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Jiang L, Yang S, Deng L, Luo J, Zhang X, Chen S, Dong Z. ARL13B promotes cell cycle through the sonic hedgehog signaling pathway to alleviate nerve damage during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in rats. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 227:116446. [PMID: 39038552 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (CIRI) is a leading cause of death worldwide. A small GTPase known as ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 13B (ARL13B) is essential in several illnesses. The role of ARL13B in CIRI remains unknown, though. A middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) in rats as well as an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) models in PC12 cells were constructed. The neuroprotective effects of ARL13B against MCAO/R were evaluated using neurological scores, TTC staining, rotarod testing, H&E staining, and Nissl staining. To detect the expression of proteins associated with the SHH pathway and apoptosis, western blotting and immunofluorescence were employed. Apoptosis was detected using TUNEL assays and flow cytometry. There was increased expression of ARL13B in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion models. However, ARL13B knockdown aggravated CIRI nerve injury by inhibiting the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway. In addition, the use of SHH pathway agonist (SAG) can increased ARL13B expression, reverse the effects of ARL13B knockdown exacerbating CIRI nerve injury. ARL13B alleviated cerebral infarction and pathological injury and played a protective role against MCAO/R. Furthermore, ARL13B significantly increased the expression of SHH pathway-related proteins and the anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2, while decreased the expression of pro-apoptotic protein BAX, thus reducing apoptosis. The results from the OGD/R model in PC12 cells were consistent with those obtained in vivo. Surprisingly, we demonstrated that ARL13B regulates the cell cycle to protect against CIRI nerve injury. Our findings indicate that ARL13B protects against CIRI by reducing apoptosis through SHH-dependent pathway activation, and suggest that ARL13B plays a crucial role in CIRI pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Shaonan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ling Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jingjing Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Sha Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Zhi Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing 400016, China.
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2
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Coles CA, Woodman KG, Gibbs EM, Crosbie RH, White JD, Lamandé SR. Benfotiamine improves dystrophic pathology and exercise capacity in mdx mice by reducing inflammation and fibrosis. Hum Mol Genet 2024; 33:1339-1355. [PMID: 38710523 PMCID: PMC11262745 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddae066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive and fatal neuromuscular disease. Cycles of myofibre degeneration and regeneration are hallmarks of the disease where immune cells infiltrate to repair damaged skeletal muscle. Benfotiamine is a lipid soluble precursor to thiamine, shown clinically to reduce inflammation in diabetic related complications. We assessed whether benfotiamine administration could reduce inflammation related dystrophic pathology. Benfotiamine (10 mg/kg/day) was fed to male mdx mice (n = 7) for 15 weeks from 4 weeks of age. Treated mice had an increased growth weight (5-7 weeks) and myofibre size at treatment completion. Markers of dystrophic pathology (area of damaged necrotic tissue, central nuclei) were reduced in benfotiamine mdx quadriceps. Grip strength was increased and improved exercise capacity was found in mdx treated with benfotiamine for 12 weeks, before being placed into individual cages and allowed access to an exercise wheel for 3 weeks. Global gene expression profiling (RNAseq) in the gastrocnemius revealed benfotiamine regulated signalling pathways relevant to dystrophic pathology (Inflammatory Response, Myogenesis) and fibrotic gene markers (Col1a1, Col1a2, Col4a5, Col5a2, Col6a2, Col6a2, Col6a3, Lum) towards wildtype levels. In addition, we observed a reduction in gene expression of inflammatory gene markers in the quadriceps (Emr1, Cd163, Cd4, Cd8, Ifng). Overall, these data suggest that benfotiamine reduces dystrophic pathology by acting on inflammatory and fibrotic gene markers and signalling pathways. Given benfotiamine's excellent safety profile and current clinical use, it could be used in combination with glucocorticoids to treat DMD patients.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred mdx
- Fibrosis/drug therapy
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/drug therapy
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/genetics
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/pathology
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/physiopathology
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/metabolism
- Inflammation/drug therapy
- Inflammation/genetics
- Inflammation/pathology
- Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Male
- Thiamine/analogs & derivatives
- Thiamine/pharmacology
- Physical Conditioning, Animal
- Disease Models, Animal
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal A Coles
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Keryn G Woodman
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Department of Genetics, Yale Medical School, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Gibbs
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, 612 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles 90095, California, USA
- Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California, 615 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles 90095, California, USA
| | - Rachelle H Crosbie
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, 612 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles 90095, California, USA
- Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California, 615 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles 90095, California, USA
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, 610 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Jason D White
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Charles Sturt University, Office of the Deputy Vice Chancellor Research, Boorooma Street, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
| | - Shireen R Lamandé
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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3
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Rota Graziosi E, François S, Nasser F, Gauthier M, Oger M, Favier AL, Drouet M, Jullien N, Riccobono D. Comparison of Three Antagonists of Hedgehog Pathway to Promote Skeletal Muscle Regeneration after High Dose Irradiation. Radiat Res 2024; 201:429-439. [PMID: 38253061 DOI: 10.1667/rade-23-00140.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The current geopolitical context has brought the radiological nuclear risk to the forefront of concerns. High-dose localized radiation exposure leads to the development of a musculocutaneous radiation syndrome affecting the skin and subcutaneous muscles. Despite the implementation of a gold standard treatment based on an invasive surgical procedure coupled with autologous cell therapy, a muscular defect frequently persists. Targeting the modulation of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway appears to be a promising therapeutic approach. Activation of this pathway enhances cell survival and promotes proliferation after irradiation, while inhibition by Cyclopamine facilitates differentiation. In this study, we compared the effects of three antagonists of Hh, Cyclopamine (CA), Vismodegib (VDG) and Sonidegib (SDG) on differentiation. A stable cell line of murine myoblasts, C2C12, was exposed to X-ray radiation (5 Gy) and treated with CA, VDG or SDG. Analysis of proliferation, survival (apoptosis), morphology, myogenesis genes expression and proteins production were performed. According to the results, VDG does not have a significant impact on C2C12 cells. SDG increases the expression/production of differentiation markers to a similar extent as CA, while morphologically, SDG proves to be more effective than CA. To conclude, SDG can be used in the same way as CA but already has a marketing authorization with an indication against basal cell cancers, facilitating their use in vivo. This proof of concept demonstrates that SDG represents a promising alternative to CA to promotes differentiation of murine myoblasts. Future studies on isolated and cultured satellite cells and in vivo will test this proof of concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Rota Graziosi
- IRBA, French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Radiobiology unit, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Sabine François
- IRBA, French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Radiobiology unit, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- INSERM, UMR1296, Radiations: Defense, Health, Environment, Lyon and Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Farah Nasser
- IRBA, French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Radiobiology unit, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Michel Gauthier
- IRBA, French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Radiobiology unit, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Myriam Oger
- IRBA, French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Imagery Unit, Department of Platforms and Technology Research, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Anne-Laure Favier
- IRBA, French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Imagery Unit, Department of Platforms and Technology Research, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Michel Drouet
- INSERM, UMR1296, Radiations: Defense, Health, Environment, Lyon and Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- IRBA, French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Radiations Bioeffects Department, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Nicolas Jullien
- IRBA, French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Radiobiology unit, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Diane Riccobono
- INSERM, UMR1296, Radiations: Defense, Health, Environment, Lyon and Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
- IRBA, French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, Radiations Bioeffects Department, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
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4
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Espino-Gonzalez E, Tickle PG, Altara R, Gallagher H, Cheng CW, Engman V, Wood N, Justo da Silva GJ, Scalabrin M, Yu X, Zhong Z, Colman MA, Yuldasheva NY, Booz GW, Adams V, Pereira MG, Cataliotti A, Roberts LD, Egginton S, Bowen TS. Caloric Restriction Rejuvenates Skeletal Muscle Growth in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2024; 9:223-240. [PMID: 38510717 PMCID: PMC10950401 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a major clinical problem, with limited treatments. HFpEF is characterized by a distinct, but poorly understood, skeletal muscle pathology, which could offer an alternative therapeutic target. In a rat model, we identified impaired myonuclear accretion as a mechanism for low myofiber growth in HFpEF following resistance exercise. Acute caloric restriction rescued skeletal muscle pathology in HFpEF, whereas cardiac therapies had no effect. Mechanisms regulating myonuclear accretion were dysregulated in patients with HFpEF. Overall, these findings may have widespread implications in HFpEF, indicating combined dietary with exercise interventions as a beneficial approach to overcome skeletal muscle pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ever Espino-Gonzalez
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Peter G. Tickle
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Raffaele Altara
- Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Harrison Gallagher
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Chew W. Cheng
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Viktor Engman
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Nathanael Wood
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mattia Scalabrin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Xinyue Yu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Ziyi Zhong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Michael A. Colman
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Nadira Y. Yuldasheva
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - George W. Booz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Volker Adams
- Heart Center Dresden, TU-Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marcelo G. Pereira
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandro Cataliotti
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lee D. Roberts
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart Egginton
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - T. Scott Bowen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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5
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Suzuki S, Hayashi T, Egawa T. Advanced glycation end products inhibit proliferation and primary cilia formation of myoblasts through receptor for advanced glycation end products pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 684:149141. [PMID: 37897908 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
The loss of skeletal muscle mass leads to various adverse conditions and shortened lifespan. The inhibition of myoblast proliferation is one of the causes that trigger muscle atrophy. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) contribute to muscle atrophy. Since primary cilia are crucial organelles for proliferation, AGEs may inhibit primary cilia formation of myoblasts, thereby leading to impaired proliferation. Therefore, we aimed to clarify whether AGEs impeded the proliferation and formation of primary cilia of C2C12 skeletal muscle cells. AGE treatment inhibited the proliferation and formation of primary cilia. However, the inhibitor of the receptor for advanced glycosylation end products (RAGEs) abolished the inhibition of the proliferation and the primary cilia formation of C2C12 cells by AGEs, suggesting that AGEs cause these inhibitions through the RAGE pathway. In summary, our findings suggested that AGEs suppress the proliferation and formation of primary cilia of myoblasts through the RAGE pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Suzuki
- Laboratory of Health and Exercise Sciences, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Hayashi
- Laboratory of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Egawa
- Laboratory of Health and Exercise Sciences, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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6
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Norris AM, Appu AB, Johnson CD, Zhou LY, McKellar DW, Renault MA, Hammers D, Cosgrove BD, Kopinke D. Hedgehog signaling via its ligand DHH acts as cell fate determinant during skeletal muscle regeneration. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3766. [PMID: 37355632 PMCID: PMC10290686 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39506-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Successful muscle regeneration relies on the interplay of multiple cell populations. However, the signals required for this coordinated intercellular crosstalk remain largely unknown. Here, we describe how the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway controls the fate of fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs), the cellular origin of intramuscular fat (IMAT) and fibrotic scar tissue. Using conditional mutagenesis and pharmacological Hh modulators in vivo and in vitro, we identify DHH as the key ligand that acts as a potent adipogenic brake by preventing the adipogenic differentiation of FAPs. Hh signaling also impacts muscle regeneration, albeit indirectly through induction of myogenic factors in FAPs. Our results also indicate that ectopic and sustained Hh activation forces FAPs to adopt a fibrogenic fate resulting in widespread fibrosis. In this work, we reveal crucial post-developmental functions of Hh signaling in balancing tissue regeneration and fatty fibrosis. Moreover, they provide the exciting possibility that mis-regulation of the Hh pathway with age and disease could be a major driver of pathological IMAT formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra M Norris
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ambili Bai Appu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Connor D Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lylybell Y Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - David W McKellar
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Marie-Ange Renault
- Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, INSERM, University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - David Hammers
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Benjamin D Cosgrove
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Kopinke
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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7
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Brun CE, Sincennes MC, Lin AYT, Hall D, Jarassier W, Feige P, Le Grand F, Rudnicki MA. GLI3 regulates muscle stem cell entry into G Alert and self-renewal. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3961. [PMID: 35803939 PMCID: PMC9270324 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31695-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Satellite cells are required for the growth, maintenance, and regeneration of skeletal muscle. Quiescent satellite cells possess a primary cilium, a structure that regulates the processing of the GLI family of transcription factors. Here we find that GLI3 processing by the primary cilium plays a critical role for satellite cell function. GLI3 is required to maintain satellite cells in a G0 dormant state. Strikingly, satellite cells lacking GLI3 enter the GAlert state in the absence of injury. Furthermore, GLI3 depletion stimulates expansion of the stem cell pool. As a result, satellite cells lacking GLI3 display rapid cell-cycle entry, increased proliferation and augmented self-renewal, and markedly enhanced regenerative capacity. At the molecular level, we establish that the loss of GLI3 induces mTORC1 signaling activation. Therefore, our results provide a mechanism by which GLI3 controls mTORC1 signaling, consequently regulating muscle stem cell activation and fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E Brun
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Sincennes
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Alexander Y T Lin
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Derek Hall
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - William Jarassier
- Univ Lyon, Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, INSERM, Pathophysiology and Genetics of Neuron and Muscle, UMR5261, U1315, Institut NeuroMyoGène, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Peter Feige
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Fabien Le Grand
- Univ Lyon, Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, INSERM, Pathophysiology and Genetics of Neuron and Muscle, UMR5261, U1315, Institut NeuroMyoGène, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Michael A Rudnicki
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada.
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8
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Bidirectional roles of skeletal muscle fibro-adipogenic progenitors in homeostasis and disease. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 80:101682. [PMID: 35809776 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia and myopathies cause progressive muscle weakness and degeneration, which are closely associated with fat infiltration and fibrosis in muscle. Recently, experimental research has shed light on fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs), also known as muscle-resident mesenchymal progenitors with multiple differentiation potential for adipogenesis, fibrosis, osteogenesis and chondrogenesis. They are considered key regulators of muscle homeostasis and integrity. They play supportive roles in muscle development and repair by orchestrating the regulatory interplay between muscle stem cells (MuSCs) and immune cells. Interestingly, FAPs also contribute to intramuscular fat infiltration, fibrosis and other pathologies when the functional integrity of the network is compromised. In this review, we summarize recent insights into the roles of FAPs in maintenance of skeletal muscle homeostasis, and discuss the underlying mechanisms regulating FAPs behavior and fate, highlighting their roles in participating in efficient muscle repair and fat infiltrated muscle degeneration as well as during muscle atrophy. We suggest that controlling and predicting FAPs differentiation may become a promising strategy to improve muscle function and prevent irreparable muscle damage.
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9
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Liu Y, Li Y, Liang J, Sun Z, Wu Q, Liu Y, Sun C. Leptin: an entry point for the treatment of peripheral tissue fibrosis and related diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 106:108608. [PMID: 35180626 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Leptin is a small peptide mainly secreted by adipocyte, which acts on the central nervous system of the hypothalamus to regulate the body's energy balance by inhibiting food intake, it also can directly act on specific cells through leptin receptors (for example, ObRa, which exists in the blood-brain barrier or kidneys), thereby affect cell metabolism. Excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) causes damage to normal tissues or destruction of organ structure, which will eventually lead to tissue or organ fibrosis. The sustainable development of fibrosis can lead to structural damage and functional decline of organs, and even exhaustion, which seriously threatens human health and life. In recent years, studies have found that leptin directly alleviates the fibrosis process of various tissues and organs in mammals. Therefore, we speculate that leptin may become a significant treatment for fibrosis of various tissues and organs in the future. So, the main purpose of this review is to explore the specific mechanism of leptin in the process of fibrosis in multiple tissues and organs, and to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of various tissues and organs fibrosis and related diseases caused by it, which is of great significance in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexia Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Yizhou Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Juntong Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Zhuwen Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Qiong Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China.
| | - Yongnian Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Medical College, Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, China.
| | - Chao Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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10
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Rota Graziosi E, François S, Pateux J, Gauthier M, Butigieg X, Oger M, Drouet M, Riccobono D, Jullien N. Muscle regeneration after high-dose radiation exposure: therapeutic potential of Hedgehog pathway modulation? Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 98:968-979. [PMID: 34879217 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.2013574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Intentional or accidental exposure of relatively large as well as localized areas of the skin to ionizing radiation can lead to severe damage of many of its cellular components and cutaneous radiation syndrome. Patients can be treated with an invasive surgical procedure coupled with autologous cell therapy. However, this approach remains perfectible, especially for muscle repair. Indeed, a severe underlying muscle defect persists, in particular because of the damage to the satellite cells which ensure muscle regeneration. To overcome these shortcomings, a solution could be to develop new therapeutic strategies based on pharmacological treatments to improve post-irradiation muscle regeneration. In this study, we focus on the Hedgehog signaling pathway as a target, due to its involvement in myogenesis.Materials and methods: To evaluate the benefit of the pro-myogenic Hedgehog signaling pathway modulation, recombinant Sonic Hedgehog (rShh; agonist) or Cyclopamine (antagonist) were used in a stable cell line of mouse C2C12 myoblasts exposed to radiation (X-rays; 5 Gy). Our in vitro studies were carried out under either proliferation or differentiation conditions. Proliferation, migration, survival (apoptosis) and expression of myogenic genes/proteins were evaluated.Results: A high dose of radiation was shown to exert a serious negative impact in our in vitro model of mouse muscle progenitors after irradiation in proliferation or differentiation conditions. Interestingly, Hh pathway stimulation by rShh promotes the proliferation of myoblasts and their survival while its blockade by Cyclopamine significantly increases cell differentiation toward mature myotubes.Conclusion: These data suggest that, after irradiation, the sequence of activation and inhibition of the Hh pathway could allow rescue and proliferation of satellite cells, followed by their differentiation to regenerate new fibers. On the basis of these encouraging in vitro results, the second phase of our study will involve the in vivo validation of this treatment in a new murine model of ultra-localized muscle irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Rota Graziosi
- Département des Effets Biologiques des Rayonnements, Institut de Recherche Biomedicale des Armées (IRBA), Unité de Radiobiologie, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - S François
- Département des Effets Biologiques des Rayonnements, Institut de Recherche Biomedicale des Armées (IRBA), Unité de Radiobiologie, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France.,UMR 1296, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) and IRBA, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - J Pateux
- Département des Effets Biologiques des Rayonnements, Institut de Recherche Biomedicale des Armées (IRBA), Unité de Radiobiologie, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - M Gauthier
- Département des Effets Biologiques des Rayonnements, Institut de Recherche Biomedicale des Armées (IRBA), Unité de Radiobiologie, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - X Butigieg
- Département des Plateformes et de la Recherche Technologique, Institut de Recherche Biomédical des Armées (IRBA), Unité Imagerie, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - M Oger
- Département des Plateformes et de la Recherche Technologique, Institut de Recherche Biomédical des Armées (IRBA), Unité Imagerie, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - M Drouet
- Département des Effets Biologiques des Rayonnements, Institut de Recherche Biomedicale des Armées (IRBA), Unité de Radiobiologie, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France.,UMR 1296, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) and IRBA, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - D Riccobono
- Département des Effets Biologiques des Rayonnements, Institut de Recherche Biomedicale des Armées (IRBA), Unité de Radiobiologie, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France.,UMR 1296, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) and IRBA, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - N Jullien
- Département des Effets Biologiques des Rayonnements, Institut de Recherche Biomedicale des Armées (IRBA), Unité de Radiobiologie, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
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11
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Giarretta I, Sturiale CL, Gatto I, Pacioni S, Gaetani E, Porfidia A, Puca A, Palucci I, Tondi P, Olivi A, Pallini R, Pola R. Sonic hedgehog is expressed in human brain arteriovenous malformations and induces arteriovenous malformations in vivo. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2021; 41:324-335. [PMID: 32169015 PMCID: PMC8369994 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x20912405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abnormalities in arterial versus venous endothelial cell identity and dysregulation of angiogenesis are deemed important in the pathophysiology of brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). The Sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway is crucial for both angiogenesis and arterial versus venous differentiation of endothelial cells, through its dual role on the vascular endothelial growth factor/Notch signaling and the nuclear orphan receptor COUP-TFII. In this study, we show that Shh, Gli1 (the main transcription factor of the Shh pathway), and COUP-TFII (a target of the non-canonical Shh pathway) are aberrantly expressed in human brain AVMs. We also show that implantation of pellets containing Shh in the cornea of Efnb2/LacZ mice induces growth of distinct arteries and veins, interconnected by complex sets of arteriovenous shunts, without an interposed capillary bed, as seen in AVMs. We also demonstrate that injection in the rat brain of a plasmid containing the human Shh gene induces the growth of tangles of tortuous and dilated vessels, in part positive and in part negative for the arterial marker αSMA, with direct connections between αSMA-positive and -negative vessels. In summary, we show that the Shh pathway is active in human brain AVMs and that Shh-induced angiogenesis has characteristics reminiscent of those seen in AVMs in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Giarretta
- Department of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmelo L Sturiale
- Division of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Gatto
- Department of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Pacioni
- Division of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Gaetani
- Department of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Porfidia
- Department of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Puca
- Division of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Ivana Palucci
- Istitute of Microbiology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Tondi
- Department of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Olivi
- Division of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Pallini
- Division of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Pola
- Department of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Division of Cardiovascular Research, St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
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12
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Kopinke D, Norris AM, Mukhopadhyay S. Developmental and regenerative paradigms of cilia regulated hedgehog signaling. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 110:89-103. [PMID: 32540122 PMCID: PMC7736055 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Primary cilia are immotile appendages that have evolved to receive and interpret a variety of different extracellular cues. Cilia play crucial roles in intercellular communication during development and defects in cilia affect multiple tissues accounting for a heterogeneous group of human diseases called ciliopathies. The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is one of these cues and displays a unique and symbiotic relationship with cilia. Not only does Hh signaling require cilia for its function but the majority of the Hh signaling machinery is physically located within the cilium-centrosome complex. More specifically, cilia are required for both repressing and activating Hh signaling by modifying bifunctional Gli transcription factors into repressors or activators. Defects in balancing, interpreting or establishing these repressor/activator gradients in Hh signaling either require cilia or phenocopy disruption of cilia. Here, we will summarize the current knowledge on how spatiotemporal control of the molecular machinery of the cilium allows for a tight control of basal repression and activation states of the Hh pathway. We will then discuss several paradigms on how cilia influence Hh pathway activity in tissue morphogenesis during development. Last, we will touch on how cilia and Hh signaling are being reactivated and repurposed during adult tissue regeneration. More specifically, we will focus on mesenchymal stem cells within the connective tissue and discuss the similarities and differences of how cilia and ciliary Hh signaling control the formation of fibrotic scar and adipose tissue during fatty fibrosis of several tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kopinke
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Alessandra M Norris
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Saikat Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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13
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Treatment of Dystrophic mdx Mice with an ADAMTS-5 Specific Monoclonal Antibody Increases the Ex Vivo Strength of Isolated Fast Twitch Hindlimb Muscles. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10030416. [PMID: 32156081 PMCID: PMC7175239 DOI: 10.3390/biom10030416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant extracellular matrix synthesis and remodeling contributes to muscle degeneration and weakness in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). ADAMTS-5, a secreted metalloproteinase with catalytic activity against versican, is implicated in myogenesis and inflammation. Here, using the mdx mouse model of DMD, we report increased ADAMTS-5 expression in dystrophic hindlimb muscles, localized to regions of regeneration and inflammation. To investigate the pathophysiological significance of this, 4-week-old mdx mice were treated with an ADAMTS-5 monoclonal antibody (mAb) or IgG2c (IgG) isotype control for 3 weeks. ADAMTS-5 mAb treatment did not reduce versican processing, as protein levels of the cleaved versikine fragment did not differ between hindlimb muscles from ADAMTS-5 mAb or IgG treated mdx mice. Nonetheless, ADAMTS-5 blockade improved ex vivo strength of isolated fast extensor digitorum longus, but not slow soleus, muscles. The underpinning mechanism may include modulation of regenerative myogenesis, as ADAMTS-5 blockade reduced the number of recently repaired desmin positive myofibers without affecting the number of desmin positive muscle progenitor cells. Treatment with the ADAMTS-5 mAb did not significantly affect makers of muscle damage, inflammation, nor fiber size. Altogether, the positive effects of ADAMTS-5 blockade in dystrophic muscles are fiber-type-specific and independent of versican processing.
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14
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Wang J, Ge J, Cao H, Zhang X, Guo Y, Li X, Xia B, Yang G, Shi X. Leptin Promotes White Adipocyte Browning by Inhibiting the Hh Signaling Pathway. Cells 2019; 8:cells8040372. [PMID: 31022919 PMCID: PMC6523697 DOI: 10.3390/cells8040372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptin is an important secretory protein that regulates the body’s intake and energy consumption, and the functions of the Hh signaling pathway related to white adipocyte browning are controversial. It has been reported that leptin plays a critical role in adipogenesis by regulating the Hh signaling pathway, but whether there is a functional relationship between leptin, the Hh signaling pathway, and adipocyte browning is not clear. In this research, mouse white pre-adipocytes were isolated to explore the influence of the Hh signal pathway and leptin during the process described above. This showed that leptin decreased high fat diet-induced obese mice body weight and inhibited the Hh signaling pathway, which suggested that leptin and the Hh signaling pathway have an important role in obesity. After activation of the Hh signaling pathway, significantly decreased browning fat-relative gene expression levels were recorded, whereas inhibition of the Hh signaling pathway significantly up-regulated the expression of these genes. Similarly, leptin also up-regulated the expression of these genes, and increased mitochondrial DNA content, but decreased the expression of Gli, the key transcription factors of the Hh signaling pathway. In short, the results show that leptin promotes white adipocyte browning through inhibiting the Hh signaling pathway. Overall, these results demonstrate that leptin serves as a potential intervention to decrease obesity by inhibiting the Hh signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jing Ge
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Haigang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Bo Xia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Gongshe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xin'e Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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15
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Peng L, Yin J, Ge M, Wang S, Xie L, Li Y, Si JQ, Ma K. Isoflurane Post-conditioning Ameliorates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Enhancing Angiogenesis Through Activating the Shh/Gli Signaling Pathway in Rats. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:321. [PMID: 31024240 PMCID: PMC6465767 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Angiogenesis facilitates the formation of microvascular networks and promotes recovery after stroke. The Shh/Gli signaling pathway is implicated in angiogenesis and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. This study aimed at investigating the influence of isoflurane (ISO) post-conditioning on brain lesions and angiogenesis after I/R injury. Methods: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), 1.5 h occlusion and 24 h reperfusion (MCAO/R). The ISO post-conditioning group (ISO group) received 1 h ISO post-conditioning when reperfusion was initiated. Neurobehavioral tests, TTC staining, HE staining, Nissl staining, TUNEL staining, immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochemistry (IH) and Western blot were performed to assess the effect of ISO after I/R injury. Results: ISO post-conditioning resulted in lower infarct volumes and neurologic deficit scores, higher rate of neurons survival, and less damaged and apoptotic cells after cerebral I/R injury in rats. Meanwhile, ISO post-conditioning significantly increased the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CD34 in the ischemic penumbra, relative to that in the Sham and I/R groups. However, cyclopamine, the specific inhibitor of the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway, decreased the expression levels of VEGF and CD34, and counteracted the protective effects of ISO post-conditioning against I/R injury in rats. Conclusions: ISO post-conditioning enhances angiogenesis in vivo partly via the Shh/Gli signaling pathway. Thus, Shh/Gli may represent new therapeutic targets for aiding recovery from stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Jiangwen Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Mingyue Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Liping Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Jun-Qiang Si
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shihezi University and The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, China
| | - Ketao Ma
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shihezi University and The Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi, China
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16
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Gulino R, Vicario N, Giunta MAS, Spoto G, Calabrese G, Vecchio M, Gulisano M, Leanza G, Parenti R. Neuromuscular Plasticity in a Mouse Neurotoxic Model of Spinal Motoneuronal Loss. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061500. [PMID: 30917493 PMCID: PMC6471664 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the relevant research efforts, the causes of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are still unknown and no effective cure is available. Many authors suggest that ALS is a multi-system disease caused by a network failure instead of a cell-autonomous pathology restricted to motoneurons. Although motoneuronal loss is the critical hallmark of ALS given their specific vulnerability, other cell populations, including muscle and glial cells, are involved in disease onset and progression, but unraveling their specific role and crosstalk requires further investigation. In particular, little is known about the plastic changes of the degenerating motor system. These spontaneous compensatory processes are unable to halt the disease progression, but their elucidation and possible use as a therapeutic target represents an important aim of ALS research. Genetic animal models of disease represent useful tools to validate proven hypotheses or to test potential therapies, and the conception of novel hypotheses about ALS causes or the study of pathogenic mechanisms may be advantaged by the use of relatively simple in vivo models recapitulating specific aspects of the disease, thus avoiding the inclusion of too many confounding factors in an experimental setting. Here, we used a neurotoxic model of spinal motoneuron depletion induced by injection of cholera toxin-B saporin in the gastrocnemius muscle to investigate the possible occurrence of compensatory changes in both the muscle and spinal cord. The results showed that, following the lesion, the skeletal muscle became atrophic and displayed electromyographic activity similar to that observed in ALS patients. Moreover, the changes in muscle fiber morphology were different from that observed in ALS models, thus suggesting that some muscular effects of disease may be primary effects instead of being simply caused by denervation. Notably, we found plastic changes in the surviving motoneurons that can produce a functional restoration probably similar to the compensatory changes occurring in disease. These changes could be at least partially driven by glutamatergic signaling, and astrocytes contacting the surviving motoneurons may support this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Gulino
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy.
| | - Nunzio Vicario
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy.
| | - Maria A S Giunta
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy.
| | - Graziana Spoto
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Calabrese
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy.
| | - Michele Vecchio
- Rehabilitation Unit, "AOU Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele" and Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy.
| | - Massimo Gulisano
- Laboratory of Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Catania 95125, Italy.
| | - Giampiero Leanza
- Laboratory of Neurogenesis and Repair, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Catania 95125, Italy.
| | - Rosalba Parenti
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy.
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17
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Giarretta I, Gatto I, Marcantoni M, Lupi G, Tonello D, Gaetani E, Pitocco D, Iezzi R, Truma A, Porfidia A, Visonà A, Tondi P, Pola R. Microparticles Carrying Sonic Hedgehog Are Increased in Humans with Peripheral Artery Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123954. [PMID: 30544841 PMCID: PMC6320804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is a prototypical angiogenic agent with a crucial role in the regulation of angiogenesis. Experimental studies have shown that Shh is upregulated in response to ischemia. Also, Shh may be found on the surface of circulating microparticles (MPs) and MPs bearing Shh (Shh + MPs) have shown the ability to contribute to reparative neovascularization after ischemic injury in mice. The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that, in humans with peripheral artery disease (PAD), there is increased number of circulating Shh + MPs. This was done by assessing the number of Shh + MPs in plasma of patients with PAD and control subjects without PAD. We found significantly higher number of Shh + MPs in plasma of subjects with PAD, compared to controls, while the global number of MPs—produced either by endothelial cells, platelets, leukocytes, and erythrocytes—was not different between PAD patients and controls. We also found a significant association between the number of Shh + MPs and the number of collateral vessels in the ischemic limbs of PAD patients. Interestingly, the concentration of Shh protein unbound to MPs—which was measured in MP-depleted plasma—was not different between subjects with PAD and the controls, indicating that, in the setting of PAD, the call for Shh recapitulation does not lead to secretion of protein into the blood but to binding of the protein to the membrane of MPs. These findings provide novel information on Shh signaling during ischemia in humans, with potentially important biological and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Giarretta
- Department of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Gatto
- Department of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Margherita Marcantoni
- Department of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giulia Lupi
- Department of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Diego Tonello
- Unit of Angiology, S. Giacomo Hospital, 31033 Castelfranco Veneto, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Gaetani
- Department of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Dario Pitocco
- Diabetology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Roberto Iezzi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Addolorata Truma
- Department of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Angelo Porfidia
- Department of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Adriana Visonà
- Unit of Angiology, S. Giacomo Hospital, 31033 Castelfranco Veneto, Italy.
| | - Paolo Tondi
- Department of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Roberto Pola
- Department of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
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18
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Ciliary Hedgehog Signaling Restricts Injury-Induced Adipogenesis. Cell 2017; 170:340-351.e12. [PMID: 28709001 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Injured skeletal muscle regenerates, but with age or in muscular dystrophies, muscle is replaced by fat. Upon injury, muscle-resident fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) proliferated and gave rise to adipocytes. These FAPs dynamically produced primary cilia, structures that transduce intercellular cues such as Hedgehog (Hh) signals. Genetically removing cilia from FAPs inhibited intramuscular adipogenesis, both after injury and in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Blocking FAP ciliation also enhanced myofiber regeneration after injury and reduced myofiber size decline in the muscular dystrophy model. Hh signaling through FAP cilia regulated the expression of TIMP3, a secreted metalloproteinase inhibitor, that inhibited MMP14 to block adipogenesis. A pharmacological mimetic of TIMP3 blocked the conversion of FAPs into adipocytes, pointing to a strategy to combat fatty degeneration of skeletal muscle. We conclude that ciliary Hh signaling by FAPs orchestrates the regenerative response to skeletal muscle injury.
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Development Aspects of Zebrafish Myotendinous Junction: a Model System for Understanding Muscle Basement Membrane Formation and Failure. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40139-017-0140-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Latroche C, Gitiaux C, Chrétien F, Desguerre I, Mounier R, Chazaud B. Skeletal Muscle Microvasculature: A Highly Dynamic Lifeline. Physiology (Bethesda) 2016; 30:417-27. [PMID: 26525341 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00026.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is highly irrigated by blood vessels. Beyond oxygen and nutrient supply, new vessel functions have been identified. This review presents vessel microanatomy and functions at tissue, cellular, and molecular levels. Mechanisms of vessel plasticity are described during skeletal muscle development and acute regeneration, and in physiological and pathological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Latroche
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Paris, France; CNRS 8104, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Cyril Gitiaux
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Paris, France; CNRS 8104, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | | | - Isabelle Desguerre
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Paris, France; CNRS 8104, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Rémi Mounier
- CGPhyMC, CNRS UMR5534, Villeurbanne, France; and Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Bénédicte Chazaud
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Paris, France; CNRS 8104, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France; CGPhyMC, CNRS UMR5534, Villeurbanne, France; and Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Villeurbanne, France
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Talbot J, Maves L. Skeletal muscle fiber type: using insights from muscle developmental biology to dissect targets for susceptibility and resistance to muscle disease. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2016; 5:518-34. [PMID: 27199166 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle fibers are classified into fiber types, in particular, slow twitch versus fast twitch. Muscle fiber types are generally defined by the particular myosin heavy chain isoforms that they express, but many other components contribute to a fiber's physiological characteristics. Skeletal muscle fiber type can have a profound impact on muscle diseases, including certain muscular dystrophies and sarcopenia, the aging-induced loss of muscle mass and strength. These findings suggest that some muscle diseases may be treated by shifting fiber type characteristics either from slow to fast, or fast to slow phenotypes, depending on the disease. Recent studies have begun to address which components of muscle fiber types mediate their susceptibility or resistance to muscle disease. However, for many diseases it remains largely unclear why certain fiber types are affected. A substantial body of work has revealed molecular pathways that regulate muscle fiber type plasticity and early developmental muscle fiber identity. For instance, recent studies have revealed many factors that regulate muscle fiber type through modulating the activity of the muscle regulatory transcription factor MYOD1. Future studies of muscle fiber type development in animal models will continue to enhance our understanding of factors and pathways that may provide therapeutic targets to treat muscle diseases. WIREs Dev Biol 2016, 5:518-534. doi: 10.1002/wdev.230 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared Talbot
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lisa Maves
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Smythe G. Role of Growth Factors in Modulation of the Microvasculature in Adult Skeletal Muscle. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 900:161-83. [PMID: 27003400 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-27511-6_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Post-natal skeletal muscle is a highly plastic tissue that has the capacity to regenerate rapidly following injury, and to undergo significant modification in tissue mass (i.e. atrophy/hypertrophy) in response to global metabolic changes. These processes are reliant largely on soluble factors that directly modulate muscle regeneration and mass. However, skeletal muscle function also depends on an adequate blood supply. Thus muscle regeneration and changes in muscle mass, particularly hypertrophy, also demand rapid changes in the microvasculature. Recent evidence clearly demonstrates a critical role for soluble growth factors in the tight regulation of angiogenic expansion of the muscle microvasculature. Furthermore, exogenous modulation of these factors has the capacity to impact directly on angiogenesis and thus, indirectly, on muscle regeneration, growth and performance. This chapter reviews recent developments in understanding the role of growth factors in modulating the skeletal muscle microvasculature, and the potential therapeutic applications of exogenous angiogenic and anti-angiogenic mediators in promoting effective growth and regeneration, and ameliorating certain diseases, of skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayle Smythe
- Faculty of Science, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW, 789, 2640, Australia.
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Mohan SV, Chang ALS. Management of Cutaneous and Extracutaneous Side Effects of Smoothened Inhibitor Therapy for Advanced Basal Cell Carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:2677-83. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-3180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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