Autologous HSC transplant in t-MDS/AML using cells harvested prior to the development of the secondary malignancy

Long-term cancer-free survival after infusion of autologous cord blood cells for rejection-unrelated cord blood graft after myeloablative conditioning for t-MDS: a case report

Autologous cord blood transplantations are rarely applied in patients with hematologic as well as metastatic solid cancers since contamination of malignant clones is a concern. We report a case of therapy-related myelodysplasia after metastatic neuroblastoma who suffered from graft rejection and life-threatening infections after a myeloablative unrelated cord blood transplantation. The patient experiences long-term survival, free from leukemia/neuroblastoma after infusion of autologous cord blood cells. It suggests that autologous cord blood transplantation after high dose therapy might be a curative strategy for certain hematologic or metastatic solid cancers.