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Hsueh CM, Tsai CH, Huang JC, Lee SH, Wang TJ, Guo SP. One-year experience with latanoprostene bunod ophthalmic solution 0.024% in clinical practice: A retrospective observational study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0307132. [PMID: 39173013 PMCID: PMC11341023 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated the IOP-lowering efficacy and safety of latanoprostene bunod (LBN) ophthalmic solution 0.024% (Vyzulta®), the first topical nitric oxide-donating prostaglandin analog (PGA), in clinical practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective medical chart review from July 2021 to July 2023 of patients with open-angle glaucoma receiving LBN with at least 1 year follow-up was conducted. All included patients received LBN 0.024% as a replacement for a PGA, with examinations at 1-, 3-, 6-and 12-months follow-up. Main outcome measures were IOP, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, visual fields before/after LBN use and adverse effects. Subgroup analysis with glaucoma types and PGA use were performed for additional IOP reduction after LBN use. RESULTS Among 78 included patients, 47 patients (81 eyes), 60% with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) remained on LBN throughout 12-month follow-up. Baseline IOP was 18.2±4.2 mm Hg, and Prostaglandin analog (PGA)-IOP was 14.4 ± 3.0 mm Hg (21% mean IOP reduction). After switched to LBN, mean additional IOP reduction was 1.0 mm Hg at month 1, and the greatest reduction was 1.6 mm Hg (8.8% additional mean IOP reduction) at month 12 (P<0.0001). Subgroup analysis (NTG, 73%) showed that mean additional IOP reduction at month 12 was 1.3±2.0 mm Hg in NTG group and 2.1±3.2 mm Hg in POAG group (7.7% vs. 8.7% additional IOP reduction rates, P = 0.23). Subgroup analysis of PGA use at month 12 was 1.8±2.3 mm Hg in tafluoprost group and 0.5±1.7 mm Hg in travoprost group (9.5% vs.2.6% additional IOP reduction rates, P = 0.02). Tolerable ocular adverse effects included irritation (n = 16, 19.8%), mild conjunctival hyperemia (n = 11, 13.6%), dark circles (n = 4, 4.9%) and blurred vision (n = 2, 2.5%). There were no significant visual field and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness changes after 12 months of treatment with LBN 0.024%. CONCLUSIONS Although high intolerable adverse effects including conjunctival hyperemia and eye irritation happened in the first month, remaining sixty percent of patients exhibited statistically significant additional IOP reductions in the replacement of other PGAs during 12 months of clinical use of LBN 0.024%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Mei Hsueh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsin Tsai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jou-Chen Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Si-Huei Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jen Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Siao-Pei Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Baiyasi M, St Claire K, Hengy M, Tur K, Fahs F, Potts G. Eyelash serums: A comprehensive review. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024; 23:2328-2344. [PMID: 38475901 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eyelash serums, both prescription and over-the-counter, are gaining popularity for enhancing the appearance of eyelashes through various biologically active molecules. Categorized into prostaglandin analogs and non-prostaglandin analogs, these serums claim increased strength, length, luster, and thickness. Current United States law also requires no efficacy or safety assessments by the Food and Drug Administration before approving products for consumer use, potentially posing health risks for patients seeking over-the-counter eyelash enhancements. AIMS Our aims include exploring proposed benefits and adverse effects associated with eyelash serums, while providing evidence-based clinical recommendations on their use. We aim to contribute valuable insights to the understanding of eyelash serums and their respective safety considerations. METHODS The authors conducted a comprehensive electronic search across databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central, and Google Scholar to evaluate eyelash serum ingredients. Articles were evaluated by two independent researchers for relevance, and the ingredients discussed were analyzed and given clinical recommendations for eyelash serums based off the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. RESULTS Results highlight bimatoprost's efficacy, supported by numerous studies evaluating safety and adverse effects. Other prostaglandin ingredients show potential benefits, but further studies are encouraged to enhance the understanding of respective safety profiles. While non-prostaglandins ingredients show promising data, more studies are needed due to a lack of formal evidence in eyelash serum use. CONCLUSION As the cosmeceutical market for eyelash serums is growing, dermatologists need to be knowledgeable about evidence-based information regarding prescription and over-the-counter eyelash serum products before making recommendations to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Baiyasi
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Kayla St Claire
- Department of Dermatology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Meredith Hengy
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Komal Tur
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Fatima Fahs
- Department of Dermatology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Geoffrey Potts
- Department of Dermatology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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Inoue K, Shiokawa M, Kunimatsu-Sanuki S, Kang J, Uraki T, Tomita G, Ishida K. Three-year efficacy and safety of omidenepag isopropyl in patients with normal tension glaucoma. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2024; 68:206-210. [PMID: 38587788 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-024-01052-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To retrospectively evaluate the 3-year efficacy and safety of single-agent omidenepag isopropyl in patients with normal tension glaucoma (NTG). STUDY DESIGN Retrospective. METHODS One hundred patients (100 eyes) who had newly been administered omidenepag isopropyl were enrolled in this study. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was compared at baseline and 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months after administration. The mean deviation values at baseline and 12, 24, and 36 months measured using the Humphrey visual field test (30-2 Swedish Interactive Threshold Algorithm standard) were compared. Adverse reactions and dropouts were assessed. RESULTS IOP significantly decreased from 15.5±2.7 mmHg at baseline to 13.8 ±2.3 mmHg after 6 months, 13.9± 2.3 mmHg after 12 months, 13.9±2.3 mmHg after 18 months, 13.8±2.1 mmHg after 24 months, 13.9±2.0 mmHg after 30 months, and 13.6±1.7 mmHg after 36 months (P < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in the mean deviation values at baseline (-3.66±3.49 dB), 12 months (-3.41±3.80 dB), 24 months (-3.13±3.81 dB), and 36 months (-3.06±3.30 dB). Adverse reactions occurred in 11 patients (11.0%), including conjunctival hyperemia in 6 patients. Fifty-two patients (52.0%) were excluded from the analysis because they discontinued treatment either due to IOP measurement by NCT or the use of additional drugs. CONCLUSION After the administration of omidenepag isopropyl, IOP in patients with NTG decreased within 3 years, visual fields were maintained, and safety was satisfactory. Thus, omidenepag isopropyl can be used as the first-line treatment for patients with NTG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Inoue
- Inouye Eye Hospital, 4-3 Kanda-surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan.
| | - Minako Shiokawa
- Inouye Eye Hospital, 4-3 Kanda-surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan
| | | | - Jungshin Kang
- Omiya Inouye Eye Clinic, 1-8-1 Sakuragi-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, 330-0854, Japan
| | - Takehiko Uraki
- Sapporo Inouye Eye Clinic, 1-1 Minami, 1-jonishi Chuo-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido, 060-0061, Japan
| | - Goji Tomita
- Inouye Eye Hospital, 4-3 Kanda-surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, 2-22-36 Ohashi, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8515, Japan
| | - Kyoko Ishida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, 2-22-36 Ohashi, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8515, Japan
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Zeppieri M, Gagliano C, Spadea L, Salati C, Chukwuyem EC, Enaholo ES, D’Esposito F, Musa M. From Eye Care to Hair Growth: Bimatoprost. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:561. [PMID: 38794131 PMCID: PMC11124470 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bimatoprost has emerged as a significant medication in the field of medicine over the past several decades, with diverse applications in ophthalmology, dermatology, and beyond. Originally developed as an ocular hypotensive agent, it has proven highly effective in treating glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Its ability to reduce intraocular pressure has established it as a first-line treatment option, improving management and preventing vision loss. In dermatology, bimatoprost has shown promising results in the promotion of hair growth, particularly in the treatment of alopecia and hypotrichosis. Its mechanism of action, stimulating the hair cycle and prolonging the growth phase, has led to the development of bimatoprost-containing solutions for enhancing eyelash growth. AIM The aim of our review is to provide a brief description, overview, and studies in the current literature regarding the versatile clinical use of bimatoprost in recent years. This can help clinicians determine the most suitable individualized therapy to meet the needs of each patient. METHODS Our methods involve a comprehensive review of the latest advancements reported in the literature in bimatoprost formulations, which range from traditional eye drops to sustained-release implants. These innovations offer extended drug delivery, enhance patient compliance, and minimize side effects. RESULTS The vast literature published on PubMed has confirmed the clinical usefulness of bimatoprost in lowering intraocular pressure and in managing patients with glaucoma. Numerous studies have shown promising results in dermatology and esthetics in promoting hair growth, particularly in treating alopecia and hypotrichosis. Its mechanism of action involves stimulating the hair cycle and prolonging the growth phase, leading to the development of solutions that enhance eyelash growth. The global use of bimatoprost has expanded significantly, with applications growing beyond its initial indications. Ongoing research is exploring its potential in glaucoma surgery, neuroprotection, and cosmetic procedures. CONCLUSIONS Bimatoprost has shown immense potential for addressing a wide range of therapeutic needs through various formulations and advancements. Promising future perspectives include the exploration of novel delivery systems such as contact lenses and microneedles to further enhance drug efficacy and patient comfort. Ongoing research and future perspectives continue to shape its role in medicine, promising further advancements and improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Zeppieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, p.le S. Maria della Misericordia 15, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Caterina Gagliano
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna “Kore”, Piazza dell’Università, 94100 Enna, Italy
- Eye Clinic, Catania University, San Marco Hospital, Viale Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Leopoldo Spadea
- Eye Clinic, Policlinico Umberto I, “ Sapienza” University of Rome, 00142 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Salati
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, p.le S. Maria della Misericordia 15, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | | | | | - Fabiana D’Esposito
- Imperial College Ophthalmic Research Group (ICORG) Unit, Imperial College, London NW1 5QH, UK
| | - Mutali Musa
- Department of Optometry, University of Benin, Benin City 300238, Nigeria;
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Cordeiro MF, Gandolfi S, Gugleta K, Normando EM, Oddone F. How latanoprost changed glaucoma management. Acta Ophthalmol 2024; 102:e140-e155. [PMID: 37350260 DOI: 10.1111/aos.15725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma is currently considered one of the leading causes of severe visual impairment and blindness worldwide. Topical medical therapy represents the treatment of choice for many glaucoma patients. Introduction of latanoprost, 25 years ago, with an entirely new mechanism of action from that of the antiglaucoma drugs used up to that time was a very important milestone. Since then, due mainly to their efficacy, limited systemic side effects and once daily dosing, prostaglandin analogues (PGAs) have become as the first-choice treatment for primary open-angle glaucoma. PGAs are in general terms well tolerated, although they are associated with several mild to moderate ocular and periocular adverse events. Among them, conjunctival hyperemia, eyelash changes, eyelid pigmentation, iris pigmentation and hypertrichosis around the eyes are the most prevalent. The objective of this paper is to review the role of PGAs in the treatment of glaucoma over the 25 years since the launch of Latanoprost and their impact on clinical practice outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Francesca Cordeiro
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Western Eye Hospital, London, UK
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Irish Clinical Oncology Research Group, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Eduardo M Normando
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Irish Clinical Oncology Research Group, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Lee SE, Lim HB, Oh S, Lee K, Lee SB. Effects of Topical Anti-Glaucoma Medications on Outcomes of Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy: Comparison with Age- and Sex-Matched Controls. J Clin Med 2024; 13:634. [PMID: 38276140 PMCID: PMC10817280 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study analyzed the effects of topical anti-glaucoma medications on the surgical outcomes of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (EDCR) in nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO). METHODS This retrospective study included patients who underwent EDCR for NLDO between September 2012 and April 2021. Thirty patients with topical anti-glaucoma medications and 90 age- and sex-matched controls were included. RESULTS The success rate of EDCR was higher in the control group than in the anti-glaucoma group (97.8% vs. 86.7%, p = 0.034). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses identified prostaglandin analogs as the most influential risk factor for EDCR success among anti-glaucoma medication ingredients (p = 0.005). The success rate of the group containing all four anti-glaucoma medication ingredients was statistically significant (p = 0.010). The success rate was significantly different in the group of patients who used anti-glaucoma medication for >24 months (p = 0.019). When multiplying the number of drug ingredients by the duration in months, the group > 69 showed a significantly decreased success rate (p = 0.022). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the number of anti-glaucoma medications as the most significant risk factor for EDCR success (odds ratio, 0.437; 95% confidence interval, 0.247 to 0.772; p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS The authors suggest that the anti-glaucoma medications might cause NLDO and increase the failure rate after EDCR. Therefore, when performing EDCR in patients using topical anti-glaucoma medications, surgeons should consider the possibility of increased recurrence after EDCR in clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Eun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (S.E.L.); (K.L.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (S.O.)
| | - Hyung Bin Lim
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (S.O.)
- 1.0 Eye Clinic, Daejeon 34946, Republic of Korea; (H.B.L.)
| | - Seungjun Oh
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (S.O.)
| | - Kibum Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (S.E.L.); (K.L.)
| | - Sung Bok Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea; (S.O.)
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Liu M, Honjo M, Yamagishi R, Aihara M. Effects of Brimonidine, Omidenepag Isopropyl, and Ripasudil Ophthalmic Solutions to Protect against H 2O 2-Induced Oxidative Stress in Human Trabecular Meshwork Cells. Curr Eye Res 2023; 48:1014-1025. [PMID: 37466387 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2023.2235892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated whether hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress causes human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cell dysfunction observed in open angle glaucoma (OAG) in vitro, and the effects of topical glaucoma medications on oxidative stress in HTM cells. METHODS We used commercially available ophthalmic solutions of brimonidine, omidenepag isopropyl, and ripasudil in the study. HTM cells were exposed to H2O2 for 1 h, with or without glaucoma medications. We assessed cell viability and senescence via WST-1 and senescence-associated-β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) activity assays. After exposure to H2O2 and glaucoma medications, we evaluated changes in markers of fibrosis and stress by using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to measure the mRNA levels of collagen type I alpha 1 chain (COL1A1), fibronectin, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), endoplasmic reticulum stress markers of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78), and splicing X-box binding protein-1 (sXBP-1). RESULTS HTM cell viability decreased and SA-β-Gal activity increased significantly after exposure to H2O2. Treatment with three ophthalmic solutions attenuated these changes. Real-time qPCR revealed that H2O2 upregulated the mRNA levels of COL1A1, fibronectin, α-SMA, CHOP, GRP78, and sXBP-1, whereas it downregulated MMP-2 mRNA expression significantly. Brimonidine suppressed the upregulation of stress markers CHOP and GRP78. Additionally, omidenepag isopropyl and ripasudil decreased the upregulation of COL1A1 and sXBP-1. Furthermore, ripasudil significantly suppressed fibrotic markers fibronectin and α-SMA, compared with the other two medications. CONCLUSION In vitro, H2O2 treatment of HTM cells induced characteristic changes of OAG, such as fibrosis changes and the upregulation of stress markers. These glaucomatous changes were attenuated by additional treatments with brimonidine, omidenepag isopropyl, and ripasudil ophthalmic solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxuan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Megumi Honjo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Yamagishi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Aihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Rambhia PH, Pagan AD, Lal K, Goldberg D. Laser-Assisted Prostaglandin Analogs in the Treatment of Hypopigmented Scars: A Systematic Review. THE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND AESTHETIC DERMATOLOGY 2023; 16:28-32. [PMID: 37720195 PMCID: PMC10503939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Hypopigmented scars are challenging to treat due to a lack of effective treatments and often transient results. Recent reports suggest that prostaglandin analog-induced hyperpigmentation may have favorable dermatological applications. Objective Analyze previous studies involving the use of prostaglandin analogs in the treatment of hypopigmented scars. Methods PubMed/Medline was queried through 10/01/2022 with the following search terms: (bimatoprost AND scar), (latanoprost AND scar), (travoprost AND scar), (prostaglandin analogs AND hypopigmented scars), (PGF2alpha AND hyperpigmentation), (prostaglandin analogs AND hyperpigmentation). Results In total, 88 unique studies were reviewed for eligibility. Five studies met inclusion criteria including two prospective, double-blinded, randomized (only one was placebo-controlled), one prospective case series, one retrospective chart review, and one case report; comprising a total of 87 patients. All five studies utilized topical prostaglandin analogs as an adjunctive treatment via laser-assisted delivery. While both, the placebo-controlled and non-placebo-controlled, trials reported more than 75 percent of patients experienced at least 50 percent or more (Grade 3 or higher) improvement, the retrospective study reported 100 percent of patients experienced at least 75 percent or more (Grade 4 or higher) improvement, measured as scar repigmentation. The prospective case series and the reported single case showed overall qualitative improvement in all patients measured as repigmentation of hypopigmented and depigmented scars. Limitations Different laser devices, parameters, treatment frequency, and follow-up timepoints. Conclusion All studies evaluated demonstrated favorable treatment outcomes with no reported adverse events. Additional, large randomized controlled trials are needed to fully assess the effectiveness and long-term safety of PGF2α agonists for hypopigmented scars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja H. Rambhia
- Dr. Rambhia is with the Department of Dermatology at Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell in New Hyde Park, New York
| | - Angel D. Pagan
- Mr. Pagan is with Ponce Health Sciences University School of Medicine in Ponce, Puerto Rico
| | - Karan Lal
- Drs. Lal and Goldberg are with the Skin Laser and Surgery Specialists Division of Schweiger Dermatology in New York, New York
| | - David Goldberg
- Drs. Lal and Goldberg are with the Skin Laser and Surgery Specialists Division of Schweiger Dermatology in New York, New York
- Addtionally, Dr. Goldenberg is with the Department of Dermatology at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York, New York
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Ruiz-Lozano RE, Azar NS, Mousa HM, Quiroga-Garza ME, Komai S, Wheelock-Gutierrez L, Cartes C, Perez VL. Ocular surface disease: a known yet overlooked side effect of topical glaucoma therapy. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2023; 5:1067942. [PMID: 37547228 PMCID: PMC10403269 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1067942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocular surface disease (OSD), a disorder affecting the lacrimal and meibomian glands and the corneal and conjunctival epithelium, is a well-known complication of topical glaucoma therapy. OSD can present as a new or pre-existing condition that virtually any anti-glaucoma formulation can exacerbate. As such, both glaucoma and OSD frequently coexist. Typical OSD symptoms include ocular discomfort, redness, burning, and dryness, whereas signs include periorbital and eyelid skin pigmentation, conjunctival scarring, and superficial punctate keratitis. Pressure-lowering eyedrops can cause toxic, allergic, and inflammatory reactions on the ocular surface. The latter can result from either preservatives or direct toxicity from the active molecule. Although usually mild, OSD can cause significant symptoms that lead to poor quality of life, decreased compliance to therapy, glaucoma progression, and worse visual outcomes. Given the chronic nature of glaucoma, lack of curative therapy, and subsequent lifelong treatment, addressing OSD is necessary. This manuscript aims to provide an up-to-date overview of OSD's signs, symptoms, and pathogenic mechanisms from glaucoma therapy toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul E. Ruiz-Lozano
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de La Salud, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Nadim S. Azar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Foster Center for Ocular Immunology at Duke Eye Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Hazem M. Mousa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Foster Center for Ocular Immunology at Duke Eye Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Manuel E. Quiroga-Garza
- Department of Ophthalmology, Foster Center for Ocular Immunology at Duke Eye Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Seitaro Komai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Foster Center for Ocular Immunology at Duke Eye Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | | | - Cristian Cartes
- Unidad Oftalmología, Departamento de Especialidades, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Victor L. Perez
- Department of Ophthalmology, Foster Center for Ocular Immunology at Duke Eye Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
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Mader G, Ghinelli F, Torelli F, Patel C, Masseria C, Dickerson J, Nguyen D, Cantor L. The budget impact of introducing the OMNI® surgical system to a United States health plan for managing mild-to-moderate primary open-angle glaucoma. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2023; 23:805-812. [PMID: 37224422 DOI: 10.1080/14737167.2023.2217357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery devices fill an unmet need in the treatment paradigm between topical intraocular pressure medicines and more invasive filtration procedures. This study evaluated the adoption of The OMNI® Surgical System with or without cataract surgery in primary open-angle glaucoma patients. METHODS A budget impact analysis estimated costs before and after adoption of OMNI® to a hypothetical US health plan with 1 million Medicare-covered lives over two years. Model input data were derived from published sources and development of the model included primary research with key opinion leaders and payers. The model compared total annual direct costs for OMNI® versus other treatment options (medications, other minimally invasive surgical procedures, selective laser trabeculoplasty) to calculate budget impact. A one-way sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess parameter uncertainty. RESULTS Increased adoption of OMNI® resulted in budget neutrality over the two years with a decrease in total costs of $35,362. Per member per month incremental costs were $0.00 when used without cataract surgery and yielded cost savings of -$0.01 when used with cataract surgery. Sensitivity analysis confirmed model robustness and identified surgical center fee variability as a key driver of costs. CONCLUSION OMNI® is budgetary efficient from a US payer perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jaime Dickerson
- Sight Sciences Inc, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Dan Nguyen
- Mid-Cheshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cheshire, UK
| | - Louis Cantor
- Eugene and Marilyn Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Moshegov S, Kerr NM. Prostaglandin FP receptor agonists in the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension: a literature review. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2023; 32:1017-1023. [PMID: 37929314 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2023.2279146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness with intraocular pressure (IOP) as the only known modifiable risk factor. Prostaglandin FP receptor agonists are the first-line medical treatment for glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Despite their efficacy, their IOP lowering effect may be insufficient requiring second agents, and poor patient compliance to medical therapy may preclude their full effect. AREAS COVERED This literature review examines the novel FP receptor drugs and drug delivery devices in clinical phase trials for treatment of glaucoma. Three novel drugs targeting FP receptors were identified, including latanoprostene bunod, NCX 470, and sepetaprost. Additionally, sustained drug delivery devices in early clinical phase trials included intracameral implants, punctal plugs, ocular rings, and contact lenses. EXPERT OPINION NO hybrid FP receptor agonists and dual FP/EP3 receptor agonists may show promise as novel medical therapies with greater efficacy than approved prostaglandin analogs in clinical use, with a similar safety profile. Alternatively, drug delivery systems may provide a similar IOP lowering effect to existing agonists but overcome issues with patient compliance and convenience. A personalized approach to drug delivery devices may be required to ensure the most appropriate fit for the patient according to the invasiveness and duration of therapy desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Moshegov
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nathan Mitchell Kerr
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Glaucoma Investigation and Research Unit, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Eye Surgery Associates, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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12
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Kolko M, Gazzard G, Baudouin C, Beier S, Brignole-Baudouin F, Cvenkel B, Fineide F, Hedengran A, Hommer A, Jespersen E, Messmer EM, Murthy R, Sullivan AG, Tatham AJ, Utheim TP, Vittrup M, Sullivan DA. Impact of glaucoma medications on the ocular surface and how ocular surface disease can influence glaucoma treatment. Ocul Surf 2023; 29:456-468. [PMID: 37302545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2023.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Kolko
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Gus Gazzard
- Glaucoma Service, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK; NIHR-Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Christophe Baudouin
- Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, Paris, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Paris, France; Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Sofie Beier
- Royal Danish Academy - Architecture, Design, Conservation, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Françoise Brignole-Baudouin
- Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, Paris, France; Institut de la Vision, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris Cité université, Paris, France
| | - Barbara Cvenkel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Fredrik Fineide
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Hedengran
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Anton Hommer
- Department of Ophthalmology, HERA Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrew J Tatham
- Princess Alexandra Eye Pavilion and Department of Ophthalmology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tor Paaske Utheim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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13
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Deveau AP, da Silva FN, Ly TY, Hussain A. Periocular invasive melanoma manifestation in a patient using bimatoprost: case report and literature review. Orbit 2023; 42:73-80. [PMID: 34320913 DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2021.1955392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Prostaglandin F2a analogs (PGAs) are considered efficacious in the first-line treatment of glaucoma. They have however been associated with a number of periocular side effects. We present a case of periocular hyperpigmentation and progression to lentigo maligna melanoma (LMM) in a patient using bimatoprost eye drops. We conducted a literature review regarding the etiology and pathophysiology of periocular pigmentation in this setting.A 71-year-old female Caucasian patient with open-angle glaucoma using bimatoprost exclusively in her right eye noticed an ipsilateral lower eyelid/upper cheek area dark lesion after commencing treatment. Examination demonstrated a heterogeneously pigmented lesion. Excisional biopsy demonstrated extensive lentigo maligna (melanoma in situ) with superficially invasive malignant melanoma in the lesion center. The patient underwent successful staged excision and reconstruction. Literature review has demonstrated case reports supporting periocular hyperpigmentation; however, there has been no description of progression to periocular lentigo maligna and melanoma in a patient using bimatoprost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam P Deveau
- Dalhousie University School of Medicine, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | | | - Thai Yen Ly
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Ahsen Hussain
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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14
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Yang J, Shi Y, Chen H. Clinical Efficacy of Topical Tacrolimus on Conjunctival Hyperemia Caused by Prostaglandin Analogues. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:3700720. [PMID: 36276850 PMCID: PMC9586722 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3700720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of tacrolimus ophthalmic solution on conjunctival hyperemia caused by prostaglandin analogues. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 120 patients diagnosed with bilateral primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). The enrolled patients developed symptoms of conjunctival hyperemia during the administration of travoprost ophthalmic solution. The patients were divided into two groups: 0.004% travoprost solution was administered in the control group. A combination of 0.004% travoprost solution with tacrolimus was administered in the experimental group. Clinopathological parameters including intraocular pressure (IOP), subjective dry eye symptom score (SDES), hyperemia score, and noninvasive tear break-up time (NIBUT) were recorded at week 0, 1, 2, and 4. Two-way ANOVA for repeated measurement was employed for statistical analysis using SPSS 22.0 software. Results At week 1, 2, and 4, the IOP and SDES of both the control and experimental groups were significantly lower when compared the values at week 0 (before treatment). No significant differences in the IOP values between the two groups were observed at all time points. At week 2, the SDES and hyperemia score were lower in the experimental group than those in the control group, and the NIBUT was significantly longer in the experimental group. The above parameters showed no significant difference at week 4 between the two groups, although the average SDES and hyperemia score were slightly lower in the experimental group. Conclusion Tacrolimus ophthalmic solution can relieve conjunctival hyperemia, improve ocular surface conditions, and reduce discomfort caused by prostaglandin analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Haikou, Hainan 570311, China
| | - Yiyu Shi
- Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Haikou, Hainan 570311, China
| | - Haibo Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hainan Aier Ehope Eye Hospital, Haikou 570226, China
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15
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Rahman MS, Yoshida N, Hanafusa M, Matsuo A, Zhu S, Stub Y, Takahashi C, Tsuboi H, Matsushita R, Maekawa K, Kimura K. Screening and quantification of undeclared PGF 2α analogs in eyelash-enhancing cosmetic serums using LC-MS/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 219:114940. [PMID: 35882176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, cosmetics deemed equivalent to pharmaceutical products containing prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) analogs have been distributed overseas in the form of eyelash serums that can be purchased via the internet. The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence or absence of PGF2α analogs in eyelash serums procured in Japan via the internet to elucidate the actual composition. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) measurement system was developed for the determination of 14 PGF2α analogs in cosmetic serums. In total, 64 eyelash serum samples were purchased from 34 websites. After pretreatment, eyelash serum samples were screened for PGF2α analogs using the LC-MS/MS system. Products containing PGF2α analogs were subjected to quantification of these compounds. Of the 64 products, four were found to contain bimatoprost, among which, three did not indicate their contents on their package labels. In contrast, no samples were found to contain latanoprost, travoprost, or tafluprost, which are prescribed for glaucoma treatment. Additionally, eight products contained other PGF2α analogs, which have not been used as pharmaceuticals. The ease of access to cosmetic serums containing PGF2α analogs via online purchases presents a risk of serious side effects, particularly when consumers are not informed of their contents on the packages. This issue requires serious consideration to avoid the incorporation of pharmaceutical substances into cosmetic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sofiqur Rahman
- Medi-Quality Security Institute (MQS), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan.
| | - Naoko Yoshida
- AI Hospital/Macro Signal Dynamics Research and Development Center, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan; Medicine Security Workshop, Venture Business Laboratory 4F, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Miho Hanafusa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan
| | - Ayaka Matsuo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan
| | - Shu Zhu
- Medi-Quality Security Institute (MQS), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yukiko Stub
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Chisato Takahashi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan
| | - Hirohito Tsuboi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Healthcare Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Ryo Matsushita
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Healthcare Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Keiko Maekawa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan.
| | - Kazuko Kimura
- Medi-Quality Security Institute (MQS), Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan; Medicine Security Workshop, Venture Business Laboratory 4F, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
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16
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Kishimoto N, Noro T, Kodaka F, Kurosawa M, Itoh Y, Ogawa S, Watanabe T, Kubota M, Hori K, Shigeta M, Nakano T. Association between personality traits and experience of adverse periocular reactions to topical prostaglandin analogues. BMJ Open Ophthalmol 2022; 7:bmjophth-2021-000946. [PMID: 36161860 PMCID: PMC9234788 DOI: 10.1136/bmjophth-2021-000946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aesthetically unappealing adverse periocular reactions to prostaglandin (PG) eye-drops are a major challenge in glaucoma treatment. This study analysed the personality traits of patients with glaucoma based on a five-factor model and examined the associations between these factors and adverse periocular reactions. Methods One hundred and forty-seven patients with glaucoma were surveyed anonymously regarding their personality traits and how often adverse periocular reactions were experienced. Results The analysis included 117 valid responses (71 men and 46 women, age: 61.9±11.5 years). Patients who experienced hypertrichosis of the eyelashes scored significantly higher on extraversion (p<0.05), with no significant differences in the other four personality traits. Patients who experienced eyelid hyperpigmentation and deepening of the upper eyelid sulcus showed no significant differences in any of the personality traits. Younger patients scored significantly higher on hypertrichosis (p<0.05). Conclusion The experience of adverse reactions differed according to patient age and personality traits. Therefore, eye-drops should be chosen based on these factors. Trial registration number UMIN000035155.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanami Kishimoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiko Noro
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumitoshi Kodaka
- Department of Psychiatry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mei Kurosawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Itoh
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shumpei Ogawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Watanabe
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaomi Kubota
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Hori
- Japan Medical Affairs, Santen Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shigeta
- Department of Psychiatry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadashi Nakano
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Inoue K, Shiokawa M, Kunimatsu-Sanuki S, Nozaki N, Shimizu K, Ishida K, Tomita G. One-Year Efficacy and Safety of Omidenepag Isopropyl in Patients with Normal-Tension Glaucoma. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2022; 38:354-358. [PMID: 35613407 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2021.0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To retrospectively evaluate the 1-year efficacy and safety of single-agent of omidenepag isopropyl in patients with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). Methods: One hundred patients (100 eyes) newly administered omidenepag isopropyl were enrolled. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was compared at baseline and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after administration. The mean deviation values at baseline and 12 months measured using the Humphrey visual field test (30-2 Swedish Interactive Threshold Algorithm standard) were compared. Adverse reactions and dropouts were observed. Results: IOP significantly decreased from 15.5 ± 2.7 mmHg at baseline to 13.3 ± 2.5 mmHg after 3 months, 13.7 ± 2.3 mmHg after 6 months, 13.9 ± 2.4 mmHg after 9 months, and 13.7 ± 2.3 mmHg after 12 months (P < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in the mean deviation values at baseline (-3.66 ± 3.49 dB) and after 12 months (-3.41 ± 3.80 dB). Adverse reactions occurred in 9 patients (9.0%): conjunctival hyperemia (n = 6), eye pain (n = 1), iritis (n = 1), and blepharitis (n = 1). Twenty-one patients (21.0%) discontinued administration because of changes in medication (n = 7), interruption of visits (n = 5), adverse reactions (n = 4), and others. Conclusions: After administering omidenepag isopropyl, the IOP in patients with NTG decreased within 1 year, visual fields were maintained, and safety was satisfactory. Omidenepag isopropyl can be used as the first-line medication for patients with NTG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Inoue
- Inouye Eye Hospital, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Kyoko Ishida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Goji Tomita
- Inouye Eye Hospital, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Chang HC, Guo SP. Efficacy of local prostaglandin analogues for vitiligo treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2022; 15:341-349. [PMID: 35473496 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2022.2071699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitiligo is a common cutaneous depigmentation disorder. Although multiple treatment options are available, no single modality is satisfactory for all patients. Several studies have demonstrated that prostaglandin analogues can potentially treat cutaneous depigmentation, but the evidence is limited to their inconsistent study design. RESEARCH DESIGN & METHODS A systematic review was performed for studies published before 29 June 2021, in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, or the Cochrane Library. The primary outcome of pooled analysis was the repigmentation efficacy of local prostaglandin analogues compared with other therapies for vitiligo. RESULTS Six randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and three non-RCTs were included in this systematic review, and seven studies among them were used for the meta-analysis. The pooled analysis demonstrated that local prostaglandin analogues could significantly increase repigmentation along with narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy compared with phototherapy alone. Furthermore, the repigmentation efficacy of topical prostaglandin analogues was not significantly different from that of topical tacrolimus. In summary, local prostaglandin analogues either used alone or as add-on therapy could be safe and effective therapies for vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Ching Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Research Center of Big Data and Meta-Analysis, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Siao-Pei Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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19
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Inoue K, Shiokawa M, Katakura S, Tsuruoka M, Kunimatsu-Sanuki S, Shimizu K, Ishida K, Tomita G. Periocular Adverse Reactions to Omidenepag Isopropyl. Am J Ophthalmol 2022; 237:114-121. [PMID: 34942112 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the periocular adverse reactions to omidenepag isopropyl (OMDI). DESIGN Nonrandomized comparative clinical study. METHODS We enrolled 100 patients (100 eyes) with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension who received initial treatment with OMDI or tafluprost in only 1 eye for ≥6 months. Photographs of the eyelids were taken on the day of the participants' visit after ≥6 months of prescription. Subsequently, 3 ophthalmologists individually determined the occurrence of eyelid pigmentation, eyelash growth, and deepening of the upper eyelid sulcus (DUES). Additionally, a questionnaire on the subjective symptoms was administered. Multivariate analysis of baseline data was performed to investigate the factors involved in adverse reactions. RESULTS The mean duration of drug administration was 10.2 ± 3.8 and 10.8 ± 4.1 months in the OMDI and tafluprost groups, respectively. The frequencies of eyelid pigmentation, eyelash growth, and DUES were 0.0%, 0.0%, and 2.0%, respectively, in the OMDI group, whereas the corresponding values in the tafluprost group were 4.0%, 32.0%, and 12.0%. The only significant difference was that the OMDI group showed fewer patients with eyelash growth than in the tafluprost group (P < .0001). In the questionnaire, the subjective symptoms of eyelid pigmentation, eyelash growth, and DUES were 8.0%, 2.0%, and 4.0%, respectively, in the OMDI group, whereas the corresponding values in the tafluprost group were 12.0%, 40.0%, and 4.0%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed a correlation between the type of drug administered and these adverse reactions (R = 0.38, P = .005). CONCLUSIONS The frequencies of periocular adverse reactions to OMDI, ranging from 0% to 2.0%, were lower than those to tafluprost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Inoue
- From the Inouye Eye Hospital (K.In., M.S., S.K., M.T., G.T.), Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Minako Shiokawa
- From the Inouye Eye Hospital (K.In., M.S., S.K., M.T., G.T.), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiki Katakura
- From the Inouye Eye Hospital (K.In., M.S., S.K., M.T., G.T.), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mieko Tsuruoka
- From the Inouye Eye Hospital (K.In., M.S., S.K., M.T., G.T.), Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Kyoko Ishida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center (K.Is., G.T.), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Goji Tomita
- From the Inouye Eye Hospital (K.In., M.S., S.K., M.T., G.T.), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center (K.Is., G.T.), Tokyo, Japan
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20
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Katsanos A, Riva I, Bozkurt B, Holló G, Quaranta L, Oddone F, Irkec M, Dutton GN, Konstas AG. A new look at the safety and tolerability of prostaglandin analogue eyedrops in glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2021; 21:525-539. [PMID: 34666576 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2022.1996560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the last 25 years, topical prostaglandin analogues (PGAs) have emerged to become first line and first choice therapeutic options in the management of glaucoma and ocular hypertension (OHT). Although the short-term efficacy and safety of PGAs has been extensively investigated, less is known about their long term safety and tolerability. This gap in current knowledge is clinically relevant, because treatment-related adverse events and long-term tolerability issues are key determinants of the overall success of long-term therapy and the final outcome of a lifelong, symptomless disease like glaucoma. AREAS COVERED We include selected evidence pertaining to the safety and tolerability of available and emerging PGA formulations. We also outline PGA formulations with different concentrations of the active ingredient, different preservatives, and preservative-free (PF) options. EXPERT OPINION Undoubtedly PGAs will continue to play a major role in the medical therapy of glaucoma and OHT. Despite extensive literature and prolonged clinical experience with these agents worldwide, a number of areas that warrant further research have been identified in the present review. Recently launched novel PGAs, or those still in development offer new opportunities and future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Katsanos
- Ophthalmology Department, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ivano Riva
- Istituto Clinico Sant'Anna, Brescia, Italy
| | - Banu Bozkurt
- Department of Ophthalmology, Selcuk University School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Gábor Holló
- Tutkimusz Ltd, Solymar, Hungary.,Eye Center, Prima Medica Health Centers, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Luciano Quaranta
- Department of Surgical and Clinical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Section of Ophthalmology, University of Pavia, Irccs Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Murat Irkec
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gordon N Dutton
- Department of Vision Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | - Anastasios G Konstas
- 1st and 3rd University Departments of Ophthalmology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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21
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Aihara M, Lu F, Kawata H, Iwata A, Odani-Kawabata N. Twelve-month efficacy and safety of omidenepag isopropyl, a selective EP2 agonist, in open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension: the RENGE study. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2021; 65:810-819. [PMID: 34495425 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-021-00868-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the long-term safety and efficacy of omidenepag isopropyl (OMDI) 0.002% (a first-in-class, selective, non-prostaglandin, prostanoid EP2 receptor agonist), alone or administered concomitantly with timolol 0.5%, in patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG, including normal-tension and exfoliation glaucoma) or ocular hypertension (OHT). STUDY DESIGN Open-label, multicenter, Phase 3 study (NCT02822729). METHODS Patients aged ≥ 20 years, with OAG or OHT, and a baseline diurnal intraocular pressure (IOP) ≥ 16- < 22 mmHg (Group 1) or ≥ 22- ≤ 34 mmHg (Groups 2 and 3) were enrolled. All patients (N = 125) received OMDI 0.002% once daily. Group 3 also received timolol 0.5% twice daily. IOP was measured at baseline and at Weeks 2, 4, 8, 12, 26, 40, and 52. RESULTS Significant reductions in mean diurnal IOP from baseline occurred at every visit (P < 0.0001). Mean ± SE diurnal IOP reduction at Week 52 was -3.7 ± 0.3 mmHg (Group 1), -5.6 ± 0.5 mmHg (Group 2), and -8.4 ± 0.6 mmHg (Group 3). Most adverse events (AEs) were mild, and no serious treatment-related AEs were reported. Conjunctival hyperemia (incidence: monotherapy [Groups 1 and 2], 18.8%; concomitant [Group 3], 45.0%) and macular edema (ME)/cystoid macular edema (CME) (incidence: monotherapy, 11.8%; concomitant, 15.0%) occurred most frequently. All treatment-related ME/CME cases occurred in pseudophakic eyes and responded to standard-of-care treatment and study drug discontinuation. CONCLUSIONS In this study, OMDI 0.002%, alone or administered concomitantly with timolol 0.5%, resulted in sustained IOP reduction over 52 weeks in patients with OAG or OHT. Concomitant treatment resulted in increased efficacy and increased incidence of conjunctival hyperemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fenghe Lu
- Santen Inc., 6401 Hollis Street, Suite 125, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA.
| | | | | | - Noriko Odani-Kawabata
- Santen Inc., 6401 Hollis Street, Suite 125, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA.,Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
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Nakamura N, Honjo M, Yamagishi R, Igarashi N, Sakata R, Aihara M. Effects of selective EP2 receptor agonist, omidenepag, on trabecular meshwork cells, Schlemm's canal endothelial cells and ciliary muscle contraction. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16257. [PMID: 34376747 PMCID: PMC8355290 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95768-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of omidenepag (OMD), a novel selective EP2 receptor agonist, on human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells, monkey Schlemm’s canal endothelial (SCE) cells, and porcine ciliary muscle (CM) to clarify the mechanism of intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction involving conventional outflow pathway. In HTM and SCE cells, the effects of OMD on transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2)-induced changes were examined. The expression of actin cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation in HTM cells were evaluated using real-time quantitative PCR, immunocytochemistry, and western blotting. The expression of barrier-related proteins, ZO-1 and β-catenin, and permeability of SCE cells were evaluated using immunocytochemistry and transendothelial electrical resistance. The CM contraction was determined by contractibility assay. OMD significantly inhibited expression of TGF-β2 induced mRNA, protein, and MLC-phosphorylation on cytoskeletal and ECM remodeling in the HTM dose dependently. In SCE cells, OMD suppressed TGF-β2-induced expression of the barrier-related proteins and decreased SCE monolayer permeability. OMD at 3 µM significantly inhibited CM contraction, however, the effect was not significant at lower concentrations. IOP lowering effect of OMD through conventional outflow pathway is exerted by increasing outflow facilities with the modulation of TM cell fibrosis and SCE cell permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuko Nakamura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 1138655, Japan.,Division of Vision Research, National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Megumi Honjo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 1138655, Japan.
| | - Reiko Yamagishi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 1138655, Japan
| | - Nozomi Igarashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 1138655, Japan
| | - Rei Sakata
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 1138655, Japan
| | - Makoto Aihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 1138655, Japan
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23
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Olander KW, Sato MA, Abrams MA, Jerkins GW, Lu F, Dinh P, Odani-Kawabata N, Chabi A, Shams NK. A Randomized Phase 2 Trial Comparing Omidenepag Isopropyl 0.002% Once and Twice Daily in Subjects With Primary Open-angle Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension (SPECTRUM-6). J Glaucoma 2021; 30:473-480. [PMID: 33813559 PMCID: PMC8171257 DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000001836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PRCIS No significant difference was found between the intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering of omidenepag isopropyl 0.002% once daily (QD) and twice daily (BID). However, adverse events (AEs) were higher in the BID arm; thus, QD dosing is the preferred dosing frequency for further investigation. PURPOSE This phase 2, randomized, double-masked, parallel-arm, multicenter study (NCT03858894) was conducted in the United States to examine whether the efficacy and safety of omidenepag isopropyl 0.002% BID dosing was superior to QD dosing in subjects with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. METHODS Randomized subjects (1:1) received omidenepag isopropyl 0.002% QD (n=50) or BID (n=48) for 6 weeks (after a ≤4-week washout period). IOP was measured at 8:00 am, 12:00 pm, and 4:00 pm at baseline and weeks 2 and 6. The primary efficacy endpoint was IOP at each timepoint at weeks 2 and 6. AEs were evaluated. RESULTS Baseline mean diurnal IOP (±SD) post washout was 25.4±2.9 mm Hg (BID) and 24.6±1.9 mm Hg (QD). At weeks 2 and 6, clinically significant IOP reductions from baseline were observed for omidenepag isopropyl BID and QD treatments. Least-squares mean (±SE) IOP differences (BID versus QD) were not statistically significant (week 2: 0.44±0.68 to 1.08±0.65 mm Hg; week 6: 0.36±0.63 to 0.68±0.68 mm Hg) at any timepoint (all P > 0.05). AEs were 3-fold greater in the BID arm (41.7%; QD: 14.0%); the most frequently reported AE was conjunctival/ocular hyperemia (BID: 22.9%; QD: 2.0%). Five subjects discontinued omidenepag isopropyl prematurely, 4 of 5 owing to AEs (BID: 4; QD: 0). CONCLUSION In this study, the benefit-risk profile of omidenepag isopropyl 0.002% QD was more favorable than the benefit-risk profile of BID. This difference was driven by a higher incidence of local tolerability issues in the BID arm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Naveed K. Shams
- Santen Inc., Emeryville, CA
- Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
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24
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Faseeh AE, Allam RS, Shalash AB, Abd Elmohsen MN. Comparison between Latanoprost, Travoprost, and Tafluprost in reducing intraocular pressure fluctuations in patients with glaucoma. Eur J Ophthalmol 2021; 31:3018-3026. [PMID: 33499676 DOI: 10.1177/1120672121990540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the efficacies of latanoprost 0.005%, travoprost 0.004%, and tafluprost 0.0015% in reducing diurnal intraocular pressure (IOP) fluctuations in patients with newly diagnosed primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). METHODS In this prospective randomized clinical trial, 60 patients who were newly diagnosed with POAG were divided into three equal groups. Patients were examined at presentation and at second and sixth weeks. Diurnal phasing of IOP was conducted using a calibrated Goldmann applanation tonometer. IOP measurements were recorded from 8:00 am to 9:00 am, from 3:00 pm to 4:00 pm, and from 7:00 pm to 8:00 pm. RESULTS The study groups were distributed similarly in terms of age and gender (p-values: 0.76) and the participants had a mean age of 52.98 ± 13.43 years. The IOP at the day of inclusion was not statistically significant among the three groups (p-values 0.27, 0.51, and 0.64 at 8 am, 2 pm, and 8 pm, respectively). Similar nonsignificant differences were noticed on the follow-up visits. However, the tafluprost group showed a significant reduction in IOP on the follow-up visit at the second week at 8 pm (30.5% reduction, p-value: 0.03). All three drugs showed a comparable and significant reduction in IOP and IOP fluctuations. The pattern of side effects was similar in all the groups. CONCLUSION Latanoprost, travoprost, and tafluprost show a similar effectiveness in reducing the mean IOP and the diurnal IOP fluctuation in POAG. Importantly, the three drugs have comparable tolerability with insignificant differences regarding the pattern of their side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Essam Faseeh
- Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Riham Shm Allam
- Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed B Shalash
- Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mai Nasser Abd Elmohsen
- Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kasr Al Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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25
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Sabaner MC, Duman R, Vurmaz A, Ertekin T. Effects of topical prostaglandin drops on angiogenesis in an in ovo chick chorioallantoic membrane model. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2021; 40:54-60. [PMID: 33461354 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2021.1874009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the effects of bimatoprost, latanoprost and travoprost on angiogenesis in the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model in ovo. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty fertilized specific-pathogen-free chick eggs were used in this preclinical, prospective, experimental embryo study. Eggs were randomly distributed into 5 groups of ten eggs. Eggs were placed in the incubator after disinfection of their shells with alcohol and monitored appropriate temperature and humidity. On the 3rd day of incubation, a small window was opened on the eggshell. Bimatoprost in group 1, latanoprost in group 2, travoprost in group 3, bevacizumab in group 4, phosphate-buffered-saline (PBS) used in group 5 was applied by injection to CAM. The sterile film was glued onto the broken part of the shell and the eggs were placed in the incubator again. On the 8th day of incubation, eggs were opened and vascular structures on CAMs were examined. Digital photographs were taken, analysed in the ImageJ open source image processing software and differences between groups were evaluated. Thereafter, VEGF (Vascular endothelial growth factor) levels were measured appropriately in the embryo samples. RESULTS All embryos in the prostaglandin groups and the PBS control group were observed to have life signs confirmed by heart rate. In 8 embryos in the bevacizumab group, no life signs were confirmed, while 2 embryos with life signs showed severe hypoplasia. Vascular density, number of vessels and VEGF levels in the bimatoprost, latanoprost and travoprost groups, there were statistically significantly higher than the PBS control group. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that topical prostaglandin drops increase angiogenesis in the chick CAM model in ovo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Resat Duman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ministry of Health Bursa City Hospital, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ayhan Vurmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Tolga Ertekin
- Department of Anatomy, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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Omidenepag Isopropyl Versus Latanoprost in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension: The Phase 3 AYAME Study. Am J Ophthalmol 2020; 220:53-63. [PMID: 32533949 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of omidenepag isopropyl (OMDI), a selective, non-prostaglandin, prostanoid EP2 receptor agonist, in Japanese patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) or ocular hypertension (OHT). DESIGN Phase III, randomized, investigator-masked, active-controlled, parallel-group, noninferiority study (ClinicalTrials.govNCT02623738). METHODS After a washout period of 1-4 weeks, eligible patients were randomized (1:1) to OMDI 0.002% or latanoprost 0.005% once daily for 4 weeks. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured at 9:00 AM, 1:00 PM, and 5:00 PM at weeks 1, 2, and 4. The primary endpoint was the change from baseline in mean diurnal IOP at week 4. The noninferiority margin for OMDI versus latanoprost was 1.5 mm Hg. Adverse events (AEs) were recorded. RESULTS Of the 190 patients randomized, 189 had at least 1 post-baseline IOP measurement. At baseline, patients who received OMDI or latanoprost had a mean ± SD diurnal IOP of 23.78 ± 1.73 mm Hg and 23.40 ± 1.51 mm Hg, respectively. At week 4, least-squares mean ± SE reduction in IOP from baseline with OMDI (-5.93 ± 0.23 mm Hg) was noninferior to that of latanoprost (-6.56 ± 0.22 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval between groups: 0.01-1.26). The most frequently reported treatment-related ocular AEs (OMDI vs latanoprost) were conjunctival hyperemia (23/94 patients [24.5%] vs 10/96 patients [10.4%]), corneal thickening (11/94 patients [11.7%] vs 1/96 patients [1.0%]), and punctate keratitis (0/94 patients vs 5/96 patients [5.2%]). No serious AEs were observed in either group, and there were no discontinuations related to the study drug. CONCLUSIONS OMDI 0.002% was noninferior to latanoprost 0.005% in reducing IOP in patients with OHT or POAG and was well tolerated.
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Inoue K, Inoue J, Kunimatsu-Sanuki S, Nozaki N, Shimizu K, Ishida K, Tomita G. Short-Term Efficacy and Safety of Omidenepag Isopropyl in Patients with Normal-Tension Glaucoma. Clin Ophthalmol 2020; 14:2943-2949. [PMID: 33061280 PMCID: PMC7533234 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s271789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To retrospectively evaluate the short-term efficacy of omidenepag isopropyl (EYBELIS 0.002%) by assessing its intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering capability and safety in patients with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). Patients and Methods Fifty-four NTG patients (54 eyes) who were newly administrated with omidenepag isopropyl were enrolled in the study. The subjects comprised 22 men and 32 women, and the mean age of the subjects was 55.0 ± 14.1 years. The mean deviation value using the Humphrey visual field test program (30–2 SITA Standard) was −5.03 ± 3.38 dB. The following data were retrieved from the medical records and used for retrospective analyses: IOP at baseline 1–2 months and 3–4 months after administration. The frequency of non-responder patients who had less than 10% IOP reduction was evaluated. Patients were observed for adverse reactions and dropouts at each time point. Results IOP at baseline, after 1–2 months and after 3–4 months was 15.7 ± 2.6 mmHg, 13.5 ± 2.3 mmHg, and 13.6 ± 2.4 mmHg, respectively. There was a significant decrease in IOP after administration (p<0.0001). Eleven patients (22.4%) were non-responders. Adverse reactions occurred in 4 patients (7.4%), including conjunctival hyperemia in 3 patients (after 1 week, 2 weeks, and 1 month, respectively) and eye pain in 1 patient (after 1 month). Five patients (9.3%) dropped out of the study because of an adverse reaction in 3 patients, insufficient IOP reduction in 1 patient, and discontinuation of follow-up of 1 patient at our institution. Conclusion After administration of omidenepag isopropyl, IOP in patients with NTG was significantly decreased. However, adverse reactions occurred in 7.4% of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Inoue
- Inouye Eye Hospital, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junji Inoue
- Nishikasai Inouye Eye Hospital, Edogawa-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Norie Nozaki
- Omiya Inouye Eye Clinic, Saitama-Shi, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Kyoko Ishida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Goji Tomita
- Inouye Eye Hospital, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Current Medical Therapy and Future Trends in the Management of Glaucoma Treatment. J Ophthalmol 2020; 2020:6138132. [PMID: 32774906 PMCID: PMC7391108 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6138132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells and their axons. Lowering of intraocular pressure (IOP) is currently the only proven treatment strategy for glaucoma. However, some patients show progressive loss of visual field and quality of life despite controlled IOP which indicates that other factors are implicated in glaucoma. Therefore, approaches that could prevent or decrease the rate of progression and do not rely on IOP lowering have gained much attention. Effective neuroprotection has been reported in animal models of glaucoma, but till now, no neuroprotective agents have been clinically approved. The present update provides an overview of currently available IOP-lowering medications. Moreover, potential new treatment targets for IOP-lowering and neuroprotective therapy are discussed. Finally, future trends in glaucoma therapy are addressed, including sustained drug delivery systems and progress toward personalized medicine.
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Phase 2, Randomized, Dose-finding Studies of Omidenepag Isopropyl, a Selective EP2 Agonist, in Patients With Primary Open-angle Glaucoma or Ocular Hypertension. J Glaucoma 2020; 28:375-385. [PMID: 30839416 DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000001221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PRéCIS:: Three randomized, multicenter studies demonstrated the stable intraocular pressure-lowering effects and tolerability of omidenepag isopropyl in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension; 0.002% was identified as the optimal dose for further investigation. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of omidenepag isopropyl, a selective EP2 agonist, and to determine the optimal dose for further investigation. PATIENTS AND METHODS Three randomized, controlled, masked, multicenter studies were conducted in United States (study 1, NCT01868126; study 2, NCT02179008) and Japan (study 3, NCT02623738). Patients were randomized to 1 of 7 omidenepag isopropyl concentrations (0.0003%, 0.001%, 0.0012%, 0.0016%, 0.002%, 0.0025%, and 0.003%), latanoprost (0.005%), or placebo, 1 drop once daily for 28 days (studies 1 and 3) or 90 days (study 2). Primary endpoints were the observed mean diurnal intraocular pressure (IOP) and IOP at each time point on the final visit (studies 1 and 2) and change from baseline in mean diurnal IOP at week 4 (study 3). RESULTS IOP-lowering effects of omidenepag isopropyl 0.0003% to 0.002% increased dose-dependently. Omidenepag isopropyl 0.002% and 0.0025% resulted in clinically relevant mean diurnal IOP reductions from baseline that were similar to those of latanoprost and superior to placebo (P<0.005). Maximum reductions had already been achieved by week 1, and stable IOP-lowering effects were observed at all postbaseline time points up to 3 months. Most adverse events (AEs) were mild. Conjunctival hyperemia was the most frequently reported AE, the incidence of which increased dose-dependently. The safety profiles of omidenepag isopropyl 0.002% and 0.0025% were similar, with a slightly lower incidence of AEs in the 0.002% group. CONCLUSIONS Omidenepag isopropyl demonstrated stable IOP-lowering effects and was well tolerated; 0.002% was identified as the optimal dose for phase 3 investigation.
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Yang XT, Zhao L, Wang LJ, Zhang Y, Liao DY, Wang JM. Efficacy and safety of 0.0015% tafluprost versus 0.005% latanoprost in primary open angle glaucoma, ocular hypertension: a Meta-analysis. Int J Ophthalmol 2020; 13:474-480. [PMID: 32309186 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2020.03.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering efficacy and safety of tafluprost 0.0015% eye drops [benzalkonium chloride (BAK) 0.1 mg/mL] compared with that of latanoprost 0.005% eye drops (BAK 0.2 mg/mL) for primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and ocular hypertension (OHT). METHODS All the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about treating POAG and OHT comparing tafluprost and latanoprost were collected by searching PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI and VIP. The outcomes of interest to evaluate the clinical efficacy and adverse effects included IOP and patient-related drop discomfort. RESULTS Five RCTs involving 888 glaucoma patients were included. The results showed that, 1) at the end of the study, no statistically significant differences were observed in IOP reduction [standard mean difference (SMD) =0.48, 95%CI 0.07 to 0.88, P=0.085] between tafluprost and latanoprost; 2) No statistically significant differences were observed in adverse events of foreign-body sensation [relative risk (RR) =0.62, 95%CI 0.26 to 1.46, P=0.269], eye irritation (RR=1.16, 95%CI 0.49 to 2.75, P=0.744), eye pain (RR=2.000, 95%CI 0.949 to 4.216, P=0.07), iris hyper-pigmentation (RR=0.741, 95%CI 0.235 to 2.334, P=0.61), dry eye (RR=1.154, 95%CI 0.409 to 3.256, P=0.79) and eye pruritus (RR=1.600, 95%CI 0.536 to 4.774, P=0.4) between tafluprost and latanoprost. However, tafluprost showed more reported incidence of conjunctival hyperaemia than latanoprost (RR=2.11, 95%CI 1.24 to 3.59, P=0.006). CONCLUSION Tafluprost 0.0015% eye drops (BAK 0.1 mg/mL) and latanoprost 0.005% eye drops (BAK 0.2 mg/mL) are comparable in lowering IOP for open angle glaucoma (OAG) and OHT. It does not differ in the incidence of foreign-body sensation, eye irritation, eye pain, iris hyper-pigmentation, dry eye and eye pruritus, but tafluprost shows less ocular tolerability because of more incidence of conjunctival hyperaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Ting Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Li-Jun Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ding-Ying Liao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jian-Ming Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
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Tear biomarkers in latanoprost and bimatoprost treated eyes. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201740. [PMID: 30080906 PMCID: PMC6078293 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Prostaglandin analogues (PGA’s) are the mainstay and first line of treatment in current glaucoma practise. Though latanoprost and bimatoprost are the most commonly used PGA’s with minimal side effects at lower concentrations like bimaotoprost 0.01%, direct comparison of their cytokine/MMP profile in tears has not been evaluated earlier. The study intends to ascribe PGA to the upregulation of MMPs, Cytokines and Chemokines mediating varied pathways to result in side effects of the drugs. Methods Tear sample collection was done from outer canthus of 30 eyes of 30 patients (primary open angle glaucoma (n = 26 and n’ = 20), normal tension glaucoma (n = 4 and n’ = 10), in latanoprost (n) 0.005% and bimatoprost (n’) 0.01% group respectively, with a mean age of 62±10.5 years) on >6 months of PGA use using Tear floTM Schirmer filter strip. Tear samples from 30 eyes of 30 cataract patients without drug treatment were used as the control. Gelatinolytic activity of MMP-9 and MMP-2 were examined by substrate gelatine zymography MMP-1 and TIMP-1 concentrations from tears samples with PGAs were evaluated by ELISA while cytokine concentration in the eluted tears was evaluated using a convenient bioplex kit assay (Milliplex MAP kit, HCYTMAG-60K-PX41, Millipore, Massachusetts, United States). The mean duration of use of PGA in both groups did not differ significantly (median 1.3 years in bimatoprost and 1.1 years in latanoprost eyes, p = 0.6). Results The tear MMP-9 expression was higher in eyes receiving latanoprost while the MMP-2 expression was higher in eyes receiving bimatoprost with MMP1 protein levels being higher in the former. Latanoprost treated eyes had marginally elevated tear cytokines involved in tissue remodelling while bimatoprost eyes showed elevated cytokines regulating allergic pathways. Conclusion Differential cytokine and MMP expression indicates differential signalling pathways mediating different cellular effects (evident as clinical and side effects) with the two drugs which can be explored further.
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DI Staso S, Agnifili L, Cecannecchia S, DI Gregorio A, Ciancaglini M. In Vivo Analysis of Prostaglandins-induced Ocular Surface and Periocular Adnexa Modifications in Patients with Glaucoma. In Vivo 2018; 32:211-220. [PMID: 29475902 PMCID: PMC5905187 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Prostaglandin analogues (PGAs) are a first-line medical treatment for glaucoma because of their powerful intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering effect, few systemic side-effects (SEs), and the once daily administration. Despite the high systemic safety profile, the chronic use of PGAs may induce periocular and ocular surface (OS)-related side effects, which affect a significant proportion of glaucomatous patients. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about SEs of PGAs on periocular structures and OS, and their implications in clinical practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive literature search on the PubMed platform was performed. Two hundred fifty articles fulfilling key words were identified, of which 180 were excluded since they did not concern the effects of PGAs on the periocular tissues and OS, or because of their limited relevance. The following key words were used and combined, to narrow-down the literature: "prostaglandin" and "ocular surface," which identified 184 unique publications, of which 68 were selected; "prostaglandin" and "periocular" which identified 46 unique publications, of which 11 were selected. An additional search was conducted using "prostaglandin" and "Meibomian glands (MGs)", which identified twenty unique publications, of which 8 were selected. Thus, a total of 70 articles were chosen based on their relevance and were included in this review. RESULTS Prostaglandin-associated peri-orbitopathy, skin pigmentation and hypertrichosis, eyelash growth, and MGs dysfunction are the most frequent modifications of periocular tissues. They are induced by the tissue accumulation of PGAs, and FP receptor stimulation. Without preservatives, PGAs act as stimulators of conjunctival goblet cells, which are the main source of ocular surface mucoproteins, and seem to increase conjunctival epithelium microcysts proposed as in vivo hallmark of the trans-scleral aqueous humour outflow. Additional PGA-induced modifications can be recognized in the cornea, corneo-scleral limbus, conjunctival stroma and, conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue, mainly appearing as inflammatory changes. OS epithelia desquamation, chemosis, apoptosis, dendritic cell activation, conjunctival or episcleral vasodilation, and sub-basal nerve plexus disruption were also described in patients receiving preserved PGAs. CONCLUSION PGAs induce several modifications of the OS structures and adnexa; nonetheless, none of them significantly reduces the local safety profile of this class of drugs. Moreover, the OS changes do not affect the IOP lowering efficacy of PGAs. On these bases, local SEs of PGAs should not discourage clinicians in using this class of medications because of their efficacy, the systemic safety profile, and the better adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio DI Staso
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Luca Agnifili
- Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Sara Cecannecchia
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Angela DI Gregorio
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Marco Ciancaglini
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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Periorbital changes associated with prostaglandin analogs in Korean patients. BMC Ophthalmol 2017; 17:126. [PMID: 28716077 PMCID: PMC5514502 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-017-0521-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prostaglandin analogs (PGAs) are commonly used to treat glaucoma because of their powerful intraocular pressure lowering effect. However, various periorbital changes associated with the use of PGAs have been reported. We investigated the incidence of periorbital changes in Korean patients who were treated with PGAs, and analyzed clinical factors associated with superior sulcus deepening. Methods This study included 58 glaucoma patients who were treated with latanoprost, travoprost, or bimatoprost unilaterally. Face photographs were collected, and periorbital changes such as superior sulcus deepening, eyelid pigmentation, ptosis, lid retraction, dermatochalasis, and redness were evaluated by two oculoplastic specialists. For each patient, the contralateral eye served as a control. The frequency of ptosis, dermatochalasis, pigmentation, erythema, and superior sulcus deepening were analyzed. Demographic and ocular factors were compared between patients who showed superior sulcus deepening and those who did not. Results Thirty-one patients (53.4%) showed one or more periorbital changes associated with PGAs. The most common change was superior sulcus deepening (24.1%), followed by eyelid pigmentation (19.0%), eyelid erythema (19.0%), dermatochalasis (10.3%), eyelid retraction (5.2%), and ptosis (3.4%). The age of the patient and the duration of PGA administration was significantly correlated with superior sulcus deepening (p = 0.007, p = 0.002, respectively). Conclusions Periorbital changes are frequently seen in patients who use PGAs, and superior sulcus deepening is the most common change in Korean patients. Long-term use of PGAs and old age were associated with superior sulcus deepening.
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Keating GM. Tafluprost Ophthalmic Solution 0.0015 %: A Review in Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension. Clin Drug Investig 2016; 36:499-508. [PMID: 27225879 DOI: 10.1007/s40261-016-0413-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tafluprost ophthalmic solution 0.0015 % preserved with benzalkonium chloride (BAK) 0.001 % is available in several Asian countries, including Japan. In pivotal trials, BAK-preserved tafluprost ophthalmic solution 0.0015 % lowered intraocular pressure (IOP) more effectively than placebo in Asian patients with normal-tension glaucoma and was at least as effective as latanoprost ophthalmic solution 0.005 % in Asian patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. In other prospective studies in Asian patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension, tafluprost ophthalmic solution 0.0015 % was at least as effective as latanoprost ophthalmic solution 0.005 % or travoprost ophthalmic solution 0.004 % in terms of IOP lowering, and was considered easier to use and/or store. The efficacy of tafluprost ophthalmic solution 0.0015 % was maintained in the longer term. Tafluprost ophthalmic solution 0.0015 % was generally well tolerated. In conclusion, BAK-preserved tafluprost ophthalmic solution 0.0015 % remains a useful option for the treatment of Asian patients with glaucoma and ocular hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian M Keating
- Springer, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, 0754, Auckland, New Zealand.
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35
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Oculoplastic considerations in patients with glaucoma. Surv Ophthalmol 2016; 61:718-725. [DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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The Association of Chronic Topical Prostaglandin Analog Use With Meibomian Gland Dysfunction. J Glaucoma 2016; 25:770-4. [DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000000495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Ikeda Y, Mori K, Tada K, Ueno M, Kinoshita S, Sotozono C. Comparison study of intraocular pressure reduction efficacy and safety between latanoprost and tafluprost in Japanese with normal-tension glaucoma. Clin Ophthalmol 2016; 10:1633-7. [PMID: 27601879 PMCID: PMC5003551 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s108213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate and compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction efficacy and safety between the ophthalmic solutions 0.005% latanoprost (Lat) and 0.0015% tafluprost (Taf) in Japanese patients with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). Methods In this randomized nonmasked study, we prospectively enrolled 30 Japanese NTG patients who had used Lat monotherapy for more than 4 weeks, and randomly divided them into the following two groups: 1) Lat-to-Taf group (LT group) and 2) Taf-to-Lat group (TL group). At the beginning of the study, both groups were switched from initial Lat to Lat or Taf for 12 weeks, and then switched over to the other drug (crossover) for 12 additional weeks. At 0, 4, 12, 16, and 24 weeks, we evaluated each patient’s IOP, conjunctival injection, and corneal epitheliopathy score, and at 0, 12, and 24 weeks, we evaluated their eyelash changes and pigmentation of the eyelids and irises. Results The mean IOP of the LT group (15 eyes) was 10.5, 10.6, and 11.1 mmHg, at 0, 12, and 24 weeks, respectively, whereas that of the TL group (15 eyes) was 11.7, 11.1, and 10.5 mmHg at 0, 12, and 24 weeks, respectively. No significant differences were found between the two groups and in the intragroup comparisons. Moreover, no significant differences were found between Lat and Taf in regard to the conjunctival injection score and corneal epitheliopathy score. Eyelash changes and eyelid and iris pigmentation were similar in both groups. Conclusion The findings of this study show that Lat and Taf have equivalent efficacy and safety in Japanese patients with NTG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Ikeda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine; Oike-Ganka Ikeda Clinic
| | - Kazuhiko Mori
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Kaori Tada
- Department of Ophthalmology, Japanese Red Cross Society Kyoto Daini Hospital
| | - Morio Ueno
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Shigeru Kinoshita
- Department of Frontier Medical Science and Technology for Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chie Sotozono
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
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Duman N, Duman R, Yavaş GF, Doğruk Kaçar S, Özuğuz P, Çetinkaya E. Periocular mexametric melanin and erythema indexes in adult glaucoma patients treated with topical prostaglandin analogs. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2016; 36:9-11. [PMID: 26911512 DOI: 10.3109/15569527.2016.1140179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Although topical prostaglandin analogs (PGAs) have been previously associated with periocular skin hyperpigmentation, studies using objective clinical methods are lacking. Furthermore changes in periocular skin erythema indexes associated with topical PGAs have not been reported previously. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to evaluate periocular melanin and erythema indexes in patients treated with topical PGA using an objective clinical method - Mexameter. METHODS About 45 glaucoma patients treated with topical PGA therapy, and 30 age-, and sex-matched controls were enrolled in the study. Demographic data, medical history including duration of therapy, PGA type, involved eye (unilateral, bilateral) were noted, and skin phototypes were evaluated. Melanin and erythema indexes on medial and lateral upper and lower eyelids, and normal skin from the upper cheeks were measured using Mexameter MX-18. The index of difference for lower/upper eyelid was calculated. Reading results of patients and controls were compared. RESULTS Melanin and erythema indexes of upper/lower eyelids, and the index of differences for upper/lower eyelids were significantly higher in patients despite similar clinical findings (p < 0.05). Duration of therapy and type of PGA were not associated with skin changes (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Both periocular melanin and erythema indexes increased in both upper and lower eyelids due to PGA therapy compared to controls, despite similar clinical findings. Mexametric evaluation is more sensitive than clinical evaluation, and may be used as an objective, sensitive clinical method to evaluate periocular skin changes, even smallest changes, in such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reşat Duman
- b Department of Ophthalmology , School of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University , Afyonkarahisar , Turkey , and
| | - Güliz Fatma Yavaş
- c Department of Ophthalmology , School of Medicine, Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| | | | | | - Ersan Çetinkaya
- b Department of Ophthalmology , School of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University , Afyonkarahisar , Turkey , and
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Prostaglandin analogue-induced pigmentation of the skin of the nasal septum and nasal alae in a glaucoma patient. Eur J Ophthalmol 2015; 25:e38-9. [PMID: 25655593 DOI: 10.5301/ejo.5000573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To present a case of topical prostaglandin analogue-induced skin pigmentation in a location previously never reported, with a differential diagnostic significance. CASE REPORT An 83-year-old man successfully treated for primary open-angle glaucoma of both eyes with the bimatoprost/timolol fixed combination for 6 years reported increased pigmentation of the skin of the nasal septum and alae. According to his report, the darkened skin area was not present when he was a young or middle-aged man. The patient had noted periocular pigmentation and deepening of the upper lid sulcus on both sides, which developed during the years of his bimatoprost/timolol treatment. Dermatology consultation excluded any nevus, malignancy, or other pathology as a cause of the pigmentation. The otorhinolaryngology consultation failed to identify any pathologic condition in the nasal cavity, but described mild chronic senile rhinitis. CONCLUSIONS The acquired pigmentation of the skin of the nasal septum and alae in our patient represents a new form of cutaneous pigmentation induced by topical prostaglandin analogue therapy, which may have differential diagnostic significance in clinical practice. We speculate that the senile rhinitis of the patient increased the exposure of the nasal skin to the prostaglandin analogue solution drained via the nasolacrimal duct, and could therefore play a role in the development of skin pigmentation in this location.
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M K. Present and New Treatment Strategies in the Management of Glaucoma. Open Ophthalmol J 2015; 9:89-100. [PMID: 26069521 PMCID: PMC4460216 DOI: 10.2174/1874364101509010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death and axonal loss. It remains a major cause of blindness worldwide. All current modalities of treatment are focused on lowering intraocular pressure (IOP), and it is evident that increased IOP is an important risk factor for progression of the disease. However, it is clear that a significant number of glaucoma patients show disease progression despite of pressure lowering treatments. Much attention has been given to the development of neuroprotective treatment strategies, but the identification of such has been hampered by lack of understanding of the etiology of glaucoma. Hence, in spite of many attempts no neuroprotective drug has yet been clinically approved. Even though neuroprotection is without doubt an important treatment strategy, many glaucoma subjects are diagnosed after substantial loss of RGCs. In this matter, recent approaches aim to rescue RGCs and regenerate axons in order to restore visual function in glaucoma. The present review seeks to provide an overview of the present and new treatment strategies in the management of glaucoma. The treatment strategies are divided into current available glaucoma medications, new pressure lowering targets, prospective neuroprotective interventions, and finally possible neuroregenrative strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kolko M
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, the Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark ; Department of Ophthalmology, Roskilde University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark ; Center of Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, the Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Fang Y, Ling Z, Sun X. Fixed-combination treatments for intraocular hypertension in Chinese patients - focus on bimatoprost-timolol. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:2617-25. [PMID: 25999695 PMCID: PMC4435054 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s80338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a common eye disease that can lead to irreversible vision loss if left untreated. The early diagnosis and treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma is challenging, and visual impairment in Chinese glaucoma patients is a serious concern. Most of these patients need more than one topical antiglaucoma agent to control their intraocular pressures (IOPs). In the People’s Republic of China, the daily cost of different glaucoma medication varies greatly, and the treatment habits differ throughout the country. Prostaglandin analogs (PGAs) are recommended as first-line monotherapy, because of their efficacy and low risk of systemic side effects. Fixed-combination drops, particularly PGA-based fixed combinations, have recently been developed and used in patients with progression or who have failed to achieve their target IOPs. Here, we reviewed the current literature on the use of bimatoprost-timolol fixed combination (BTFC) in the People’s Republic of China. BTFC has achieved good efficacy and tolerability in Chinese clinical trials. In addition, BTFC is more cost effective compared with other fixed combinations available in the People’s Republic of China. Fixed-combination drops may offer benefits, such as keeping the ocular surface healthy, convenience of administration, and improvement in long-term adherence and quality of life. Therefore, BTFC has great potential for the treatment of Chinese glaucoma patients. However, the long-term efficacy of BTFC, comparisons of BTFC with other fixed-combination drugs, and treatment adherence and persistence with treatment in Chinese patients are unknown and will require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Fang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihong Ling
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghuai Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; Key Laboratory of Myopia, Ministry of Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Holló G, Katsanos A. Safety and tolerability of the tafluprost/timolol fixed combination for the treatment of glaucoma. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2015; 14:609-17. [DOI: 10.1517/14740338.2015.1010507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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DuBiner HB, Hubatsch DA. Late-day intraocular pressure-lowering efficacy and tolerability of travoprost 0.004% versus bimatoprost 0.01% in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension: a randomized trial. BMC Ophthalmol 2014; 14:151. [PMID: 25432143 PMCID: PMC4298043 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2415-14-151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medications to control intraocular pressure (IOP) are frequently preserved using benzalkonium chloride (BAK), which can negatively affect the ocular surface. Data are needed to assess efficacy and safety of prostaglandin drugs preserved with and without BAK. The present study compared the efficacy and safety of BAK-free travoprost 0.004% (TRAV) and BAK 0.02%-preserved bimatoprost 0.01% (BIM) during late-day time points in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. METHODS This was a 12-week, phase 4, randomized, investigator-masked, crossover study. 84 patients with IOP ≥24 and <36 mmHg were randomized 1:1 to receive once-daily TRAV or BIM for 6 weeks followed by an additional 6-week crossover period. IOP was measured at the end of each treatment period at 4, 6, and 8 pm. TRAV was considered noninferior to BIM if the upper limit of the 95% CI of the between-group difference in mean IOP was ≤1.5 mmHg. Adverse events were assessed throughout the study. RESULTS One patient discontinued due to allergic conjunctivitis, and 2 patients with missing data were excluded; 81 patients were included in the per-protocol population (mean ± SD age, 58.3 ± 11.4 years; TRAV/BIM, n = 41; BIM/TRAV, n = 40). After 6 weeks, mean IOP with TRAV (17.4 ± 2.7 mmHg; change from baseline, -6.0 mmHg) was similar to BIM (17.2 ± 2.6 mmHg; change from baseline, -6.3 mmHg); the between-group difference was 0.22 mmHg (95% CI, -0.22 to 0.67). Thus, noninferiority of TRAV versus BIM was demonstrated. Mean IOP at each time point and mean and percentage IOP change from baseline were not significantly different between treatments. All treatment-emergent adverse events were mild to moderate. The incidences of mild ocular hyperemia with TRAV and BIM were 31% and 39%, respectively; moderate hyperemia was observed in 2% of patients receiving BIM. CONCLUSION Late-day IOP-lowering efficacy of BAK-free TRAV was noninferior to that of BAK 0.02%-preserved BIM; both reduced baseline IOP by 25%. Both treatments were well tolerated, although a higher incidence of moderate ocular hyperemia was observed with BIM. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT01464424; registered November 1, 2011.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harvey B DuBiner
- />Clayton Eye Center, 1000 Corporate Center Drive, Suite 102, Morrow, GA 30260 USA
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Wittenberg JB, Zhou W, Wang PG, Krynitsky AJ. Determination of prostaglandin analogs in cosmetic products by high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1359:140-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Craven ER, Alzuhairy SA. Bimatoprost: a unique compound that in its nonhydrolyzed form is a prostamide and hydrolyzed form has prostaglandin receptor activity, for glaucoma and cosmetic indications. EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1586/17469899.2014.917959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
Glaucoma is a chronic, progressive disease in which retinal ganglion cells disappear and subsequent, gradual reductions in the visual field ensues. Glaucoma eye drops have hypotensive effects and like all other medications are associated with adverse effects. Adverse reactions may either result from the main agent or from preservatives used in the drug vehicle. The preservative benzalkonium chloride, is one such compound that causes frequent adverse reactions such as superficial punctate keratitis, corneal erosion, conjunctival allergy, and conjunctival injection. Adverse reactions related to main hypotensive agents have been divided into those affecting the eye and those affecting the entire body. In particular, β-blockers frequently cause systematic adverse reactions, including bradycardia, decrease in blood pressure, irregular pulse and asthma attacks. Prostaglandin analogs have distinctive local adverse reactions, including eyelash bristling/lengthening, eyelid pigmentation, iris pigmentation, and upper eyelid deepening. No systemic adverse reactions have been linked to prostaglandin analog eye drop usage. These adverse reactions may be minimized when they are detected early and prevented by reducing the number of different eye drops used (via fixed combination eye drops), reducing the number of times eye drops are administered, using benzalkonium chloride-free eye drops, using lower concentration eye drops, and providing proper drop instillation training. Additionally, a one-time topical medication can be given to patients to allow observation of any adverse reactions, thereafter the preparation of a topical medication with the fewest known adverse reactions can be prescribed. This does require precise patient monitoring and inquiries about patient symptoms following medication use.
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Fung DS, Whitson JT. An evidence-based review of unoprostone isopropyl ophthalmic solution 0.15% for glaucoma: place in therapy. Clin Ophthalmol 2014; 8:543-54. [PMID: 24648719 PMCID: PMC3958522 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s41562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a progressive, neurodegenerative optic nerve disease that can cause significant visual morbidity and affects over 60 million people worldwide. The only known modifiable risk factor for glaucoma at this time is elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), which may be treated with medications, laser therapy, and/or incisional surgery. Topical ocular medications are commonly used as first-line therapy for glaucoma, although side effects may limit their use. Unoprostone is a novel 22-carbon ocular hypotensive agent that may be advantageous in treating some patients with open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Unlike the 20-carbon prostanoids, such as latanoprost, that lower IOP primarily through an increase in uveoscleral outflow, unoprostone may lower IOP through increased aqueous outflow via the conventional trabecular meshwork pathway. Although not as efficacious as other prostanoids, unoprostone is effective for IOP reduction both as monotherapy and adjunctive therapy with timolol. Unoprostone has decreased affinity for the prostaglandin F2α receptor, which may explain its well tolerated ocular and systemic side effect profile compared with other prostanoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derrick S Fung
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jess T Whitson
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Mizoue S, Nakano T, Fuse N, Iwase A, Matsumoto S, Yoshikawa K. Travoprost with sofZia® preservative system lowered intraocular pressure of Japanese normal tension glaucoma with minimal side effects. Clin Ophthalmol 2014; 8:347-54. [PMID: 24520191 PMCID: PMC3917943 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s57640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to evaluate the effect of travoprost with sofZia® preservative system for lowering the intraocular pressure (IOP) of Japanese normal tension glaucoma (NTG) patients. Methods In this prospective, multicenter, open-label study, Japanese NTG patients with baseline IOPs <20 mmHg were enrolled after three consecutive time measurements taken at screening and baseline visits. Travoprost with sofZia® was instilled once daily. Lowering effect on IOP, conjunctival hyperemia, superficial punctate keratopathy, and adverse events were examined at week 4, 8, and 12 after drug instillation. Results One-hundred and three of the 107 enrolled patients (baseline IOP =15.2±2.0 mmHg [mean ± standard deviation]) completed the study. The mean IOP value as well as percent reduction was significantly reduced at each visit after travoprost with sofZia® initiation (P<0.0001). The conjunctival hyperemia score was 1 or less throughout the study, though it increased significantly over time. No significant change was observed in superficial punctate keratopathy. The cumulative incidence of side effects such as eyelash changes, eyelid pigmentation, and deepening of the upper lid was 47.6%, 27.2%, and 16.5%, respectively. Conclusion Travoprost preserved with sofZia® effectively lowered the IOP of Japanese NTG patients. It was well tolerated with few discontinuations due to adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiro Mizoue
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Tadashi Nakano
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuo Fuse
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Miyagi, Japan
| | | | - Shun Matsumoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Teishin Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Santos-Bueso E, Sáenz-Francés F, Palmero-Fernández L, García-Sáenz S, Martínez-de-la-Casa JM, García-Feijoo J, García-Sánchez J. [Hypertension secondary to treatment with latanoprost]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 90:37-9. [PMID: 24468640 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2013.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
CASE REPORT An 80 year old woman operated on by trabeculectomy for primary open-angle glaucoma due to increased pressure, who started treatment with latanoprost. Monitoring of blood pressure (BP) showed a statistically significant increase in both systolic and diastolic BP, coinciding with the use of topical hypotensive, which resolved by voluntarily suspending treatment, thus increasing again to reintroduce the prostaglandin. DISCUSSION Prostaglandin analogs reduce intraocular pressure to produce vasodilation of the episcleral and ciliary arteries, increasing the outflow of aqueous humor. Cardiovascular effects are rare, but have been described by the vasoconstrictor effect that can trigger the reversible increase in BP, as in this case.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Santos-Bueso
- Unidad de Neurooftalmología, Servicio de Oftalmología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, España.
| | - F Sáenz-Francés
- Unidad de Neurooftalmología, Servicio de Oftalmología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, España
| | - L Palmero-Fernández
- Unidad de Neurooftalmología, Servicio de Oftalmología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, España
| | - S García-Sáenz
- Unidad de Neurooftalmología, Servicio de Oftalmología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, España
| | - J M Martínez-de-la-Casa
- Unidad de Neurooftalmología, Servicio de Oftalmología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, España
| | - J García-Feijoo
- Unidad de Neurooftalmología, Servicio de Oftalmología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, España
| | - J García-Sánchez
- Unidad de Neurooftalmología, Servicio de Oftalmología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, España
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Giannico AT, Lima L, Russ HHA, Montiani-Ferreira F. Eyelash growth induced by topical prostaglandin analogues, bimatoprost, tafluprost, travoprost, and latanoprost in rabbits. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2013; 29:817-20. [PMID: 23981234 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2013.0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Prostaglandin analogues (PGA) are ocular hypotensive agents used for the treatment of glaucoma. Hypertrichosis of the eyelashes has been reported in humans as a side effect. Eyelash growth was investigated with clinical trials in people using bimatoprost. Scattered reports of eyelash growth during the treatment of glaucoma with other PGA are also found in the literature. We investigated the effect of 4 different topical PGA on eyelash length. METHODS Forty New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 4 groups and received daily topical application of bimatoprost, tafluprost, travoprost, and latanoprost in the left eye for 4 weeks. The right eye received no treatment. Eyelash length was measured in both eyes before and after treatment using a stainless steel digital caliper. RESULTS Bimatoprost and tafluprost groups had significant increases in eyelash length. We did not observe significant eyelash growth in rabbits receiving travoprost and latanoprost after 1 month of treatment. CONCLUSIONS Today, only bimatoprost is approved for growing eyelashes, and our research shows that tafluprost could be further explored by the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry. Additional research using travoprost and latanoprost as agents for eyelash growth should be performed in the future using prolonged treatment periods to determine whether or not these PGA induce eyelash growth, and investigate other possible side effects.
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