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Tan Y, Chen L, Li K, Lou B, Liu Y, Liu Z. Yeast as carrier for drug delivery and vaccine construction. J Control Release 2022; 346:358-379. [PMID: 35483637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Yeast has been employed as an effective derived drug carrier as a unicellular microorganism. Many research works have been devoted to the encapsulation of nucleic acid compounds, insoluble small molecule drugs, small molecules, liposomes, polymers, and various nanoparticles in yeast for the treatment of disease. Recombinant yeast-based vaccine carriers (WYV) have played a major role in the development of vaccines. Herein, the latest reports on the application of yeast carriers and the development of related research are summarized, a conceptual description of gastrointestinal absorption of yeast carriers, as well as the various package forms of different drug molecules and nanoparticles in yeast carriers are introduced. In addition, the advantages and development of recombinant yeast vaccine carriers for the disease, veterinary and aquaculture applications are discussed. Moreover, the current challenges and future directions of yeast carriers are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifu Tan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Liwei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Beibei Lou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Yanfei Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan Province, PR China.
| | - Zhenbao Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan Province, PR China; Molecular Imaging Research Center of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, PR China.
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Ivanova E. Yeasts in nanotechnology-enabled oral vaccine and gene delivery. Bioengineered 2021; 12:8325-8335. [PMID: 34592900 PMCID: PMC8806958 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1985816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral vaccine and gene delivery systems must be engineered to withstand several different physiological environments, such as those present in the oral cavity, stomach, and jejunum, each of which exhibits varying pH levels and enzyme distributions. Additionally, these systems must be designed to ensure appropriate gastrointestinal absorption and tissue/cellular targeting properties. Yeasts-based delivery vehicles are excellent candidates for oral vaccine and oral gene therapies as many species possess cellular characteristics resulting in enhanced resistance to the harsh gastrointestinal (GI) environment and facilitated passage across the mucosal barrier. Yeast capsules can stimulate and modulate host immune responses, which is beneficial for vaccine efficacy. In addition, recombinant modification of yeasts to express cell penetrating proteins and injection mechanisms along with efficient cell adhering capabilities can potentially improve transfection rates of genetic material. In this literature review, we present evidence supporting the beneficial role yeast-based delivery systems can play in increasing the efficacy of oral administration of vaccines and gene therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ivanova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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Silva AJD, de Macêdo LS, Leal LRS, de Jesus ALS, Freitas AC. Yeasts as a promising delivery platform for DNA and RNA vaccines. FEMS Yeast Res 2021; 21:foab018. [PMID: 33837785 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foab018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Yeasts are considered a useful system for the development of vaccines for human and veterinary health. Species such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris have been used successfully as host organisms for the production of subunit vaccines. These organisms have been also explored as vaccine vehicles enabling the delivery of antigens such as proteins and nucleic acids. The employed species possess a GRAS status (Generally Recognized as Safe) for the production of therapeutic proteins, besides promoting immunostimulation due to the properties of their wall cell composition. This strategy allows the administration of nucleic acids orally and a specific delivery to professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs). In this review, we seek to outline the development of whole yeast vaccines (WYV) carrying nucleic acids in different approaches in the medical field, as well as the immunological aspects of this vaccine strategy. The data presented here reveal the application of this platform in promoting effective immune responses in the context of prophylactic and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Jéssica Duarte Silva
- Laboratório de Estudos Moleculares e Terapia Experimental, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rêgo, 1235, Cidade Universitaria, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Larissa Silva de Macêdo
- Laboratório de Estudos Moleculares e Terapia Experimental, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rêgo, 1235, Cidade Universitaria, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Lígia Rosa Sales Leal
- Laboratório de Estudos Moleculares e Terapia Experimental, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rêgo, 1235, Cidade Universitaria, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Santos de Jesus
- Laboratório de Estudos Moleculares e Terapia Experimental, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rêgo, 1235, Cidade Universitaria, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Freitas
- Laboratório de Estudos Moleculares e Terapia Experimental, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rêgo, 1235, Cidade Universitaria, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Kiefer R, Jurisic M, Dahlem C, Koch M, Schmitt MJ, Kiemer AK, Schneider M, Breinig F. Targeted delivery of functionalized PLGA nanoparticles to macrophages by complexation with the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 117:776-788. [PMID: 31736060 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are able to deliver a variety of substances into eukaryotic cells. However, their usage is often hampered by a lack of specificity, leading to the undesired uptake of NPs by virtually all cell types. In contrast to this, yeast is known to be specifically taken up into immune cells after entering the body. Therefore, we investigated the interaction of biodegradable surface-modified poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) particles with yeast cells to overcome the unspecificity of the particulate carriers. Cells of different Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains were characterized regarding their interaction with PLGA-NPs under isotonic and hypotonic conditions. The particles were shown to efficiently interact with yeast cells leading to stable NP/yeast-complexes allowing to associate or even internalize compounds. Notably, applying those complexes to a coculture model of HeLa cells and macrophages, the macrophages were specifically targeted. This novel nano-in-micro carrier system suggests itself as a promising tool for the delivery of biologically active agents into phagocytic cells combining specificity and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Kiefer
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Marijas Jurisic
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Charlotte Dahlem
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Marcus Koch
- INM - Leibniz -Institute for New Materials, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Manfred J Schmitt
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Alexandra K Kiemer
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Marc Schneider
- Department of Pharmacy, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Frank Breinig
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
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Seif M, Hoppstädter J, Breinig F, Kiemer AK. Yeast-mediated mRNA delivery polarizes immuno-suppressive macrophages towards an immuno-stimulatory phenotype. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 117:1-13. [PMID: 28323110 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages have increasingly gained interest as a therapeutic target since they represent an integral component of the tumor microenvironment. In fact, M2 macrophage accumulation in solid tumors is associated with poor prognosis and therapy failure. Therefore, reprogramming M2 macrophages towards an M1 phenotype with anti-tumor activity by gene therapy represents a promising therapeutic approach. Herein, we describe recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a novel gene delivery vehicle for primary human macrophages. Opsonized S. cerevisiae was taken up efficiently by M2 macrophages and initiated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Recombinant yeast delivered functional nucleic acids to macrophages, especially when constitutively biosynthesized mRNA was used as cargo. Interestingly, expression of the protein encoded for by the delivered nucleic acid was higher in M2 cells when compared to M1 macrophages. Finally, the delivery of mRNA coding for the pro-inflammatory regulators MYD88 and TNF to M2 macrophages induced a prolonged upregulation of pro-inflammatory and cytotoxic cytokines in these cells, suggesting their successful re-education towards an anti-tumor M1 phenotype. Our results suggest the use of yeast-based gene delivery as a promising approach for the treatment of pathologic conditions that may benefit from the presence of M1-polarized macrophages, such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Seif
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Europe, Saarbruecken, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Jessica Hoppstädter
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Frank Breinig
- Molecular and Cell Biology and Center of Human and Molecular Biology (ZHMB), Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Alexandra K Kiemer
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Saarland University, Saarbruecken, Germany.
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Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) Polarizes Both M-CSF- and GM-CSF-Differentiated Macrophages Toward an M1-Like Phenotype. Inflammation 2016; 39:1690-703. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-016-0404-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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