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Wang R, Qin S, Qiao T, Jiang W, Tong J, Lu G, Gao D, Zhang M, Lv Z, Li D, Chai L. Body composition changes in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer after iodine-131 treatment and short-term levothyroxine replacement and suppression therapy. Hormones (Athens) 2024; 23:257-265. [PMID: 38277093 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-024-00528-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purposes of this study were to assess the changes in body composition in patients who underwent thyroidectomy due to differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) after radioactive iodine therapy (RAI) and short-term levothyroxine (LT4) supplementation and to explore the correlations between body composition distribution and corresponding blood indices. METHODS Fifty-seven thyroidectomized DTC patients were included. Serum was tested for several biochemical indices of thyroid function, lipids, and bone metabolism, and body composition parameters were measured via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry before and 4-6 weeks after RAI and LT4 supplementation. RESULTS The body composition of DTC patients changed after RAI. Fat mass in all parts of the body decreased (range of relative change (RRC) -12.97--2.80%). Bone mineral content (BMC) increased throughout the body (relative change (RC) 12.12%), head (RC 36.23%), pelvis (RC 9.00%), and legs (RC 3.15%). Similarly, bone mineral density (BMD) increased in different regions (RRC 3.60-26.43%), except for the arms. Notably, lean mass in the arms (RC 4.30%) and legs (RC 3.67%) increased, while that in the head decreased (RC -2.75%), while total lean mass did not change at 4-6 weeks after LT4 supplementation. Furthermore, changes in fat distribution in the android region were related to the changes in total cholesterol (r = -0.390) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = -0.354), and changes in the BMC and BMD of the lumbar spine were positively associated with the changes in calcitonin (r = 0.302 and 0.325, respectively). CONCLUSIONS After RAI and short-term LT4 supplementation in DTC patients, body composition rapidly and positively changed and was characterized by decreased fat mass and increased BMC and BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Wang
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Imaging Clinical Medical Center, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Shanshan Qin
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Imaging Clinical Medical Center, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Tingting Qiao
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Imaging Clinical Medical Center, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Imaging Clinical Medical Center, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Junyu Tong
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Imaging Clinical Medical Center, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Ganghua Lu
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Imaging Clinical Medical Center, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Dingwei Gao
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Imaging Clinical Medical Center, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Mengyu Zhang
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Imaging Clinical Medical Center, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Zhongwei Lv
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Imaging Clinical Medical Center, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510289, China.
| | - Li Chai
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Imaging Clinical Medical Center, Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China.
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Xifra P, Serrano SI, Peterson ME. Effect of radioiodine treatment on muscle mass in hyperthyroid cats. Vet Med (Auckl) 2022; 36:1931-1941. [PMID: 36200596 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 75% of hyperthyroid cats lose muscle mass as accessed with a muscle condition scoring (MCS) system. After treatment, MCS improves as the cats regain muscle mass. OBJECTIVES To quantify the degree of muscle loss in hyperthyroid cats using ultrasonography and evaluate changes in muscle mass after treatment. ANIMALS Forty-eight clinically normal cats and 120 cats with untreated hyperthyroidism, 75 of which were reevaluated after radioiodine-131 therapy. METHODS Prospective cross-sectional and before-after studies. All cats underwent ultrasonography and measurement of epaxial muscle height (EMH), with subsequent calculation of vertebral and forelimb epaxial muscle scores (VEMS and FLEMS). A subset of hyperthyroid cats underwent repeat muscle imaging 6 months after treatment. RESULTS Untreated hyperthyroid cats had a lower EMH than did clinically normal cats (median [25th-75th percentile], 0.98 [0.88-1.16] cm vs 1.34 [1.23-1.58] cm, P < .001). Seventy-seven (64.2%) untreated cats had subnormal EMH. Similarly, compared to normal cats, hyperthyroid cats had lower VEMS (0.93 [0.84-1.07] vs 1.27 [1.18-1.39], P < .001) and FLEMS (1.24 [1.10-1.35] vs 1.49 [1.39-1.63], P < .001). After treatment, EMH increased (1.03 [0.89-1.03] cm to 1.33 [1.17-1.41] cm, P < .001), with abnormally low EMH normalizing in 36/41 (88%). Both VEMS (0.94 [0.87-1.10] to 1.21 [1.10-1.31], P < .001) and FLEMS (1.31 [1.17-1.40] to 1.47 [1.38-1.66], P < .001) also increased after treatment. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Almost two-thirds of hyperthyroid cats have abnormally low muscle mass when measured quantitatively by ultrasound. Successful treatment restores muscle mass in >85% of cats. EMH provided the best means of quantitating muscle mass in these cats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mark E Peterson
- Animal Endocrine Clinic, NYC, New York, New York, USA.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
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Peterson ME, Castellano CA, Rishniw M. Evaluation of Body Weight, Body Condition, and Muscle Condition in Cats with Hyperthyroidism. J Vet Intern Med 2016; 30:1780-1789. [PMID: 27667652 PMCID: PMC5115195 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The contribution of fat loss versus muscle wasting to the loss of body weight seen in hyperthyroid cats is unknown. Objectives To investigate body weight, body condition score (BCS), and muscle condition score (MCS) in hyperthyroid cats. Animals Four hundred sixty‐two cats with untreated hyperthyroidism, 117 of which were reevaluated after treatment. Methods Prospective cross‐sectional and before–after studies. Untreated hyperthyroid cats had body composition evaluated (body weight, BCS, and MCS). A subset of these cats were reevaluated 3–12 months after treatment when euthyroid. Results Pretreatment body weight (median, 4.36 kg; IQR, 3.5 to 5.2 kg) was lower than premorbid weight (5.45 kg; IQR, 4.6 to 6.4 kg, P < .0001) recorded 1–2 years before diagnosis. 154 (35.3%) cats were thin or emaciated; 357 (77.3%) had loss of muscle mass. Cats showed increases in body weight (median, 4.1 kg to 5.0 kg), BCS (median, 3/5 to 3.5/5), and MCS (2/3 to 3/3) after treatment (P < .001), but mild‐to‐moderate muscle wasting persisted in 45% of treated cats. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Most hyperthyroid cats lose body weight but maintain an ideal or overweight BCS, with only a third being underweight. As in human hyperthyroid patients, this weight loss is associated with muscle wasting, which affects >75% of hyperthyroid cats. Successful treatment leads to weight gain and increase of BCS in most cats, but almost half fail to regain normal muscle mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Peterson
- Animal Endocrine Clinic, New York, NY.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | | | - M Rishniw
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.,Veterinary Information Network, Davis, CA
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