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Ghafouri-Fard S, Niazi V, Taheri M, Basiri A. Effect of Small Molecule on ex vivo Expansion of Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells: A Concise Review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:649115. [PMID: 33898442 PMCID: PMC8063724 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.649115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are a group of cells being produced during embryogenesis to preserve the blood system. They might also be differentiated to non-hematopoietic cells, including neural, cardiac and myogenic cells. Therefore, they have vast applications in the treatment of human disorders. Considering the restricted quantities of HSCs in the umbilical cord blood, inadequate mobilization of bone marrow stem cells, and absence of ethnic dissimilarity, ex vivo expansion of these HSCs is an applicable method for obtaining adequate amounts of HSCs. Several molecules such as NR-101, zVADfmk, zLLYfmk, Nicotinamide, Resveratrol, the Copper chelator TEPA, dmPGE2, Garcinol, and serotonin have been used in combination of cytokines to expand HSCs ex vivo. The most promising results have been obtained from cocktails that influence multipotency and self-renewal features from different pathways. In the current manuscript, we provide a concise summary of the effects of diverse small molecules on expansion of cord blood HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Niazi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Basiri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Purtill D, Stevens CE, Lubin M, Ponce D, Hanash A, Giralt S, Scaradavou A, Young JW, Barker JN. Association between Nondominant Unit Total Nucleated Cell Dose and Engraftment in Myeloablative Double-Unit Cord Blood Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2015. [PMID: 26211983 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2015.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sustained hematopoiesis after double-unit cord blood transplantation (dCBT) is mediated by 1 unit in nearly all patients. To investigate the associations between nondominant unit characteristics and neutrophil engraftment, we studied 129 consecutive myeloablative dCBT recipients. Ninety-five percent (95% confidence interval, 90 to 98) of patients engrafted. Detection of the nondominant unit 21 to 28 days after dCBT was not associated with improved neutrophil engraftment. In univariate analyses, nondominant unit characteristics (infused total nucleated cell [TNC] and viable CD3(+) cell doses) were significantly associated with speed and success of neutrophil engraftment as were dominant unit characteristics (infused TNC; viable CD34(+), viable CD3(+), and viable CD3-56(+)16(+) cell doses; and post-thaw CD34(+) cell viability). In multivariate analysis, higher infused TNC dose of the nondominant unit was independently associated with improved neutrophil engraftment, even when this unit did not contribute to donor hematopoiesis. In further subgroup analysis, this association was only evident when the infused viable CD34(+) cell dose of the dominant unit was low (<1.20 × 10(5)/kg). These findings suggest nondominant units mediate a dose-dependent facilitation of engraftment in myeloablative dCBT and support continued investigation of dCBT biology and the clinical practice of dCBT in adults in whom low cell dose grafts are common.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duncan Purtill
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Cladd E Stevens
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Marissa Lubin
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Doris Ponce
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Alan Hanash
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Sergio Giralt
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Andromachi Scaradavou
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - James W Young
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Juliet N Barker
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.
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