1
|
Saggu SK, Nath A, Kumar S. Myxobacteria: biology and bioactive secondary metabolites. Res Microbiol 2023; 174:104079. [PMID: 37169232 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Myxobacteria are Gram-negative eubacteria and they thrive in a variety of habitats including soil rich in organic matter, rotting wood, animal dung and marine environment. Myxobacteria are a promising source of new compounds associated with diverse bioactive spectrum and unique mode of action. The genome information of myxobacteria has revealed many orphan biosynthetic pathways indicating that these bacteria can be the source of several novel natural products. In this review, we highlight the biology of myxobacteria with emphasis on their habitat, life cycle, isolation methods and enlist all the bioactive secondary metabolites purified till date and their mode of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kaur Saggu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kanya Maha Vidyalaya, Jalandhar, Punjab, India - 144004.
| | - Amar Nath
- University Centre of Excellence in Research, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot, Punjab India 151203.
| | - Shiv Kumar
- Guru Gobind Singh Medical College, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot, Punjab India 151203.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Primke TF, Ingelfinger R, Elewa MAF, Macinkovic I, Weigert A, Fabritius MP, Reichel CA, Ullrich A, Kazmaier U, Burgers LD, Fürst R. The Microtubule-Targeting Agent Pretubulysin Impairs the Inflammatory Response in Endothelial Cells by a JNK-Dependent Deregulation of the Histone Acetyltransferase Brd4. Cells 2023; 12:2112. [PMID: 37626922 PMCID: PMC10453553 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory effects of depolymerizing microtubule-targeting agents on leukocytes are known for a long time, but the potential involvement of the vascular endothelium and the underlying mechanistic basis is still largely unclear. Using the recently synthesized depolymerizing microtubule-targeting agent pretubulysin, we investigated the anti-inflammatory potential of pretubulysin and other microtubule-targeting agents with respect to the TNF-induced leukocyte adhesion cascade in endothelial cells, to improve our understanding of the underlying biomolecular background. We found that treatment with pretubulysin reduces inflammation in vivo and in vitro via inhibition of the TNF-induced adhesion of leukocytes to the vascular endothelium by down-regulation of the pro-inflammatory cell adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in a JNK-dependent manner. The underlying mechanism includes JNK-induced deregulation and degradation of the histone acetyltransferase Bromodomain-containing protein 4. This study shows that depolymerizing microtubule-targeting agents, in addition to their established effects on leukocytes, also significantly decrease the inflammatory activation of vascular endothelial cells. These effects are not based on altered pro-inflammatory signaling cascades, but require deregulation of the capability of cells to enter constructive transcription for some genes, setting a baseline for further research on the prominent anti-inflammatory effects of depolymerizing microtubule-targeting agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias F. Primke
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany; (T.F.P.); (R.I.); (L.D.B.)
- LOEWE Center for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Rebecca Ingelfinger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany; (T.F.P.); (R.I.); (L.D.B.)
- LOEWE Center for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Mohammed A. F. Elewa
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany; (M.A.F.E.); (I.M.); (A.W.)
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Igor Macinkovic
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany; (M.A.F.E.); (I.M.); (A.W.)
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany; (M.A.F.E.); (I.M.); (A.W.)
| | - Matthias P. Fabritius
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.P.F.); (C.A.R.)
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph A. Reichel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, 81377 Munich, Germany; (M.P.F.); (C.A.R.)
| | - Angelika Ullrich
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (A.U.); (U.K.)
| | - Uli Kazmaier
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; (A.U.); (U.K.)
| | - Luisa D. Burgers
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany; (T.F.P.); (R.I.); (L.D.B.)
| | - Robert Fürst
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany; (T.F.P.); (R.I.); (L.D.B.)
- LOEWE Center for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), Goethe University Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dai Y, Zhang X, Ou Y, Zou L, Zhang D, Yang Q, Qin Y, Du X, Li W, Yuan Z, Xiao Z, Wen Q. Anoikis resistance--protagonists of breast cancer cells survive and metastasize after ECM detachment. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:190. [PMID: 37537585 PMCID: PMC10399053 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01183-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer exhibits the highest global incidence among all tumor types. Regardless of the type of breast cancer, metastasis is a crucial cause of poor prognosis. Anoikis, a form of apoptosis initiated by cell detachment from the native environment, is an outside-in process commencing with the disruption of cytosolic connectors such as integrin-ECM and cadherin-cell. This disruption subsequently leads to intracellular cytoskeletal and signaling pathway alterations, ultimately activating caspases and initiating programmed cell death. Development of an anoikis-resistant phenotype is a critical initial step in tumor metastasis. Breast cancer employs a series of stromal alterations to suppress anoikis in cancer cells. Comprehensive investigation of anoikis resistance mechanisms can inform strategies for preventing and regressing metastatic breast cancer. The present review first outlines the physiological mechanisms of anoikis, elucidating the alterations in signaling pathways, cytoskeleton, and protein targets that transpire from the outside in upon adhesion loss in normal breast cells. The specific anoikis resistance mechanisms induced by pathological changes in various spatial structures during breast cancer development are also discussed. Additionally, the genetic loci of targets altered in the development of anoikis resistance in breast cancer, are summarized. Finally, the micro-RNAs and targeted drugs reported in the literature concerning anoikis are compiled, with keratocin being the most functionally comprehensive. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Dai
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Oncology, Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Kangding, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingjun Ou
- Clinical Medicine School, Southwest Medicial Univercity, Luzhou, China
- Orthopaedics, Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Kangding, China
| | - Linglin Zou
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Duoli Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qingfan Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yi Qin
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiuju Du
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | | | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Qinglian Wen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Iqbal N, Zahoor AF, Rasool N, Khan SG, Akhtar R, Ahmad R. Synthetic Approaches Towards the Total synthesis of tubulysin and its fragments: A review. Curr Org Synth 2021; 19:COS-EPUB-119628. [PMID: 34951368 DOI: 10.2174/1570179419666211222163417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tubulysins, linear tetrapeptides show extraordinary cytotoxicity against various cancer cells, with IC50 values in nano or picomolar range. Due to their extremely vigorous anti-proliferative and antiangiogenic characteristics, tubulysins exhibit captivating prospects in the development of anticancer drugs. This review focuses on diverse routes for the total synthesis of natural and synthetic tubulysins as well as their fragments. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this review is to present the synthetic strategies for the development of antitumor agents, tubulysins. CONCLUSION A range of synthetic pathways adopted for the total synthesis of tubulysins and their fragments have been described in this review. Synthesis of fragments, Tuv, Tup, and Tut can be accomplished by adopting appropriate strategies such as Manganese-mediated synthesis, Ireland-Claisen rearrangement, Mukaiyama aldol reaction, and Mannich process etc. Tubulysin B, D, U, V, and N14-desacetoxytubulysin H have been prepared through Mitsunobu reaction, tert-butanesulfinamide method, Tandem reaction, aza-Barbier reaction, Evans aldol reaction, and C-H activation strategies etc. The remarkable anticancer potential of tubulysins toward a substantiate target make them prominent leads for developing novel drugs against multidrug-resistant cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nosheen Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000-Faisalabad. Pakistan
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000-Faisalabad. Pakistan
| | - Nasir Rasool
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000-Faisalabad. Pakistan
| | - Samreen Gul Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000-Faisalabad. Pakistan
| | - Rabia Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000-Faisalabad. Pakistan
| | - Raheel Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000-Faisalabad. Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Okoth DA, Hug JJ, Mándi A, Kurtán T, Garcia R, Müller R. Structure and biosynthesis of sorangipyranone - a new γ-dihydropyrone from the myxobacterial strain MSr12020. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 48:kuab029. [PMID: 34003283 PMCID: PMC9113121 DOI: 10.1093/jimb/kuab029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Sorangipyranone was isolated as a novel natural product featuring a unique 2,3-dihydro-γ-4H-pyrone scaffold from cultures of the myxobacterial strain MSr12020. We report here the full structure elucidation of sorangipyranone by spectroscopic techniques including 2D NMR and high-resolution mass spectrometry together with the analysis of the biosynthetic pathway. Determination of the absolute configuration was performed by time-dependent density functional theory-electronic circular dichroism calculations and determination of the applicability of the Snatzke's helicity rule, to correlate the high-wavelength n→π* electronic circular dichroism (ECD) transition and the absolute configuration of the 2,3-dihydro-4H-γ-pyrone, was done by the analysis of low-energy conformers and the Kohn-Sham orbitals. Sorangipyranone outlines a new class of a γ-dihydropyrone-containing natural product comprised of malonyl-CoA-derived building blocks and features a unique polyketide scaffold. In silico analysis of the genome sequence of the myxobacterial strain MSr12020 complemented with feeding experiments employing stable isotope-labeled precursors allowed the identification and annotation of a candidate biosynthetic gene cluster that encodes a modular polyketide synthase assembly line. A model for the biosynthetic pathway leading to the formation of the γ-dihydropyrone scaffold is presented in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy A Okoth
- Department Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, Campus E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Joachim J Hug
- Department Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, Campus E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Attila Mándi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, P. O. Box 400, 4002 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tibor Kurtán
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, P. O. Box 400, 4002 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ronald Garcia
- Department Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, Campus E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Department Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University, Campus E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Truebenbach I, Zhang W, Wang Y, Kern S, Höhn M, Reinhard S, Gorges J, Kazmaier U, Wagner E. Co-delivery of pretubulysin and siEG5 to EGFR overexpressing carcinoma cells. Int J Pharm 2019; 569:118570. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
7
|
The synthetic tubulysin derivative, tubugi-1, improves the innate immune response by macrophage polarization in addition to its direct cytotoxic effects in a murine melanoma model. Exp Cell Res 2019; 380:159-170. [PMID: 31042500 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic tubugis are equally potent but more stable than their natural forms. Their anticancer potential was estimated on a solid melanoma in vitro and in vivo. Tubugi-1 induced the apoptosis in B16 cells accompanied with strong intracellular production of reactive species, subsequently imposing glutathione and thiol group depletion. Paradoxically, membrane lipids were excluded from the cascade of intracellular oxidation, according to malondialdehyde decrease. Although morphologically apoptosis was typical, externalization of phosphatidylserine (PS) as an early apoptotic event was not detected. Even their exposition is pivotal for apoptotic cell eradication, primary macrophages successfully eliminated PS-deficient tubugi-1 induced apoptotic cells. The tumor volume in animals exposed to the drug in therapeutic mode was reduced in comparison to control as well as to paclitaxel-treated animals. Importantly, macrophages isolated from tubugi-1 treated animals possessed conserved phagocytic activity and were functionally and phenotypically recognized as M1. The cytotoxic effect of tubugi-1 is accomplished through its ability to polarize the macrophages toward M1, probably by PS independent apoptotic cell engulfment. The unique potential of tubugi-1 to prime the innate immune response through the induction of a specific pattern of tumor cell apoptosis can be of extraordinary importance from fundamental and applicable aspects.
Collapse
|
8
|
Truebenbach I, Kern S, Loy DM, Höhn M, Gorges J, Kazmaier U, Wagner E. Combination Chemotherapy of L1210 Tumors in Mice with Pretubulysin and Methotrexate Lipo-Oligomer Nanoparticles. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:2405-2417. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ines Truebenbach
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-Based Drug Research, and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Sarah Kern
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-Based Drug Research, and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Dominik M. Loy
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-Based Drug Research, and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Miriam Höhn
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-Based Drug Research, and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Gorges
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Uli Kazmaier
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-Based Drug Research, and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kern S, Truebenbach I, Höhn M, Gorges J, Kazmaier U, Zahler S, Vollmar AM, Wagner E. Combined antitumoral effects of pretubulysin and methotrexate. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2019; 7:e00460. [PMID: 30693087 PMCID: PMC6343018 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pretubulysin (PT), a potent tubulin-binding antitumoral drug, and the well-established antimetabolite methotrexate (MTX) were tested separately or in combination (PT+MTX) for antitumoral activity in L1210 leukemia cells or KB cervix carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo in NMRI-nu/nu tumor mouse models. In cultured L1210 cells, treatment with PT or MTX displays strong antitumoral effects in vitro, and the combination PT+MTX exceeds the effect of single drugs. PT also potently kills the MTX resistant KB cell line, without significant MTX combination effect. Cell cycle analysis reveals the expected arrest in G1/S by MTX and in G2/M by PT. In both cell lines, the PT+MTX combination induces a G2/M arrest which is stronger than the PT-triggered G2/M arrest. PT+MTX does not change rates of apoptotic L1210 or KB cells as compared to single drug applications. Confocal laser scanning microscopy images show the microtubule disruption and nuclear fragmentation induced by PT treatment of L1210 and KB cells. MTX changes the architecture of the F-actin skeleton. PT+MTX combines the toxic effects of both drugs. In the in vivo setting, the antitumoral activity of drugs differs from their in vitro cytotoxicity, but their combination effects are more pronounced. MTX on its own does not display significant antitumoral activity, whereas PT reduces tumor growth in both L1210 and KB in vivo models. Consistent with the cell cycle effects, MTX combined at moderate dose boosts the antitumoral effect of PT in both in vivo tumor models. Therefore, the PT+MTX combination may present a promising therapeutic approach for different types of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kern
- Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyCenter for System‐Based Drug Research, and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS)Ludwig‐Maximilians‐UniversitätMunichGermany
| | - Ines Truebenbach
- Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyCenter for System‐Based Drug Research, and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS)Ludwig‐Maximilians‐UniversitätMunichGermany
| | - Miriam Höhn
- Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyCenter for System‐Based Drug Research, and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS)Ludwig‐Maximilians‐UniversitätMunichGermany
| | - Jan Gorges
- Institute for Organic ChemistrySaarland UniversitySaarbrückenGermany
| | - Uli Kazmaier
- Institute for Organic ChemistrySaarland UniversitySaarbrückenGermany
| | - Stefan Zahler
- Pharmaceutical BiologyCenter for System‐Based Drug ResearchLudwig‐Maximilians‐UniversitätMunichGermany
| | - Angelika M. Vollmar
- Pharmaceutical BiologyCenter for System‐Based Drug ResearchLudwig‐Maximilians‐UniversitätMunichGermany
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyCenter for System‐Based Drug Research, and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS)Ludwig‐Maximilians‐UniversitätMunichGermany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dubich T, Lieske A, Santag S, Beauclair G, Rückert J, Herrmann J, Gorges J, Büsche G, Kazmaier U, Hauser H, Stadler M, Schulz TF, Wirth D. An endothelial cell line infected by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV) allows the investigation of Kaposi's sarcoma and the validation of novel viral inhibitors in vitro and in vivo. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:311-324. [PMID: 30610257 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-018-01733-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the etiological agent of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), a tumor of endothelial origin predominantly affecting immunosuppressed individuals. Up to date, vaccines and targeted therapies are not available. Screening and identification of anti-viral compounds are compromised by the lack of scalable cell culture systems reflecting properties of virus-transformed cells in patients. Further, the strict specificity of the virus for humans limits the development of in vivo models. In this study, we exploited a conditionally immortalized human endothelial cell line for establishment of in vitro 2D and 3D KSHV latency models and the generation of KS-like xenograft tumors in mice. Importantly, the invasive properties and tumor formation could be completely reverted by purging KSHV from the cells, confirming that tumor formation is dependent on the continued presence of KSHV, rather than being a consequence of irreversible transformation of the infected cells. Upon testing a library of 260 natural metabolites, we selected the compounds that induced viral loss or reduced the invasiveness of infected cells in 2D and 3D endothelial cell culture systems. The efficacy of selected compounds against KSHV-induced tumor formation was verified in the xenograft model. Together, this study shows that the combined use of anti-viral and anti-tumor assays based on the same cell line is predictive for tumor reduction in vivo and therefore allows faithful selection of novel drug candidates against Kaposi's sarcoma. KEY MESSAGES: Novel 2D, 3D, and xenograft mouse models mimic the consequences of KSHV infection. KSHV-induced tumorigenesis can be reverted upon purging the cells from the virus. A 3D invasiveness assay is predictive for tumor reduction in vivo. Chondramid B, epothilone B, and pretubulysin D diminish KS-like lesions in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Dubich
- Model Systems for Infection and Immunity, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Anna Lieske
- Model Systems for Infection and Immunity, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Susann Santag
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research, Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Guillaume Beauclair
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research, Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jessica Rückert
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research, Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jennifer Herrmann
- German Centre for Infection Research, Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany.,Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jan Gorges
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Guntram Büsche
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Uli Kazmaier
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Hansjörg Hauser
- Model Systems for Infection and Immunity, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marc Stadler
- German Centre for Infection Research, Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany.,Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Thomas F Schulz
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research, Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dagmar Wirth
- Model Systems for Infection and Immunity, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany. .,Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang XM, Liu YW, Wang QE, Zhou Z, Si CM, Wei BG. A divergent method to key unit of tubulysin V through one-pot diastereoselective Mannich process of N,O-acetal with ketone. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
12
|
Shao M, Bai X, Ma X, Yan N, Yao L. Synthesis and antitumor activities of 3-substituted-analine derivatives: structure modifications of Tuv part of tubulysins. Chem Cent J 2018; 12:115. [PMID: 30443866 PMCID: PMC6768038 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-018-0483-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tubulysins family is a kind of natural compound with potent, antitumor activity. To simplify the synthesis route and find new antitumor compounds is becoming a hotspot of research recent years. RESULTS Starting from 3-nitrobenzoic acid, after 7 steps transformations, 12 new tubulysin analogues were synthesized by the conformational restraint and bioisostere principle. These structures are featuring 3-substituted analine moieties. All these compounds are new compounds, and the structures were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS. The antitumor activities were screened by the MTT method using MDA-MB-231and MCF7 cells. CONCLUSIONS Compound IIb exhibited certain antitumor activity with the IC50 value of 7.6 and 11.8 µM against MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 cells respectively. Compounds IIa-IIe had moderate antitumor activities suggested that the thiazole ring in the Tuv could be replaced by the phenyl ring. However, Compounds Ia-Ie lose antitumor activity dramatically suggested that the conformation of the Tuv was crucial for the tubulysin analogues to maintain the biological activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingsha Shao
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinfa Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Klein PM, Kern S, Lee DJ, Schmaus J, Höhn M, Gorges J, Kazmaier U, Wagner E. Folate receptor-directed orthogonal click-functionalization of siRNA lipopolyplexes for tumor cell killing in vivo. Biomaterials 2018; 178:630-642. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
14
|
Nicolaou KC, Erande RD, Yin J, Vourloumis D, Aujay M, Sandoval J, Munneke S, Gavrilyuk J. Improved Total Synthesis of Tubulysins and Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of New Tubulysins with Highly Potent Cytotoxicities against Cancer Cells as Potential Payloads for Antibody-Drug Conjugates. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:3690-3711. [PMID: 29381062 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b12692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Improved, streamlined total syntheses of natural tubulysins such as V (Tb45) and U (Tb46) and pretubulysin D (PTb-D43), and their application to the synthesis of designed tubulysin analogues (Tb44, PTb-D42, PTb-D47-PTb-D49, and Tb50-Tb120), are described. Cytotoxicity evaluation of the synthesized compounds against certain cancer cell lines revealed a number of novel analogues with exceptional potencies [e.g., Tb111: IC50 = 40 pM against MES SA (uterine sarcoma) cell line; IC50 = 6 pM against HEK 293T (human embryonic kidney cancer) cell line; and IC50 = 1.54 nM against MES SA DX (MES SA with marked multidrug resistance) cell line]. These studies led to a set of valuable structure-activity relationships that provide guidance to further molecular design, synthesis, and biological evaluation studies. The extremely potent cytotoxic compounds discovered in these investigations are highly desirable as potential payloads for antibody-drug conjugates and other drug delivery systems for personalized targeted cancer chemotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Rohan D Erande
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Dionisios Vourloumis
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States.,Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products & Designed Molecules , N.C.S.R "Demokritos" , 153 10 Agia Paraskevi , Athens , Greece
| | - Monette Aujay
- AbbVie Stemcentrx, LLC , 450 East Jamie Court , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Joseph Sandoval
- AbbVie Stemcentrx, LLC , 450 East Jamie Court , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Stefan Munneke
- AbbVie Stemcentrx, LLC , 450 East Jamie Court , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| | - Julia Gavrilyuk
- AbbVie Stemcentrx, LLC , 450 East Jamie Court , South San Francisco , California 94080 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Schwenk R, Stehning T, Bischoff I, Ullrich A, Kazmaier U, Fürst R. The pretubulysin-induced exposure of collagen is caused by endothelial cell retraction that results in an increased adhesion and decreased transmigration of tumor cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:77622-77633. [PMID: 29100413 PMCID: PMC5652804 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs) are the most widely used chemotherapeutic drugs. Pretubulysin (PT), a biosynthetic precursor of the myxobacterial tubulysins, was recently identified as a novel MTA. Besides its strong anti-tumoral activities, PT attenuates tumor angiogenesis, exerts anti-vascular actions on tumor vessels and decreases cancer metastasis formation in vivo. The aim of the present study was to analyze the impact of PT on the interaction of endothelial and tumor cells in vitro to gain insights into the mechanism underlying its anti-metastatic effect. The influence of PT on tumor cell adhesion and transmigration onto/through the endothelium as well as its influence on cell adhesion molecules and the chemokine system CXCL12/CXCR4 was investigated. Treatment of human endothelial cells with PT increased the adhesion of breast cancer cells to the endothelial monolayer, whereas their transmigration through the endothelium was strongly reduced. Interestingly, the PT-induced upregulation of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and CXCL12 were dispensable for the PT-evoked tumor cell adhesion. Tumor cells preferred to adhere to collagen exposed within PT-triggered endothelial gaps via β1-integrins on the tumor cell surface. Taken together, our study provides, at least in part, an explanation for the anti-metastatic potential of PT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Schwenk
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tanja Stehning
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Iris Bischoff
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Angelika Ullrich
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Uli Kazmaier
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Robert Fürst
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhu J, Li Y, Chen C, Ma J, Sun W, Tian Z, Li J, Xu J, Liu CS, Zhang D, Huang C, Huang H. NF-κB p65 Overexpression Promotes Bladder Cancer Cell Migration via FBW7-Mediated Degradation of RhoGDIα Protein. Neoplasia 2017; 19:672-683. [PMID: 28772241 PMCID: PMC5540704 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since invasive bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most lethal urological malignant tumors worldwide, understanding the molecular mechanisms that trigger the migration, invasion, and metastasis of BC has great significance in reducing the mortality of this disease. Although RelA/p65, a member of the NF-kappa B transcription factor family, has been reported to be upregulated in human BCs, its regulation of BC motility and mechanisms have not been explored yet. METHODS NF-κBp65 expression was evaluated in N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (BBN)-induced high invasive BCs by immunohistochemistry staining and in human BC cell lines demonstrated by Western Blot. The effects of NF-κBp65 knockdown on BC cell migration and invasion, as well as its regulated RhoGDIα and FBW7, were also evaluated in T24T cells by using loss- and gain-function approaches. Moreover, the interaction of FBW7 with RhoGDIα was determined with immunoprecipitation assay, while critical role of ubiquitination of RhoGDIα by FBW7 was also demonstrated in the studies. RESULTS p65 protein was remarkably upregulated in the BBN-induced high invasive BCs and in human BC cell lines. We also observed that p65 overexpression promoted BC cell migration by inhibiting RhoGDIα expression. The regulatory effect of p65 on RhoGDIα expression is mediated by its upregulation of FBW7, which specifically interacted with RhoGDIα and promoted RhoGDIα ubiquitination and degradation. Mechanistic studies revealed that p65 stabilizing the E3 ligase FBW7 protein was mediated by its attenuating pten mRNA transcription. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that p65 overexpression inhibits pten mRNA transcription, which stabilizes the protein expression of ubiquitin E3 ligase FBW7, in turn increasing the ubiquitination and degradation of RhoGDIα protein and finally promoting human BC migration. The novel identification of p65/PTEN/FBW7/RhoGDIα axis provides a significant insight into understanding the nature of BC migration, further offering a new theoretical support for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Key Words
- bc, bladder cancer
- bbn, n-butyl-n-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine
- chx, cycloheximide
- rt-pcr, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction
- nf-κb, transcription factors of the nuclear factor kappa b
- rhogdi, rho guanosine diphosphate dissociation inhibitors
- fbw7, f-box and wd repeat domain-containing 7
- pten, phosphatase and tensin homolog
- gfp, green fluorescent protein
- mef, murine embryonic fibroblasts
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junlan Zhu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China 325035; Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| | - Yang Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China 325035; Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| | - Caiyi Chen
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China 325035
| | - Jiugao Ma
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China 325035
| | - Wenrui Sun
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China 325035
| | - Zhongxian Tian
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China 325035; Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| | - Jingxia Li
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| | - Jiheng Xu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China 325035; Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| | - Claire S Liu
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| | - Dongyun Zhang
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| | - Chuanshu Huang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China 325035; Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA.
| | - Haishan Huang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China 325035.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Truebenbach I, Gorges J, Kuhn J, Kern S, Baratti E, Kazmaier U, Wagner E, Lächelt U. Sequence-Defined Oligoamide Drug Conjugates of Pretubulysin and Methotrexate for Folate Receptor Targeted Cancer Therapy. Macromol Biosci 2017; 17. [PMID: 28371444 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The conjugation of small molecule drugs to ligand containing carrier systems facilitates receptor targeted delivery. The folate receptor (FR) constitutes an ideal target for tumor selective therapy, being overexpressed on several tumor types. It can be targeted using the vitamin folic acid (FolA) or the structurally related drug methotrexate (MTX). Several sequence-defined oligoamides with mono- and multivalent FolA or MTX ligands and an additional thiol conjugation site are synthesized via solid-phase assisted synthesis. Their structure activity relationships are assessed in respect to dihydrofolate reductase inhibition, receptor mediated endocytosis, and cytotoxicity. Then, the tubulin-binding agent pretubulysin (PT), a highly potent drug exhibiting antitumoral, antiangiogenic, and antimetastatic properties, is conjugated via an activated mercaptane derivative to the set of FR-targeting oligoamides. In a combined PT/MTX cytotoxicity study in FR-overexpressing KB and L1210 cells, a 2-arm MTX-PT construct or the 4-arm analog displays the highest potency in the respective cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ines Truebenbach
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-Based Drug Research and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Gorges
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, P. O. Box 151150, 66041, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jasmin Kuhn
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-Based Drug Research and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Sarah Kern
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-Based Drug Research and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Emanuele Baratti
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-Based Drug Research and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Uli Kazmaier
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, P. O. Box 151150, 66041, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-Based Drug Research and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrich Lächelt
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-Based Drug Research and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Herrmann J, Fayad AA, Müller R. Natural products from myxobacteria: novel metabolites and bioactivities. Nat Prod Rep 2016; 34:135-160. [PMID: 27907217 DOI: 10.1039/c6np00106h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2011-July 2016Myxobacteria are a rich source for structurally diverse secondary metabolites with intriguing biological activities. Here we report on new natural products that were isolated from myxobacteria in the period of 2011 to July 2016. Some examples of recent advances on modes-of-action are also summarised along with a more detailed overview on five compound classes currently assessed in preclinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Herrmann
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tao W, Zhou W, Zhou Z, Si CM, Sun X, Wei BG. An enantioselective total synthesis of tubulysin V. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
20
|
Colombo R, Wang Z, Han J, Balachandran R, Daghestani HN, Camarco DP, Vogt A, Day BW, Mendel D, Wipf P. Total Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Tubulysin Analogues. J Org Chem 2016; 81:10302-10320. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Colombo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
- Lilly Research
Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Junyan Han
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | - David Mendel
- Lilly Research
Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Peter Wipf
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hoffmann J, Gorges J, Junk L, Kazmaier U. Synthesis of pretubulysin-derivatives via the TubUgi-approach. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 13:6010-20. [PMID: 25940385 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00587f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The Ugi reaction is found to be a very powerful tool for the synthesis of (pre)tubulysin derivatives, allowing the introduction of various functionalized side chains in only one step. While polar groups such as amides are not well tolerated, unpolar side chains such as allyl or propargyl ether are well accepted. These functionalities also allow subsequent modifications in the side chain, e.g. via ring closing metathesis or Click reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Hoffmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Development of a practical and scalable route for the preparation of the deacetoxytubuvaline (dTuv) fragment of pretubulysin and analogs. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
23
|
Nicolaou KC, Yin J, Mandal D, Erande RD, Klahn P, Jin M, Aujay M, Sandoval J, Gavrilyuk J, Vourloumis D. Total Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Natural and Designed Tubulysins. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:1698-708. [PMID: 26829208 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b12557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A streamlined total synthesis of N(14)-desacetoxytubulysin H (Tb1) based on a C-H activation strategy and a short total synthesis of pretubulysin D (PTb-D43) are described. Applications of the developed synthetic strategies and technologies to the synthesis of a series of tubulysin analogues (Tb2-Tb41 and PTb-D42) are also reported. Biological evaluation of the synthesized compounds against an array of cancer cells revealed a number of novel analogues (e.g., Tb14), some with exceptional potencies against certain cell lines [e.g., Tb32 with IC50 = 12 pM against MES SA (uterine sarcoma) cell line and 2 pM against HEK 293T (human embryonic kidney) cell line], and a set of valuable structure-activity relationships. The highly potent cytotoxic compounds discovered in this study are highly desirable as payloads for antibody-drug conjugates and other drug delivery systems for personalized targeted cancer chemotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Debashis Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Rohan D Erande
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Philipp Klahn
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Michael Jin
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Monette Aujay
- Stemcentrx Inc. , 450 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Joseph Sandoval
- Stemcentrx Inc. , 450 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Julia Gavrilyuk
- Stemcentrx Inc. , 450 East Jamie Court, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Dionisios Vourloumis
- Department of Chemistry, BioScience Research Collaborative, and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.,Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products & Designed Molecules, National Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos" , Agia Paraskevi-Athens GR-15310, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Pseudomonas putida-a versatile host for the production of natural products. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:6197-214. [PMID: 26099332 PMCID: PMC4495716 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6745-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/30/2022]
Abstract
The biosynthesis of natural products by heterologous expression of biosynthetic pathways in amenable production strains enables biotechnological access to a variety of valuable compounds by conversion of renewable resources. Pseudomonas putida has emerged as a microbial laboratory work horse, with elaborated techniques for cultivation and genetic manipulation available. Beyond that, this bacterium offers several particular advantages with regard to natural product biosynthesis, notably a versatile intrinsic metabolism with diverse enzymatic capacities as well as an outstanding tolerance to xenobiotics. Therefore, it has been applied for recombinant biosynthesis of several valuable natural products. This review provides an overview of applications of P. putida as a host organism for the recombinant biosynthesis of such natural products, including rhamnolipids, terpenoids, polyketides and non-ribosomal peptides, and other amino acid-derived compounds. The focus is on de novo natural product synthesis from intrinsic building blocks by means of heterologous gene expression and strain engineering. Finally, the future potential of the bacterium as a chassis organism for synthetic microbiology is pointed out.
Collapse
|
25
|
From nature to bedside: Pro-survival and cell death mechanisms as therapeutic targets in cancer treatment. Biotechnol Adv 2014; 32:1111-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
26
|
Hoffmann J, Kazmaier U. A straightforward approach towards cyclic photoactivatable tubulysin derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:11356-60. [PMID: 25196233 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201405650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The development of a new photolabile protecting group containing an additional allyl functionality allows the synthesis of cyclic photoactivatable natural products. Cyclization occurs between the allyl moiety in the protecting group and a second double bond in the target molecule by means of ring-closing metathesis. Cyclization should increase the metabolic stability towards proteases. On the other hand, the conformational change should cause diminished biological activity. As illustrated for tubulysin derivatives, cyclic and photoactivatable drug candidates can easily be obtained in only two steps from simple building blocks through Ugi reaction and ring-closing metathesis. The photolabile protecting group is introduced by means of the isocyanide component during the Ugi reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Hoffmann
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, 66041 Saarbrücken (Germany) http://www.uni-saarland.de/fak8/kazmaier
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hoffmann J, Kazmaier U. Ein einfacher Zugang zu cyclischen photoaktivierbaren Tubulysin-Derivaten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201405650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|