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Lee WG, Kim ES. Precision Oncology in Pediatric Cancer Surgery. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2024; 33:409-446. [PMID: 38401917 DOI: 10.1016/j.soc.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Pediatric precision oncology has provided a greater understanding of the wide range of molecular alterations in difficult-to-treat or rare tumors with the aims of increasing survival as well as decreasing toxicity and morbidity from current cytotoxic therapies. In this article, the authors discuss the current state of pediatric precision oncology which has increased access to novel targeted therapies while also providing a framework for clinical implementation in this unique population. The authors evaluate the targetable mutations currently under investigation-with a focus on pediatric solid tumors-and discuss the key surgical implications associated with novel targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- William G Lee
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 116 North Robertson Boulevard, Suite PACT 700, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA. https://twitter.com/william_ghh_lee
| | - Eugene S Kim
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 116 North Robertson Boulevard, Suite PACT 700, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
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2
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Pellot Ortiz KI, Rechberger JS, Nonnenbroich LF, Daniels DJ, Sarkaria JN. MDM2 Inhibition in the Treatment of Glioblastoma: From Concept to Clinical Investigation. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1879. [PMID: 37509518 PMCID: PMC10377337 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of the interaction between MDM2 and p53 has emerged as a promising strategy for combating cancer, including the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM). Numerous MDM2 inhibitors have been developed and are currently undergoing rigorous testing for their potential in GBM therapy. Encouraging results from studies conducted in cell culture and animal models suggest that MDM2 inhibitors could effectively treat a specific subset of GBM patients with wild-type TP53 or functional p53. Combination therapy with clinically established treatment modalities such as radiation and chemotherapy offers the potential to achieve a more profound therapeutic response. Furthermore, an increasing array of other molecularly targeted therapies are being explored in combination with MDM2 inhibitors to increase the effects of individual treatments. While some MDM2 inhibitors have progressed to early phase clinical trials in GBM, their efficacy, alone and in combination, is yet to be confirmed. In this article, we present an overview of MDM2 inhibitors currently under preclinical and clinical investigation, with a specific focus on the drugs being assessed in ongoing clinical trials for GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julian S Rechberger
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Leo F Nonnenbroich
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David J Daniels
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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3
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Dey DK, Sharma C, Vadlamudi Y, Kang SC. CopA3 peptide inhibits MDM2-p53 complex stability in colorectal cancers and activates p53 mediated cell death machinery. Life Sci 2023; 318:121476. [PMID: 36758667 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
The diverse expression patterns of the tumor suppressor p53 in cancer cells reflect the regulatory efficiency of multiple cellular pathways. By contrast, many human tumors are reported to develop in the presence of wild-type p53. Recently, several oncogene inhibitors have been used clinically to suppress tumor development by functionally reactivating other oncoproteins. On the other hand, p53 reactivation therapies have not been well established, as few of the p53-MDM2 complex inhibitors such as Nutlin-3 induces mutation in p53 gene upon prolonged usage. Therefore, in this study CopA3, a 9-mer dimeric D-type peptide with anticancer activity against the human colorectal cancer cells, was used to explore the efficacy of p53 reactivation in-vitro and in-vivo. The anticancer activity of CopA3 was more selective towards the wild-type p53 expressing cells than the p53 deficient or mutant colorectal cancer cells. In response to this, this study investigated the signaling pathway in vitro and validated its anti-tumor activity in-vivo. The protein-peptide interaction and molecular docking efficiently provided insight into the specific binding affinity of CopA3 to the p53-binding pocket of the MDM2 protein, which efficiently blocked the p53 and MDM2 interaction. CopA3 plays a crucial role in the binding with MDM2 and enhanced the nuclear translocation of the p53 protein, which sequentially activated the downstream targets to trigger the autophagic mediated cell death machinery through the JNK/Beclin-1 mediated pathway. Collectively, CopA3 affected the MDM2-p53 interaction, which suppressed tumor development. This study may provide a novel inhibitor candidate for the MDM2-p53 complex, which could ultimately suppress the growth of colorectal cancer cells without being cytotoxic to the healthy neighboring cells present around the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasish Kumar Dey
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanchal Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Yellamandayya Vadlamudi
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Chul Kang
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38453, Republic of Korea.
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Lerma Clavero A, Boqvist PL, Ingelshed K, Bosdotter C, Sedimbi S, Jiang L, Wermeling F, Vojtesek B, Lane DP, Kannan P. MDM2 inhibitors, nutlin-3a and navtemadelin, retain efficacy in human and mouse cancer cells cultured in hypoxia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4583. [PMID: 36941277 PMCID: PMC10027891 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31484-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of p53 by small molecule MDM2 inhibitors can induce cell cycle arrest or death in p53 wildtype cancer cells. However, cancer cells exposed to hypoxia can develop resistance to other small molecules, such as chemotherapies, that activate p53. Here, we evaluated whether hypoxia could render cancer cells insensitive to two MDM2 inhibitors with different potencies, nutlin-3a and navtemadlin. Inhibitor efficacy and potency were evaluated under short-term hypoxic conditions in human and mouse cancer cells expressing different p53 genotypes (wild-type, mutant, or null). Treatment of wild-type p53 cancer cells with MDM2 inhibitors reduced cell growth by > 75% in hypoxia through activation of the p53-p21 signaling pathway; no inhibitor-induced growth reduction was observed in hypoxic mutant or null p53 cells except at very high concentrations. The concentration of inhibitors needed to induce the maximal p53 response was not significantly different in hypoxia compared to normoxia. However, inhibitor efficacy varied by species and by cell line, with stronger effects at lower concentrations observed in human cell lines than in mouse cell lines grown as 2D and 3D cultures. Together, these results indicate that MDM2 inhibitors retain efficacy in hypoxia, suggesting they could be useful for targeting acutely hypoxic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada Lerma Clavero
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Paula Lafqvist Boqvist
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katrine Ingelshed
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Bosdotter
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Saikiran Sedimbi
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Moderna Therapeutics, 200 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Long Jiang
- Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Wermeling
- Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Borivoj Vojtesek
- RECAMO, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 656 53, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - David P Lane
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Pavitra Kannan
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Van Goethem A, Deleu J, Yigit N, Everaert C, Moreno-Smith M, Vasudevan S, Zeka F, Demuynck F, Barbieri E, Speleman F, Mestdagh P, Shohet J, Vandesompele J, Van Maerken T. Longitudinal evaluation of serum microRNAs as biomarkers for neuroblastoma burden and therapeutic p53 reactivation. NAR Cancer 2023; 5:zcad002. [PMID: 36683916 PMCID: PMC9846426 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcad002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurate assessment of treatment response and residual disease is indispensable for the evaluation of cancer treatment efficacy. However, performing tissue biopsies for longitudinal follow-up poses a major challenge in the management of solid tumours like neuroblastoma. In the present study, we evaluated whether circulating miRNAs are suitable to monitor neuroblastoma tumour burden and whether treatment-induced changes of miRNA abundance in the tumour are detectable in serum. We performed small RNA sequencing on longitudinally collected serum samples from mice carrying orthotopic neuroblastoma xenografts that were exposed to treatment with idasanutlin or temsirolimus. We identified 57 serum miRNAs to be differentially expressed upon xenograft tumour manifestation, out of which 21 were also found specifically expressed in the serum of human high-risk neuroblastoma patients. The murine serum levels of these 57 miRNAs correlated with tumour tissue expression and tumour volume, suggesting potential utility for monitoring tumour burden. In addition, we describe serum miRNAs that dynamically respond to p53 activation following treatment of engrafted mice with idasanutlin. We identified idasanutlin-induced serum miRNA expression changes upon one day and 11 days of treatment. By limiting to miRNAs with a tumour-related induction, we put forward hsa-miR-34a-5p as a potential pharmacodynamic biomarker of p53 activation in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Van Goethem
- OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jill Deleu
- OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nurten Yigit
- OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Celine Everaert
- OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Myrthala Moreno-Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sanjeev A Vasudevan
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fjoralba Zeka
- OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fleur Demuynck
- OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eveline Barbieri
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Frank Speleman
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- PPOL, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter Mestdagh
- OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jason Shohet
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jo Vandesompele
- OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Van Maerken
- OncoRNALab, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, AZ Groeninge, Kortrijk, Belgium
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Keller KM, Eleveld TF, Schild L, van den Handel K, van den Boogaard M, Amo-Addae V, Eising S, Ober K, Koopmans B, Looijenga L, Tytgat GA, Ylstra B, Molenaar JJ, Dolman MEM, van Hooff SR. Chromosome 11q loss and MYCN amplification demonstrate synthetic lethality with checkpoint kinase 1 inhibition in neuroblastoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:929123. [PMID: 36237330 PMCID: PMC9552537 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.929123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor found in children and despite intense multi-modal therapeutic approaches, low overall survival rates of high-risk patients persist. Tumors with heterozygous loss of chromosome 11q and MYCN amplification are two genetically distinct subsets of neuroblastoma that are associated with poor patient outcome. Using an isogenic 11q deleted model system and high-throughput drug screening, we identify checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) as a potential therapeutic target for 11q deleted neuroblastoma. Further investigation reveals MYCN amplification as a possible additional biomarker for CHK1 inhibition, independent of 11q loss. Overall, our study highlights the potential power of studying chromosomal aberrations to guide preclinical development of novel drug targets and combinations. Additionally, our study builds on the growing evidence that DNA damage repair and replication stress response pathways offer therapeutic vulnerabilities for the treatment of neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylee M. Keller
- Department of Research, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Thomas F. Eleveld
- Department of Research, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Linda Schild
- Department of Research, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Kim van den Handel
- Department of Research, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Vicky Amo-Addae
- Department of Research, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Selma Eising
- Department of Research, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Kimberley Ober
- Department of Research, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Bianca Koopmans
- Department of Research, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Leendert Looijenga
- Department of Research, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Godelieve A.M. Tytgat
- Department of Research, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Bauke Ylstra
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jan J. Molenaar
- Department of Research, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Jan J. Molenaar,
| | - M. Emmy M. Dolman
- Department of Research, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Sander R. van Hooff
- Department of Research, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
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7
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Tian XM, Xiang B, Yu YH, Li Q, Zhang ZX, Zhanghuang C, Jin LM, Wang JK, Mi T, Chen ML, Liu F, Wei GH. A novel cuproptosis-related subtypes and gene signature associates with immunophenotype and predicts prognosis accurately in neuroblastoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:999849. [PMID: 36211401 PMCID: PMC9540510 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.999849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most frequent solid tumor in pediatrics, which accounts for roughly 15% of cancer-related mortality in children. NB exhibited genetic, morphologic, and clinical heterogeneity, which limited the efficacy of available therapeutic approaches. Recently, a new term 'cuproptosis' has been used to denote a unique biological process triggered by the action of copper. In this instance, selectively inducing copper death is likely to successfully overcome the limitations of conventional anticancer drugs. However, there is still a gap regarding the role of cuproptosis in cancer, especially in pediatric neuroblastoma. Methods We characterized the specific expression of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in NB samples based on publicly available mRNA expression profile data. Consensus clustering and Lasso-Cox regression analysis were applied for CRGs in three independent cohorts. ESTIMATE and Xcell algorithm was utilized to visualize TME score and immune cell subpopulations' relative abundances. Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) score was used to predict tumor response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. To decipher the underlying mechanism, GSVA was applied to explore enriched pathways associated with cuproptosis signature and Connectivity map (CMap) analysis for drug exploration. Finally, qPCR verified the expression levels of risk-genes in NB cell lines. In addition, PDHA1 was screened and further validated by immunofluorescence in human clinical samples and loss-of-function assays. Results We initially classified NB patients according to CRGs and identified two cuproptosis-related subtypes that were associated with prognosis and immunophenotype. After this, a cuproptosis-related prognostic model was constructed and validated by LASSO regression in three independent cohorts. This model can accurately predict prognosis, immune infiltration, and immunotherapy responses. These genes also showed differential expression in various characteristic groups of all three datasets and NB cell lines. Loss-of-function experiments indicated that PDHA1 silencing significantly suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion, in turn, promoted cell cycle arrest at the S phase and apoptosis of NB cells. Conclusions Taken together, this study may shed light on new research areas for NB patients from the cuproptosis perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Mao Tian
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Xiang
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi-Hang Yu
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhao-Xia Zhang
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, China
| | - Chenghao Zhanghuang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, China
| | - Li-Ming Jin
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin-Kui Wang
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Mi
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, China
| | - Mei-Lin Chen
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, China
| | - Guang-Hui Wei
- Department of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, China
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8
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Zhu H, Gao H, Ji Y, Zhou Q, Du Z, Tian L, Jiang Y, Yao K, Zhou Z. Targeting p53-MDM2 interaction by small-molecule inhibitors: learning from MDM2 inhibitors in clinical trials. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:91. [PMID: 35831864 PMCID: PMC9277894 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01314-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
p53, encoded by the tumor suppressor gene TP53, is one of the most important tumor suppressor factors in vivo and can be negatively regulated by MDM2 through p53–MDM2 negative feedback loop. Abnormal p53 can be observed in almost all tumors, mainly including p53 mutation and functional inactivation. Blocking MDM2 to restore p53 function is a hotspot in the development of anticancer candidates. Till now, nine MDM2 inhibitors with different structural types have entered clinical trials. However, no MDM2 inhibitor has been approved for clinical application. This review focused on the discovery, structural modification, preclinical and clinical research of the above compounds from the perspective of medicinal chemistry. Based on this, the possible defects in MDM2 inhibitors in clinical development were analyzed to suggest that the multitarget strategy or targeted degradation strategy based on MDM2 has the potential to reduce the dose-dependent hematological toxicity of MDM2 inhibitors and improve their anti-tumor activity, providing certain guidance for the development of agents targeting the p53–MDM2 interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohao Zhu
- The Affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Tongren International Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, 214151, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Jiangyin People's Hospital, Wuxi, 214400, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingying Ji
- The Affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Tongren International Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, 214151, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- The Affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Tongren International Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, 214151, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Du
- The Affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Tongren International Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, 214151, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Tian
- The Affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Tongren International Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, 214151, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- The Affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Tongren International Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, 214151, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Kun Yao
- The Affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Tongren International Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, 214151, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhenhe Zhou
- The Affiliated Wuxi Mental Health Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Tongren International Rehabilitation Hospital, Wuxi, 214151, Jiangsu, China.
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9
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Rathi S, Griffith JI, Zhang W, Zhang W, Oh JH, Talele S, Sarkaria JN, Elmquist WF. The influence of the blood-brain barrier in the treatment of brain tumours. J Intern Med 2022; 292:3-30. [PMID: 35040235 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Brain tumours have a poor prognosis and lack effective treatments. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) represents a major hurdle to drug delivery to brain tumours. In some locations in the tumour, the BBB may be disrupted to form the blood-brain tumour barrier (BBTB). This leaky BBTB enables diagnosis of brain tumours by contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging; however, this disruption is heterogeneous throughout the tumour. Thus, relying on the disrupted BBTB for achieving effective drug concentrations in brain tumours has met with little clinical success. Because of this, it would be beneficial to design drugs and drug delivery strategies to overcome the 'normal' BBB to effectively treat the brain tumours. In this review, we discuss the role of BBB/BBTB in brain tumour diagnosis and treatment highlighting the heterogeneity of the BBTB. We also discuss various strategies to improve drug delivery across the BBB/BBTB to treat both primary and metastatic brain tumours. Recognizing that the BBB represents a critical determinant of drug efficacy in central nervous system tumours will allow a more rapid translation from basic science to clinical application. A more complete understanding of the factors, such as BBB-limited drug delivery, that have hindered progress in treating both primary and metastatic brain tumours, is necessary to develop more effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Rathi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jessica I Griffith
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Wenqiu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ju-Hee Oh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Surabhi Talele
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - William F Elmquist
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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10
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Wang Q, Li J, Zhu J, Mao J, Duan C, Liang X, Zhu L, Zhu M, Zhang Z, Lin F, Guo R. Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screening for therapeutic targets in NSCLC carrying wild-type TP53 and receptor tyrosine kinase genes. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e882. [PMID: 35692096 PMCID: PMC9189421 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Targeted drugs have greatly improved the therapeutic outcome of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients compared with conventional chemotherapy, whereas about one‐third of patients are so far not suitable for targeted therapy due to lack of known driver oncogenes such as a mutated receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) genes. In this study, we aimed to identify therapeutic targets for this subgroup of NSCLC patients. Methods We performed genome‐wide CRISPR/Cas9 screens in two NSCLC cell lines carrying wild‐type TP53 and receptor tyrosine kinase (wtTP53‐RTK) genes using a GeCKO v2.0 lentiviral library (containing 123411 sgRNAs and targeting 19050 genes). MAGeCKFlute was used to analyse and identify candidate genes. Genetic perturbation and pharmacological inhibition were used to validate the result in vitro and in vivo. Results The Genome‐wide CRISPR/Cas9 screening identified MDM2 as a potential therapeutic target for wtTP53‐RTK NSCLC. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of MDM2 reduced cell proliferation and impaired tumour growth in the xenograft model, thus confirming the finding of the CRISPR/Cas9 screening. Moreover, treatment by a selective MDM2 inhibitor RG7388 triggered both cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in several NSCLC cell lines. Additionally, RG7388 and pemetrexed synergistically blocked the cell proliferation and growth of wtTP53‐RTK tumours but had limited effects for other genotypes. Conclusions We identified MDM2 as an essential gene and a potential therapeutic target in wtTP53‐RTK NSCLC via a genome‐wide CRISPR/Cas9 screening. For this subgroup, treatment by RG7388 alone or by its combination with pemetrexed resulted in significant tumour inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Wang
- Department of Oncologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Oncologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Oncologythe Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jiaqi Mao
- Department of Cell BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesInstitute for Brain Tumors & Key Laboratory of Rare Metabolic DiseasesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Chao Duan
- Department of Cell BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesInstitute for Brain Tumors & Key Laboratory of Rare Metabolic DiseasesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Oncologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Lingyun Zhu
- Department of Cell BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesInstitute for Brain Tumors & Key Laboratory of Rare Metabolic DiseasesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Mengyan Zhu
- Department of BioinformaticsNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Department of Pathologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Fan Lin
- Department of Cell BiologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesInstitute for Brain Tumors & Key Laboratory of Rare Metabolic DiseasesNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Renhua Guo
- Department of Oncologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
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11
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Pairawan S, Akcakanat A, Kopetz S, Tapia C, Zheng X, Chen H, Ha MJ, Rizvi Y, Holla V, Wang J, Evans KW, Zhao M, Busaidy N, Fang B, Roth JA, Dumbrava EI, Meric-Bernstam F. Combined MEK/MDM2 inhibition demonstrates antitumor efficacy in TP53 wild-type thyroid and colorectal cancers with MAPK alterations. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1248. [PMID: 35075200 PMCID: PMC8786858 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05193-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Most tumors with activating MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway alterations respond poorly to MEK inhibitors alone. Here, we evaluated combination therapy with MEK inhibitor selumetinib and MDM2 inhibitor KRT-232 in TP53 wild-type and MAPK altered colon and thyroid cancer models. In vitro, we showed synergy between selumetinib and KRT-232 on cell proliferation and colony formation assays. Immunoblotting confirmed p53 upregulation and MEK pathway inhibition. The combination was tested in vivo in seven patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models (five colorectal carcinoma and two papillary thyroid carcinoma models) with different KRAS, BRAF, and NRAS mutations. Combination therapy significantly prolonged event-free survival compared with monotherapy in six of seven models tested. Reverse-phase protein arrays and immunohistochemistry, respectively, demonstrated upregulation of the p53 pathway and in two models cleaved caspase 3 with combination therapy. In summary, combined inhibition of MEK and MDM2 upregulated p53 expression, inhibited MAPK signaling and demonstrated greater antitumor efficacy than single drug therapy in both in vitro and in vivo settings. These findings support further clinical testing of the MEK/MDM2 inhibitor combination in tumors of epithelial origin with MAPK pathway alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Pairawan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Argun Akcakanat
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Scott Kopetz
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Coya Tapia
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Epizyme Inc., Boston, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zheng
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Huiqin Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Min Jin Ha
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yasmeen Rizvi
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Vijaykumar Holla
- Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kurt W Evans
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Naifa Busaidy
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Bingliang Fang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jack A Roth
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ecaterina Ileana Dumbrava
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Funda Meric-Bernstam
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Holcombe Blvd, FC8.3044, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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12
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Zhang JQ, Liu J, Hu D, Song J, Zhu G, Ren H. Rapid and Simple Access to α-(Hetero)arylacetonitriles from Gem-Difluoroalkenes. Org Lett 2022; 24:786-790. [PMID: 34989584 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c04336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A scalable cyanation of gem-difluoroalkenes to (hetero)arylacetonitrile derivatives was developed. This strategy features mild reaction conditions, excellent yields, wide substrate scope, and broad functional group tolerance. Significantly, in this reaction, aqueous ammonia offers a "N" source for the "CN" reagent and entirely avoids the use of toxic cyanating reagents or metal catalysis. Hence, we provide a green and alternative method for the synthesis of arylacetonitriles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Qi Zhang
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jiayue Liu
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Dandan Hu
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jinyu Song
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Guorong Zhu
- Zhejiang Tianyu Pharmaceutical Co., Lddd., Jiangkou Development Zone, Huangyan 318020, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Hongjun Ren
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
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13
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Lundsten S, Berglund H, Jha P, Krona C, Hariri M, Nelander S, Lane DP, Nestor M. p53-Mediated Radiosensitization of 177Lu-DOTATATE in Neuroblastoma Tumor Spheroids. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1695. [PMID: 34827693 PMCID: PMC8615514 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
p53 is involved in DNA damage response and is an exciting target for radiosensitization in cancer. Targeted radionuclide therapy against somatostatin receptors with 177Lu-DOTATATE is currently being explored as a treatment for neuroblastoma. The aim of this study was to investigate the novel p53-stabilizing peptide VIP116 in neuroblastoma, both as monotherapy and together with 177Lu-DOTATATE. Five neuroblastoma cell lines, including two patient-derived xenograft (PDX) lines, were characterized in monolayer cultures. Four out of five were positive for 177Lu-DOTATATE uptake. IC50 values after VIP116 treatments correlated with p53 status, ranging between 2.8-238.2 μM. IMR-32 and PDX lines LU-NB-1 and LU-NB-2 were then cultured as multicellular tumor spheroids and treated with 177Lu-DOTATATE and/or VIP116. Spheroid growth was inhibited in all spheroid models for all treatment modalities. The most pronounced effects were observed for combination treatments, mediating synergistic effects in the IMR-32 model. VIP116 and combination treatment increased p53 levels with subsequent induction of p21, Bax and cleaved caspase 3. Combination treatment resulted in a 14-fold and 1.6-fold induction of MDM2 in LU-NB-2 and IMR-32 spheroids, respectively. This, together with differential MYCN signaling, may explain the varying degree of synergy. In conclusion, VIP116 inhibited neuroblastoma cell growth, potentiated 177Lu-DOTATATE treatment and could, therefore, be a feasible treatment option for neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Lundsten
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (S.L.); (H.B.); (P.J.); (C.K.); (M.H.); (S.N.); (D.P.L.)
| | - Hanna Berglund
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (S.L.); (H.B.); (P.J.); (C.K.); (M.H.); (S.N.); (D.P.L.)
| | - Preeti Jha
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (S.L.); (H.B.); (P.J.); (C.K.); (M.H.); (S.N.); (D.P.L.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Krona
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (S.L.); (H.B.); (P.J.); (C.K.); (M.H.); (S.N.); (D.P.L.)
| | - Mehran Hariri
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (S.L.); (H.B.); (P.J.); (C.K.); (M.H.); (S.N.); (D.P.L.)
| | - Sven Nelander
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (S.L.); (H.B.); (P.J.); (C.K.); (M.H.); (S.N.); (D.P.L.)
| | - David P. Lane
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (S.L.); (H.B.); (P.J.); (C.K.); (M.H.); (S.N.); (D.P.L.)
- p53Lab, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138648, Singapore
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Marika Nestor
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (S.L.); (H.B.); (P.J.); (C.K.); (M.H.); (S.N.); (D.P.L.)
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14
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Bazanov DR, Pervushin NV, Savin EV, Tsymliakov MD, Maksutova AI, Sosonyuk SE, Kopeina GS, Lozinskaya NA. Sulfonamide derivatives of cis-imidazolines as potent p53-MDM2/MDMX protein-protein interaction inhibitors. Med Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-021-02802-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Phase I study of daily and weekly regimens of the orally administered MDM2 antagonist idasanutlin in patients with advanced tumors. Invest New Drugs 2021; 39:1587-1597. [PMID: 34180037 PMCID: PMC8541972 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-021-01141-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Summary Aim The oral MDM2 antagonist idasanutlin inhibits the p53-MDM2 interaction, enabling p53 activation, tumor growth inhibition, and increased survival in xenograft models. Methods We conducted a Phase I study of idasanutlin (microprecipitate bulk powder formulation) to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, food effect, and clinical activity in patients with advanced malignancies. Schedules investigated were once weekly for 3 weeks (QW × 3), once daily for 3 days (QD × 3), or QD × 5 every 28 days. We also analyzed p53 activation and the anti-proliferative effects of idasanutlin. Results The dose-escalation phase included 85 patients (QW × 3, n = 36; QD × 3, n = 15; QD × 5, n = 34). Daily MTD was 3200 mg (QW × 3), 1000 mg (QD × 3), and 500 mg (QD × 5). Most common adverse events were diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, decreased appetite, and thrombocytopenia. Dose-limiting toxicities were nausea/vomiting and myelosuppression; myelosuppression was more frequent with QD dosing and associated with pharmacokinetic exposure. Idasanutlin exposure was approximately dose proportional at low doses, but less than dose proportional at > 600 mg. Although inter-patient variability in exposure was high with all regimens, cumulative idasanutlin exposure over the whole 28-day cycle was greatest with a QD × 5 regimen. No major food effect on pharmacokinetic exposure occurred. MIC-1 levels were higher with QD dosing, increasing in an exposure-dependent manner. Best response was stable disease in 30.6% of patients, prolonged (> 600 days) in 2 patients with sarcoma. Conclusions Idasanutlin demonstrated dose- and schedule-dependent p53 activation with durable disease stabilization in some patients. Based on these findings, the QD × 5 schedule was selected for further development. Trial registration NCT01462175 (ClinicalTrials.gov), October 31, 2011. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10637-021-01141-2.
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16
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Dalton KM, Krytska K, Lochmann TL, Sano R, Casey C, D'Aulerio A, Khan QA, Crowther GS, Coon C, Cai J, Jacob S, Kurupi R, Hu B, Dozmorov M, Greninger P, Souers AJ, Benes CH, Mossé YP, Faber AC. Venetoclax-based Rational Combinations are Effective in Models of MYCN-amplified Neuroblastoma. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:1400-1411. [PMID: 34088831 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Venetoclax is a small molecule inhibitor of the prosurvival protein BCL-2 that has gained market approval in BCL-2-dependent hematologic cancers including chronic lymphocytic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia. Neuroblastoma is a heterogenous pediatric cancer with a 5-year survival rate of less than 50% for high-risk patients, which includes nearly all cases with amplified MYCN We previously demonstrated that venetoclax is active in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma but has limited single-agent activity in most models, presumably the result of other pro-survival BCL-2 family protein expression or insufficient prodeath protein mobilization. As the relative tolerability of venetoclax makes it amenable to combining with other therapies, we evaluated the sensitivity of MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma models to rational combinations of venetoclax with agents that have both mechanistic complementarity and active clinical programs. First, the MDM2 inhibitor NVP-CGM097 increases the prodeath BH3-only protein NOXA to sensitize p53-wild-type, MYCN-amplified neuroblastomas to venetoclax. Second, the MCL-1 inhibitor S63845 sensitizes MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma through neutralization of MCL-1, inducing synergistic cell killing when combined with venetoclax. Finally, the standard-of-care drug cocktail cyclophosphamide and topotecan reduces the apoptotic threshold of neuroblastoma, thus setting the stage for robust combination efficacy with venetoclax. In all cases, these rational combinations translated to in vivo tumor regressions in MYCN-amplified patient-derived xenograft models. Venetoclax is currently being evaluated in pediatric patients in the clinic, including neuroblastoma (NCT03236857). Although establishment of safety is still ongoing, the data disclosed herein indicate rational and clinically actionable combination strategies that could potentiate the activity of venetoclax in patients with amplified MYCN with neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista M Dalton
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Kateryna Krytska
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Timothy L Lochmann
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Renata Sano
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Pharmacyclics, an Abbvie company, Sunnyvale, California
| | - Colleen Casey
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alessia D'Aulerio
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Qasim A Khan
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Giovanna Stein Crowther
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Colin Coon
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Jinyang Cai
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Sheeba Jacob
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Richard Kurupi
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Mikhail Dozmorov
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Patricia Greninger
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | | | - Cyril H Benes
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Yael P Mossé
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Anthony C Faber
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, VCU School of Dentistry and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.
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17
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Molecular Genetics in Neuroblastoma Prognosis. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8060456. [PMID: 34072462 PMCID: PMC8226597 DOI: 10.3390/children8060456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, much research has been carried out to identify the biological and genetic characteristics of the neuroblastoma (NB) tumor in order to precisely define the prognostic subgroups for improving treatment stratification. This review will describe the major genetic features and the recent scientific advances, focusing on their impact on diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic solutions in NB clinical management.
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18
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Vernooij L, Bate-Eya LT, Alles LK, Lee JY, Koopmans B, Jonus HC, Schubert NA, Schild L, Lelieveld D, Egan DA, Kerstjens M, Stam RW, Koster J, Goldsmith KC, Molenaar JJ, Dolman MEM. High-Throughput Screening Identifies Idasanutlin as a Resensitizing Drug for Venetoclax-Resistant Neuroblastoma Cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:1161-1172. [PMID: 33850004 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma tumors frequently overexpress the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 2 (BCL-2). We previously showed that treating BCL-2-dependent neuroblastoma cells with the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax results in apoptosis, but unfortunately partial therapy resistance is observed. The current study describes the identification of drugs capable of resensitizing venetoclax-resistant neuroblastoma cells to venetoclax. To examine these effects, venetoclax resistance was induced in BCL-2-dependent neuroblastoma cell lines KCNR and SJNB12 by continuous exposure to high venetoclax concentrations. Non-resistant and venetoclax-resistant neuroblastoma cell lines were exposed to a 209-compound library in the absence and presence of venetoclax to identify compounds that were more effective in the venetoclax-resistant cell lines under venetoclax pressure. Top hits were further validated in combination with venetoclax using BCL-2-dependent neuroblastoma model systems. Overall, high-throughput drug screening identified the MDM2 inhibitor idasanutlin as a promising resensitizing agent for venetoclax-resistant neuroblastoma cell lines. Idasanutlin treatment induced BAX-mediated apoptosis in venetoclax-resistant neuroblastoma cells in the presence of venetoclax, whereas it caused p21-mediated growth arrest in control cells. In vivo combination treatment showed tumor regression and superior efficacy over single-agent therapies in a BCL-2-dependent neuroblastoma cell line xenograft and a patient-derived xenograft. However, xenografts less dependent on BCL-2 were not sensitive to venetoclax-idasanutlin combination therapy. This study demonstrates that idasanutlin can overcome resistance to the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax in preclinical neuroblastoma model systems, which supports clinical development of a treatment strategy combining the two therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindy Vernooij
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Laurel T Bate-Eya
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Lindy K Alles
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jasmine Y Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center at the Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Bianca Koopmans
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hunter C Jonus
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center at the Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Nil A Schubert
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Linda Schild
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Daphne Lelieveld
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - David A Egan
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mark Kerstjens
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ronald W Stam
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Koster
- Department of Oncogenomics, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kelly C Goldsmith
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center at the Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jan J Molenaar
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - M Emmy M Dolman
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands. .,Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Center, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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19
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Pharmacological Activation of p53 during Human Monocyte to Macrophage Differentiation Attenuates Their Pro-Inflammatory Activation by TLR4, TLR7 and TLR8 Agonists. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13050958. [PMID: 33668835 PMCID: PMC7956237 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13050958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pharmacological activation of tumor suppressor p53 is a promising therapeutic strategy for a range of hematologic and solid cancers. Whether p53 activation augments or suppresses anti-tumor innate immunity is less understood. Here we show that treatment of differentiating human macrophages with a p53 activator idasanutlin suppresses their inflammatory responses to activators of toll-like receptors (TLR) -4 and -7/8. This is accompanied by reduced expression of TLR7, TLR8, as well as TLR4 co-receptor CD14. These data help evaluating the possibilities of combining p53-targeting and immunostimulatory anti-cancer therapies. Abstract The transcription factor p53 has well-recognized roles in regulating cell cycle, DNA damage repair, cell death, and metabolism. It is an important tumor suppressor and pharmacological activation of p53 by interrupting its interaction with the ubiquitin E3 ligase mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2) is actively explored for anti-tumor therapies. In immune cells, p53 modulates inflammatory responses, but the impact of p53 on macrophages remains incompletely understood. In this study, we used the MDM2 antagonist idasanutlin (RG7388) to investigate the responses of primary human macrophages to pharmacological p53 activation. Idasanutlin induced a robust p53-dependent transcriptional signature in macrophages, including several pro-apoptotic genes. However, idasanutlin did not generally sensitize macrophages to apoptosis, except for an enhanced response to a Fas-stimulating antibody. In fully differentiated macrophages, idasanutlin did not affect pro-inflammatory gene expression induced by toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), TLR3, and TLR7/8 agonists, but inhibited interleukin-4-induced macrophage polarization. However, when present during monocyte to macrophage differentiation, idasanutlin attenuated inflammatory responses towards activation of TLR4 and TLR7/8 by low doses of lipopolysaccharide or resiquimod (R848). This was accompanied by a reduced expression of CD14, TLR7, and TLR8 in macrophages differentiated in the presence of idasanutlin. Our data suggest anti-inflammatory effects of pharmacological p53 activation in differentiating human macrophages.
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20
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Xu Z, Wu W, Yan H, Hu Y, He Q, Luo P. Regulation of p53 stability as a therapeutic strategy for cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 185:114407. [PMID: 33421376 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor protein p53 participates in the control of key biological functions such as cell death, metabolic homeostasis and immune function, which are closely related to various diseases such as tumors, metabolic disorders, infection and neurodegeneration. The p53 gene is also mutated in approximately 50% of human cancer cells. Mutant p53 proteins escape from the ubiquitination-dependent degradation, gain oncogenic function and promote the carcinogenesis, malignant progression, metastasis and chemoresistance. Therefore, the stability of both wild type and mutant p53 needs to be precisely regulated to maintain normal functions and targeting the p53 stability is one of the therapeutic strategies against cancer. Here, we focus on compound-induced degradation of p53 by both the ubiquitination-dependent proteasome and autophagy-lysosome degradation pathways. We also review other posttranslational modifications which control the stability of p53 and the biological functions involved in these processes. This review provides the current theoretical basis for the regulation of p53 abundance and its possible applications in different diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifei Xu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Wentong Wu
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hao Yan
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuhuai Hu
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Peihua Luo
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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21
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Griffith JI, Rathi S, Zhang W, Zhang W, Drewes LR, Sarkaria JN, Elmquist WF. Addressing BBB Heterogeneity: A New Paradigm for Drug Delivery to Brain Tumors. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E1205. [PMID: 33322488 PMCID: PMC7763839 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12121205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective treatments for brain tumors remain one of the most urgent and unmet needs in modern oncology. This is due not only to the presence of the neurovascular unit/blood-brain barrier (NVU/BBB) but also to the heterogeneity of barrier alteration in the case of brain tumors, which results in what is referred to as the blood-tumor barrier (BTB). Herein, we discuss this heterogeneity, how it contributes to the failure of novel pharmaceutical treatment strategies, and why a "whole brain" approach to the treatment of brain tumors might be beneficial. We discuss various methods by which these obstacles might be overcome and assess how these strategies are progressing in the clinic. We believe that by approaching brain tumor treatment from this perspective, a new paradigm for drug delivery to brain tumors might be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica I. Griffith
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.R.); (W.Z.); (W.Z.)
| | - Sneha Rathi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.R.); (W.Z.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wenqiu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.R.); (W.Z.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.R.); (W.Z.); (W.Z.)
| | - Lester R. Drewes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School—Duluth, Duluth, MN 55812, USA;
| | - Jann N. Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA;
| | - William F. Elmquist
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (S.R.); (W.Z.); (W.Z.)
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22
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Targeting MDM2 for Neuroblastoma Therapy: In Vitro and In Vivo Anticancer Activity and Mechanism of Action. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123651. [PMID: 33291373 PMCID: PMC7762001 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Neuroblastoma is a malignant tumor of the sympathetic nervous system that causes aggressive disease in children. The overall survival rate of high-risk patients is very low, therefore developing effective and safe therapies for neuroblastoma is an urgent unmet medical need. The mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) homolog gene is amplified and overexpressed in neuroblastoma and contributes to the poor response to treatment and poor prognosis in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma. Therefore, targeting MDM2 provides a promising approach to neuroblastoma therapy, especially for advanced disease. In the present study, we tested a unique MDM2 inhibitor, SP141, for its therapeutic efficacy and safety in neuroblastoma tumor models. We found that SP141 has significant anti- neuroblastoma activity in cell culture and inhibits tumor growth in animal models of human neuroblastoma, without any noticeable host toxicity. These results provide the basis for targeting MDM2 to treat high-risk neuroblastoma. Abstract Background: Neuroblastoma is an aggressive pediatric solid tumor with an overall survival rate of <50% for patients with high-risk disease. The majority (>98%) of pathologically-diagnosed neuroblastomas have wild-type p53 with intact functional activity. However, the mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) homolog, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is overexpressed in neuroblastoma and leads to inhibition of p53. MDM2 also exerts p53-independent oncogenic functions. Thus, MDM2 seems to be an attractive target for the reactivation of p53 and attenuation of oncogenic activity in neuroblastoma. Methods: In this study, we evaluated the anticancer activities and underlying mechanisms of action of SP141, a first-in-class MDM2 inhibitor, in neuroblastoma cell lines with different p53 backgrounds. The findings were confirmed in mouse xenograft models of neuroblastoma. Results: We demonstrate that SP141 reduces neuroblastoma cell viability, induces apoptosis, arrests cells at the G2/M phase, and prevents cell migration, independent of p53. In addition, in neuroblastoma xenograft models, SP141 inhibited MDM2 expression and suppressed tumor growth without any host toxicity at the effective dose. Conclusions: MDM2 inhibition by SP141 results in the inhibition of neuroblastoma growth and metastasis, regardless of the p53 status of the cells and tumors. These findings provide proof-of-concept that SP141 represents a novel treatment option for both p53 wild-type and p53 null neuroblastoma.
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23
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Zafar A, Wang W, Liu G, Wang X, Xian W, McKeon F, Foster J, Zhou J, Zhang R. Molecular targeting therapies for neuroblastoma: Progress and challenges. Med Res Rev 2020; 41:961-1021. [PMID: 33155698 PMCID: PMC7906923 DOI: 10.1002/med.21750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to identify novel therapies for childhood cancers. Neuroblastoma is the most common pediatric solid tumor, and accounts for ~15% of childhood cancer‐related mortality. Neuroblastomas exhibit genetic, morphological and clinical heterogeneity, which limits the efficacy of existing treatment modalities. Gaining detailed knowledge of the molecular signatures and genetic variations involved in the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma is necessary to develop safer and more effective treatments for this devastating disease. Recent studies with advanced high‐throughput “omics” techniques have revealed numerous genetic/genomic alterations and dysfunctional pathways that drive the onset, growth, progression, and resistance of neuroblastoma to therapy. A variety of molecular signatures are being evaluated to better understand the disease, with many of them being used as targets to develop new treatments for neuroblastoma patients. In this review, we have summarized the contemporary understanding of the molecular pathways and genetic aberrations, such as those in MYCN, BIRC5, PHOX2B, and LIN28B, involved in the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma, and provide a comprehensive overview of the molecular targeted therapies under preclinical and clinical investigations, particularly those targeting ALK signaling, MDM2, PI3K/Akt/mTOR and RAS‐MAPK pathways, as well as epigenetic regulators. We also give insights on the use of combination therapies involving novel agents that target various pathways. Further, we discuss the future directions that would help identify novel targets and therapeutics and improve the currently available therapies, enhancing the treatment outcomes and survival of patients with neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif Zafar
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.,Drug Discovery Institute, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Chemical Biology Program, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Xinjie Wang
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wa Xian
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Stem Cell Center, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Frank McKeon
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Stem Cell Center, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jennifer Foster
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Section of Hematology-Oncology Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Chemical Biology Program, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Ruiwen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.,Drug Discovery Institute, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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24
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Targeting the p53-MDM2 pathway for neuroblastoma therapy: Rays of hope. Cancer Lett 2020; 496:16-29. [PMID: 33007410 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite being the subject of extensive research and clinical trials, neuroblastoma remains a major therapeutic challenge in pediatric oncology. The p53 protein is a central safeguard that protects cells against genome instability and malignant transformation. Mutated TP53 (the gene encoding p53) is implicated in many human cancers, but the majority of neuroblastomas have wild type p53 with intact transcriptional function. In fact, the TP53 mutation rate does not exceed 1-2% in neuroblastomas. However, overexpression of the murine double minute 2 (MDM2) gene in neuroblastoma is relatively common, and leads to inhibition of p53. It is also associated with other non-canonical p53-independent functions, including drug resistance and increased translation of MYCN and VEGF mRNA. The p53-MDM2 pathway in neuroblastoma is also modulated at several different molecular levels, including via interactions with other proteins (MYCN, p14ARF). In addition, the overexpression of MDM2 in tumors is linked to a poorer prognosis for cancer patients. Thus, restoring p53 function by inhibiting its interaction with MDM2 is a potential therapeutic strategy for neuroblastoma. A number of p53-MDM2 antagonists have been designed and studied for this purpose. This review summarizes the current understanding of p53 biology and the p53-dependent and -independent oncogenic functions of MDM2 in neuroblastoma, and also the regulation of the p53-MDM2 axis in neuroblastoma. This review also highlights the use of MDM2 as a molecular target for the disease, and describes the MDM2 inhibitors currently being investigated in preclinical and clinical studies. We also briefly explain the various strategies that have been used and future directions to take in the development of effective MDM2 inhibitors for neuroblastoma.
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25
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Zanjirband M, Rahgozar S. Targeting p53-MDM2 Interaction Using Small Molecule Inhibitors and the Challenges Needed to be Addressed. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 20:1091-1111. [PMID: 30947669 DOI: 10.2174/1389450120666190402120701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
MDM2 protein is the core negative regulator of p53 that maintains the cellular levels of p53 at a low level in normal cells. Mutation of the TP53 gene accounts for 50% of all human cancers. In the remaining malignancies with wild-type TP53, p53 function is inhibited through other mechanisms. Recently, synthetic small molecule inhibitors have been developed which target a small hydrophobic pocket on MDM2 to which p53 normally binds. Given that MDM2-p53 antagonists have been undergoing clinical trials for different types of cancer, this review illustrates different aspects of these new cancer targeted therapeutic agents with the focus on the major advances in the field. It emphasizes on the p53 function, regulation of p53, targeting of the p53-MDM2 interaction for cancer therapy, and p53-dependent and -independent effects of inhibition of p53-MDM2 interaction. Then, representatives of small molecule MDM2-p53 binding antagonists are introduced with a focus on those entered into clinical trials. Furthermore, the review discusses the gene signatures in order to predict sensitivity to MDM2 antagonists, potential side effects and the reasons for the observed hematotoxicity, mechanisms of resistance to these drugs, their evaluation as monotherapy or in combination with conventional chemotherapy or with other targeted therapeutic agents. Finally, it highlights the certainly intriguing questions and challenges which would be addressed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Zanjirband
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, Azadi Square, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Soheila Rahgozar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, Azadi Square, Isfahan, Iran
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26
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Schubert NA, Lowery CD, Bergthold G, Koster J, Eleveld TF, Rodríguez A, Jones DTW, Vassal G, Stancato LF, Pfister SM, Caron HN, Molenaar JJ. Systematic target actionability reviews of preclinical proof-of-concept papers to match targeted drugs to paediatric cancers. Eur J Cancer 2020; 130:168-181. [PMID: 32224415 PMCID: PMC7203547 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2020.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Children with cancer are in urgent need of new therapies, as approximately 25% of patients experience a relapse and 20% succumb to their disease. Moreover, the majority of survivors suffer from clinically relevant health problems. Repurposing of targeted agents developed for adult indications could provide novel therapeutic options for paediatric cancer patients. To prioritise targeted drugs for paediatric clinical development, we applied a systematic review methodology to develop a Target Actionability Review (TAR) strategy. These TARs assess the strength and completeness of published preclinical proof-of-concept (PoC) data by structured critical appraisal of and summarising the available scientific literature for a specific target (pathway) and the associated drugs in paediatric tumours. Methods A sensitive literature search in PubMed was performed and relevant papers were identified. For each paper, the individual experimental findings were extracted, marked for paediatric tumour type and categorised into nine separate PoC data modules. Each experimental finding was scored for experimental outcome and quality independently by two reviewers; discrepancies were assessed by a third reviewer and resolved by adjudication. Scores corresponding to one PoC module were merged for each tumour type and visualised in a heat map matrix in the publicly available R2 data portal [r2.amc.nl]. Results and conclusions To test our TAR methodology, we conducted a pilot study on MDM2 and TP53. The heat map generated from analysis of 161 publications provides a rationale to support drug development in specific paediatric solid and brain tumour types. Furthermore, our review highlights tumour types where preclinical data are incomplete or lacking and for which additional preclinical testing is advisable. A new strategy to review literature on targeted compounds in paediatric cancer. Results help to guide and prioritise clinical development of novel targeted agents. Outcomes are visualised in a publicly available, interactive heat map. We applied this unique methodology to MDM2 and TP53 and MDM2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nil A Schubert
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Jan Koster
- Department of Oncogenomics, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas F Eleveld
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - David T W Jones
- Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gilles Vassal
- Department of Clinical Research, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Stefan M Pfister
- Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Jan J Molenaar
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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27
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Chen K, Xin X, Qiu L, Li W, Guan G, Li G, Qiao M, Zhao X, Hu H, Chen D. Co-delivery of p53 and MDM2 inhibitor RG7388 using a hydroxyl terminal PAMAM dendrimer derivative for synergistic cancer therapy. Acta Biomater 2019; 100:118-131. [PMID: 31568878 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
P53 inactivation is often achieved through gene mutation and the excessive activity of its major negative regulator, murine double minute 2 protein (MDM2). In the present study we utilized a PAMAM-OH derivative (PAMSPF) to co-deliver p53 plasmid and MDM2 inhibitor (RG7388) to the tumor site and evaluated the synergistic anti-tumor effect of p53 plasmid and RG7388. PAMSPF was able to condense DNA and encapsulate RG7388 to form spherical nanoparticles (PAMSPF/p53/RG) with particle sizes of around 200 nm, and remain stable in the presence of heparin and nuclease. The drug loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency of RG7388 in PAMSPF/p53/RG were 0.5% and 92.5%, respectively. The p53 expressions in MDA-MB-435, p53-wild type MCF-7 cells (MCF-7/WT) and p53-silenced MCF-7 cells (MCF-7/S) treated with PAMSPF/p53/RG were promoted significantly. As a result, PAMSPF/p53/RG was able to inhibit cell proliferation, arrest cell cycle, and induce cell apoptosis of MDA-MB-435, MCF-7/WT and MCF-7/S cells. PAMSPF/p53/RG suppressed human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) migration, invasion and tube formation through decreasing the VEGF expression. And the biological activities described above of PAMSPF/p53/RG were significantly higher than those of PAMSPF/53 and PAMSPF/RG, exhibiting the synergistic actions of p53 plasmid and RG7388. In addition, intravenous administration of PAMPSF/p53/RG inhibited tumor growth of MDA-MB-435 and MCF-7/WT xenograft mice models, and induced no substantial weight loss. PAMSPF/p53/RG also reduced cell proliferation, and induced cell apoptosis in vivo based on the immunohistochemistry results. Collectively, PAMSPF/p53/RG is an excellent system for gene and drug co-delivery, and the combined treatment of p53 plasmid and RG7388 possesses a synergistic antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In the present study we utilized a PAMAM-OH derivative (PAMSPF) to co-deliver p53 plasmid and RG7388 (MDM2 inhibitor) and evaluated their synergistic anti-tumor effect. PAMSPF could condense p53 plasmid and encapsulate RG7388 to form nanoparticles (PAMSPF/p53/RG). The p53 expressions in MDA-MB-435, p53-wild type MCF-7 cells (MCF-7/WT) and p53-silenced MCF-7 cells (MCF-7/S) treated with PAMSPF/p53/RG were promoted significantly. As a result, PAMSPF/p53/RG could inhibit cell proliferation, arrest cell cycle, and induce cell apoptosis of three kinds of cells. In addition, intravenous administration of PAMPSF/p53/RG inhibited tumor growth of MDA-MB-435 and MCF-7/WT xenograft mice models. Collectively, PAMSPF/p53/RG is an excellent system for gene and drug co-delivery, and the combined treatment of p53 plasmid and RG7388 possesses a synergistic antitumor activity.
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28
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Natarajan U, Venkatesan T, Radhakrishnan V, Samuel S, Rasappan P, Rathinavelu A. Cell Cycle Arrest and Cytotoxic Effects of SAHA and RG7388 Mediated through p21 WAF1/CIP1 and p27 KIP1 in Cancer Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55020030. [PMID: 30700046 PMCID: PMC6409969 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55020030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Alterations in gene expressions are often due to epigenetic modifications that can have a significant influence on cancer development, growth, and progression. Lately, histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) such as suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA, or vorinostat, MK0683) have been emerging as a new class of drugs with promising therapeutic benefits in controlling cancer growth and metastasis. The small molecule RG7388 (idasanutlin, R05503781) is a newly developed inhibitor that is specific for an oncogene-derived protein called MDM2, which is also in clinical trials for the treatment of various types of cancers. These two drugs have shown the ability to induce p21 expression through distinct mechanisms in MCF-7 and LNCaP cells, which are reported to have wild-type TP53. Our understanding of the molecular mechanism whereby SAHA and RG7388 can induce cell cycle arrest and trigger cell death is still evolving. In this study, we performed experiments to measure the cell cycle arrest effects of SAHA and RG7388 using MCF-7 and LNCaP cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis/necroptosis effects of the SAHA and RG7388 treatments were assessed using the Trypan Blue dye exclusion (TBDE) method, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, fluorescence assay with DEVD-amc substrate, and immunoblotting methods. RESULTS The RG7388 treatment was able to induce cell death by elevating p21WAF1/CIP1 through inhibition of MDM2 in LNCaP, but not in MCF-7 cells, even though there was evidence of p53 elevation. Hence, we suspect that there is some level of uncoupling of p53-mediated transcriptional induction of p21WAF1/CIP1 in MCF-7 cells. CONCLUSION Our results from MCF-7 and LNCaP cells confirmed that SAHA and RG7388 treatments were able to induce cell death via a combination of cell cycle arrest and cytotoxic mechanisms. We speculate that our findings could lead to the development of newer treatments for breast and prostate cancers with drug combinations including HDACi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umamaheswari Natarajan
- Rumbaugh-Goodwin Institute for Cancer Research, Nova Southeastern University,Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA.
- VRR Institute of Biomedical Science, Kattupakkam, Chennai 600056, India.
| | - Thiagarajan Venkatesan
- Rumbaugh-Goodwin Institute for Cancer Research, Nova Southeastern University,Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA.
| | | | - Shila Samuel
- VRR Institute of Biomedical Science, Kattupakkam, Chennai 600056, India.
| | - Periannan Rasappan
- VRR Institute of Biomedical Science, Kattupakkam, Chennai 600056, India.
| | - Appu Rathinavelu
- Rumbaugh-Goodwin Institute for Cancer Research, Nova Southeastern University,Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA.
- College of Pharmacy, Health Professions Division, Nova Southeastern University,Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA.
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Chen L, Pastorino F, Berry P, Bonner J, Kirk C, Wood KM, Thomas HD, Zhao Y, Daga A, Veal GJ, Lunec J, Newell DR, Ponzoni M, Tweddle DA. Preclinical evaluation of the first intravenous small molecule MDM2 antagonist alone and in combination with temozolomide in neuroblastoma. Int J Cancer 2019; 144:3146-3159. [PMID: 30536898 PMCID: PMC6491995 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
High‐risk neuroblastoma, a predominantly TP53 wild‐type (wt) tumour, is incurable in >50% patients supporting the use of MDM2 antagonists as novel therapeutics. Idasanutlin (RG7388) shows in vitro synergy with chemotherapies used to treat neuroblastoma. This is the first study to evaluate the in vivo efficacy of the intravenous idasanutlin prodrug, RO6839921 (RG7775), both alone and in combination with temozolomide in TP53 wt orthotopic neuroblastoma models. Detection of active idasanutlin using liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry and p53 pathway activation by ELISA assays and Western analysis showed peak plasma levels 1 h post‐treatment with maximal p53 pathway activation 3–6 h post‐treatment. RO6839921 and temozolomide, alone or in combination in mice implanted with TP53 wt SHSY5Y‐Luc and NB1691‐Luc cells showed that combined RO6839921 and temozolomide led to greater tumour growth inhibition and increase in survival compared to vehicle control. Overall, RO6839921 had a favourable pharmacokinetic profile consistent with intermittent dosing and was well tolerated alone and in combination. These preclinical studies support the further development of idasanutlin in combination with temozolomide in neuroblastoma in early phase clinical trials. What's new? Long‐term survival of high‐risk neuroblastoma patients currently averages than 50%. New therapies that both improve survival and reduce treatment toxicity are urgently needed. MDM2 antagonists are a novel class of anti‐cancer agents that stabilize the p53 pathway and lead to tumour suppression. In this preclinical study, the authors tested a prodrug of the MDM2 inhibitor idasanutlin in mice. They found that this compound inhibited tumour growth and increased survival, especially in combination with temozolomide. These results support the further development of idasanutlin plus temozolomide in clinical trials for neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindi Chen
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Fabio Pastorino
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapy in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Philip Berry
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Bonner
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Calum Kirk
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Katrina M Wood
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Huw D Thomas
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Yan Zhao
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Daga
- Oncologia Cellulare, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gareth J Veal
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - John Lunec
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - David R Newell
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Mirco Ponzoni
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapy in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Deborah A Tweddle
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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30
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Hansen MJ, Feringa FM, Kobauri P, Szymanski W, Medema RH, Feringa BL. Photoactivation of MDM2 Inhibitors: Controlling Protein-Protein Interaction with Light. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:13136-13141. [PMID: 30284823 PMCID: PMC6194649 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b04870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Selectivity
remains a major challenge in anticancer therapy, which
potentially can be overcome by local activation of a cytotoxic drug.
Such triggered activation can be obtained through modification of
a drug with a photoremovable protecting group (PPG), and subsequent
irradiation in the chosen place and time. Herein, the design, synthesis
and biological evaluation is described of a photoactivatable MDM2
inhibitor, PPG-idasanutlin, which exerts no functional effect on cellular
outgrowth, but allows for the selective, noninvasive activation of
antitumor properties upon irradiation visible light, demonstrating
activation with micrometer, single cell precision. The generality
of this method has been demonstrated by growth inhibition of multiple
cancer cell lines showing p53 stabilization and subsequent growth
inhibition effects upon irradiation. Light activation to regulate
protein–protein interactions between MDM2 and p53 offers exciting
opportunities to control a multitude of biological processes and has
the potential to circumvent common selectivity issues in antitumor
drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickel J Hansen
- Centre for Systems Chemistry , Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Femke M Feringa
- Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Cell Biology , Plesmanlaan 121 , 1066 CX , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Piermichele Kobauri
- Centre for Systems Chemistry , Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Centre for Systems Chemistry , Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG , Groningen , The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology , University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , Hanzeplein 1 , 9713 GZ Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - René H Medema
- Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Cell Biology , Plesmanlaan 121 , 1066 CX , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Centre for Systems Chemistry , Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG , Groningen , The Netherlands
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31
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Berberich A, Kessler T, Thomé CM, Pusch S, Hielscher T, Sahm F, Oezen I, Schmitt LM, Ciprut S, Hucke N, Ruebmann P, Fischer M, Lemke D, Breckwoldt MO, von Deimling A, Bendszus M, Platten M, Wick W. Targeting Resistance against the MDM2 Inhibitor RG7388 in Glioblastoma Cells by the MEK Inhibitor Trametinib. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 25:253-265. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-1580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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32
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Kato S, Ross JS, Gay L, Dayyani F, Roszik J, Subbiah V, Kurzrock R. Analysis of MDM2 Amplification: Next-Generation Sequencing of Patients With Diverse Malignancies. JCO Precis Oncol 2018; 2018. [PMID: 30148248 PMCID: PMC6106866 DOI: 10.1200/po.17.00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose MDM2 amplification can promote tumorigenesis directly or indirectly through p53 inhibition. MDM2 has increasing clinical relevance because inhibitors are under evaluation in clinical trials, and MDM2 amplification is a possible genomic correlate of accelerated progression, known as hyperprogression, after anti–PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. We used next-generation sequencing (NGS) to ascertain MDM2 amplification status across a large number of diverse cancers. Methods We interrogated the molecular profiles of 102,878 patients with diverse malignancies for MDM2 amplification and co-altered genes using clinical-grade NGS (182 to 465 genes). Results MDM2 amplification occurred in 3.5% of patients (3,650 of 102,878). The majority of tumor types had a small subset of patients with MDM2 amplification. Most of these patients (99.0% [3,613/3,650]) had co-alterations that accompanied MDM2 amplification. Various pathways, including those related to tyrosine kinase (37.9% [1,385 of 3,650]), PI3K signaling (25.4% [926 of 3,650]), TP53 (24.9% [910 of 3,650]), and MAPK signaling (23.6% [863 of 3,650]), were involved. Although infrequent, mismatch repair genes and PD-L1 amplification also were co-altered (2.2% [79 of 3,650]). Most patients (97.6% [3,563 of 3,650]) had one or more co-alterations potentially targetable with either a Food and Drug Administration–approved or investigational agent. MDM2 amplifications were less frequently associated with high tumor mutation burden compared with the MDM2 wild-type population (2.9% v 6.5%; P < .001). An illustrative patient who harbored MDM2 amplification and experienced hyperprogression with an immune checkpoint inhibitor is presented. Conclusion MDM2 amplification was found in 3.5% of 102,878 patients, 97.6% of whom harbored genomic co-alterations that were potentially targetable. This study suggests that a small subset of most tumor types have MDM2 amplification as well as pharmacologically tractable co-alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumei Kato
- University of California, San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla
| | | | | | | | - Jason Roszik
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Vivek Subbiah
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Razelle Kurzrock
- University of California, San Diego, Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla
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33
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Fletcher JI, Ziegler DS, Trahair TN, Marshall GM, Haber M, Norris MD. Too many targets, not enough patients: rethinking neuroblastoma clinical trials. Nat Rev Cancer 2018; 18:389-400. [PMID: 29632319 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-018-0003-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a rare solid tumour of infancy and early childhood with a disproportionate contribution to paediatric cancer mortality and morbidity. Combination chemotherapy, radiation therapy and immunotherapy remains the standard approach to treat high-risk disease, with few recurrent, actionable genetic aberrations identified at diagnosis. However, recent studies indicate that actionable aberrations are far more common in relapsed neuroblastoma, possibly as a result of clonal expansion. In addition, although the major validated disease driver, MYCN, is not currently directly targetable, multiple promising approaches to target MYCN indirectly are in development. We propose that clinical trial design needs to be rethought in order to meet the challenge of providing rigorous, evidence-based assessment of these new approaches within a fairly small patient population and that experimental therapies need to be assessed at diagnosis in very-high-risk patients rather than in relapsed and refractory patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie I Fletcher
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - David S Ziegler
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Toby N Trahair
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Glenn M Marshall
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Murray D Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.
- University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.
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34
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Lu J, Guan S, Zhao Y, Yu Y, Wang Y, Shi Y, Mao X, Yang KL, Sun W, Xu X, Yi JS, Yang T, Yang J, Nuchtern JG. Novel MDM2 inhibitor SAR405838 (MI-773) induces p53-mediated apoptosis in neuroblastoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:82757-82769. [PMID: 27764791 PMCID: PMC5347730 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB), which accounts for about 15% of cancer-related mortality in children, is the most common childhood extracranial malignant tumor. In NB, somatic mutations of the tumor suppressor, p53, are exceedingly rare. Unlike in adult tumors, the majority of p53 downstream functions are still intact in NB cells with wild-type p53. Thus, restoring p53 function by blocking its interaction with p53 suppressors such as MDM2 is a viable therapeutic strategy for NB treatment. Herein, we show that MDM2 inhibitor SAR405838 is a potent therapeutic drug for NB. SAR405838 caused significantly decreased cell viability of p53 wild-type NB cells and induced p53-mediated apoptosis, as well as augmenting the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin (Dox). In an in vivo orthotopic NB mouse model, SAR405838 induced apoptosis in NB tumor cells. In summary, our data strongly suggest that MDM2-specific inhibitors like SAR405838 may serve not only as a stand-alone therapy, but also as an effective adjunct to current chemotherapeutic regimens for treating NB with an intact MDM2-p53 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxiong Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.,Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shan Guan
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yang Yu
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Division of Pediatric Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yonghua Shi
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Pathology, Basic Medicine College of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
| | - Xinfang Mao
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, China
| | - Kristine L Yang
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wenjing Sun
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Xin Xu
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Joanna S Yi
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tianshu Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jianhua Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.,Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jed G Nuchtern
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Division of Pediatric Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Pediatric Surgery, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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35
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Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common solid childhood tumor outside the brain and causes 15% of childhood cancer-related mortality. The main drivers of NB formation are neural crest cell-derived sympathoadrenal cells that undergo abnormal genetic arrangements. Moreover, NB is a complex disease that has high heterogeneity and is therefore difficult to target for successful therapy. Thus, a better understanding of NB development helps to improve treatment and increase the survival rate. One of the major causes of sporadic NB is known to be MYCN amplification and mutations in ALK (anaplastic lymphoma kinase) are responsible for familial NB. Many other genetic abnormalities can be found; however, they are not considered as driver mutations, rather they support tumor aggressiveness. Tumor cell elimination via cell death is widely accepted as a successful technique. Therefore, in this review, we provide a thorough overview of how different modes of cell death and treatment strategies, such as immunotherapy or spontaneous regression, are or can be applied for NB elimination. In addition, several currently used and innovative approaches and their suitability for clinical testing and usage will be discussed. Moreover, significant attention will be given to combined therapies that show more effective results with fewer side effects than drugs targeting only one specific protein or pathway.
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36
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Arnhold V, Schmelz K, Proba J, Winkler A, Wünschel J, Toedling J, Deubzer HE, Künkele A, Eggert A, Schulte JH, Hundsdoerfer P. Reactivating TP53 signaling by the novel MDM2 inhibitor DS-3032b as a therapeutic option for high-risk neuroblastoma. Oncotarget 2017; 9:2304-2319. [PMID: 29416773 PMCID: PMC5788641 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fewer than 50% of patients with high-risk neuroblastoma survive five years after diagnosis with current treatment protocols. Molecular targeted therapies are expected to improve survival. Although MDM2 has been validated as a promising target in preclinical models, no MDM2 inhibitors have yet entered clinical trials for neuroblastoma patients. Toxic side effects, poor bioavailability and low efficacy of the available MDM2 inhibitors that have entered phase I/II trials drive the development of novel MDM2 inhibitors with an improved risk-benefit profile. We investigated the effect of the novel MDM2 small molecular inhibitor, DS-3032b, on viability, proliferation, senescence, migration, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in a panel of six neuroblastoma cell lines with different TP53 and MYCN genetic backgrounds, and assessed efficacy in a murine subcutaneous model for high-risk neuroblastoma. Re-analysis of existing expression data from 476 primary neuroblastomas showed that high-level MDM2 expression correlated with poor patient survival. DS-3032b treatment enhanced TP53 target gene expression and induced G1 cell cycle arrest, senescence and apoptosis. CRISPR-mediated MDM2 knockout in neuroblastoma cells mimicked DS-3032b treatment. TP53 signaling was selectively activated by DS-3032b in neuroblastoma cells with wildtype TP53, regardless of the presence of MYCN amplification, but was significantly reduced by TP53 mutations or expression of a dominant-negative TP53 mutant. Oral DS-3032b administration inhibited xenograft tumor growth and prolonged mouse survival. Our in vitro and in vivo data demonstrate that DS-3032b reactivates TP53 signaling even in the presence of MYCN amplification in neuroblastoma cells, to reduce proliferative capacity and cause cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Arnhold
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplantation, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch 2, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karin Schmelz
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplantation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jutta Proba
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplantation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika Winkler
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplantation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jasmin Wünschel
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplantation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joern Toedling
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplantation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hedwig E Deubzer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplantation, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch 2, Berlin, Germany.,Neuroblastoma Research Group, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Künkele
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplantation, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch 2, Berlin, Germany
| | - Angelika Eggert
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplantation, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch 2, Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes H Schulte
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplantation, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch 2, Berlin, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Hundsdoerfer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplantation, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch 2, Berlin, Germany
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37
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Cassandri M, Smirnov A, Novelli F, Pitolli C, Agostini M, Malewicz M, Melino G, Raschellà G. Zinc-finger proteins in health and disease. Cell Death Discov 2017; 3:17071. [PMID: 29152378 PMCID: PMC5683310 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2017.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 421] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc-finger proteins (ZNFs) are one of the most abundant groups of proteins and have a wide range of molecular functions. Given the wide variety of zinc-finger domains, ZNFs are able to interact with DNA, RNA, PAR (poly-ADP-ribose) and other proteins. Thus, ZNFs are involved in the regulation of several cellular processes. In fact, ZNFs are implicated in transcriptional regulation, ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation, signal transduction, actin targeting, DNA repair, cell migration, and numerous other processes. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of the current state of knowledge of this class of proteins. Firstly, we describe the actual classification of ZNFs, their structure and functions. Secondly, we focus on the biological role of ZNFs in the development of organisms under normal physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Cassandri
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Artem Smirnov
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Flavia Novelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Consuelo Pitolli
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Agostini
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Michal Malewicz
- Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Leicester University, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome 00133, Italy.,Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Leicester University, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Giuseppe Raschellà
- ENEA Research Center Casaccia, Laboratory of Biosafety and Risk Assessment, Via Anguillarese, Rome, Italy
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38
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Giustiniano M, Daniele S, Pelliccia S, La Pietra V, Pietrobono D, Brancaccio D, Cosconati S, Messere A, Giuntini S, Cerofolini L, Fragai M, Luchinat C, Taliani S, La Regina G, Da Settimo F, Silvestri R, Martini C, Novellino E, Marinelli L. Computer-Aided Identification and Lead Optimization of Dual Murine Double Minute 2 and 4 Binders: Structure-Activity Relationship Studies and Pharmacological Activity. J Med Chem 2017; 60:8115-8130. [PMID: 28921985 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The function of p53 protein, also known as "genome guardian", might be impaired by the overexpression of its primary cellular inhibitor, the murine double minute 2 protein (MDM2). However, the recent finding that MDM2-selective inhibitors induce high levels of its homologue MDM4, prompt us to identify, through a receptor-based virtual screening on an in house database, dual MDM2/MDM4 binders. Compound 1 turned out to possess an IC50 of 93.7 and of 4.6 nM on MDM2 and MDM4, respectively. A series of compounds were synthesized to optimize its activity on MDM2. As a result, compound 12 showed low nanomolar IC50 for both targets. NMR studies confirmed the pocket of binding of 12 as predicted by the Glide docking software. Notably, 12 was able to cause concentration-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation, yielding an IC50 value of 356 ± 21 nM in neuroblastoma SHSY5Y cells and proved even to efficiently block cancer stem cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariateresa Giustiniano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II , Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Simona Daniele
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa , 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sveva Pelliccia
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II , Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Valeria La Pietra
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II , Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Diego Brancaccio
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II , Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Anna Messere
- DiSTABiF, Second University of Naples , 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Stefano Giuntini
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence , Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff″, University of Florence , Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Linda Cerofolini
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence , Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Marco Fragai
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence , Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff″, University of Florence , Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Claudio Luchinat
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence , Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff″, University of Florence , Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Sabrina Taliani
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa , 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe La Regina
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università La Sapienza , Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | | | - Romano Silvestri
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università La Sapienza , Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Claudia Martini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa , 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II , Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Luciana Marinelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II , Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
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39
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Teicher BA, Silvers T, Selby M, Delosh R, Laudeman J, Ogle C, Reinhart R, Parchment R, Krushkal J, Sonkin D, Rubinstein L, Morris J, Evans D. Small cell lung carcinoma cell line screen of etoposide/carboplatin plus a third agent. Cancer Med 2017; 6:1952-1964. [PMID: 28766886 PMCID: PMC5548882 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The SCLC combination screen examined a 9-point concentration response of 180 third agents, alone and in combination with etoposide/carboplatin. The predominant effect of adding a third agent to etoposide/carboplatin was additivity. Less than additive effects occurred frequently in SCLC lines sensitive to etoposide/carboplatin. In SCLC lines with little or no response to etoposide/carboplatin, greater than additive SCLC killing occurred over the entire spectrum of SCLC lines but never occurred in all SCLC lines. Exposing SCLC lines to tubulin-targeted agents (paclitaxel or vinorelbine) simultaneously with etoposide/carboplatin resulted primarily in less than additive cell killing. As single agents, nuclear kinase inhibitors including Aurora kinase inhibitors, Kinesin Spindle Protein/EG5 inhibitors, and Polo-like kinase-1 inhibitors were potent cytotoxic agents in SCLC lines; however, simultaneous exposure of the SCLC lines to these agents along with etoposide/carboplatin, generally, resulted in less than additive cell killing. Several classes of agents enhanced the cytotoxicity of etoposide/carboplatin toward the SCLC lines. Exposure of the SCLC lines to the MDM2 inhibitor JNJ-27291199 produced enhanced killing in 80% of the SCLC lines. Chk-1 inhibitors such as rabusertib increased the cytotoxicity of etoposide/carboplatin to the SCLC lines in an additive to greater than additive manner. The combination of GSK-3β inhibitor LY-2090314 with etoposide/carboplatin increased killing in approximately 40% of the SCLC lines. Exposure to the BET bromodomain inhibitor MK-8628 increased the SCLC cell killing by etoposide/carboplatin in 20-25% of the SCLC lines. Only 10-15% of the SCLC lines had an increased response to etoposide/carboplatin when simultaneously exposed to the PARP inhibitor talazoparib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beverly A. Teicher
- Developmental Therapeutics ProgramDivision of Cancer Treatment and DiagnosisNational Cancer InstituteBethesdaMaryland20892
| | - Thomas Silvers
- Molecular Pharmacology GroupLeidos Biomedical Research, Inc.Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer ResearchFrederickMaryland21702
| | - Michael Selby
- Molecular Pharmacology GroupLeidos Biomedical Research, Inc.Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer ResearchFrederickMaryland21702
| | - Rene Delosh
- Molecular Pharmacology GroupLeidos Biomedical Research, Inc.Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer ResearchFrederickMaryland21702
| | - Julie Laudeman
- Molecular Pharmacology GroupLeidos Biomedical Research, Inc.Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer ResearchFrederickMaryland21702
| | - Chad Ogle
- Molecular Pharmacology GroupLeidos Biomedical Research, Inc.Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer ResearchFrederickMaryland21702
| | - Russell Reinhart
- Molecular Pharmacology GroupLeidos Biomedical Research, Inc.Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer ResearchFrederickMaryland21702
| | - Ralph Parchment
- Molecular Pharmacology GroupLeidos Biomedical Research, Inc.Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer ResearchFrederickMaryland21702
| | - Julia Krushkal
- Biometric Research ProgramDivision of Cancer Treatment and DiagnosisBethesdaMaryland20892
| | - Dmitriy Sonkin
- Biometric Research ProgramDivision of Cancer Treatment and DiagnosisBethesdaMaryland20892
| | - Larry Rubinstein
- Biometric Research ProgramDivision of Cancer Treatment and DiagnosisBethesdaMaryland20892
| | - Joel Morris
- Developmental Therapeutics ProgramDivision of Cancer Treatment and DiagnosisNational Cancer InstituteBethesdaMaryland20892
| | - David Evans
- Molecular Pharmacology GroupLeidos Biomedical Research, Inc.Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer ResearchFrederickMaryland21702
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40
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Van Goethem A, Yigit N, Moreno-Smith M, Vasudevan SA, Barbieri E, Speleman F, Shohet J, Vandesompele J, Van Maerken T. Dual targeting of MDM2 and BCL2 as a therapeutic strategy in neuroblastoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:57047-57057. [PMID: 28915653 PMCID: PMC5593624 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Wild-type p53 tumor suppressor activity in neuroblastoma tumors is hampered by increased MDM2 activity, making selective MDM2 antagonists an attractive therapeutic strategy for this childhood malignancy. Since monotherapy in cancer is generally not providing long-lasting clinical responses, we here aimed to identify small molecule drugs that synergize with idasanutlin (RG7388). To this purpose we evaluated 15 targeted drugs in combination with idasanutlin in three p53 wild type neuroblastoma cell lines and identified the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax (ABT-199) as a promising interaction partner. The venetoclax/idasanutlin combination was consistently found to be highly synergistic in a diverse panel of neuroblastoma cell lines, including cells with high MCL1 expression levels. A more pronounced induction of apoptosis was found to underlie the synergistic interaction, as evidenced by caspase-3/7 and cleaved PARP measurements. Mice carrying orthotopic xenografts of neuroblastoma cells treated with both idasanutlin and venetoclax had drastically lower tumor weights than mice treated with either treatment alone. In conclusion, these data strongly support the further evaluation of dual BCL2/MDM2 targeting as a therapeutic strategy in neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Van Goethem
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nurten Yigit
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Myrthala Moreno-Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sanjeev A Vasudevan
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Eveline Barbieri
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Frank Speleman
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jason Shohet
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jo Vandesompele
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Bioinformatics Institute Ghent (BIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Van Maerken
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent (CMGG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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41
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Singhal SS, Nagaprashantha L, Singhal P, Singhal S, Singhal J, Awasthi S, Horne D. RLIP76 Inhibition: A Promising Developmental Therapy for Neuroblastoma. Pharm Res 2017; 34:1673-1682. [PMID: 28386633 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2154-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Refractory and relapsed neuroblastoma (NB) present with significant challenges in clinical management. Though primary NBs largely with wild-type p53 respond well to interventions, dysfunctional signaling in the p53 pathways in a MYCN oncogene driven background is found in a number of children with NB. The p53-mutant NB is largely unresponsive to available therapies and p53-independent targeted therapeutics represents a vital need in pediatric oncology. We analyzed the findings on mercapturic acid pathway (MAP) transporter RLIP76, which has broad and critical effects on multiple pathways as essential for carcinogenesis, oxidative stress and drug-resistance, is over-expressed in NB. RLIP76 inhibition by antibodies or depletion by antisense causes apoptosis and sensitization to chemo-radiotherapy in many cancers. In addition, recent studies indicate that the interactions between p53, MYCN, and WNT regulate apoptosis resistance and protein ubiquitination. RLIP76 and p53 interact with each other and colocalize in NB cells. Targeted depletion/inhibition of RLIP76 causes apoptosis and tumor regression in NB irrespective of p53 status. In the present review, we discuss the mechanisms and the role of RLIP76 in oxidative stress, drug-resistance and clathrin-dependent endocytosis (CDE), and analyze the molecular basis for the role of RLIP76 targeted approaches in the context principal drivers of NB pathogenesis, progression and drug-resistance. The evidence from RLIP76 studies in other cancers, when taken in the context of our recent RLIP76 focused mechanistic studies in NB, provides strong basis for further characterization and development of RLIP76 targeted therapies for NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharad S Singhal
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, 91010, USA.
| | - Lokesh Nagaprashantha
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, 91010, USA
| | - Preeti Singhal
- University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas, 78229, USA
| | - Sulabh Singhal
- University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92092, USA
| | - Jyotsana Singhal
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, 91010, USA
| | - Sanjay Awasthi
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, 79430, USA
| | - David Horne
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, 91010, USA
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42
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Nguyen D, Liao W, Zeng SX, Lu H. Reviving the guardian of the genome: Small molecule activators of p53. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 178:92-108. [PMID: 28351719 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 is one of the most important proteins for protection of genomic stability and cancer prevention. Cancers often inactivate it by either mutating its gene or disabling its function. Thus, activating p53 becomes an attractive approach for the development of molecule-based anti-cancer therapy. The past decade and half have witnessed tremendous progress in this area. This essay offers readers with a grand review on this progress with updated information about small molecule activators of p53 either still at bench work or in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, LA 70012, United States
| | - Wenjuan Liao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, LA 70012, United States
| | - Shelya X Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, LA 70012, United States
| | - Hua Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, LA 70012, United States.
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43
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Neuroblastoma cells depend on HDAC11 for mitotic cell cycle progression and survival. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2635. [PMID: 28252645 PMCID: PMC5386552 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The number of long-term survivors of high-risk neuroblastoma remains discouraging, with 10-year survival as low as 20%, despite decades of considerable international efforts to improve outcome. Major obstacles remain and include managing resistance to induction therapy, which causes tumor progression and early death in high-risk patients, and managing chemotherapy-resistant relapses, which can occur years after the initial diagnosis. Identifying and validating novel therapeutic targets is essential to improve treatment. Delineating and deciphering specific functions of single histone deacetylases in neuroblastoma may support development of targeted acetylome-modifying therapeutics for patients with molecularly defined high-risk neuroblastoma profiles. We show here that HDAC11 depletion in MYCN-driven neuroblastoma cell lines strongly induces cell death, mostly mediated by apoptotic programs. Genes necessary for mitotic cell cycle progression and cell division were most prominently enriched in at least two of three time points in whole-genome expression data combined from two cell systems, and all nine genes in these functional categories were strongly repressed, including CENPA, KIF14, KIF23 and RACGAP1. Enforced expression of one selected candidate, RACGAP1, partially rescued the induction of apoptosis caused by HDAC11 depletion. High-level expression of all nine genes in primary neuroblastomas significantly correlated with unfavorable overall and event-free survival in patients, suggesting a role in mediating the more aggressive biological and clinical phenotype of these tumors. Our study identified a group of cell cycle-promoting genes regulated by HDAC11, being both predictors of unfavorable patient outcome and essential for tumor cell viability. The data indicate a significant role of HDAC11 for mitotic cell cycle progression and survival of MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cells, and suggests that HDAC11 could be a valuable drug target.
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44
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Tan BX, Liew HP, Chua JS, Ghadessy FJ, Tan YS, Lane DP, Coffill CR. Anatomy of Mdm2 and Mdm4 in evolution. J Mol Cell Biol 2017; 9:3-15. [PMID: 28077607 PMCID: PMC6372010 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjx002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mouse double minute (Mdm) genes span an evolutionary timeframe from the ancient eukaryotic placozoa Trichoplax adhaerens to Homo sapiens, implying a significant and possibly conserved cellular role throughout history. Maintenance of DNA integrity and response to DNA damage involve many key regulatory pathways, including precise control over the tumour suppressor protein p53. In most vertebrates, degradation of p53 through proteasomal targeting is primarily mediated by heterodimers of Mdm2 and the Mdm2-related protein Mdm4 (also known as MdmX). Both Mdm2 and Mdm4 have p53-binding regions, acidic domains, zinc fingers, and C-terminal RING domains that are conserved throughout evolution. Vertebrates typically have both Mdm2 and Mdm4 genes, while analyses of sequenced genomes of invertebrate species have identified single Mdm genes, suggesting that a duplication event occurred prior to emergence of jawless vertebrates about 550-440 million years ago. The functional relationship between Mdm and p53 in T. adhaerens, an organism that has existed for 1 billion years, implies that these two proteins have evolved together to maintain a conserved and regulated function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ban Xiong Tan
- p53 Laboratory, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos #06-06, Singapore138648, Singapore
| | - Hoe Peng Liew
- p53 Laboratory, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos #06-06, Singapore138648, Singapore
| | - Joy S. Chua
- p53 Laboratory, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos #06-06, Singapore138648, Singapore
| | - Farid J. Ghadessy
- p53 Laboratory, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos #06-06, Singapore138648, Singapore
| | - Yaw Sing Tan
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis St, #07-01,Singapore138671, Singapore
| | - David P. Lane
- p53 Laboratory, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos #06-06, Singapore138648, Singapore
| | - Cynthia R. Coffill
- p53 Laboratory, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos #06-06, Singapore138648, Singapore
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45
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Xie C, Wu B, Chen B, Shi Q, Guo J, Fan Z, Huang Y. Histone deacetylase inhibitor sodium butyrate suppresses proliferation and promotes apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells by regulation of the MDM2-p53 signaling. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:4005-13. [PMID: 27445491 PMCID: PMC4938147 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s105418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitors have been reported to induce tumor cell growth arrest, differentiation, and apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of one histone deacetylase inhibitor - sodium butyrate (SB) - on osteosarcoma (OS) cell proliferation and apoptosis and also the molecular mechanisms by which SB exerts regulatory effects on OS cells. U2OS and MG63 cells were treated with SB at various concentrations. Then, cell proliferation and apoptosis were determined by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and flow cytometry assays, respectively; the expression of Ki67, Bax, Bcl-2, MDM2, and p53 proteins was determined by using Western blot assay. The results showed that SB suppressed proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner and promoted apoptosis of OS cells. In addition, SB enhanced p53 expression and decreased MDM2 expression, indicating that SB can regulate MDM2-p53 feedback loop. p53 inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis, whereas MDM2 promoted proliferation and suppressed apoptosis, which indicated that functional effect of SB on OS cell lines at least in part depended on the MDM2-p53 signaling. We also explored the effect of SB on OS cells in vivo and found that SB suppressed the growth of OS cells with no noticeable effect on activity and body weight of mice in vivo. These findings will offer new clues for OS development and progression and offer SB as a potent targeted agent for OS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuhai Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Boyi Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Binwei Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qunwei Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziwen Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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46
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Tortorella P, Laghezza A, Durante M, Gomez-Monterrey I, Bertamino A, Campiglia P, Loiodice F, Daniele S, Martini C, Agamennone M. An Effective Virtual Screening Protocol To Identify Promising p53–MDM2 Inhibitors. J Chem Inf Model 2016; 56:1216-27. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.5b00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Tortorella
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università “A. Moro” Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Laghezza
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università “A. Moro” Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Milena Durante
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Isabel Gomez-Monterrey
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università “Federico II” Napoli, Via
D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessia Bertamino
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Pietro Campiglia
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Fulvio Loiodice
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università “A. Moro” Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Simona Daniele
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Martini
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Mariangela Agamennone
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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