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Tsui MC, Hsieh YT, Lai TT, Hsia Y, Wang SW, Ma IH, Hung KC, Lin CP, Yang CH, Yang CM, Ho TC. Vitreoretinal Interface Changes After Anti-vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment in Highly Myopic Eyes: A Real-World Study. Ophthalmol Ther 2023; 12:1693-1710. [PMID: 37004698 PMCID: PMC10164047 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-023-00701-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To investigate changes in the vitreoretinal interface after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment in highly myopic eyes. METHODS Eyes with myopic choroidal neovascularization (mCNV) treated with intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF in a single-center were retrospectively reviewed. Fundus abnormalities and features of optical computed tomography were studied. RESULTS A total of 295 eyes from 254 patients were recruited to the study. Prevalence of myopic macular retinoschisis (MRS) was 25.4%, and the rates of progression and onset of MRS were 75.9% and 16.2%, respectively. Outer retinal schisis (β = 8.586, p = 0.003) and lamellar macular hole (LMH) (β = 5.015, p = 0.043) at baseline were identified risk factors for progression and onset of MRS, whereas male sex (β = 9.000, p = 0.039) and outer retinal schisis at baseline (β = 5.250, p = 0.010) were risk factors for MRS progression. Progression of MRS was first detected in outer retinal layers in 48.3% of eyes. Thirteen eyes required surgical intervention. Spontaneous improvements of MRS were observed in five eyes (6.3%). CONCLUSION Changes in the vitreoretinal interface, such as progression, onset, and improvement of MRS, were observed after anti-VEGF treatment. Outer retinal schisis and LMH were risk factors of progression and onset of MRS after anti-VEGF treatment. Intravitreal injection of ranibizumab and retinal hemorrhage were protective factors for surgical intervention for vision-threatening MRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chi Tsui
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Zhongshan S. Rd., Zhongzheng District, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Hsieh
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Zhongshan S. Rd., Zhongzheng District, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tso-Ting Lai
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Zhongshan S. Rd., Zhongzheng District, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yun Hsia
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Zhongshan S. Rd., Zhongzheng District, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wen Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Zhongshan S. Rd., Zhongzheng District, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsin Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Zhongshan S. Rd., Zhongzheng District, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chi Hung
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Zhongshan S. Rd., Zhongzheng District, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan
- Universal Eye Clinic, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Pin Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Zhongshan S. Rd., Zhongzheng District, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hao Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Zhongshan S. Rd., Zhongzheng District, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-May Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Zhongshan S. Rd., Zhongzheng District, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzyy-Chang Ho
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Zhongshan S. Rd., Zhongzheng District, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan.
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Zheng D, Huang Z, Zeng Q, Wang Y, Chen S, Yi J, Fang D, Huang D, Chen W. Anatomical and visual outcomes of fovea-sparing internal limiting membrane peeling with or without inverted flap technique for myopic foveoschisis. BMC Ophthalmol 2022; 22:444. [PMID: 36401229 PMCID: PMC9675137 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-022-02679-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitrectomy and peeling of the internal limiting membrane (ILM) was an effective therapeutic approach for myopic foveoschisis with progressive visual loss. This study investigated the anatomical and visual outcomes of fovea-sparing ILM peeling with or without the inverted flap technique for patients with symptomatic myopic foveoschisis (MF). METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of patients with MF. Vitrectomy with fovea-sparing ILM peeling and air tamponade was performed in all patients. The primary outcome measures included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), mean macular thickness (MMT), and central foveal thickness (CFT). Depending on whether an inverted ILM flap technique was utilized, further subgroup comparisons between the inverted flap group and the non-inverted flap group were conducted. RESULTS Twenty-six eyes of 22 patients were included. Fifteen eyes were underwent fovea-sparing ILM peeling without inverted ILM flap and 11 of the 26 eyes were treated with fovea-sparing ILM peeling and an inverted ILM flap technique. In the mean follow-up period of 10.74 ± 4.58 months, a significant improvement in BCVA was observed from 0.97 ± 0.45 logMAR to 0.58 ± 0.51 logMAR (P < 0.01), during which the BCVA of 20 eyes (76.92%) improved and remained stable in 5 eyes (19.23%). Moreover, a positive correlation was also found between the preoperative BCVA and the postoperative BCVA (r = 0.50, P = 0.01). At the last visit, the final MMT decreased from 492.69 ± 209.62 μm to 234.73 ± 86.09 μm, and the CFT reduced from 296.08 ± 209.22 μm to 138.31 ± 73.92 μm (all P < 0.01). A subgroup analysis found no significant differences in BCVA, MMT, or CFT between the inverted and non-inverted flap groups (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Fovea-sparing ILM peeling with or without inverted flap technique resulted in favorable visual and anatomical outcomes for the treatment of MF. An important factor affecting the postoperative visual outcome was the preoperative visual acuity. Our study found no significant difference between the presence and absence of the inverted ILM flap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhi Zheng
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, 69# North Dongxia Road, Jinping District, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, P.R. China
| | - Zijing Huang
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, 69# North Dongxia Road, Jinping District, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, P.R. China
| | - Qin Zeng
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, 69# North Dongxia Road, Jinping District, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, P.R. China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, 69# North Dongxia Road, Jinping District, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, P.R. China
| | - Shirong Chen
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, 69# North Dongxia Road, Jinping District, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, P.R. China
| | - Jingsheng Yi
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, 69# North Dongxia Road, Jinping District, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, P.R. China
| | - Danqi Fang
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, 69# North Dongxia Road, Jinping District, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, P.R. China
| | - Dingguo Huang
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, 69# North Dongxia Road, Jinping District, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, P.R. China
| | - Weiqi Chen
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, 69# North Dongxia Road, Jinping District, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, P.R. China
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Non-vasogenic cystoid maculopathies. Prog Retin Eye Res 2022; 91:101092. [PMID: 35927124 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2022.101092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Besides cystoid macular edema due to a blood-retinal barrier breakdown, another type of macular cystoid spaces referred to as non-vasogenic cystoid maculopathies (NVCM) may be detected on optical coherence tomography but not on fluorescein angiography. Various causes may disrupt retinal cell cohesion or impair retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and Müller cell functions in the maintenance of retinal dehydration, resulting in cystoid spaces formation. Tractional causes include vitreomacular traction, epiretinal membranes and myopic foveoschisis. Surgical treatment does not always allow cystoid space resorption. In inherited retinal dystrophies, cystoid spaces may be part of the disease as in X-linked retinoschisis or enhanced S-cone syndrome, or occur occasionally as in bestrophinopathies, retinitis pigmentosa and allied diseases, congenital microphthalmia, choroideremia, gyrate atrophy and Bietti crystalline dystrophy. In macular telangiectasia type 2, cystoid spaces and cavitations do not depend on the fluid leakage from telangiectasia. Various causes affecting RPE function may result in NVCM such as chronic central serous chorioretinopathy and paraneoplastic syndromes. Non-exudative age macular degeneration may also be complicated by intraretinal cystoid spaces in the absence of fluorescein leakage. In these diseases, cystoid spaces occur in a context of retinal cell loss. Various causes of optic atrophy, including open-angle glaucoma, result in microcystoid spaces in the inner nuclear layer due to a retrograde transsynaptic degeneration. Lastly, drug toxicity may also induce cystoid maculopathy. Identifying NVCM on multimodal imaging, including fluorescein angiography if needed, allows guiding the diagnosis of the causative disease and choosing adequate treatment when available.
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Zhang J, Yu Y, Dai D, Liu W. Vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling and gas tamponade for myopic foveoschisis. BMC Ophthalmol 2022; 22:214. [PMID: 35549885 PMCID: PMC9097353 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-022-02376-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We evaluated the effect of vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and gas tamponade for myopic foveoschisis (MF), and analysed prognosis with different gas tamponade. Methods Retrospective, non-randomized study. The records of patients with MF treated by vitrectomy, were reviewed. Patients were followed up postoperatively mean 16.74 months, to record changes of Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central foveal thickness (CFT). Results Sixty-two eyes (59 patients) were analysed in total, with mean age of 55.29 ± 10.34 years, 49 females (83.1%). Foveoschisis completely resolved in all eyes at least 6 months post vitrectomy, except for two postoperative full-thickness macular holes (FTMH). Final BCVA improved significantly from 0.69 ± 0.39 to 0.44 ± 0.42 logMAR, and CFT from 502.47 ± 164.78 to 132.67 ± 52.26 μm. Patients were subdivided into three subgroups based on the different endotamponades used (C3F8, C2F6, and air). Baseline BCVA, baseline CFT and foveal detachment (FD) were not significantly different among the three groups. Eyes treated with air tamponade had better visual outcomes than eyes with C3F8 tamponade (P = 0.008). Baseline BCVA and FD were significant risk factors for postoperative BCVA (P < 0.001 and P = 0.013, respectively). Conclusions Vitrectomy with ILM peeling and gas tamponade results in good functional and anatomic outcomes in the treatment of most MF. Good vision and no-FD pre-surgery are related with good visual prognosis. Air tamponade can provide as good visual recovery as expansive gas, and reduce postoperative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Zhang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei, China
| | - Yanping Yu
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Dongshu Dai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Hebei, China
| | - Wu Liu
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, China. .,Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China.
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Feng J, Yu J, Chen Q, Zhou H, Chen F, Wang W, Xu X, Fan Y. Long-term surgical outcomes and prognostic factors of foveal detachment in pathologic myopia: based on the ATN classification. BMC Ophthalmol 2022; 22:175. [PMID: 35436918 PMCID: PMC9017033 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-022-02391-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the long-term surgical outcomes and prognostic factors of foveal detachment (FD) in pathological myopia. METHODS This retrospective observational study included 59 patients with FD (61 eyes) who underwent pars plana vitrectomy at Shanghai General Hospital between June 2017 and July 2018 with follow-up for at least 24 months. Comprehensive ophthalmic examinations, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and swept-source optical coherence tomography, were assessed. Preoperative myopic maculopathy was evaluated according to the ATN classification. RESULTS FD completely resolved in 59 of 61 eyes (96.7%). Mean duration of retinal reattachment was 12.10 ± 8.10 months. Mean logMAR BCVA improved from 1.34 ± 0.52 to 0.83 ± 0.43 at 24 months postoperatively (P < 0.001). Secondary macular hole occurred in 8 eyes (13.1%) with a mean period of 3.4 ± 4.1 weeks after primary surgery. In regression analyses, baseline myopic atrophy maculopathy (MAM) (B = 0.213, P = 0.005) and vitreomacular traction (VMT) (B = 0.292, P = 0.007) were adverse prognostic factors for postoperative BCVA. A more severe MAM revealed a delay in retinal reattachment (B = 5.670, P = 0.002). FD eyes with VMT (OR = 1.309, P = 0.003) or outer lamellar macular hole (O-LMH) (OR = 1.369, P < 0.001) were risk factors for postoperative secondary macular hole. CONCLUSIONS Vitrectomy was effective in the long-term for treating FD. Careful consideration is needed for those with VMT or O-LMH due to the high risk of secondary macular hole after vitrectomy. FD eyes with more severe MAM tended to have poorer postoperative BCVA and extended periods of retinal reattachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyang Feng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Disease, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayi Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuying Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Fenge Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijun Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xun Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Disease, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Disease, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China. .,, No.85 Wujin Road, 200080, Shanghai, China.
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Parolini B, Palmieri M, Finzi A, Besozzi G, Frisina R. Myopic Traction Maculopathy: A New Perspective on Classification and Management. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2021; 10:49-59. [PMID: 33481391 DOI: 10.1097/apo.0000000000000347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Myopic traction maculopathy (MTM) is a complex disease affecting approximately 30% of eyes with pathologic myopia. A review of the history of treatment of MTM with success rates and limitations of different surgical techniques are reported.The pathogenesis, the definition and the management were clarified in a recent study(cit). The MTM Staging System (MSS) table summarizes all the stages of MTM offering insights on the pathogenesis and natural evolution of the disease.Guidelines of management of MTM were therefore proposed, but customized for each stage.Initial stages 1a and 2a, which define maculoschisis in the inner or inner-outer or only outer layers of the retina, should be observed. Stages 3a and 4a, defining macular detachment with and without associated schisis, should be treated with a macular buckle (MB).Stage 1b, which is a lamellar macular hole in a myopic eye, should be treated with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) only in symptomatic cases. Stages 2b, 3b, and 4b should be treated with a MB and PPV should be added in a second step only if the presence of a lamellar macular hole requires intervention to improve visual function.Stage 1c, which is a full thickness macular hole in a myopic eye, should be treated with PPV. Stages 2c, 3c and 4c should be treated with a combination of simultaneous MB + PPV to treat both the retinal pattern of schisis or detachment and the full thickness macular hole.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alessandro Finzi
- Policlinico St. Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna Hospital of Bologna Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Polyclinic, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Rino Frisina
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Padova, Italy
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Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the functional and anatomical outcomes of 23-gauge or 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling and air tamponade for the treatment of myopic foveoschisis. METHODS Retrospective, noncomparative, interventional case series. The records of 29 patients (32 eyes), with myopic foveoschisis who were treated by 23-gauge or 25-gauge 3-port pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling and air tamponade, were reviewed. At each visit, a complete ophthalmic examination, intraocular pressure, best-corrected visual acuity, and central foveal thickness measured using optical coherence tomography were assessed. RESULTS Twenty-five eyes of 23 patients (M:F = 4:19) matched the inclusion criteria, whereas 7 eyes of 6 patients were excluded. The mean logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution best-corrected visual acuity (Snellen equivalent) was 0.62 (20/80) (SE: 0.061), and the mean preoperative central foveal thickness was 619.5 µm (SE: 16.38) at baseline. Visual acuity significantly improved of 5 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study letters (45 letters) at the 1-month follow-up (P < 0.001), 2 lines (50 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study letters) at the 6-month follow-up (P < 0.001), and it reached 55 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study letters at the 1-year follow-up visit (P < 0.001). Central foveal thickness decreased to 292.4 µm (SE: 15.93), to 227.3 µm (SE: 14.05), and to 208.8 µm (SE: 12.86), respectively, at the 1-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups (for each P < 0.001). There were no differences in best-corrected visual acuity or central foveal thickness changes between the foveal detachment group and the nonfoveal detachment group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Small-gauge vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling and air tamponade results in favorable anatomical and functional outcomes for patients affected by myopic macular foveoschisis.
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INTRAVITREAL GAS INJECTION WITH LASER PHOTOCOAGULATION FOR HIGHLY MYOPIC FOVEOSCHISIS: Technique and Outcome. Retina 2020; 39:1305-1311. [PMID: 29570581 PMCID: PMC6613723 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000002145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
This article documented the effects of intravitreal perfluoropropane (C3F8) injection combined with macular laser photocoagulation 1 week later for patients with highly myopic foveoschisis. This modified combined therapy can yield an acceptable success rate. Purpose: To evaluate the effects of gas tamponade combined with laser photocoagulation without vitrectomy in patients with highly myopic foveoschisis. Methods: This retrospective noncomparative case series included 30 eyes of 23 patients with highly myopic foveoschisis who were treated by intravitreal injection of 0.5 to 0.7 mL C3F8 combined with laser photocoagulation 1 week later, and remained in the face-down position for 3 weeks. The patients were followed up for at least 6 months after the treatment. The refractive status, best-corrected visual acuity, and anatomical parameters of retina observed with the optical coherence tomography before and after the treatment were recorded. Results: The mean age of the 23 patients (6 men and 17 women) was 50.4 ± 15.1 years. The average follow-up duration was 20.8 ± 20.6 months. At the final follow-up, 23 eyes (76.7%) completely (17 eyes) or partially (6 eyes) resolved. Seventeen eyes had complete data of optical coherence tomography parameters, the mean central foveal thickness decreased significantly from 505.24 ± 466.22 μm to 186.41 ± 95.36 μm (P = 0.01), and the mean maximal macular thickness from 687.88 ± 397.00 μm to 313.65 ± 83.07 μm (P = 0.001). The mean final logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution best-corrected visual acuity (Snellen equivalent) of the 30 eyes ranged from 1.6 (20/800) to 0.2 (20/32), showing a slight improvement from 0.91 ± 0.44 (20/163) preoperatively to 0.90 ± 0.39 (20/160) postoperatively (P = 0.87). Conclusion: C3F8 tamponade combined with laser photocoagulation could be an alternative treatment for highly myopic foveoschisis.
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Asano S, Asaoka R, Yamashita T, Aoki S, Matsuura M, Fujino Y, Murata H, Nakakura S, Nakao Y, Kiuchi Y. Visualizing the dynamic change of Ocular Response Analyzer waveform using Variational Autoencoder in association with the peripapillary retinal arteries angle. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6592. [PMID: 32313133 PMCID: PMC7170838 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63601-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study is to identify possible new Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) waveform parameters related to changes of retinal structure/deformation, as measured by the peripapillary retinal arteries angle (PRAA), using a generative deep learning method of variational autoencoder (VAE). Fifty-four eyes of 52 subjects were enrolled. The PRAA was calculated from fundus photographs and was used to train a VAE model. By analyzing the ORA waveform reconstructed (noise filtered) using VAE, a novel ORA waveform parameter (Monot1-2), was introduced, representing the change in monotonicity between the first and second applanation peak of the waveform. The variables mostly related to the PRAA were identified from a set of 41 variables including age, axial length (AL), keratometry, ORA corneal hysteresis, ORA corneal resistant factor, 35 well established ORA waveform parameters, and Monot1-2, using a model selection method based on the second-order bias-corrected Akaike information criterion. The optimal model for PRAA was the AL and six ORA waveform parameters, including Monot1-2. This optimal model was significantly better than the model without Monot1-2 (p = 0.0031, ANOVA). The current study suggested the value of a generative deep learning approach in discovering new useful parameters that may have clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Asano
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Ryo Asaoka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
- Seirei General Hospital, Shizuoka, 430-8558, Japan.
- Seirei Christopher University, Shizuoka, 433-8558, Japan.
| | - Takehiro Yamashita
- Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-0075, Japan
| | - Shuichiro Aoki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Masato Matsuura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yuri Fujino
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
- Seirei General Hospital, Shizuoka, 430-8558, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murata
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Nakakura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saneikai Tsukazaki Hospital, Hyogo, 671-1227, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nakao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 739-8511, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kiuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 739-8511, Japan
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Asano S, Asaoka R, Yamashita T, Aoki S, Matsuura M, Fujino Y, Murata H, Nakakura S, Nakao Y, Kiuchi Y. Correlation Between the Myopic Retinal Deformation and Corneal Biomechanical Characteristics Measured With the Corvis ST Tonometry. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2019; 8:26. [PMID: 31440423 PMCID: PMC6701875 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.8.4.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We previously reported that the retinal deformation due to myopia was represented by the peripapillary retinal arteries angle (PRAA). In this study, we investigated the relationship between the PRAA and biomechanical properties measured with Corvis ST (CST) tonometry. Methods Thirty-four normative eyes of 34 subjects who underwent CST measurement were enrolled. The PRAA was calculated from a fundus photograph. Variables related to the PRAA were identified from age, axial length, spherical equivalent refractive error, and 10 CST parameters using model selection with the second-order bias-corrected Akaike information criterion index. Results The PRAA was best described with axial length (coefficient = −5.66, P < 0.0001), maximum deflection amplitude (mm; coefficient = 130.5, P = 0.0004), and deflection amplitude ratio (DA ratio) 2 mm (coefficient = −25.8, P = 0.0032), where mm was the amount of the maximum corneal apex movement and DA ratio 2 mm was the ratio between the deformation amplitudes at the apex and 2 mm away from the apex. The optimal model was significantly better than the model only with axial length (P = 0.0014, analysis of variance). Conclusions The PRAA was significantly better described with the CST parameters compared to the axial length model only; eyes with small PRAA (larger myopic retinal deformation) showed narrow and shallow maximum corneal deflection. Translational Relevance The Corvis ST parameters, which represents corneal biomechanical characteristics, were associated with myopic retinal deformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Asano
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Asaoka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehiro Yamashita
- Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shuichiro Aoki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Sapporo City General Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Masato Matsuura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuri Fujino
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murata
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Nakakura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saneikai Tsukazaki Hospital, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nakao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kiuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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11
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Ma IH, Hsieh YT, Yeh PT, Yang CH, Yang CM. Long-term results and risk factors influencing outcome of gas tamponade for myopic foveoschisis with foveal detachment. Eye (Lond) 2019; 34:392-399. [PMID: 31406352 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-019-0555-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the long-term results of gas tamponade without vitrectomy in patients with myopic foveoschisis (FS) and foveal detachment (FD). METHODS Twenty eyes of 20 patients with myopic foveoschisis and foveal detachment were analysed retrospectively. All patients received an intravitreal injection of 0.2-0.3 mL C3F8 as an initial treatment. The patients were followed up for at least 18 months after the procedure. The refractive status, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and anatomical abnormalities in macular area before and after the treatment were assessed and recorded. RESULTS After initial gas tamponade, FD resolved completely (defined as responders) in 14 eyes, resolved partially in 2 eyes (defined as partial responders), and worsened in 4 eyes (non-responders) at the 3-month follow-up visit. Vitrectomy was performed in four eyes that showed increased detachment (two cases) or developed macular hole (two cases). Repeated gas injection was performed in two recurrent cases after initial success at the 3-month follow-up, and the foveal detachment once again resolved. Overall, 70% of our cases demonstrated resolution of FD at the 3-month follow-up and the long-term responders to gas injection was 65%. The risk factors for treatment failure were: (1) The presence of optical coherence tomography (OCT)-evident premacular membranes (p = 0.03) and (2) the height of FS measured >588 µm (p = 0.009). CONCLUSION Our data supported that gas tamponade may be effective as an alternative treatment for selected cases of myopic FS with FD. The procedure may be especially beneficial in patients without OCT-evident premacular membranes and have low height of FS.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Hsin Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Zhongzheng District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Hsieh
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Zhongzheng District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ting Yeh
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Zhongzheng District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Hao Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Zhongzheng District, Taipei, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 1, Ren-Ai Road, Zhongzheng District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-May Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Zhongzheng District, Taipei, Taiwan. .,College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 1, Ren-Ai Road, Zhongzheng District, Taipei, Taiwan.
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12
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Sborgia G, Boscia F, Niro A, Giancipoli E, D'Amico Ricci G, Sborgia A, Sborgia L, Recchimurzo N, Romano MR, Addabbo G, Alessio G. Morphologic and functional outcomes of different optical coherence tomography patterns of myopic foveoschisis after vitrectomy and inner limiting membrane peeling. Eye (Lond) 2019; 33:1768-1775. [PMID: 31209260 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-019-0490-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the morphologic and functional outcomes of different optical coherence tomography (OCT) patterns of myopic foveoschisis after vitrectomy with Inner Limiting Membrane (ILM) peeling. METHODS In this prospective non-randomised study, 62 consecutive eyes with Myopic Foveoschisis were categorised into three groups according to OCT pattern: retinoschisis type (Rt) Group (23/62), foveal detachment type (FDt) Group (20/62) and macular hole type (MHt) Group (19/62). All patients underwent 25-Gauge vitrectomy and ILM peeling. Air or gas tamponade was used. All patients were observed at month 1, 2, 4 and 6 after surgery. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES surgical success as resolution of myopic foveoschisis, central retinal thickness (CRT), IS/OS junction recovery and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) measurement. Any complication was reported. RESULTS In all eyes OCT showed a resolution of the retinoschisis, foveal detachment and macular hole pattern, respectively. CRT significantly decreased in all Groups (p < .001), mainly in MHt. IS/OS junction recovery was mainly observed in MHt. BCVA significantly increased in all Groups (p < .01). A functional gain ≥2 Snellen lines occurred in 70, 85 and 68% in the Rt, FDt and MHt Group, respectively. Final BCVA was correlated with preoperative BCVA (R 0.74, p < 0.0001), postoperative CRT (R -0.49, p < 0.0001), and the recovery of IS/OS junction at 6 months (R 0.76, p < 0.0001). Few postoperative complications occurred. CONCLUSIONS Vitrectomy with ILM peeling results in favourable anatomic and functional outcomes for different patterns of myopic foveoschisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Sborgia
- Department of Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, Eye Clinic, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Boscia
- Department of Surgical, Microsurgical and Medical Sciences, Eye Clinic, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alfredo Niro
- Eye Clinic, Hospital "S. G. MOSCATI", ASL TA, Taranto, Italy.
| | - Ermete Giancipoli
- Department of Surgical, Microsurgical and Medical Sciences, Eye Clinic, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe D'Amico Ricci
- Department of Surgical, Microsurgical and Medical Sciences, Eye Clinic, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sborgia
- Department of Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, Eye Clinic, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.,Eye Clinic, Hospital "S. G. MOSCATI", ASL TA, Taranto, Italy
| | - Luigi Sborgia
- Department of Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, Eye Clinic, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Recchimurzo
- Department of Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, Eye Clinic, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Mario R Romano
- Department of Ophthalmology, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Alessio
- Department of Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, Eye Clinic, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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13
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Dolar-Szczasny J, Święch-Zubilewicz A, Mackiewicz J. A Review of Current Myopic Foveoschisis Management Strategies. Semin Ophthalmol 2019; 34:146-156. [PMID: 31060414 DOI: 10.1080/08820538.2019.1610180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Myopic foveoschisis (MF) is common in highly myopic eyes with posterior staphyloma, and optical coherence tomography is essential for establishing the diagnosis and monitoring disease progression. Untreated MF may lead to significant visual loss due to secondary complications. Vitrectomy with or without internal limiting membrane peeling followed by gas tamponade is the standard treatment; however, in recent years, new techniques, including macular buckling, have been introduced. We selected a total of 41 articles with 30 describing various modifications of pars plana vitrectomy, six describing the macular buckling technique, and five reporting combined surgery. The present review describes current MF treatment strategies, including outcomes, and provides a comprehensive understanding of current therapeutic options. Early detection and surgical intervention in eyes with specific risk factors may contribute to both improved visual recovery and more favorable anatomical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Dolar-Szczasny
- a Department of Retina and Vitreous Surgery , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Anna Święch-Zubilewicz
- a Department of Retina and Vitreous Surgery , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Jerzy Mackiewicz
- a Department of Retina and Vitreous Surgery , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
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14
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Asano S, Asaoka R, Yamashita T, Aoki S, Matsuura M, Fujino Y, Murata H, Nakakura S, Nakao Y, Kiuchi Y. Relationship Between the Shift of the Retinal Artery Associated With Myopia and Ocular Response Analyzer Waveform Parameters. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2019; 8:15. [PMID: 31016069 PMCID: PMC6467091 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.8.2.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We have recently reported that the retinal stretch due to myopia is closely related to the peripapillary retinal arteries angle (PRAA) (Yamashita et al., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2013;54:5481-5488). The purpose of the current study was to investigate the relationship between retinal artery position and Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) waveform parameters. METHODS In 43 eyes of 41 healthy subjects, ORA measurements were carried out and the PRAA was calculated from fundus photographs. Then, the variables related to PRAA were identified from 40 variables of age, axial length (AL), keratometry, ORA corneal hysteresis (CH), ORA corneal resistant factor (CRF), and 35 ORA waveform parameters, using the Lasso regression and model selection with the second-order bias-corrected Akaike information criterion index. RESULTS The optimal model for PRAA included AL, CRF, and three ORA waveform parameters (aindex, w2, and slew1). This optimal model was significantly better than the model with AL-only, the model only with AL and CH, and the model only with AL and CRF (P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, respectively; analysis of variance). CONCLUSIONS The PRAA was significantly better represented by using AL and ORA parameters including waveform parameters, compared with AL alone, with AL and CH alone, and with AL and CRF alone. TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE ORA waveform, which represents corneal biomechanical properties, was associated with myopic retinal stretch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Asano
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Asaoka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehiro Yamashita
- Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shuichiro Aoki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Matsuura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuri Fujino
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murata
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Nakakura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saneikai Tsukazaki Hospital, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nakao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kiuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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15
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Laviers H, Li JPO, Grabowska A, Charles SJ, Charteris D, Haynes RJ, Laidlaw DAH, Steel DH, Yorston D, Williamson TH, Zambarakji H. The management of macular hole retinal detachment and macular retinoschisis in pathological myopia; a UK collaborative study. Eye (Lond) 2018; 32:1743-1751. [PMID: 30013156 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-018-0166-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To study UK practice patterns for the management of retinal detachment secondary to macular hole (MHRD) and macular retinoschisis (MRS) in pathological myopia (PM). To review the anatomical and visual outcomes of the surgically managed cases. METHODS A prospective observational case series for the management of MHRD was undertaken in association with the British Ophthalmological Surveillance Unit (BOSU). The results were combined with retrospective data, collected by the COllaboration of British RetinAl Surgeons (COBRA), on the management of both MHRD and MRS in PM in the UK. A total of 20 cases of MHRD and 53 cases of MRS (27 surgical cases and 26 cases managed conservatively) are reported in this combined study. RESULTS MHRD: Mean baseline best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 1.60 logMAR. All cases underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). Mean post-operative BCVA was 1.49 logMAR (p = 0.674). The macular hole was closed in 5/20 (25%) cases, open/flat in 10/20 (50%) cases and open/elevated in 4/20 cases (20%). MRS: Mean baseline BCVA was 0.87 logMAR in the surgical group and 0.45 logMAR in the conservatively managed group (p = 0.002). All eyes that had surgical intervention underwent PPV. Mean post-operative BCVA was 0.68 logMAR (p = 0.183). Anatomical outcomes demonstrated a persistent MRS in 2/27 (7.4%) cases, partial resolution in 7/27 (25.9%) cases and complete resolution in 16/27 (59.2%) cases. CONCLUSIONS PPV is the only surgical procedure performed for the management of MHRD and MRS amongst the study participants. Success rates and visual outcomes are limited for MHRD and consistent with the current literature for MRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Laviers
- The Eye Treatment Centre, Whipps Cross University Hospital, Barts Health NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Anna Grabowska
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Stephen J Charles
- Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Richard J Haynes
- Bristol Eye Hospital, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | | | - David H Steel
- Sunderland Eye Infirmary, NHS Trust, Sunderland, UK.,Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - David Yorston
- Tennent Institute of Ophthalmology, Gartnavel Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tom H Williamson
- Ophthalmology Department, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Hadi Zambarakji
- The Eye Treatment Centre, Whipps Cross University Hospital, Barts Health NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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16
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Yun LN, Xing YQ. Long-term outcome of highly myopic foveoschisis treated by vitrectomy with or without gas tamponade. Int J Ophthalmol 2017; 10:1392-1395. [PMID: 28944198 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2017.09.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling with or without gas tamponade for highly myopic foveoschisis. METHODS We performed an open-label, observer-blinded clinical trial of 85 patients with myopic foveoschisis between 2000 and 2012. Patients were randomly allocated to one of two groups, those who received vitrectomy and ILM peeling without gas tamponade (no-gas group) or those who with gas tamponade (gas group) and follow up at least 5y. RESULTS Visual acuity of gas group improved from 0.82±0.33 to 0.79±0.73 in 6mo, improved to 0.71±0.67 in 1y and within this range in the following 4y. Visual acuity of no-gas group improved from 0.81±0.46 to 0.78±0.66 in 6mo, improved to 0.70±0.65 in 1y. The finial visual acuity of two groups were significantly increased compared with the baseline (P<0.05). The visual acuity was improved in 35 of 40 eyes (87.5%) in gas group and 29 of 33 eyes (87.9%) in no-gas group, while there were no significant differences between gas group and no-gas group in the visual acuity. The foveoschisis on optical coherence tomography (OCT) completely resolved in 5 of 40 eyes in 1mo, 14 eyes in 6mo and 40 eyes in 1y in the gas group. While the foveoschisis completely resolved in 4 of 33 eyes in 1mo, 10 eyes in 6mo and 33 eyes in 1y in the no-gas group. CONCLUSION Vitrectomy and ILM peeling without gas tamponade appears to be as effective in the treatment of myopic foveoschisis as vitrectomy and ILM with gas tamponade. However, eyes treated with no-gas tamponade showed more rapid resolution of myopic foveoschisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Yun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yi-Qiao Xing
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
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17
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Meng B, Zhao L, Yin Y, Li H, Wang X, Yang X, You R, Wang J, Zhang Y, Wang H, Du R, Wang N, Zhan S, Wang Y. Internal limiting membrane peeling and gas tamponade for myopic foveoschisis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Ophthalmol 2017; 17:166. [PMID: 28886700 PMCID: PMC5591565 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-017-0562-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myopic foveoschisis (MF) is among the leading causes of visual loss in high myopia. However, it remains controversial whether internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling or gas tamponade is necessary treatment option for MF. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, CBM, CNKI, WANFANG DATA and VIP databases were systematically reviewed. Outcome indicators were myopic foveoschisis resolution rate, visual acuity improvement and postoperative complications. Results Nine studies that included 239 eyes were selected. The proportion of resolution of foveoschisis was higher in ILM peeling group than non-ILM peeling group (OR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.06–4.35; P = 0.03). The proportion of postoperative complications was higher in Tamponade group than non-Tamponade group (OR = 10.81, 95% CI: 1.26–93.02; P = 0.03). However, the proportion of visual acuity improvement (OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 0.56–4.80; P = 0.37) between ILM peeling group and non-ILM peeling group and the proportion of resolution of foveoschisis (OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 0.76–4.28; P = 0.18) between Tamponade group and non-Tamponade group were similar. Conclusions Vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling could contribute to better resolution of myopic foveoschisis than non-peeling, however it does not significantly influence the proportion of visual acuity improvement and postoperative complications. Vitrectomy with gas tamponade is associated with more complications than non-tamponade and does not significantly influence the proportion of visual acuity improvement and resolution of myopic foveoschisis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12886-017-0562-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Meng
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong-an Road., Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong-an Road., Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yi Yin
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong-an Road., Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hongyang Li
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong-an Road., Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong-an Road., Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiufen Yang
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong-an Road., Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ran You
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong-an Road., Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jialin Wang
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong-an Road., Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Youjing Zhang
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong-an Road., Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong-an Road., Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ran Du
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong-an Road., Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ningli Wang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Siyan Zhan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Wang
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, 95 Yong-an Road., Xi-Cheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
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18
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Abstract
The incidence of myopia is constantly on the rise. Patients of high myopia and pathological myopia are young and can lose vision due to a number of degenerative changes occurring at the macula. With the emergence of new technologies such as swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography, our understanding of macular pathology in myopia has improved significantly. New conditions such as myopic traction maculopathy have been defined. Early, noninvasive detection of myopic choroidal neovascularization and its differentiation from lacquer cracks is possible with a greater degree of certainty. We discuss the impact of these new exciting and promising technologies and management of macular pathology in myopia. Incorporation of OCT in the microscope has also improved macular surgery. New concepts such as fovea-sparing internal limiting membrane peeling have emerged. A review of literature and our experience in managing all these conditions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Kumar
- Vitreo-Retina and Uveitis Service, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rohan Chawla
- Vitreo-Retina and Uveitis Service, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devesh Kumawat
- Vitreo-Retina and Uveitis Service, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ganesh Pillay
- Vitreo-Retina and Uveitis Service, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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19
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Abstract
PURPOSE To report the retinal phenotype of a rare case of long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD)/trifunctional protein (TFP) deficiency diagnosed in his late 40s with ocular findings of diffuse chorioretinal atrophy and bilateral retinoschisis. METHODS An acylcarnitine profile assay revealed LCHAD/TFP deficiency in a 45-year-old man with a history of high myopia, bilateral decreased vision, episodic rhabdomyolysis, and peripheral neuropathy. Ocular findings were evaluated with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (Spectralis OCT; Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) and color fundus photography. RESULTS Spectral domain optical coherence tomography revealed severe bilateral macular retinoschisis. Subretinal fibrosis was noted in the left temporal macula with an associated lamellar macular hole. Fundus photographs demonstrated diffuse, symmetric chorioretinal atrophy characteristic of end-stage retinopathy, as previously reported in younger patients. Myopic staphylomas were evident in the posterior pole of both eyes. A trial of topical dorzolamide for 3 months resulted in no change in the retinal profile. CONCLUSION We report the retinal phenotype of a patient with LCHAD/TFP deficiency diagnosed later in life. To date, this is the oldest patient reported with LCHAD/TFP-associated retinopathy. Macular retinoschisis may represent a feature of the end-stage retinopathy due to the progressive myopia. The diagnosis of LCHAD/TFP deficiency should be considered in adult patients with a history rhabdomyolysis, neuropathy, and retinopathy, as they would not have undergone routine newborn screening before the late 90s.
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20
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Zhang T, Zhu Y, Jiang CH, Xu GZ. Long-term follow-up of vitrectomy in patients with pathologic myopic foveoschisis. Int J Ophthalmol 2017; 10:277-284. [PMID: 28251089 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2017.02.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To report the long-term surgical outcomes of pathologic myopic foveoschisis (MF) following vitrectomy. METHODS We performed a retrospective case series analysis of 50 consecutive patients diagnosed with MF who experienced vision loss due to progression of foveoschisis. The 50 patients (67 eyes) were treated in our hospital with vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling from December 2004 to September 2010. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refractive error, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and routine examination results were analysed. The changes of BCVA, foveal anatomical features on OCT scan, and complications were the main outcome measures. RESULTS The mean follow-up duration was 42±17mo (range 24 to 93mo). BCVA improved significantly postoperatively (0.76±0.65 logMAR) compared with preoperative baselines (1.31±0.78 logMAR, P<0.0001), and in 53 eyes (79%) including 3 lines gain in 44 eyes (66%) at the last follow-up visit. OCT scans showed that central retinal thickness decreased from 580.0±270.0 µm preoperatively (n=67) to 179.7±84.7 µm postoperatively (n=58, P<0.0001). Total resolution of foveoschisis occurred in 41 eyes (61%). Preoperative BCVA correlated well with postoperative BCVA, whereas other factors such as age, axial length, and refractive error were not correlated. The most common complications were cataract and full-thickness macular hole formation in 14 and 9 cases, respectively. CONCLUSION Patients with progressive vision loss due to MF who were treated with vitrectomy with ILM peeling show favourable outcomes. In most eyes, visual acuity and foveal structure remain stable during long-term observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Chun-Hui Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ge-Zhi Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
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VITRECTOMY WITHOUT INNER LIMITING MEMBRANE PEELING FOR MACULAR RETINOSCHISIS IN HIGHLY MYOPIC EYES. Retina 2016; 36:953-6. [PMID: 26529553 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000000826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine if it is necessary to peel inner limiting membrane during vitrectomy for macular retinoschisis in highly myopic eyes. METHODS This retrospective noncomparative interventional case series included 112 eyes of 84 patients with myopic foveoschisis who were treated by 23-gauge 3-port pars plana vitrectomy. During vitrectomy, triamcinolone acetonide was injected into the vitreous cavity to visualize the vitreous. The inner limiting membrane was not peeled, but the posterior hyaloid membrane was removed from the macular surface with active suction or a flute needle. A fluid-gas exchange was carried out using 16% perfluoropropane gas. RESULTS A total of 106 eyes (95%) exhibited collapse of the foveoschismatic intermediary zone after surgery. Best-corrected visual acuity at baseline and at the end of the follow-up did not differ significantly (1.06 ± 0.74 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution versus 0.92 ± 0.56 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution, P = 0.18). An improvement in best-corrected visual acuity of greater than 2 lines was achieved in 84 eyes (75%). A macular hole with retinal detachment was found in 6 eyes (5%) 1 to 8 months after surgery. Intraoperatively, all 112 eyes exhibited vitreous liquefaction. The posterior hyaloid membranes were tightly adherent to the posterior retinal surface and vessels except for 1 eye that had a complete posterior vitreous detachment. There were no or only a very small amount of triamcinolone acetonide particles attached to the surface of posterior retina in 38 eyes, which seemed that a completely posterior vitreous detachment had happened. But these membranes on the surface of the posterior retina can be removed easily, which indicated these membranes were posterior hyaloid membranes instead of internal limiting membranes. CONCLUSION In the treatment of macular retinoschisis in highly myopic eyes, vitrectomy associated with posterior hyaloid membranes peeling may achieve successful anatomical results. Internal limiting membrane peeling seems unnecessary.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To explore the clinical utility of intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT) for the management of vitreoretinal conditions. RECENT FINDINGS The role of iOCT in guiding surgical decision-making and surgical manipulations during vitreoretinal procedures has been evaluated by multiple studies. This imaging modality is emerging as a valuable asset during procedures for vitreoretinal interface disorders, retinal detachments, submacular surgeries and therapeutics, and in pediatric conditions such as retinopathy of prematurity. iOCT allows the surgeon to assess completion of surgical goals and to directly monitor the architectural impact of instrument-tissue interactions that may correlate with eventual prognosis. The technology has gone through numerous iterations with the eventual goal being the development of a user-friendly, efficient, and integrated system that provides surgeons with 'real-time' feedback during ophthalmic surgeries to allow for a comprehensive image-assisted vitreoretinal surgery platform. SUMMARY The role of iOCT in ophthalmic surgery has been evolving with the help of ongoing research to define its utility in the operating room and to develop integrative technologies. Advancements in OCT-friendly surgical instrumentation and in integrative capabilities of this technology may help achieve more widespread adoption of this technology in the vitreoretinal surgical theater. Although the evidence appears clear that this technology impacts surgical decision-making, additional research is needed. However, further research is needed to determine the influence of this technology on overall patient outcomes.
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RISK FACTORS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF MACULAR HOLE RETINAL DETACHMENT AFTER PARS PLANA VITRECTOMY FOR PATHOLOGIC MYOPIC FOVEOSCHISIS. Retina 2016; 37:1049-1054. [PMID: 27652914 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000001322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the risk factors for the development of macular hole retinal detachment (MHRD) after vitrectomy without internal limiting membrane peeling for pathologic MF. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the records of 131 eyes (115 patients) treated with vitrectomy for pathologic MF from 2009 to 2014. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refractive error, axial length, and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography findings were analyzed. RESULTS Postoperative MHRD developed in 7 eyes (5.3%). Between patients with or without secondary MHRD after vitrectomy, there were no significant differences in age, sex, axial length, preoperative BCVA, refractive error, lens status, and presence of posterior staphyloma. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography showed all 7 eyes (100%) had foveal detachment, while only 47 patients (37.9%) of 124 eyes had foveal detachment (P = 0.004). There was no significant difference between preoperative and postoperative BCVA in the 7 eyes with MHRD. The postoperative BCVA in the 124 eyes without MHRD was significantly improved (P < 0.001). Among the 124 eyes, both preoperative and postoperative BCVA of eyes with foveal detachment was worse than the eyes without foveal detachment (P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION Preoperative foveal detachment is a risk factor for the development of MHRD after vitrectomy for pathologic MF.
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Abstract
Pathologic myopia (PM) is one of the leading causes of visual impairment worldwide. The pathophysiology of PM is not fully understood, but the axial elongation of the eye followed by chorioretinal thinning is suggested as a key mechanism. Pathologic myopia may lead to many complications such as chorioretinal atrophy, foveoschisis, choroidal neovascularization, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, cataract, and glaucoma. Some complications affect visual acuity significantly, showing poor visual prognosis. This article aims to review the types, pathophysiology, treatment, and visual outcome of the complications of PM.
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Ohno-Matsui K, Lai TY, Lai CC, Cheung CMG. Updates of pathologic myopia. Prog Retin Eye Res 2016; 52:156-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Lai TT, Ho TC, Yang CM. Spontaneous resolution of foveal detachment in traction maculopathy in high myopia unrelated to posterior vitreous detachment. BMC Ophthalmol 2016; 16:18. [PMID: 26868376 PMCID: PMC4751724 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-016-0195-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Foveal detachment associated with foveoschisis usually takes a progressive course, and is associated with a poor visual outcome. The purpose of this study was to report the spontaneous resolution of foveal detachment in patients with myopic traction maculopathy without posterior vitreous detachment. METHODS A retrospective study involving eight cases of high myopia with foveoschisis and foveal detachment in which the subfoveal fluid had spontaneously resolved. The clinical characteristics and optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings were described. RESULTS All cases involved predominant schisis in the outer retina, with six showing internal limiting membrane detachment. The average central foveal thickness was 445.1 μm, and the average foveal detachment height was 271.5 μm. None of the cases involved traction of the vitreomacular interface or posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), either before or after the resolution of foveal detachment. In seven cases, the mean best-corrected visual acuity improved after foveal reattachment. CONCLUSIONS Spontaneous reattachment not associated with PVD can occur in cases of high myopic traction maculopathy, especially in those without obvious vitreomacular traction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tso-Ting Lai
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chun-Shan S. Rd., Taipei City, 100, Taiwan
| | - Tzyy-Chang Ho
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chun-Shan S. Rd., Taipei City, 100, Taiwan
| | - Chung-May Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chun-Shan S. Rd., Taipei City, 100, Taiwan. .,College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1 Jen-Ai Rd. Sec. 1, Taipei City, 100, Taiwan.
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Myopic foveoschisis: a clinical review. Eye (Lond) 2015; 29:593-601. [PMID: 25744445 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2014.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
To review the literature on epidemiology, clinical features, diagnostic imaging, natural history, management, therapeutic approaches, and prognosis of myopic foveoschisis. A systematic Pubmed search was conducted using search terms: myopia, myopic, staphyloma, foveoschisis, and myopic foveoschisis. The evidence base for each section was organised and reviewed. Where possible an authors' interpretation or conclusion is provided for each section. The term myopic foveoschisis was first coined in 1999. It is associated with posterior staphyloma in high myopia, and is often asymptomatic initially but progresses slowly, leading to loss of central vision from foveal detachment or macular hole formation. Optical coherence tomography is used to diagnose the splitting of the neural retina into a thicker inner layer and a thinner outer layer, but compound variants of the splits have been identified. Vitrectomy with an internal limiting membrane peel and gas tamponade is the preferred approach for eyes with vision decline. There has been a surge of new information on myopic foveoschisis. Advances in optical coherence tomography will continually improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of retinal splitting, and the mechanisms that lead to macular damage and visual loss. Currently, there is a good level of consensus that surgical intervention should be considered when there is progressive visual decline from myopic foveoschisis.
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Late recurrence of myopic foveoschisis after successful repair with primary vitrectomy and incomplete membrane peeling. Retina 2015; 34:1841-7. [PMID: 24743643 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000000156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report three cases of late recurrence of myopic foveoschisis (MF) after initial successful repair with pars plana vitrectomy and membrane peeling to assess the importance of internal limiting membrane peeling. METHODS A retrospective noncomparative case series was performed of patients who underwent a primary pars plana vitrectomy by a single surgeon with successful resolution of MF, but eventually underwent repeat pars plana vitrectomy for recurrent MF. Best-corrected visual acuity, fundus photography, and optical coherence tomography were obtained at each examination. RESULTS Three eyes of three patients underwent pars plana vitrectomy for recurrent MF. Myopic foveoschisis recurrence occurred 6, 3.5, and 12 years after the primary vitrectomy, respectively. Repeat vitrectomy with staining and additional peeling of the internal limiting membrane resulted in good anatomical outcome and stabilization of visual acuity in all cases. CONCLUSION Late recurrence of MF after successful primary vitrectomy is described. Fibrocellular proliferation on residual cortical vitreous or incomplete internal limiting membrane peeling during the initial vitrectomy may underlie recurrence.
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Vitreous tamponades in highly myopic eyes. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:420380. [PMID: 24991550 PMCID: PMC4060290 DOI: 10.1155/2014/420380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The use of endotamponade agents has gained a major role in the management of macular complications of high myopia. Myopic foveoschisis and macular hole are the main macular complication of pathologic myopia, this growing condition that is a main cause of visual loss, especially in patients at a younger age. We discuss the physical properties and advantages and disadvantages of the main ocular tamponade agents used in the treatment of these diseases.
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Maalej A, Wathek C, Khallouli A, Rannen R, Gabsi S. [Foveoschisis in highly myopic eyes: clinical and tomographic features]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2014; 37:42-6. [PMID: 24588030 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2013.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Foveoschisis is a rare condition in highly myopic eyes, characterized by intra-retinal cleavage associated with abnormalities of the vitreous cortex and occasionally cortical retraction. The natural history of foveoschisis is unpredictable. The functional prognosis is often favorable after surgical treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS We report 7 cases of macular retinoschisis in highly myopic eyes. We describe the optical coherence tomographic features as well as associated signs. The correlation with visual acuity was assessed. RESULTS Foveoschisis was undetected on clinical exam and visualized only on optical coherence tomography (OCT) in 4 cases. Mean central foveal thickness was 540 , mean visual acuity was 1/10—P10. The thicker the macula was, the worse was the visual acuity. The presenceor absence of serous retinal detachment did not affect visual acuity, whereas an epiretinal membrane or retraction of the vitreous cortex appeared to induce visual loss. CONCLUSION OCT has been demonstrated to be particularly useful for the diagnosis of visual loss in the high myope, notably in the case of foveoschisis. Anatomic-functional correlations in high myopic foveoschisis are not yet well clarified. Posterior pole retinal detachment and macular hole are the most serious complications.
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Rey A, Jürgens I, Maseras X, Carbajal M. Natural course and surgical management of high myopic foveoschisis. Ophthalmologica 2013; 231:45-50. [PMID: 24246446 DOI: 10.1159/000355324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the spectral-domain optical coherence tomographic characteristics, natural course and surgical management for eyes with myopic foveoschisis. METHODS The medical records of 39 consecutive patients (56 eyes) with myopic foveoschisis were retrospectively reviewed. Pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling and Brilliant Blue G staining was performed on 16 symptomatic eyes (14 patients). RESULTS Optical coherence tomography at baseline showed an isolated foveoschisis in 62.5%, foveal detachment in 21.4%, and a lamellar hole in 16.1% of the eyes. After a mean follow-up period of 15.7 months, 1.8% of the eyes developed a full-thickness macular hole and 28.5% of the eyes required surgery. The mean preoperative visual acuity (VA) was 20/63 and the mean central retinal thickness (CRT) was 507.6 µm. The mean postoperative VA was 20/40 and the mean CRT 282.9 µm. Anatomical success was achieved in 75% of the eyes at a mean of 3.3 months after surgery, and 81.2% of the eyes had an improvement of 2 lines of VA. CONCLUSION Myopic foveoschisis remained stable in most eyes; however, 28.5% of the eyes had decreases in VA secondary to progression of the foveoschisis and required surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Rey
- Institut Català de Retina (ICR), Barcelona, Spain
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Surgical outcomes of macular buckling techniques for macular retinoschisis in highly myopic eyes. Saudi J Ophthalmol 2013; 27:235-9. [PMID: 24409086 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjopt.2013.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the anatomic and visual results following macular buckling for patients with macular retinoschisis related to high myopia. METHODS Thirty-nine highly myopic eyes (mean refractive error -16.7 D; range, -9 to -24 D) of 36 patients (mean age 59 years; range, 35-79 years) presenting with macular retinoschisis associated with a posterior staphyloma, who underwent combined vitrectomy and macular buckling were evaluated. Main outcome measures included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings. Three cases were excluded due to short follow-up (less than 3 months). The mean follow-up was 16 months. RESULTS The mean BCVA increased from 0.76 to 0.43 LogMAR (p = 0.001). Visual acuity improved in 30 eyes (83.3%), remained stable in three eyes (8.3%) and decreased in three eyes (8.3%). OCT showed resolution of foveoschisis with foveal reattachment in all eyes. None of the evaluated patients developed a macular hole during follow-up. CONCLUSION Macular buckling associated with vitrectomy results in good anatomic and visual outcomes in patients with myopic foveoschisis.
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Wu TY, Yang CH, Yang CM. Gas tamponade for myopic foveoschisis with foveal detachment. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2012; 251:1319-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s00417-012-2192-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Revised: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Lim SJ, Kwon YH, Kim SH, You YS, Kwon OW. Vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane peeling without gas tamponade for myopic foveoschisis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2012; 250:1573-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00417-012-1983-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2011] [Revised: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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VISUAL PROGNOSIS AND SPECTRAL-DOMAIN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY FINDINGS OF MYOPIC FOVEOSCHISIS SURGERY USING 25-GAUGE TRANSCONJUNCTIVAL SUTURELESS VITRECTOMY. Retina 2012; 32:486-92. [DOI: 10.1097/iae.0b013e31822058d1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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VanderBeek BL, Johnson MW. The diversity of traction mechanisms in myopic traction maculopathy. Am J Ophthalmol 2012; 153:93-102. [PMID: 21907964 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2011.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2011] [Revised: 06/11/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the major traction mechanisms that cause myopic traction maculopathy and to determine whether surgery can be tailored successfully to the specific mechanism involved. DESIGN Nonrandomized, retrospective, interventional case series. METHODS We performed a chart review of consecutive patients who underwent vitreoretinal surgery for myopic traction maculopathy by a single surgeon at a tertiary referral center. Traction mechanisms were identified based on preoperative and intraoperative findings and postoperative response to a tailored surgical approach. RESULTS Six eyes of 6 patients with a minimum follow-up of 6 months were included. Major pathogenic traction mechanisms included perifoveal posterior vitreous detachment with vitreomacular traction in 3 eyes, noncompliance of native internal limiting membrane in 2 eyes, epiretinal membrane in 1 eye, and remnant cortical vitreous layer after posterior vitreous detachment in 1 eye. One eye exhibited 2 traction mechanisms. The surgical approach addressed only the major traction mechanism(s) identified in each eye. After surgery, the visual acuity improved by 2 lines or more in all eyes, and macular thickening resolved completely in 5 (83%) of 6 eyes and partially in the remaining eye. CONCLUSIONS The traction mechanisms causing myopic traction maculopathy are diverse. Vitreoretinal surgical repair for this condition is successful when the major traction mechanisms causing tautness of the inner retina are identified and relieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian L VanderBeek
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, USA
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Michalewska Z. Non-full-thickness macular holes: a closer look. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2011; 43:152-61. [PMID: 22165865 DOI: 10.3928/15428877-20111208-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2011] [Accepted: 10/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Lamellar macular holes and macular pseudoholes are non-full-thickness defects of retinal tissue involving the anatomic fovea, thereby affecting central visual acuity. Non-full-thickness macular holes have been associated with myriad ocular conditions. Originally, lamellar macular holes were described as secondary to diabetic macular edema and macular pseudoholes as idiopathic. The pathogenesis of secondary non-full-thickness macular defects was recently confirmed by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. These may be mistaken for macular hole lesions, despite careful clinical examination. Careful biomicroscopic examination with a contact lens and optical coherence tomography help to ensure accurate diagnosis. Surgical management with or without air or gas tamponade improves visual acuity and foveal morphology in most eyes.
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VITRECTOMY AND INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE PEELING WITH PERFLUOROPROPANE TAMPONADE OR BALANCED SALINE SOLUTION FOR MYOPIC FOVEOSCHISIS. Retina 2011; 31:692-701. [DOI: 10.1097/iae.0b013e3181f84fc1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Vitrectomy associated with internal limiting membrane peeling remains a very challenging procedure with variable outcomes. Retina 2011; 31:428-9; autor reply 429-30. [PMID: 21240038 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0b013e318203c1d9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sun CB, Xue AQ, Yao K. Is posterior scleral reinforcement sufficient for the treatment of myopic foveoschisis? Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2010; 38:429-30; author reply 430. [PMID: 20642591 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-9071.2010.02287_1.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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