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Trends and hotspots for European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry: A bibliometric study. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 247:115041. [PMID: 36566715 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.115041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (EJMC) has been around for a long time and has gained broad interest from the various individuals working in the field. However, there is no bibliometric analysis on the publications of EJMC to thoroughly assess the scientific output and current status systematically. Therefore, the study was conducted to analyze the various publications of EJMC from 1987 to 2022 to improve their quality. A total of 13,386 papers were retrieved, with the number of publications increasing yearly. Based on the multiple indicators of bibliometrics, the highest impact countries, institutions, authors and representative literature were identified, and visualization networks were constructed using VOSviewer. Keyword co-occurrence analysis reveals a gradual shift from phenotypic drug discovery to target-based drug discovery in the EJMC theme change. Moreover, further discussion of the keyword clustering results is provided to support researchers in defining the scope of their research topics and planning their research directions. At this stage, there is a greater focus on developing antitumor and oxidative stress-related drugs than on the earlier anti-infective activities. In future studies, the main research directions are tumor multidrug resistance, oxidative stress, and dual inhibitors.
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Jung YY, Um JY, Sethi G, Ahn KS. Fangchinoline abrogates growth and survival of hepatocellular carcinoma by negative regulation of c-met/HGF and its associated downstream signaling pathways. Phytother Res 2022; 36:4542-4557. [PMID: 35867025 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Among all cancers, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a lethal disease with limited treatment options. In this study, we have analyzed the possible inhibitory effects of Fangchinoline (FCN) on c-Met, a protein known to regulate the rapid phosphorylation of downstream signals, as well as mediate aberrant growth, metastasis, survival, and motility in cancer. FCN inhibited the activation of c-Met and its downstream signals PI3K, AKT, mTOR, MEK, and ERK under in vitro settings. Moreover, c-Met gene silencing lead to suppression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MEK/ERK signaling pathways, and induced apoptotic cell death upon exposure to FCN. In addition, FCN markedly inhibited the expression of the various oncogenic proteins such as Bcl-2/xl, survivin, IAP-1/2, cyclin D1, and COX-2. In vivo studies in HepG2 cells xenograft mouse model showed that FCN could significantly attenuate the tumor volume and weight, without affecting significant loss in the body weight. Similar to in vitro studies, expression level of c-Met and PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MEK/ERK signals was also suppressed by FCN in the tissues obtained from mice. Therefore, the novel findings of this study suggest that FCN can potentially function as a potent anticancer agent against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Yun Jung
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Young Um
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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3
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Huang TT, Chen CM, Lan YW, Lin SS, Choo KB, Chong KY. Blockade of c-Met-Mediated Signaling Pathways by E7050 Suppresses Growth and Promotes Apoptosis in Multidrug-Resistant Human Uterine Sarcoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314884. [PMID: 36499211 PMCID: PMC9740914 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
E7050 is a potent inhibitor of c-Met receptor tyrosine kinase and has potential for cancer therapy. However, the underlying molecular mechanism involved in the anti-cancer property of E7050 has not been fully elucidated. The main objective of this study was to investigate the anti-tumor activity of E7050 in multidrug-resistant human uterine sarcoma MES-SA/Dx5 cells in vitro and in vivo, and to define its mechanisms. Our results revealed that E7050 reduced cell viability of MES-SA/Dx5 cells, which was associated with the induction of apoptosis and S phase cell cycle arrest. Additionally, E7050 treatment significantly upregulated the expression of Bax, cleaved PARP, cleaved caspase-3, p21, p53 and cyclin D1, while it downregulated the expression of survivin and cyclin A. On the other hand, the mechanistic study demonstrated that E7050 inhibited the phosphorylation of c-Met, Src, Akt and p38 in HGF-stimulated MES-SA/Dx5 cells. Further in vivo experiments showed that treatment of athymic nude mice carrying MES-SA/Dx5 xenograft tumors with E7050 remarkably suppressed tumor growth. E7050 treatment also decreased the expression of Ki-67 and p-Met, and increased the expression of cleaved caspase-3 in MES-SA/Dx5 tumor sections. Therefore, E7050 is a promising drug that can be developed for the treatment of multidrug-resistant uterine sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Teng Huang
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Mu Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center and the Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Wei Lan
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, The Perinatal Institute of Cincinnati Children’s Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Song-Shu Lin
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Hyperbaric Oxygen Medical Research Lab, Bone and Joint Research Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Kong-Bung Choo
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kowit-Yu Chong
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Hyperbaric Oxygen Medical Research Lab, Bone and Joint Research Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung City 20401, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2211-8393
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To KKW, Cho WCS. Mesenchymal Epithelial Transition Factor (MET): A Key Player in Chemotherapy Resistance and an Emerging Target for Potentiating Cancer Immunotherapy. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2022; 22:269-285. [PMID: 35255791 DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666220307105107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The MET protein is a cell surface receptor tyrosine kinase predominately expressed in epithelial cells. Upon binding of its only known ligand, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), MET homodimerizes, phosphorylates, and stimulates intracellular signalling to drive cell proliferation. Amplification or hyperactivation of MET is frequently observed in various cancer types and it is associated with poor response to conventional and targeted chemotherapy. More recently, emerging evidence also suggests that MET/HGF signalling may play an immunosuppressive role and it could confer resistance to cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we summarized the preclinical and clinical evidence of MET's role in drug resistance to conventional chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Previous clinical trials investigating MET-targeted therapy in unselected or MET-overexpressing cancers yielded mostly unfavourable results. More recent clinical studies focusing on MET exon 14 alterations and MET amplification have produced encouraging treatment responses to MET inhibitor therapy. The translational relevance of MET inhibitor therapy to overcome drug resistance in cancer patients is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth K W To
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - William C S Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Zhu Y, Zhang H, Han X, Wang Z, Cui Y, Tian R, Wang Z, Han B, Tian J, Zhang F, Niu R. STAT3 mediated upregulation of C-MET signaling acts as a compensatory survival mechanism upon EGFR family inhibition in chemoresistant breast cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2021; 519:328-342. [PMID: 34348188 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy remains the most common treatment for all types of breast cancer. Chemoresistance in tumors is still a major obstacle for treating late-stage breast cancer. In the process of acquiring resistance, tumor cells dynamically evolve to adapt to the challenge of anti-cancer drugs. Besides the upregulation of drug-pumps, signal pathways related to proliferation and survival undergo adaptive evolution. Thus, these drug-resistant cells are more conducive to proliferation, even in stressful conditions. Nevertheless, the detailed mechanism that drives cancer cells to sustain their proliferation ability is unclear. Herein, we reported that the upregulated C-MET signaling acts as a compensatory mechanism that sustains the proliferation of chemoresistant cells in which EGFR family signaling was attenuated. Both C-MET and EGFR family are essential for cell proliferation due to their activation of the STAT3 signaling. Different from other cell models in which C-MET interacts with and phosphorylates EGFR family members, our cell model showed no direct interaction between C-MET and EGFR family members. Therefore, C-MET and EGFR family signaling pathways function independently to sustain the proliferation of resistant cells. Moreover, chemoresistant cells have evolved a novel, STAT3-C-MET feed-forward loop that plays a vital role in sustaining cell proliferation. The activated STAT3 interacts with the MET gene promoter to upregulate its transcription. Most importantly, the combined inhibition of C-MET and EGFR family synergistically inhibits the proliferation of drug-resistant cells in vitro and in xenograft tumor models. This work provides a new strategy for treating drug-resistant breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Zhu
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - He Zhang
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Xingxing Han
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yanfen Cui
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Ran Tian
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Zhaosong Wang
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Baoai Han
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Jianfei Tian
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Ruifang Niu
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.
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Huang CH, Chong KY, Lei KF. Analysis of the Internal Hypoxic Environment in Solid Tumor Tissue Using a Folding Paper System. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:33885-33893. [PMID: 34259499 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c08857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a nonphysiological oxygen tension which is common in most malignant tumors. Hypoxia stimulates complicated cell signaling networks in cancer cells, e.g., the HIF, PI3K, MAPK, and NFκB pathways. Then, cells release a number of cytokines such as VEGFA to promote the growth of peripheral blood vessels and lead to metastasis. In the current work, understanding of the internal hypoxic environment in solid tumor tissue was attempted by developing a folding paper system. A paper-based solid tumor was constructed by folding a filter paper cultured with cancer cells. The cellular response in each layer could be analyzed by disassembling the folded paper after the culture course. The result showed that an internal hypoxic environment was successfully reproduced in the paper-based solid tumor. The cells in the inner layer expressed high levels of HIF1-α and VEGFA. Hence, proliferation and migration of endothelial cells were shown to be induced by the cells located in the internal hypoxic environment. Moreover, the paper-based solid tumor was transplanted into nude mice for the study of hypoxic response and angiogenesis. The crosstalk between internal and external parts of solid tumor tissue could be analyzed by sectioning each layer of the paper-based solid tumor. This approach provides a favorable analytical method for the discovery of the interaction between cancer cells, hypoxia, and peripheral angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hao Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Kowit-Yu Chong
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Hyperbaric Oxygen Medical Research Lab, Bone and Joint Research Center, and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan
| | - Kin Fong Lei
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 333, Taiwan
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Abstract
Chemotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment in the majority of solid and haematological malignancies. Resistance to cytotoxic chemotherapy is a major clinical problem and substantial research is ongoing into potential methods of overcoming this resistance. One major target, the receptor tyrosine kinase MET, has generated increasing interest with multiple clinical trials in progress. Overexpression of MET is frequently observed in a range of different cancers and is associated with poor prognosis. Studies have shown that MET promotes resistance to targeted therapies, including those targeting EGFR, BRAF and MEK. More recently, several reports suggest that MET also contributes to cytotoxic chemotherapy resistance. Here we review the preclinical evidence of MET's role in chemotherapy resistance, the mechanisms by which this resistance is mediated and the translational relevance of MET inhibitor therapy for patients with chemotherapy resistant disease.
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8
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Anti-neoplastic Effect of Ginkgolide C through Modulating c-Met Phosphorylation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218303. [PMID: 33167504 PMCID: PMC7664003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ginkgolide C (GGC) derived from Ginkgo biloba, has been reported to exhibit various biological functions. However, the anti-neoplastic effect of GGC and its mechanisms in liver cancer have not been studied previously. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-mesenchymal-epithelial transition receptor (c-Met) pathway can regulate tumor growth and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-neoplastic effect of GGC against HCC cells and we observed that GGC inhibited HGF-induced c-Met and c-Met downstream oncogenic pathways, such as PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MEK/ERK. In addition, GGC also suppressed the proliferation of expression of diverse tumorigenic proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Survivin, IAP-1, IAP-2, Cyclin D1, and COX-2) and induced apoptosis. Interestingly, the silencing of c-Met by small interfering RNA (siRNA) mitigated c-Met expression and enhanced GGC-induced apoptosis. Moreover, it was noted that GGC also significantly reduced the invasion and migration of HCC cells. Overall, the data clearly demonstrate that GGC exerts its anti-neoplastic activity through modulating c-Met phosphorylation and may be used as an effective therapy against HCC.
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Qiu W, Chang Y, Liu J, Yang X, Yu Y, Li J, Liang Q, Sun G. Identification of P-Rex1 in the Regulation of Liver Cancer Cell Proliferation and Migration via HGF/c-Met/Akt Pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:9481-9495. [PMID: 33061433 PMCID: PMC7522411 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s265592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rho-GTPases and their activators, guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), are increasingly being recognized as essential mediators of oncogenic signaling. Although it is known that P-Rex1, a member of the Dbl family of GEFs for the Rac small GTPase, contributes to the migration of cancer cells, its exact role in liver cancer and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Materials and Methods Public datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO) and clinical liver cancer samples were analyzed to explore the expression of P-Rex1. P-Rex1 knockdown and overexpression cell lines were established using a recombinant lentiviral transfection system. BrdU and colony formation assays were performed to determine cell viability. Migratory capacity was analyzed using a transwell migration assay and an in vitro wound-healing assay. Nude mice bearing subcutaneous xenograft tumors were established to determine the effects of P-Rex1 on tumorigenesis in vivo. The role of P-Rex1 in hepatocarcinogenesis was determined through Western blot and co-immunoprecipitation. Results Induced expression of endogenous P-Rex1 was identified in liver cancer tumors when compared with adjacent nonmalignant tissues from clinical data. In response to HGF treatment, P-Rex1-knockdown cells displayed reduced proliferation and migration in vitro as well as reduced xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Overexpression of P-Rex1 promoted liver cancer cell proliferation and migration. P-Rex1 primarily acts as a downstream effector of GPCR signaling. This study demonstrated that downregulation of P-Rex1 led to a significant decrease in the phosphorylation of Akt and Erk1/2 by reducing the phosphorylation of the tyrosine kinase receptor c-Met. Furthermore, a physical association between P-Rex1 and c-Met was observed after HGF treatment, suggesting that P-Rex1 may be involved in the HGF/c-Met signaling pathway. Conclusion These results support the role of P-Rex1 as a novel player in liver cancer, which suggest that targeting P-Rex1 may provide a potential strategy for liver cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wancheng Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Chang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangchun Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Zahra R, Furqan M, Ullah R, Mithani A, Saleem RSZ, Faisal A. A cell-based high-throughput screen identifies inhibitors that overcome P-glycoprotein (Pgp)-mediated multidrug resistance. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233993. [PMID: 32484843 PMCID: PMC7266297 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) to chemotherapeutic drugs remains one of the major impediments to the treatment of cancer. Discovery and development of drugs that can prevent and reverse the acquisition of multidrug resistance constitute a foremost challenge in cancer therapeutics. In this work, we screened a library of 1,127 compounds with known targets for their ability to overcome Pgp-mediated multidrug resistance in cancer cell lines. We identified four compounds (CHIR-124, Elesclomol, Tyrphostin-9 and Brefeldin A) that inhibited the growth of two pairs of parental and Pgp-overexpressing multidrug-resistant cell lines with similar potency irrespective of their Pgp status. Mechanistically, CHIR-124 (a potent inhibitor of Chk1 kinase) inhibited Pgp activity in both multidrug-resistant cell lines (KB-V1 and A2780-Pac-Res) as determined through cell-based Pgp-efflux assays. Other three inhibitors on the contrary, were effective in Pgp-overexpressing resistant cells without increasing the cellular accumulation of a Pgp substrate, indicating that they overcome resistance by avoiding efflux through Pgp. None of these compounds modulated the expression of Pgp in resistant cell lines. PIK-75, a PI3 Kinase inhibitor, was also determined to inhibit Pgp activity, despite being equally potent in only one of the two pairs of resistant and parental cell lines. Strong binding of both CHIR-124 and PIK-75 to Pgp was predicted through docking studies and both compounds inhibited Pgp in a biochemical assay. The inhibition of Pgp causes accumulation of these compounds in the cells where they can modulate the function of their target proteins and thereby inhibit cell proliferation. In conclusion, we have identified compounds with various cellular targets that overcome multidrug resistance in Pgp-overexpressing cell lines through mechanisms that include Pgp inhibition and efflux evasion. These compounds, therefore, can avoid challenges associated with the co-administration of Pgp inhibitors with chemotherapeutic or targeted drugs such as additive toxicities and differing pharmacokinetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rida Zahra
- Department of Biology, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Furqan
- Department of Biology, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rahim Ullah
- Department of Biology, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aziz Mithani
- Department of Biology, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rahman Shah Zaib Saleem
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amir Faisal
- Department of Biology, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
- * E-mail:
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Xia X, Wang Q, Ye T, Liu Y, Liu D, Song S, Zheng C. NRF2/ABCB1-mediated efflux and PARP1-mediated dampening of DNA damage contribute to doxorubicin resistance in chronic hypoxic HepG2 cells. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2019; 34:41-50. [PMID: 31420991 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE)-induced hypoxia can trigger residual liver cancer cells to present a more aggressive phenotype associated with chemoresistance, but the underlying mechanisms are still unknown. In this study, the human liver cancer cell line HepG2 was pre-cultured in different oxygen environments to examine the possible mechanisms of hypoxia-induced doxorubicin resistance. Our study showed that HepG2 cells pre-cultured in a chronic intermittent hypoxic environment exhibited significant resistance to doxorubicin, evidenced by increased intracellular doxorubicin efflux, relatively higher cell proliferation, lower apoptosis, and decreased DNA damage. These changes were accompanied by high levels of NRF2 and ABCB1 under conditions of both chronic and acute hypoxia and PARP1 gene expression only under conditions of chronic hypoxia. SiRNA-mediated silencing of NRF2 gene expression downregulated the expression of ABCB1 and increased the intracellular doxorubicin accumulation and cell apoptosis both in acute and chronic hypoxic HepG2 cells. Moreover, silencing of PARP1 gene expression increased the doxorubicin-induced DNA damage and cell apoptosis in chronic hypoxic cells. On the basis of these findings, we concluded that NRF2/ABCB1-mediated efflux and PARP1-mediated DNA repair contribute to doxorubicin resistance in chronic hypoxic HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangwen Xia
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Tianhe Ye
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Dehan Liu
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Songlin Song
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Chuansheng Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
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12
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Chen C, Yang D, Zeng Q, Luo L, Cai C. PF-2341066 combined with celecoxib promotes apoptosis and inhibits proliferation in human cholangiocarcinoma QBC939 cells. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:4543-4549. [PMID: 29725387 PMCID: PMC5920157 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a malignant tumor with high incidence and an average age of onset of 50-70 years old. However, at present there is no effective treatment for this disease. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a c-Met inhibitor, PF-2341066 and a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, celecoxib, on c-Met and COX-2 expression, proliferation and apoptosis. The results demonstrated that c-Met and COX-2 are highly expressed in hepatobiliary calculus with cholangiocarcinoma. PF-2341066 was able to downregulate the expression of c-Met and COX-2 in a dose-dependent manner at the mRNA and protein levels in human cholangiocarcinoma QBC939 cells. Furthermore, combined treatment with PF-2341066 with celecoxib downregulated the mRNA expression of both genes, inhibited cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis. It was also demonstrated that PF-2341066 and celecoxib treatment was able to restrict the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The results of the present study suggest that PF-2341066 and celecoxib may inhibit the development of cholangiocarcinoma by downregulating the expression of c-Met and COX-2 to inhibit cell proliferation, promote apoptosis and prevent VEGF-mediated tumor angiogenesis. Co-treatment with PF-2341066 and celecoxib may be a potential therapeutic strategy for hepatobiliary calculus with cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410002, P.R. China
| | - Dinghua Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Qinghua Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410002, P.R. China
| | - Liang Luo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410002, P.R. China
| | - Chengzhi Cai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410002, P.R. China
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Shu Y, Xie B, Liang Z, Chen J. Quercetin reverses the doxorubicin resistance of prostate cancer cells by downregulating the expression of c-met. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:2252-2258. [PMID: 29434932 PMCID: PMC5777119 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is an irreplaceable treatment for prostate cancer. However, the acquisition of chemoresistance is a common and critical problem that requires urgent solutions for the effective treatment of this disease. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the combination of quercetin with doxorubicin reversed the resistance of prostate cancer cells to doxorubicin-based therapy. A prostate cancer (PC)3 cell line (PC3/R) with acquired doxorubicin-resistance was established. A significant drug-resistance to doxorubicin and high activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase-B (PI3K/AKT) pathway in PC3/R cells, compared with normal PC3 cells, was demonstrated. Notably, combination treatment of doxorubicin with quercetin significantly promoted the doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in PC3/R cells through the mitochondrial/reaction oxygen species pathway. In PC3/R cells, a significant upregulation of tyrosine-protein kinase-met (c-met) was observed compared with nromal PC3 cells. However, the response to quercetin treatment in PC3/R cells inhibited c-met expression and the downstream PI3K/AKT pathway. In addition, induced expression of c-met rescued quercetin-promoted apoptosis in PC3/R cells treated with doxorubicin. The results of the present study indicated that quercetin is able to reverse prostate cancer cell doxorubicin resistance by downregulating the expression of c-met. It may represent a potential strategy for reversing the chemoresistance of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Shu
- Department of Urology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Bo Xie
- Department of Urology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Liang
- Department of Urology Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Urology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, P.R. China
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14
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Delou JMDA, Vignal GM, Índio-do-Brasil V, Accioly MTDS, da Silva TSL, Piranda DN, Sobral-Leite M, de Carvalho MA, Capella MAM, Vianna-Jorge R. Loss of constitutive ABCB1 expression in breast cancer associated with worse prognosis. BREAST CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2017; 9:415-428. [PMID: 28670140 PMCID: PMC5479298 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s131284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
ABCB1 gene encodes an adenosine 5′-triphosphate–binding cassette transporter, which not only confers multidrug resistance phenotype in malignant cells, but is also present in several nonmalignant tissues. For the last thirty years, ABCB1 expression in breast cancer has been described by many authors, but the extent of expression differs among the studies, and there is no consensus regarding its potential role in carcinogenesis or in the tumor response to antineoplastic drugs. This study aimed to characterize the expression of ABCB1 in breast tumors as a function of genetic, clinical, and histopathological variables. The ABCB1 expression was also evaluated in nonmalignant mammary tissues adjacent to tumors and in benign lesions. The detection of ABCB1 protein was performed by immunohistochemistry in tissue specimens of excised breasts obtained from a prospective cohort of Brazilian women with breast cancer. The association of ABCB1 protein levels with ABCB1 mRNA, gene polymorphisms, and clinical and histopathological variables was also evaluated. The Kaplan–Meier curves and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted to identify independent predictors of disease-free survival of patients with breast cancer. ABCB1 was detected in 86.3% (656) of breast tumors, 98.8% (606) of nonmalignant mammary tissue adjacent to tumors, and 100% (28) of benign lesions. Reduced ABCB1 protein levels in breast tumors was associated with triple-negative subtype (adjusted odds ratio [ORadj] =0.24; 95% confidence interval [CI] =0.13–0.45), lymph node status < pN2 (ORadj =0.27; 95% CI =0.10–0.71), tumor size >2 cm (ORadj =0.55; 95% CI =0.32–0.93), and hypertensive status (ORadj =0.42; 95% CI =0.24–0.73), and it was significantly associated with shorter disease-free survival, either for all breast cancer patients (p log-rank =0.012; hazard ratio [HR] =3.46; 95% CI =1.21–9.91) or for those with triple-negative tumors (p log-rank =0.007; HR =11.41; 95% CI =1.29–100.67). The loss of constitutive ABCB1 expression in breast cancer, especially in triple-negative tumors, seems to indicate a subgroup of worse prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Marcos de Azevedo Delou
- Programa de Bioquímica e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.,Programa de Farmacologia, Coordenação de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
| | | | - Vanessa Índio-do-Brasil
- Programa de Farmacologia, Coordenação de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer.,Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública - FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Diogo Nascimento Piranda
- Programa de Farmacologia, Coordenação de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
| | - Marcelo Sobral-Leite
- Programa de Farmacologia, Coordenação de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer.,Department of Molecular Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcelo Alex de Carvalho
- Programa de Farmacologia, Coordenação de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer.,Instituto Federal do Rio de Janeiro
| | - Márcia Alves Marques Capella
- Programa de Bioquímica e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.,Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rosane Vianna-Jorge
- Programa de Farmacologia, Coordenação de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.,Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública - FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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15
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Chang PY, Huang Y, Hung TY, Chong KY, Chang YS, Chao CCK, Chow KPN. Spontaneous metastases in immunocompetent mice harboring a primary tumor driven by oncogene latent membrane protein 1 from Epstein-Barr virus. Biomed J 2016; 39:261-271. [PMID: 27793268 PMCID: PMC6139811 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In vitro and clinical studies suggest that the oncogene LMP1 (latent membrane protein 1) encoded by Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) plays a role in the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and the formation of metastases in immunocompetent individuals. However, whether LMP1 itself is sufficient to drive these events in immunocompetent hosts remains elusive due to the lack of appropriate experimental models. The aim of this study was to study LMP1-dependent tumorigenesis and metastasis in BALB/c mice inoculated with BALB/c-3T3 cells expressing N-LMP1 (a Taiwanese NPC variant). Methods Following cancer cell inoculation, metastasis formation was monitored over time using PCR analysis of LMP1 as tumor marker. We also used a luciferase (Luc)-containing N-LMP1 and bioluminescent imaging (BLI) to monitor metastasis formation in a non-invasive manner. Results N-LMP1 appeared early in draining lymph nodes and in various distant organs before the rapid growth of the primary tumor. Lung metastasis was observed by BLI and further confirmed by histological examination. Furthermore, we detected luciferase signals in the lungs, even before the animals were sacrificed. Conclusions Our results demonstrate the high metastatic character of N-LMP1 in immunocompetent hosts. Systemic tumor dissemination occurs even before aggressive tumor growth at the primary site, suggesting that early treatment of primary LMP1-associated tumors and distant micro-metastases is critical to achieve positive results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu-Yuan Chang
- Tumor Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yenlin Huang
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yuan Hung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kowit-Yu Chong
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sun Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Molecular Medical Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chuck C-K Chao
- Tumor Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Kai-Ping N Chow
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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