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Żebrowska-Nawrocka M, Szmajda-Krygier D, Krygier A, Jeleń A, Balcerczak E. Bioinformatic Analysis of IKK Complex Genes Expression in Selected Gastrointestinal Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9868. [PMID: 39337357 PMCID: PMC11432643 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25189868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancers account for over a quarter of all cancer cases and are associated with poor prognosis and high mortality rates. The IKK complex (the canonical I kappa B kinase), comprising the CHUK, IKBKB, and IKBKG genes, plays a crucial role in activating the NF-kB signaling pathway. This study aimed to analyze publicly available bioinformatics data to elucidate the oncogenic role of IKK genes in selected gastrointestinal cancers. Our findings reveal that IKBKB and IKBKG are significantly upregulated in all examined cancers, while CHUK is upregulated in esophageal carcinoma and stomach adenocarcinoma. Additionally, the expression of IKK genes varies with histological grade and nodal metastases. For instance, in stomach adenocarcinoma, CHUK and IKBKB are upregulated in higher histological grades and greater lymph node infiltration. Lower expression levels of CHUK, IKBKB, and IKBKG in stomach adenocarcinoma and IKBKB in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma correlate with shorter overall survival. Conversely, in esophageal adenocarcinoma, reduced IKBKG expression is linked to longer overall survival, while higher IKBKB expression in colon adenocarcinoma is associated with longer overall survival. Given the significant role of IKK genes in the development and progression of selected gastrointestinal cancers, they hold potential as prognostic markers and therapeutic targets, offering valuable insights for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Żebrowska-Nawrocka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Brain Laboratories, Medical University of Lodz, Czechoslowacka 4, 92-216 Lodz, Poland
| | - Dagmara Szmajda-Krygier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Brain Laboratories, Medical University of Lodz, Czechoslowacka 4, 92-216 Lodz, Poland
| | - Adrian Krygier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Jeleń
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Brain Laboratories, Medical University of Lodz, Czechoslowacka 4, 92-216 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewa Balcerczak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Brain Laboratories, Medical University of Lodz, Czechoslowacka 4, 92-216 Lodz, Poland
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2
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Mukherjee T, Kumar N, Chawla M, Philpott DJ, Basak S. The NF-κB signaling system in the immunopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Sci Signal 2024; 17:eadh1641. [PMID: 38194476 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.adh1641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic, chronic condition characterized by episodes of inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. The nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) system describes a family of dimeric transcription factors. Canonical NF-κB signaling is stimulated by and enhances inflammation, whereas noncanonical NF-κB signaling contributes to immune organogenesis. Dysregulation of NF-κB factors drives various inflammatory pathologies, including IBD. Signals from many immune sensors activate NF-κB subunits in the intestine, which maintain an equilibrium between local microbiota and host responses. Genetic association studies of patients with IBD and preclinical mouse models confirm the importance of the NF-κB system in host defense in the gut. Other studies have investigated the roles of these factors in intestinal barrier function and in inflammatory gut pathologies associated with IBD. NF-κB signaling modulates innate and adaptive immune responses and the production of immunoregulatory proteins, anti-inflammatory cytokines, antimicrobial peptides, and other tolerogenic factors in the intestine. Furthermore, genetic studies have revealed critical cell type-specific roles for NF-κB proteins in intestinal immune homeostasis, inflammation, and restitution that contribute to the etiopathology of IBD-associated manifestations. Here, we summarize our knowledge of the roles of these NF-κB pathways, which are activated in different intestinal cell types by specific ligands, and their cross-talk, in fueling aberrant intestinal inflammation. We argue that an in-depth understanding of aberrant immune signaling mechanisms may hold the key to identifying predictive or prognostic biomarkers and developing better therapeutics against inflammatory gut pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapas Mukherjee
- Systems Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Naveen Kumar
- Systems Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Meenakshi Chawla
- Systems Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Dana J Philpott
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Soumen Basak
- Systems Immunology Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
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3
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Wang S, Wang H, Liu J, Zhang X, Yang Y, Lu C, Cai C, Zhao Y, Liang G, Guo X, Li B, Cao G, Gao P. Expression patterns and functional analysis of porcine lnc-34015. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:2251-2261. [PMID: 35714975 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2085112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in immune regulation in humans and animals. The lnc-34015 was discovered to be critical for the development of muscles, based on the muscle transcriptome of pigs; however, the underlying molecular mechanism requires better understanding. Here, the sequence characteristics of lnc-34015 were analyzed and a competitive endogenous RNA regulatory network of lncRNA was predicted. The developmental expression trend and tissue expression profiles of lnc-34015 were investigated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The lnc-34015 sequence is overlapped with introns 11 and 12 of CWF19L1, while CWF19L1, PKD2L1, and CHUK were identified as cis-regulatory genes of lnc-34015. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that lnc-34015 binds to 15 microRNAs (miRNAs), including miR-3646, miR-377-3p, and miR-190b-3p, to regulate downstream gene expression. GO and KEGG enrichment results show that lnc-34015 was mainly involved in cell proliferation, stress response, transcriptional regulation, and alternative splicing. The expression trend of lnc-34015 in muscle was similar to that of target genes and opposite to that of miRNAs. The expression of lnc-34015 was significantly higher in the porcine small intestine and IPEC-J2 cells. Our findings suggest that lnc-34015 regulates CHUK, ZBTB20, and XIAP gene expression by competing with endogenous RNAs to regulate porcine inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Wang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Haizhen Wang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Xiaona Zhang
- Beijing Allwegene Technology Company, Transcriptional Regulation Division, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Chang Lu
- Department of Animal Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Chunbo Cai
- Department of Animal Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Animal Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Guoming Liang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Xiaohong Guo
- Department of Animal Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Bugao Li
- Department of Animal Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Guoqing Cao
- Department of Animal Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Pengfei Gao
- Department of Animal Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
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Pecharromán I, Solé L, Álvarez‐Villanueva D, Lobo‐Jarne T, Alonso‐Marañón J, Bertran J, Guillén Y, Montoto Á, Martínez‐Iniesta M, García‐Hernández V, Giménez G, Salazar R, Santos C, Garrido M, Borràs E, Sabidó E, Bonfill‐Teixidor E, Iurlaro R, Seoane J, Villanueva A, Iglesias M, Bigas A, Espinosa L. IκB kinase-α coordinates BRD4 and JAK/STAT signaling to subvert DNA damage-based anticancer therapy. EMBO J 2023; 42:e114719. [PMID: 37737566 PMCID: PMC10620764 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2023114719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of the IκB kinase (IKK) complex has recurrently been linked to colorectal cancer (CRC) initiation and progression. However, identification of downstream effectors other than NF-κB has remained elusive. Here, analysis of IKK-dependent substrates in CRC cells after UV treatment revealed that phosphorylation of BRD4 by IKK-α is required for its chromatin-binding at target genes upon DNA damage. Moreover, IKK-α induces the NF-κB-dependent transcription of the cytokine LIF, leading to STAT3 activation, association with BRD4 and recruitment to specific target genes. IKK-α abrogation results in defective BRD4 and STAT3 functions and consequently irreparable DNA damage and apoptotic cell death upon different stimuli. Simultaneous inhibition of BRAF-dependent IKK-α activity, BRD4, and the JAK/STAT pathway enhanced the therapeutic potential of 5-fluorouracil combined with irinotecan in CRC cells and is curative in a chemotherapy-resistant xenograft model. Finally, coordinated expression of LIF and IKK-α is a poor prognosis marker for CRC patients. Our data uncover a functional link between IKK-α, BRD4, and JAK/STAT signaling with clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Pecharromán
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONCHospital del MarBarcelonaSpain
| | - Laura Solé
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONCHospital del MarBarcelonaSpain
| | - Daniel Álvarez‐Villanueva
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONCHospital del MarBarcelonaSpain
- Chemoresistance and Predictive Factors Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL)L'Hospitalet del LlobregatBarcelonaSpain
| | - Teresa Lobo‐Jarne
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONCHospital del MarBarcelonaSpain
| | - Josune Alonso‐Marañón
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONCHospital del MarBarcelonaSpain
| | - Joan Bertran
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONCHospital del MarBarcelonaSpain
- Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Vic – Central University of CataloniaVicSpain
| | - Yolanda Guillén
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONCHospital del MarBarcelonaSpain
| | - Ángela Montoto
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONCHospital del MarBarcelonaSpain
| | - María Martínez‐Iniesta
- Chemoresistance and Predictive Factors Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL)L'Hospitalet del LlobregatBarcelonaSpain
| | - Violeta García‐Hernández
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONCHospital del MarBarcelonaSpain
| | - Gemma Giménez
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONCHospital del MarBarcelonaSpain
| | - Ramon Salazar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL)‐CIBERONCL'Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain
| | - Cristina Santos
- Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL)‐CIBERONCL'Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain
| | - Marta Garrido
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONCHospital del MarBarcelonaSpain
| | - Eva Borràs
- Proteomics Unit, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)BarcelonaSpain
- Proteomics UnitUniversitat Pompeu FabraBarcelonaSpain
| | - Eduard Sabidó
- Proteomics Unit, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG)Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)BarcelonaSpain
- Proteomics UnitUniversitat Pompeu FabraBarcelonaSpain
| | - Ester Bonfill‐Teixidor
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), CIBERONCVall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Raffaella Iurlaro
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), CIBERONCVall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Joan Seoane
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), CIBERONCVall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Alberto Villanueva
- Chemoresistance and Predictive Factors Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL)L'Hospitalet del LlobregatBarcelonaSpain
- Xenopat S.L., Parc Cientific de Barcelona (PCB)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Mar Iglesias
- Department of Pathology, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONCUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Anna Bigas
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONCHospital del MarBarcelonaSpain
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research InstituteBadalonaSpain
| | - Lluís Espinosa
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONCHospital del MarBarcelonaSpain
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5
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Patel M, Pennel KAF, Quinn JA, Hood H, Chang DK, Biankin AV, Rebus S, Roseweir AK, Park JH, Horgan PG, McMillan DC, Edwards J. Spatial expression of IKK-alpha is associated with a differential mutational landscape and survival in primary colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 2022; 126:1704-1714. [PMID: 35173303 PMCID: PMC9174220 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01729-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To understand the relationship between key non-canonical NF-κB kinase IKK-alpha(α), tumour mutational profile and survival in primary colorectal cancer. METHODS Immunohistochemical expression of IKKα was assessed in a cohort of 1030 patients who had undergone surgery for colorectal cancer using immunohistochemistry. Mutational tumour profile was examined using a customised gene panel. Immunofluorescence was used to identify the cellular location of punctate IKKα expression. RESULTS Two patterns of IKKα expression were observed; firstly, in the tumour cell cytoplasm and secondly as discrete 'punctate' areas in a juxtanuclear position. Although cytoplasmic expression of IKKα was not associated with survival, high 'punctate' IKKα expression was associated with significantly reduced cancer-specific survival on multivariate analysis. High punctate expression of IKKα was associated with mutations in KRAS and PDGFRA. Dual immunofluorescence suggested punctate IKKα expression was co-located with the Golgi apparatus. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest the spatial expression of IKKα is a potential biomarker in colorectal cancer. This is associated with a differential mutational profile highlighting possible distinct signalling roles for IKKα in the context of colorectal cancer as well as potential implications for future treatment strategies using IKKα inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meera Patel
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Kathryn A F Pennel
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jean A Quinn
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Hannah Hood
- School of Medicine, Wolfson Medical School Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - David K Chang
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Academic Unit of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Andrew V Biankin
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Selma Rebus
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Antonia K Roseweir
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - James H Park
- Academic Unit of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Paul G Horgan
- Academic Unit of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Donald C McMillan
- Academic Unit of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Joanne Edwards
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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6
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Combination of chemotherapy with BRAF inhibitors results in effective eradication of malignant melanoma by preventing ATM-dependent DNA repair. Oncogene 2021; 40:5042-5048. [PMID: 34140639 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01879-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Invasive malignant melanoma (MM) is an aggressive tumor with no curative therapy in advanced stages. Chemotherapy has not demonstrated its efficacy in MM and current treatment for tumors carrying the most frequent BRAFV600E mutation consists of BRAF inhibitors alone or in combination with MAPK pathway inhibitors. We previously found that BRAF inhibition prevents activation of the DNA-damage repair (DDR) pathway in colorectal cancer thus potentiating the effect of chemotherapy. We now show that different chemotherapy agents inflict DNA damage in MM cells, which is efficiently repaired, associated with activation of the ATM-dependent DDR machinery. Pharmacologic inhibition of BRAF impairs ATM and DDR activation in these cells, leading to sustained DNA damage. Combination treatments involving DNA-damaging agents and BRAF inhibitors increase tumor cell death in vitro and in vivo, and impede MM regrowth after treatment cessation. We propose to reconsider the use of chemotherapy in combination with BRAF inhibitors for MM treatment.
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7
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Organoids and Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112657. [PMID: 34071313 PMCID: PMC8197877 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Organoids were first established as a three-dimensional cell culture system from mouse small intestine. Subsequent development has made organoids a key system to study many human physiological and pathological processes that affect a variety of tissues and organs. In particular, organoids are becoming very useful tools to dissect colorectal cancer (CRC) by allowing the circumvention of classical problems and limitations, such as the impossibility of long-term culture of normal intestinal epithelial cells and the lack of good animal models for CRC. In this review, we describe the features and current knowledge of intestinal organoids and how they are largely contributing to our better understanding of intestinal cell biology and CRC genetics. Moreover, recent data show that organoids are appropriate systems for antitumoral drug testing and for the personalized treatment of CRC patients.
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8
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Kajino-Sakamoto R, Fujishita T, Taketo MM, Aoki M. Synthetic lethality between MyD88 loss and mutations in Wnt/β-catenin pathway in intestinal tumor epithelial cells. Oncogene 2020; 40:408-420. [PMID: 33177648 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01541-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although the Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays a central role in the carcinogenesis and maintenance of colorectal cancer (CRC), attempts to target the pathway itself have not been very successful. MyD88, an adaptor protein of the TLR/IL-1β signaling, has been implicated in the integrity of the intestines as well as in their tumorigenesis. In this study, we aimed to clarify the mechanisms by which epithelial MyD88 contributes to intestinal tumor formation and to address whether MyD88 can be a therapeutic target of CRC. Conditional knockout of MyD88 in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) reduced tumor formation in Apc+/Δ716 mice, accompanied by decreased proliferation and enhanced apoptosis of tumor epithelial cells. Mechanistically, the MyD88 loss caused inactivation of the JNK-mTORC1, NF-κB, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways in tumor cells. Induction of MyD88 knockout in the intestinal tumor-derived organoids, but not in the normal IEC-derived organoids, induced apoptosis and reduced their growth. Treatment with the MyD88 inhibitor ST2825 also suppressed the growth of the intestinal tumor-derived organoids. Knockdown of MYD88 in human CRC cell lines with mutations in APC or CTNNB1 induced apoptosis and reduced their proliferation as well. These results indicate that MyD88 loss is synthetic lethal with mutational activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling in intestinal tumor epithelial cells. Inhibition of MyD88 signaling can thus be a novel therapeutic strategy for familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) as well as for colorectal cancer harboring mutations in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Kajino-Sakamoto
- Division of Pathophysiology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8681, Japan
| | - Teruaki Fujishita
- Division of Pathophysiology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8681, Japan
| | - Makoto Mark Taketo
- Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoé-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiro Aoki
- Division of Pathophysiology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8681, Japan. .,Department of Cancer Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8550, Japan.
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9
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Colomer C, Margalef P, Villanueva A, Vert A, Pecharroman I, Solé L, González-Farré M, Alonso J, Montagut C, Martinez-Iniesta M, Bertran J, Borràs E, Iglesias M, Sabidó E, Bigas A, Boulton SJ, Espinosa L. IKKα Kinase Regulates the DNA Damage Response and Drives Chemo-resistance in Cancer. Mol Cell 2019; 75:669-682.e5. [PMID: 31302002 PMCID: PMC6715775 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2019.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylated IKKα(p45) is a nuclear active form of the IKKα kinase that is induced by the MAP kinases BRAF and TAK1 and promotes tumor growth independent of canonical NF-κB signaling. Insights into the sources of IKKα(p45) activation and its downstream substrates in the nucleus remain to be defined. Here, we discover that IKKα(p45) is rapidly activated by DNA damage independent of ATM-ATR, but dependent on BRAF-TAK1-p38-MAPK, and is required for robust ATM activation and efficient DNA repair. Abolishing BRAF or IKKα activity attenuates ATM, Chk1, MDC1, Kap1, and 53BP1 phosphorylation, compromises 53BP1 and RIF1 co-recruitment to sites of DNA lesions, and inhibits 53BP1-dependent fusion of dysfunctional telomeres. Furthermore, IKKα or BRAF inhibition synergistically enhances the therapeutic potential of 5-FU and irinotecan to eradicate chemotherapy-resistant metastatic human tumors in vivo. Our results implicate BRAF and IKKα kinases in the DDR and reveal a combination strategy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlota Colomer
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Hospital del Mar, Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Pol Margalef
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Hospital del Mar, Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain; DSB Repair Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Alberto Villanueva
- Translational Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Institut Català d'Oncologia, Hospitalet, Barcelona 08907, Spain
| | - Anna Vert
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Hospital del Mar, Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Irene Pecharroman
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Hospital del Mar, Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Laura Solé
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Hospital del Mar, Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Mónica González-Farré
- Department of Pathology, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Josune Alonso
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Hospital del Mar, Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Clara Montagut
- Department of Oncology, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBERONC, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Maria Martinez-Iniesta
- Translational Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Institut Català d'Oncologia, Hospitalet, Barcelona 08907, Spain
| | - Joan Bertran
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Bioinformatics and Medical Statistics Group, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic 08500, Spain
| | - Eva Borràs
- Proteomics Unit, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08003, Spain; Proteomics Unit, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Mar Iglesias
- Department of Pathology, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Eduard Sabidó
- Proteomics Unit, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona 08003, Spain; Proteomics Unit, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Anna Bigas
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Hospital del Mar, Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
| | - Simon J Boulton
- DSB Repair Metabolism Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK.
| | - Lluís Espinosa
- Cancer Research Program, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, CIBERONC, Hospital del Mar, Doctor Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
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