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Tomaszewska P, Kosina R. Cytogenetic events in the endosperm of amphiploid Avena magna × A. longiglumis. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2021; 134:1047-1060. [PMID: 34057611 PMCID: PMC8364899 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-021-01314-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
This study analysed cytogenetic events occurring in the syncytial endosperm of the Avena magna H. C. Murphy & Terrell × Avena longiglumis Durieu amphiploid, which is a product of two wild species having different genomes. Selection through the elimination of chromosomes and their fragments, including those translocated, decreased the level of ploidy in the endosperm below the expected 3n, leading to the modal number close to 2n. During intergenomic translocations, fragments of the heterochromatin-rich C-genome were transferred to the D and Al genomes. Terminal and non-reciprocal exchanges dominated, whereas other types of translocations, including microexchanges, were less common. Using two probes and by counterstaining with DAPI, the A. longiglumis and the rare exchanges between the D and Al genomes were detected by GISH. The large discontinuity in the probe labelling in the C chromosomes demonstrated inequality in the distribution of repetitive sequences along the chromosome and probable intragenomic rearrangements. In the nucleus, the spatial arrangement of genomes was non-random and showed a sectorial-concentric pattern, which can vary during the cell cycle, especially in the less stable tissue like the hybrid endosperm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Romuald Kosina
- Institute of Environmental Biology, University of Wrocław, Przybyszewskiego 63, 51-148, Wroclaw, Poland.
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Han J, Zhou B, Shan W, Yu L, Wu W, Wang K. A and D genomes spatial separation at somatic metaphase in tetraploid cotton: evidence for genomic disposition in a polyploid plant. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 84:1167-1177. [PMID: 26568399 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Chromosomal dispositions were analyzed on the metaphase plate of tetraploid cotton (AADD). At metaphase, the two subgenomes, A and D, were separated in a radial pattern in which the small D subgenome chromosomes tended to concentrate at the center and the large A subgenome chromosomes were scattered about the periphery on the metaphase plate. Although the ordered chromosome arrangement was disturbed in an artificial hexaploid (AADDGG), the separation pattern could be recovered after the majority of the additional genome (GG) chromosomes were removed by backcrossing the artificial hexaploid with the tetraploid cotton (AADD). A similar genome separation phenomenon was also found in synthesized tetraploid cotton (AAGG). These results indicate that the genome separation pattern could be established immediately after tetraploid cotton formation and could be stably inherited in tetraploid cotton. Given the evidence of parental genome separation in other plants and animals, we speculated that genome separation might be a normal phenomenon in diploid and polyploid species. These finding will shed light on the chromosome conformation in plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlei Han
- Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology (HIST), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Baoliang Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Wenbo Shan
- Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology (HIST), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Liying Yu
- Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology (HIST), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Weiren Wu
- College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology (HIST), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
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Poggio L, Rosato M, Naranjo CA. Meiotic behavior and DNA content in alloplasmic lines of maize. Genome 2008; 40:723-9. [PMID: 18464861 DOI: 10.1139/g97-795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The cytoplasm of Zea mays ssp. mexicana (teosinte) affects several inherited traits when combined with genotypes of maize (Zea mays ssp. mays). The meiotic behavior and the total DNA content of four lines of maize with teosinte cytoplasm were compared with those of the parental lines. The results obtained suggest that the cytoplasm of teosinte promotes an increase in total nuclear DNA content, perhaps through an increase of highly repetitive DNA in the knob zones. The analysis of meiotic behavior indicates that the cytoplasm of teosinte can alter the spatial distribution of the genomes, since two groups of five bivalents each were observed at a high frequency. During prophase I - anaphase I, each group of five bivalents behaves in a slightly asynchronous way with respect to the other group and, moreover, two nucleoli were observed in 10% of the cells. These results suggest that the cytoplasm of teosinte could induce changes affecting genomic structure and function in some maize genotypes. These changes are of potential importance for breeding programs and evolutionary studies.
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JENSEN JENS, LINDE-LAURSEN IB. Statistical evaluation of length measurements on barley chromosomes with a proposal for a new nomenclature for symbols and positions of cytological markers. Hereditas 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1992.tb00007.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Poggio L, Gonzalez G, Confalonieri V, Comas C, Naranjo CA. The genome organization and diversification of maize and its allied species revisited: evidences from classical and FISH-GISH cytogenetic analysis. Cytogenet Genome Res 2005; 109:259-67. [PMID: 15753585 DOI: 10.1159/000082408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2003] [Accepted: 04/23/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The present review summarizes our classical and molecular cytogenetic investigations in the genus Zea. The results obtained from the meiotic behavior analysis of Zea species and hybrids, confirm the amphiploid nature of all species in the genus, with a basic number of x = 5 chromosomes. All species with 2n = 20 are diploidized allotetraploids, whereas Z. perennis (2n = 40) is an allooctoploid with four genomes somewhat divergent from one another. These analyses also revealed the existence of postzygotic reproductive isolation among Zea species. Our studies using genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) provide evidence about the evolutionary relationships among maize and its allied species, and reveal remarkable genomic divergences. Particularly, knob sequences were not completely shared between taxa previously considered to be closely related. Our data strongly suggest that the teosinte Z. mays parviglumis is not the only progenitor of cultivated maize. Introgression of Tripsacum into cultivated maize cannot be discarded.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Poggio
- Instituto Fitotécnico de Sta. Catalina (FCAF, UNLP)--Centro de Investigaciones Genéticas CIGEN (CONICET-UNLP-CIC), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Linde-Laursen I, Schrader O, Zerneke F. Chromosomal Constitution of Rye (Secale Cereale) - Hordeum Chilense Addition Lines. Hereditas 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1993.00021.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Linde-Laursen I, Heslop-Harrison JS, Shepherd KW, Taketa S. The barley Genome and its Relationship with the Wheat Genomes. A Survey with an Internationally Agreed Recommendation for Barley Chromosome Nomenclature. Hereditas 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1997.00001.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Mochida K, Tsujimoto H, Sasakuma T. Confocal analysis of chromosome behavior in wheat × maize zygotes. Genome 2004; 47:199-205. [PMID: 15060616 DOI: 10.1139/g03-123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we profile the first embryonic mitosis in a hybrid of wheat and maize by using a whole-mount genomic in situ hybridization method and immunofluorescence staining with a tubulin-specific antibody. We have successfully captured the dynamics of each set of parental chromosomes in the first zygotic division of the hybrid embryo 24-28 h after crossing. During the first zygotic metaphase, although both sets of parental chromosomes congressed into the equatorial plate of the zygote, the maize chromosomes tended to lag in comparison with the wheat chromosomes. During anaphase, each parental chromosome separated into its sister chromosomes; however, some of the maize chromosomes lagged around the metaphase plate as segregants. The maize sister chromosomes that did move toward the pole showed delayed and asymmetric movement as compared with the wheat ones. Immunological staining of tubulin revealed a bipolar spindle structure in the first zygotic metaphase. The kinetochores of the maize chromosomes that lagged around the metaphase plate did not attach to the spindle microtubules. These results suggest that factors on the kinetochores of maize chromosomes that are required to control chromosome movement are deficient in the zygotic cell cycle.Key words: whole-mount, GISH, chromosome elimination, hybrid embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Mochida
- Kihara Institute for Biological Research and Graduate School of Integrated Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
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Taketa S, Linde-Laursen I, Künzel G. Cytogenetic diversity. DEVELOPMENTS IN PLANT GENETICS AND BREEDING 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0168-7972(03)80008-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Li ZY, Liu HL, Heneen WK. Meiotic Behaviour in Intergeneric Hybrids between Brassica Napus and Orychophragmus Violaceus. Hereditas 1996. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1996.00069.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Callimassia MA, Murray BG, Hammett KR, Bennett MD. Parental genome separation and asynchronous centromere division in interspecific F1 hybrids in Lathyrus. Chromosome Res 1994; 2:383-97. [PMID: 7981943 DOI: 10.1007/bf01552798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Chromosomes were studied in root-tip metaphase cells of several F1 interspecific Lathyrus hybrids including: L. hirsutus x L. cassius (H x C), L. cassius x L. hirsutus (C x H), L. cassius x L. odoratus (C x O), and their parents, all with 2n = 2x = 14. Two types of morphologically distinct centromeres were identified in the hybrids on the basis of the degree of contraction of the primary constriction. At least 12 well-defined centromeres were seen in all cells of L. hirsutus, L. cassius and L. odoratus, and about 80% of cells had 14. The hybrids were more variable than the species. H x O contained between six and 14 well-defined centromeres, while cells of H x C, C x H and C x O all had seven well-defined and seven weakly defined centromeres. These were used as markers to plot their spatial disposition in two dimensions on metaphase spreads. In H x C, C x H and C x O the two types of centromeres showed a significant tendency to occupy two spatially distinct and concentrically arranged domains on the metaphase plate (P < 0.005). Owing to shortage of material subsequent work was restricted to H x C and C x H. Six or seven chromosomes of one parental genome were selectively labelled by in situ hybridization using biotinylated total genomic DNA from either parent as a probe. Moreover, there was a very strong correlation between centromere type and genomic origin (P < 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Callimassia
- Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, UK
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Leitch AR, Schwarzacher T, Mosg�ller W, Bennett MD, Heslop-Harrison JS. Parental genomes are separated throughout the cell cycle in a plant hybrid. Chromosoma 1991. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00365152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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