1
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Durand R, Bellanger C, Kervoëlen C, Tessoulin B, Dousset C, Menoret E, Asnagli H, Parker A, Beer P, Pellat-Deceunynck C, Chiron D. Selective pharmacologic targeting of CTPS1 shows single-agent activity and synergizes with BCL2 inhibition in aggressive mantle cell lymphoma. Haematologica 2024; 109:2574-2584. [PMID: 38385294 PMCID: PMC11290505 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2023.284345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Innovative therapeutic strategies have emerged over the past decade to improve outcomes for most lymphoma patients. Nevertheless, the aggressive presentation seen in high-risk mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) patients remains an unmet medical need. The highly proliferative cells that characterize these tumors depend on nucleotide synthesis to ensure high DNA replication and RNA synthesis. To take advantage of this vulnerability, STP-B, a clinically available small molecule selectively targeting CTP synthase 1 (CTPS1) has been recently developed. CTPS1 is a key enzyme of the pyrimidine synthesis pathway mediated through its unique ability to provide enough CTP in highly proliferating cells. Herein, we demonstrated that CTPS1 was expressed in all MCL cells, and that its high expression was associated with unfavorable outcomes for patients treated with chemotherapy. Using aggressive MCL models characterized by blastoid morphology, TP53 mutation or polyresistance to targeted therapies, we showed that STP-B was highly effective at nanomolar concentrations in vitro and in vivo, irrespective of these high-risk features. Inhibition of CTPS1 rapidly leads to cell cycle arrest in early S-phase accompanied by inhibition of translation, including of the anti-apoptotic protein MCL1. Consequently, CTPS1 inhibition induced synergistic cell death in combination with the selective BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax, both in vitro and in vivo. Overall, our study identified CTPS1 as a promising target for MCL patients and provided a mechanism-based combination with the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax for the design of future chemotherapy-free treatment regimens to overcome resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romane Durand
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CNRS, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, Nantes
| | - Céline Bellanger
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CNRS, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, Nantes
| | | | - Benoit Tessoulin
- Nantes Université, CHU de Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, Nantes
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David Chiron
- Nantes Université, Inserm, CNRS, Université d'Angers, CRCI2NA, Nantes.
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2
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Leblay N, Ahn S, Tilmont R, Poorebrahim M, Maity R, Lee H, Barakat E, Alberge JB, Sinha S, Jaffer A, Barwick BG, Boise LH, Bahlis N, Neri P. Integrated epigenetic and transcriptional single-cell analysis of t(11;14) multiple myeloma and its BCL2 dependency. Blood 2024; 143:42-56. [PMID: 37729611 PMCID: PMC10797556 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023020276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The translocation t(11;14) occurs in 20% of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and results in the upregulation of CCND1. Nearly two-thirds of t(11;14) MM cells are BCL2 primed and highly responsive to the oral BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax. Although it is evident that this unique sensitivity to venetoclax depends on the Bcl-2 homology domain 3- proapoptotic protein priming of BCL2, the biology underlying t(11;14) MM dependency on BCL2 is poorly defined. Importantly, the epigenetic regulation of t(11;14) transcriptomes and its impact on gene regulation and clinical response to venetoclax remain elusive. In this study, by integrating assay for transposase-accessible chromatin by sequencing (ATAC-seq) and RNA-seq at the single-cell level in primary MM samples, we have defined the epigenetic regulome and transcriptome associated with t(11;14) MM. A B-cell-like epigenetic signature was enriched in t(11;14) MM, confirming its phylogeny link to B-cell rather than plasma cell biology. Of note, a loss of a B-cell-like epigenetic signature with a gain of canonical plasma cell transcription factors was observed at the time of resistance to venetoclax. In addition, MCL1 and BCL2L1 copy number gains and structural rearrangements were linked to venetoclax resistance in patients with t(11;14) MM. To date, this is the first study in which both single-cell (sc) ATAC-seq and scRNA-seq analysis are integrated into primary MM cells to obtain a deeper resolution of the epigenetic regulome and transcriptome associated with t(11;14) MM biology and venetoclax resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Leblay
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sungwoo Ahn
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Rémi Tilmont
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mansour Poorebrahim
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ranjan Maity
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Holly Lee
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Elie Barakat
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Sarthak Sinha
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Arzina Jaffer
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Benjamin G. Barwick
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Lawrence H. Boise
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Nizar Bahlis
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Paola Neri
- Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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3
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Gao X, Jin Y, Zhu W, Wu X, Wang J, Guo C. Regulation of Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 4E as a Potential Anticancer Strategy. J Med Chem 2023; 66:12678-12696. [PMID: 37725577 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs) are highly expressed in cancer cells, especially eIF4E, the central regulatory node driving cancer cell growth and a potential target for anticancer drugs. eIF4E-targeting strategies primarily focus on inhibiting eIF4E synthesis, interfering with eIF4E/eIF4G interactions, and targeting eIF4E phosphorylation and peptide inhibitors. Although some small-molecule inhibitors are in clinical trials, no eIF4E inhibitors are available for clinical use. We provide an overview of the regulatory mechanisms of eIF4E and summarize the progress in developing and discovering eIF4E inhibitor strategies. We propose that interference with eIF4E/eIF4G interactions will provide a new perspective for the design of eIF4E inhibitors and may be a preferred strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintao Gao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Yonglong Jin
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Wenyong Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266035, China
| | - Xiaochen Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Biology Science and Technology, Baotou Teacher's College, Baotou 014030, China
| | - Chuanlong Guo
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
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4
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Therapeutic targeting of eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4E. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:113-124. [PMID: 36661272 DOI: 10.1042/bst20220285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Fundamental studies unraveled the role of eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4E in mRNA translation and its control. Under physiological conditions, regulation of translation by eIF4E is essential to cellular homeostasis. Under stress, gene flow information is parsed by eIF4E to support adaptive mechanisms that favor cell survival. Dysregulated eIF4E activity fuels tumor formation and progression and modulates response to therapy. Thus, there has been heightened interest in understanding eIF4E function in controlling gene expression as well as developing strategies to block its activity to treat disease.
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5
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Romagnoli A, Di Marino D. The Use of Peptides in the Treatment of Fragile X Syndrome: Challenges and Opportunities. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:754485. [PMID: 34803767 PMCID: PMC8599826 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.754485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is the most frequent cause of inherited intellectual disabilities and autism spectrum disorders, characterized by cognitive deficits and autistic behaviors. The silencing of the Fmr1 gene and consequent lack of FMRP protein, is the major contribution to FXS pathophysiology. FMRP is an RNA binding protein involved in the maturation and plasticity of synapses and its absence culminates in a range of morphological, synaptic and behavioral phenotypes. Currently, there are no approved medications for the treatment of FXS, with the approaches under study being fairly specific and unsatisfying in human trials. Here we propose peptides/peptidomimetics as candidates in the pharmacotherapy of FXS; in the last years this class of molecules has catalyzed the attention of pharmaceutical research, being highly selective and well-tolerated. Thanks to their ability to target protein-protein interactions (PPIs), they are already being tested for a wide range of diseases, including cancer, diabetes, inflammation, Alzheimer's disease, but this approach has never been applied to FXS. As FXS is at the forefront of efforts to develop new drugs and approaches, we discuss opportunities, challenges and potential issues of peptides/peptidomimetics in FXS drug design and development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniele Di Marino
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, New York-Marche Structural Biology Center (NY-MaSBiC), Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
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6
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Nishida Y, Zhao R, Heese LE, Akiyama H, Patel S, Jaeger AM, Jacamo RO, Kojima K, Ma MCJ, Ruvolo VR, Chachad D, Devine W, Lindquist S, Davis RE, Porco JA, Whitesell L, Andreeff M, Ishizawa J. Inhibition of translation initiation factor eIF4a inactivates heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) and exerts anti-leukemia activity in AML. Leukemia 2021; 35:2469-2481. [PMID: 34127794 PMCID: PMC8764661 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01308-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A (eIF4A), the enzymatic core of the eIF4F complex essential for translation initiation, plays a key role in the oncogenic reprogramming of protein synthesis, and thus is a putative therapeutic target in cancer. As important component of its anticancer activity, inhibition of translation initiation can alleviate oncogenic activation of HSF1, a stress-inducible transcription factor that enables cancer cell growth and survival. Here, we show that primary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells exhibit the highest transcript levels of eIF4A1 compared to other cancer types. eIF4A inhibition by the potent and specific compound rohinitib (RHT) inactivated HSF1 in these cells, and exerted pronounced in vitro and in vivo anti-leukemia effects against progenitor and leukemia-initiating cells, especially those with FLT3-internal tandem duplication (ITD). In addition to its own anti-leukemic activity, genetic knockdown of HSF1 also sensitized FLT3-mutant AML cells to clinical FLT3 inhibitors, and this synergy was conserved in FLT3 double-mutant cells carrying both ITD and tyrosine kinase domain mutations. Consistently, the combination of RHT and FLT3 inhibitors was highly synergistic in primary FLT3-mutated AML cells. Our results provide a novel therapeutic rationale for co-targeting eIF4A and FLT3 to address the clinical challenge of treating FLT3-mutant AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nishida
- Department of Leukemia, Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ran Zhao
- Department of Leukemia, Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lauren E. Heese
- Department of Leukemia, Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hiroki Akiyama
- Department of Leukemia, Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shreya Patel
- Department of Leukemia, Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alex M. Jaeger
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rodrigo O. Jacamo
- Department of Leukemia, Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kensuke Kojima
- Department of Leukemia, Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA,Department of Hematology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Man Chun John Ma
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vivian R. Ruvolo
- Department of Leukemia, Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dhruv Chachad
- Department of Leukemia, Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - William Devine
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susan Lindquist
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - R. Eric Davis
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John A. Porco
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Luke Whitesell
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA,Present address: Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Andreeff
- Department of Leukemia, Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jo Ishizawa
- Department of Leukemia, Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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7
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Protein Translation Inhibition is Involved in the Activity of the Pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor PIM447 in Combination with Pomalidomide-Dexamethasone in Multiple Myeloma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102743. [PMID: 32987735 PMCID: PMC7598606 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proviral Insertion site for Moloney murine leukemia virus (PIM) kinases are overexpressed in hematologic malignancies, including multiple myeloma. Previous preclinical data from our group demonstrated the anti-myeloma effect of the pan-PIM kinase inhibitor PIM447. METHODS Based on those data, we evaluate here, by in vitro and in vivo studies, the activity of the triple combination of PIM447 + pomalidomide + dexamethasone (PIM-Pd) in multiple myeloma. RESULTS Our results show that the PIM-Pd combination exerts a potent anti-myeloma effect in vitro and in vivo, where it markedly delays tumor growth and prolongs survival of treated mice. Mechanism of action studies performed in vitro and on mice tumor samples suggest that the combination PIM-Pd inhibits protein translation processes through the convergent inhibition of c-Myc and mTORC1, which subsequently disrupts the function of eIF4E. Interestingly the MM pro-survival factor IRF4 is also downregulated after PIM-Pd treatment. As a whole, all these molecular changes would promote cell cycle arrest and deregulation of metabolic pathways, including glycolysis and lipid biosynthesis, leading to inhibition of myeloma cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our data support the clinical evaluation of the triple combination PIM-Pd for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma.
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8
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Cosialls AM, Sánchez-Vera I, Pomares H, Perramon-Andújar J, Sanchez-Esteban S, Palmeri CM, Iglesias-Serret D, Saura-Esteller J, Núñez-Vázquez S, Lavilla R, González-Barca EM, Pons G, Gil J. The BCL-2 family members NOXA and BIM mediate fluorizoline-induced apoptosis in multiple myeloma cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 180:114198. [PMID: 32798467 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fluorizoline is a new synthetic molecule that induces apoptosis by selectively targeting prohibitins. In this study, we have assessed the pro-apoptotic effect of fluorizoline in 3 different multiple myeloma cell lines and 12 primary samples obtained from treatment-naïve multiple myeloma patients. Fluorizoline induced apoptosis in both multiple myeloma cell lines and primary samples at concentrations in the low micromolar range. All primary samples were sensitive to fluorizoline. Moreover, fluorizoline increased the mRNA and protein levels of the pro-apoptotic BCL-2 family member NOXA both in cell lines and primary samples analyzed. Finally, NOXA-depletion by CRISPR/Cas9 in cells that do not express BIM conferred resistance to fluorizoline-induced apoptosis in multiple myeloma cells. These results suggest that targeting prohibitins could be a new therapeutic strategy for myeloma multiple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Cosialls
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Oncobell-IDIBELL (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ismael Sánchez-Vera
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Oncobell-IDIBELL (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Helena Pomares
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Oncobell-IDIBELL (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Servei d'Hematologia Clínica, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Oncobell-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judit Perramon-Andújar
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Oncobell-IDIBELL (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Sanchez-Esteban
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Oncobell-IDIBELL (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudia M Palmeri
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Oncobell-IDIBELL (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Iglesias-Serret
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Oncobell-IDIBELL (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic- UCC), Vic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Saura-Esteller
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Oncobell-IDIBELL (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Núñez-Vázquez
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Oncobell-IDIBELL (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Lavilla
- Laboratory of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences and Institute of Medicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva M González-Barca
- Servei d'Hematologia Clínica, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Oncobell-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gabriel Pons
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Oncobell-IDIBELL (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Gil
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Oncobell-IDIBELL (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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9
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Pham TN, Spaulding C, Munshi HG. Controlling TIME: How MNK Kinases Function to Shape Tumor Immunity. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082096. [PMID: 32731503 PMCID: PMC7465005 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of studies have clearly established the oncogenic role for MAPK-interacting protein kinases (MNK) in human malignancies. Modulation of MNK activity affects translation of mRNAs involved in cancer development, progression, and resistance to therapies. As a result, there are ongoing efforts to develop and evaluate MNK inhibitors for cancer treatment. However, it is important to recognize that MNK activity also plays an important role in regulating the innate and adaptive immune systems. A better understanding of the role of MNK kinases and MNK-mediated signals in regulating the immune system could help mitigate undesired side effects while maximizing therapeutic efficacy of MNK inhibitors. Here, we provide a systematic review on the function of MNK kinases and their substrates in immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao N.D. Pham
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Correspondence: (T.N.D.P.); (H.G.M.); Tel.: +312-503-0312 (T.N.D.P.); +312-503-2301 (H.G.M.)
| | - Christina Spaulding
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Hidayatullah G. Munshi
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Correspondence: (T.N.D.P.); (H.G.M.); Tel.: +312-503-0312 (T.N.D.P.); +312-503-2301 (H.G.M.)
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10
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Electron transport chain activity is a predictor and target for venetoclax sensitivity in multiple myeloma. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1228. [PMID: 32144272 PMCID: PMC7060223 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15051-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The BCL-2 antagonist venetoclax is highly effective in multiple myeloma (MM) patients exhibiting the 11;14 translocation, the mechanistic basis of which is unknown. In evaluating cellular energetics and metabolism of t(11;14) and non-t(11;14) MM, we determine that venetoclax-sensitive myeloma has reduced mitochondrial respiration. Consistent with this, low electron transport chain (ETC) Complex I and Complex II activities correlate with venetoclax sensitivity. Inhibition of Complex I, using IACS-010759, an orally bioavailable Complex I inhibitor in clinical trials, as well as succinate ubiquinone reductase (SQR) activity of Complex II, using thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTFA) or introduction of SDHC R72C mutant, independently sensitize resistant MM to venetoclax. We demonstrate that ETC inhibition increases BCL-2 dependence and the ‘primed’ state via the ATF4-BIM/NOXA axis. Further, SQR activity correlates with venetoclax sensitivity in patient samples irrespective of t(11;14) status. Use of SQR activity in a functional-biomarker informed manner may better select for MM patients responsive to venetoclax therapy. Venetoclax monotherapy is effective in 40% of t(11:14) positive multiple myeloma (MM). Here, the authors show that electron transport chain complex I (CI) and complex II (CII) activity predict MM sensitivity to venetoclax, and inhibition of CI with IACS-010759 or CII with TTFA increase sensitivity.
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11
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The ERK-MNK-eIF4F signaling pathway mediates TPDHT-induced A549 cell death in vitro and in vivo. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 137:111158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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12
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Ahmad Z, Jacobson BA, McDonald MW, Vattendahl Vidal N, Vattendahl Vidal G, Chen S, Dillenburg M, Okon AM, Patel MR, Wagner CR, Kratzke RA. Repression of oncogenic cap-mediated translation by 4Ei-10 diminishes proliferation, enhances chemosensitivity and alters expression of malignancy-related proteins in mesothelioma. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2020; 85:425-432. [PMID: 31974652 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-020-04029-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Activated cap-dependent translation promotes cancer by stimulating translation of mRNAs encoding malignancy-promoting proteins. The nucleoside monophosphate Protide, 4Ei-10, undergoes intracellular uptake and conversion by Hint1 to form 7-Cl-Ph-Ethyl-GMP. 7-Cl-Ph-Ethyl-GMP is an analog of cap and inhibits protein translation by binding and sequestering eIF4E thus blocking eIF4E from binding to the mRNA cap. The effects of inhibiting translation initiation by disruption of the eIF4F complex with 4Ei-10 were examined in malignant mesothelioma (MM). In a cell-free assay system, formation of the eIF4F complex was disabled in response to exposure to 4Ei-10. Treatment of MM with 4Ei-10 resulted in decreased cell proliferation, increased sensitivity to pemetrexed and altered expression of malignancy-related proteins. In light of these findings, suppression of translation initiation by small molecule inhibitors like 4Ei-10 alone or in combination with pemetrexed represents an encouraging strategy meriting further evaluation in the treatment of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Ahmad
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Blake A Jacobson
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Maxwell Dillenburg
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Aniekan M Okon
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Manish R Patel
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Carston R Wagner
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Robert A Kratzke
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. .,Division of Heme-Onc-Transplant, University of Minnesota Medical School, MMC 480, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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13
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Wang L, Guo C, Li X, Yu X, Li X, Xu K, Jiang B, Jia X, Li C, Shi D. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of bromophenol-thiazolylhydrazone hybrids inhibiting the interaction of translation initiation factors eIF4E/eIF4G as multifunctional agents for cancer treatment. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 177:153-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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14
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Gallagher EE, Song JM, Menon A, Mishra LD, Chmiel AF, Garner AL. Consideration of Binding Kinetics in the Design of Stapled Peptide Mimics of the Disordered Proteins Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 4E-Binding Protein 1 and Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 4G. J Med Chem 2019; 62:4967-4978. [PMID: 31033289 PMCID: PMC6679956 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein disorder plays a crucial role in signal transduction and is key for many cellular processes including transcription, translation, and cell cycle. Within the intrinsically disordered protein interactome, the α-helix is commonly used for binding, which is induced via a disorder-to-order transition. Because the targeting of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) remains an important challenge in medicinal chemistry, efforts have been made to mimic this secondary structure for rational inhibitor design through the use of stapled peptides. Cap-dependent mRNA translation is regulated by two disordered proteins, 4E-BP1 and eIF4G, that inhibit or stimulate the activity of the m7G cap-binding translation initiation factor, eIF4E, respectively. Both use an α-helical motif for eIF4E binding, warranting the investigation of stapled peptide mimics for manipulating eIF4E PPIs. Herein, we describe our efforts toward this goal, resulting in the synthesis of a cell-active stapled peptide for further development in manipulating aberrant cap-dependent translation in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E Gallagher
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , University of Michigan , 1600 Huron Parkway, NCRC B520 , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - James M Song
- Program in Chemical Biology , University of Michigan , 210 Washtenaw Avenue , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Arya Menon
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , University of Michigan , 1600 Huron Parkway, NCRC B520 , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Lauren D Mishra
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , University of Michigan , 1600 Huron Parkway, NCRC B520 , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Alyah F Chmiel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , University of Michigan , 1600 Huron Parkway, NCRC B520 , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Amanda L Garner
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , University of Michigan , 1600 Huron Parkway, NCRC B520 , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
- Program in Chemical Biology , University of Michigan , 210 Washtenaw Avenue , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
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15
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Mitchell DC, Menon A, Garner AL. Chemoproteomic Profiling Uncovers CDK4-Mediated Phosphorylation of the Translational Suppressor 4E-BP1. Cell Chem Biol 2019; 26:980-990.e8. [PMID: 31056462 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Recent estimates of the human proteome suggest there are ∼20,000 protein-coding genes, the protein products of which contain >145,000 phosphosites. Unfortunately, in-depth examination of the human phosphoproteome has outpaced the ability to annotate the kinases that mediate these post-translational modifications. To obtain actionable information about phosphorylation-driven signaling cascades, it is essential to identify the kinases responsible for phosphorylating sites that differ across disease states. To fill in these gaps we have developed an unbiased, chemoproteomic approach for identifying high-confidence kinase-substrate interactions with phosphosite specificity. Using this assay, we uncovered the role of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), a clinically validated kinase important for cell-cycle progression, in regulating cap-dependent translation via phosphorylation of the tumor suppressor 4E-BP1. The discovery of this signaling axis sheds light on the mechanisms by which CDK4/6 inhibitors control cell proliferation and constitutes a successful example of kinase discovery using an activity-based, kinase-directed probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan C Mitchell
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Arya Menon
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Amanda L Garner
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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16
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De A, Jacobson BA, Peterson MS, Stelzner ME, Jay-Dixon J, Kratzke MG, Patel MR, Bitterman PB, Kratzke RA. Inhibition of oncogenic cap-dependent translation by 4EGI-1 reduces growth, enhances chemosensitivity and alters genome-wide translation in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Gene Ther 2018; 26:157-165. [DOI: 10.1038/s41417-018-0058-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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17
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Chu J, Pelletier J. Therapeutic Opportunities in Eukaryotic Translation. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2018; 10:cshperspect.a032995. [PMID: 29440069 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a032995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The ability to block biological processes with selective small molecules provides advantages distinct from most other experimental approaches. These include rapid time to onset, swift reversibility, ability to probe activities in manners that cannot be accessed by genetic means, and the potential to be further developed as therapeutic agents. Small molecule inhibitors can also be used to alter expression and activity without affecting the stoichiometry of interacting partners. These tenets have been especially evident in the field of translation. Small molecule inhibitors were instrumental in enabling investigators to capture short-lived complexes and characterize specific steps of protein synthesis. In addition, several drugs that are the mainstay of modern antimicrobial drug therapy are potent inhibitors of prokaryotic translation. Currently, there is much interest in targeting eukaryotic translation as decades of research have revealed that deregulated protein synthesis in cancer cells represents a targetable vulnerability. In addition to being potential therapeutics, small molecules that manipulate translation have also been shown to influence cognitive processes such as memory. In this review, we focus on small molecule modulators that target the eukaryotic translation initiation apparatus and provide an update on their potential application to the treatment of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Chu
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Jerry Pelletier
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada.,Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada.,Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
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18
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Induction of the p53 Tumor Suppressor in Cancer Cells through Inhibition of Cap-Dependent Translation. Mol Cell Biol 2018; 38:MCB.00367-17. [PMID: 29483299 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00367-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The p53 tumor suppressor plays a critical role in protecting normal cells from malignant transformation. Development of small molecules to reactivate p53 in cancer cells has been an area of intense research. We previously identified an internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) within the 5' untranslated region of p53 mRNA that mediates translation of the p53 mRNA independent of cap-dependent translation. Our results also show that in response to DNA damage, cells switch from cap-dependent translation to cap-independent translation of p53 mRNA. In the present study, we discovered a specific inhibitor of cap-dependent translation, 4EGI-1, that is capable of inducing the accumulation of p53 in cancer cells retaining wild-type p53. Our results show that 4EGI-1 causes an increase in p53 IRES activity, leading to increased translation of p53 mRNA. We also observed that 4EGI-1 induces cancer cell apoptosis in a p53-dependent manner. Furthermore, 4EGI-1 induces p53 in cancer cells without causing DNA double-strand breaks. In conclusion, we discovered a mechanistic link between inhibition of cap-dependent translation and enhanced p53 accumulation. This leads to apoptosis of cancer cells without causing collateral damage to normal cells, thus providing a novel and effective therapeutic strategy for cancer.
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19
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Wang W, Li J, Wen Q, Luo J, Chu S, Chen L, Qing Z, Xie G, Xu L, Alnemah MM, Li M, Fan S, Zhang H. 4EGI-1 induces apoptosis and enhances radiotherapy sensitivity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via DR5 induction on 4E-BP1 dephosphorylation. Oncotarget 2017; 7:21728-41. [PMID: 26942880 PMCID: PMC5008318 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The eIF4F complex regulated by a various group of eIF4E-binding proteins (4E-BPs) can initial the protein synthesis. Small molecule compound 4EGI-1, an inhibitor of the cap-dependent translation initiation through disturbing the interaction between eIF4E and eIF4G which are main elements of the eIF4E complex, has been reported to suppress cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis in many types of cancer. And death receptor 5 (DR5) is a major component in the extrinsic apoptotic pathway. However, the correlation among 4EGI-1, DR5 and 4E-BPs have not been discovered in NPC now. Therefore, we intend to find out the effect of 4EGI-1 on the apoptosis process of NPC and the relationship among 4EGI-1, DR5 and 4E-BPs. Our results revealed a significant down regulation of DR5 expression in NPC tissues, which inversely correlated with lymph node metastasis status and clinical stages. Depressed DR5 expression was an independent biomarker for poor prognosis in NPC, and elevated DR5 expression showed longer overall survival time in 174 NPC patients. Besides, 4EGI-1 induced apoptosis in NPC cells through the DR5-caspase-8 axis on 4E-BP1 and eIF4E dephosphorylation exerting positive influence on their anti-tumor activities. The induction of DR5 also sensitized NPC cells to radiotherapy, and the SER was 1.195. These results establish the death receptor pathway as a novel anticancer mechanism of eIF4E/eIF4G interaction inhibitor in NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiuyuan Wen
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiadi Luo
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuzhou Chu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lingjiao Chen
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenzhen Qing
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guiyuan Xie
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lina Xu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mohannad Ma Alnemah
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Meirong Li
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Songqing Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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20
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De A, Jacobson BA, Peterson MS, Jay-Dixon J, Kratzke MG, Sadiq AA, Patel MR, Kratzke RA. 4EGI-1 represses cap-dependent translation and regulates genome-wide translation in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Invest New Drugs 2017; 36:217-229. [PMID: 29116477 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-017-0535-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Deregulation of cap-dependent translation has been implicated in the malignant transformation of numerous human tissues. 4EGI-1, a novel small-molecule inhibitor of cap-dependent translation, disrupts formation of the eukaryotic initiation factor 4F (eIF4F) complex. The effects of 4EGI-1-mediated inhibition of translation initiation in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) were examined. 4EGI-1 preferentially inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis in MPM cells compared to normal mesothelial (LP9) cells. This effect was associated with hypophosphorylation of 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) and decreased protein levels of the cancer-related genes, c-myc and osteopontin. 4EGI-1 showed enhanced cytotoxicity in combination with pemetrexed or gemcitabine. Translatome-wide polysome microarray analysis revealed a large cohort of genes that were translationally regulated upon treatment with 4EGI-1. The 4EGI-1-regulated translatome was negatively correlated to a previously published translatome regulated by eIF4E overexpression in human mammary epithelial cells, which is in agreement with the notion that 4EGI-1 inhibits the eIF4F complex. These data indicate that inhibition of the eIF4F complex by 4EGI-1 or similar translation inhibitors could be a strategy for treating mesothelioma. Genome wide translational profiling identified a large cohort of promising target genes that should be further evaluated for their potential significance in the treatment of MPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita De
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Blake A Jacobson
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mark S Peterson
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Joe Jay-Dixon
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Marian G Kratzke
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ahad A Sadiq
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Manish R Patel
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Robert A Kratzke
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. .,Division of Heme-Onc-Transplant, University of Minnesota Medical School, MMC 480, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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21
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Ali MU, Ur Rahman MS, Jia Z, Jiang C. Eukaryotic translation initiation factors and cancer. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317709805. [PMID: 28653885 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317709805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent technological advancements have shown tremendous mechanistic accomplishments in our understanding of the mechanism of messenger RNA translation in eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic messenger RNA translation is very complex process that includes four phases (initiation, elongation, termination, and ribosome recycling) and diverse mechanisms involving protein and non-protein molecules. Translation regulation is principally achieved during initiation step of translation, which is organized by multiple eukaryotic translation initiation factors. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor proteins help in stabilizing the formation of the functional ribosome around the start codon and provide regulatory mechanisms in translation initiation. Dysregulated messenger RNA translation is a common feature of tumorigenesis. Various oncogenic and tumor suppressive genes affect/are affected by the translation machinery, making the components of the translation apparatus promising therapeutic targets for the novel anticancer drug. This review provides details on the role of eukaryotic translation initiation factors in messenger RNA translation initiation, their contribution to onset and progression of tumor, and how dysregulated eukaryotic translation initiation factors can be used as a target to treat carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umar Ali
- 1 Clinical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Saif Ur Rahman
- 1 Clinical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Jia
- 2 Institute of Occupational Diseases, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cao Jiang
- 1 Clinical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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22
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The current overview will summarize some of the developments in the area of protein translation, including their relation to the therapeutic targeting of prostate cancer. RECENT FINDINGS Translational control, mediated by the rate-limiting eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), drives selective translation of several oncogenic proteins, thereby contributing to tumor growth, metastasis, and treatment resistance in various cancers, including prostate cancer. As an essential regulatory hub, several oncogenic hyperactive signaling pathways appear to converge on eIF4E to promote tumorigenesis. Several approaches that target the eIF4E-dependent protein translation network are being actively studied, and it is likely that some may ultimately emerge as promising anticancer therapeutics. SUMMARY An array of inhibitors has shown promise in targeting specific components of the translational machinery in several preclinical models of prostate cancer. It is hoped that some of these approaches may ultimately have relevance in improving the clinical outcomes of patients with advanced prostate cancer.
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23
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Malka-Mahieu H, Newman M, Désaubry L, Robert C, Vagner S. Molecular Pathways: The eIF4F Translation Initiation Complex-New Opportunities for Cancer Treatment. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 23:21-25. [PMID: 27789529 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-2362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The eIF4F complex regulates the cap-dependent mRNA translation process. It is becoming increasingly evident that aberrant activity of this complex is observed in many cancers, leading to the selective synthesis of proteins involved in tumor growth and metastasis. The selective translation of cellular mRNAs controlled by this complex also contributes to resistance to cancer treatments, and downregulation of the eIF4F complex components can restore sensitivity to various cancer therapies. Here, we review the contribution of the eIF4F complex to tumorigenesis, with a focus on its role in chemoresistance as well as the promising use of new small-molecule inhibitors of the complex, including flavaglines/rocaglates, hippuristanol, and pateamine A. Clin Cancer Res; 23(1); 21-25. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Malka-Mahieu
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 3348, Orsay, France.,Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3348, Orsay, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Michelle Newman
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 3348, Orsay, France.,Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3348, Orsay, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Désaubry
- Laboratory of Therapeutic Innovation (UMR 7200), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg-CNRS, Illkirch, France.,Sino-French Joint Lab of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Caroline Robert
- INSERM U981, Villejuif, France. .,Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Stéphan Vagner
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 3348, Orsay, France. .,Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3348, Orsay, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Paris, France.,INSERM U981, Villejuif, France.,Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
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24
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Li S, Fu J, Lu C, Mapara MY, Raza S, Hengst U, Lentzsch S. Elevated Translation Initiation Factor eIF4E Is an Attractive Therapeutic Target in Multiple Myeloma. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:711-9. [PMID: 26939700 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
eIF4E is the key regulator of protein translation and critical for translation. The oncogenic potential of tumorigenesis, which is highly contingent on cap-dependent eIF4E, also arises from the critical role in the nuclear export and cytosolic translation of oncogenic transcripts. Inhibition of Exportin1 (XPO1), which is the major nuclear export protein for eIF4E-bound oncoprotein mRNAs, results in decreased tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that eIF4E is critical in multiple myeloma. Indeed, we found that eIF4E is overexpressed in myeloma cell lines and primary myeloma cells compared with normal plasma cells. Although stable overexpression of eIF4E in multiple myeloma cells significantly increases tumorigenesis, knockdown of eIF4E impairs multiple myeloma tumor progression in a human xenograft mouse model. Using a tet-on-inducible eIF4E-knockdown system, eIF4E downregulation blocks multiple myeloma tumor growth in vivo, correlating with decreased eIF4E expression. Further overexpression and knockdown of eIF4E revealed that eIF4E regulates translation of mRNAs with highly complex 5'-untranslated regions, such as c-MYC and C/EBPβ, and subsequently proliferation in multiple myeloma cells, but not in nonmalignant bone marrow stromal cells. Because many transcription factors that are critical for multiple myeloma proliferation exhibit a higher dependency on protein translation, eIF4E is an ideal and selective tool to target multiple myeloma cell growth. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(4); 711-9. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirong Li
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Jing Fu
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Caisheng Lu
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Markus Y Mapara
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Shahzad Raza
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Ulrich Hengst
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Suzanne Lentzsch
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York.
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25
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4EBP1/c-MYC/PUMA and NF-κB/EGR1/BIM pathways underlie cytotoxicity of mTOR dual inhibitors in malignant lymphoid cells. Blood 2016; 127:2711-22. [PMID: 26917778 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-02-629485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a kinase that regulates proliferation and apoptosis, has been extensively evaluated as a therapeutic target in multiple malignancies. Rapamycin analogs, which partially inhibit mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1), exhibit immunosuppressive and limited antitumor activity, but sometimes activate survival pathways through feedback mechanisms involving mTORC2. Thus, attention has turned to agents targeting both mTOR complexes by binding the mTOR active site. Here we show that disruption of either mTOR-containing complex is toxic to acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) cells and identify 2 previously unrecognized pathways leading to this cell death. Inhibition of mTORC1-mediated 4EBP1 phosphorylation leads to decreased expression of c-MYC and subsequent upregulation of the proapoptotic BCL2 family member PUMA, whereas inhibition of mTORC2 results in nuclear factor-κB-mediated expression of the Early Growth Response 1 (EGR1) gene, which encodes a transcription factor that binds and transactivates the proapoptotic BCL2L11 locus encoding BIM. Importantly, 1 or both pathways contribute to death of malignant lymphoid cells after treatment with dual mTORC1/mTORC2 inhibitors. Collectively, these observations not only provide new insight into the survival roles of mTOR in lymphoid malignancies, but also identify alterations that potentially modulate the action of mTOR dual inhibitors in ALL.
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26
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Abstract
The translation initiation factor eIF4E mediates a rate-limiting process that drives selective translation of many oncongenic proteins such as cyclin D1, survivin and VEGF, thereby contributing to tumour growth, metastasis and therapy resistance. As an essential regulatory hub in cancer signalling network, many oncogenic signalling pathways appear to converge on eIF4E. Therefore, targeting eIF4E-mediated cap-dependent translation is considered a promising anticancer strategy. This paper reviews the strategies that can be used to target eIF4E, highlighting agents that target eIF4E activity at each distinct level.
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27
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Yi T, Kabha E, Papadopoulos E, Wagner G. 4EGI-1 targets breast cancer stem cells by selective inhibition of translation that persists in CSC maintenance, proliferation and metastasis. Oncotarget 2015; 5:6028-37. [PMID: 25115391 PMCID: PMC4171610 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer death is a leading cause of global mortality. An estimated 14.1 million new cancer cases and 8.2 million cancer deaths occurred worldwide in 2012 alone. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) within tumors are essential for tumor metastasis and reoccurrence, the key factors of cancer lethality. Here we report that 4EGI-1, an inhibitor of the interaction between translation initiation factors eIF4E1 and eIF4G1 effectively inhibits breast CSCs through selectively reducing translation persistent in breast CSCs. Translation initiation factor eIF4E1 is significantly enhanced in breast CSCs in comparison to non-CSC breast cancer cells. 4EGI-1 presents increased cytotoxicity to breast CSCs compared to non-CSC breast cancer cells. 4EGI-1 promotes breast CSC differentiation and represses breast CSC induced tube-like structure formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). 4EGI-1 isomers suppress breast CSC tumorangiogenesis and tumor growth in vivo. In addition, 4EGI-1 decreases proliferation in and induces apoptosis into breast CSC tumor cells. Furthermore, 4EGI-1 selectively inhibits translation of mRNAs encoding NANOG, OCT4, CXCR4, c-MYC and VEGF in breast CSC tumors. Our study demonstrated that 4EGI-1 targets breast CSCs through selective inhibition of translation critical for breast CSCs, suggesting that selective translation initiation interference might be an avenue targeting CSCs within tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingfang Yi
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Eihab Kabha
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Evangelos Papadopoulos
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Gerhard Wagner
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Yang X, Dong QF, Li LW, Huo JL, Li PQ, Fei Z, Zhen HN. The cap-translation inhibitor 4EGI-1 induces mitochondrial dysfunction via regulation of mitochondrial dynamic proteins in human glioma U251 cells. Neurochem Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2015.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Translational control plays a critical role in the regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes and affects many essential cellular processes, including proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation. Under most circumstances, translational control occurs at the initiation step at which the ribosome is recruited to the mRNA. The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), as part of the eIF4F complex, interacts first with the mRNA and facilitates the recruitment of the 40S ribosomal subunit. The activity of eIF4E is regulated at many levels, most profoundly by two major signalling pathways: PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase)/Akt (also known and Protein Kinase B, PKB)/mTOR (mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin) and Ras (rat sarcoma)/MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase)/Mnk (MAPK-interacting kinases). mTOR directly phosphorylates the 4E-BPs (eIF4E-binding proteins), which are inhibitors of eIF4E, to relieve translational suppression, whereas Mnk phosphorylates eIF4E to stimulate translation. Hyperactivation of these pathways occurs in the majority of cancers, which results in increased eIF4E activity. Thus, translational control via eIF4E acts as a convergence point for hyperactive signalling pathways to promote tumorigenesis. Consequently, recent works have aimed to target these pathways and ultimately the translational machinery for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1A3
| | - Nahum Sonenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1A3
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Wang H, Huang F, Wang J, Wang P, Lv W, Hong L, Li S, Zhou J. The synergistic inhibition of breast cancer proliferation by combined treatment with 4EGI-1 and MK2206. Cell Cycle 2015; 14:232-42. [PMID: 25607647 DOI: 10.4161/15384101.2014.977096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cap-dependent translation is a potential cancer-related target (oncotarget) due to its critical role in cancer initiation and progression. 4EGI-1, an inhibitor of eIF4E/eIF4G interaction, was discovered by screening chemical libraries of small molecules. 4EGI-1 inhibits cap-dependent translation initiation by impairing the assembly of the eIF4E/eIF4G complex, and therefore is a potential anti-cancer agent. Here, we report that 4EGI-1 also inhibits mTORC1 signaling independent of its inhibitory role on cap-dependent translation initiation. The inhibition of mTORC1 signaling by 4EGI-1 activates Akt due to both abrogation of the negative feedback loops from mTORC1 to PI3K and activation of mTORC2. We further validated that mTORC2 activity is required for 4EGI-1-mediated Akt activation. The activated Akt counteracted the anticancer effects of 4EGI-1. In support of this model, inhibition of Akt potentiates the antitumor activity of 4EGI-1 both in vitro and in a xenograft mouse model in vivo. Our results suggest that a combination of 4EGI-1and Akt inhibitor is a rational approach for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Wang
- a Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology; Beijing Institute of Biotechnology ; Beijing , P.R. China
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31
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He K, Zheng X, Li M, Zhang L, Yu J. mTOR inhibitors induce apoptosis in colon cancer cells via CHOP-dependent DR5 induction on 4E-BP1 dephosphorylation. Oncogene 2015; 35:148-57. [PMID: 25867072 PMCID: PMC4603992 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is commonly activated in colon cancer. mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) is a major downstream target of the PI3K/ATK pathway and activates protein synthesis by phosphorylating key regulators of mRNA translation and ribosome synthesis. Rapamycin analogs Everolimus and Temsirolimus are non-ATP-competitive mTORC1 inhibitors, and suppress proliferation and tumor angiogenesis and invasion. We now show that apoptosis plays a key role in their anti-tumor activities in colon cancer cells and xenografts through the DR5, FADD and caspase-8 axis, and is strongly enhanced by TRAIL and 5-fluorouracil. The induction of DR5 by rapalogs is mediated by the ER stress regulator and transcription factor CHOP, but not the tumor suppressor p53, upon rapid and sustained inhibition of 4E-BP1 phosphorylation, and attenuated by eIF4E expression. ATP-competitive mTOR/PI3K inhibitors also promote DR5 induction and FADD-dependent apoptosis in colon cancer cells. These results establish activation of ER stress and the death receptor pathway as a novel anticancer mechanism of mTOR inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- K He
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - X Zheng
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - M Li
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - L Zhang
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - J Yu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Zhang Z, Zheng Y, Zhu R, Zhu Y, Yao W, Liu W, Gao X. The ERK/eIF4F/Bcl-XL pathway mediates SGP-2 induced osteosarcoma cells apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Lett 2014; 352:203-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Translation initiation factor eIF4F modifies the dexamethasone response in multiple myeloma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:13421-6. [PMID: 25197055 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1402650111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhanced protein synthesis capacity is associated with increased tumor cell survival, proliferation, and resistance to chemotherapy. Cancers like multiple myeloma (MM), which display elevated activity in key translation regulatory nodes, such as the PI3K/mammalian target of rapamycin and MYC-eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4E pathways, are predicted to be particularly sensitive to therapeutic strategies that target this process. To identify novel vulnerabilities in MM, we undertook a focused RNAi screen in which components of the translation apparatus were targeted. Our screen was designed to identify synthetic lethal relationships between translation factors or regulators and dexamethasone (DEX), a corticosteroid used as frontline therapy in this disease. We find that suppression of all three subunits of the eIF4F cap-binding complex synergizes with DEX in MM to induce cell death. Using a suite of small molecules that target various activities of eIF4F, we observed that cell survival and DEX resistance are attenuated upon eIF4F inhibition in MM cell lines and primary human samples. Levels of MYC and myeloid cell leukemia 1, two known eIF4F-responsive transcripts and key survival factors in MM, were reduced upon eIF4F inhibition, and their independent suppression also synergized with DEX. Inhibition of eIF4F in MM exerts pleotropic effects unraveling a unique therapeutic opportunity.
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Attar-Schneider O, Drucker L, Zismanov V, Tartakover-Matalon S, Lishner M. Targeting eIF4GI translation initiation factor affords an attractive therapeutic strategy in multiple myeloma. Cell Signal 2014; 26:1878-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Albert MC, Brinkmann K, Kashkar H. Noxa and cancer therapy: Tuning up the mitochondrial death machinery in response to chemotherapy. Mol Cell Oncol 2014; 1:e29906. [PMID: 27308315 PMCID: PMC4905168 DOI: 10.4161/mco.29906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biochemical analyses have characterized the BH3-only protein family member Noxa as a “sensitizer” with weak pro-apoptotic activity. Investigations into cancer cell responses to chemotherapeutic agents have identified Noxa as a pivotal factor mediating the cytotoxic effect of a plethora of anticancer treatments independent of its own pro-apoptotic activity. Accumulating evidence now suggests that tumor cells exert a number of strategies to counteract Noxa function by exploiting diverse cellular regulatory circuits that normally govern Noxa expression during cellular stress responses. Here, we summarize data concerning the role of Noxa in cancer chemosensitivity and highlight the potential of this enigmatic BH3-only protein family member in current and novel anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Christine Albert
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC); Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD); University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene (IMMIH); University of Cologne, Köln, Germany
| | - Kerstin Brinkmann
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC); Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD); University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene (IMMIH); University of Cologne, Köln, Germany
| | - Hamid Kashkar
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC); Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD); University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene (IMMIH); University of Cologne, Köln, Germany
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Structure of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E in complex with 4EGI-1 reveals an allosteric mechanism for dissociating eIF4G. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:E3187-95. [PMID: 25049413 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1410250111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E with the initiation factor eIF4G recruits the 40S ribosomal particle to the 5' end of mRNAs, facilitates scanning to the AUG start codon, and is crucial for eukaryotic translation of nearly all genes. Efficient recruitment of the 40S particle is particularly important for translation of mRNAs encoding oncoproteins and growth-promoting factors, which often harbor complex 5' UTRs and require efficient initiation. Thus, inhibiting the eIF4E/eIF4G interaction has emerged as a previously unpursued route for developing anticancer agents. Indeed, we discovered small-molecule inhibitors of this eIF4E/eIF4G interaction (4EGIs) that inhibit translation initiation both in vitro and in vivo and were used successfully in numerous cancer-biology and neurobiology studies. However, their detailed molecular mechanism of action has remained elusive. Here, we show that the eIF4E/eIF4G inhibitor 4EGI-1 acts allosterically by binding to a site on eIF4E distant from the eIF4G binding epitope. Data from NMR mapping and high-resolution crystal structures are congruent with this mechanism, where 4EGI-1 attaches to a hydrophobic pocket of eIF4E between β-sheet2 (L60-T68) and α-helix1 (E69-N77), causing localized conformational changes mainly in the H78-L85 region. It acts by unfolding a short 310-helix (S82-L85) while extending α-helix1 by one turn (H78-S82). This unusual helix rearrangement has not been seen in any previous eIF4E structure and reveals elements of an allosteric inhibition mechanism leading to the dislocation of eIF4G from eIF4E.
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the efficiency of p53 reactivation and induction of massive apoptosis (PRIMA-1(Met)) in inducing myeloma cell death, using 27 human myeloma cell lines (HMCLs) and 23 primary samples. Measuring the lethal dose (LD50) of HMCLs revealed that HMCLs displayed heterogeneous sensitivity, with an LD50 ranging from 4 μM to more than 200 μM. The sensitivity of HMCLs did not correlate with myeloma genomic heterogeneity or TP53 status, and PRIMA-1(Met) did not induce or increase expression of the p53 target genes CDKN1A or TNFRSF10B/DR5. However, PRIMA-1(Met) increased expression of NOXA in a p53-independent manner, and NOXA silencing decreased PRIMA1(Met)-induced cell death. PRIMA-1(Met) depleted glutathione (GSH) content and induced reactive oxygen species production. The expression of GSH synthetase correlated with PRIMA-1(Met) LD50 values, and we showed that a GSH decrease mediated by GSH synthetase silencing or by and L-buthionine sulphoximine, an irreversible inhibitor of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase, increased PRIMA-1(Met)-induced cell death and overcame PRIMA-1(Met) resistance. PRIMA-1(Met) (10 μM) induced cell death in 65% of primary cells independent of the presence of del17p; did not increase DR5 expression, arguing against an activation of p53 pathway; and synergized with L-buthionine sulphoximine in all samples. Finally, we showed in mouse TP53(neg) JJN3-xenograft model that PRIMA-1(Met) inhibited myeloma growth and synergized with L-buthionine sulphoximine in vivo.
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Pettersson F, del Rincon SV, Miller WH. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E as a novel therapeutic target in hematological malignancies and beyond. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2014; 18:1035-48. [DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2014.937426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Redondo N, García-Moreno M, Sanz MA, Carrasco L. Translation of viral mRNAs that do not require eIF4E is blocked by the inhibitor 4EGI-1. Virology 2013; 444:171-80. [PMID: 23870416 PMCID: PMC7111898 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2013.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Revised: 03/31/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
High throughput screening has rendered new inhibitors of eukaryotic protein synthesis. One such molecule, 4EGI-1 has been reported to selectively block the initiation factor eIF4E. We have investigated the action of this inhibitor on translation directed by several viral mRNAs which, in principle, do not utilize eIF4E. We found that 4EGI-1 inhibits translation directed by poliovirus IRES, in rabbit reticulocyte lysates, to a similar extent as capped mRNA. Moreover, 4EGI-1 inhibits translation driven by poliovirus IRES, both in vitro and in cultured cells, despite cleavage of eIF4G by picornavirus proteases. Finally, translation of vesicular stomatitis virus mRNAs and Sindbis virus subgenomic mRNA is blocked by 4EGI-1 in infected cells to a similar extent as cellular mRNAs. These findings cast doubt on the selective action of this inhibitor, and suggest that this molecule may affect other steps in protein synthesis unrelated to cap recognition by eIF4E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Redondo
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), c/Nicolás Cabrera, 1 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain.
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Willimott S, Beck D, Ahearne MJ, Adams VC, Wagner SD. Cap-translation inhibitor, 4EGI-1, restores sensitivity to ABT-737 apoptosis through cap-dependent and -independent mechanisms in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19:3212-23. [PMID: 23633452 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-2185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The lymph node microenvironment promotes resistance to chemotherapy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), partly through induction of BCL2 family prosurvival proteins. Currently available inhibitors do not target all BCL2 family prosurvival proteins and their effectiveness is also modified by proapoptotic BCL2 homology domain 3 (BH3) only protein expression. The goal of this study was to evaluate synergy between the eIF4E/eIF4G interaction inhibitor, 4EGI-1, and the BH3 mimetic, ABT-737. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN CLL cells were cultured in conditions to mimic the lymph node microenvironment. Protein synthesis and cap-complex formation were determined. Polysome association of mRNAs from BCL2 family survival genes was analyzed by translational profiling. The effects of 4EGI-1 and the BCL2/BCL2L1 antagonist, ABT-737, on CLL cell apoptosis were determined. RESULTS Protein synthesis was increased approximately 6-fold by stromal cell/CD154 culture in a phosphoinositide 3-kinase α (PI3Kα)-specific manner and was reduced by 4EGI-1. PI3K inhibitors and 4EGI-1 also reduced cap-complex formation but only 4EGI-1 consistently reduced BCL2L1 and BCL2A1 protein levels. 4EGI-1, but not PI3K inhibitors or rapamycin, induced an endoplasmic reticulum stress response including proapoptotic NOXA and the translation inhibitor phosphorylated eIF2α. 4EGI-1 and ABT-737 synergized to cause apoptosis, independent of levels of prosurvival protein expression in individual patients. CONCLUSIONS Overall protein synthesis and cap-complex formation are induced by microenvironment stimuli in CLL. Inhibition of the cap-complex was not sufficient to repress BCL2 family prosurvival expression, but 4EGI-1 inhibited BCL2A1 and BCL2L1 while inducing NOXA through cap-dependent and -independent mechanisms. 4EGI-1 and ABT-737 synergized to produce apoptosis, and these agents may be the basis for a therapeutically useful combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun Willimott
- Department of Cancer Studies and Molecular Medicine and MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
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Carroll M, Borden KLB. The oncogene eIF4E: using biochemical insights to target cancer. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2013; 33:227-38. [PMID: 23472659 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2012.0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E is overexpressed in many human malignancies where it is typically a harbinger of poor prognosis. eIF4E is positioned as a nexus in post-transcriptional gene expression. To carry out these functions, eIF4E needs to bind the m(7)G cap moiety on mRNAs. It plays critical roles in mRNA translation, mRNA export, and most likely in mRNA stability as well. Through these activities, eIF4E coordinately modulates the expression of many transcripts involved in proliferation and survival. eIF4E function is controlled by interactions with protein cofactors in concert with many signaling pathways, including Ras, Mnk, Erk, MAPK, PI3K, mTOR, and Akt. This review describes the eIF4E activity and provides several examples of cellular control mechanisms. Further, we describe some therapeutic strategies in preclinical and clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Carroll
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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