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Lv T, Yuan Y, Yang J, Wang G, Kong L, Li H, Li X, Sun Y, Li X, Zhang Z, Cheng X, Wu L, Tan X, Han B, Li H, Zhang Z, Wang J, Wu Y, Wang Y, Guo J, Zhang P. The association between ECG criteria and Echo criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy in a general Chinese population. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2021; 26:e12880. [PMID: 34310813 PMCID: PMC8411759 DOI: 10.1111/anec.12880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several ECG criteria have been widely used for diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in clinical practice. However, their performance in a general Chinese population is limited. METHODS AND RESULTS A multi-stage, stratified cluster sampling across China was performed and 7415 representative Chinese adults aged 18-85 years were analyzed. ECG was collected by using GE MAC 5500 machine. The association between five ECG-LVH criteria (i.e., Peguero-Lo Presti, Cornell, Cornell product, Sokolow-Lyon and Sokolow-Lyon product) and echocardiographic LVH (Echo-LVH) was assessed by Pearson's correlation, diagnostic statistics like predictive values, and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve. We found that the prevalence of the Echo-LVH was 11% while ECG-LVH ranged from 3% to 27%. All ECG-LVH criteria had high negative predictive value (NPV) (89%) and specificity (73-96%) but low positive predictive value (PPV) (12-24%) and sensitivity (4-29%). The newly Peguero-Lo Presti criteria had higher sensitivity (29%) but lower specificity (73%) and accuracy (68%) compared with other criteria. Cornell product had the best diagnostic performance (AUC: 0.59), as well as the highest specificity (96%) and accuracy (86%) but lowest sensitivity (4%). Among single-lead components of ECG criteria, RaVL voltage and QRS duration performed relatively better than others. Hypertensive and older individuals had higher sensitivity but lower specificity and accuracy than their counterparts. CONCLUSION ECG-LVH criteria had high NPV to detect Echo-LVH. Though with higher sensitivity, Peguero-Lo Presti criteria did not have better diagnostic performance to detect Echo-LVH. RaVL and QRS duration had stronger association with Echo-LVH among all single-lead components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Lv
- Department of CardiologyTsinghua University, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Yifang Yuan
- Peking UniversityClinical Research InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of CardiologyTsinghua University, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Guijin Wang
- Department of electronic engineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Lingyun Kong
- Department of CardiologyTsinghua University, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Huijuan Li
- Peking UniversityClinical Research InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Xingjie Li
- Department of CardiologyJining NO. 1 People’s HospitalJiningChina
| | - Yingxian Sun
- Department of cardiologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Xuewen Li
- Department of cardiologyShanxi Academy of medical sciences, Shanxi Dayi HospitalTaiyuanChina
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of CardiologyThe First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Xiaoshu Cheng
- Department of CardiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxiChina
| | - Lirong Wu
- Department of cardiologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical CollegeGuiyangChina
| | - Xuerui Tan
- Department of CardiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouChina
| | - Bing Han
- Department of cardiologyXuzhou Central HospitalXuzhouChina
| | - Hua Li
- Department of CardiologyTsinghua University, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Zhaoguo Zhang
- Department of cardiologyFirst Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineBeijingChina
| | - Jiayu Wang
- Department of cardiologyPeople’s Hospital of peking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yangfeng Wu
- Peking UniversityClinical Research InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Peking UniversityClinical Research InstituteBeijingChina
| | - Jihong Guo
- Department of cardiologyPeople’s Hospital of peking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of CardiologyTsinghua University, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical MedicineBeijingChina
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2
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Lee HC, Shin SJ, Huang JK, Lin MY, Lin YH, Ke LY, Jiang HJ, Tsai WC, Chao MF, Lin YH. The role of postprandial very-low-density lipoprotein in the development of atrial remodeling in metabolic syndrome. Lipids Health Dis 2020; 19:210. [PMID: 32962696 PMCID: PMC7507670 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01386-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Negatively charged very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL-χ) in metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients exerts cytotoxic effects on endothelial cells and atrial myocytes. Atrial cardiomyopathy, manifested by atrial remodeling with a dilated diameter, contributes to atrial fibrillation pathogenesis and predicts atrial fibrillation development. The correlation of VLDL-χ with atrial remodeling is unknown. This study investigated the association between VLDL-χ and remodeling of left atrium. Methods Consecutively, 87 MetS and 80 non-MetS individuals between 23 and 74 years old (50.6% men) without overt cardiovascular diseases were included in the prospective cohort study. Blood samples were collected while fasting and postprandially (at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 h after a unified meal). VLDL was isolated by ultracentrifugation; the percentile concentration of VLDL-χ (%) was determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography. The correlations of left atrium diameter (LAD) with variables including VLDL-χ, LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides, glucose, and blood pressure, were analyzed by multiple linear regression models. A hierarchical linear model was conducted to test the independencies of each variable’s correlation with LAD. Results The mean LAD was 3.4 ± 0.5 cm in non-MetS subjects and 3.9 ± 0.5 cm in MetS patients (P < 0.01). None of the fasting lipid profiles were associated with LAD. VLDL-χ, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, and blood pressure were positively correlated with LAD (all P < 0.05) after adjustment for age and sex. Significant interactions between VLDL-χ and blood pressure, waist circumference, and hip circumference were observed. When adjusted for obesity- and blood pressure-related variables, 2-h postprandial VLDL-χ (mean 1.30 ± 0.61%) showed a positive correlation with LAD in MetS patients. Each 1% VLDL-χ increase was estimated to increase LAD by 0.23 cm. Conclusions Postprandial VLDL-χ is associated with atrial remodeling particularly in the MetS group. VLDL-χ is a novel biomarker and may be a therapeutic target for atrial cardiomyopathy in MetS patients. Trial registration ISRCTN 69295295. Retrospectively registered 9 June 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Chun Lee
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Institute/Center of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Shyi-Jang Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Kai Huang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yen Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsun Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yin Ke
- Center for Lipid Biosciences, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - He-Jiun Jiang
- Department of Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chung Tsai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Min-Fang Chao
- Department of Medical Imaging, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsiung Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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3
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Kwon HK, Jeong H, Hwang D, Park ZY. Comparative proteomic analysis of mouse models of pathological and physiological cardiac hypertrophy, with selection of biomarkers of pathological hypertrophy by integrative Proteogenomics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2018; 1866:S1570-9639(18)30118-3. [PMID: 30048702 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
To determine fundamental characteristics of pathological cardiac hypertrophy, protein expression profiles in two widely accepted models of cardiac hypertrophy (swimming-trained mouse for physiological hypertrophy and pressure-overload-induced mouse for pathological hypertrophy) were compared using a label-free quantitative proteomics approach. Among 3955 proteins (19,235 peptides, false-discovery rate < 0.01) identified in these models, 486 were differentially expressed with a log2 fold difference ≥ 0.58, or were detected in only one hypertrophy model (each protein from 4 technical replicates, p < .05). Analysis of gene ontology biological processes and KEGG pathways identified cellular processes enriched in one or both hypertrophy models. Processes unique to pathological hypertrophy were compared with processes previously identified in cardiac-hypertrophy models. Individual proteins with differential expression in processes unique to pathological hypertrophy were further confirmed using the results of previous targeted functional analysis studies. Using a proteogenomic approach combining transcriptomic and proteomic analyses, similar patterns of differential expression were observed for 23 proteins and corresponding genes associated with pathological hypertrophy. A total of 11 proteins were selected as early-stage pathological-hypertrophy biomarker candidates, and the results of western blotting for five of these proteins in independent samples confirmed the patterns of differential expression in mouse models of pathological and physiological cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Kyeong Kwon
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyobin Jeong
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea; Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehee Hwang
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea; Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Zee-Yong Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Quintana-Villamandos B, Gomez de Diego JJ, Delgado-Martos MJ, Muñoz-Valverde D, Soto-Montenegro ML, Desco M, Delgado-Baeza E. Dronedarone produces early regression of myocardial remodelling in structural heart disease. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188442. [PMID: 29161309 PMCID: PMC5697839 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in hypertension is associated with a greater risk of sustained supraventricular/atrial arrhythmias. Dronedarone is an antiarrhythmic agent that was recently approved for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. However, its effect on early regression of LVH has not been reported. We tested the hypothesis that short-term administration of dronedarone induces early regression of LVH in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Methods Ten-month-old male SHRs were randomly assigned to an intervention group (SHR-D), where animals received dronedarone treatment (100 mg/kg) for a period of 14 days, or to a control group (SHR) where rats were given vehicle. A third group with normotensive control rats (WKY) was also added. At the end of the treatment with dronedarone we studied the cardiac anatomy and function in all the rats using transthoracic echocardiogram, cardiac metabolism using the PET/CT study (2-deoxy-2[18F]fluoro-D-glucose) and cardiac structure by histological analysis of myocyte size and collagen content. Results The hypertensive vehicle treated SHR rats developed the classic cardiac pattern of hypertensive cardiomyopathy as expected for the experimental model, with increases in left ventricular wall thickness, a metabolic shift towards an increase in glucose use and increases in myocyte and collagen content. However, the SHR-D rats showed statistically significant lower values in comparison to SHR group for septal wall thickness, posterior wall thickness, ventricular mass, glucose myocardial uptake, size of left ventricular cardiomyocytes and collagen content. All these values obtained in SHR-D rats were similar to the values measured in the normotensive WKY control group. Conclusion The results suggest by three alternative and complementary ways (analysis of anatomy and cardiac function, metabolism and histological structure) that dronedarone has the potential to reverse the LVH induced by arterial hypertension in the SHR model of compensated ventricular hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begoña Quintana-Villamandos
- Departamento de Anestesiología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Juan Gomez de Diego
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Jesús Delgado-Martos
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Muñoz-Valverde
- Departamento de Cirugía Experimental, Facultad Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Soto-Montenegro
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Desco
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Delgado-Baeza
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Experimental, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
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Boon-Peng H, Mat Jusoh JA, Marshall CR, Majid F, Danuri N, Basir F, Thiruvahindrapuram B, Scherer SW, Yusoff K. Rare Copy Number Variants Identified Suggest the Regulating Pathways in Hypertension-Related Left Ventricular Hypertrophy. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148755. [PMID: 26930585 PMCID: PMC4773219 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and a powerful predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in the hypertensive patients. It has complex multifactorial and polygenic basis for its pathogenesis. We hypothesized that rare copy number variants (CNVs) contribute to the LVH pathogenesis in hypertensive patients. Copy number variants (CNV) were identified in 258 hypertensive patients, 95 of whom had LVH, after genotyping with a high resolution SNP array. Following stringent filtering criteria, we identified 208 rare, or private CNVs that were only present in our patients with hypertension related LVH. Preliminary findings from Gene Ontology and pathway analysis of this study confirmed the involvement of the genes known to be functionally involved in cardiac development and phenotypes, in line with previously reported transcriptomic studies. Network enrichment analyses suggested that the gene-set was, directly or indirectly, involved in the transcription factors regulating the "foetal cardiac gene programme" which triggered the hypertrophic cascade, confirming previous reports. These findings suggest that multiple, individually rare copy number variants altering genes may contribute to the pathogenesis of hypertension-related LVH. In summary, we have provided further supporting evidence that rare CNV could potentially impact this common and complex disease susceptibility with lower heritability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoh Boon-Peng
- Institute of Medical Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
- UCSI University, Jalan Menara Gading, UCSI Heights, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Julia Ashazila Mat Jusoh
- Institute of Medical Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Christian R. Marshall
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- McLaughlin Centre and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Fadhlina Majid
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norlaila Danuri
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fashieha Basir
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Stephen W. Scherer
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- McLaughlin Centre and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Khalid Yusoff
- UCSI University, Jalan Menara Gading, UCSI Heights, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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6
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Kato TS, Armstrong HF, Schulze PC, Lippel M, Amano A, Farr M, Bacchetta M, Bartels MN, Di Tullio MR, Homma S, Mancini D. Left and Right Ventricular Functional Dynamics Determined by Echocardiograms Before and After Lung Transplantation. Am J Cardiol 2015; 116:652-9. [PMID: 26089014 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Impaired cardiac function is considered a contraindication for lung transplantation (LT). Because right ventricular (RV) function is expected to improve after LT, poor left ventricular (LV) function is often the determinant for LT eligibility. However, the changes in cardiac function before and after LT have not yet been elucidated. Therefore, we reviewed echocardiograms obtained from 67 recipients before and after LT. In a subset of 49 patients, both RV and LV longitudinal strains based on 2-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography were analyzed. The cardiopulmonary exercise tests were also reviewed. All patients showed significant improvements in their exercise capacity after LT. RV echo parameters improved in all patients after LT (RV fractional area change: 36.7 ± 5.6% to 41.5 ± 2.7%, RV strain: -15.5 ± 2.9% to -18.0 ± 2.1%, RV E/E': 8.4 ± 1.8 to 7.7 ± 1.8; all p <0.05). Overall, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) did not change (58.7 ± 6.0% to 57.5 ± 9.7%, p = 0.385); however, 20 patients (30%) showed >10% decrease in LVEF after LT (61.5 ± 6.1% to 47.3 ± 4.2%, p <0.001) and an increase in LV E/E' (11.8 ± 1.8 to 12.9 ± 2.2, p = 0.049). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that pre-LT LV E/E' was associated with decrease in LVEF after LT (odds ratio 1.381, 95% confidence interval 1.010 to 1.947, p = 0.043). Furthermore, patients with strain data showed that lower pre-LT LV strain was independently associated with LVEF decrease after LT (odds ratio 1.293, 95% confidence interval 1.088 to 1.614, p = 0.002). Although RV function improves after LT, LV systolic and diastolic functions deteriorate in a sizable proportion of patients. Impaired LV diastolic function before transplant appears to increase the risk of LVEF deterioration after LT.
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7
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Smith LE, White MY. The role of post-translational modifications in acute and chronic cardiovascular disease. Proteomics Clin Appl 2015; 8:506-21. [PMID: 24961403 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201400052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide, accounting for both primary diseases of the heart and vasculature and arising as a co-morbidity with numerous pathologies, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There has been significant emphasis on the role of the genome in CVD, aiding in the definition of 'at-risk' patients. The extent of disease penetrance however, can be influenced by environmental factors that are not detectable by investigating the genome alone. By targeting the transcriptome in response to CVD, the interplay between genome and environment is more apparent, however this implies the level of protein expression without reference to proteolytic turnover, or potentially more importantly, without defining the role of PTMs in the development of disease. Here, we discuss the role of both brief and irreversible PTMs in the setting of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Key proteins involved in calcium regulation have been observed as differentially modified by phosphorylation/O-GlcNAcylation or phosphorylation/redox modifications, with the level of interplay dependent on the physiological or pathophysiological state. The ability to modify crucial sites to produce the desired functional output is modulated by the presence of other PTMs as exemplified in the T2DM heart, where hyperglycemia results in aberrant O-GlcNAcylation and advanced glycation end products. By using the signalling events predicted to be critical to post-conditioning, an intervention with great promise for the cardioprotection of the ischemia/reperfusion injured heart, as an example, we discuss the level of PTMs and their interplay. The inability of post-conditioning to protect the diabetic heart may be regulated by aberrant PTMs influencing those sites necessary for protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Smith
- Discipline of Pathology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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8
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Boonpeng H, Yusoff K. The utility of copy number variation (CNV) in studies of hypertension-related left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH): rationale, potential and challenges. Mol Cytogenet 2013; 6:8. [PMID: 23448375 PMCID: PMC3599593 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-6-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The ultimate goal of human genetics is to understand the role of genome variation in elucidating human traits and diseases. Besides single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), copy number variation (CNV), defined as gains or losses of a DNA segment larger than 1 kb, has recently emerged as an important tool in understanding heritable source of human genomic differences. It has been shown to contribute to genetic susceptibility of various common and complex diseases. Despite a handful of publications, its role in cardiovascular diseases remains largely unknown. Here, we deliberate on the currently available technologies for CNV detection. The possible utility and the potential roles of CNV in exploring the mechanisms of cardiac remodeling in hypertension will also be addressed. Finally, we discuss the challenges for investigations of CNV in cardiovascular diseases and its possible implications in diagnosis of hypertension-related left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoh Boonpeng
- Institute of Medical Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, Sungai, Buloh, 47000, Malaysia.
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9
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Valenti VE, De Abreu LC, Junior HM, Filho OFM, Ferreira C. Baroreflex Sensitivity Differs among Same Strain Wistar Rats from the Same Laboratory. Heart Int 2011; 6:e9. [PMID: 22049315 PMCID: PMC3205781 DOI: 10.4081/hi.2011.e9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Revised: 08/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies showed that a proportion of normotensive Sprague-Dawley rats spontaneously exhibit lower baroreflex sensitivity. However, investigations have not yet been carried out on Wistar rats. We aimed to compare baroreflex sensitivity among rats from the same strain and the same laboratory. Male Wistar normotensive rats (300–400g) were studied. Cannulas were inserted into the abdominal aortic artery through the right femoral artery to measure mean arterial pressure and heart rate. Baroreflex was calculated as the derivative of the variation of heart rate in function of the mean arterial pressure variation (ΔHR/ΔMAP) tested with a depressor dose of sodium nitroprusside (50 µg/kg) and with a pressor dose of phenylephrine (8µg/kg) in the right femoral venous approach through an inserted cannula. We divided the rats into four groups: i) high bradycardic baroreflex, baroreflex gain less than −2 tested with phenylephrine; ii) low bradycardic baroreflex, baroreflex gain between −1 and −2 tested with phenylephrine; iii) high tachycardic baroreflex, baroreflex gain less than −3 tested with sodium nitroprusside; and iv) low tachycardic baroreflex, baroreflex gain between −1 and −3 tested with sodium nitroprusside. Approximately 71% of the rats presented a decrease in bradycardic reflex while around half showed an increase in tachycardic reflex. No significant changes in basal mean arterial pressure and heart rate, tachycardic and bradycardic peak and heart rate range were observed. There was a significant change in baroreflex sensitivity among rats from the same strain and the same laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor E. Valenti
- Departamento de Medicina, Disciplina de Cardiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP
- Laboratório de Escrita Científica, Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos De Abreu
- Laboratório de Escrita Científica, Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Hugo Macedo Junior
- Laboratório de Escrita Científica, Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Oseas F. Moura Filho
- Laboratório de Escrita Científica, Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Celso Ferreira
- Departamento de Medicina, Disciplina de Cardiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP
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10
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Cardiol 2010; 25:411-21. [PMID: 20535070 DOI: 10.1097/hco.0b013e32833bf995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Identification of candidate genes potentially relevant to chamber-specific remodeling in postnatal ventricular myocardium. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2010:603159. [PMID: 20368782 PMCID: PMC2846348 DOI: 10.1155/2010/603159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2009] [Accepted: 01/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular predisposition of postnatal ventricular myocardium to chamber-dependent (concentric or eccentric) remodeling remains largely elusive. To this end, we compared gene expression in the left (LV) versus right ventricle (RV) in newborn piglets, using a differential display reverse transcription-PCR (DDRT-PCR) technique. Out of more than 5600 DDRT-PCR bands, a total of 153 bands were identified as being differentially displayed. Of these, 96 bands were enriched in the LV, whereas the remaining 57 bands were predominant in the RV. The transcripts, displaying over twofold LV-RV expression differences, were sequenced and identified by BLAST comparison to known mRNA sequences. Among the genes, whose expression was not previously recognized as being chamber-dependent, we identified a small cohort of key regulators of muscle cell growth/proliferation (MAP3K7IP2, MSTN, PHB2, APOBEC3F) and gene expression (PTPLAD1, JMJD1C, CEP290), which may be relevant to the chamber-dependent predisposition of ventricular myocardium to respond differentially to pressure (LV) and volume (RV) overloads after birth. In addition, our data demonstrate chamber-dependent alterations in expression of as yet uncharacterized novel genes, which may also be suitable candidates for association studies in animal models of LV/RV hypertrophy.
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