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La R, Yin Y, Ding W, He Z, Lu L, Xu B, Jiang D, Huang L, Jiang J, Zhou L, Wu Q. Is inflammation a missing link between relative handgrip strength with hyperlipidemia? Evidence from a large population-based study. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:159. [PMID: 38802799 PMCID: PMC11131302 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02154-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relative handgrip strength (RHGS) was positively correlated with healthy levels of cardiovascular markers and negatively correlated with metabolic disease risk. However, its association with hyperlipidemia remains unknown. The present study investigated the link between RHGS and hyperlipidemia, utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and further examined the hypothesis that inflammation may serve a mediating role within this relationship. METHODS Data were extracted from 4610 participants in the NHANES database spanning 2011-2014 to explore the correlation between RHGS and hyperlipidemia using multivariate logistic regression models. Subgroup analyses were conducted to discern the correlation between RHGS and hyperlipidemia across diverse populations. Additionally, smooth curve fitting and threshold effect analysis were conducted to validate the association between RHGS and hyperlipidemia. Furthermore, the potential mediating effect of inflammation on this association was also explored. RESULTS According to the fully adjusted model, RHGS was negatively correlated with hyperlipidemia [odds ratio (OR) = 0.575, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.515 to 0.643], which was consistently significant across all populations, notably among women. Smooth curve fitting and threshold effect analysis substantiated the negative association between RHGS and hyperlipidemia. Moreover, the mediating effects analysis indicated the white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil (Neu) count, and lymphocyte (Lym) count played roles as the mediators, with mediation ratios of 7.0%, 4.3%, and 5.0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study identified a prominent negative correlation between RHGS and hyperlipidemia. Elevated RHGS may serve as a protective factor against hyperlipidemia, potentially through mechanisms underlying the modulation of inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui La
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Orthopedics at Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunfei Yin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenquan Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Orthopedics at Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiyuan He
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Orthopedics at Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingchen Lu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Rehabilitation, Kunshan Maternity and Children's Health Care Hospital, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dinghua Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Orthopedics at Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lixin Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Orthopedics at Soochow University, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jian Jiang
- Department of Translational Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Liyu Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Orthopedics at Soochow University, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institute of Orthopedics at Soochow University, Jiangsu, China.
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea.
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Gutiérrez-Esparza G, Pulido T, Martínez-García M, Ramírez-delReal T, Groves-Miralrio LE, Márquez-Murillo MF, Amezcua-Guerra LM, Vargas-Alarcón G, Hernández-Lemus E. A machine learning approach to personalized predictors of dyslipidemia: a cohort study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1213926. [PMID: 37799151 PMCID: PMC10548235 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1213926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mexico ranks second in the global prevalence of obesity in the adult population, which increases the probability of developing dyslipidemia. Dyslipidemia is closely related to cardiovascular diseases, which are the leading cause of death in the country. Therefore, developing tools that facilitate the prediction of dyslipidemias is essential for prevention and early treatment. Methods In this study, we utilized a dataset from a Mexico City cohort consisting of 2,621 participants, men and women aged between 20 and 50 years, with and without some type of dyslipidemia. Our primary objective was to identify potential factors associated with different types of dyslipidemia in both men and women. Machine learning algorithms were employed to achieve this goal. To facilitate feature selection, we applied the Variable Importance Measures (VIM) of Random Forest (RF), XGBoost, and Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM). Additionally, to address class imbalance, we employed Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) for dataset resampling. The dataset encompassed anthropometric measurements, biochemical tests, dietary intake, family health history, and other health parameters, including smoking habits, alcohol consumption, quality of sleep, and physical activity. Results Our results revealed that the VIM algorithm of RF yielded the most optimal subset of attributes, closely followed by GBM, achieving a balanced accuracy of up to 80%. The selection of the best subset of attributes was based on the comparative performance of classifiers, evaluated through balanced accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity metrics. Discussion The top five features contributing to an increased risk of various types of dyslipidemia were identified through the machine learning technique. These features include body mass index, elevated uric acid levels, age, sleep disorders, and anxiety. The findings of this study shed light on significant factors that play a role in dyslipidemia development, aiding in the early identification, prevention, and treatment of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Gutiérrez-Esparza
- Researcher for Mexico CONAHCYT, National Council of Humanities Sciences, and Technologies, Mexico City, Mexico
- Clinical Research, National Institute of Cardiology “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Tomas Pulido
- Clinical Research, National Institute of Cardiology “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mireya Martínez-García
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Cardiology “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Tania Ramírez-delReal
- Researcher for Mexico CONAHCYT, National Council of Humanities Sciences, and Technologies, Mexico City, Mexico
- Center for Research in Geospatial Information Sciences, Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | | | - Manlio F. Márquez-Murillo
- Department of Electrocardiology, National Institute of Cardiology “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis M. Amezcua-Guerra
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Cardiology “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gilberto Vargas-Alarcón
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, National Institute of Cardiology “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Enrique Hernández-Lemus
- Computational Genomics Division, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico
- Center for Complexity Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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Park S, Chung S, Kim SA, Shin S. The "fruit and whole-grain" pattern is associated with a low prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia among middle and older-aged Korean adults: Using Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2018 data. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:1201-1211. [PMID: 36911844 PMCID: PMC10002937 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertriglyceridemia is a well-known risk factor of various chronic diseases including diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to determine dietary patterns and explore the relationship between dietary patterns and hypertriglyceridemia in the Korean adult population. We utilized a cross-sectional and nationally representative survey, the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2018 database. From 47,217 subjects who participated in the survey between 2013 and 2018, only subjects over 40 years old were included. Subjects lacking 24-h recall data and data on hypertriglyceridemia and body mass index, and who had implausible energy intake were excluded. A total of 19,806 participants' data were analyzed. Dietary data were based on 24-h recall data, and dietary patterns were derived using factor analysis. Triglyceride levels greater than 200 mg/dl were considered hypertriglyceridemia, according to the Korean Society of Lipid and Atherosclerosis. Three dietary patterns- "oil and fats & seasoning", "soybean paste and vegetable", and "fruit and whole-grain"- explained 7.9%, 6.3%, and 5.8% of variation in food intake, respectively. Comparing the lowest and highest dietary pattern score groups after adjusting for potential confounders revealed an inverse relationship between "fruit and whole-grain" dietary pattern and hypertriglyceridemia in men (odds ratio [OR]: 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.45-0.82, p for trend <.0001); which was only marginal in women (OR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.58-1.07, p for trend: .628). A diet containing high proportions of fruit and whole-grain may have preventive effects on hypertriglyceridemia in middle and older aged Korean adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- SoHyun Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition Chung-Ang University Gyeonggi-do Korea
| | - Sangwon Chung
- Personalized Diet Research Group Korea Food Research Institute Jeollabuk-do Korea
| | - Seong-Ah Kim
- Department of Urban Society Research The Seoul Institute Seoul Korea
| | - Sangah Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition Chung-Ang University Gyeonggi-do Korea
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Chen H, Shen J, Xuan J, Zhu A, Ji JS, Liu X, Cao Y, Zong G, Zeng Y, Wang X, Yuan C. Plant-based dietary patterns in relation to mortality among older adults in China. NATURE AGING 2022; 2:224-230. [PMID: 37118372 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-022-00180-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
A plant-based dietary pattern has been recommended for its potential health and environmental benefits, but its relation to mortality warrants further exploration1. We examined this association among 13,154 adults aged 65 years and older (57.4% female) in the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). The overall plant-based diet index (PDI), healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI) and unhealthful plant-based diet index (uPDI) were calculated using dietary data collected by a simplified food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Compared with the lowest quintile, participants in the highest quintile of PDI and hPDI had a decreased risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.92; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.86, 0.98 for PDI; HR = 0.81, 95% CI, 0.76, 0.87 for hPDI), whereas participants with the highest uPDI scores had a 17% (95% CI, 9%, 26%) increased risk. Among plant foods, fresh fruits, fresh vegetables, legumes, garlic, nuts and tea were the main protective contributors, whereas preserved vegetables and sugar were associated with a higher risk of mortality. These findings support the beneficial roles of overall and healthful plant-based dietary patterns. The quality, and not only quantity, of plant foods should be emphasized in relevant public health recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Shen
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Xuan
- China Academy for Rural Development, Department of Agricultural Economics and Management, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anna Zhu
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - John S Ji
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoran Liu
- Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yaying Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Geng Zong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Center for Healthy Aging and Development Studies, Raissun Institute for Advanced Studies, National School of Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development and Geriatrics Division, Medical School of Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Xiaoxi Wang
- China Academy for Rural Development, Department of Agricultural Economics and Management, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Changzheng Yuan
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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Prevalence, patterns and determinants of dyslipidaemia among South African adults with comorbidities. Sci Rep 2022; 12:337. [PMID: 35013433 PMCID: PMC8748924 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04150-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study assessed the prevalence, patterns and determinants of dyslipidaemia among South African adults with multi-morbidities. In this study, 614 individuals with DM and hypertension were recruited. Dyslipidaemia was defined as elevated levels of total cholesterol (TC) ≥ 5.2 mmol/L and/or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥ 2.6 mmol/L, triglycerides (TG) ≥ 1.8 mmol/L and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) < 1 mmol/L for men and < 1.2 mmol/L for women. Multivariate regression model (adjusted) analysis was used to identify the significant determinants of dyslipidaemia. The prevalence of dyslipidaemia was 76.7% (n = 471), with females showing the highest prevalence 357 (75.79%). Elevated TG (62.21%) was the most prevalent form of dyslipidemia. Only 103 (16.77%) participants were on statin therapy. The multivariate logistic regression model analysis (adjusted) showed that, the Zulu ethnicity (AOR = 2.45; 95%CI 1.48–4.05) was associated with high TC. DM (AOR = 2.00; 95%CI 1.30–3.06) and the female sex (AOR = 2.54; 95%CI 1.56–4.12) were associated with low HDL-C. Obesity (AOR = 1.57; 95%CI 1.12–2.21) and the Zulu ethnicity (AOR = 1.60; 95%CI 1.00–2.54) were associated with elevated LDL-C. DM (AOR = 2.32; 95%CI 1.61–3.34) was associated with elevated TG. We found a high prevalence of dyslipidaemia. The study further demonstrated that prevention and treatment of dyslipidaemia should be prioritised among individuals with multi-morbidities.
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Guan M. Associations of fruit & vegetable intake and physical activity with poor self-rated health among Chinese older adults. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:10. [PMID: 34979973 PMCID: PMC8722069 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02709-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the existing literature highlights the central roles of sociodemographic factors, fruit & vegetable (F&V) intake, and physical activities for maintaining good health, less is known about the associations in the Chinese context. This study attempted to explore the associations of servings of F&V intake and levels of physical activities with poor self-rated health (SRH) among Chinese older adults. METHODS Data were drawn from the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health-China (SAGE-China) issued by the World Health Organization and included 7560 respondents aged ≥60 years in China. After screening out the potential confounding factors, multiple logistic regression models were adopted to explore the associations of sociodemographic factors, servings of F&V intake, and levels of physical activities with poor SRH. RESULTS Among the sample, nearly a quarter reported poor health status. There were significant gender differences in the case of servings of F&V intake and levels of physical activities. Logistic regressions indicated that higher fruit intake was associated with lower likelihood of vigorous level of physical activity as compared to zero intake. Likewise, higher vegetable intake (≥10 servings) was associated with a higher likelihood of vigorous & moderate level of physical activity when compared to lower intake (≤ 4 servings). Higher fruit intake was associated with a lower likelihood of poor SRH. Similarly, vegetable intake (5 servings: AOR = 0.69, 95%CI: 0.58-0.83; 6-9 servings: AOR = 0.72, 95%CI: 0.59-0.87) was significantly associated with poor SRH. Additionally, vigorous level of physical activity (AOR = 0.79, 95%CI: 0.65-0.97) and vigorous fitness/leisure (AOR = 0.57, 95%CI: 0.39-0.84) were significantly associated with poor SRH. CONCLUSION This study suggested that older adults with high fruit intake had lower probability of performing vigorous & moderate level of physical activity, while those with high vegetable intake had higher probability of performing vigorous & moderate level of physical activity. Likewise, the older adults with high F&V intake and higher probability of performing vigorous level of physical activity, walk/bike activity, and vigorous/moderate fitness/leisure had less likelihood to face the risk for poor SRH outcomes. The appropriate servings of F&V intake and levels of physical activity should be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Guan
- Family Issues Center, Xuchang University, Road Bayi 88, Xuchang, Henan, China. .,International Issues Center, Xuchang University, Road Bayi 88, Xuchang, Henan, China. .,School of Business, Xuchang University, Road Bayi 88, Xuchang, Henan, China.
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Fahmy HM, El-Waseif MA, Badr SA, Abd-Elazim EI, Sabry AM, Shaaban HA. Chemical and Sensory Evaluation of Balady Bread Supplemented with Watermelon Rinds Flour and its Anti-Hyperlipidemic Effect in Male Albina Rats. Pak J Biol Sci 2022; 25:993-1000. [PMID: 36591930 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2022.993.1000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> Watermelon is a good source of minerals, vitamins and dietary fibers. It has been considered a health benefits effect due to the high amount of antioxidants and phytonutrients such as phenolics, flavonoids, phytosterols and other medicinal compounds which decrease the risk of cardiovascular, diabetes and cancer. This research was carried out to study the effect of wheat flour (WF) supplemented with different levels of watermelon rinds flour (WRF) on the chemical and organoleptic properties of balady bread. Furthermore, the effect of prepared bread on reducing blood lipids of hyperlipidemic rats. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Wheat flour (WF) has been supplemented with different levels (5, 10, 15 and 20%) of watermelon rinds flour (WRF). The chemical and organoleptic properties of balady bread and the anti-hyperlipidemic effect of prepared bread on hyperlipidemic rats were evaluated. <b>Results:</b> The results indicated that incorporation of WRF in balady bread wheat flour increased the fibre, ash and minerals content of prepared bread. While carbohydrates content and energy value were decreased by increasing the WRF substitution levels. Organoleptic evaluation tests showed that up to 15% of WF could be replaced with WRF in balady bread and still more acceptable bread compared with control bread samples. In addition, rats fed on a hyperlipidemic diet containing balady bread fortified with WRF showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C), Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) and Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (V-LDL) level by increasing the amounts of simultaneous supplementation with WRF 5-15% in the formulated balady bread compared to control samples. <b>Conclusion:</b> The research recommended that the 15% replacement of WRF gave good quality properties and lead to reducing body weight and serum lipid profile of hyperlipidemic rats.
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Liu SS, Kim JY, Park JH, Kim S, Lee K, Bae WK, Lee KH, Han JS, Lee H, Jung SY. Fruit Intake and Changes of Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in People with Obesity. Korean J Fam Med 2021; 42:382-389. [PMID: 34607414 PMCID: PMC8490179 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.20.0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to explore the relationship between fruit intake, changes in fruit intake, and changes in cardiometabolic factors in people with obesity. METHODS A total of 21,270 subjects (8,718 men, 12,552 women) aged 40 years and over, from the Korean-based Genome and Epidemiology Study, were followed up for an average of 4.4 years. Fruit intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire at baseline and the second follow-up. The beta coefficient and confidence intervals for changes in cardiometabolic risk factors according to fruit consumption were calculated using a linear regression model. RESULTS In men, the abdominal circumference decreased with changes in fruit intake (P=0.029). Fruit intake and increased fruit intake in men were associated with a lower systolic blood pressure (P=0.012 and P=0.02, respectively) and lower triglyceride levels (P=0.002 and P<0.001, respectively). In women, abdominal circumference decreased with both fruit intake and increased fruit intake (P<0.001 and P=0.013, respectively). Systolic blood pressure and triglycerides tended to decrease only with fruit intake (P=0.048 and P<0.001, respectively). Unlike in men, fasting blood glucose tended to decrease in women with both fruit intake and increased fruit intake (P=0.011 and P=0.005, respectively). CONCLUSION Fruit intake and increased fruit intake may have beneficial effects on cardiometabolic risk factors among individuals who are obese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiao Shih Liu
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju Young Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jung Ha Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Sohye Kim
- Nutrition Care Services, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Kiheon Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Woo Kyung Bae
- Department of Family Medicine, Health Promotion Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Kee Hyuck Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jong Soo Han
- Department of Family Medicine, Health Promotion Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hyejin Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Se Young Jung
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
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Kim M, Park K. Association between phytochemical index and metabolic syndrome. Nutr Res Pract 2020; 14:252-261. [PMID: 32528632 PMCID: PMC7263893 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2020.14.3.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Although previous experimental studies reported the health benefits of foods rich in phytochemicals, few epidemiologic studies have investigated the associations between phytochemicals and metabolic disorders. This study aimed to calculate a phytochemical index (PI) and examine its association with metabolic syndrome in the Korean population. SUBJECTS/METHODS Data of Korean adults aged ≥ 19 years who participated in the 2008-2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys were analyzed. The PI was calculated using 24-hour intake recall data regarding whole grains, vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts and seeds, and soybeans and soy products. Demographic and lifestyle data were obtained using self-administered questionnaires. A multivariable logistic regression was performed to calculate the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components according to PI quintiles. RESULTS Overall, 31,319 adults were evaluated. Compared with men, women had a higher median PI level (9.96 vs. 13.63) and significantly higher caloric intake levels from most PI components (P < 0.05), except for soy products. After adjusting for multiple confounding variables, participants in the highest PI quintile had significantly lower prevalences of abdominal obesity (OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.81-0.99), hyperglycemia (OR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.74-0.94), high blood pressure (OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.73-0.93), hypertriglyceridemia (OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.75-0.94), and metabolic syndrome (OR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.69-0.88). CONCLUSIONS Higher intakes of phytochemical-rich foods are associated with a lower prevalence of metabolic dysregulation and consequently, cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkyeong Kim
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Kyong Park
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
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Wu H, Li H, Li H, Ding Y, Wang C, Zhang G, Tang N, Wu W. Evaluation of health-related quality of life in adults with and without dyslipidaemia in rural areas of central China. Qual Life Res 2019; 29:925-939. [PMID: 31655975 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-019-02336-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dyslipidaemia is a common chronic disease in China but is among the list of diseases treated by basic public health services. In this study, we aimed to use the European Quality of Life Five Dimension Five Level Scale (EQ-5D-5L) and visual analogue scale (VAS) to compare differences in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) between dyslipidaemic and non-dyslipidaemic individuals in rural China and to explore possible causes for the underlying differences. METHODS This study examined 10,115 participants from 22 rural communities in Xinxiang County, Henan Province, China. The study participants were interviewed between March and June 2017. Generalised linear and Tobit regression models were used to analyse factors affecting participants' HRQoL. RESULTS Of 10,115 participants, 4355 had dyslipidaemia. The mean utility index was 0.953 (standard deviation = 0.119). Pain/discomfort (20.83%) and problems with mobility (15.91%) and self-care (3.75%) were frequently reported. Regression models revealed that patients with low utility index scores were older, ex-smokers, non-tea drinkers, and less active, consumed less fruit, lived in areas with a low socioeconomic status; and were less educated. Patients also had poorer sleep quality and mental health scores and suffered from chronic diseases. Cohen's D effect size for age, sleep quality, non-communicable diseases, and depression was ≥ 0.4. CONCLUSION The prevalence rate of dyslipidaemia was 43.05%, and it was correlated with a lower HRQoL. Age, sleep quality, non-communicable diseases, and depression may be significant predictors of the utility index and VAS scores. Patients were unaware of the risks of dyslipidaemia caused by an unhealthy lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wu
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Province General Medical Educations and Research Center, Xinxiang, China
| | - Huijun Li
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Haibin Li
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yu Ding
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Province General Medical Educations and Research Center, Xinxiang, China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guicheng Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Naijun Tang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
- Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China.
| | - Weidong Wu
- Henan Province General Medical Educations and Research Center, Xinxiang, China.
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Cattafesta M, Salaroli LB. Diets high in vegetables, fruits, cereals, and tubers as a protective factor for metabolic syndrome in bank employees. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2018; 11:781-790. [PMID: 30538515 PMCID: PMC6254587 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s184716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is increasing, and its development may be related to westernized diets and working conditions. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of dietary patterns in bank employees with the presence of MetS, considering sociodemographic and behavioral factors as well as laboratory tests. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of 515 bankers. Sociodemographic, occupational, behavioral, and food consumption data were collected. Dietary patterns were determined by principal component analysis with orthogonal varimax rotation. RESULTS The dietary pattern of vegetables, fruits, cereals, and tubers was correlated with the presence of MetS and with waist circumference measurements and triglyceride levels. Individuals in the third and fifth quintiles of the pattern "vegetables, fruits, cereals, and tubers" presented with 3.28 and 2.24 times less chances of MetS when compared to individuals in the first quintile of this dietary pattern (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.13-0.67, and OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.21-0.92, respectively). Subjects over 45 years of age were almost twice as likely to develop MetS (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.01-3.77). CONCLUSION Healthy eating represented by the dietary pattern "vegetables, fruits, cereals, and tubers" was associated with better health among bank employees, especially when evaluating competing metabolic complications such as MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Cattafesta
- Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Luciane Bresciani Salaroli
- Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Integrated Education, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil,
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Kodama S, Horikawa C, Fujihara K, Ishii D, Hatta M, Takeda Y, Kitazawa M, Matsubayashi Y, Shimano H, Kato K, Tanaka S, Sone H. Relationship between intake of fruit separately from vegetables and triglycerides - A meta-analysis. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2018; 27:53-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Liu H, Hall JJ, Xu X, Mishra GD, Byles JE. Differences in food and nutrient intakes between Australian- and Asian-born women living in Australia: Results from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health. Nutr Diet 2018; 75:142-150. [PMID: 29282841 DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine differences in food and nutrient intakes between Australian- and Asian-born women living in Australia. METHODS Data were obtained from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health, including 6461 women born in Australia or Asia who completed food frequency questionnaires in 2001 and 2013. Diet was assessed using the Dietary Questionnaire for Epidemiological Studies version 2. Longitudinal generalised estimating-equation modelling was performed to determine the effect of country of birth and survey year on fruit and vegetable intake. RESULTS Asian-born women ate more cereals, soybeans and fish but less vegetables, legumes, dairy, meat and meat products than Australian-born women both in 2001 and in 2013. Asian-born women ate less cereals, rice and noodles, meat and its products (P < 0.05) in 2013 than in 2001. The earlier people came to Australia, the less their rice and noodle intake per day. However, the reverse was demonstrated regarding vegetable intake. Asian-born women had a lower daily intake of fat, calcium, zinc, thiamin, riboflavin, folate and retinol compared with those born in Australia. CONCLUSIONS Asian-born women living in Australia show different food and nutrient intakes from Australian-born women, although their diets tend to deviate from typical Asian characteristics and approach a Western diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqing Liu
- School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - John J Hall
- School of Public Health & Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xiaoyue Xu
- Faculty of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gita D Mishra
- School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Julie E Byles
- Priority Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, School of Medicine and Public Health, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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Sharma SP, Chung HJ, Kim HJ, Hong ST. Paradoxical Effects of Fruit on Obesity. Nutrients 2016; 8:E633. [PMID: 27754404 PMCID: PMC5084020 DOI: 10.3390/nu8100633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is exponentially increasing regardless of its preventable characteristics. The current measures for preventing obesity have failed to address the severity and prevalence of obesity, so alternative approaches based on nutritional and diet changes are attracting attention for the treatment of obesity. Fruit contains large amounts of simple sugars (glucose, fructose, sucrose, etc.), which are well known to induce obesity. Thus, considering the amount of simple sugars found in fruit, it is reasonable to expect that their consumption should contribute to obesity rather than weight reduction. However, epidemiological research has consistently shown that most types of fruit have anti-obesity effects. Thus, due to their anti-obesity effects as well as their vitamin and mineral contents, health organizations are suggesting the consumption of fruit for weight reduction purposes. These contradictory characteristics of fruit with respect to human body weight management motivated us to study previous research to understand the contribution of different types of fruit to weight management. In this review article, we analyze and discuss the relationships between fruit and their anti-obesity effects based on numerous possible underlying mechanisms, and we conclude that each type of fruit has different effects on body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya P Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea.
| | - Hea J Chung
- Department of Microbiology, Seonam University Medical School, Namwon 55724, Korea.
| | - Hyeon J Kim
- JINIS BDRD Institute, JINIS Biopharmaceuticals Co., 948-9 Dunsan, Bongdong, Wanju 55321, Korea.
| | - Seong T Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Korea.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to identify dietary patterns and explore their associations with blood lipid profiles among Chinese women. DESIGN In a cross-sectional study, we identified dietary patterns using principal component analysis of data from three consecutive 24 h dietary recalls. The China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) collected blood samples in the morning after an overnight fast and measured total cholesterol (TC), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) and TAG. SETTING Data were from the 2009 wave of the CHNS. SUBJECTS We studied 2468 women aged 18-80 years from the CHNS. RESULTS We identified three dietary patterns: traditional southern (high intakes of rice, pork and vegetables), snack (high intakes of fruits, eggs and cakes) and Western (high intakes of poultry, fast foods and milk). The traditional southern pattern was inversely associated with HDL-C (β=-0·68; 95 % CI -1·22, -0·14; P<0·05). The snack pattern was significantly associated with higher TAG (β=4·14; 95 % CI 0·44, 7·84; P<0·05). The Western pattern was positively associated with TC (β=2·52; 95 % CI 1·03, 4·02; P<0·01) and LDL-C (β=2·26; 95 % CI 0·86, 3·66; P<0·01). CONCLUSIONS We identified three dietary patterns that are significantly associated with blood lipid profiles. This information is important for developing interventions and policies addressing dyslipidaemia prevention among Chinese women.
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Roberts JL, Moreau R. Functional properties of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) phytochemicals and bioactives. Food Funct 2016; 7:3337-53. [PMID: 27353735 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00051g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Overwhelming evidence indicates that diets rich in fruits and vegetables are protective against common chronic diseases, such as cancer, obesity and cardiovascular disease. Leafy green vegetables, in particular, are recognized as having substantial health-promoting activities that are attributed to the functional properties of their nutrients and non-essential chemical compounds. Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) is widely regarded as a functional food due to its diverse nutritional composition, which includes vitamins and minerals, and to its phytochemicals and bioactives that promote health beyond basic nutrition. Spinach-derived phytochemicals and bioactives are able to (i) scavenge reactive oxygen species and prevent macromolecular oxidative damage, (ii) modulate expression and activity of genes involved in metabolism, proliferation, inflammation, and antioxidant defence, and (iii) curb food intake by inducing secretion of satiety hormones. These biological activities contribute to the anti-cancer, anti-obesity, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic properties of spinach. Despite these valuable attributes, spinach consumption remains low in comparison to other leafy green vegetables. This review examines the functional properties of spinach in cell culture, animals and humans with a focus on the molecular mechanisms by which spinach-derived non-essential phytochemicals and bioactives, such as glycolipids and thylakoids, impart their health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Roberts
- Department of Nutrition & Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
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Greater Total Antioxidant Capacity from Diet and Supplements Is Associated with a Less Atherogenic Blood Profile in U.S. Adults. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8010015. [PMID: 26742057 PMCID: PMC4728629 DOI: 10.3390/nu8010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence from epidemiologic studies has shown that total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the diet might be inversely associated with stroke, heart failure, and inflammatory biomarkers. However, studies on the association of TAC from both diet and supplements with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in the U.S. population are lacking. This cross-sectional population-based study aimed to investigate the association of TAC with both diet and supplements with CVD risk factors among 4039 U.S. adults in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2012. TAC from both food sources and dietary supplements was estimated from two 24-h dietary recalls using the NHANES supplement ingredient database, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) proanthocyanidin, flavonoid, and isoflavone databases. Top contributors to TAC were tea, antioxidant supplements, vegetable mixture, orange juice, berries, and wine. Antioxidant supplement users had 1.6 times higher TAC than non-users. Greater TAC was associated with reduced triglycerides (TG) (−1.39% change; 95% CI = −2.56 to −0.21), TG to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (−2.03% change; 95% CI = −3.45 to −0.60), HDL-C (0.65% change; 95% CI = 0.07 to 1.23), insulin (−1.37% change; 95% CI = −2.64 to −0.09), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (−1.57% change; 95% CI = −3.02 to −0.09) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (−0.83% change; 95% CI = −1.29 to −0.38) after adjusting for potential confounders. There was no significant association between TAC and waist circumference, BMI, blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and fasting glucose. The findings of this study support the hypothesis that an antioxidant-rich diet and intake of supplements are beneficial to reduce CVD risk.
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Um YJ, Oh SW, Lee CM, Kwon HT, Joh HK, Kim YJ, Kim HJ, Ahn SH. Dietary Fat Intake and the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Adults. Korean J Fam Med 2015; 36:245-52. [PMID: 26435816 PMCID: PMC4591391 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.2015.36.5.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The effect of dietary fat intake on the risk of cardiovascular disease remains unclear. We investigated the association between dietary fat and specific types of fat intake and the risk of metabolic syndrome. Methods The study population included 1,662 healthy adults who were 50.2 years of age and had no known hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, or metabolic syndrome at the initial visit. Dietary intake was obtained from a 1-day food record. During 20.7 months of follow-up, we documented 147 cases of metabolic syndrome confirmed by self-report, anthropometric data, and blood test results. The intakes of total fat, vegetable fat, animal fat, saturated fatty acid (SFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), and cholesterol level divided by quintile. Multivariate analyses included age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, total calorie, and protein intake. Results Vegetable fat intake was inversely associated with metabolic syndrome risk (odds ratio for the highest vs. the lowest quintile, 0.33; 95% confidence interval, 0.14 to 0.76). Total fat, animal fat, SFA, PUFA, MUFA, and cholesterol intakes showed no association with metabolic syndrome. Vegetable fat intake was inversely associated with the risk of hypertriglyceridemia among the components of metabolic syndrome. Conclusion These data support an inverse association between vegetable fat and the risk of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo-Jin Um
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Won Oh
- Department of Family Medicine, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol-Min Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyuk-Tae Kwon
- Department of Family Medicine, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee-Kyung Joh
- Health Service Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Ju Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Joo Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Ahn
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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