: 10.7150/thno.62378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells are well-known for adapting their metabolism to maintain high proliferation rates and survive in unfavorable environments with low oxygen and nutritional deficiency. Metabolic reprogramming most commonly arises from the tumor microenvironment (TME). The events of metabolic pathways include the Warburg effect, shift in Krebs cycle metabolites, and increase rate of oxidative phosphorylation that provides the energy for the development and invasion of cancer cells. The TME and shift in tumor metabolism shows a close relationship through bidirectional signaling pathways between the stromal and tumor cells. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the main type of stromal cells in the TME and consist of a heterogeneous and plastic population that play key roles in tumor growth and metastatic capacity. Emerging evidence suggests that CAFs act as major regulators in shaping tumor metabolism especially through the dysregulation of several metabolic pathways, including glucose, amino acid, and lipid metabolism. The arrangement of these metabolic switches is believed to shape distinct CAF behavior and change tumor cell behavior by the CAFs. The crosstalk between cancer cells and CAFs is associated with cell metabolic reprogramming that contributes to cancer cell growth, progression, and evasion from cancer therapies. But the mechanism and process of this interaction remain unclear. This review aimed to highlight the metabolic couplings between tumor cells and CAFs. We reviewed the recent literature supporting an important role of CAFs in the regulation of cancer cell metabolism, and the relevant pathways, which may serve as targets for therapeutic interventions.
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22
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Sugimoto A, Okuno T, Tsujio G, Sera T, Yamamoto Y, Maruo K, Kushiyama S, Nishimura S, Kuroda K, Togano S, Miki Y, Yoshii M, Tamura T, Toyokawa T, Tanaka H, Muguruma K, Ohira M, Yashiro M. The clinicopathologic significance of Tks5 expression of peritoneal mesothelial cells in gastric cancer patients. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253702. [PMID: 34255789 PMCID: PMC8277061 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) patients frequently develop peritoneal metastasis. Recently, it has been reported that peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs) activated by GC cells acquire a migratory capacity and promote GC cell invasion. The invasiveness of PMCs reportedly depends on the activity of Tks5, an adaptor protein required for invadopodia formation. However, the relationship between clinicopathologic features and Tks5 expression in PMCs has been poorly documented. In this study, we evaluated the clinicopathologic significance of the Tks5 expression of PMCs in GC patients. Materials and methods A total of 110 GC patients who underwent gastrectomy were enrolled in this study. Tks5 expressions in PMCs from the greater omentum, lesser omentum and retroperitoneum were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. We analyzed the correlation between Tks5 expressions in PMCs and the patients’ clinicopathologic features. Results Tks5 expression was found in 71 (64.5%) of the 110 patients, while 39 (35.5%) were Tks5-negative. Tks5 positivity was significantly (p = 0.038) associated with a greater tumor depth (i.e., T3/4 compared with T1/T2). Peritoneal recurrence was found in 12 of 98 cases within 3 years of surgery. The 3-year peritoneal recurrence-free survival (PRFS) rate in Tks5-positive cases was significantly poorer than that in Tks5-negative cases (80.1% vs 97.4%, p = 0.024). Multivariate analysis revealed that Tks5 positivity and lymph node metastasis were independent factors for PRFS. Conclusion Tks5 is frequently expressed in PMCs in advanced-stage gastric cancer. Tks5 might be a useful predictor for peritoneal recurrence in GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Sugimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Okuno
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Gen Tsujio
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Sera
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yurie Yamamoto
- Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koji Maruo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shuhei Kushiyama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sadaaki Nishimura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenji Kuroda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shingo Togano
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Miki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mami Yoshii
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Tamura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Toyokawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuya Muguruma
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaichi Ohira
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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23
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Interleukin-33-Enhanced CXCR4 Signaling Circuit Mediated by Carcinoma-Associated Fibroblasts Promotes Invasiveness of Head and Neck Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143442. [PMID: 34298657 PMCID: PMC8306357 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances, treatment for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has limited efficacy in preventing tumor progression. We confirmed previously that carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAF)-induced interleukin-33 (IL-33) contributed to cancer progression. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the complex communication network of the tumor microenvironment merited further evaluation. To simulate the IL-33-induced autocrine signaling, stable clones of IL-33-overexpressing HNSCC cells were established. Besides well-established IL-33/ST2 and SDF1/CXCR4 (stromal-derived factor 1/C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4) signaling, the CAF-induced IL-33 upregulated CXCR4 via cancer cell induction of IL-33 self-production. The IL-33-enhanced-CXCR4 regulatory circuit involves SDF1/CXCR4 signaling activation and modulates tumor behavior. An in vivo study confirmed the functional role of IL-33/CXCR4 in tumor initiation and metastasis. The CXCR4 and/or IL-33 blockade reduced HNSCC cell aggressiveness, with attenuated invasions and metastases. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that IL-33 and CXCR4 expression correlated significantly with disease-free survival and IL-33-CXCR4 co-expression predicted a poor outcome. Besides paracrine signaling, the CAF-induced IL-33 reciprocally enhanced the autocrine cancer-cell self-production of IL-33 and the corresponding CXCR4 upregulation, leading to the activation of SDF1/CXCR4 signaling subsequent to cancer progression. Thus, targeting the IL-33-enhanced-CXCR4 regulatory circuit attenuates tumor aggressiveness and provides a potential therapeutic option for improving the prognosis in HNSCC patients.
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24
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Overexpression of TGF-β1 and SDF-1 in cervical cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes cell growth, invasion and migration. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2021; 305:179-192. [PMID: 34196798 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-021-06137-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of overexpression of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) in cervical cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) on regulating cell growth, invasion and migration. METHODS CAF cells and normal fibroblast cells (NFs) were obtained from patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma and multiple uterine leiomyomas, respectively. Immunofluorescence assay and western blot were used to determine the expression of Vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell viability. Giemsa dyer was used to detect the colony formation. Flow cytometry was used to detect the growth state of cells. Transwell assays were used to detect the migration and invasion. RESULTS Vimentin and α-SMA expression in CAFs were significantly increased than those in NFs. In addition, TGF-β1 and SDF-1 expression were notably increased, and transforming growth factor beta receptor 2 (TβRII) expression was markedly decreased in CAF cells than those in NFs. Similarly, TGF-β1 and SDF-1 expression in the co-culture of CAFs and Hela cells were significantly increased, and cell proliferation, migration, invasion, colony formation and cell cycle progression were also promoted, while cell apoptosis was decreased. Those phenomena were reversed in the co-culture system with neutralizing antibodies to TGF-β1 and SDF-1. Furthermore, exogenous TGF-β1 and SDF-1 enhanced proliferation, colony formation, cell cycle progression, migration and invasion while decreased apoptosis of cells. These phenomena were also reversed by the addition of neutralizing antibodies to TGF-β1 and SDF-1. CONCLUSION Overexpression of TGF-β1 and SDF-1 in CAFs can promote the growth, invasion and migration of cervical cancer cells.
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25
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Identification of extracellular matrix proteins secreted by human dermal fibroblasts cultured in 3D electrospun scaffolds. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6655. [PMID: 33758206 PMCID: PMC7988018 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85742-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The appreciation that cell interactions in tissues is dependent on their three dimensional (3D) distribution has stimulated the development of 3D cell culture models. We constructed an artificial 3D tumour by culturing human breast cancer JIMT-1 cells and human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) in a 3D network of electrospun polycaprolactone fibres. Here, we investigate ECM components produced by the cells in the artificial 3D tumour, which is an important step in validating the model. Immunostaining and confocal fluorescence microscopy show that the ECM proteins fibronectin, collagen I, and laminin are deposited throughout the entire 3D structure. Secreted soluble factors including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and interleukine-6 (IL-6) were analysed in collected medium and were found to be mainly derived from the HDFs. Treatment with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), a major cytokine found in a tumour, significantly alters the MMP activity and IL-6 concentration. In addition, TGF-β1 treatment, changes the morphology of the HDFs to become more elongated and with increased linearized actin filaments compared to non-treated HDFs. Collectively, these novel findings suggest that the artificial 3D tumour displays a clear cell distribution and ECM deposition that resembles a tumour environment in vivo, suggesting an innovative biological model to study a human tumour.
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26
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Ham IH, Lee D, Hur H. Cancer-Associated Fibroblast-Induced Resistance to Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy in Gastrointestinal Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1172. [PMID: 33803229 PMCID: PMC7963167 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past few decades, the role of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in resistance to therapies for gastrointestinal (GI) cancers has emerged. Clinical studies focusing on GI cancers have revealed that the high expression of CAF-related molecules within tumors is significantly correlated with unfavorable therapeutic outcomes; however, the exact mechanisms whereby CAFs enhance resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy in GI cancers remain unclear. The cells of origin of CAFs in GI cancers include normal resident fibroblasts, mesenchymal stem cells, endothelial cells, pericytes, and even epithelial cells. CAFs accumulated within GI cancers produce cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors involved in resistance to therapies. CAF-derived exosomes can be engaged in stroma-related resistance to treatments, and several non-coding RNAs, such as miR-92a, miR-106b, CCAL, and H19, are present in CAF-derived exosomes and transferred to GI cancer cells. The CAF-induced desmoplastic reaction interferes with drug delivery to GI cancer cells, evoking resistance to chemotherapy. However, due to the heterogeneity of CAFs in GI cancers, identifying the exact mechanism underlying CAF-induced resistance may be difficult. Recent advancements in single-cell "omics" technologies could offer clues for revealing the specific subtypes and biomarkers related to resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Hye Ham
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea; (I.-H.H.); (D.L.)
- Infamm-aging Translational Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Dagyeong Lee
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea; (I.-H.H.); (D.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Hoon Hur
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea; (I.-H.H.); (D.L.)
- Infamm-aging Translational Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea
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27
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Yan T, Wang X, Wei G, Li H, Hao L, Liu Y, Yu X, Zhu W, Liu P, Zhu Y, Zhou X. Exosomal miR-10b-5p mediates cell communication of gastric cancer cells and fibroblasts and facilitates cell proliferation. J Cancer 2021; 12:2140-2150. [PMID: 33754012 PMCID: PMC7974515 DOI: 10.7150/jca.47817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment interacts with gastric cancer (GC) cells and affects tumor development. The communication between GC cells and fibroblasts has not been clearly studied and understood. MiR-10b-5p was found highly expressed in tissue and serum samples of patients with advanced stages (stage III+IV) than that in early stage patients (stage I+II). The expression determination of serum exosomal microRNA was also shown with high expression of miR-10b-5p in GC patients with advanced stages. Dual-luciferase activity assays indicated that miR-10b-5p targeted PTEN in GC cells and KLF11 in fibroblasts. The silence of miR-10b-5p up-regulated the expression of PTEN and repressed PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 signaling in GC cells. Clonogenic assay and MTT assay demonstrated that miR-10b-5p inhibitor could significantly reduce the colony formation and cell viability of GC cells. And the incubation of exosomal miR-10b-5p could increase the proliferation of GC cells. Immunohistochemistry staining revealed that high expression of α-SMA was detected in GC tissues with advanced stages. The overexpression of miR-10b-5p down-regulated KLF11 expression and elevated TGFβR1 expression in fibroblasts. In addition, miR-10b-5p inhibitor blocked the secretion of TGFβ1 in GC cells and the directional migration of fibroblasts. Therefore, up-regulated exosomal miR-10b-5p is involved in the interaction of GC cells and fibroblasts in tumor microenvironment via participating in the regulation of TGFβ signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yan
- Safety Assessment and Research Center for Drug, Pesticide and Veterinary Drug of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiaping Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Guohua Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Hai Li
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Leiyu Hao
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xinqian Yu
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yichao Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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28
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Sasaki Y, Takagane K, Konno T, Itoh G, Kuriyama S, Yanagihara K, Yashiro M, Yamada S, Murakami S, Tanaka M. Expression of asporin reprograms cancer cells to acquire resistance to oxidative stress. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:1251-1261. [PMID: 33393151 PMCID: PMC7935789 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Asporin (ASPN), a small leucine‐rich proteoglycan expressed predominantly by cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs), plays a pivotal role in tumor progression. ASPN is also expressed by some cancer cells, but its biological significance is unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of ASPN expression in gastric cancer cells. Overexpression of ASPN in 2 gastric cancer cell lines, HSC‐43 and 44As3, led to increased migration and invasion capacity, accompanied by induction of CD44 expression and activation of Rac1 and MMP9. ASPN expression increased resistance of HSC‐43 cells to oxidative stress by reducing the amount of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. ASPN induced expression of the transcription factor HIF1α and upregulated lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) and PDH‐E1α, suggesting that ASPN reprograms HSC‐43 cells to undergo anaerobic glycolysis and suppresses ROS generation in mitochondria, which has been observed in another cell line HSC‐44PE. By contrast, 44As3 cells expressed high levels of HIF1α in response to oxidant stress and escaped apoptosis regardless of ASPN expression. Examination of xenografts in the gastric wall of ASPN–/– mice revealed that growth of HSC‐43 tumors with increased micro blood vessel density was significantly accelerated by ASPN; however, ASPN increased the invasion depth of both HSC‐43 and 44As3 tumors. These results suggest that ASPN has 2 distinct effects on cancer cells: HIF1α‐mediated resistance to oxidative stress via reprogramming of glucose metabolism, and activation of CD44‐Rac1 and MMP9 to promote cell migration and invasion. Therefore, ASPN may be a new therapeutic target in tumor fibroblasts and cancer cells in some gastric carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.,Department of Life Science, Faculty and Graduate School of Engineering and Resource Science, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Kurara Takagane
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Takumi Konno
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.,Department of Life Science, Faculty and Graduate School of Engineering and Resource Science, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Go Itoh
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Sei Kuriyama
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Yanagihara
- Division of Biomarker Discovery, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoru Yamada
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinya Murakami
- Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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29
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Abstract
Heparanase is the only mammalian enzyme that cleaves heparan sulphate, an important component of the extracellular matrix. This leads to the remodelling of the extracellular matrix, whilst liberating growth factors and cytokines bound to heparan sulphate. This in turn promotes both physiological and pathological processes such as angiogenesis, immune cell migration, inflammation, wound healing and metastasis. Furthermore, heparanase exhibits non-enzymatic actions in cell signalling and in regulating gene expression. Cancer is underpinned by key characteristic features that promote malignant growth and disease progression, collectively termed the 'hallmarks of cancer'. Essentially, all cancers examined to date have been reported to overexpress heparanase, leading to enhanced tumour growth and metastasis with concomitant poor patient survival. With its multiple roles within the tumour microenvironment, heparanase has been demonstrated to regulate each of these hallmark features, in turn highlighting the need for heparanase-targeted therapies. However, recent discoveries which demonstrated that heparanase can also regulate vital anti-tumour mechanisms have cast doubt on this approach. This review will explore the myriad ways by which heparanase functions as a key regulator of the hallmarks of cancer and will highlight its role as a major component within the tumour microenvironment. The dual role of heparanase within the tumour microenvironment, however, emphasises the need for further investigation into defining its precise mechanism of action in different cancer settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnath M Jayatilleke
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Plenty Road & Kingsbury Drive, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Mark D Hulett
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Plenty Road & Kingsbury Drive, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia.
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30
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Miki Y, Yashiro M, Moyano-Galceran L, Sugimoto A, Ohira M, Lehti K. Crosstalk Between Cancer Associated Fibroblasts and Cancer Cells in Scirrhous Type Gastric Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:568557. [PMID: 33178597 PMCID: PMC7596590 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.568557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause among all cancer deaths globally. Although the treatment outcome of GC has improved, the survival of patients with GC at stages III and IV remains unsatisfactory. Among several types of GC, scirrhous type GC (SGC) shows highly aggressive growth and invasive activity, leading to frequent peritoneal metastasis. SGC is well known to accompany abundant stromal cells that compose the tumor microenvironment (TME) along with the produced extracellular matrix (ECM) and secreted factors. One of the main stromal components is cancer associated fibroblast (CAF). In the SGC microenvironment, CAFs are a source of various secreted factors, including fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), which mediate prominent tumor-stimulating activity. In turn, cancer cells also secrete numerous factors, which can activate and educate CAFs. Current findings suggest that cancer cells and stromal cells communicate interactively via the soluble factors, the ECM, and likely also by exosomes. In this review, we focus on the soluble factors mediating communication between cancer cells and CAFs in SGC, and consider how they are related to the modulation of TME and the high rate of peritoneal metastasis. At last, we discuss the perspectives on targeting these communication pathways for improved future treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Miki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Lidia Moyano-Galceran
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Atsushi Sugimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaichi Ohira
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kaisa Lehti
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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31
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Expression pattern analysis and drug differential sensitivity of cancer-associated fibroblasts in triple-negative breast cancer. Transl Oncol 2020; 14:100891. [PMID: 33069102 PMCID: PMC7563008 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has the characteristics of a complex molecular landscape, aggressive or high proliferation leading to poor prognosis, and behavioral heterogeneity. The purpose of the present study was to determine the spatiotemporal expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)-positive cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) at histological level in 4T1 tumors and to predict the sensitivity to 138 drugs in patients with TNBC according to α-SMA expression. The quantitative results of fibrosis showed that the volume of 4T1 tumors correlated positively with the area of tumor fibrosis. Furthermore, we divided 4T1 tumors according to the degree of fibrosis and characterized the molecular characteristics of the four regions. Finally, the difference in the signaling pathways and sensitivity to 138 drugs was analyzed in patients with TNBC according to α-SMA expression combined with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The myogenesis, TGF-β, and Notch signaling pathways were upregulated and the patients with TNBC were significantly differentially sensitive to 25 drugs. The results of in vivo experiments showed that the inhibitory effect of embelin on 4T1 tumors with high α-SMA expression was greater than that on 4TO7 tumors with low α-SMA expression. At the same time, embelin significantly decreased α-SMA and PDGFRA expression in 4T1 tumors compared with the control group. Our findings add to understanding of CAF distribution in the 4T1 tumor microenvironment and its possible role in treating cancer.
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32
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Farmer SM, Andl CD. Computational modeling of transforming growth factor β and activin a receptor complex formation in the context of promiscuous signaling regulation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:5166-5181. [PMID: 32597324 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1785330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The Transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) superfamily is a group of multipotent growth factors that control proliferation, quiescence and differentiation. Aberrant signal transduction and downstream target activation contribute to tumorigenesis and targeted therapy has therefore been considered a promising avenue. Using various modeling pipelines, we analyzed the structure-function relationship between ligand and receptor molecules of the TGFβ family. We further simulated the molecular docking of Galunisertib, a small molecule inhibitor targeting TGFβ signaling in cancer, which is currently undergoing FDA-approved clinical trials. We found that proprotein dimers of Activin isoforms differ at intrachain disulfide bonds, which support prior evidence of varying pro-domain stability and isoform preference. Further, mature proteins possess flexibility around conserved cystine knots to functionally interact with receptors or regulatory molecules in similar but distinct ways to TGFβ. We show that all Activin isoforms are capable of assuming a closed- or open-dimer state, revealing structural promiscuity of their open forms for receptor binding. We propose the first structural landscape for Activin receptor complexes containing a type I receptor (ACVR1B), which shares a pre-helix extension with TGFβ type I receptor (TGFβR1). Here, we artificially demonstrate that Activin can bind TGFβR1 in a TGFβ-like manner and that TGFβ1 can form signaling complexes with ACVR1B. Interestingly, Galunisertib was found to form stable inhibitory structures within the homologous kinase domains of both TGFβR1 and ACVR1B, thus halting receptor-promiscuous signaling. Overall, these observations highlight the challenges of specific TGFβ cascade targeting in the context of cancer therapies.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Farmer
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Claudia D Andl
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
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33
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Uchihara T, Miyake K, Yonemura A, Komohara Y, Itoyama R, Koiwa M, Yasuda T, Arima K, Harada K, Eto K, Hayashi H, Iwatsuki M, Iwagami S, Baba Y, Yoshida N, Yashiro M, Masuda M, Ajani JA, Tan P, Baba H, Ishimoto T. Extracellular Vesicles from Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Containing Annexin A6 Induces FAK-YAP Activation by Stabilizing β1 Integrin, Enhancing Drug Resistance. Cancer Res 2020; 80:3222-3235. [PMID: 32605995 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-3803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) from cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) are composed of diverse payloads. Although CAFs impact the aggressive characteristics of gastric cancer cells, the contribution of CAF-EV to gastric cancer progression has not been elucidated. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanism of the changes in gastric cancer characteristics induced by CAF-EV. CAF abundance in gastric cancer tissues was associated with poor prognosis of patients with gastric cancer receiving chemotherapy. Moreover, CAF-EV induced tubular network formation and drug resistance of gastric cancer cells in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Comprehensive proteomic analysis of CAF-EV identified that Annexin A6 plays a pivotal role in network formation and drug resistance of gastric cancer cells in the ECM via activation of β1 integrin-focal adhesion kinase (FAK)-YAP. A peritoneal metastasis mouse model revealed that CAF-EV induced drug resistance in peritoneal tumors, and inhibition of FAK or YAP efficiently attenuated gastric cancer drug resistance in vitro and in vivo. These findings demonstrate that drug resistance is conferred by Annexin A6 in CAF-EV and provide a potential avenue for overcoming gastric cancer drug resistance through the inhibition of FAK-YAP signaling in combination with conventional chemotherapeutics. SIGNIFICANCE: This study elucidates a novel molecular mechanism through which Annexin A6 in CAF-EV activates FAK-YAP by stabilizing β1 integrin at the cell surface of gastric cancer cells and subsequently induces drug resistance. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/80/16/3222/F1.large.jpg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Uchihara
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Keisuke Miyake
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Atsuko Yonemura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | - Rumi Itoyama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mayu Koiwa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tadahito Yasuda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kota Arima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazuto Harada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kojiro Eto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masaaki Iwatsuki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shiro Iwagami
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Naoya Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mari Masuda
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jaffer A Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Patrick Tan
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Hideo Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan. .,Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takatsugu Ishimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan. .,Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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34
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Oatmen KE, Cull E, Spinale FG. Heart failure as interstitial cancer: emergence of a malignant fibroblast phenotype. Nat Rev Cardiol 2019; 17:523-531. [DOI: 10.1038/s41569-019-0286-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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35
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Condorelli AG, Logli E, Cianfarani F, Teson M, Diociaiuti A, El Hachem M, Zambruno G, Castiglia D, Odorisio T. MicroRNA-145-5p regulates fibrotic features of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa skin fibroblasts. Br J Dermatol 2019; 181:1017-1027. [PMID: 30816994 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is a skin fragility disorder caused by mutations in the COL7A1 gene encoding type VII collagen, a cutaneous basement membrane component essential for epidermal-dermal adhesion. Hallmarks of the disease are unremitting blistering and chronic wounds with severe inflammation and fibrosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression also implicated in fibrotic processes. However, the role of miRNAs in RDEB fibrosis is almost unexplored. OBJECTIVES Our study aimed to identify miRNAs deregulated in primary RDEB skin fibroblasts (RDEBFs) and to characterize their function in RDEB fibrosis. METHODS Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to screen RDEBFs for expression levels of a group of miRNAs deregulated in hypertrophic scars and keloids, pathological conditions with abnormal wound healing and fibrosis. Contractility, proliferation and migration rate were evaluated by different in vitro assays in RDEBFs transfected with a miR-145-5p inhibitor. Expression levels of fibrotic markers and miR-145-5p targets were measured using qRT-PCR and western blot. RESULTS The miR-143/145 cluster was upregulated in RDEBFs compared with fibroblasts from healthy subjects. RDEBFs transfected with a miR-145-5p inhibitor showed attenuated fibrotic traits of contraction, proliferation and migration, accompanied by reduced expression of the contractile proteins α-smooth muscle actin and transgelin. These effects were associated with upregulation of Krüppel-like factor 4 transcriptional repressor and downregulation of Jagged1, a known inducer of fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the profibrotic role of miR-145-5p and its regulatory networks in RDEB, shedding light on novel disease pathomechanisms and targets for future therapeutic approaches. What's already known about this topic? Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is a highly disabling genetic skin disease caused by mutations in the collagen VII gene and characterized by unremitting blistering and defective wound healing, leading to inflammation and fibrosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression in health and disease, and their deregulation has been implicated in fibrotic skin conditions. To date, only miR-29 has been associated with injury-driven fibrosis in RDEB. What does this study add? In patients with RDEB, miR-145-5p is overexpressed in RDEB skin fibroblasts (RDEBFs), where it plays a profibrotic role, as its inhibition reduces RDEBF fibrotic traits (contraction, proliferation and migration). miR-145-5p inhibition in RDEBFs determines the reduction of contractile markers α-smooth muscle actin and transgelin through upregulation of Krüppel-like factor 4, a transcriptional repressor of contractile proteins, and downregulation of Jagged1 (JAG1), an inducer of fibrosis. What is the translational message? Our findings expand the knowledge on miRNA-driven pathomechanisms implicated in RDEB fibrosis. miR-145-5p and its targets (e.g. JAG1) could represent relevant molecules for the development of novel therapeutic strategies to counteract fibrosis progression in patients with RDEB.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Condorelli
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - E Logli
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - F Cianfarani
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - M Teson
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - A Diociaiuti
- Dermatology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - M El Hachem
- Dermatology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - G Zambruno
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - D Castiglia
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - T Odorisio
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Role of Cancer-Associated Fibroblast in Gastric Cancer Progression and Resistance to Treatments. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:6270784. [PMID: 31281359 PMCID: PMC6590541 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6270784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although the survival of gastric cancer (GC) patients has gradually improved, the outcomes of advanced GC patients remain unsatisfactory despite standard treatment with conventional chemotherapy or targeted agents. Several studies have shown that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a major component of tumor stroma in GC, may have significant roles in GC progression and resistance to treatments. CAFs are a major source of various secreted molecules in the tumor microenvironment, which stimulate cancer cells and other noncancerous components of GC. Surprisingly, these factors could be involved in gastric carcinogenesis. Cytokines, including interleukin-6 and interleukin-11, or growth factors, such as fibroblast growth factor produced from CAFs, can directly activate GC cells and consequently lead to the development of an aggressive phenotype. Galectin-1 or hepatocyte growth factor can be involved in CAF-derived neovascularization in GC. In addition, recent studies showed that CAFs can affect tumor immunity through M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages. Finally, the current study aimed to introduce several inhibitory agents and evaluate their suppressive effects on CAFs in patients with GC progression. However, further studies are required to evaluate their safety and select appropriate patients for application in clinical settings.
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37
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Fibroblasts as Modulators of Local and Systemic Cancer Metabolism. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11050619. [PMID: 31058816 PMCID: PMC6562905 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast activation is an accompanying feature of solid tumor progression, resembling a conserved host response to tissue damage. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) comprise a heterogeneous and plastic population with increasingly appreciated roles in tumor growth, metastatic capacity, and response to therapy. Classical features of fibroblasts in a wound-healing response, including profound extracellular matrix production and cytokine release, are recapitulated in cancer. Emerging evidence suggests that fibroblastic cells in the microenvironments of solid tumors also critically modulate cellular metabolism in the neoplastic compartment through mechanisms including paracrine transfer of metabolites or non-cell-autonomous regulation of metabolic signaling pathways. These metabolic functions may represent common mechanisms by which fibroblasts stimulate growth of the regenerating epithelium during a wound-healing reaction, or may reflect unique co-evolution of cancer cells and surrounding stroma within the tumor microenvironment. Here we review the recent literature supporting an important role for CAFs in regulation of cancer cell metabolism, and relevant pathways that may serve as targets for therapeutic intervention.
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38
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Analysis of Extracellular Vesicles in Gastric Juice from Gastric Cancer Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040953. [PMID: 30813244 PMCID: PMC6412909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secretory membrane vesicles containing lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids; they function in intercellular transport by delivering their components to recipient cells. EVs are observed in various body fluids, i.e., blood, saliva, urine, amniotic fluid, and ascites. EVs secreted from cancer cells play important roles in the formation of their environment, including fibrosis, angiogenesis, evasion of immune surveillance, and even metastasis. However, EVs in gastric juice (GJ-EVs) have been largely unexplored. In this study, we sought to clarify the existence of GJ-EVs derived from gastric cancer patients. GJ-EVs were isolated by the ultracentrifuge method combined with our own preprocessing from gastric cancer (GC) patients. We verified GJ-EVs by morphological experiments, i.e., nanoparticle tracking system analysis and electron microscopy. In addition, protein and microRNA markers of EVs were examined by Western blotting analysis, Bioanalyzer, or quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. GJ-EVs were found to promote the proliferation of normal fibroblast cells. Our findings suggest that isolates from the GJ of GC patients contain EVs and imply that GJ-EVs partially affect their microenvironments and that analysis using GJ-EVs from GC patients will help to clarify the pathophysiology of GC.
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39
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Okuno T, Yashiro M, Masuda G, Togano S, Kuroda K, Miki Y, Hirakawa K, Ohsawa M, Wanibuchi H, Ohira M. Establishment of a New Scirrhous Gastric Cancer Cell Line with FGFR2 Overexpression, OCUM-14. Ann Surg Oncol 2019; 26:1093-1102. [PMID: 30652228 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-018-07145-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis of scirrhous gastric carcinoma (SGC), which is characterized by rapid infiltration and proliferation of cancer cells accompanied by extensive stromal fibrosis, is extremely poor. In this study, we report the establishment of a unique SGC cell line from a gastric cancer patient in whom an autopsy was performed. METHODS A new SGC cell line, OCUM-14, was established from malignant ascites of a male patient with SGC. A postmortem autopsy was performed on the patient. Characterization of OCUM-14 cells was analyzed by microscopic examination, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis, immunohistochemical examination, CCK-8 assay, and in vivo assay. RESULTS OCUM-14 cells grew singly or in clusters, and were floating and round-shaped. Most OCUM-14 cells had many microvilli on their surfaces. The doubling time was 43.1 h, and the subcutaneous inoculation of 1.0 × 107 OCUM-14 cells into mice resulted in 50% tumor formation. mRNA expressions of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) were observed in OCUM-14 cells. FGFR2, but not HER2, overexpression was found in OCUM-14 cells. The heterogeneous overexpression of FGFR2 was also found in both the primary tumor and metastatic lesions of the peritoneum, lymph node, bone marrow, and lung of the patient. The FGFR2 inhibitors AZD4547 and BGJ398 significantly decreased the growth of OCUM-14 cells, while paclitaxel and 5-fluorouracil significantly decreased the proliferation of OCUM-14 cells, but cisplatin did not. CONCLUSION A new gastric cancer cell line, OCUM-14, was established from SGC and showed FGFR2 overexpression. OCUM-14 might be useful for elucidating the characteristic mechanisms of SGC and clarifying the effect of FGFR2 inhibitors on SGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohisa Okuno
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Osaka, Japan.,Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Osaka, Japan. .,Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Japan. .,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Japan.
| | - Go Masuda
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shingo Togano
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Osaka, Japan.,Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Japan
| | - Kenji Kuroda
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Osaka, Japan.,Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Miki
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Osaka, Japan.,Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Japan.,Cancer Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Japan
| | - Kosei Hirakawa
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiko Ohsawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Japan
| | - Hideki Wanibuchi
- Molecular Pathology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Japan
| | - Masaichi Ohira
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City, Osaka, Japan
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40
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Doi T, Aramaki T, Yasui H, Muro K, Ikeda M, Okusaka T, Inaba Y, Nakai K, Ikezawa H, Nakajima R. A phase I study of ontuxizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting endosialin, in Japanese patients with solid tumors. Invest New Drugs 2019; 37:1061-1074. [PMID: 30623276 PMCID: PMC6736902 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-018-0713-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background We conducted a first-in-Japanese, phase I study of ontuxizumab, a humanized, anti-endosialin monoclonal antibody, to confirm its tolerability, safety, and pharmacokinetics, and identify exploratory efficacy. Methods This was a multicenter, multiple-dose, open-label study in Japanese patients aged ≥20 years with solid tumors, including gastric cancer (GC) or advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), who had failed standard chemotherapy. The study comprised two parts: part 1 (dose-escalation; ontuxizumab 2-12 mg/kg weekly) and part 2 (cohort-expansion; 4 or 8 mg/kg weekly, or 12 mg/kg biweekly). Results Fifteen patients were treated in part 1, and 31 in part 2 (16 patients with GC and 15 with HCC). In part 1, the most common treatment-related, treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE) was fatigue (20%); no patients had grade ≥ 3 treatment-related TEAEs. In part 2, the most common treatment-related TEAEs were constipation, malaise, hiccups, and increased bilirubin; treatment-related grade 3 TEAEs occurred in two patients with HCC. In part 1, no patients achieved a partial response, and 6/15 (40%) had stable disease (SD). In part 2, 2/15 patients (13.3%) with GC and 8/15 (53.3%) with HCC had SD. Tumor shrinkage was observed in 5/15 HCC patients (33.3%). Conclusions Ontuxizumab, up to a dosage of 12 mg/kg weekly, was generally safe and well tolerated in this population, with no dose-limiting toxicities. The maximum tolerated dose was not reached; 8 mg/kg weekly or 12 mg/kg biweekly were the recommended dosages. We observed long-term disease stabilization in GC and extraskeletal chondrosarcoma, and tumor shrinkage in gastrointestinal stromal tumor and HCC. Trial registration: NCT01773434 ( ClinicalTrials.gov ).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Takeshi Aramaki
- Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007 Shimonagakubo Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Yasui
- Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007 Shimonagakubo Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Kei Muro
- Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Aichi, Japan
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41
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Umakoshi M, Takahashi S, Itoh G, Kuriyama S, Sasaki Y, Yanagihara K, Yashiro M, Maeda D, Goto A, Tanaka M. Macrophage-mediated transfer of cancer-derived components to stromal cells contributes to establishment of a pro-tumor microenvironment. Oncogene 2018; 38:2162-2176. [PMID: 30459356 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0564-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (TEVs) secreted into the blood create a pre-metastatic niche in distant organs; however, it is unclear how TEVs are delivered and how they affect stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have pivotal roles in cancer progression by interacting with cancer cells and other stromal cells. Here, we report a novel function of TAMs: delivery and transmission of TEV contents. TEV-incorporating macrophages (TEV-MΦs) showed increased invasiveness and were disseminated widely. Upon contact with host stromal cells (peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs), fibroblasts, and endothelial cells), TEV-MΦs released membrane blebs containing TEVs, a process dependent upon localized activation of caspase-3 in MΦs. Scattered blebs were incorporated into stromal cells, leading to transfer of cancer-derived RNA and proteins such as TGF-β, activated Src, Wnt3, and HIF1α. TEV-MΦ-secreted blebs containing cancer-derived components contributed to myofibroblastic changes in recipient stromal cells. TEVs delivered by MΦs penetrated deep into the parenchyma of the stomach in TEV-injected mice, and transmitted TEVs to PMCs lining the stomach surface; this process induced PMCs to undergo mesothelial-mesenchymal transition. PMCs infiltrated the gastric wall and created a niche, thereby promoting tumor invasion. Depletion of MΦs prevented these events. Moreover, TEV-MΦs created a pro-metastatic niche. Taken together, these results suggest a novel function for TAMs: transfer of cancer-derived components to surrounding stromal cells and induction of a pro-tumor microenvironment via an increase in the number of CAF-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michinobu Umakoshi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.,Department of Cellular and Organ Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - So Takahashi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Go Itoh
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Sei Kuriyama
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Yuto Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.,Department of Life Science, Faculty and Graduate School of Engineering and Resource Science, Akita University, 1-1 Tegata Gakuenmachi, Akita, 010-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Yanagihara
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, 6-5-1 Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, 277-0882, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8545, Japan
| | - Daichi Maeda
- Department of Cellular and Organ Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.,Department of Clinical Genomics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suitashi, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akiteru Goto
- Department of Cellular and Organ Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.
| | - Masamitsu Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biochemistry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.
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Wei L, Ye H, Li G, Lu Y, Zhou Q, Zheng S, Lin Q, Liu Y, Li Z, Chen R. Cancer-associated fibroblasts promote progression and gemcitabine resistance via the SDF-1/SATB-1 pathway in pancreatic cancer. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:1065. [PMID: 30337520 PMCID: PMC6194073 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1104-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a dominant component of the pancreatic tumor microenvironment, are mainly considered as promotors of malignant progression, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we show that SDF-1 secreted by CAFs stimulates malignant progression and gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer, partially owing to paracrine induction of SATB-1 in pancreatic cancer cells. CAF-secreted SDF-1 upregulated the expression of SATB-1 in pancreatic cancer cells, which contributed to the maintenance of CAF properties, forming a reciprocal feedback loop. SATB-1 was verified to be overexpressed in human pancreatic cancer tissues and cell lines by quantitative real-time PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemical staining, which correlated with tumor progression and clinical prognosis in pancreatic cancer patients. We found that SATB-1 knockdown inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion in SW1990 and PANC-1 cells in vitro, whereas overexpression of SATB-1 in Capan-2 and BxPC-3 cells had the opposite effect. Immunofluorescence staining showed that conditioned medium from SW1990 cells expressing SATB-1 maintained the local supportive function of CAFs. Furthermore, downregulation of SATB-1 inhibited tumor growth in mouse xenograft models. In addition, we found that overexpression of SATB-1 in pancreatic cancer cells participated in the process of gemcitabine resistance. Finally, we investigated the clinical correlations between SDF-1 and SATB-1 in human pancreatic cancer specimens. In summary, these findings demonstrated that the SDF-1/CXCR4/SATB-1 axis may be a potential new target of clinical interventions for pancreatic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lusheng Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Huilin Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Guolin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuanting Lu
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou women and children's medical center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Quanbo Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shangyou Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qing Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yimin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Radiotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhihua Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. .,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Rufu Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. .,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
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Ahn B, Chae YS, Kim CH, Lee Y, Lee JH, Kim JY. Tumor microenvironmental factors have prognostic significances in advanced gastric cancer. APMIS 2018; 126:814-821. [PMID: 30264431 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment is important in the progression and survival of cancer cells. We evaluated the prognostic significance of tumor stroma percentage (TSP), Klintrup-Mäkinen (KM) grade, which reflects the density of inflammatory cells of the tumor, and Glasgow microenvironment score (GMS), a combination of TSP and KM grade, in advanced gastric cancers. A total of 196 pT3 and pT4 gastric cancers were histologically evaluated using TSP, KM grade, and GMS. These were correlated with other clinicopathologic factors including patients' survival. High TSP (78 cases), low KM grade (124 cases), and higher GMS (score 0, 72 cases; 1, 53 cases; and 2, 71 cases) were correlated with poor differentiation, diffuse type, presence of lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, and lymph node metastasis. High TSP was significantly correlated with low KM grade (p < 0.001). High TSP (HR, 3.079, 95% CI, 1.612-5.883, p = 0.001), low KM grade (3.201, 1.774-5.776, p < 0.001), and higher GMS (12.274, 3.684-40.895, p < 0.001) were independent poor prognostic factors. TSP, KM grade, and GMS are significantly associated with clinicopathologic behavior and patients' survival. Assessing these factors is a feasible and cost-effective way to identify tumor microenvironment with different biological features and prognosis of gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokyung Ahn
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yang-Seok Chae
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul Hwan Kim
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngseok Lee
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Hyeon Lee
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Young Kim
- Department of Pathology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Seoul, Korea
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Fushida S, Kinoshita J, Oyama K, Fujimura T, Tsukada T, Yamaguchi T, Ninomiya I, Ohta T. Multidisciplinary therapy for scirrhous gastric cancer: a retrospective analysis and proposal of new treatment strategy. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:3833-3839. [PMID: 30288114 PMCID: PMC6161707 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s174950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Scirrhous gastric cancer (SGC) is highly invasive and metastatic because of its interactions with stromal cells, such as fibroblasts and macrophages, and extracellular matrix, leading to a higher incidence of peritoneal metastasis (PM) than other gastric cancers (GCs). Taxane-based intraperitoneal chemotherapy (IPC) is a promising therapy for PM. We retrospectively analyzed outcomes of multidisciplinary therapies that included IPC for SGC. Patients and therapy Of 1,679 GC patients treated between 1990 and 2012, we analyzed 119 patients who underwent multidisciplinary therapy for SGC. Patients without PM received gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy and resection of involved adjacent organs followed by intraoperative IPC using cisplatin. Patients with PM received chemotherapy using fluorouracil, with or without methotrexate plus IPC using cisplatin before 2000, and S-1 plus IPC using paclitaxel or docetaxel since 2000. Results Of the 119 patients, 73 (61%) had PM and 63 (53%) had positive peritoneal lavage cytology. Of the 89 gastrectomy patients, 30 (34%) had macroscopic residual tumors (R2). Of the patients treated since 2000, 66 (100%) received S-1 plus taxanes and 44 patients (67%) received taxane-based IPC. Median survival time was significantly longer in the post-2000 group (22.8 months) than in the pre-2000 group (9.5 months). In univariate analysis, lavage cytology, PM, taxane-based IPC, gastrectomy, and R2 resection were significant prognostic factors. However, only R2 resection was an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis (hazard ratio: 5.53, 95% CI: 2.05–14.93). Conclusion As use of taxane-based IPC is not an independent prognostic factor, new multidisciplinary therapies are necessary to avoid R2 resections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachio Fushida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan,
| | - Jun Kinoshita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan,
| | - Katsunobu Oyama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan,
| | | | - Tomoya Tsukada
- Department of Surgery, Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Takahisa Yamaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan,
| | - Itasu Ninomiya
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan,
| | - Tetsuo Ohta
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan,
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45
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Suzuki M, Yokobori T, Gombodorj N, Yashiro M, Turtoi A, Handa T, Ogata K, Oyama T, Shirabe K, Kuwano H. High stromal transforming growth factor β-induced expression is a novel marker of progression and poor prognosis in gastric cancer. J Surg Oncol 2018; 118:966-974. [DOI: 10.1002/jso.25217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Suzuki
- Department of General Surgical Science; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi Japan
| | - Takehiko Yokobori
- Department of General Surgical Science; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi Japan
- Department of Innovative Cancer Immunotherapy; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi Japan
| | - Navchaa Gombodorj
- Department of General Surgical Science; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Surgical Oncology Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics; Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine; Osaka Japan
| | - Andrei Turtoi
- Institut du Cancer; Montpellier France
- INSERM U1194; Montpellier France
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier; Montpellier France
- Université Montpellier; Montpellier France
| | - Tadashi Handa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi Japan
| | - Kyoichi Ogata
- Department of General Surgical Science; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi Japan
| | - Tetsunari Oyama
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi Japan
| | - Ken Shirabe
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kuwano
- Department of General Surgical Science; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi Japan
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46
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Heterogeneous cancer-associated fibroblast population potentiates neuroendocrine differentiation and castrate resistance in a CD105-dependent manner. Oncogene 2018; 38:716-730. [PMID: 30177832 PMCID: PMC7182071 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0461-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous prostatic carcinoma associated fibroblasts (CAF) contribute to tumor progression and resistance to androgen signaling deprivation therapy (ADT). CAF subjected to extended passaging, compared to low passage CAF, were found to lose tumor expansion potential and heterogeneity. Cell surface endoglin (CD105), known to be expressed on proliferative endothelia and mesenchymal stem cells, was diminished in high passage CAF. RNA-sequencing revealed SFRP1 to be distinctly expressed by tumor-inductive CAF, which was further demonstrated to occur in a CD105-dependent manner. Moreover, ADT resulted in further expansion of the CD105+ fibroblastic population and downstream SFRP1 in 3-dimensional cultures and patient derived xenograft tissues. In patients, CD105+ fibroblasts were found to circumscribe epithelia with neuroendocrine differentiation. CAF-derived SFRP1, driven by CD105 signaling, was necessary and sufficient to induce prostate cancer neuroendocrine differentiation in a paracrine manner. A partially humanized CD105 neutralizing antibody, TRC105, inhibited fibroblastic SFRP1 expression and epithelial neuroendocrine differentiation. In a novel synthetic lethality paradigm, we found that simultaneously targeting the epithelia and its microenvironment with ADT and TRC105, respectively, reduced castrate resistant tumor progression, in a model where either ADT or TRC105 alone had little effect.
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47
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The significance of scirrhous gastric cancer cell lines: the molecular characterization using cell lines and mouse models. Hum Cell 2018; 31:271-281. [PMID: 29876827 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-018-0211-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Scirrhous gastric cancer (SGC) exhibits aggressiveness of the rapid infiltrating tumor cells with abundant fibroblasts. Experimental studies using SGC cell lines have obtained useful information about this cancer. Our literature search divulged a total of 18 SGC cell lines; two cell lines were established from primary SGC and the other lines were established from a metastatic lesion of SGC. Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) and transforming growth factor-beta receptor (TβR) are linked to the rapid development of SGC. Cross-talk between the cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) has been shown to contribute to the progression of SGC. Chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 1 (CXCR1) from SGC cells might be associated with the abundant CAFs in cancer microenvironments. The in vivo models established using SGC cell lines are expected to serve as a useful tool for the development of drugs such as FGFR2 inhibitors, TβR inhibitors, and CXCR1 inhibitors, which might be promising as SGC treatments. However, the number of available SGC cell lines is insufficient for the clarification of the entire biologic behavior of SGC. Since the mechanisms responsible for the characteristic aggressiveness of SGC are not fully elucidated, the establishment of new SGC cell lines could help clarify the biological behavior of SGC and contribute to its treatment.
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48
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Wei M, Yang T, Chen X, Wu Y, Deng X, He W, Yang J, Wang Z. Malignant ascites-derived exosomes promote proliferation and induce carcinoma-associated fibroblasts transition in peritoneal mesothelial cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:42262-42271. [PMID: 28178689 PMCID: PMC5522065 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant ascites-derived exosomes have been demonstrated to participate in tumor metastasis. In peritoneal metastasis, normal mesothelial cells (MCs) can be converted into carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) by mesothelial-mesenchymal transition (MMT). Herein, we evaluated the effect of malignant ascites-derived exosomes on peritoneal MCs in vitro and in vivo experiments to determine whether exosomes could educate MCs and contribute to peritoneal metastasis. Under the treatment of ascites-derived exosomes, peritoneal MCs showed increased ability to proliferate and migrate. Expression of CAFs specific proteins markers in MCs, including fibroblast activation protein (FAP), alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and fibronectin, were increased after treatment of exosomes. In clinical samples test, TGF-β1 was found to be overexpressed in both malignant ascites and malignant ascites-derived exosomes, and the high volume of TGF-β1 may be responsible for peritoneum fibrosis. In addition, exosomes can increase xenograft tumor growth by suppressing the inhibitive ability on tumor cells by MCs. Besides, CAFs specific proteins markers including FAP, α-SMA, and vimentin were increased in clinical peritoneal biopsies. The immunohistochemical staining for mice tumor biopsies also revealed increased expression of fibronectin and FAP, along with decreased expression of E-cadherin and VCAM-1 after exosomes treatment. Thus, malignant ascites-derived exosomes may be of importance in the development of peritoneal metastasis by facilitating MCs to proliferate and convert into CAFs by TGF-β1 induced MMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingtian Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Tinghan Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xiangzheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yangping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xiangbing Deng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Wanbin He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jinliang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Ziqiang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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Zhu Y, Wen L, Shao S, Tan Y, Meng T, Yang X, Liu Y, Liu X, Yuan H, Hu F. Inhibition of tumor-promoting stroma to enforce subsequently targeting AT 1R on tumor cells by pathological inspired micelles. Biomaterials 2018; 161:33-46. [PMID: 29421561 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant, genetically stable stroma cells and localize near blood vessels within "finger-like" collagen-rich stroma, which lead to restrained drug transport in dense stroma instead of tumor cells inside tumor mass, especially for targeting micelles. Meanwhile, the bioactive cytokines secreted by stroma cells result in microenvironment mediated drug resistance (TMDR). Hence, a biologically inspired Telmisartan (Tel) grafting glycolipid micelles (Tel-CSOSA) are constructed, which can sequentially target angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1R) overexpressed on both CAFs and tumor cells. More Tel-CSOSA are demonstrated to specifically accumulate in tumor site compared to CSOSA. In addition, the retention of Tel-CSOSA is primarily prolonged around tumor vessel in virtue of CAFs targeting and the stroma barrier. In contrast, the elimination of "finger-like" ECM resulting from CAFs apoptosis by Tel-CSOSA/DOX contributes to a more uniform and deeper penetration post-administration, which can enforce subsequently tumor cells targeting. Meanwhile, cytokines are decreased along with CAFs apoptosis so that tumor cells are more vulnerable to chemotherapeutics. Collectively, this strategy of sequentially targeting CAFs and tumor cells could synergistically increase antitumor therapy with reversed TMDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhu
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, 1 Zheda Road, Zhoushan, 316021, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Wen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihong Shao
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, 1 Zheda Road, Zhoushan, 316021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanan Tan
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, 1 Zheda Road, Zhoushan, 316021, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Meng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiqin Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yupeng Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuqiang Hu
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, 1 Zheda Road, Zhoushan, 316021, People's Republic of China; College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
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50
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Saito H, Fushida S, Harada S, Miyashita T, Oyama K, Yamaguchi T, Tsukada T, Kinoshita J, Tajima H, Ninomiya I, Ohta T. Importance of human peritoneal mesothelial cells in the progression, fibrosis, and control of gastric cancer: inhibition of growth and fibrosis by tranilast. Gastric Cancer 2018; 21:55-67. [PMID: 28540637 PMCID: PMC5741788 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-017-0726-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scirrhous gastric cancer is an intractable disease with a high incidence of peritoneal dissemination and obstructive symptoms (e.g., ileus, jaundice, and hydronephrosis) arising from accompanying marked fibrosis. Microenvironmental interactions between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts are the suggested cause of the disease. We elucidated the mechanisms of tumor growth and fibrosis using human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) and investigated the effects of tranilast treatment on cells and a xenograft mouse model of fibrosis. METHODS HPMCs were isolated from surgically excised omentum and their interaction with MKN-45 gastric cancer cells was investigated using co-culture. Furthermore, a fibrosis tumor model was developed based on subcutaneous transplantation of co-cultured cells into the dorsal side of nude mice to form large fibrotic tumors. Mice were subsequently treated with or without tranilast. RESULTS The morphology of HPMCs treated with transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 changed from cobblestone to spindle-type. Moreover, E-cadherin was weakly expressed whereas high levels of α-smooth muscle actin expression were observed. TGF-β-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like changes in HPMCs were inhibited in a dose-dependent manner following tranilast treatment through inhibition of Smad2 phosphorylation. In the mouse model, tumor size decreased significantly and fibrosis was inhibited in the tranilast treatment group compared with that in the control group. CONCLUSIONS Tranilast acts on the TGF-β/Smad pathway to inhibit interactions between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts, thereby inhibiting tumor growth and fibrosis. This study supports the hypothesis that tranilast represents a novel strategy to prevent fibrous tumor establishment represented by peritoneal dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Saito
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641 Japan
| | - Sachio Fushida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641 Japan
| | - Shinichi Harada
- Center for Biomedical Research and Education, School of Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641 Japan
| | - Tomoharu Miyashita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641 Japan
| | - Katsunobu Oyama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641 Japan
| | - Takahisa Yamaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641 Japan
| | - Tomoya Tsukada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641 Japan
| | - Jun Kinoshita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641 Japan
| | - Hidehiro Tajima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641 Japan
| | - Itasu Ninomiya
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641 Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ohta
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641 Japan
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