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Gleason JM, Caccone A, Moriyama EN, White KP, Powell JR. MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PHYLOGENIES FOR THE
DROSOPHILA OBSCURA
GROUP. Evolution 2017; 51:433-440. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb02430.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/1996] [Accepted: 10/04/1996] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Adalgisa Caccone
- Department of Biology Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520‐8104
- Dipartimento di Biologia Università di Roma II “Tor Vergata,” Rome Italy
| | | | - Kevin P. White
- Department of Biology Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520‐8104
| | - Jeffrey R. Powell
- Department of Biology Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520‐8104
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Herrig DK, Modrick AJ, Brud E, Llopart A. Introgression in the Drosophila subobscura--D. Madeirensis sister species: evidence of gene flow in nuclear genes despite mitochondrial differentiation. Evolution 2013; 68:705-19. [PMID: 24152112 PMCID: PMC4255303 DOI: 10.1111/evo.12295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Species hybridization, and thus the potential for gene flow, was once viewed as reproductive mistake. However, recent analysis based on large datasets and newly developed models suggest that gene exchange is not as rare as originally suspected. To investigate the history and speciation of the closely related species Drosophila subobscura, D. madeirensis, and D. guanche, we obtained polymorphism and divergence data for 26 regions throughout the genome, including the Y chromosome and mitochondrial DNA. We found that the D. subobscura X/autosome ratio of silent nucleotide diversity is significantly smaller than the 0.75 expected under neutrality. This pattern, if held genomewide, may reflect a faster accumulation of beneficial mutations on the X chromosome than on autosomes. We also detected evidence of gene flow in autosomal regions, while sex chromosomes remain distinct. This is consistent with the large X effect on hybrid male sterility seen in this system and the presence of two X chromosome inversions fixed between species. Overall, our data conform to chromosomal speciation models in which rearrangements are proposed to serve as gene flow barriers. Contrary to other observations in Drosophila, the mitochondrial genome appears resilient to gene flow in the presence of nuclear exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle K Herrig
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242
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Acosta T, Pinto F, Hernández M, González AM, Cabrera VM, Larruga JM. Phylogeny of the Drosophila obscura group as inferred from one- and two-dimensional protein electrophoresis. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0469.1995.tb00216.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Acosta T, Pinto F, Hernández M, González AM, Cabrera VM, Larruga JM. Phylogeny of the Drosophila obscura group as inferred from one- and two-dimensional protein electrophoresis. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0469.1995.tb00963.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Watabe H, Bachmann L, Haring E, Sperlich D. Taxonomic and molecular studies on Drosophila sinobscura and D. hubeiensis, two sibling species of the D. obscura group*. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0469.1997.tb00407.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Brehm A, Krimbas CB. The phylogeny of nine species of the Drosophila obscura group inferred by the banding homologies of chromosomal regions. II. Element E. Hereditas 2008; 113:157-68. [PMID: 2079439 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1990.tb00080.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The phylogenetic relationships among nine species of Drosophila belonging to the obscura group were investigated by establishing (according to their banding similarities) the homologous chromosome segments of element E (equivalent to chromosome O of D. subobscura). The phylogenetic relationships were based on the existence of segments in different triads of species, which could only be produced by overlapping inversions. This permitted the ordering of the species belonging to each triad. Drosophila obscura, D. ambigua and D. tristis were found to be very closely related and thus forming a cluster in which D. ambigua occupies an intermediate position between the other two species. Drosophila obscura seems to be the species more directly linked to three other separate lineages, that of D. subsilvestris, the two African species (D. microlabis and D. kitumensis), and the subobscura cluster. The species from this last cluster may be ordered as follows: D. subobscura-D. madeirensis-D. guanche. It is not clear which species of this triad is the direct link to D. obscura. These results completely agree with those produced in an independent study, where element B was considered for the same nine species. Furthermore, the present study clarifies some ambiguities concerning the phylogenetic relationships which remained obscure due to the conservative nature of chromosome B.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Brehm
- Department of Genetics, Agriculture University of Athens, Greece
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Molecular phylogeny of the Drosophila obscura species group, with emphasis on the Old World species. BMC Evol Biol 2007; 7:87. [PMID: 17555574 PMCID: PMC1904182 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-7-87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2006] [Accepted: 06/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Species of the Drosophila obscura species group (e.g., D. pseudoobscura, D. subobscura) have served as favorable models in evolutionary studies since the 1930's. Despite numbers of studies conducted with varied types of data, the basal phylogeny in this group is still controversial, presumably owing to not only the hypothetical 'rapid radiation' history of this group, but also limited taxon sampling from the Old World (esp. the Oriental and Afrotropical regions). Here we reconstruct the phylogeny of this group by using sequence data from 6 loci of 21 species (including 16 Old World ones) covering all the 6 subgroups of this group, estimate the divergence times among lineages, and statistically test the 'rapid radiation' hypothesis. Results Phylogenetic analyses indicate that each of the subobscura, sinobscura, affinis, and pseudoobscura subgroups is monophyletic. The subobscura and microlabis subgroups form the basal clade in the obscura group. Partial species of the obscura subgroup (the D. ambigua/D. obscura/D. tristis triad plus the D. subsilvestris/D. dianensis pair) forms a monophyletic group which appears to be most closely related to the sinobscura subgroup. The remaining basal relationships in the obscura group are not resolved by the present study. Divergence times on a ML tree based on mtDNA data are estimated with a calibration of 30–35 Mya for the divergence between the obscura and melanogaster groups. The result suggests that at least half of the current major lineages of the obscura group originated by the mid-Miocene time (~15 Mya), a time of the last developing and fragmentation of the temperate forest in North Hemisphere. Conclusion The obscura group began to diversify rapidly before invading into the New World. The subobscura and microlabis subgroups form the basal clade in this group. The obscura subgroup is paraphyletic. Partial members of this subgroup (D. ambigua, D. obscura, D. tristis, D. subsilvestris, and D. dianensis) form a monophyletic group which appears to be most closely related to the sinobscura subgroup.
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Garros C, Harbach RE, Manguin S. Systematics and biogeographical implications of the phylogenetic relationships between members of the funestus and minimus groups of Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae). JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2005; 42:7-18. [PMID: 15691003 DOI: 10.1093/jmedent/42.1.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The Afrotropical Funestus and the Oriental-African Minimus Groups of the Myzomyia Series of Anopheles subgenus Cellia are considered distinct only because of their geographical separation. For the first time, a phylogenetic study was done on six Oriental and four Afrotropical species based on the comparison of ribosomal (ITS2, D3) and mitochondrial (COI) nucleotide sequences. Both maximum parsimony (MP) and maximum likelihood (ML) analyses revealed that the groups form a monophyletic assemblage containing four clades. The inclusion of Afrotropical An. leesoni with the Oriental species was confirmed, whereas An. rivulorum, also an Afrotropical species, was placed in a basal position relative to the African and Oriental species. The biogeography of the Afrotropical and Oriental species was examined in relation to the phylogeny and estimates of divergence time. Divergence events correspond to periods of major tectonic movement as well as periods of great aridity or humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Garros
- Institute of Research for the Development, Centre of Biology and Management of Populations, Campus International de Baillarguet CS30016, 34988 Montferrier sur Lez, France
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9
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Molto MD, Martinez-Sebastian MJ, De Frutos R. Phylogenetic relationships between Drosophila subobscura, D. guanche and D. madeirensis based on Southern analysis of heat shock genes. Hereditas 2004; 120:217-23. [PMID: 7928386 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1994.00217.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A Southern analysis of genomic DNA using Drosophila melanogaster probes for the major heat shock protein genes (Hsp82, Hsp70, Hsps encoding small proteins) was made to study the phylogenetic relationships between three Drosophila species belonging to the obscura group (D. subobscura, D. guanche, and D. madeirensis). The phylogenetic trees showed that D. madeirensis and D. subobscura are the most closely related species in the triad, while D. guanche is the most distantly related one. As in other Drosophila species, Hsp82 is a single copy gene in D. subobscura, D. guanche, and D. madeirensis, while Hsp70 and Hsps, which encode small proteins, are genic families. At least four sequences homologous to D. melanogaster Hsp70 were found in the obscura group species. These species have sequences which showed similarity with the four small Hsps of D. melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Molto
- Departament de Genètica, Facultat de Ciències Biológiques, Universitat de València, Spain
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10
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MOREETEAU B, GIBERT P, PÉTAVY G, MORTEAU JC, HUEY RB, DAVID JR. Morphometrical evolution in a Drosophila clade: theDrosophila obscuragroup. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2003. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0469.2003.00195.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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11
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Renard E, Bachmann V, Cariou ML, Moreteau JC. Morphological and molecular differentiation of invasive freshwater species of the genus Corbicula (Bivalvia, corbiculidea) suggest the presence of three taxa in French rivers. Mol Ecol 2000; 9:2009-16. [PMID: 11123613 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-294x.2000.01104.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Asiatic Clams are common in brackish and fresh water in Asia, and they were introduced into North America in 1924 and have now spread throughout the continent. During the last two decades they have been reported in Europe, but the number of species here is uncertain. Populations of Corbicula from France and the Netherlands were analysed morphologically and genetically to quantify the degree of species and/or population differentiation. The morphological and genetic data, based on allozymes and mitochondrial sequences, were in full agreement. They indicate that there are two distinct species, identified as C. fluminalis and C. fluminea, in the two countries. Analyses of the mitochondrial COI gene revealed an unexpected divergent population of Corbicula in the Rhône. All these individuals were morphologically identified as C. fluminea, but had a COI sequence different from the two previous species. This population may, therefore, be a more ancient population, or a distinct species introduced via a different colonization route.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Renard
- UPR 9034 - Populations, Génétique et Evolution, CNRS, bâtiment 13, avenue de la terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette cedex, France
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12
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Vázquez-Manrique RP, Hernández M, Martínez-Sebastián MJ, de Frutos R. Evolution of gypsy endogenous retrovirus in the Drosophila obscura species group. Mol Biol Evol 2000; 17:1185-93. [PMID: 10908638 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ty3/gypsy family of retroelements is closely related to retroviruses, and some of their members have an open reading frame resembling the retroviral gene env. Sequences homologous to the gypsy element from Drosophila melanogaster are widely distributed among Drosophila species. In this work, we report a phylogenetic study based mainly on the analysis of the 5' region of the env gene from several species of the obscura group, and also from sequences already reported of D. melanogaster, Drosophila virilis, and Drosophila hydei. Our results indicate that the gypsy elements from species of the obscura group constitute a monophyletic group which has strongly diverged from the prototypic D. melanogaster gypsy element. Phylogenetic relationships between gypsy sequences from the obscura group are consistent with those of their hosts, indicating vertical transmission. However, D. hydei and D. virilis gypsy sequences are closely related to those of the affinis subgroup, which could be indicative of horizontal transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Vázquez-Manrique
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
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O'Grady PM. Reevaluation of phylogeny in the Drosophila obscura species group based on combined analysis of nucleotide sequences. Mol Phylogenet Evol 1999; 12:124-39. [PMID: 10381316 DOI: 10.1006/mpev.1998.0598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The Drosophila obscura species group has served as an important model system in many evolutionary and population genetic studies. Despite the amount of study this group has received, some phylogenetic relationships remain unclear. While individual analysis of different nuclear, mitochondrial, allozyme, restriction fragment, and morphological data partitions are able to discern relationships among closely related species, they are unable to resolve relationships among the five obscura species subgroups. A combined analysis of several nucleotide data sets is able to provide resolution and support for some nodes not seen or well supported in analyses of individual loci. A phylogeny of the obscura species group based on combined analysis of nucleotide sequences from six mitochondrial and five nuclear loci is presented here. The results of several different combined analyses indicate that the Old World obscura and subobscura subgroups form a monophyletic clade, although they are unable to resolve the relationships among the major lineages within the obscura species group.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M O'Grady
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA
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14
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Haring E, Hagemann S, Lankinen P, Pinsker W. The phylogenetic position of Drosophila eskoi deduced from P element and Adh sequence data. Hereditas 1998; 128:235-44. [PMID: 9760872 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1998.00235.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PCR screening with primers specific for the T-, M-, and O-type P element subfamilies was performed to investigate the interspecific distribution in 18 species and to reconstruct the phylogenetic history of the various types within the obscura species group. T-type elements occur in D. ambigua, D. tristis, D. obscura, D. subsilvestris, and D. eskoi. In the genomes of D. subobscura, D. madeirensis, and D. guanche they are present in the form of terminally truncated T-type derivatives. The wide distribution suggests that the T-type subfamily had a long evolutionary history in the obscura lineage. In contrast, the patchy occurrence of M- and O-type elements can be ascribed to four independent events of horizontal invasion of different lineages. The cladogenesis of the obscura group was investigated using a partial sequence of the Adh gene as a marker. In contrast to earlier findings, the position of D. eskoi had to be revised. D. eskoi appears as the closest relative of the D. ambigua clade, whereas D. tsukubaensis is the sister taxon of the species pair D. bifasciata/D. imaii. This result is in good accordance with the P element data, where high sequence similarity (95%) was found among the T-type elements of D. eskoi and those of D. ambigua and D. tristis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Haring
- Museum of Natural History, Vienna, Austria
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Ramos-Onsins S, Segarra C, Rozas J, Aguadé M. Molecular and chromosomal phylogeny in the obscura group of Drosophila inferred from sequences of the rp49 gene region. Mol Phylogenet Evol 1998; 9:33-41. [PMID: 9479691 DOI: 10.1006/mpev.1997.0438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A region of approximately 1.6 kb encompassing the ribosomal protein 49 gene (rp49) has been sequenced and compared in nine species of the obscura group of Drosophila: four species belonging to the obscura subgroup, three to the pseudoobscura subgroup, and two to the affinis subgroup. Our data provide strong support that the nearctic species (pseudoobscura and affinis subgroups) are monophyletic and place D. bifasciata with the other species of the obscura subgroup. Nucleotide sequence information at the rp49 gene region (located very close to one of the breakpoints of inversion O3) has also been used to infer the phylogeny of the O chromosome in the subobscura species cluster. Analysis based both on parsimony-informative sites and on genetic distances confirms that the O3 gene arrangement, present in D. guanche (together with inversion g) and in D. madeirensis, is ancestral to gene arrangements O3 + 4 and Ost present in extant populations of D. subobscura.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ramos-Onsins
- Departament de Genètica, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Gailey DA, Ohshima S, Santiago SJ, Montez JM, Arellano AR, Robillo J, Villarimo CA, Roberts L, Fine E, Villella A, Hall JC. The muscle of lawrence in Drosophila: a case of repeated evolutionary loss. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1997; 94:4543-7. [PMID: 9114026 PMCID: PMC20759 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.94.9.4543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The muscle of Lawrence (MOL) is a bilaterally symmetrical muscle spanning the tergite of the fifth abdominal segment of adult male Drosophila melanogaster. It is not, however, a general feature of male-specific development within the subfamily Drosophilinae. Of 95 species surveyed within this subfamily, 67 exist with no MOL at all. By drawing comparisons with published cladograms of species relatedness, three conclusions regarding the evolutionary history of the MOL are made: (i) The MOL predates the major radiations of the genus Drosophila, given its presence in earlier-branching Chymomyza and Scaptodrosophila; the MOL has been subsequently excluded in at least one present species of each of these two primitive genera. (ii) Within the genus Drosophila the MOL is present sporadically in the radiation of the subgenus Sophophora, showing repetitive loss even in very close evolutionary lineages. (iii) The MOL may have been entirely excluded from the prolific radiation of the subgenus Drosophila. Thus the MOL shows a uniquely incongruous pattern of presence or absence relative to accepted drosophilid phylogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Gailey
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Hayward, CA 94542, USA.
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17
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Grau R, Bachmann L. The evolution of intergenic spacers of the 5S rDNA genes in the Drosophila obscura group: Are these sequences suitable for phylogenetic analyses? BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0305-1978(96)00073-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Da Lage JL, Wegnez M, Cariou ML. Distribution and evolution of introns in Drosophila amylase genes. J Mol Evol 1996; 43:334-47. [PMID: 8798339 DOI: 10.1007/bf02339008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
While the two amylase genes of Drosophila melanogaster are intronless, the three genes of D. pseudoobscura harbor a short intron. This raises the question of the common structure of the Amy gene in Drosophila species. We have investigated the presence or absence of an intron in the amylase genes of 150 species of Drosophilids. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we have amplified a region that surrounds the intron site reported in D. pseudoobscura and a few other species. The results revealed that most species contain an intron, with a variable size ranging from 50 to 750 bp, although the very majoritary size was around 60-80 bp. Several species belonging to different lineages were found to lack an intron. This loss of intervening sequence was likely due to evolutionarily independent and rather frequent events. Some other species had both types of genes: In the obscura group, and to a lesser extent in the ananassae subgroup, intronless copies had much diverged from intron-containing genes. Base composition of short introns was found to be variable and correlated with that of the surrounding exons, whereas long introns were all A-T rich. We have extended our study to non-Drosophilid insects. In species from other orders of Holometaboles, Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera, an intron was found at an identical position in the Amy gene, suggesting that the intron was ancestral.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Da Lage
- UPR 9034: Populations, Génétique et Evolution, CNRS, 91198 Gif sur Yvette cedex, France
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19
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Moltó MD, Martínez-Sebastián MJ, De Frutos R. Differences in gene activity in a Drosophila species cluster belonging to the Obscura group. Heredity (Edinb) 1993; 70 ( Pt 5):490-8. [PMID: 8314714 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.1993.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The polytene chromosome puffing pattern of Drosophila madeirensis was established and compared with those of the related species D. subobscura and D. guanche. A total of 145 loci, active in some of the 12 developmental stages analysed, were described, 38 of which were found to form the puffing pattern characteristic to this species. Taking into account the number of puffs as well as the mean puff expression, D. madeirensis shows a similar activity level to D. guanche, both species being less active than D. subobscura. The low gene activity of D. madeirensis and D. guanche was explained as a consequence of their ecological characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Moltó
- Department of Genetics, University of València, Burjassot, Spain
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20
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Brehm A, Krimbas CB. The phylogeny of nine species of the Drosophila obscura group inferred by the banding homologies of the chromosomal regions. IV. Element C. Heredity (Edinb) 1993; 70 ( Pt 2):214-20. [PMID: 8454475 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.1993.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Homologies of the sections of the polytene chromosomes of element C, among several species of the obscura group of the genus Drosophila, were established according to the similarity of their banding patterns. The information gathered was used to construct an unrooted phylogenetic tree based on qualitative criteria. This tree is compared to three other similar trees derived from independent information provided by the study of chromosomal elements B, D and E. The general congruence of the patterns of these trees proves the well-foundedness of this approach. A single exception to this congruence is discussed. Finally a consensus tree, encapsulating information from all chromosomal elements, is presented and its topology is compared to those derived from electrophoretic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Brehm
- Department of Genetics, Agricultural University of Athens, Greece
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21
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Bachmann L, Müller E, Cariou ML, Sperlich D. Cloning and characterization of KM190, a specific satellite DNA family of Drosophila kitumensis and D. microlabis. Gene 1992; 120:267-9. [PMID: 1398139 DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(92)90103-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The nucleotide sequences of nine clones, pKA191/1-4 from Drosophila kitumensis and pMR190/1-5 from D. microlabis, were determined. They represent a tandemly arranged and highly repetitive satellite DNA family, KM190, which is specific for the two species.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bachmann
- Department of Population Genetics, University of Tübingen, Germany
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Ruttkay H, Solignac M, Sperlich D. Nuclear and mitochondrial ribosomal RNA variability in the obscura group of Drosophila. Genetica 1992; 85:131-8. [PMID: 1378037 DOI: 10.1007/bf00120319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Parts of 28S (nuclear) and 12S (mitochondrial) ribosomal RNA of Palearctic, Nearctic and African species of the obscura group have been sequenced by the direct method of sequencing. Rates of nucleotide substitutions in both molecules were compared. The nucleotide divergence is higher in the mitochondrial rRNA. Average distances of species taken in pairwise were compared to results obtained with the melanogaster subgroup: the divergence of nuclear rRNA appears lower, that of the mtDNA higher whereas genetic distances (allozymes) and sncDNA distances are similar. Noticeable variability of evolutionary rates can be observed even in low taxonomical levels. Phylogenetic trees for the obscura group are in general agreement with those obtained with other characters.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ruttkay
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Génétique évolutives, C.N.R.S., Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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González AM, Hernández M, Volz A, Pestano J, Larruga JM, Sperlich D, Cabrera VM. Mitochondrial DNA evolution in the obscura species subgroup of Drosophila. J Mol Evol 1990; 31:122-31. [PMID: 2120450 DOI: 10.1007/bf02109481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) restriction site maps for nine species of the Drosophila obscura subgroup and for Drosophila melanogaster were established. Taking into account all restriction enzymes (12) and strains (45) analyzed, a total of 105 different sites were detected, which corresponds to a sample of 3.49% of the mtDNA genome. Based on nucleotide divergences, two phylogenetic trees were constructed assuming either constant or variable rates of evolution. Both methods led to the same relationships. Five differentiated clusters were found for the obscura subgroup species, one Nearctic, represented by Drosophila pseudoobscura, and four Palearctic, two grouping the related triads of species Drosophila subobscura, Drosophila madeirensis, Drosophila obscura, Drosophila subsilvestris, and two more represented by one species each, Drosophila bifasciata, and Drosophila tristis. The different Palearctic clusters are as distant between themselves as with the Nearctic one. For the related species D. subobscura, D. madeirensis, and D. guanche, the pair D. subobscura-D. madeirensis is the closest one. The relationships found by nucleotide divergence were confirmed by differences in mitochondrial genome size, with related species sharing similar genome lengths and differing from the distant ones. The total mtDNA size range for the obscura subgroup species was from 15.5 kb for D. pseudoobscura to 17.1 for D. tristis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M González
- Department of Genetics, University of La Laguna, Canary Islands, Spain
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Cariou ML, Solignac M, Monnerot M, David JR. Low allozyme and mtDNA variability in the island endemic species Drosophila sechellia (D. melanogaster complex). EXPERIENTIA 1990; 46:101-4. [PMID: 2153569 DOI: 10.1007/bf01955430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Genetic variability of D. sechellia is investigated at both mitochondrial and nuclear levels. The results reveal the existence of a single main type of mtDNA with very few variants and a very low enzyme polymorphism. This situation is consistent with the small population size of this specialized species.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Cariou
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Génétique Evolutives, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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