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Hui Y, Yang Y, Li D, Wang J, Di M, Zhang S, Wang S. LncRNA FEZF1-AS1 Modulates Cancer Stem Cell Properties of Human Gastric Cancer Through miR-363-3p/HMGA2. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720925059. [PMID: 32638620 PMCID: PMC7563941 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720925059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death with poor prognosis. Growing evidence has shown that long noncoding ribonucleic acid (lncRNA) FEZ family zinc finger 1 antisense RNA 1(FEZF1-AS1), an "oncogene," regulates tumor progression and supports cancer stem cell. However, the tumorigenic mechanism of FEZF1-AS1 on gastric cancer stem cell (GCSC) is yet to be investigated. Here, we discovered that FEZF1-AS1 was upregulated in GC tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of FEZF1-AS1 inhibited sphere formation and decreased expression of stem factors and markers. Moreover, FEZF1-AS1 silence also suppressed cell proliferation, viability, invasion, and migration of GCSCs. MiR-363-3p is used as a target of FEZF1-AS1, because its expression was suppressed by FEZF1-AS1 in GCSCs. FEZF1-AS1 could sponge miR-363-3p and increased the expression of high-mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2). The expression of FEZF1-AS1 and miR-363-3p, as well as that of miR-363-3p and HMGA2, was negatively correlated in GC tissues. Finally, FEZF1-AS1 contributed to promotion of GCSCs progression partially through inhibition of miR-363-3p. Subcutaneous xenotransplanted tumor model revealed that silence of FEZF1-AS1 suppressed in vivo tumorigenic ability of GSCS via downregulation of HMGA2. In general, our findings clarified the critical regulatory role of FEZF1-AS1/miR-363-3p/HMGA2 axis in GCSC progression, providing a potential therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjian Hui
- Department of General Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City, China.,* Both the authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City, China.,* Both the authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Deping Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Vasculocardiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City, China
| | - Maojun Di
- Department of General Surgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City, China
| | - Shichao Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City, China
| | - Shasha Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City, China
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Retraction Note: MALAT2-activated long noncoding RNA indicates a biomarker of poor prognosis in gastric cancer. Cancer Gene Ther 2020; 27:514. [PMID: 32467594 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-020-0177-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
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Xu Y, Zhang G, Zou C, Qi W, Gong Z, Zhang G, Ma G, Zhang W, Jiang P. Long non-coding RNA LINC01225 promotes proliferation, invasion and migration of gastric cancer via Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:7581-7591. [PMID: 31460694 PMCID: PMC6815774 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence has classified the aberrant expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as a basic signature of various malignancies including gastric cancer (GC). LINC01225 has been shown to act as a hepatocellular carcinoma-related gene, with its expression pattern and biological function not clarified in GC. Here, we verified that LINC01225 was up-regulated in tumour tissues and plasma of GC. Analysis with clinicopathological information suggested that up-regulation of LINC01225 was associated with advanced disease and poorer overall survival. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that plasma LINC01225 had a moderate accuracy for diagnosis of GC. In addition, knockdown of LINC01225 led to retardation of cell proliferation, invasion and migration, and overexpression of LINC01225 showed the opposite effects. Mechanistic investigations showed that LINC01225 silencing inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and attenuated Wnt/β-catenin signalling of GC. Furthermore, ectopic expression of Wnt1 or suppression of GSK-3β abolished the si-LINC01225-mediated suppression against EMT, thereby promoting cell proliferation, invasion and migration of GC. In conclusion, LINC01225 promotes the progression of GC through Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway, and it may serve as a potential target or strategy for diagnosis or treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- Department of Laboratory Center, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Chen Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Weidong Qi
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhigang Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Gui Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Pengcheng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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LncRNAs with miRNAs in regulation of gastric, liver, and colorectal cancers: updates in recent years. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:4649-4677. [PMID: 31062053 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09837-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is a kind of RNAi molecule composed of hundreds to thousands of nucleotides. There are several major types of functional lncRNAs which participate in some important cellular pathways. LncRNA-RNA interaction controls mRNA translation and degradation or serves as a microRNA (miRNA) sponge for silencing. LncRNA-protein interaction regulates protein activity in transcriptional activation and silencing. LncRNA guide, decoy, and scaffold regulate transcription regulators of enhancer or repressor region of the coding genes for alteration of expression. LncRNA plays a role in cellular responses including the following activities: regulation of chromatin structural modification and gene expression for epigenetic and cell function control, promotion of hematopoiesis and maturation of immunity, cell programming in stem cell and somatic cell development, modulation of pathogen infection, switching glycolysis and lipid metabolism, and initiation of autoimmune diseases. LncRNA, together with miRNA, are considered the critical elements in cancer development. It has been demonstrated that tumorigenesis could be driven by homeostatic imbalance of lncRNA/miRNA/cancer regulatory factors resulting in biochemical and physiological alterations inside the cells. Cancer-driven lncRNAs with other cellular RNAs, epigenetic modulators, or protein effectors may change gene expression level and affect the viability, immortality, and motility of the cells that facilitate cancer cell cycle rearrangement, angiogenesis, proliferation, and metastasis. Molecular medicine will be the future trend for development. LncRNA/miRNA could be one of the potential candidates in this category. Continuous studies in lncRNA functional discrepancy between cancer cells and normal cells and regional and rational genetic differences of lncRNA profiles are critical for clinical research which is beneficial for clinical practice.
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Ma MH, An JX, Zhang C, Liu J, Liang Y, Zhang CD, Zhang Z, Dai DQ. ZEB1-AS1 initiates a miRNA-mediated ceRNA network to facilitate gastric cancer progression. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:27. [PMID: 30774556 PMCID: PMC6364449 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0742-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, cancer-related competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks are attracting significant interest. As long noncoding RNA ZEB1-AS1 has been reported to function as an oncogene due to sponging microRNAs (miRNAs) in several cancers, we hypothesized that it could interact with specific miRNAs to form regulatory networks and facilitate the growth of gastric cancer (GC). Methods MiRNAs interacting with ZEB1-AS1 were screened for and selected by bioinformatics analysis. Overexpression or repression of ZEB1-AS1 was performed to determine whether it could regulate selected miRNAs. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions (qPCR) validated the expression profiles of ZEB1-AS1 and miR-149-3p in GC cell lines and tissue. Statistical analysis determined the clinical significance of ZEB1-AS1 in relation to miR-149-3p. Cell counting, wound healing and transwell assays were performed to assess cell proliferation, migration and invasion. A luciferase reporter assay was utilized to confirm the putative miR-149-3p-binding sites in ZEB1-AS1. Results Briefly, bioinformatics analysis inferred that ZEB1-AS1 interacts with miR-204, miR-610, and miR-149. Gain- or loss-of function assays suggested that ZEB1-AS1 negatively regulates miR-149-3p, miR-204-5p and miR-610 in GC cells. Validated by qPCR, ZEB1-AS1 was up-regulated and miR-149-3p down-regulated in GC cells and tissue. Data analyses indicated that ZEB1-AS1 and miR-149-3p are associated with the independent diagnosis and prognosis of GC. Functional assays support the theory that miR-149-3p hinders GC proliferation, migration and invasion, whereas its overexpression abrogates the corresponding effects induced by ZEB1-AS1. Lastly, dissection of the molecular mechanisms involved indicated that ZEB1-AS1 can regulate GC partly via a ZEB1-AS1/miR-149-3p axis. Conclusions ZEB1-AS1 can interact with specific miRNAs, forming a miRNA-mediated ceRNA network and promoting GC progress, partly through a ZEB1-AS1/miR-149-3p axis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12935-019-0742-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hui Ma
- 1Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032 China
| | - Jia-Xiang An
- 1Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032 China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- 1Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032 China
| | - Jie Liu
- 2Science Experiment Center, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122 China
| | - Yu Liang
- 1Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032 China
| | - Chun-Dong Zhang
- 1Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032 China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- 1Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032 China
| | - Dong-Qiu Dai
- 1Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032 China
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Gao S, Zhao ZY, Wu R, Zhang Y, Zhang ZY. Prognostic value of long noncoding RNAs in gastric cancer: a meta-analysis. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:4877-4891. [PMID: 30147339 PMCID: PMC6098423 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s169823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the last few years, accumulating evidence has indicated that numerous long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are abnormally expressed in gastric cancer (GC) and are associated with the survival of GC patients. This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis on 19 lncRNAs (AFAP1 antisense RNA 1 [AFAP1-AS1], CDKN2B antisense RNA 1 [ANRIL], cancer susceptibility 15 [CASC15], colon cancer associated transcript 2 [CCAT2], gastric adenocarcinoma associated, positive CD44 regulator, long intergenic noncoding RNA [GAPLINC], H19, imprinted maternally expressed transcript [H19], HOX transcript antisense RNA [HOTAIR], HOXA distal transcript antisense RNA [HOTTIP], long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 673 [LINC00673], metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 [MALAT1], maternally expressed 3 [MEG3], promoter of CDKN1A antisense DNA damage activated RNA [PANDAR], Pvt1 oncogene [PVT1], SOX2 overlapping transcript [Sox2ot], SPRY4 intronic transcript 1 [SPRY4-IT1], urothelial cancer associated 1 [UCA1], X inactive specific transcript [XIST], ZEB1 antisense RNA 1 [ZEB1-AS1] and ZNFX1 antisense RNA 1 [ZFAS1]) to systematically estimate their prognostic value in GC. Methods The qualified literature was systematically searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (up to March 16, 2018), and one meta-analysis relating to the relationship between lncRNA expression and overall survival (OS) of GC patients was performed. The only evaluation criterion of survival results was OS. Results A total of 6,095 GC patients and 19 lncRNAs from 51 articles were included in the present study. Among the listed 19 lncRNAs, 18 lncRNAs (other than SPRY4-IT1) showed a significantly prognostic value (P<0.05). Conclusion This meta-analysis suggested that the abnormally expressed lncRNAs (AFAP1-AS1, ANRIL, CASC15, CCAT2, GAPLINC, H19, HOTAIR, HOTTIP, LINC00673, MALAT1, MEG3, PANDAR, PVT1, Sox2ot, UCA1, XIST, ZEB1-AS1 and ZFAS1) were significantly associated with the survival of GC patients, among which AFAP1-AS1, CCAT2, LINC00673, PANDAR, PVT1, Sox2ot, ZEB1-AS1 and ZFAS1 were strong candidates in predicting the prognosis of GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Gao
- The Second Department of Clinical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China,
| | - Zhi-Ying Zhao
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Wu
- The Second Department of Clinical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yue Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China,
| | - Zhen-Yong Zhang
- The Second Department of Clinical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China,
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Zhang Y, Liu H, Li W, Yu J, Li J, Shen Z, Ye G, Qi X, Li G. CircRNA_100269 is downregulated in gastric cancer and suppresses tumor cell growth by targeting miR-630. Aging (Albany NY) 2018; 9:1585-1594. [PMID: 28657541 PMCID: PMC5509457 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although CircRNA_100269 is a biomarker used to predict cancer recurrence, its expression and function in gastric cancer (GC) remain unknown. In this study, the expression of circRNA_100269 and its potential downstream miRNA targets were investigated. The molecular function and regulatory mechanism of circRNA_100269 in GC cell lines were also elucidated. The expression levels of circRNA_100269 and its linear isomer LPHN2 mRNA were found to be downregulated (p<0.01) in GC tissues. The target miRNA was predicted to be miR-630, whose expression was upregulated (p<0.01) and found to be negatively correlated with that of circRNA_100269 (r = −0.688) in GC tissues. Moreover, direct interaction of circRNA_100269 and miR-630 was confirmed through dual-luciferase assays. Overexpressing the circRNA_100269 plasmid inhibited cell proliferation (p<0.05). Furthermore, transfection of miR-630 mimics into cell lines overexpressing circRNA_100269 blocked the function of circRNA_100269 (p<0.05). Thus, circRNA_100269 level was downregulated in GC and correlated negatively with that of miR-630. Taken together, our results suggest that circRNA_100269 and miR-630 comprise a novel pathway that regulates proliferation of GC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wende Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Laboratory Animal, Guangdong Laboratory Animal Monitoring Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gentai Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Qi
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoxin Li
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Guangzhou, China
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Drak Alsibai K, Meseure D. Tumor microenvironment and noncoding RNAs as co-drivers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer metastasis. Dev Dyn 2017; 247:405-431. [PMID: 28691356 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reciprocal interactions between cancer cells and tumor microenvironment (TME) are crucial events in tumor progression and metastasis. Pervasive stromal reprogramming of TME modifies numerous cellular functions, including extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness, inflammation, and immunity. These environmental factors allow selection of more aggressive cells that develop adaptive strategies associating plasticity and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), stem-like phenotype, invasion, immunosuppression, and resistance to therapies. EMT is a morphomolecular process that endows epithelial tumor cells with mesenchymal properties, including reduced adhesion and increased motility. Numerous studies have demonstrated involvement of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as miRNAs and lncRNAs, in tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. NcRNAs regulate every hallmark of cancer and have now emerged as new players in induction and regulation of EMT. The reciprocal regulatory interactions between ncRNAs, TME components, and cancer cells increase the complexity of gene expression and protein translation in cancer. Thus, deeper understanding of molecular mechanisms controlling EMT will not only shed light on metastatic processes of cancer cells, but enhance development of new therapies targeting metastasis. In this review, we will provide recent findings on the role of known ncRNAs relevant to EMT and cancer metastasis and discuss the role of the interaction between ncRNAs and TME as co-drivers of EMT. Developmental Dynamics 247:405-431, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Didier Meseure
- Platform of Investigative Pathology, Curie Institute, Paris, France.,Department of Pathology, Curie Institute, Paris, France
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9
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Molecular mechanisms of long noncoding RNAs on gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 7:8601-12. [PMID: 26788991 PMCID: PMC4890990 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-protein coding transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides. Aberrant expression of lncRNAs has been found associated with gastric cancer, one of the most malignant tumors. By complementary base pairing with mRNAs or forming complexes with RNA binding proteins (RBPs), some lncRNAs including GHET1, MALAT1, and TINCR may mediate mRNA stability and splicing. Other lncRNAs, such as BC032469, GAPLINC, and HOTAIR, participate in the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. Under certain circumstances, ANRIL, GACAT3, H19, MEG3, and TUSC7 exhibit their biological roles by associating with microRNAs (miRNAs). By recruiting histone-modifying complexes, ANRIL, FENDRR, H19, HOTAIR, MALAT1, and PVT1 may inhibit the transcription of target genes in cis or trans. Through these mechanisms, lncRNAs form RNA-dsDNA triplex. CCAT1, GAPLINC, GAS5, H19, MEG3, and TUSC7 play oncogenic or tumor suppressor roles by correlated with tumor suppressor P53 or onco-protein c-Myc, respectively. In conclusion, interaction with DNA, RNA and proteins is involved in lncRNAs' participation in gastric tumorigenesis and development.
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10
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Expression of NUAK2 in gastric cancer tissue and its effects on the proliferation of gastric cancer cells. Exp Ther Med 2016; 13:676-680. [PMID: 28352350 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to analyze the expression and effects of NUAK2 in gastric cancer and adjacent normal gastric tissues. The protein expression levels of NUAK2 were detected by western blot analysis. The effects of NUAK2 expression on the proliferation of gastric cancer cells was detected using an MTT and BrdU incorporation assay. Furthermore, the effects of NUAK2 on proliferation and cancer stem cell markers, both protein and microRNA (miRNA), were investigated by western blot analysis and miRNA microarrays, respectively. The results demonstrated that NUAK2 was able to significantly promote the proliferation of SGC-7901 gastric cancer cells. In addition, NUAK2 overexpression decreased the percentage of cells in the G1 phase and increased the percentage of cells in the S phase. Western blot analysis and miRNA microarrays revealed that overexpression of NUAK2 resulted in increased expression levels of proliferation markers, including c-myc, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, cyclin-dependent kinase 2, miRNA 21, and gastric cancer stem cell markers, including aldehyde dehydrogenase 1, CD44 and CD133. In conclusion, NUAK2 expression differed between the tumor and normal gastric tissues. NUAK2 was able to promote the proliferation of gastric cancer cells and regulate their cell cycle. Proliferation and cancer stem cell markers were upregulated by NUAK2 expression. Therefore, the results from the present study suggest that NUAK2 may be a promising target for gastric cancer therapy in the future.
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Kaushik SB, Kaushik N. Non-coding RNAs in skin cancers: An update. Noncoding RNA Res 2016; 1:83-86. [PMID: 30159415 PMCID: PMC6096428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin cancers are the most common form of cancer in humans. They can largely be categorized into Melanoma and Non-melanoma skin cancers. The latter mainly includes Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) and Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC), and have a higher incidence than melanomas. There has been a recent emergence of interest in the role of non-coding RNA's in pathogenesis of skin cancers. The transcripts which lack any protein coding capacity are called non-coding RNA. These non-coding RNA are further classified based on their length; small non-coding RNA (<200 nucleotides) and long non-coding RNA (>200 nucleotides). ncRNA They are involved at multiple transcriptional, post transcriptional and epigenetic levels, modulating cell proliferation, angiogenesis, senescence and apoptosis. Their expression pattern has also been linked to metastases, drug resistance and long term prognosis. They have both diagnostic and prognostic significance for skin cancers, and can also be a target for future therapies for cutaneous malignancies. More research is needed to further utilize their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani B. Kaushik
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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12
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Jiang C, Li X, Zhao H, Liu H. Long non-coding RNAs: potential new biomarkers for predicting tumor invasion and metastasis. Mol Cancer 2016; 15:62. [PMID: 27686732 PMCID: PMC5043609 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-016-0545-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in malignant neoplasia. Indeed, many hallmarks of cancer define that the malignant phenotype of tumor cells are controlled by lncRNAs. Despite a growing number of studies highlighting their importance in cancer, there has been no systematic review of metastasis-associated lncRNAs in various cancer types. Accordingly, we focus on the key metastasis-related lncRNAs and outline their expression status in cancer tissues by reviewing the previous stuides, in order to summarize the nowadays research achivements for lncRNAs related to cancer metastasis. Medline, EMBASE, as well as PubMed databases were applied to study lncRNAs which were tightly associated with tumor invasion and metastasis. Up to now, a substantial number of lncRNAs have been found to have important biological functions. In this review, according to their various features in cancer, lncRNAs were roughly divided into three categories: promoting tumor invasion and metastasis, negative regulation of tumor metastasis and with dual regulatory roles. The present studies may establish the foundation for both further research on the mechanisms of cancer progression and future lncRNA-based clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, 190 Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute; Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 An Shan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, 190 Jieyuan Road, Hongqiao District, Tianjin, 300121, People's Republic of China
| | - Huibin Liu
- Department of pharmacology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Deng H, Zhang J, Shi J, Guo Z, He C, Ding L, Tang JH, Hou Y. Role of long non-coding RNA in tumor drug resistance. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:11623-11631. [PMID: 27380056 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5125-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy has been extensively used in tumor treatment, including either systemic or local treatment. Miserably, in many kinds of cancers, chemotherapy is gradually insensitive. The mechanisms of tumor drug resistance have been widely explored, yet have not been fully characterized. With several studies in the development of drug resistance, recent works have highlighted the involvement of non-coding RNAs in tumor development. A growing number of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as transcripts of larger than 200 nucleotides in length, which have low coding potential, but potentially coding small peptides with 50-70 amino acids. Despite so often being branded as transcriptional noise, it is becoming increasingly clear that a large number of lncRNAs are crucial molecular regulators of the processes of tumor involving the initiation and progression of human tumor. More recently, accumulating evidence is revealing an important role of lncRNA in tumor drug resistance and lncRNA expression profiling can be correlated with the evolution of tumor drug resistance. The long non-coding-RNA-mediated form of drug resistance brings yet another mechanism of drug resistance. So, exploiting the newly emerging knowledge of lncRNAs for the development of new therapeutic applications to overcome human tumor drug resistance will be significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Deng
- Graduate School, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, HeFei, China.,Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu, 42 Bai Zi Ting Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, China.,The People Hospital of SuSong, SuSong, AnHui, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu, 42 Bai Zi Ting Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, China.,Surgery of Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, HeFei, China
| | - JinJun Shi
- The People Hospital of SuSong, SuSong, AnHui, China
| | - ZhengDong Guo
- Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - ChunRong He
- The People Hospital of SuSong, SuSong, AnHui, China
| | - Li Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu, 42 Bai Zi Ting Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, China
| | - Jin Hai Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Cancer Institute of Jiangsu, 42 Bai Zi Ting Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, China.
| | - Yong Hou
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 139 Mei Shan Road, HeFei, AnHui, 230000, China.
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14
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Long non-coding RNA regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer metastasis. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2254. [PMID: 27277676 PMCID: PMC5143379 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is a multistep process starting with the dissemination of tumor cells from a primary site and ending with secondary tumor development in an anatomically distant location. The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process that endows epithelial tumor cells with mesenchymal properties including reduced adhesion and increased motility, is considered a critical step driving the early phase of cancer metastasis. Although significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular characteristics of EMT, the intracellular mechanisms driving transition through the various stages of EMT remain unclear. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated the involvement of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumor metastasis through modulating EMT. LncRNAs and their associated signaling networks have now emerged as new players in the induction and regulation of EMT during metastasis. Here we summarize the recent findings and characterizations of several known lncRNAs involved in the regulation of EMT. We will also discuss the potential use of these lncRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets to slow down or prevent metastatic spread of malignant tumors.
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15
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Sun W, Yang Y, Xu C, Xie Y, Guo J. Roles of long noncoding RNAs in gastric cancer and their clinical applications. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2016; 142:2231-7. [PMID: 27246953 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-016-2183-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gastric cancer ranks as the most common cancer in the world. However, the progresses of its diagnosis and treatment are still not satisfactory. The purpose of this study is to summarize the roles of lncRNAs associated with gastric cancer. METHODS We searched lncRNAs associated with gastric cancer in PubMed. RESULTS Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), transcripts larger than 200 nucleotides, regulate gene expression at various levels. They are playing important roles in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer. They are involved in signaling pathways, crosstalk with microRNAs, and affecting metastasis by regulating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. By acting as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, lncRNAs contribute to gastric cancer occurrence and development. Several lncRNAs including HOTAIR, HULC, LINC00152, MALAT2, H19, GHET1, and GACAT3 have been demonstrated having oncogene activities, while other lncRNAs including LEIGC, GAS5, and FER1L4 have been thought as tumor suppressors. CONCLUSIONS Several lncRNAs from tissue, blood, and gastric juice have shown potential values in gastric cancer diagnosis or prognosis evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiliang Sun
- Ningbo Yinzhou People's Hospital and the Affiliated Yinzhou Hospital, Ningbo University School of Medicine, 315040, Ningbo, China
| | - Yunben Yang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, 315211, Ningbo, China
| | - Chunjing Xu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, 315211, Ningbo, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, 315211, Ningbo, China
| | - Junming Guo
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, 315211, Ningbo, China.
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16
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TU ZHENBO, HE DU, DENG XINZHOU, XIONG MENG, HUANG XIAOXING, LI XINRAN, HAO LING, DING QIANSHAN, ZHANG QIUPING. An eight-long non-coding RNA signature as a candidate prognostic biomarker for lung cancer. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:215-22. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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17
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Wang J, Sun J, Wang J, Song Y, Gao P, Shi J, Chen P, Wang Z. Long noncoding RNAs in gastric cancer: functions and clinical applications. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:681-97. [PMID: 26929639 PMCID: PMC4755433 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s95412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last two decades, genome-wide studies have revealed that only a small fraction of the human genome encodes proteins; long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) account for 98% of the total genome. These RNA molecules, which are >200 nt in length, play important roles in diverse biological processes, including the immune response, stem cell pluripotency, cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, invasion, and metastasis by regulating gene expression at the epigenetic, transcriptional, and posttranscriptional levels. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying lncRNA function are only partially understood. Recent studies showed that many lncRNAs are aberrantly expressed in gastric cancer (GC) tissues, gastric juice, plasma, and cells, and these alterations are linked to the occurrence, progression, and outcome of GC. Here, we review the current knowledge of the biological functions and clinical aspects of lncRNAs in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingxu Sun
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxi Song
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxin Shi
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenning Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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18
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Ma B, Wang J, Song Y, Gao P, Sun J, Chen X, Yang Y, Wang Z. Upregulated long intergenic noncoding RNA KRT18P55 acts as a novel biomarker for the progression of intestinal-type gastric cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:445-53. [PMID: 26855593 PMCID: PMC4727520 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s98613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) with dysregulated expression levels have been investigated in numerous types of different cancer. Whether lncRNAs can predict the progression of gastric cancer (GC) still remains largely unclear. The aim of our study was to investigate whether KRT18P55, a novel intergenic lncRNA, can be a predictive biomarker for GC. Methods To determine the expression levels of KRT18P55 in GC, we evaluated it in five GC cell lines (SGC-7901, MGC-803, BGC-823, AGS, and HG27) and 97 GC tissue samples in comparison with a normal control by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In addition, the association with patient clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed to identify the clinical significance of KRT18P55. We also used publicly accessible data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to further verify the expression levels and clinical significance of KRT18P55. Furthermore, a receiver operating characteristic curve was also conducted to evaluate the diagnostic value of KRT18P55 for GC. Results A significant upregulation was observed in GC cell lines (P<0.01) and tissue samples (P<0.01). This finding was consistent with the results of 29 pairs of GC tissue samples from TCGA (P<0.01). Additionally, we indicated that the increased expression of KRT18P55 was related to the progression of intestinal type (P=0.032), which was also supported by results of independent GC cohorts from TCGA (P<0.01). However, we did not find significant difference in prognosis between patients with high and low expression of KRT18P55 (P>0.05). Finally, KRT18P55 showed potential diagnostic value for GC with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.733 (P<0.01). Conclusion Upregulated KRT18P55 was a novel biomarker for the progression of GC, especially for the intestinal type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ma
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxi Song
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingxu Sun
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowan Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchong Yang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenning Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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19
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Zhang F, Zhang L, Zhang C. Long noncoding RNAs and tumorigenesis: genetic associations, molecular mechanisms, and therapeutic strategies. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:163-75. [PMID: 26586396 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4445-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The human genome contains a large number of nonprotein-coding sequences. Recently, new discoveries in the functions of nonprotein-coding sequences have demonstrated that the "Dark Genome" significantly contributes to human diseases, especially with regard to cancer. Of particular interest in this review are long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which comprise a class of nonprotein-coding transcripts that are longer than 200 nucleotides. Accumulating evidence indicates that a large number of lncRNAs exhibit genetic associations with tumorigenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis. Our current understanding of the molecular bases of these lncRNAs that are associated with cancer indicate that they play critical roles in gene transcription, translation, and chromatin modification. Therapeutic strategies based on the targeting of lncRNAs to disrupt their expression or their functions are being developed. In this review, we briefly summarize and discuss the genetic associations and the aberrant expression of lncRNAs in cancer, with a particular focus on studies that have revealed the molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs in tumorigenesis. In addition, we also discuss different therapeutic strategies that involve the targeting of lncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The first Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Hong-Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiguo Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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20
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Yang Q, Zhang RW, Sui PC, He HT, Ding L. Dysregulation of non-coding RNAs in gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:10956-10981. [PMID: 26494954 PMCID: PMC4607897 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i39.10956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers in the world and a significant threat to the health of patients, especially those from China and Japan. The prognosis for patients with late stage GC receiving the standard of care treatment, including surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, remains poor. Developing novel treatment strategies, identifying new molecules for targeted therapy, and devising screening techniques to detect this cancer in its early stages are needed for GC patients. The discovery of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), primarily microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), helped to elucidate the mechanisms of tumorigenesis, diagnosis and treatment of GC. Recently, significant research has been conducted on non-coding RNAs and how the regulatory dysfunction of these RNAs impacts the tumorigenesis of GC. In this study, we review papers published in the last five years concerning the dysregulation of non-coding RNAs, especially miRNAs and lncRNAs, in GC. We summarize instances of aberrant expression of the ncRNAs in GC and their effect on survival-related events, including cell cycle regulation, AKT signaling, apoptosis and drug resistance. Additionally, we evaluate how ncRNA dysregulation affects the metastatic process, including the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, stem cells, transcription factor activity, and oncogene and tumor suppressor expression. Lastly, we determine how ncRNAs affect angiogenesis in the microenvironment of GC. We further discuss the use of ncRNAs as potential biomarkers for use in clinical screening, early diagnosis and prognosis of GC. At present, no ideal ncRNAs have been identified as targets for the treatment of GC.
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21
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Liz J, Esteller M. lncRNAs and microRNAs with a role in cancer development. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2015; 1859:169-76. [PMID: 26149773 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2015.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 410] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Most diseases, including human cancer, are frequently associated with an altered transcription pattern. The alteration of the transcriptome is not restricted to the production of aberrant levels of protein-coding RNAs, but also refers to the dysregulation of the expression of the multiple noncoding members that comprise the human genome. Unexpectedly, recent RNA-seq data of the human transcriptome have revealed that less than 2% of the genome encodes protein-coding transcripts, even though the vast majority of the genome is actively transcribed into non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) under different conditions. In this review, we present an updated version of the mechanistic aspects of some long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that play critical roles in human cancer. Most importantly, we focus on the interplay between lncRNAs and microRNAs, and the importance of such interactions during the tumorigenic process, providing new insight into the regulatory mechanisms underlying several ncRNA classes of importance in cancer, particularly transcribed ultraconserved regions (T-UCRs). This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Clues to long noncoding RNA taxonomy1, edited by Dr. Tetsuro Hirose and Dr. Shinichi Nakagawa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Liz
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Manel Esteller
- Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Department of Physiological Sciences II, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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22
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Zhu S, Mao J, Shao Y, Chen F, Zhu X, Xu D, Zhang X, Guo J. Reduced expression of the long non-coding RNA AI364715 in gastric cancer and its clinical significance. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:8041-5. [PMID: 25971582 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3543-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), which is greater than 200 nucleotides, is a class of RNA molecules without protein coding function. In recent years, studies have shown that lncRNAs are associated with cancers. They are affecting the occurrence and development of cancers. However, the diagnostic significances of lncRNAs in gastric cancer are largely unknown. In this study, we focused on AI364715, one typical lncRNA. A total of 186 samples were collected from two cancer centers. To find the potential association between its level and gastric cancer, we first collected 75 paired gastric cancer tissues and normal tissues, which are 5 cm away from the edge of carcinoma. Besides, 18 human healthy gastric mucosa and 18 gastric precancerous lesions (dysplasia) were also collected. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was first used to detect the expression level of AI364715 at multiple stages of gastric tumorigenesis. Then, the relationships between AI364715 level and the clinicopathological factors of patients with gastric cancer were analyzed. The results showed that the expression level of AI364715 in gastric cancer tissues was downregulated. Meanwhile, its expression level was closely associated with tumor size and differentiation. More importantly, AI364715 expression level was significantly changed in dysplasia, the typical precancerous lesions. Taken together, AI364715 may be a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqian Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Jinqin Mao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Yongfu Shao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Dingli Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Xinjun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, China.
| | - Junming Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315211, China.
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