1
|
Hou YT, Yang CM, Hsieh YT. Macular Structure Characteristics in Unilateral Idiopathic Full-Thickness Macular Hole and the Healthy Fellow Eyes. Ophthalmologica 2024:1-8. [PMID: 39191210 DOI: 10.1159/000541054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to investigate the macular structure and foveal pit characteristics in the unilateral full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) patients and healthy fellow eyes. METHODS Our retrospective investigation included patients with unilateral FTMH as the study group, and age- and sex-matched individuals without vitreomacular diseases as the control group, all from one medical center. FTMHs were categorized into those with epiretinal proliferation, those without epiretinal proliferation, or those lacking vitreomacular separation. Macular parameters including foveal base width (FBW), central foveolar thickness (CFT), central subfield thickness (CST), central subfield volume, and retinal artery trajectory (RAT) were measured via optical coherence tomography and fundus photography. Comparisons of these parameters were made among lesioned eyes, contralateral healthy eyes and normal controls, as well as among different subgroups. RESULTS Sixty-eight unilateral FTMH patients (39 women and 29 men) and 68 normal controls were enrolled. The fellow eyes of unilateral FTMH showed larger FBWs (446.8 ± 98.2 μm) than controls (338.4 ± 80.6 μm, p < 0.001). The lesioned and fellow eyes of unilateral FTMH had smaller RAT values (0.19 ± 0.06 and 0.14 ± 0.04) than controls (0.37 ± 0.14, p < 0.001), indicating wider RAT in both groups. No significant macular structure parameter differences were observed among different FTMH subgroups. Females exhibited larger FBW, thinner CFT and CST, and wider RAT than the age-matched males (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Patients with unilateral FTMH had a wider RAT in both the lesioned and healthy eyes and a wider FBW in their healthy fellow eyes than in controls. Such macular structure characteristics may be prone to macular hole formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Hou
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Section of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-May Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Hsieh
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cheng CY, Hsieh YT, Yang CM. BROAD VITREOMACULAR ATTACHMENT-INDUCED MACULAR HOLE: Structural Changes and Surgical Outcome. Retina 2024; 44:627-634. [PMID: 38064680 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000004018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to describe the structural changes and surgical outcomes of full-thickness macular holes (FTMHs) induced by vitreomacular traction with broad vitreomacular attachment (VMA). METHODS A retrospective analysis of idiopathic FTMHs from October 2010 to May 2022 was conducted. Patients with FTMHs and no retinal detachment (RD) induced by broad VMA (the study group) were compared with a control group consisting of typical FTMHs with focal VMA. RESULTS Thirty-one eyes had broad VMA-associated FTMH, among which seven eyes (22%) were with concurrent RD. Among the total of 24 cases without RD, 8 (33%) exhibited schisis. The incidence of lamellar holes associated epithelial proliferation and multiple membrane traction was significantly higher in the study group. One hundred percent FTMH closure was observed postoperatively in both groups. Although the postoperative visual acuity was not significantly different, the study group showed a greater ellipsoid zone disruption length. CONCLUSION Broad VMA-induced FTMHs are characterized by diverse macular structural changes, including schisis and macular detachment. These FTMHs are associated with a higher incidence of lamellar holes associated epithelial proliferation and multiple membrane traction. Surgical outcomes for FTMHs induced by broad VMA are similar to those induced by typical focal VMA, with both groups demonstrating a 100% hole-closure rate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Yi Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Hsieh
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; and
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-May Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; and
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fang D, Wang L, Chen L, Liang J, Li K, Mao X, Xie T, Zhang S. Vitreomacular Interface Abnormalities in Myopic Foveoschisis: Correlation With Morphological Features and Outcome of Vitrectomy. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:796127. [PMID: 35071276 PMCID: PMC8766811 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.796127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To compare the morphologic characteristics and response to surgery of myopic foveoschisis (MF) with different patterns of vitreomacular interface abnormalities (VMIAs). Methods: In this observational case series, 158 eyes of 121 MF patients with epiretinal membrane (ERM) or vitreomacular traction (VMT) based on optical coherence tomography (OCT) were enrolled. All the eyes were divided into two groups by the pattern of VMIAs: ERM and VMT group. Sixty-one eyes underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and were followed up for at least 6 months. The morphologic characteristics based on OCT and the surgical outcome were evaluated. Outcome: ERM and VMT were found in 47.47 and 52.53% of the cases, respectively. A higher rate of foveal detachment (61.4 vs. 26.7%; p < 0.001) and a higher rate of outer lamellar macular hole (45.8 vs. 21.3%; p = 0.001) were detected in the eyes with VMT compared with those with ERM. In contrast, a lower rate of inner lamellar macular hole (28.9 vs. 60.0%; p = 0.001) was detected in the eyes with VMT compared with those with ERM. The disruption of the external limiting membrane (ELM) was more common in the eyes with VMT than in those with ERM (45.8 vs. 21.3%; p = 0.001). PPV was performed in 61 eyes with a mean follow-up time of 23.55 ± 19.92 months. After surgery, anatomical resolution was achieved in 51 eyes (83.6%). At the final visit, the mean central foveal thickness (CFT) decreased significantly from 547.83 to 118.74 μm, and the mean LogMAR BCVA improved significantly from 0.92 to 0.57. The VMT group was associated with a higher proportion of eyes with visual acuity improvement postoperatively (p = 0.02) and had more a decrease of CFT (P = 0.007) compared with the ERM group. Conclusion: In the eyes with MF, outer retinal lesions occurred more frequently in the eyes with VMT, whereas inner retinal lesions occurred more frequently in the eyes with ERM. Tangential force generated by ERM may act as a causative factor for the inner retinal lesions in MF, and inward-directed force resulting from VMT may act as a causative factor for outer retinal lesions in MF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Fang
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jia Liang
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kunke Li
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xingxing Mao
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ting Xie
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shaochong Zhang
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Grinton M, Melville H, George G, Tyagi P, Avery P, Wickham L, Steel DH. Determinants of vitreomacular traction width: associations with foveal floor width and vitreoretinal interface changes. Acta Ophthalmol 2021; 99:e700-e705. [PMID: 33191646 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the relationship between vitreomacular traction (VMT) width, foveal floor width (FFW) and other anatomical characteristics between eyes of patients with VMT. Retrospective observational study of unilateral and bilateral VMT cases from two specialist ophthalmic centres in the United Kingdom (UK) between 2016 and 2018. For unilateral VMT cases: VMT width in the affected eye and FFW in the non-affected fellow eye were measured. In bilateral VMT cases: VMT width in both eyes was measured. In all cases, the presence of any associated inner or outer retinal, and vitreoretinal interface (VRI) changes, including epiretinal membrane, was also documented. 88 patients fulfilled the study criteria: 57 having unilateral and 31 bilateral VMT. For unilateral VMT cases, log (VMT) width was significantly correlated with FFW (r = 0.347, p = 0.008). Using stepwise linear regression, FFW (p = 0.004) and VRI changes (p = 0.03) were both significantly associated with VMT width with a R2 of 0.21. In bilateral VMT cases, there was strong positive correlation between log (VMT) width (r = 0.88, p < 0.001), and the presence of any VRI (r = 0.90, p < 0.001) or outer retinal changes (r = 0.50, p < 0.001) between the two eyes. These findings suggest that individual variations in foveal morphology as measured by the FFW, along with the presence of vitreoretinal interface changes, are associated with the extent of VMT width. VMT width, VRI and outer retinal changes were also highly correlated between eyes in bilateral VMT, suggesting that individual patient factors, which may be genetic or acquired, determine their presence and extent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - David H. Steel
- Sunderland Eye Infirmary Sunderland UK
- Newcastle University Newcastle Upon Tyne UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kilic D, Kocer D, Sırakaya E, Küçük B, Vural E, Guven S, Duru N. Systemic oxidative stress biomarkers in patients with vitreomacular traction syndrome. Int Ophthalmol 2021; 41:3789-3796. [PMID: 34259960 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-021-01949-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate whether the systemic oxidative stress biomarkers increased in patients with vitreomacular traction syndrome (VMT). METHODS This study compared 25 patients diagnosed with VMT with 20 healthy controls. As a biomarker of systemic oxidative stress, malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured. Total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured to evaluate the systemic oxidant status. RESULTS Serum MDA values were significantly higher among the patients (p < 0.001). The ideal cut-off value for MDA was determined to be 22.1 µmol/L, with 80% sensitivity and 75% specificity. The between-group differences were not statistically significant for TOS or TAS (p = 0.326 and p = 0.698, respectively). CONCLUSION Increased MDA levels suggest that systemic oxidative stress may play a role in VMT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Kilic
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kayseri City Training and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Yakut Region, 3844 Street, House Number: 20/16, 38001, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Derya Kocer
- Department of Biochemistry, Kayseri City Training and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ender Sırakaya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kayseri City Training and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Yakut Region, 3844 Street, House Number: 20/16, 38001, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Bekir Küçük
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kayseri City Training and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Yakut Region, 3844 Street, House Number: 20/16, 38001, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Esra Vural
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kayseri City Training and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Yakut Region, 3844 Street, House Number: 20/16, 38001, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Soner Guven
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kayseri City Training and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Yakut Region, 3844 Street, House Number: 20/16, 38001, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Necati Duru
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kayseri City Training and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Yakut Region, 3844 Street, House Number: 20/16, 38001, Kayseri, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Outer Plexiform Layer Angle: A Prognostic Factor for Idiopathic Macular Pucker Surgery. J Ophthalmol 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/8879212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose. To investigate the efficacy of idiopathic macular pucker (epimacular membrane) surgery and to identify the possible prognostic factor. Methods. This was a retrospective study which enrolled 38 patients with idiopathic macular pucker who underwent 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with indocyanine green-assisted peeling of epiretinal membrane (ERM) and internal limiting membrane (ILM). Visual outcomes were assessed at the baseline and during the follow-up including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and metamorphopsia score, as well as outer plexiform layer (OPL) angle and central retinal thickness (CRT) using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). A comparison was made between patients with the prepeeling CRTs ≥500 μm and those <500 μm. A comparison was also made between patients with the prepeeling OPL angles ≥130° and those <130°. Based on the prepeeling parameters, the correlations between various prepeeling and postpeeling visual functions were analyzed. Results. Mean follow-up was 36.07 ± 4.62 months (range 1.30–96.70 months). BCVA was significantly improved from 0.26 ± 0.03 to 0.67 ± 0.04
; metamorphopsia score was significantly reduced from 1.42 ± 0.16 to 0.61 ± 0.08
; CRT was significantly decreased from 519.62 ± 13.41 μm to 385.37 ± 8.97 μm
. Greater prepeeling OPL angle (≥130°) was associated with significantly greater BCVA improvement (Snellen E/LogMAR:
) and greater metamorphopsia reduction
, as compared to smaller OPL angle (<130°) with less BCVA improvement and less metamorphopsia reduction. However, the final BCVA improvement and metamorphopsia reduction relevant to the prepeeling smaller CRT (<500 μm) did not significantly differ from that relevant to the prepeeling greater CRT (≥500 μm;
). Endophthalmitis, retinal tear, or retinal detachment was not observed after peeling. Conclusion. Indocyanine green-assisted ERM/ILM peeling combined with small gauge vitrectomy is associated with significant visual acuity improvement and metamorphopsia reduction in patients with idiopathic macular pucker. Greater prepeeling OPL angle rather than CRT might act as a useful prognostic factor in predicting better final visual functional outcomes.
Collapse
|
7
|
SIGNIFICANCE OF PREOPERATIVE EXTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE HEIGHT ON VISUAL PROGNOSIS IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING MACULAR HOLE SURGERY. Retina 2020. [PMID: 29517583 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000002137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the association between the vertical elevation of the external limiting membrane (ELM) and visual outcome in patients undergoing surgery for idiopathic full-thickness macular hole. METHODS Retrospective observational study of a consecutive cohort of patients undergoing vitrectomy to treat macular hole. The greatest vertical height of the central ELM above the retinal pigment epithelium (ELM height) was measured on spectral domain optical coherence tomography preoperatively. The relationship of ELM height to other preoperative and postoperative variables, including macular hole width and height, and visual acuity was analyzed. RESULTS Data from 91 eyes of 91 patients who had undergone successful hole closure were included. The mean ELM height was 220 μm (range 100-394). There were significant correlations between the ELM height and the diameter of the hole, hole height, and worsening preoperative visual acuity. For holes less than 400 μm in width, better postoperative visual acuity was significantly predicted by a lower ELM height. CONCLUSION The ELM height varies widely in idiopathic macular hole. It is higher in eyes where the hole is wider and also when the hole itself is higher. For holes of less than 400 μm in width, a lower ELM height is a strong independent predictor of a good postoperative outcome.
Collapse
|
8
|
Liao DY, Liu JH, Zheng YP, Shiu HW, Wang JM, Chao HM. OCT proves that vitreomacular adhesion is significantly more likely to develop vision-threatening retinal complications than vitreomacular separation. BMC Ophthalmol 2020; 20:163. [PMID: 32321473 PMCID: PMC7178608 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-020-01416-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background SD-OCT is becoming commonplace in everyday practice. Vitreomacular adhesions (VMAs) are being more routinely diagnosed. Predictive studies to the natural course of VMA are thus clinically significant. Spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was presently utilized to analyze the incidence of floaters, the complete vitreomacular separation or VMA, the VMA complication, the vitreomacular angle (VMAng), and the complication mechanism. Methods Monthly SD-OCT was performed on patients with/without symptomatic floaters. OCT allowed VMA and vitreomacular separation to be compared. The incidence was assessed applying one-tailed Fisher’s exact tests. The VMAngs between the inner retina and posterior hyaloid were measured, and the complication mechanism was studied using OCT image. For macular hole (MH), pre- and/or post-operative best corrected visual acuities (BCVAs; LogMAR), refractions and photoreceptor conditions were also evaluated. Results Totally, 124 eyes were included; there were 116 eyes with VMA and 8 eyes with vitreomacular separation. Considering the percentages over 124 eyes, floaters were present in 14.5% of enrolled eyes (=18/124), consisting of 12.9% of eyes with VMA (16/124) and 1.6% of eyes with vitreomacular separation (2/124). Moreover, there were twelve eyes (9.7%) with VMA-associated vision-threatening complications, including MH (n = 8; 6.5%), retinal detachment (RD; n = 2; 1.6%), vitreomacular traction (VMT; n = 1; 0.8%) and macular pucker (MP; n = 1; 0.8%). Eyes with initial VMA had a significantly greater possibility of complications than eyes with initial vitreomacular separation (p = 0.03). Among these eyes with MH (n = 8), the pre-operative BCVA (LogMAR) was 1.1 ± 0.5, which was insignificantly (p = 0.35) improved to 0.8 ± 0.7 post-operatively. The VMAng of VMA eyes with MHs was 24.2 ± 24.9° (n = 8). The critical VMAng was 13.3°. Conclusions A minority of eyes with VMA or vitreomacular separation had floaters. Moreover, the use of SD-OCT could identify vision-threatening sequelae, namely MH, RD, MP and VMT, and this was significantly more frequent in eyes with VMA than in eyes with complete vitreomacular separation. Therefore, SD-OCT might be a useful way of identifying either identity, and evaluating VMA-associated complications. Whether VMA eyes with MH (n = 8) that have a VMAng greater than critical VMAng have a greater likelihood of tangential traction and subsequent MH needs further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Ying Liao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jorn-Hon Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ping Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huei-Wen Shiu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Ming Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Hsiao-Ming Chao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Chinese Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Velez G, Machlab DA, Tang PH, Sun Y, Tsang SH, Bassuk AG, Mahajan VB. Proteomic analysis of the human retina reveals region-specific susceptibilities to metabolic- and oxidative stress-related diseases. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193250. [PMID: 29466423 PMCID: PMC5821407 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Differences in regional protein expression within the human retina may explain molecular predisposition of specific regions to ophthalmic diseases like age-related macular degeneration, cystoid macular edema, retinitis pigmentosa, and diabetic retinopathy. To quantify protein levels in the human retina and identify patterns of differentially-expressed proteins, we collected foveomacular, juxta-macular, and peripheral retina punch biopsies from healthy donor eyes and analyzed protein content by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Protein expression was analyzed with 1-way ANOVA, gene ontology, pathway representation, and network analysis. We identified a mean of 1,974 proteins in the foveomacular retina, 1,999 in the juxta-macular retina, and 1,779 in the peripheral retina. Six hundred ninety-seven differentially-expressed proteins included those unique to and abundant in each anatomic region. Proteins with higher expression in each region include: heat-shock protein 90-alpha (HSP90AA1), and pyruvate kinase (PKM) in the foveomacular retina; vimentin (VIM) and fructose-bisphosphate aldolase C (ALDOC); and guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-1 (GNB1) and guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-1 (GNAT1) in the peripheral retina. Pathway analysis identified downstream mediators of the integrin signaling pathway to be highly represented in the foveomacular region (P = 6.48 e-06). Metabolic pathways were differentially expressed among all retinal regions. Gene ontology analysis showed that proteins related to antioxidant activity were higher in the juxta-macular and the peripheral retina, but present in lower amounts in the foveomacular retina. Our proteomic analysis suggests that certain retinal regions are susceptible to different forms of metabolic and oxidative stress. The findings give mechanistic insight into retina function, reveal important molecular processes, and prioritize new pathways for therapeutic targeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Velez
- Omics Laboratory, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Daniel A. Machlab
- Omics Laboratory, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | - Peter H. Tang
- Omics Laboratory, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
- Palo Alto Veterans Administration, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
- Palo Alto Veterans Administration, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | - Stephen H. Tsang
- Jonas Children’s Vision Care, and Bernard & Shirlee Brown Glaucoma Laboratory, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Departments of Ophthalmology, Pathology & Cell Biology, Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Alexander G. Bassuk
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Vinit B. Mahajan
- Omics Laboratory, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
- Palo Alto Veterans Administration, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|