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Li L, Rao J, Lan J, Zhu Y, Gong A, Chu L, Feng F, Xue C. Association between the AKT1 single nucleotide polymorphism (rs2498786, rs2494752 and rs5811155) and microscopic polyangiitis risk in a Chinese population. Mol Genet Genomics 2023; 298:767-776. [PMID: 37029297 PMCID: PMC10133348 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-023-02012-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is an autoimmune disease, characterized by ANCA in blood and necrotizing inflammation of small and medium-sized vessels, one of the three clinical phenotypes of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). Autophagy has been confirmed to be involved in the pathogenesis of AAV. AKT1 is one of the autophagy-regulated proteins. Its single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with multiple immune-related diseases, but there are rarely studies in AAV. The incidence rate of AAV has a notable geographic difference, and MPA is predominant in China. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between AKT1 SNP and MPA risk. Genotypes of 8 loci in AKT1 were evaluated by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and high-throughput sequencing in 416 people, including 208 MPA patients and 208 healthy volunteers from Guangxi in China. Additionally, data of 387 healthy volunteers from China were obtained from the 1000Genomes Project on public database. Differences were observed between the loci (rs2498786, rs2494752, and rs5811155) genotypes in AKT1 and MPA risk (P = 7.0 × 10-4, P = 3.0 × 10-4, and P = 5.9 × 10-5, respectively). A negative association was detected in the Dominant model (P = 1.2 × 10-3, P = 2.0 × 10-4 and P = 3.6 × 10-5, respectively). A haplotype (G-G-T) was associated with MPA risk negatively (P = 7.0 × 10-4). This study suggests that alleles (rs2498786 G, rs2494752 G and rs5811155 insT) are protective factors for MPA and alleles (rs2494752 G and rs5811155 insT) for MPO-ANCA in patients with MPA. There is a haplotype (G-G-T), which is a protective factor for MPA. It suggests that the role of AKT1 in MPA/AAV needs further study to provide more intervention targets for MPA/AAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Li
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Nephrology, Laboratory of Kidney Disease of Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, the First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinlan Rao
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Nephrology, the First Hospital of Foshan City, Foshan, China
| | - Jingjing Lan
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Nephrology, Hengyang Medical School, the First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Aimei Gong
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Liepeng Chu
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Fei Feng
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chao Xue
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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Kawasaki A, Tsuchiya N. Advances in the genomics of ANCA-associated vasculitis-a view from East Asia. Genes Immun 2021; 22:1-11. [PMID: 33686257 DOI: 10.1038/s41435-021-00123-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in populations of European ancestry have identified several susceptibility genes to anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV). The most significant association was observed in HLA-DP variants in granulomatosis with polyangiitis and proteinase 3 (PR3)-ANCA positive vasculitis, while HLA-DQ variants were strongly associated with microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA positive vasculitis (MPO-AAV). In non-HLA genes, SERPINA1, PRTN3 and PTPN22 were identified as susceptibility genes to AAV. The observations in GWAS suggested the presence of shared and non-shared susceptibility genes among AAV subsets. Epidemiological features of AAV are strikingly different in the East Asian populations; the proportions of MPO-AAV among total AAV, MPO-ANCA positive patients among GPA, and patients with interstitial lung disease among total AAV are considerably higher in Japan as compared with Europe. Such population differences suggest the critical role for genetic background behind these conditions. Although no GWAS has been reported in the Asian populations so far, the association of HLA-class II alleles with MPA and MPO-AAV was identified. Future genomics studies on AAV, especially from Asian populations, will provide valuable information to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and to identify molecular targets for AAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Kawasaki
- Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Tsuchiya
- Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
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Nakao M, Miyagaki T, Sugaya M, Sato S. Exacerbated Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis-Like Skin Inflammation in IRF5-Deficient Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103681. [PMID: 32456211 PMCID: PMC7279463 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) play diverse roles in the regulation of the innate and adaptive immune responses in various diseases. In psoriasis, IRF2 is known to be involved in pathogenesis, while studies on other IRFs are limited. In this study, we investigated the role of IRF5 in psoriasis using imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis. Although IRF5 is known to play a critical role in the induction of proinflammatory cytokines by immune cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, and monocytes, IRF5 deficiency unexpectedly exacerbated psoriasiform skin inflammation. The interferon-α and tumor necrosis factor-α mRNA expression levels were decreased, while levels of Th17 cytokines including IL-17, IL-22, and IL-23 were increased in IRF5-deficient mice. Furthermore, IL-23 expression in DCs from IRF5-deficient mice was upregulated both in steady state and after toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist stimulation. Importantly, the expression of IRF4, which is also important for the IL-23 production in DCs, was augmented in DCs from IRF5-deficient mice. Taken together, our results suggest that IRF5 deficiency induces the upregulation of IRF4 in DCs followed by augmented IL-23 production, resulting in the amplification of Th17 responses and the exacerbation of imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation. The regulation of IRF4 or IRF5 expression may be a novel therapeutic approach to psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momoko Nakao
- Department of Dermatology, the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; (M.N.); (M.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Tomomitsu Miyagaki
- Department of Dermatology, the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; (M.N.); (M.S.); (S.S.)
- Department of Dermatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 216-8511, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-44-977-8111; Fax.: +81-44-977-3540
| | - Makoto Sugaya
- Department of Dermatology, the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; (M.N.); (M.S.); (S.S.)
- Department of Dermatology, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba 286-0124, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sato
- Department of Dermatology, the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; (M.N.); (M.S.); (S.S.)
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Harigai M. Can genetic studies predict treatment response in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis? Int J Rheum Dis 2018; 22 Suppl 1:95-99. [DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Harigai
- Division of Epidemiology and Pharmacoepidemiology of Rheumatic Diseases; Institute of Rheumatology; Tokyo Women's Medical University; Tokyo Japan
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Hammad A, Mossad YM, Nasef N, Eid R. Interferon regulatory factor 5 gene polymorphism in Egyptian children with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2017; 26:871-880. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203316686845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Increased expression of interferon-inducible genes is implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) is one of the transcription factors regulating interferon and was proved to be implicated in the pathogenesis of SLE in different populations. Objectives The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between polymorphisms of the IRF5 gene and SLE susceptibility in a cohort of Egyptian children and to investigate their association with clinico-pathological features, especially lupus nephritis. Subjects and methods Typing of interferon regulatory factor 5 rs10954213, rs2004640 and rs2280714 polymorphisms were done using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism for 100 children with SLE and 100 matched healthy controls. Results Children with SLE had more frequent T allele and TT genotype of rs2004640 ( Pc = 0.003 and 0.024, respectively) compared to controls. Patients with nephritis had more frequent T allele of rs2004640 compared to controls ( Pc = 0.003). However the allele and genotype frequencies of the three studied polymorphisms did not show any difference in patients with nephritis in comparison to those without nephritis. Haplotype GTA of rs10954213, rs2004640 and rs2280714, respectively, was more frequent in lupus patients in comparison to controls ( p = 0.01) while the haplotype GGG was more frequent in controls than lupus patients ( p = 0.011). Conclusion The rs2004640 T allele and TT genotype and GTA haplotype of rs rs10954213, rs2004640, and rs2280714, respectively, can be considered as risk factors for the development of SLE. The presence of the rs2004640 T allele increases the risk of nephritis development in Egyptian children with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hammad
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Y M Mossad
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Clinical Pathology Department & Mansoura Research Centre for Cord Stem Cells (MARC_CSC), Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - N Nasef
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - R Eid
- Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
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Alberici F, Martorana D, Vaglio A. Genetic aspects of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2014; 30 Suppl 1:i37-45. [PMID: 25523449 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfu386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetics of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a complex area of investigation because of the low frequency of AAVs, the rarity of familial cases and the complexity of disease phenotypes. However, recent studies have been able to gather significant numbers of patients, and multicentre collaborative efforts have allowed the performance of two genome-wide association studies (GWASs). Genetic association studies based on candidate gene approaches and the two GWASs have greatly contributed to our current understanding of the genetic basis of AAV. The central role of autoimmunity has been confirmed by the significant association with HLA polymorphisms; interestingly, the three main AAV subtypes are associated with distinct HLA variants, i.e. granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's GPA) with HLA-DP1, microscopic polyangiitis with HLA-DQ and eosinophilic GPA (Churg-Strauss) with HLA-DRB4. GWASs also revealed that polymorphic variants of genes encoding proteinase 3 (PR3), the predominant antigenic target of ANCA in GPA, and its main inhibitor, alpha-1 antitrypsin, are highly associated with GPA and, even more significantly, with PR3-ANCA positivity (regardless of the clinical diagnosis); this emphasizes the central pathogenic role of PR3 and humoral autoimmunity in PR3-ANCA positive vasculitis. Finally, candidate gene approach studies have shown associations with other variants involved in autoimmunity, such as those belonging to the CTLA-4 and PTPN22 genes, although these findings warrant replication in larger studies. Additional studies are underway to better characterize disease associations within the AAV spectrum, which could provide new pathogenetic clues and possibly new treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Alberici
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK Vasculitis and Lupus Service, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK Nephrology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Davide Martorana
- Unit of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Augusto Vaglio
- Nephrology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Makino H, Sada KE. [The cutting-edge of medicine: vasculitis syndrome update]. NIHON NAIKA GAKKAI ZASSHI. THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2014; 103:166-172. [PMID: 24605505 DOI: 10.2169/naika.103.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Makino
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan
| | - Ken-Ei Sada
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan
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