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Goleij P, Pourali G, Raisi A, Ravaei F, Golestan S, Abed A, Razavi ZS, Zarepour F, Taghavi SP, Ahmadi Asouri S, Rafiei M, Mousavi SM, Hamblin MR, Talei S, Sheida A, Mirzaei H. Role of Non-coding RNAs in the Response of Glioblastoma to Temozolomide. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04316-z. [PMID: 39023794 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04316-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are widely used in clinical practice across the globe as cancer treatments. Intrinsic or acquired chemoresistance poses a significant problem for medical practitioners and researchers, causing tumor recurrence and metastasis. The most dangerous kind of malignant brain tumor is called glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) that often recurs following surgery. The most often used medication for treating GBM is temozolomide chemotherapy; however, most patients eventually become resistant. Researchers are studying preclinical models that accurately reflect human disease and can be used to speed up drug development to overcome chemoresistance in GBM. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been shown to be substantial in regulating tumor development and facilitating treatment resistance in several cancers, such as GBM. In this work, we mentioned the mechanisms of how different ncRNAs (microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs) can regulate temozolomide chemosensitivity in GBM. We also address the role of these ncRNAs encapsulated inside secreted exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouya Goleij
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran
- USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Pourali
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arash Raisi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ravaei
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Shahin Golestan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atena Abed
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Zahra Sadat Razavi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Zarepour
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Seyed Pouya Taghavi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sahar Ahmadi Asouri
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Moein Rafiei
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mojtaba Mousavi
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | - Sahand Talei
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amirhossein Sheida
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Han Z, Wang Y, Han L, Yang C. RPN2 in cancer: An overview. Gene 2023; 857:147168. [PMID: 36621657 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Oncogenes together with tumor suppresser genes are confirmed to regulate tumor phenotype in human cancers. RPN2, widely verified as an oncogene, encodes a protein that is part of an N-oligosaccharyl transferase, and is observed to be aberrantly expressed in human malignancies. Accumulating evidence unveils the vital functions of RPN2, contributing to tumorigenicity, metastasis, progression, and multi-drug resistance. Furthermore, previous studies partly indicated that RPN2 was involved in tumor progression via contributing to N-glycosylation and regulating multiple signaling pathways. In addition, RPN2 was also confirmed as a downstream target involved in tumor progression. Moreover, with demonstrated prognosis value and therapeutic target, RPN2 was also determined as a promising biomarker for forecasting patients' prognostic and therapy efficacy. In the present review, we aimed to summarize the present studies of RPN2 in cancer, and enhance the understanding of RPN2's extensive functions and clinical significances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengxuan Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumour Biological Behaviours, Wuhan, China; Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China; The Clinical Medical Research Center of Peritoneal Cancer of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - You Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumour Biological Behaviours, Wuhan, China; Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China; The Clinical Medical Research Center of Peritoneal Cancer of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Chaogang Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumour Biological Behaviours, Wuhan, China; Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China; The Clinical Medical Research Center of Peritoneal Cancer of Wuhan, Wuhan, China.
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RPNs Levels Are Prognostic and Diagnostic Markers for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:7270541. [PMID: 36072976 PMCID: PMC9444382 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7270541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The ribophorin family (RPN) is an essential regulatory subunit of the proteasome. By influencing the ubiquitin-proteasome system activity, ribophorins (RPNs) are responsible for almost all physiology and pathology processes of mammalian cells. Nevertheless, little is known about the role of RPNs in HCC. In this work, we first evaluated the transcriptional levels and the prognostic and diagnostic value of RPNs based on the public database. Firstly, we found all RPNs were surprisingly consistently upregulated in HCC tissues. Moreover, the RPNs' expression pattern is correlated with HCC tumor grade. The TCGA HCC platforms' data indicated that RPN2, RPN3, RPN6, RPN9, RPN10, RPN11, and RPN12 have robust diagnosis values. Then, survival analysis revealed that the high expression of RPN1, RPN2, RPN4, RPN5, RPN6, RPN9, and RPN11 was correlated with unfavourable HCC overall survival. Then, genetic alteration, immune infiltration feature, gene-genes network, and functional enrichment for RPNs indicated that RPNs have many potential biosynthesis activities expert for UPS functions. Moreover, western blot and qRT-PCR results confirmed these results. The silencing of RPN6 and RPN9 significantly reduced HCC cells' proliferation, migration, and invasion ability in vitro. An in vivo tumor model further validated the oncogene effect of RPN6 on HCC cell growth. Moreover, RPN6 and RPN9 could promote cell migratory and invasive potential by affecting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. In summary, this study suggests that the RPN family has the potential to be potential biomarkers and targets for HCC.
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Huang YC, Yuan TM, Liu BH, Liu KL, Wung CH, Chuang SM. Capsaicin Potentiates Anticancer Drug Efficacy Through Autophagy-Mediated Ribophorin II Downregulation and Necroptosis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:676813. [PMID: 34512323 PMCID: PMC8429935 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.676813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of capsaicin co-treatment to sensitize cancer cells to anticancer drugs has been widely documented, but the detailed underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In addition, the role of ribophorin II turnover on chemosensitization is still uncertain. Here, we investigated capsaicin-induced sensitization to chemotherapeutic agents in the human oral squamous carcinoma cell lines, HSC-3 and SAS. We found that capsaicin (200 μM) did not induce remarkable apoptotic cell death in these cell lines; instead, it significantly enhanced autophagy with a concomitant decrease of ribophorin II protein. This capsaicin-induced decrease in ribophorin II was intensified by the autophagy inducer, rapamycin, but attenuated by the autophagy inhibitors, ULK1 inhibitor and chloroquine, indicating that the autophagic process was responsible for the capsaicin-induced down-regulation of ribophorin II. Co-administration of capsaicin with conventional anticancer agents did, indeed, sensitize the cancer cells to these agents. In co-treated cells, the induction of apoptosis was significantly reduced and the levels of the necroptosis markers, phospho-MLKL and phospho-RIP3, were increased relative to the levels seen in capsaicin treatment alone. The levels of DNA damage response markers were also diminished by co-treatment. Collectively, our results reveal a novel mechanism by which capsaicin sensitizes oral cancer cells to anticancer drugs through the up-regulation of autophagy and down-regulation of ribophorin II, and further indicate that the induction of necroptosis is a critical factor in the capsaicin-mediated chemosensitization of oral squamous carcinoma cells to conventional anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ching Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Ming Yuan
- Department of Surgery, Feng Yuan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bang-Hung Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Li Liu
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Hua Wung
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Show-Mei Chuang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Ribophorin II Overexpression Is Associated with Poor Response to Induction Chemotherapy with Docetaxel, Cisplatin, and Fluorouracil in P16-Negative Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10184118. [PMID: 34575229 PMCID: PMC8464953 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10184118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the relationship between human ribophorin II (RPN2) and the effect of treatment using induction therapy with docetaxel, cisplatin, and fluorouracil (TPF) for p-16 negative locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). A total of 203 patients with locally advanced p-16 negative HNSCC who received induction chemotherapy with TPF at the Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital between 2009 and 2014 were enrolled. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for RPN2 was examined and correlated with treatment outcome. Our study showed that RPN2 overexpression was significantly correlated with a poor response to induction chemotherapy with TPF. Both RPN2 overexpression and clinical N1 to N3 stages represented adverse prognostic factors for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). RPN2 might be a predictive marker for treatment response to induction chemotherapy. Further clinical trials are needed to determine the therapeutic significance of RPN2 in patients with HNSCC.
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Wang B, Liu W, Jiang X, Li J, Hu X, Li L, Gu Q. Overexpression of ribophorin II is required for viability of nasopharyngeal cancer cells by regulating JAK1/STAT3 activation. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2021; 43:471-477. [PMID: 34184962 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2021.1942038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to elucidate the role of ribophorin II (RPN2) in nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) cell survival and death. RPN2 expression was upregulated in 22 human NPC specimens and 5-8F and CNE1 cells compared with that in adjacent normal tissues and normal nasopharyngeal NP69 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS CCK-8 and colony formation assays indicated that the silencing of RPN2 hindered the proliferation and growth of 5-8F and CNE1 cells. RESULTS RPN2 expression was upregulated in 22 human NPC specimens as well as in 5-8F and CNE1 cells compared with that in adjacent normal tissues and NP69 cells. CCK-8 and colony formation assays indicated that the silencing of RPN2 reduced the proliferation and growth of 5-8F and CNE1 cells. Annexin V/PI flow cytometry and Bcl-2/Bax analysis showed that RPN2 silencing led to increased apoptosis. Moreover, JAK1 was found to interact with RPN2, and total JAK1, STAT3, and phosphorylated STAT3 levels were dramatically decreased in cells with RPN2 silencing. Furthermore, the nuclear localization of STAT3 was blocked by the silencing of RPN2. The administration of the STAT3 activator colivelin could offset the inhibitory effect of RPN2 silencing on the survival and apoptosis of NPC cells. CONCLUSION RPN2 is upregulated in NPC tissues or cells, and RPN2 silencing repressed NPC cell proliferation and elicited apoptosis. RPN2 overexpression is possibly associated with JAK1/STAT3 silencing and activation. Finally, RPN2 represents a promising target for NPC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaodong Hu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Liping Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Qianqian Gu
- Department of Geriatrics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
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Zhang W, Wu G, Sun P, Zhu Y, Zhang H. circ_SMAD2 regulate colorectal cancer cells proliferation through targeting miR-1258/RPN2 signaling pathway. J Cancer 2021; 12:1678-1686. [PMID: 33613755 PMCID: PMC7890329 DOI: 10.7150/jca.50888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are associated with various diseases, including cancers. However, their roles in colorectal cancer (CRC) have not been established. Hsa_circ_0000847 (circ_SMAD2) is a novel circRNA that was found to be elevated in CRC cell lines and tissues. High circ_SMAD2 levels were positively correlated with CRC clinicopathological features. Functional assays revealed that circ_SMAD2 enhanced CRC cell invasion, proliferation, and tumor growth. Mechanistically, circ_SMAD2 elevated Ribophorin II (RPN2) levels by inhibiting miR-1258. Therefore, circ_SMAD2 is a potential indicator for CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Peichun Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanzeng Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, People's Republic of China
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RPN2 is targeted by miR-181c and mediates glioma progression and temozolomide sensitivity via the wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:890. [PMID: 33087705 PMCID: PMC7578010 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03113-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that the dysregulation of the miRNAs/mRNA-mediated carcinogenic signaling pathway network is intimately involved in glioma initiation and progression. In the present study, by performing experiments and bioinformatics analysis, we found that RPN2 was markedly elevated in glioma specimens compared with normal controls, and its upregulation was significantly linked to WHO grade and poor prognosis. Knockdown of RPN2 inhibited tumor proliferation and invasion, promoted apoptosis, and enhanced temozolomide (TMZ) sensitivity in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic investigation revealed that RPN2 deletion repressed β-catenin/Tcf-4 transcription activity partly through functional activation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β). Furthermore, we showed that RPN2 is a direct functional target of miR-181c. Ectopic miR-181c expression suppressed β-catenin/Tcf-4 activity, while restoration of RPN2 partly reversed this inhibitory effect mediated by miR-181c, implying a molecular mechanism in which TMZ sensitivity is mediated by miR-181c. Taken together, our data revealed a new miR-181c/RPN2/wnt/β-catenin signaling axis that plays significant roles in glioma tumorigenesis and TMZ resistance, and it represents a potential therapeutic target, especially in GBM.
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Sun J, Chen Z, Xiong J, Wang Q, Tang F, Zhang X, Mo L, Wang C, Fan W, Wang J. MicroRNA‑422a functions as a tumor suppressor in glioma by regulating the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway via RPN2. Oncol Rep 2020; 44:2108-2120. [PMID: 33000268 PMCID: PMC7550978 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs), which act as crucial regulators of oncogenes and tumor suppressors, have been confirmed to play a significant role in the initiation and progression of various malignancies, including glioma. The present study analyzed the expression and roles of miR‑422a in glioma, and reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR confirmed that miR‑422a expression was significantly lower in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) samples and cell lines compared with the low‑grade glioma samples and the H4 cell line, respectively. miR‑422a overexpression suppressed proliferation and invasion, and induced apoptosis in LN229 and U87 cell lines. Luciferase reporter assay, western blotting and RNA immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that ribophorin II (RPN2) is a direct functional target of miR‑422a. Additionally, the overexpression of RPN2 partially reversed the miR‑422a‑mediated inhibitory effect on the malignant phenotype. Mechanistic investigation demonstrated that the upregulation of miR‑422a inhibited β‑catenin/transcription factor 4 transcriptional activity, at least partially through RPN2, as indicated by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Furthermore, RPN2 expression was inversely correlated with miR‑422a expression in GBM specimens and predicted patient survival in the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas, UALCAN, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis databases. In conclusion, the present data reveal a new miR‑422a/RPN2/Wnt/β‑catenin signaling axis that plays critical roles in glioma tumorigenesis, and it represents a potential therapeutic target for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jikui Sun
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Zhijuan Chen
- Clinical Medicine School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Jinbiao Xiong
- Clinical Medicine School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Tianjin Cerebral Vascular and Neural Degenerative Disease Key Laboratory, Tianjin Neurosurgery Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huan Hu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Fan Tang
- Pathology Department, Tianjin Huan Hu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Xuebin Zhang
- Pathology Department, Tianjin Huan Hu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Lidong Mo
- Tianjin Cerebral Vascular and Neural Degenerative Disease Key Laboratory, Tianjin Neurosurgery Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huan Hu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- Tianjin Cerebral Vascular and Neural Degenerative Disease Key Laboratory, Tianjin Neurosurgery Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huan Hu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Weijia Fan
- Tianjin Cerebral Vascular and Neural Degenerative Disease Key Laboratory, Tianjin Neurosurgery Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huan Hu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Jinhuan Wang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
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Li C, Ran H, Song S, Liu W, Zou W, Jiang B, Zhao H, Shao B. Overexpression of RPN2 suppresses radiosensitivity of glioma cells by activating STAT3 signal transduction. Mol Med 2020; 26:43. [PMID: 32404045 PMCID: PMC7222591 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-020-00171-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Radiation therapy is the primary method of treatment for glioblastoma (GBM). Therefore, the suppression of radioresistance in GBM cells is of enormous significance. Ribophorin II (RPN2), a protein component of an N-oligosaccharyl transferase complex, has been associated with chemotherapy drug resistance in multiple cancers, including GBM. However, it remains unclear whether this also plays a role in radiation therapy resistance in GBM. Methods We conducted a bioinformatic analysis of RPN2 expression using the UCSC Cancer Genomics Browser and GEPIA database and performed an immunohistochemical assessment of RPN2 expression in biopsy specimens from 34 GBM patients who had received radiation-based therapy. We also studied the expression and function of RPN2 in radiation-resistant GBM cells. Results We found that RPN2 expression was upregulated in GBM tumors and correlated with poor survival. The expression of RPN2 was also higher in GBM patients with tumor recurrence, who were classified to be resistant to radiation therapy. In the radiation-resistant GBM cells, the expression of RPN2 was also higher than in the parental cells. Depletion of RPN2 in resistant cells can sensitize these cells to radiation-induced apoptosis, and overexpression of RPN2 had the reverse effect. Myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL1) was found to be the downstream target of RPN2, and contributed to radiation resistance in GBM cells. Furthermore, STAT3 was found to be the regulator of MCL1, which can be activated by RPN2 dysregulation. Conclusion Our study has revealed a novel function of RPN2 in radiation-resistant GBM, and has shown that MCL1 depletion or suppression could be a promising method of therapy to overcome the resistance promoted by RPN2 dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyu Li
- Neurosurgery, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Haonan Ran
- Radiotherapy Department, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Shaojun Song
- Neurosurgery, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Weisong Liu
- Head and Neck Surgery, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Wenhui Zou
- Neurosurgery, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Bei Jiang
- Hematology Department, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Hongmei Zhao
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Hainan Cancer Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Bin Shao
- Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No.199 Dazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
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Li Y, Huang C, Bai Q, Yu J. Ribophorin II promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in esophageal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20182448. [PMID: 30940778 PMCID: PMC6505194 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20182448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is a common digestive tract cancer, which is a serious threat to human health. Ribophorin II (RPN2) is a part of an N-oligosaccharyltransferase complex, which is excessively expressed in many kinds of cancers. In the present study, we explore the biological role of RNP2 in esophageal cancer. First, we found that the expression of RPN2 was higher in esophageal cancer tissues than in adjacent non-tumor tissues, and negatively correlated with E-cadherin expression. RPN2 expression levels in esophageal cancer tissues were positively associated with differentiation and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage. Furthermore, the expression of RPN2 was increased significantly in esophageal cancer cell lines compared with normal cells. The effect of RPN2 down-regulation on cell proliferation, cell migration, and cell invasion was examined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK8), wound healing assay, and Transwell assay, respectively. Silencing RPN2 effectively inhibited cell proliferation of esophageal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo Cell migration and invasion were also weakened dramatically by siRPN2 treatment of esophageal cancer cells. In addition, protein expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2), and E-cadherin in esophageal cancer cells was determined by Western blot analysis. PCNA, MMP-2, E-cadherin, Snail and phosphorylation-Smad2/3 expression was also regulated notably by siRPN2 treatment. These findings indicate that RPN2 exhibits oncogenetic capabilities in esophageal cancer, which could provide novel insights into esophageal cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongshun Li
- Department of the first thoracic surgery, Gansu Provincial people's Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Changrong Huang
- Department of the first thoracic surgery, Gansu Provincial people's Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qizhou Bai
- Department of the first thoracic surgery, Gansu Provincial people's Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of the first thoracic surgery, Gansu Provincial people's Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
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12
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Zhang H, Jiang H, Zhang H, Liu J, Hu X, Chen L. Ribophorin II potentiates P-glycoprotein- and ABCG2-mediated multidrug resistance via activating ERK pathway in gastric cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 128:574-582. [PMID: 30710584 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a critical reason of cancer chemotherapy failure. Ribophorin II (RPN2) has emerged as a vital regulator of MDR in multiple cancers including gastric cancer (GC). However, the roles and molecular mechanisms of RPN2 in MDR have not been well featured till now. The present study aimed to explore the roles and molecular mechanisms of RPN2 in MDR of drug-resistant GC cells. Results showed that the expressions of RPN2, multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1), and ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) were upregulated in SGC7901/DDP and SGC7901/VCR cells. Knockdown of RPN2 alleviated MDR through downregulating MDR1 and ABCG2 expressions in SGC7901/DDP and SGC7901/VCR cells. RPN2 depletion inhibited the activation of MEK/ERK pathway. RPN2 overexpression enhanced MDR by upregulating P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and ABCG2 protein expressions in SGC7901/DDP or SGC7901/VCR cells, while this effect of RPN2 was abrogated by ERK knockdown or treatment with ERK inhibitor PD98059. Our findings suggested that RPN2 potentiated P-gp- and ABCG2-mediated MDR via activating MEK/ERK pathway in GC, hinting the critical values of RPN2 in ameliorating MDR and providing a promising target for GC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhi Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, PR China.
| | - Huijuan Jiang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, PR China
| | - Huixiang Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, PR China
| | - Juncai Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, PR China
| | - Xigang Hu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, PR China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, PR China
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Plastin3 is associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition and poor prognosis in gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:2393-2399. [PMID: 30675305 PMCID: PMC6341793 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The plastin3 (PLS3) gene, which encodes an actin bundling protein known to inhibit cofilin-mediated depolymerization of actin fiber, has been previously reported to serve an important role in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer. The aim of the present study was to determine the clinical significance of PLS3 and its role in regulating EMT, as well as in promoting cell invasion and migration in gastric cancer. The expression of plastin3 mRNA was measured in 163 resected gastric cancer specimens, in order to determine the clinicopathological significance. Furthermore, in vitro invasion and migration assays were performed on gastric cancer cells, which revealed that PLS3 expression was suppressed. The high PLS3 expression group had a higher incidence of advanced tumour stage, cancer differentiation, tumour invasion depth and distant metastases compared with the low PLS3 expression group (P<0.05). In addition, the high PLS3 expression group had a significantly poorer prognosis than the low expression group (P=0.012). Multivariate analysis indicated that high PLS3 expression was an independent prognostic factor for survival. The present study also identified that suppression of PLS3 in gastric cancer cells was associated with decreased cell invasion and migration. The findings from the present study indicate that high expression of PLS3 in gastric cancer is independently associated with a poor prognosis, and that PL3 serves an important role in EMT.
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Bi C, Jiang B. Downregulation of RPN2 induces apoptosis and inhibits migration and invasion in colon carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2018; 40:283-293. [PMID: 29749494 PMCID: PMC6059750 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The morbidity of colorectal cancer (CRC) increases annualy, which accounts to higher mortality worldwide. Therefore, it is important to study the pathogenesis of colon cancer. Ribophorin II (RPN2), part of the N-oligosaccharyltransferase complex, is highly expressed in CRC. In the present study, we investigated whether RPN2 can regulate apoptosis, migration and invasion by RNA interference in CRC and sought to clarify the molecular mechanism involved. Based on previous research, an abnormal high expression of RPN2 was observed in CRC tissues and cell lines by real-time (RT)-PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot analysis. RPN2 knockdown via small RNA interference (siRNA) strategy attenuated the expression of RPN2 at the mRNA and protein levels in vivo, leading to decreased cell viability and increased cell apoptosis. In addition, RNAi-RPN2 effectively arrested the cell cycle at the G0/G1-phase in SW1116 and SW480 cells. Furthermore, the Transwell assay demonstrated that cell migration and invasion abilities were significantly inhibited after cell transfection with RPN2 interference plasmid. The apoptosis-related protein (caspase-3) expression was increased and the cell cycle-related protein (cyclin D1) expression was decreased in the siRNA-RPN2 group. RT-PCR and western blot analysis results indicated that migration- and invasion-related proteins including E-cadherin, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and TIMP-2 were markedly regulated by RPN2 siRNA. Phosphorylation levels of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 and Janus kinase (JAK)2 were inhibited by RPN2 siRNA. These findings indicated a novel pathway of tumor-promoting activity by RPN2 in CRC, with significant implications for unraveling the tumorigenesis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyao Bi
- Department of General Surgery, Jiaozhou Central Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266300, P.R. China
| | - Baofei Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
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15
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Li Y, Huang HC, Chen LQ, Xu LY, Li EM, Zhang JJ. Predictive biomarkers for response of esophageal cancer to chemo(radio)therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Surg Oncol 2017; 26:460-472. [PMID: 29113666 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer remains a major public health issue worldwide. In clinical practice, chemo(radio)therapy is an important approach to patients with esophageal cancer. Only the part of patients who respond to chemo(radio)therapy achieve better long-term outcome. In this case, predictive biomarkers for response of esophageal cancer patients treated with chemo(radio)therapy are of importance. Meta-analysis of P53 for predicting esophageal cancer response has been reported before and is not included in our study. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize and evaluate the biomarkers for predicting response to chemo(radio)therapy. METHOD PubMed, Web of Science and the Ovid databases were searched to identify eligible studies published in English before March 2017. The risk ratio (or relative risk, RR) was retrieved in articles regarding biomarkers for predicting response of esophageal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant therapy or chemo(radio)therapy. Fixed and random effects models were used to undertake the meta-analysis as appropriate. RESULT Forty-six articles reporting 56 biomarkers correlated with the response were finally included. Meta-analyses were carried out when there was more than one study related to the reported biomarker. Results indicated that low expression of (or IHC-negative) COX2, miR-200c, ERCC1 and TS was individually associated with prediction of response. The RR was 1.64 (n = 202, 95% CI 1.22-2.19, P < 0.001), 1.96 (n = 162, 95% CI 1.36-2.83, P < 0.001), 2.55 (n = 206, 95% CI 1.80-3.62, P < 0.001) and 1.69 (n = 144, 95% CI 1.10-2.61, P = 0.02), respectively. High expression of (or IHC-positive) CDC25B and p16 was individually related to prediction of response. The RR was 0.62 (n = 159, 95% CI 0.43-0.89, P = 0.01) and 0.62 (n = 142, 95% CI 0.43-0.91, P = 0.01), respectively. CONCLUSION Low expression of (or IHC-negative) COX2, miR-200c, ERCC1 and TS, or high expression of (or IHC-positive) CDC25B and p16 are potential biomarkers for predicting the response of esophageal cancer patients treated with chemo(radio)therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, 515041 Shantou, China; Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, 515041 Shantou, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 515041 Shantou, China
| | - He-Cheng Huang
- Department of Oncologic Radiotherapy, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 515041 Shantou, China
| | - Long-Qi Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, 515041 Shantou, China; Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, 515041 Shantou, China
| | - En-Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, 515041 Shantou, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 515041 Shantou, China.
| | - Jian-Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, 515041 Shantou, China; Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, 515041 Shantou, China.
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Li H, Al-Japairai K, Tao Y, Xiang Z. RPN2 promotes colorectal cancer cell proliferation through modulating the glycosylation status of EGFR. Oncotarget 2017; 8:72633-72651. [PMID: 29069815 PMCID: PMC5641158 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Various studies have found that silencing ribophorin II (RPN2) inhibits cell growth in several cancers. However, the underlying mechanism by which RPN2 regulates cancer cell proliferation remains unclear. Herein, we reveal that downregulation of RPN2, which may be a crucial regulator of N-linked glycosylation in cancer cells and drug-resistant cancer cells, promoted the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) cell cycle and proliferation in vitro and in vivo. We found that RPN2 silencing reduced glycosylation of EGFR, a highly N-link glycosylated cell surface glycoprotein that plays a critical role in majority of human cancers correlating with increased cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation. In addition, RPN2 knockdown decreased EGFR expression and cell surface transport by EGFR deglycosylation. In summary, our findings suggest that RPN2 regulates CRC cell proliferation through mediating the glycosylation of EGFR which affecting the EGFR/ERK signaling pathways. Clinicopathological analysis showed that the overexpression of RPN2 and EGFR was positively correlated with colorectal tumor size. Therefore, RPN2 may be a new therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - K Al-Japairai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zheng Xiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Lee SJ, Kim MJ, Kwon IC, Roberts TM. Delivery strategies and potential targets for siRNA in major cancer types. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 104:2-15. [PMID: 27259398 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) has gained attention as a potential therapeutic reagent due to its ability to inhibit specific genes in many genetic diseases. For many years, studies of siRNA have progressively advanced toward novel treatment strategies against cancer. Cancer is caused by various mutations in hundreds of genes including both proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. In order to develop siRNAs as therapeutic agents for cancer treatment, delivery strategies for siRNA must be carefully designed and potential gene targets carefully selected for optimal anti-cancer effects. In this review, various modifications and delivery strategies for siRNA delivery are discussed. In addition, we present current thinking on target gene selection in major tumor types.
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18
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Prognostic and therapeutic impact of RPN2-mediated tumor malignancy in non-small-cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 6:3335-45. [PMID: 25595901 PMCID: PMC4413657 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful gene-silencing platform for cancer treatment. Previously, we demonstrated that ribophorin II (RPN2), which is part of the N-oligosaccharyl transferase complex, regulates docetaxel sensitivity and tumor lethal phenotypes in breast cancer. However, the molecular functions and clinical relevance of RPN2 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unknown. Here, we examined RPN2 expression in tumor specimens from recurrent NSCLC patients after resection (n = 32 and = 177) and assessed the correlation between RPN2 expression and various clinical features. We also investigated whether RPN2 affects cancer malignancy in vitro and tumor growth and drug resistance in vivo. Our data show that RPN2 expression confers early and distant recurrence as well as poor survival in NSCLC patients. Furthermore, RPN2 silencing suppressed cell proliferation and invasiveness, and increased the sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs in vitro. Remarkably, we found that intrinsic apoptosis signaling is the mechanism of cell death involved with RPN2 knockdown. Strikingly, RPN2 silencing repressed tumorigenicity and sensitized the tumors to cisplatin treatment, which led to the longer survival of NSCLC-bearing mice. In conclusion, these data suggest that RPN2 is involved in the regulation of lethal cancer phenotypes and represents a promising new target for RNAi-based medicine against NSCLC.
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Fujieda Y, Amengual O, Matsumoto M, Kuroki K, Takahashi H, Kono M, Kurita T, Otomo K, Kato M, Oku K, Bohgaki T, Horita T, Yasuda S, Maenaka K, Hatakeyama S, Nakayama KI, Atsumi T. Ribophorin II is involved in the tissue factor expression mediated by phosphatidylserine-dependent antiprothrombin antibody on monocytes. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2016; 55:1117-26. [PMID: 26895716 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kew005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Phosphatidylserine-dependent, also called aPS-PT, recognizes the phosphatidylserine-prothrombin complex, which is associated with APS. We have previously reported that aPS-PT induces tissue factor (TF) expression on monocytes through the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. However, the cell surface interaction between prothrombin and aPS-PT, which is involved in the activation of cell-signalling pathways, has remained unknown. The objective of this study was to identify membrane proteins involved in the binding of prothrombin and aPS-PT to monocyte surfaces as well as the induction of TF expression. METHODS RAW264.7 cells with FLAG-tagged prothrombin were incubated and separated using affinity chromatography with anti-FLAG antibody-conjugated Sepharose beads. Immunopurified proteins were then analysed by an online nano-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The binding between prothrombin and the identified protein, ribophorin II (RPN2), was analysed by ELISA and surface plasmon resonance. To elucidate the role of RPN2 in TF expression, the TF mRNA level in RAW264.7 cells treated with RPN2 small interfering RNA was determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). RESULTS RPN2 was identified as a candidate molecule involved in the binding of prothrombin to the cell surface. The binding between prothrombin and RPN2 was confirmed by ELISA and surface plasmon resonance. RAW264.7 cells treated with RPN2 small interfering RNA showed significant reduction of the TF expression mediated by prothrombin and a mouse monoclonal aPS-PT. CONCLUSION We identified that RPN2 is one of the prothrombin-binding proteins on monocyte surfaces, suggesting that RPN2 is involved in the pathophysiology of thrombosis in patients with APS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Fujieda
- Division of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo,
| | - Olga Amengual
- Division of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo
| | - Masaki Matsumoto
- Division of Proteomics, Multi-scale Research Center for Prevention of Medical Science, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka
| | - Kimiko Kuroki
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University and
| | - Hidehisa Takahashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Michihito Kono
- Division of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo
| | - Takashi Kurita
- Division of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo
| | - Kotaro Otomo
- Division of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo
| | - Masaru Kato
- Division of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo
| | - Kenji Oku
- Division of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo
| | - Toshiyuki Bohgaki
- Division of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo
| | - Tetsuya Horita
- Division of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo
| | - Shinsuke Yasuda
- Division of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo
| | - Katsumi Maenaka
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University and
| | - Shigetsugu Hatakeyama
- Department of Biochemistry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Keiichi I Nakayama
- Division of Proteomics, Multi-scale Research Center for Prevention of Medical Science, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka
| | - Tatsuya Atsumi
- Division of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo
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20
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Zhang J, Yan B, Späth SS, Qun H, Cornelius S, Guan D, Shao J, Hagiwara K, Van Waes C, Chen Z, Su X, Bi Y. Integrated transcriptional profiling and genomic analyses reveal RPN2 and HMGB1 as promising biomarkers in colorectal cancer. Cell Biosci 2015; 5:53. [PMID: 26388988 PMCID: PMC4574027 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-015-0043-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease that is associated with a gradual accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations. Among all CRC stages, stage II tumors are highly heterogeneous with a high relapse rate in about 20–25 % of stage II CRC patients following surgery. Thus, a comprehensive analysis of gene signatures to identify aggressive and metastatic phenotypes in stage II CRC is desired for a more accurate disease classification and outcome prediction. By utilizing a Cancer Array, containing 440 oncogenes and tumor suppressors to profile mRNA expression, we identified a larger number of differentially expressed genes in poorly differentiated stage II colorectal adenocarcinoma tissues, compared to their matched normal tissues. Ontology and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) indicated that these genes are involved in functional mechanisms associated with several transcription factors. Genomic alterations of these genes were also investigated through The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, utilizing 195 published CRC specimens. The percentage of genomic alterations in these genes was ranked based on their mRNA expression, copy number variations and mutations. This data was further combined with published microarray studies from a large set of CRC tumors classified based on prognostic features. This led to the identification of eight candidate genes including RPN2, HMGB1, AARS, IGFBP3, STAT1, HYOU1, NQO1 and PEA15 that were associated with the progressive phenotype. In particular, RPN2 and HMGB1 displayed a higher genomic alteration frequency in CRC, compared to eight other major solid cancers. Immunohistochemistry was performed on additional 78 stage I–IV CRC samples, where RPN2 protein immunostaining exhibited a significant association with stage III/IV tumors, distant metastasis, and poor differentiation, indicating that RPN2 expression is associated with poor prognosis. Further, our study revealed significant transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, networks and gene signatures, underlying CRC malignant progression and phenotype warranting future clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Zhang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China ; Clinical Medicine Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China ; Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - Bin Yan
- Laboratory for Food Safety and Environmental Technology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Stephan Stanislaw Späth
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hu Qun
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Shaleeka Cornelius
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - Daogang Guan
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiaofang Shao
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Koichi Hagiwara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Carter Van Waes
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - Zhong Chen
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, NIH, Bethesda, USA
| | - Xiulan Su
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yongyi Bi
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Yuan TM, Liang RY, Chueh PJ, Chuang SM. Role of ribophorin II in the response to anticancer drugs in gastric cancer cell lines. Oncol Lett 2015; 9:1861-1868. [PMID: 25789057 PMCID: PMC4356382 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.2900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of prognostic markers and establishing their value as therapeutic targets improves therapeutic efficacy against human cancers. Ribophorin II (RPN2) has been demonstrated to be a prognostic marker of human cancer, including breast and pancreatic cancers. The present study aimed to evaluate RPN2 expression in gastric cancer and to examine the possible correlation between RPN2 expression and the response of cells to clinical anticancer drugs, which has received little research attention at present. The gastric cancer AGS, TMC-1, SNU-1, TMK-1, SCM-1, MKN-45 and KATO III cell lines were used as a model to elucidate the role of RPN2 in the response of cells to six common chemotherapeutic agents, comprising oxaliplatin, irinotecan, doxorubicin, docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouricil. The functional role of RPN2 was assessed by silencing RPN2 using small interfering RNA (siRNA), and the cytotoxicity was determined by an MTS assay and analysis of apoptosis. Molecular events were evaluated by western blotting. All the anticancer drugs were found to exert a concentration-dependent decrease on the cell survival rate of each of the cell lines tested, although the RPN2 levels in the various cell lines were not directly correlated with responsiveness to clinical anticancer drugs, based on the calculated IC50 values. siRNA-mediated RPN2 downregulation enhanced cisplatin-induced apoptosis in AGS cells, but did not markedly decrease the cell survival rates of these cells in response to the tested drugs. Furthermore, RPN2 silencing in MKN-45 cells resulted in no additional increase in the cisplatin-induced apoptosis and survival rates. It was also found that RPN2 depletion increased anticancer drug-mediated cytotoxicity in gastric cancer cell lines. However, the predictive value of RPN2 expression in cancer therapy is questionable in gastric cancer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tein-Ming Yuan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, R.O.C. ; Department of Surgery, Feng-Yuan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung 42055, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ruei-Yue Liang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pin Ju Chueh
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Show-Mei Chuang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, R.O.C
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22
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Yuan TM, Liang RY, Hsiao NW, Chuang SM. The S100A4 D10V polymorphism is related to cell migration ability but not drug resistance in gastric cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:2307-18. [PMID: 25310523 PMCID: PMC4240476 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Upregulation of the metastasis-promoting S100A4 protein has been linked to tumor migration and invasion, and clinical studies have demonstrated that significant expression of S100A4 in primary tumors is indicative of poor prognosis. However, the involvement of S100A4 in the drug responsiveness of gastric cancer remains unclear. In the present study, we used gastric cancer cell lines as a model to investigate the involvement of S100A4 in drug responsiveness. We overexpressed S100A4 in AGS and SCM-1 cells, which are characterized by relatively low-level expression of endogenous S100A4, and found that this significantly enhanced cell migration but did not affect cell survival in the presence of six common anticancer drugs. Moreover, in vitro cell proliferation was unchanged. Using RNA interference, we suppressed S100A4 expression in MKN-45 and TMK-1 cells (which are characterized by high-level expression of endogenous S100A4), and found that knockdown of S100A4 markedly attenuated cell motility but did not affect cell survival in the presence of six common anticancer drugs. Further study revealed that a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of S100A4 (rs1803245; c.29A>T), which substitutes an Asp residue with Val (D10V), is localized within the conserved binding surface for Annexin II. Cells overexpressing S100A4D10V showed a significant reduction in cell migration ability, but no change in cell survival, upon anticancer drug treatment. Taken together, our novel results indicate that the expression level of S100A4 does not significantly affect cell survival following anticancer drug treatment. Thus, depending on the cell context, the metastasis-promoting effects of S100A4 may not be positively correlated with anticancer drug resistance in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tein-Ming Yuan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ruei-Yue Liang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Nai-Wan Hsiao
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 50007, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Show-Mei Chuang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Uemura N, Kondo T. Current status of predictive biomarkers for neoadjuvant therapy in esophageal cancer. World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol 2014; 5:322-334. [PMID: 25133032 PMCID: PMC4133529 DOI: 10.4291/wjgp.v5.i3.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2013] [Revised: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neoadjuvant therapy has been proven to be extremely valuable and is widely used for advanced esophageal cancer. However, a significant proportion of treated patients (60%-70%) does not respond well to neoadjuvant treatments and develop severe adverse effects. Therefore, predictive markers for individualization of multimodality treatments are urgently needed in esophageal cancer. Recently, molecular biomarkers that predict the response to neoadjuvant therapy have been explored in multimodal approaches in esophageal cancer and successful examples of biomarker identification have been reported. In this review, promising candidates for predictive molecular biomarkers developed by using multiple molecular approaches are reviewed. Moreover, treatment strategies based on the status of predicted biomarkers are discussed, while considering the international differences in the clinical background. However, in the absence of adequate treatment options related to the results of the biomarker test, the usefulness of these diagnostic tools is limited and new effective therapies for biomarker-identified nonresponders to cancer treatment should be concurrent with the progress of predictive technologies. Further improvement in the prognosis of esophageal cancer patients can be achieved through the introduction of novel therapeutic approaches in clinical practice.
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Lian M, Fang J, Han D, Ma H, Feng L, Wang R, Yang F. Microarray gene expression analysis of tumorigenesis and regional lymph node metastasis in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. PLoS One 2013; 8:e84854. [PMID: 24386425 PMCID: PMC3873425 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is the most common type in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and the development and progression of LSCC are multistep processes accompanied by changes of molecular biology. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular basis of tumorigenesis and regional lymph node metastasis in LSCC, and provide a set of genes that may be useful for the development of novel diagnostic markers and/or more effective therapeutic strategies. METHODS A total number of 10 patients who underwent surgery for primary laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma were recruited for microarray analysis. LSCC tissues compared with corresponding adjacent non-neoplastic tissues were analysed by Illumina mRNA microarrays, and LSCC tissues with regional lymph node metastasis and LSCC tissues without regional lymph node metastasis were analyzed in the same manner. The most frequently differently expressed genes screened by microarrays were also validated by qRT-PCR in another 42 patients diagnosed for LSCC. RESULTS Analysed by Illumina mRNA microarrays, there were 361 genes significantly related to tumorigenesis while 246 genes significantly related to regional lymph node metastasis in LSCC. We found that the six genes (CDK1, CDK2, CDK4, MCM2, MCM3, MCM4) were most frequently differently expressed functional genes related to tumorigenesis while eIF3a and RPN2 were most frequently differently expressed functional genes related to regional lymph node metastasis in LSCC. The expressions of these genes were also validated by qRT-PCR. CONCLUSIONS The research revealed a gene expression signature of tumorigenesis and regional lymph node metastasis in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Of the total, the deregulation of several genes (CDK1, CDK2, CDK4, MCM2, MCM3, MCM4, EIF3a and RPN2) were potentially associated with disease development and progression. The result will contribute to the understanding of the molecular basis of LSCC and help to improve diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Lian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jugao Fang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (JF); (DH)
| | - Demin Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (JF); (DH)
| | - Hongzhi Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Feng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ru Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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25
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Fujita Y, Takeshita F, Mizutani T, Ohgi T, Kuwano K, Ochiya T. A novel platform to enable inhaled naked RNAi medicine for lung cancer. Sci Rep 2013; 3:3325. [PMID: 24270189 PMCID: PMC3839038 DOI: 10.1038/srep03325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based therapeutics have been used in humans and offer distinct advantages over traditional therapies. However, previous investigations have shown that there are several technical obstacles that need to be overcome before routine clinical applications are used. Currently, we are launching a novel class of RNAi therapeutic agents (PnkRNA™, nkRNA) that show high resistance to degradation and are less immunogenic, less cytotoxic, and capable of efficient intracellular delivery. Here, we develop a novel platform to promote naked RNAi approaches administered through inhalation without sophisticated delivery technology in mice. Furthermore, a naked and unmodified novel RNAi agent, such as ribophorin II (RPN2-PnkRNA), which has been selected as a therapeutic target for lung cancer, resulted in efficient inhibition of tumor growth without any significant toxicity. Thus, this new technology using aerosol delivery could represent a safe, potentially RNAi-based strategy for clinical applications in lung cancer treatment without delivery vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fujita
- 1] Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan [2] Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18, Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8471, Japan
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Profiling of the mammalian mitotic spindle proteome reveals an ER protein, OSTD-1, as being necessary for cell division and ER morphology. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77051. [PMID: 24130834 PMCID: PMC3794981 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell division is important for many cellular processes including cell growth, reproduction, wound healing and stem cell renewal. Failures in cell division can often lead to tumors and birth defects. To identify factors necessary for this process, we implemented a comparative profiling strategy of the published mitotic spindle proteome from our laboratory. Of the candidate mammalian proteins, we determined that 77% had orthologs in Caenorhabditis elegans and 18% were associated with human disease. Of the C. elegans candidates (n=146), we determined that 34 genes functioned in embryonic development and 56% of these were predicted to be membrane trafficking proteins. A secondary, visual screen to detect distinct defects in cell division revealed 21 genes that were necessary for cytokinesis. One of these candidates, OSTD-1, an ER resident protein, was further characterized due to the aberrant cleavage furrow placement and failures in division. We determined that OSTD-1 plays a role in maintaining the dynamic morphology of the ER during the cell cycle. In addition, 65% of all ostd-1 RNAi-treated embryos failed to correctly position cleavage furrows, suggesting that proper ER morphology plays a necessary function during animal cell division.
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Plum PS, Bollschweiler E, Hölscher AH, Warnecke-Eberz U. Novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in esophageal cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 7:557-71. [PMID: 24093836 DOI: 10.1517/17530059.2013.843526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This article provides an overview of actual biomarkers with an impact on improvement of diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer patients. AREAS COVERED Recent literature has been analyzed and provides information regarding the potential role of molecular markers as a diagnostic or prognostic factor in esophageal cancer. EXPERT OPINION Until now, the role of molecular markers is far from being firmly established for routine use and is not without obstacles. However, with reliable standardized methods, established cut-off values and promising candidates in marker panels with markers of genetic, epigenetic and proteomic origin might result in a marker tool worthwhile of being validated in large, prospective, randomized trials. Novel validated marker combinations have to be clinically applied to prove their putative role in complementing clinical techniques within the development of better detection concepts of esophageal cancer, improving patients' long-term prognosis by early and purposive therapy within individualized treatment concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick S Plum
- University of Cologne, Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery , Kerpener Str. 62, Cologne, 50937 , Germany +49 221 4786273 ; +49 221 4785076 ;
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