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Kasturirangan S, Nancarrow DJ, Shah A, Lagisetty KH, Lawrence TS, Beer DG, Ray D. Isoform alterations in the ubiquitination machinery impacting gastrointestinal malignancies. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:194. [PMID: 38453895 PMCID: PMC10920915 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06575-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
The advancement of RNAseq and isoform-specific expression platforms has led to the understanding that isoform changes can alter molecular signaling to promote tumorigenesis. An active area in cancer research is uncovering the roles of ubiquitination on spliceosome assembly contributing to transcript diversity and expression of alternative isoforms. However, the effects of isoform changes on functionality of ubiquitination machineries (E1, E2, E3, E4, and deubiquitinating (DUB) enzymes) influencing onco- and tumor suppressor protein stabilities is currently understudied. Characterizing these changes could be instrumental in improving cancer outcomes via the identification of novel biomarkers and targetable signaling pathways. In this review, we focus on highlighting reported examples of direct, protein-coded isoform variation of ubiquitination enzymes influencing cancer development and progression in gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies. We have used a semi-automated system for identifying relevant literature and applied established systems for isoform categorization and functional classification to help structure literature findings. The results are a comprehensive snapshot of known isoform changes that are significant to GI cancers, and a framework for readers to use to address isoform variation in their own research. One of the key findings is the potential influence that isoforms of the ubiquitination machinery have on oncoprotein stability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Derek J Nancarrow
- Surgery - Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Ayush Shah
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kiran H Lagisetty
- Surgery - Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Theodore S Lawrence
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - David G Beer
- Surgery - Section of Thoracic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Dipankar Ray
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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Zheng Y, Zhong G, He C, Li M. Targeted splicing therapy: new strategies for colorectal cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1222932. [PMID: 37664052 PMCID: PMC10470845 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1222932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA splicing is the process of forming mature mRNA, which is an essential phase necessary for gene expression and controls many aspects of cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation. Abnormal gene-splicing events are closely related to the development of tumors, and the generation of oncogenic isoform in splicing can promote tumor progression. As a main process of tumor-specific splicing variants, alternative splicing (AS) can promote tumor progression by increasing the production of oncogenic splicing isoforms and/or reducing the production of normal splicing isoforms. This is the focus of current research on the regulation of aberrant tumor splicing. So far, AS has been found to be associated with various aspects of tumor biology, including cell proliferation and invasion, resistance to apoptosis, and sensitivity to different chemotherapeutic drugs. This article will review the abnormal splicing events in colorectal cancer (CRC), especially the tumor-associated splicing variants arising from AS, aiming to offer an insight into CRC-targeted splicing therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chengcheng He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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George M, Masamba P, Iwalokun BA, Kappo AP. Zooming into the structure-function of RING finger proteins for anti-cancer therapeutic applications. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:2773-2789. [PMID: 37559981 PMCID: PMC10408477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most common and widely diagnosed diseases worldwide. With an increase in prevalence and incidence, many studies in cancer biology have been looking at the role pro-cancer proteins play. One of these proteins is the Really Interesting New Gene (RING), which has been studied extensively due to its structure and functions such as apoptosis, neddylation, and its role in ubiquitination. The RING domain is a cysteine-rich domain known to bind Cysteine and Histidine residues. It also binds two zinc ions that help stabilize the protein in various patterns, often with a 'cross-brace' topology. Different RING finger proteins have been studied and found to have suitable targets for developing anti-cancer therapeutics. These identified candidate proteins include Parkin, COP1, MDM2, BARD1, BRCA-1, PIRH2, c-CBL, SIAH1, RBX1 and RNF8. Inhibiting these candidate proteins provides opportunities for shutting down pathways associated with tumour development and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary George
- Molecular Biophysics and Structural Biology (MBSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Kingsway CampusAuckland Park, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Priscilla Masamba
- Molecular Biophysics and Structural Biology (MBSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Kingsway CampusAuckland Park, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Bamidele Abiodun Iwalokun
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research (NIMR)Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Abidemi Paul Kappo
- Molecular Biophysics and Structural Biology (MBSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Kingsway CampusAuckland Park, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Carrera S, Rodríguez-Martínez AB, Garin I, Sarasola E, Martínez C, Maortua H, Callejo A, Ruiz de Lobera A, Muñoz A, Miñambres N, Jiménez-Labaig P. Germline heterozygous exons 8-11 pathogenic BARD1 gene deletion reported for the first time in a family with suspicion of a hereditary colorectal cancer syndrome: more than an incidental finding? Hered Cancer Clin Pract 2023; 21:2. [PMID: 36709314 PMCID: PMC9883939 DOI: 10.1186/s13053-023-00246-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly prevalent disease in developed countries. Inherited Mendelian causes account for approximately 5% of CRC cases, with Lynch syndrome and familial adenomatous polyposis being the most prevalent forms. Scientific efforts are focused on the discovery of new candidate genes associated with CRC and new associations of phenotypes with well-established cancer-related genes. BRCA1-associated ring domain (BARD1) gene deleterious germline variants are associated with a moderate increase in the relative risk of breast cancer, but their association with other neoplasms, such as CRC, remains unclear. CASE PRESENTATION We present the case of a 49-year-old male diagnosed with rectal adenocarcinoma whose maternal family fulfilled Amsterdam clinical criteria for Lynch syndrome. Genetic test confirmed the presence in heterozygosis of a germline pathogenic deletion of exons 8-11 in BARD1 gene. The predictive genetic study of the family revealed the presence of this pathogenic variant in his deceased cancer affected relatives, confirming co-segregation of the deletion with the disease. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first published work in which this BARD1 deletion is detected in a family with familial colorectal cancer type X (FCCTX) syndrome, in which the clinical criteria for Lynch syndrome without alteration of the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system are fulfilled. Whether this incidental germline finding is the cause of familial colorectal aggregation remains to be elucidated in scientific forums. Patients should be carefully assessed in specific cancer genetic counseling units to account for hypothetical casual findings in other genes, in principle unrelated to the initial clinical suspicion, but with potential impact on their health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Carrera
- grid.411232.70000 0004 1767 5135Hereditary Cancer Genetic Counseling Unit- Medical Oncology Department, Cruces University Hospital, Plaza de Cruces S/N. 48903, Baracaldo, Bizkaia Spain
| | | | - Intza Garin
- grid.411232.70000 0004 1767 5135Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Cruces University Hospital, Baracaldo, Spain
| | - Esther Sarasola
- grid.414269.c0000 0001 0667 6181Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Basurto University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Cristina Martínez
- grid.411232.70000 0004 1767 5135Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Cruces University Hospital, Baracaldo, Spain
| | - Hiart Maortua
- grid.411232.70000 0004 1767 5135Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Cruces University Hospital, Baracaldo, Spain
| | - Almudena Callejo
- grid.411232.70000 0004 1767 5135Medical Oncology Department, Cruces University Hospital, Baracaldo, Spain
| | - Abigail Ruiz de Lobera
- grid.411232.70000 0004 1767 5135Medical Oncology Department, Cruces University Hospital, Baracaldo, Spain
| | - Alberto Muñoz
- grid.411232.70000 0004 1767 5135Medical Oncology Department, Cruces University Hospital, Baracaldo, Spain
| | - Nagore Miñambres
- grid.411232.70000 0004 1767 5135Medical Oncology Department, Cruces University Hospital, Baracaldo, Spain
| | - Pablo Jiménez-Labaig
- grid.411232.70000 0004 1767 5135Medical Oncology Department, Cruces University Hospital, Baracaldo, Spain
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Jain A, McCoy M, Coats C, Brown SZ, Addya S, Pelz C, Sears RC, Yeo CJ, Brody JR. HuR Plays a Role in Double-Strand Break Repair in Pancreatic Cancer Cells and Regulates Functional BRCA1-Associated-Ring-Domain-1(BARD1) Isoforms. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071848. [PMID: 35406624 PMCID: PMC8997573 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Antigen R (HuR/ELAVL1) is known to regulate stability of mRNAs involved in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cell survival. Although several HuR targets are established, it is likely that many remain currently unknown. Here, we identified BARD1 mRNA as a novel target of HuR. Silencing HuR caused a >70% decrease in homologous recombination repair (HRR) efficiency as measured by the double-strand break repair (pDR-GFP reporter) assay. HuR-bound mRNAs extracted from RNP-immunoprecipitation and probed on a microarray, revealed a subset of HRR genes as putative HuR targets, including the BRCA1-Associated-Ring-Domain-1 (BARD1) (p < 0.005). BARD1 genetic alterations are infrequent in PDAC, and its context-dependent upregulation is poorly understood. Genetic silencing (siRNA and CRISPR knock-out) and pharmacological targeting of HuR inhibited both full length (FL) BARD1 and its functional isoforms (α, δ, Φ). Silencing BARD1 sensitized cells to olaparib and oxaliplatin; caused G2-M cell cycle arrest; and increased DNA-damage while decreasing HRR efficiency in cells. Exogenous overexpression of BARD1 in HuR-deficient cells partially rescued the HRR dysfunction, independent of an HuR pro-oncogenic function. Collectively, our findings demonstrate for the first time that BARD1 is a bona fide HuR target, which serves as an important regulatory point of the transient DNA-repair response in PDAC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Jain
- The Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (C.C.); (S.Z.B.); (C.J.Y.)
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA;
- Correspondence: (A.J.); (J.R.B.); Tel.: +1-215-955-2693 (A.J.); +1-443-812-1852 (J.R.B.)
| | - Matthew McCoy
- Department of Oncology, Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA;
| | - Carolyn Coats
- The Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (C.C.); (S.Z.B.); (C.J.Y.)
| | - Samantha Z. Brown
- The Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (C.C.); (S.Z.B.); (C.J.Y.)
- The Department of Surgery, Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, The Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Sankar Addya
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA;
| | - Carl Pelz
- The Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, The Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97201, USA; (C.P.); (R.C.S.)
| | - Rosalie C. Sears
- The Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, The Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97201, USA; (C.P.); (R.C.S.)
| | - Charles J. Yeo
- The Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (C.C.); (S.Z.B.); (C.J.Y.)
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA;
| | - Jonathan R. Brody
- The Department of Surgery, Brenden-Colson Center for Pancreatic Care, The Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
- Correspondence: (A.J.); (J.R.B.); Tel.: +1-215-955-2693 (A.J.); +1-443-812-1852 (J.R.B.)
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Russi M, Marson D, Fermeglia A, Aulic S, Fermeglia M, Laurini E, Pricl S. The fellowship of the RING: BRCA1, its partner BARD1 and their liaison in DNA repair and cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 232:108009. [PMID: 34619284 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein (BRCA1) and its partner - the BRCA1-associated RING domain protein 1 (BARD1) - are key players in a plethora of fundamental biological functions including, among others, DNA repair, replication fork protection, cell cycle progression, telomere maintenance, chromatin remodeling, apoptosis and tumor suppression. However, mutations in their encoding genes transform them into dangerous threats, and substantially increase the risk of developing cancer and other malignancies during the lifetime of the affected individuals. Understanding how BRCA1 and BARD1 perform their biological activities therefore not only provides a powerful mean to prevent such fatal occurrences but can also pave the way to the development of new targeted therapeutics. Thus, through this review work we aim at presenting the major efforts focused on the functional characterization and structural insights of BRCA1 and BARD1, per se and in combination with all their principal mediators and regulators, and on the multifaceted roles these proteins play in the maintenance of human genome integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Russi
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTs), DEA, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Domenico Marson
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTs), DEA, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alice Fermeglia
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTs), DEA, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Suzana Aulic
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTs), DEA, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fermeglia
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTs), DEA, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Erik Laurini
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTs), DEA, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sabrina Pricl
- Molecular Biology and Nanotechnology Laboratory (MolBNL@UniTs), DEA, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; Department of General Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
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BARD1 Autoantibody Blood Test for Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12070969. [PMID: 34201956 PMCID: PMC8305152 DOI: 10.3390/genes12070969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynaecological cancer. It is often diagnosed at an advanced stage with poor chances for successful treatment. An accurate blood test for the early detection of OC could reduce the mortality of this disease. Methods: Autoantibody reactivity to 20 epitopes of BARD1 and concentration of cancer antigen 125 (CA125) were assessed in 480 serum samples of OC patients and healthy controls. Autoantibody reactivity and CA125 were also tested for 261 plasma samples of OC with or without mutations in BRCA1/2, BARD1, or other predisposing genes, and healthy controls. Lasso statistic regression was applied to measurements to develop an algorithm for discrimination between OC and controls. Findings and interpretation: Measurement of autoantibody binding to a number of BARD1 epitopes combined with CA125 could distinguish OC from healthy controls with high accuracy. This BARD1-CA125 test was more accurate than measurements of BARD1 autoantibody or CA125 alone for all OC stages and menopausal status. A BARD1-CA125-based test is expected to work equally well for average-risk women and high-risk women with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC). Although these results are promising, further data on well-characterised clinical samples shall be used to confirm the potential of the BARD1-CA125 test for ovarian cancer screening.
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Jasiak A, Krawczyńska N, Iliszko M, Czarnota K, Buczkowski K, Stefanowicz J, Adamkiewicz-Drożyńska E, Cichosz G, Iżycka-Świeszewska E. Expression of BARD1 β Isoform in Selected Pediatric Tumors. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12020168. [PMID: 33530592 PMCID: PMC7911681 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, many new possible biomarkers and mechanisms are being searched and tested to analyse pathobiology of pediatric tumours for the development of new treatments. One such candidate molecular factor is BARD1 (BRCA1 Associated RING Domain 1)—a tumour-suppressing gene involved in cell cycle control and genome stability, engaged in several types of adult-type tumours. The data on BARD1 significance in childhood cancer is limited. This study determines the expression level of BARD1 and its isoform beta (β) in three different histogenetic groups of pediatric cancer—neuroblastic tumours, and for the first time in chosen germ cell tumours (GCT), and rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), using the qPCR method. We found higher expression of beta isoform in tumour compared to healthy tissue with no such changes concerning BARD1 full-length. Additionally, differences in expression of BARD1 β between histological types of neuroblastic tumours were observed, with higher levels in ganglioneuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma. Furthermore, a higher expression of BARD1 β characterized yolk sac tumours (GCT type) and RMS when comparing with non-neoplastic tissue. These tumours also showed a high expression of the TERT (Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase) gene. In two RMS cases we found deep decrease of BARD1 β in post-chemotherapy samples. This work supports the oncogenicity of the beta isoform in pediatric tumours, as well as demonstrates the differences in its expression depending on the histological type of neoplasm, and the level of maturation in neuroblastic tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Jasiak
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki St., 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.J.); (M.I.); (G.C.)
- Laboratory of Clinical Genetics, University Clinical Centre, 17 Smoluchowskiego St., 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Natalia Krawczyńska
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki St., 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.J.); (M.I.); (G.C.)
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 407S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
| | - Mariola Iliszko
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki St., 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.J.); (M.I.); (G.C.)
- Laboratory of Clinical Genetics, University Clinical Centre, 17 Smoluchowskiego St., 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Czarnota
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki St., 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (K.C.); (K.B.)
| | - Kamil Buczkowski
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki St., 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (K.C.); (K.B.)
- Department of Pathomorphology, Copernicus Hospitals, 1-6 Nowe Ogrody St., 80-803 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Joanna Stefanowicz
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology, Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki St., 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (J.S.); (E.A.-D.)
| | - Elżbieta Adamkiewicz-Drożyńska
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology, Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki St., 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (J.S.); (E.A.-D.)
| | - Grzegorz Cichosz
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki St., 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (A.J.); (M.I.); (G.C.)
| | - Ewa Iżycka-Świeszewska
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki St., 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (K.C.); (K.B.)
- Department of Pathomorphology, Copernicus Hospitals, 1-6 Nowe Ogrody St., 80-803 Gdansk, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Novel urinary protein biomarker panel for early diagnosis of gastric cancer. Br J Cancer 2020; 123:1656-1664. [PMID: 32934343 PMCID: PMC7686371 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01063-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With the goal of discovering non-invasive biomarkers for early diagnosis of GC, we conducted a case-control study utilising urine samples from individuals with predominantly early GC vs. healthy control (HC). Methods Among urine samples from 372 patients, age- and sex-matched 282 patients were randomly divided into three groups: 18 patients in a discovery cohort; 176 patients in a training cohort and 88 patients in a validation cohort. Results Among urinary proteins identified in the comprehensive quantitative proteomics analysis, urinary levels of TFF1 (uTFF1) and ADAM12 (uADAM12) were significantly independent diagnostic biomarkers for GC, in addition to Helicobacter pylori status. A urinary biomarker panel combining uTFF1, uADAM12 and H. pylori significantly distinguished between HC and GC patients in both training and validation cohorts. On the analysis for sex-specific biomarkers, this combination panel demonstrated a good AUC of 0.858 for male GC, whereas another combination panel of uTFF1, uBARD1 and H. pylori also provided a good AUC of 0.893 for female GC. Notably, each panel could distinguish even stage I GC patients from HC patients (AUC = 0.850 for males; AUC = 0.845 for females). Conclusions Novel urinary protein biomarker panels represent promising non-invasive biomarkers for GC, including early-stage disease.
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Otsuka K, Yoshino Y, Qi H, Chiba N. The Function of BARD1 in Centrosome Regulation in Cooperation with BRCA1/OLA1/RACK1. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11080842. [PMID: 32722046 PMCID: PMC7464954 DOI: 10.3390/genes11080842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer gene 1 (BRCA1)-associated RING domain protein 1 (BARD1) forms a heterodimer with BRCA1, a tumor suppressor associated with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer. BRCA1/BARD1 functions in multiple cellular processes including DNA repair and centrosome regulation. Centrosomes are the major microtubule-organizing centers in animal cells and are critical for the formation of a bipolar mitotic spindle. BRCA1 and BARD1 localize to the centrosome during the cell cycle, and the BRCA1/BARD1 dimer ubiquitinates centrosomal proteins to regulate centrosome function. We identified Obg-like ATPase 1 (OLA1) and receptor for activated C kinase (RACK1) as BRCA1/BARD1-interating proteins that bind to BARD1 and BRCA1 and localize the centrosomes during the cell cycle. Cancer-derived variants of BRCA1, BARD1, OLA1, and RACK1 failed to interact, and aberrant expression of these proteins caused centrosome amplification due to centriole overduplication only in mammary tissue-derived cells. In S-G2 phase, the number of centrioles was higher in mammary tissue-derived cells than in cells from other tissues, suggesting their involvement in tissue-specific carcinogenesis by BRCA1 and BARD1 germline mutations. We described the function of BARD1 in centrosome regulation in cooperation with BRCA1/OLA1/RACK1, as well as the effect of their dysfunction on carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Otsuka
- Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryomachi Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (K.O.); (Y.Y.); (H.Q.)
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryomachi Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshino
- Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryomachi Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (K.O.); (Y.Y.); (H.Q.)
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryomachi Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 4-1 Seiryomachi Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Huicheng Qi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryomachi Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (K.O.); (Y.Y.); (H.Q.)
- Department of Cancer Biology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 4-1 Seiryomachi Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Natsuko Chiba
- Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryomachi Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; (K.O.); (Y.Y.); (H.Q.)
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryomachi Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 4-1 Seiryomachi Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Correspondence:
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The Effects of Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations of BARD1 on the Development of Non-Breast and Non-Gynecological Cancers. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11070829. [PMID: 32708251 PMCID: PMC7396976 DOI: 10.3390/genes11070829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast Cancer 1 (BRCA1) gene is a well-characterized tumor suppressor gene, mutations of which are primarily found in women with breast and ovarian cancers. BRCA1-associated RING domain 1 (BARD1) gene has also been identified as an important tumor suppressor gene in breast, ovarian, and uterine cancers. Underscoring the functional significance of the BRCA1 and BARD1 interactions, prevalent mutations in the BRCA1 gene are found in its RING domain, through which it binds the RING domain of BARD1. BARD1-BRCA1 heterodimer plays a crucial role in a variety of DNA damage response (DDR) pathways, including DNA damage checkpoint and homologous recombination (HR). However, many mutations in both BARD1 and BRCA1 also exist in other domains that significantly affect their biological functions. Intriguingly, recent genome-wide studies have identified various single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), genetic alterations, and epigenetic modifications in or near the BARD1 gene that manifested profound effects on tumorigenesis in a variety of non-breast and non-gynecological cancers. In this review, we will briefly discuss the molecular functions of BARD1, including its BRCA1-dependent as well as BRCA1-independent functions. We will then focus on evaluating the common BARD1 related SNPs as well as genetic and epigenetic changes that occur in the non-BRCA1-dominant cancers, including neuroblastoma, lung, and gastrointestinal cancers. Furthermore, the pro- and anti-tumorigenic functions of different SNPs and BARD1 variants will also be discussed.
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12
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Wang C, Zhou Z, Subhramanyam CS, Cao Q, Heng ZSL, Liu W, Fu X, Hu Q. SRPK1 acetylation modulates alternative splicing to regulate cisplatin resistance in breast cancer cells. Commun Biol 2020; 3:268. [PMID: 32461560 PMCID: PMC7253463 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-0983-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin and other platinum-based compounds are frequently used to treat breast cancer, but their utility is severely compromised by drug resistance. Many genes dictating drug responsiveness are subject to pre-mRNA alternative splicing which is regulated by key kinases such as the serine-arginine protein kinase 1 (SRPK1). However, its contribution to drug resistance remains controversial. In this study, we have identified that Tip60-mediated acetylation of SRPK1 is closely associated with chemotherapy sensitivity. In breast cancer cells, cisplatin induced SRPK1 acetylation but in the corresponding resistant cells, it reduced acetylation yet increased phosphorylation and kinase activity of SRPK1, favouring the splicing of some anti-apoptotic variants. Significantly, the cisplatin-resistant cells could be re-sensitized by enhancing SRPK1 acetylation or inhibiting its kinase activity. Hence, our study reveals a key role of SRPK1 in the development of cisplatin resistance in breast cancer cells and suggests a potential therapeutic avenue for overcoming chemotherapy resistance. Wang et al. find that the therapeutic agent cisplatin has opposite effect on acetylation of serine-arginine protein kinase 1 (SRPK1) in cisplatin-resistant versus – sensitive breast cancer cells. Inhibiting SRPK1 activity or enhancing its acetylation re-sensitises cells to cisplatin, suggesting a potential strategy to treat cancers resistant to platinum-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 4 Medical Drive, Singapore, Singapore, 117594
| | - Zhihong Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 2 Medical Drive, Singapore, Singapore, 117593
| | | | - Qiong Cao
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 4 Medical Drive, Singapore, Singapore, 117594
| | - Zealyn Shi Lin Heng
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 4 Medical Drive, Singapore, Singapore, 117594
| | - Wen Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiang'an South Road, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Xiangdong Fu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0651, USA
| | - Qidong Hu
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 4 Medical Drive, Singapore, Singapore, 117594.
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Walker LC, Lattimore VL, Kvist A, Kleiblova P, Zemankova P, de Jong L, Wiggins GAR, Hakkaart C, Cree SL, Behar R, Houdayer C, Investigators KC, Parsons MT, Kennedy MA, Spurdle AB, de la Hoya M. Comprehensive Assessment of BARD1 Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Splicing With Implications for Variant Classification. Front Genet 2019; 10:1139. [PMID: 31803232 PMCID: PMC6877745 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Case-control analyses have shown BARD1 variants to be associated with up to >2-fold increase in risk of breast cancer, and potentially greater risk of triple negative breast cancer. BARD1 is included in several gene sequencing panels currently marketed for the prediction of risk of cancer, however there are no gene-specific guidelines for the classification of BARD1 variants. We present the most comprehensive assessment of BARD1 messenger RNA splicing, and demonstrate the application of these data for the classification of truncating and splice site variants according to American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology (ACMG/AMP) guidelines. Methods: Nanopore sequencing, short-read RNA-seq (whole transcriptome and targeted), and capillary electrophoresis analysis were performed by four laboratories to investigate alternative BARD1 splicing in blood, breast, and fimbriae/ovary related specimens from non-cancer affected tissues. Splicing data were also collated from published studies of nine different tissues. The impact of the findings for PVS1 annotation was assessed for truncating and splice site variants. Results: We identified 62 naturally occurring alternative spliced BARD1 splicing events, including 19 novel events found by next generation sequencing and/or reverse transcription PCR analysis performed for this study. Quantitative analysis showed that naturally occurring splicing events causing loss of clinically relevant domains or nonsense mediated decay can constitute up to 11.9% of overlapping natural junctions, suggesting that aberrant splicing can be tolerated up to this level. Nanopore sequencing of whole BARD1 transcripts characterized 16 alternative isoforms from healthy controls, revealing that the most complex transcripts combined only two alternative splicing events. Bioinformatic analysis of ClinVar submitted variants at or near BARD1 splice sites suggest that all consensus splice site variants in BARD1 should be considered likely pathogenic, with the possible exception of variants at the donor site of exon 5. Conclusions: No BARD1 candidate rescue transcripts were identified in this study, indicating that all premature translation-termination codons variants can be annotated as PVS1. Furthermore, our analysis suggests that all donor and acceptor (IVS+/-1,2) variants can be considered PVS1 or PVS1_strong, with the exception of variants targeting the exon 5 donor site, that we recommend considering as PVS1_moderate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan C. Walker
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | | | - Anders Kvist
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Petra Kleiblova
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Petra Zemankova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Lucy de Jong
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - George A. R. Wiggins
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Christopher Hakkaart
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Simone L. Cree
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Raquel Behar
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, CIBERONC, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos), Madrid, Spain
| | - Claude Houdayer
- Department of Genetics, F76000 and Normandy University, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - kConFab Investigators
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Research Department, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael T. Parsons
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Martin A. Kennedy
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Amanda B. Spurdle
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Miguel de la Hoya
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, CIBERONC, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos), Madrid, Spain
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Fadaka AO, Pretorius A, Klein A. MicroRNA Assisted Gene Regulation in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4899. [PMID: 31623294 PMCID: PMC6801675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second-leading cause of cancer death and a major public health problem. Nearly 80% CRC cases are diagnosed after the disease have metastasized and are often too advanced for treatment. Small non-coding RNA guides argonaute protein to their specific target for regulation as the sole of RNA induced silencing complex for gene silencing. These non-coding RNA for example microRNA, are thought to play a key role in affecting the efficiency of gene regulation in cancer, especially CRC. Understanding the mechanism at the molecular level could lead to improved diagnosis, treatment, and management decisions for CRC. The study aimed to predict the molecular mechanism of gene regulation based microRNA-mRNA duplex as a lead in the silencing mechanism. Five candidate microRNAs were identified through the in silico approach. The MicroRNA target prediction and subsequent correlation, and prioritization were performed using miRTarBase, gbCRC and CoReCG, and DAVID databases respectively. Protein selection and preparation were carried out using PDB and Schrödinger suits. The molecular docking analysis was performed using PATCHDOCK webserver and visualized by discovery studio visualizer. The results of the study reveal that the candidate microRNAs have strong binding affinity towards their targets suggesting a crucial factor in the silencing mechanism. Furthermore, the molecular docking of the receptor to both the microRNA and microRNA-mRNA duplex were analyzed computationally to understand their interaction at the molecular level. Conclusively, the study provides an explanation for understanding the microRNAs-based gene regulation (silencing mechanism) in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adewale O Fadaka
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535 Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Ashley Pretorius
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535 Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Ashwil Klein
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535 Cape Town, South Africa.
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15
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Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M, Darband SG, Kaviani M, Mihanfar A, Aghazadeh Attari J, Yousefi B, Majidinia M. DNA damage response and repair in colorectal cancer: Defects, regulation and therapeutic implications. DNA Repair (Amst) 2018; 69:34-52. [PMID: 30055507 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
DNA damage response, a key factor involved in maintaining genome integrity and stability, consists of several kinase-dependent signaling pathways, which sense and transduce DNA damage signal. The severity of damage appears to determine DNA damage responses, which can include cell cycle arrest, damage repair and apoptosis. A number of recent studies have demonstrated that defection in signaling through this network is thought to be an underlying mechanism behind the development and progression of various types of human malignancies, including colorectal cancer. In this review, colorectal cancer and its molecular pathology as well as DNA damage response is briefly introduced. Finally, the involvement of key components of this network in the initiation/progression, prognosis, response to treatment and development of drug resistance is comprehensively discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari
- Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saber Ghazizadeh Darband
- Danesh Pey Hadi Co., Health Technology Development Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Kaviani
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Ainaz Mihanfar
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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16
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Ritenour LE, Randall MP, Bosse KR, Diskin SJ. Genetic susceptibility to neuroblastoma: current knowledge and future directions. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 372:287-307. [PMID: 29589100 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2820-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma, a malignancy of the developing peripheral nervous system that affects infants and young children, is a complex genetic disease. Over the past two decades, significant progress has been made toward understanding the genetic determinants that predispose to this often lethal childhood cancer. Approximately 1-2% of neuroblastomas are inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion and a combination of co-morbidity and linkage studies has led to the identification of germline mutations in PHOX2B and ALK as the major genetic contributors to this familial neuroblastoma subset. The genetic basis of "sporadic" neuroblastoma is being studied through a large genome-wide association study (GWAS). These efforts have led to the discovery of many common susceptibility alleles, each with modest effect size, associated with the development and progression of sporadic neuroblastoma. More recently, next-generation sequencing efforts have expanded the list of potential neuroblastoma-predisposing mutations to include rare germline variants with a predicted larger effect size. The evolving characterization of neuroblastoma's genetic basis has led to a deeper understanding of the molecular events driving tumorigenesis, more precise risk stratification and prognostics and novel therapeutic strategies. This review details the contemporary understanding of neuroblastoma's genetic predisposition, including recent advances and discusses ongoing efforts to address gaps in our knowledge regarding this malignancy's complex genetic underpinnings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Ritenour
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael P Randall
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kristopher R Bosse
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sharon J Diskin
- Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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17
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Pilyugin M, André PA, Ratajska M, Kuzniacka A, Limon J, Tournier BB, Colas J, Laurent G, Irminger-Finger I. Antagonizing functions of BARD1 and its alternatively spliced variant BARD1δ in telomere stability. Oncotarget 2018; 8:9339-9353. [PMID: 28030839 PMCID: PMC5354735 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous reports have shown that expression of BARD1δ, a deletion-bearing isoform of BARD1, correlates with tumor aggressiveness and progression. We show that expression of BARD1δ induces cell cycle arrest in vitro and in vivo in non-malignant cells. We investigated the mechanism that leads to proliferation arrest and found that BARD1δ overexpression induced mitotic arrest with chromosome and telomere aberrations in cell cultures, in transgenic mice, and in cells from human breast and ovarian cancer patients with BARD1 mutations. BARD1δ binds more efficiently than BARD1 to telomere binding proteins and causes their depletion from telomeres, leading to telomere and chromosomal instability. While this induces cell cycle arrest, cancer cells lacking G2/M checkpoint controls might continue to proliferate despite the BARD1δ-induced chromosomal instability. These features of BARD1δ may make it a genome permutator and a driver of continuous uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Pilyugin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Alain André
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Magdalena Ratajska
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland.,Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, University of Western Australia and Institute of Respiratory Health, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Alina Kuzniacka
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland
| | - Janusz Limon
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland
| | - Benjamin B Tournier
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Vulnerability Biomarkers Unit, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julien Colas
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Geoff Laurent
- Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, University of Western Australia and Institute of Respiratory Health, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Irmgard Irminger-Finger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.,Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, University of Western Australia and Institute of Respiratory Health, Nedlands, Australia.,Department of Genetic and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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18
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Key genes and regulatory networks involved in the initiation, progression and invasion of colorectal cancer. Future Sci OA 2018; 4:FSO278. [PMID: 29568567 PMCID: PMC5859335 DOI: 10.4155/fsoa-2017-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Until now, identification of drug targets for treatment of patients with specific stages of colorectal cancer (CRC) has remained a challenging field of research. Herein, we aimed to identify the key genes and regulatory networks involved in each stage of CRC. Results The results of gene expression profiles were integrated with protein-protein interaction networks, and topologically analyzed. The most important regulatory genes (e.g., CDK1, UBC, ESR1 and ATXN1) and signaling pathways (e.g., Wnt, MAPK and JAK-STAT) in CRC initiation, progression and metastasis were identified. In vitro analysis confirmed some in silico findings. Conclusion Our study introduces functional hub genes, subnetworks, prioritizes signaling pathways and novel biomarkers in CRC that may guide further development of targeted therapy programs.
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19
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Pilyugin M, Descloux P, André PA, Laszlo V, Dome B, Hegedus B, Sardy S, Janes S, Bianco A, Laurent GJ, Irminger-Finger I. BARD1 serum autoantibodies for the detection of lung cancer. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182356. [PMID: 28786985 PMCID: PMC5546601 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Currently the screening for lung cancer for risk groups is based on Computed Tomography (CT) or low dose CT (LDCT); however, the lung cancer death rate has not decreased significantly with people undergoing LDCT. We aimed to develop a simple reliable blood test for early detection of all types of lung cancer based on the immunogenicity of aberrant forms of BARD1 that are specifically upregulated in lung cancer. METHODS ELISA assays were performed with a panel of BARD1 epitopes to detect serum levels of antibodies against BARD1 epitopes. We tested 194 blood samples from healthy donors and lung cancer patients with a panel of 40 BARD1 antigens. Using fitted Lasso logistic regression we determined the optimal combination of BARD1 antigens to be used in ELISA for discriminating lung cancer from healthy controls. Random selection of samples for training sets or validations sets was applied to validate the accuracy of our test. RESULTS Fitted Lasso logistic regression models predict high accuracy of the BARD1 autoimmune antibody test with an AUC = 0.96. Validation in independent samples provided and AUC = 0.86 and identical AUCs were obtained for combined stages 1-3 and late stage 4 lung cancers. The BARD1 antibody test is highly specific for lung cancer and not breast or ovarian cancer. CONCLUSION The BARD1 lung cancer test shows higher sensitivity and specificity than previously published blood tests for lung cancer detection and/or diagnosis or CT scans, and it could detect all types and all stages of lung cancer. This BARD1 lung cancer test could therefore be further developed as i) screening test for early detection of lung cancers in high-risk groups, and ii) diagnostic aid in complementing CT scan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Pilyugin
- Molecular Gynecology and Obstetrics Laboratory, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Genetics and Laboratories, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Pierre-Alain André
- Molecular Gynecology and Obstetrics Laboratory, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Genetics and Laboratories, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Viktoria Laszlo
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Balazs Dome
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Institute of Oncology-Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balazs Hegedus
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Molecular Oncology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences-Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hunagary
| | - Sylvain Sardy
- Departement of Mathematics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Janes
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, Rayne Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Bianco
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze della Salute “V. Tiberio”, Università del Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Geoffrey J. Laurent
- Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia and Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, Australia
| | - Irmgard Irminger-Finger
- Molecular Gynecology and Obstetrics Laboratory, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Genetics and Laboratories, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia and Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, Australia
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20
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Ozden O, Bishehsari F, Bauer J, Park SH, Jana A, Baik SH, Sporn JC, Staudacher JJ, Yazici C, Krett N, Jung B. Expression of an Oncogenic BARD1 Splice Variant Impairs Homologous Recombination and Predicts Response to PARP-1 Inhibitor Therapy in Colon Cancer. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26273. [PMID: 27197561 PMCID: PMC4873788 DOI: 10.1038/srep26273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BRCA1-associated RING domain protein 1 (BARD1) stabilizes BRCA1 protein by forming a heterodimeric RING-RING complex, and impacts function of BRCA1, including homologous recombination (HR) repair. Although colon cancer cells usually express wild type BRCA1, presence of an oncogenic BARD1 splice variant (SV) in select cancers may render BRCA1 dysfunctional and allow cells to become sensitive to HR targeting therapies. We previously reported association of loss of full-length (FL) BARD1 with poor prognosis in colon cancer as well as expression of various BARD1 SVs with unknown function. Here we show that loss of BARD1 function through the expression of a BARD1 SV, BARD1β, results in a more malignant phenotype with decreased RAD51 foci formation, reduced BRCA1 E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, and decreased nuclear BRCA1 protein localization. BARD1β sensitizes colon cancer cells to poly ADP ribose polymerase 1 (PARP-1) inhibition even in a FL BRCA1 background. These results suggest that expression of BARD1β may serve as a future biomarker to assess suitability of colon cancers for HR targeting with PARP-1 inhibitors in treatment of advanced colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozkan Ozden
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, U.S.A
| | - Faraz Bishehsari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, U.S.A
| | - Jessica Bauer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, U.S.A
| | - Seong-Hoon Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Robert Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, U.S.A
| | - Arundhati Jana
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, U.S.A
| | - Seung Hyun Baik
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, U.S.A
| | - Judith C Sporn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, U.S.A
| | - Jonas J Staudacher
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, U.S.A
| | - Cemal Yazici
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, U.S.A
| | - Nancy Krett
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, U.S.A
| | - Barbara Jung
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, U.S.A
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21
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New concepts on BARD1: Regulator of BRCA pathways and beyond. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 72:1-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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André PA, Prêle CM, Vierkotten S, Carnesecchi S, Donati Y, Chambers RC, Pache JC, Crestani B, Barazzone-Argiroffo C, Königshoff M, Laurent GJ, Irminger-Finger I. BARD1 mediates TGF-β signaling in pulmonary fibrosis. Respir Res 2015; 16:118. [PMID: 26415510 PMCID: PMC4587901 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-015-0278-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rapid progressive fibro-proliferative disorder with poor prognosis similar to lung cancer. The pathogenesis of IPF is uncertain, but loss of epithelial cells and fibroblast proliferation are thought to be central processes. Previous reports have shown that BARD1 expression is upregulated in response to hypoxia and associated with TGF-β signaling, both recognized factors driving lung fibrosis. Differentially spliced BARD1 isoforms, in particular BARD1β, are oncogenic drivers of proliferation in cancers of various origins. We therefore hypothesized that BARD1 and/or its isoforms might play a role in lung fibrosis. METHODS We investigated BARD1 expression as a function of TGF-β in cultured cells, in mice with experimentally induced lung fibrosis, and in lung biopsies from pulmonary fibrosis patients. RESULTS FL BARD1 and BARD1β were upregulated in response to TGF-β in epithelial cells and fibroblasts in vitro and in vivo. Protein and mRNA expression studies showed very low expression in healthy lung tissues, but upregulated expression of full length (FL) BARD1 and BARD1β in fibrotic tissues. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that FL BARD1 and BARD1β might be mediators of pleiotropic effects of TGF-β. In particular BARD1β might be a driver of proliferation and of pulmonary fibrosis pathogenesis and progression and represent a target for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Alain André
- Molecular Gynecology and Obstetrics Laboratory, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Department of Genetic and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Cecilia M Prêle
- Institute for Respiratory Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia. .,Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
| | - Sarah Vierkotten
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Ludwig Maximilians University, University Hospital Grosshadern and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.
| | - Stéphanie Carnesecchi
- Department of Pediatrics and Pathology/Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Yves Donati
- Department of Pediatrics and Pathology/Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Rachel C Chambers
- Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Jean-Claude Pache
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Bruno Crestani
- INSERM, Unité 1152, University of Paris Diderot and Hopital Bichat, Paris, France.
| | | | - Melanie Königshoff
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Ludwig Maximilians University, University Hospital Grosshadern and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.
| | - Geoffrey J Laurent
- Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
| | - Irmgard Irminger-Finger
- Molecular Gynecology and Obstetrics Laboratory, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Department of Genetic and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. .,Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
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Wiener D, Gajardo-Meneses P, Ortega-Hernández V, Herrera-Cares C, Díaz S, Fernández W, Cornejo V, Gamboa J, Tapia T, Alvarez C, Carvallo P. BRCA1 and BARD1 colocalize mainly in the cytoplasm of breast cancer tumors, and their isoforms show differential expression. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015; 153:669-78. [PMID: 26395808 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-015-3575-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BRCA1 has been found to be absent or miss localized in the cytoplasm in a relevant proportion of breast cancer tumors with no germline mutations. BRCA1 main function is in the nucleus, and its interaction with BARD1 is relevant for its nuclear translocation and retention. Our aim was to analyze the sub-cellular localization of BRCA1 and BARD1 in breast cancer tumors, and determine the level of expression of their splice variants BRCA1-Δ11q and BARD1-α and BARD1-β. BRCA1 and BARD1 expressions were performed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence in 103 breast cancer tumors. Colocalization was determined by confocal microscopy. Transcript variants were determined by qRT-PCR. We found BRCA1 localized in the cytoplasm with BARD1 in 51.4 % of tumors. An exclusive nuclear localization of both proteins was observed in 7/103 tumors (6.8 %). Indeed, these tumors displayed an apparent nucleolar colocalization of BARD1 and BRCA1. In relation to splice variants, there is a tendency to an overexpression of BARD1-α mRNA (30 % of tumors) and a decreased expression of BARD1-β (41 %). BRCA1 full-length was downregulated in 63 % of tumors, and 37 % showed BRCA1-Δ11q variant overexpressed. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the expression and sub-cellular localization of BRCA1 in breast cancer tumors. Interaction of BRCA1 and BARD1 seems to be not affected in 58.2 % of tumors, which showed colocalization of both proteins. The absence of BRCA1 in 41 % of tumors reveals a BRCAness phenotype, constituting an excellent marker for therapy sensitivity, to platinum drugs or PARP inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Wiener
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Portugal 49 3rd floor, Postal code 8330025, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricia Gajardo-Meneses
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Portugal 49 3rd floor, Postal code 8330025, Santiago, Chile
| | - Victoria Ortega-Hernández
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Portugal 49 3rd floor, Postal code 8330025, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristóbal Herrera-Cares
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Portugal 49 3rd floor, Postal code 8330025, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastián Díaz
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Portugal 49 3rd floor, Postal code 8330025, Santiago, Chile
| | - Wanda Fernández
- Unidad de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Clínico San Borja Arriarán, Santiago, Chile
| | - Valeria Cornejo
- Unidad de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Clínico San Borja Arriarán, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Gamboa
- Unidad de Patología Mamaria, Hospital Clínico San Borja Arriarán, Santiago, Chile
| | - Teresa Tapia
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Portugal 49 3rd floor, Postal code 8330025, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Alvarez
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Portugal 49 3rd floor, Postal code 8330025, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pilar Carvallo
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Portugal 49 3rd floor, Postal code 8330025, Santiago, Chile.
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24
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RATAJSKA MAGDALENA, MATUSIAK MAGDALENA, KUZNIACKA ALINA, WASAG BARTOSZ, BROZEK IZABELA, BIERNAT WOJCIECH, KOCZKOWSKA MAGDALENA, DEBNIAK JAROSLAW, SNIADECKI MARCIN, KOZLOWSKI PIOTR, KLONOWSKA KATARZYNA, PILYUGIN MAXIM, WYDRA DARIUSZ, LAURENT GEOFF, LIMON JANUSZ, IRMINGER-FINGER IRMGARD. Cancer predisposing BARD1 mutations affect exon skipping and are associated with overexpression of specific BARD1 isoforms. Oncol Rep 2015; 34:2609-17. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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25
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Ip JCY, Pang TCY, Glover AR, Soon P, Zhao JT, Clarke S, Robinson BG, Gill AJ, Sidhu SB. Immunohistochemical validation of overexpressed genes identified by global expression microarrays in adrenocortical carcinoma reveals potential predictive and prognostic biomarkers. Oncologist 2015; 20:247-56. [PMID: 25657202 PMCID: PMC4350804 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2014-0392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy with a poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to identify novel protein signatures that would predict clinical outcomes in a large cohort of patients with ACC based on data from previous gene expression microarray studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS A tissue microarray was generated from the paraffin tissue blocks of 61 patients with clinical outcomes data. Selected protein biomarkers based on previous gene expression microarray profiling studies were selected, and immunohistochemistry staining was performed. Staining patterns were correlated with clinical outcomes, and a multivariate analysis was undertaken to identify potential biomarkers of prognosis. RESULTS Median overall survival was 45 months, with a 5-year overall survival rate of 44%. Median disease-free survival was 58 months, with a 5-year disease-free survival rate of 44%. The proliferation marker Ki-67 and DNA topoisomerase TOP2A were associated with significantly poorer overall and disease-free survival. The results also showed strong correlation between the transcriptional repressor EZH2 and TOP2A expression, suggesting a novel role for EZH2 as an additional marker of prognosis. In contrast, increased expression of the BARD1 protein, with its ubiquitin ligase function, was associated with significantly improved overall and disease-free survival, which has yet to be documented for ACC. CONCLUSION We present novel biomarkers that assist in determining prognosis for patients with ACC. Ki-67, TOP2A, and EZH2 were all significantly associated with poorer outcomes, whereas BARD1 was associated with improved overall survival. It is hoped that these biomarkers may help tailor additional therapy and be potential targets for directed therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian C Y Ip
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Endocrine and Oncology Surgical Unit, and Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Clinical School, and Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tony C Y Pang
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Endocrine and Oncology Surgical Unit, and Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Clinical School, and Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anthony R Glover
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Endocrine and Oncology Surgical Unit, and Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Clinical School, and Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Patsy Soon
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Endocrine and Oncology Surgical Unit, and Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Clinical School, and Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jing Ting Zhao
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Endocrine and Oncology Surgical Unit, and Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Clinical School, and Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen Clarke
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Endocrine and Oncology Surgical Unit, and Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Clinical School, and Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bruce G Robinson
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Endocrine and Oncology Surgical Unit, and Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Clinical School, and Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anthony J Gill
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Endocrine and Oncology Surgical Unit, and Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Clinical School, and Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stan B Sidhu
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Endocrine and Oncology Surgical Unit, and Department of Anatomical Pathology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Northern Clinical School, and Department of Surgery, Westmead Hospital, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Liu X, Zhang X, Chen Y, Yang X, Xing Y, Ma L. Association of three common BARD1 variants with cancer susceptibility: a system review and meta-analysis. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:311-321. [PMID: 25785002 PMCID: PMC4358457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BARD1 has been shown to play tumor suppressive roles in human cancer. We performed this meta-analysis and firstly evaluated the association between three common BARD1 polymorphisms (Arg378Ser, Val507Met and Pro24Ser) and cancer susceptibility. We performed this meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, OVID and Web of Science databases was done from database inception to August 2014. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were combined to measure the association between BARD1 polymorphisms and cancer risk. On the basis of 10 studies about BARD1 polymorphisms and cancer, we found that BARD1 Val507Met (G/A) polymorphism was associated with decreased cancer susceptibility (allelic model: OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.66-0.87, P < 0.00001; dominant model: OR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.65-0.91, P < 0.00001; recessive model: OR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.55-0.74, P < 0.00001; homozygote comparison: OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.49-0.70, P < 0.00001; heterozygote comparison: OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.74-0.99 , P = 0.0008). BARD1 Pro24Ser (C/T) polymorphism was also associated decreased cancer risk in allelic model (OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.60-0.88, P = 0.0009), dominant model (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.56-0.87, P = 0.004), recessive model (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.56-0.87 , P = 0.004), homozygote comparison (OR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.39-0.78, P = 0.0007) and heterozygote comparison (OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.62-0.91, P = 0.004). And in our sensitivity analysis, when deleting the study performed by Capasso in 2009, we found that BARD1 Arg378Ser polymorphism was associated with decreased cancer risk in allelic model (OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.67-0.97, P = 0.02), dominant model (OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.56-0.91, P = 0.007) and heterozygote comparison (OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.57-0.91, 0 = 0.006). In conclusion, BARD1 Arg378Ser, Val507Met and Pro24Ser may be associated with decreased cancer risk. More studies with larger samples and gene-environment interactions are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfan Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji UniversityShanghai 200072, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Oncology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200336, China
| | - Xiyi Yang
- Department of Oncology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200336, China
| | - Yi Xing
- Department of Oncology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200336, China
| | - Lijun Ma
- Department of Oncology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghai 200336, China
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Pilyugin M, Irminger-Finger I. Long non-coding RNA and microRNAs might act in regulating the expression of BARD1 mRNAs. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 54:356-67. [PMID: 25008968 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2014.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are ubiquitously expressed RNA molecules of more than 200 nucleotides without substantial ORFs. LncRNAs could act as epigenetic regulators of gene expression affecting transcription, mRNA stability and transport, and translation, although, precise functions have been attributed to only few of them. Competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) represent one recently emerged type of functional lncRNAs that share microRNA recognition sequences with mRNAs and may compete for microRNA binding and thus affect regulation and function of target mRNAs. We studied the epigenetic regulation of the BARD1 gene. The BARD1 protein acts as tumor suppressor with BRCA1. In cancer, mRNAs encoding the tumor suppressor full length BARD1 are often down-regulated while the expression of oncogenic truncated isoforms is boosted. We found that the BARD1 3'UTR is almost 3000nt long and harbors a large number of microRNA binding elements. In addition we discovered a novel lncRNA, BARD1 9'L, which is transcribed from an alternative promoter in intron 9 of the BARD1 gene and shares part of the 3'UTR with the protein coding BARD1 mRNAs. We demonstrate with the example of two microRNAs, miR-203 and miR-101, that they down-regulate the expression of FL BARD1 and cancer-associated BARD1 mRNAs, and that BARD1 9'L counteracts the effect of miR-203 and miR-101, As BARD1 9'L is abnormally over-expressed in human cancers, we suggest it might be a tumor promoting factor and treatment target. This article is part of a Directed Issue entitled: The Non-coding RNA Revolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Pilyugin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Department of Medical Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, 2, Chemin du Petit Bel Air, 1225 Geneva, GE, Switzerland.
| | - Irmgard Irminger-Finger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics and Department of Medical Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, 2, Chemin du Petit Bel Air, 1225 Geneva, GE, Switzerland
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Differential survival trends of stage II colorectal cancer patients relate to promoter methylation status of PCDH10, SPARC, and UCHL1. Mod Pathol 2014; 27:906-15. [PMID: 24309322 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2013.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Surgical excision of colorectal cancer at early clinical stages is highly effective, but 20-30% of patients relapse. Therefore, it is of clinical relevance to identify patients at high risk for recurrence, who would benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. The objective of this study was to identify prognostic and/or predictive methylation markers in stage II colorectal cancer patients. Therefore, we selected six gene promoters (FZD9, PCDH10 (protocadherin 10), SFRP2, SPARC (secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine), UCHL1 (ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 1), and WIF1) for methylation analysis in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded primary tumor samples of colorectal cancer patients (n=143) who were enrolled in a prospective randomized phase III trial of the Austrian Breast and Colorectal cancer Study Group. Patients were randomized to adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin or surveillance only. Survival analyses revealed that combined evaluation of three promoters (PCDH10, SPARC, and UCHL1) showed differential effects with regard to disease-free survival and overall survival in the two treatment groups (significance level 0.007). In the chemotherapy arm, a statistically insignificant trend for patients without methylation toward longer survival was observed (P=0.069 for disease-free survival and P=0.139 for overall survival). Contrary, patients in the surveillance arm without methylation in their gene promoters had shorter disease-free survival and overall survival (P=0.031 for disease-free survival and P=0.003 for overall survival), indicating a prognostic effect of methylation in this group (test for interaction, P=0.006 for disease-free survival and P=0.018 for overall survival). These results indicate that promoter methylation status of PCDH10, SPARC, and UCHL1 may be used both as prognostic and predictive molecular marker for colorectal cancer patients and, therefore, may facilitate treatment decisions for stage II colorectal cancer.
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Chen J, Weiss WA. Alternative splicing in cancer: implications for biology and therapy. Oncogene 2014; 34:1-14. [PMID: 24441040 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alternative splicing has critical roles in normal development and can promote growth and survival in cancer. Aberrant splicing, the production of noncanonical and cancer-specific mRNA transcripts, can lead to loss-of-function in tumor suppressors or activation of oncogenes and cancer pathways. Emerging data suggest that aberrant splicing products and loss of canonically spliced variants correlate with stage and progression in malignancy. Here, we review the splicing landscape of TP53, BARD1 and AR to illuminate roles for alternative splicing in cancer. We also examine the intersection between alternative splicing pathways and novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Chen
- 1] Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA [2] Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - W A Weiss
- 1] Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA [2] Department of Neurological Surgery and Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Liu H, Zhang H, Sun X, He Y, Li J, Guo X. A cross-sectional study of associations between nonsynonymous mutations of the BARD1 gene and breast cancer in Han Chinese women. Asia Pac J Public Health 2014; 25:8S-14S. [PMID: 23966609 DOI: 10.1177/1010539513497220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The PCR-PIRA and PCR-RFLP techniques were used for BARD1 genotyping. Correlations between gene polymorphisms and the susceptibility to breast cancer were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS showed that compared with the wild type of 378 Arg/Arg of BRAD1, the homozygotic type of 378 Ser/Ser with Arg378Ser site mutation had a protective effect (adjusted odds ratio: 0.628, 95% confidence interval: 0.306-1.145). Compared with individuals carrying the wild type of 24Pro/Pro, the disease risk of individuals with the heterozygous type of 24 Pro/Ser decreased by 30.6% and that with the mutational homozygotic type of 24 Ser/Ser decreased by 43.8%. SNP sites rs2229571 and rs1048108 of BARD1 are associated with a lower risk of breast cancer but not rs2070094.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Breast Department, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.
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Yan B, Lim M, Zhou L, Kuick CH, Leong MY, Yong KJ, Aung L, Salto-Tellez M, Chang KTE. Identification of MET genomic amplification, protein expression and alternative splice isoforms in neuroblastomas. J Clin Pathol 2013; 66:985-91. [PMID: 23801497 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2012-201375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crizotinib, a dual anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is currently being evaluated for the treatment of neuroblastoma. Its effects are thought to be mediated mainly via its activity against ALK. Although MET genomic/protein expression status might conceivably affect crizotinib efficacy, this issue has hitherto not received attention in neuroblastomas. AIMS/METHODS MET genomic and protein expression status was characterised by silver in situ hybridisation and immunohistochemistry (IHC) respectively, in a cohort of 54 neuroblastoma samples. MET splice isoforms were characterised in 15 of these samples by quantitative PCR. RESULTS One case (1/54; prevalence 1.85%) displayed MET genomic amplification, while another case (1/54; prevalence 1.85%) displayed strong membranous MET protein expression (IHC score 3+). Alternative exon 10-deleted and exon 14-deleted MET splice isoforms were identified. CONCLUSIONS MET amplification and protein expression, although low in prevalence, are present in neuroblastomas. This has implications when crizotinib is employed as a therapeutic agent in neuroblastomas. Additionally, the existence of alternatively spliced MET isoforms may have clinical and biological implications in neuroblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedict Yan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
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