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Sequeda-Castañeda LG, Suárez-Carvajal LF, Téllez-Corral MA, Gutiérrez-Prieto SJ, Méndez-Pinzón HA. Evaluation of Ilex guayusa and Piper marginatum Extract Cytotoxicity on Human Dental Pulp Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:189. [PMID: 38920890 PMCID: PMC11202831 DOI: 10.3390/dj12060189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amelogenesis imperfecta is a hereditary disorder affecting dental enamel. Among its phenotypes, hypocalcified AI is characterized by mineral deficiency, leading to tissue wear and, consequently, dental sensitivity. Excessive fluoride intake (through drinking water, fluoride supplements, toothpaste, or by ingesting products such as pesticides or insecticides) can lead to a condition known as dental fluorosis, which manifests as stains and teeth discoloration affecting their structure. Our recent studies have shown that extracts from Colombian native plants, Ilex guayusa and Piper marginatum, deposit mineral ions such as phosphate and orthophosphate into the dental enamel structure; however, it is unknown whether these extracts produce toxic effects on the dental pulp. OBJECTIVE To assess cytotoxicity effects on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) exposed to extracts isolated from I. guayusa and P. marginatum and, hence, their safety for clinical use. METHODS Raman spectroscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and flow cytometry techniques were employed. For Raman spectroscopy, hDPSCs were seeded onto nanobiochips designed to provide surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS effect), which enhances their Raman signal by several orders of magnitude. After eight days in culture, I. guayusa and P. marginatum extracts at different concentrations (10, 50, and 100 ppm) were added. Raman measurements were performed at 0, 12, and 24 h following extract application. Fluorescence microscopy was conducted using an OLIMPUS fv1000 microscope, a live-dead assay was performed using a kit employing a BD FACS Canto TM II flow cytometer, and data analysis was determined using a FlowJo program. RESULTS The Raman spectroscopy results showed spectra consistent with viable cells. These findings were corroborated using fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry techniques, confirming high cellular viability. CONCLUSIONS The analyzed extracts exhibited low cytotoxicity, suggesting that they could be safely applied on enamel for remineralization purposes. The use of nanobiochips for SERS effect improved the cell viability assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis G. Sequeda-Castañeda
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia;
| | - Luisa F. Suárez-Carvajal
- Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia;
| | | | | | - Henry A. Méndez-Pinzón
- Department of Physics, School of Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia
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Chen T, Wang Z, Gong X, Zhang J, Zhang N, Yang J, Zhu Y, Zhou Y. Preparation of Compound Salvia miltiorrhiza- Blumea balsamifera Nanoemulsion Gel and Its Effect on Hypertrophic Scars in the Rabbit Ear Model. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:2298-2314. [PMID: 38527915 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scars (HS) still remain an urgent challenge in the medical community. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has unique advantages in the treatment of HS. However, due to the natural barrier of the skin, it is difficult for the natural active components of TCM to more effectively penetrate the skin and exert therapeutic effects. Therefore, the development of an efficient drug delivery system to facilitate enhanced transdermal absorption of TCM becomes imperative for its clinical application. In this study, we designed a compound Salvia miltiorrhiza-Blumea balsamifera nanoemulsion gel (CSB-NEG) and investigated its therapeutic effects on rabbit HS models. The prescription of CSB-NEG was optimized by single-factor, pseudoternary phase diagram, and central composite design experiments. The results showed that the average particle size and PDI of the optimized CSB-NE were 46.0 ± 0.2 nm and 0.222 ± 0.004, respectively, and the encapsulation efficiency of total phenolic acid was 93.37 ± 2.56%. CSB-NEG demonstrated excellent stability and skin permeation in vitro and displayed a significantly enhanced ability to inhibit scar formation compared to the CSB physical mixture in vivo. After 3 weeks of CSB-NEG treatment, the scar appeared to be flat, pink, and flexible. Furthermore, this treatment also resulted in a decrease in the levels of the collagen I/III ratio and TGF-β1 and Smad2 proteins while simultaneously promoting the growth and remodeling of microvessels. These findings suggest that CSB-NEG has the potential to effectively address the barrier properties of the skin and provide therapeutic benefits for HS, offering a new perspective for the prevention and treatment of HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
- Nano-drug Technology Research Center of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zuhua Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
- Nano-drug Technology Research Center of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xingchu Gong
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zhang
- College of Food and Health, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jing Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
- Nano-drug Technology Research Center of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
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Long X, Guo S, Gu J, Zhang L, Liu H, Fan Y, Wen W. Chemical Fingerprint Analysis and Content Determination of Horned Gallnut and Bellied Gallnut in Galla Chinensis. Int J Anal Chem 2023; 2023:8849341. [PMID: 38188368 PMCID: PMC10771921 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8849341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
To establish an objective and comprehensive methodology to analyse the connections and differences between horned gallnut (HG) and bellied gallnut (BG) in Galla Chinensis (GC). The HPLC fingerprints from 15 batches of HG and 15 batches of BG were performed, and chemometric analysis including similarity analysis (SA), hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA), and orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA) was also set up. The results showed that the similarity of all batch samples was more than 0.9. In fingerprint analysis, 8 distinct common peaks were detected, among which gallic acid (GA), 1,3,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (TGG), and 1,2,3,4,6-O-galloyl-D-glucose (PGG) were identified by comparing with the standard compounds. Meanwhile, samples were clearly grouped into two classifications corresponding to HG and BG. This study demonstrated that HPLC fingerprints coupled with chemometric analysis could be applied to discriminate HG and BG and evaluate the qualities of HG and BG rapidly, which provided a certain experimental basis for the selection of GC raw materials and subsequent use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Long
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Shuang Guo
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Jianxing Gu
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Haipeng Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650041, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuan Fan
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650021, Yunnan, China
| | - Weibo Wen
- Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650021, Yunnan, China
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Zhang OL, Niu JY, Yu OY, Mei ML, Jakubovics NS, Chu CH. Development of a Novel Peptide with Antimicrobial and Mineralising Properties for Caries Management. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2560. [PMID: 38004539 PMCID: PMC10675526 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study is to develop a novel peptide for caries management. Gallic-Acid-Polyphemusin-I (GAPI) was synthesised by grafting Polyphemusin I (PI) and gallic acid (GA). Biocompatibility was evaluated using a Cell Counting Kit-8 Assay. Antimicrobial properties were assessed using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC). The bacterial and fungal morphology after GAPI treatment was investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The architecture of a consortium biofilm consisting of Streptococcus mutans, Lacticaseibacillus casei and Candida albicans was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The growth kinetics of the biofilm was examined using a propidium monoazide-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The surface and calcium-to-phosphorus molar ratio of GAPI-treated enamel after pH cycling were examined with SEM and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Enamel crystal characteristics were analysed using X-ray diffraction. Lesion depths representing the enamel's mineral loss were assessed using micro-computed tomography. The MIC of GAPI against S. mutans, L. casei and C. albicans were 40 μM, 40 μM and 20 μM, respectively. GAPI destroyed the biofilm's three-dimensional structure and inhibited the growth of the biofilm. SEM showed that enamel treated with GAPI had a relatively smooth surface compared to that treated with water. The calcium-to-phosphorus molar ratio of enamel treated with GAPI was higher than that of the control. The lesion depths and mineral loss of the GAPI-treated enamel were less than the control. The crystallinity of the GAPI-treated enamel was higher than the control. This study developed a biocompatible, mineralising and antimicrobial peptide GAPI, which may have potential as an anti-caries agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Lili Zhang
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (O.L.Z.); (J.Y.N.); (O.Y.Y.); (M.L.M.)
| | - John Yun Niu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (O.L.Z.); (J.Y.N.); (O.Y.Y.); (M.L.M.)
| | - Ollie Yiru Yu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (O.L.Z.); (J.Y.N.); (O.Y.Y.); (M.L.M.)
| | - May Lei Mei
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (O.L.Z.); (J.Y.N.); (O.Y.Y.); (M.L.M.)
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Nicholas Stephen Jakubovics
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (O.L.Z.); (J.Y.N.); (O.Y.Y.); (M.L.M.)
- School of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4BW, UK
| | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (O.L.Z.); (J.Y.N.); (O.Y.Y.); (M.L.M.)
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Effect of Pistacia lentiscus Extract on Dentin
Remineralization: An In Vitro Study. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN DENTAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.52547/jrdms.8.1.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
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6
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Novel Dental Restorative Solutions for Natural Teeth and Implants. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:bioengineering9120772. [PMID: 36550979 PMCID: PMC9774112 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9120772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The long-term survival of restorations in the oral cavity has always been one of the most significant challenges in modern dental practice [...].
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7
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Yi J, Cai S. Phytochemical characteristics and biological activities of Rhus chinensis Mill.: a review. Curr Opin Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2022.100925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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8
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Forcin LV, Oliveira TDS, Tomaz PLS, Matochek MHM, Polassi MR, Vilhena FV, Svizero NDR, D'Alpino PHP. Enamel remineralization and surface roughness after treatment with herbal-containing toothpastes. J Clin Exp Dent 2021; 13:e849-e858. [PMID: 34603613 PMCID: PMC8464391 DOI: 10.4317/jced.58025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral care products containing bioactive agents obtained from extracts of plant drugs were launched. This in vitro study investigated the effects of herbal-containing toothpastes associated or not with fluoride to remineralize the enamel after cariogenic challenge with pH cycling. The chemical and physical factors of toothpastes and the enamel surface roughness after brushing were also analyzed.
Material and Methods Sixty bovine enamel blocks were obtained and divided into 3 thirds: intact (untreated), demineralized (artificial caries lesion), and treated (caries lesion, pH cycling, and brushing with toothpastes). Toothpastes containing herbal compounds contained no fluoride [Galla chinensis (GCH)], low-F concentration [D’Or (DOR); Herbal Bliss (HBL)], or a different fluoride type [Elmex Anticaries (EAC)]. The results were compared to NaF-containing toothpastes: 1450 and 5000 ppm. Enamel blocks were brushed with the toothpastes using a pH-cycling model (7 days). The Knoop hardness (25g/10s) of the surface and the longitudinal sections were then evaluated. The percentage of surface hardness recovery (%SHR) was calculated. The enamel surface roughness, pH, particle size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index of toothpaste slurries were also evaluated. Data were statistically analyzed (α=5%).
Results No significance was observed when %SHR was compared (p>0.05). DOR, GCH, and HBL were more effective in remineralizing the enamel subsurface. Significantly higher surface roughness was observed when treated with EAC and GCH (p<0.05).
Conclusions All toothpastes were able to remineralize the enamel, especially the subsurface, with results equal or better than that of standard toothpastes. Key words:Enamel, hardness, roughness, toothpaste, tooth remineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia-Vendrametto Forcin
- Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies (HRAC-USP), Universidade de São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nádia-da Rocha Svizero
- Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies (HRAC-USP), Universidade de São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
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Growth Restriction of Rhizoctonia solani via Breakage of Intracellular Organelles Using Crude Extracts of Gallnut and Clove. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061667. [PMID: 33802719 PMCID: PMC8002394 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant diseases reduce crop yield and quality, hampering the development of agriculture. Fungicides, which restrict chemical synthesis in fungi, are the strongest controls for plant diseases. However, the harmful effects on the environment due to continued and uncontrolled utilization of fungicides have become a major challenge in recent years. Plant-sourced fungicides are a class of plant antibacterial substances or compounds that induce plant defenses. They can kill or inhibit the growth of target pathogens efficiently with no or low toxicity, they degrade readily, and do not prompt development of resistance, which has led to their widespread use. In this study, the growth inhibition effect of 24 plant-sourced ethanol extracts on rice sprigs was studied. Ethanol extract of gallnuts and cloves inhibited the growth of bacteria by up to 100%. Indoor toxicity measurement results showed that the gallnut and glove constituents inhibition reached 39.23 μg/mL and 18.82 μg/mL, respectively. Extract treated rice sprigs were dry and wrinkled. Gallnut caused intracellular swelling and breakage of mitochondria, disintegration of nuclei, aggregation of protoplasts, and complete degradation of organelles in hyphae and aggregation of cellular contents. Protection of Rhizoctonia solani viability reached 46.8% for gallnut and 37.88% for clove in water emulsions of 1000 μg/mL gallnut and clove in the presence of 0.1% Tween 80. The protection by gallnut was significantly stronger than that of clove. The data could inform the choice of plant-sourced fungicides for the comprehensive treatment of rice sprig disease. The studied extract effectively protected rice sprigs and could be a suitable alternative to commercially available chemical fungicides. Further optimized field trials are needed to effectively sterilize rice paddies.
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Ajami S, Habibagahi R, Khashei R, Soroorian M. Evaluation of flexural strength and antibacterial effect of orthodontic acrylic resins containing Galla chinensis extract. Dental Press J Orthod 2021; 25:43-48. [PMID: 33503124 PMCID: PMC7869800 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.25.6.043-048.oar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate different concentrations of Galla chinensis
extract (GCE) added to poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), which is widely
used for fabrication of removable orthodontic appliances, regarding the
effectiveness of this herbal extract on antimicrobial effect and flexural
strength of PMMA. Methods: Acrylic resin samples containing 0.4%, 0.8% and 1.6% GCE were prepared.
Flexural strength was investigated via three-point flexural strength test
for the 15 acrylic resin blocks of each concentration. Disk diffusion test
was used to evaluate antibacterial effects of incorporating the same
concentrations of GCE into acrylic resin. All these three groups were
compared with the control group, with no added GCE, regarding flexural
strength and antibacterial properties. Results: Comparison of flexural strength between the three study groups and the
control group showed significant differences between the groups (P=0.018).
However, there was no significant difference between the groups containing
GCE. There were significant differences in antimicrobial activity between
the four groups (P=0.026). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it is suggested that incorporation of
GCE into PMMA would be beneficial for antimicrobial activity and flexural
strength of PMMA, but further studies on other physical properties and
antimicrobial effects on other bacterial strain would be beneficial prior to
clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Ajami
- Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Orthodontic Research Center, Dental School (Shiraz, Iran)
| | - Raha Habibagahi
- Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Orthodontic Research Center, Dental School (Shiraz, Iran)
| | - Reza Khashei
- Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Bacteriology and Virology (Shiraz, Iran)
| | - Malihe Soroorian
- Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Orthodontic Research Center, Dental School (Shiraz, Iran)
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Prajatelistia E, Sanandiya ND, Nurrochman A, Marseli F, Choy S, Hwang DS. Biomimetic Janus chitin nanofiber membrane for potential guided bone regeneration application. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 251:117032. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Guo L, Wang X, Feng J, Xu X, Li X, Wang W, Sun Y, Xu F. Extraction, identification and mechanism of action of antibacterial substances from Galla chinensis against Vibrio harveyi. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2020.1827980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, School of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xintong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, School of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, School of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaowen Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, School of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangrong Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, School of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, School of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingying Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, School of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fuquan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, School of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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Xi Q, Hoth-Hannig W, Deng S, Jin X, Fu B, Hannig M. The effect of polyphenol-containing solutions on in situ biofilm formation on enamel and dentin. J Dent 2020; 102:103482. [PMID: 32980427 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of Chinese gallnut extracts and pure tannic acid on in situ biofilm formation on enamel and dentin samples over 24 h. METHODS Bovine enamel and dentin samples were buccally fixed on maxillary splints. Six volunteers wore the splints for 24 h, and rinsed their mouths with tap water (control), 1% tannic acid- and 1% Chinese gallnut extracts-containing solution twice a day, 3 min after the splints were placed in the mouth and before night sleep. Live/dead staining was used for fluorescence microscopic (FM) visualization and quantification of bacteria viability of biofilms formed on enamel and dentin samples. Biofilm coverage was evaluated and recorded by FM and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, biofilms were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze biofilm data. RESULTS Rinsing with tannic acid- and Chinese gallnut extracts-containing solutions significantly reduced in situ biofilm coverage on enamel and dentin samples (P < 0.05). The bacterial viability of biofilms formed on enamel samples was significantly reduced compared to the control (P < 0.05). TEM analysis revealed an increase in pellicle's electron density and thickness and only few or no bacteria adherent to the pellicle in the experimental samples. CONCLUSIONS Rinsing with tannic acid- and Chinese gallnut extracts-containing solutions can effectively inhibit in situ biofilm formation, modify the ultrastructure of biofilms on enamel and dentin surfaces and significantly reduce the bacterial viability of biofilm on enamel surfaces. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Tannic acid- and Chinese gallnut extracts-containing solutions might be used for dental biofilm management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingping Xi
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yan'an Road 395, 310006, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Stomatology, Kaixuan Road 268, 310020, Hangzhou, China; Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Building 73, Saarland University, D-66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Wiebke Hoth-Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Building 73, Saarland University, D-66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Shuli Deng
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yan'an Road 395, 310006, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Stomatology, Kaixuan Road 268, 310020, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Jin
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yan'an Road 395, 310006, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Stomatology, Kaixuan Road 268, 310020, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baiping Fu
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yan'an Road 395, 310006, Hangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Stomatology, Kaixuan Road 268, 310020, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Building 73, Saarland University, D-66421, Homburg, Germany.
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Li M, Wu Z, Zhang R, Lei L, Ye S, Cheng R, Hu T. Comparison of oral health behaviour between dental and non-dental undergraduates in a university in southwestern China--exploring the future priority for oral health education. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:249. [PMID: 32894119 PMCID: PMC7487576 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01232-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Based on a national survey in 2015, people’s oral health behaviour (OHB) has not kept up with the pace of knowledge and attitudes in China after decades of oral health education (OHE). Thus, we need to improve OHE to strengthen people’s OHB. Undergraduates are regarded as the best candidates for the improvement of OHE. The objective of this study is to determine undergraduates’ oral health status and existing problems in OHB by comparing dental and non-dental students at Sichuan University. We hope to provide some suggestions for future OHE to improve people’s OHB. Methods A quasi-experimental study designed with a pre-test and post-test group was conducted. A total of 217 dental students and 135 non-dental students were enrolled. They were administered an OHE course focused on OHB. A survey about oral health behaviour and knowledge was conducted before and after the course. Results According to the pre-course survey, dental students surpassed non-dental students in terms of toothbrushing frequency, method, and time, but unfortunately, flossing was overlooked by all the students. After the course, both dental and non-dental students showed strong willingness to improve their OHB. More non-dental students than dental students were willing to use toothpicks and Chinese herbal toothpaste before and after the course. Conclusions OHE focused on behaviour has a positive effect on university students. Future OHE and interventions should focus on flossing, toothbrushing methods, toothpicks, Chinese herbal toothpaste and modifications to adopt new media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Li
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiwu Wu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Siqi Ye
- West China school of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ran Cheng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Tao Hu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Polyphenols in Dental Applications. Bioengineering (Basel) 2020; 7:bioengineering7030072. [PMID: 32645860 PMCID: PMC7552636 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering7030072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: polyphenols are a broad class of molecules extracted from plants and have a large repertoire of biological activities. Biomimetic inspiration from the effects of tea or red wine on the surface of cups or glass lead to the emergence of versatile surface chemistry with polyphenols. Owing to their hydrogen bonding abilities, coordination chemistry with metallic cations and redox properties, polyphenols are able to interact, covalently or not, with a large repertoire of chemical moieties, and can hence be used to modify the surface chemistry of almost all classes of materials. (2) Methods: the use of polyphenols to modify the surface properties of dental materials, mostly enamel and dentin, to afford them with better adhesion to resins and improved biological properties, such as antimicrobial activity, started more than 20 years ago, but no general overview has been written to our knowledge. (3) Results: the present review is aimed to show that molecules from all the major classes of polyphenolics allow for low coast improvements of dental materials and engineering of dental tissues.
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Drakopoulos D, Luz C, Torrijos R, Meca G, Weber P, Bänziger I, Voegele RT, Six J, Vogelgsang S. Use of Botanicals to Suppress Different Stages of the Life Cycle of Fusarium graminearum. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2019; 109:2116-2123. [PMID: 31600112 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-06-19-0205-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most important cereal diseases worldwide, causing yield losses and contamination of harvested products with mycotoxins. Fusarium graminearum is one of the most common FHB-causing species in wheat and barley cropping systems. We assessed the ability of different botanical extracts to suppress essential stages of the fungal life cycle using three strains of F. graminearum (FG0410, FG2113, and FG1145). The botanicals included aqueous extracts from white mustard (Sinapis alba) seed flour (Pure Yellow Mustard [PYM] and Tillecur [Ti]) as well as milled Chinese galls (CG). At 2% concentration (wt/vol), PYM and Ti completely inhibited growth of mycelium of all F. graminearum strains whereas, at 1%, CG reduced the growth by 65 to 83%, depending on the strain. While PYM and Ti reduced the germination of both conidia and ascospores at 2% (wt/vol), CG was only effective in reducing conidia germination. Perithecia formation of FG0410 but not FG2113 was suppressed by all botanicals. Moreover, application of botanicals on mature perithecia led to a two- to fourfold reduction in discharge of ascospores. Using liquid chromatography (LC) with diode array detection, we quantified the principal glucosinolate component sinalbin of PYM and Ti. LC time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to demonstrate that the bioactive matrix of CG contains different gallotannins as well as gallic and tannic acids. Possible antifungal mechanisms of the botanical matrices are discussed. The results of this study are promising and suggest that PYM, Ti, and CG should be explored further for efficacy at managing FHB.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2019 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Drakopoulos
- Ecological Plant Protection in Arable Crops, Research Division Plant Protection, Agroscope, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
- Sustainable Agroecosystems, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carlos Luz
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Raquel Torrijos
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Meca
- Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
| | - Pascal Weber
- Ecological Plant Protection in Arable Crops, Research Division Plant Protection, Agroscope, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Irene Bänziger
- Ecological Plant Protection in Arable Crops, Research Division Plant Protection, Agroscope, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ralf T Voegele
- Department of Phytopathology, Institute of Phytomedicine, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johan Six
- Sustainable Agroecosystems, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Vogelgsang
- Ecological Plant Protection in Arable Crops, Research Division Plant Protection, Agroscope, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland
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Heirangkhongjam MD, Ngaseppam IS. Traditional medicinal uses and pharmacological properties of Rhus chinensis Mill.: A systematic review. Eur J Integr Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Zhou X, Xu X, Li J, Hu D, Hu T, Yin W, Fan Y, Zhang X. Oral health in China: from vision to action. Int J Oral Sci 2018; 10:1. [PMID: 29343681 PMCID: PMC5944598 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-017-0006-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chinese president Xi Jinping made clear at the National Health and Wellness Conference that health is the prerequisite for people's all-around development and a precondition for the sustainable development of China. Oral health is an indispensable component of overall health in humans. However, the long neglect of oral health in overall health agendas has made oral diseases an increasing concern. With this perspective, we described the global challenges of oral diseases, with an emphasis on the challenges faced by China. We also described and analyzed the recently released health policies of the Chinese government, which aim to guide mid-term and long-term oral health promotion in China. More importantly, we called for specific actions to fulfill the larger goal of oral health for the nation. The implementation of primordial prevention efforts against oral diseases, the integration of oral health into the promotion of overall health, and the management of oral diseases in conjunction with other chronic non-communicable diseases with shared risk factors were highly recommended. In addition, we suggested the reform of standard clinical residency training, the development of domestic manufacturing of dental equipment and materials, the revitalization traditional Chinese medicine for the prevention and treatment of oral diseases, and integration of oral health promotion into the Belt and Road Initiative. We look forward to seeing a joint effort from all aspects of the society to fulfill the goal of Healthy China 2030 and ensure the oral health of the nation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Deyu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujiang Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Huang X, Browngardt CM, Jiang M, Ahn SJ, Burne RA, Nascimento MM. Diversity in Antagonistic Interactions between Commensal Oral Streptococci and Streptococcus mutans. Caries Res 2017; 52:88-101. [PMID: 29258070 PMCID: PMC5828942 DOI: 10.1159/000479091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Arginine metabolism via the arginine deiminase system (ADS) of oral bacteria generates ammonia, which can increase the pH of oral biofilms and decrease the risk for dental caries. Antagonistic interactions between ADS-positive and cariogenic bacteria in oral biofilms may be an important ecological determinant of caries. This study investigated the antagonistic potential and mechanisms of clinical isolates of arginolytic streptococci on and by Streptococcus mutans UA159, a well-characterized cariogenic human isolate. Low-passage isolates of Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus parasanguinis, Streptococcus australis, and Streptococcus cristatus inhibited the growth of S. mutans to various degrees when they were inoculated on growth media first or simultaneously with S. mutans. The antagonistic effects of arginolytic strains against S. mutans and the production of H2O2 by these strains were enhanced during growth in a less-rich medium or when galactose was substituted for glucose as the primary carbohydrate source. Pyruvate oxidase was the dominant pathway for H2O2 production by arginolytic strains, but lactate oxidase activity was also detected in some strains of S. gordonii and S. cristatus. UA159 inhibited the growth of all tested arginolytic strains when inoculated first, especially in aerobic conditions. However, the antagonistic effects of S. mutans on certain strains of S. gordonii and S. australis were not observed during anaerobic growth in the presence of arginine. Thus, arginolytic commensal streptococci may have a synergistically positive impact on the ecology of oral biofilms by moderating biofilm pH while antagonizing the growth and virulence of caries pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Huang
- Division of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | - Min Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Sang-Joon Ahn
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Robert A. Burne
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Marcelle M. Nascimento
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Division of Operative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Zhang TT, Guo HJ, Liu XJ, Chu JP, Zhou XD. Galla chinensis Compounds Remineralize Enamel Caries Lesions in a Rat Model. Caries Res 2017; 50:159-65. [PMID: 27111668 DOI: 10.1159/000445036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of Galla chinensis chemical compounds on enamel caries remineralization in rats. METHODS A total of 40 rats were inoculated with Streptococcus sobrinus 6715 and fed a cariogenic diet (Keyes 2000). The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups and treated topically twice a day with each of the following extracts (or control) for 5 weeks: distilled and deionized water (DDW, negative control); 1,000 ppm NaF (positive control); 4,000 ppm G. chinensis crude aqueous extract (GCE), or 4,000 ppm gallic acid (GA). After the experimental period, Keyes' caries diagnosis and scoring technique was applied as a preliminary evaluation on the molar teeth. For more accurate remineralization data, the residual enamel volume of the first molar and the mineral density (MD) of the enamel were further analyzed by micro-CT. RESULTS The severity of molar enamel caries decreased in the following order of treatment groups: DDW > GA > GCE > NaF (p < 0.05). In addition, the residual first molar enamel volume and MD values increased in the order of DDW, GA, GCE and NaF treatment groups (p < 0.05). In most molars, remineralization layers were observed on the surface of lesions. CONCLUSION G. chinensis compounds remineralize enamel caries lesions in a rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tie-Ting Zhang
- College of Stomatology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Huang X, Zhang K, Deng M, Exterkate RA, Liu C, Zhou X, Cheng L, ten Cate JM. Effect of arginine on the growth and biofilm formation of oral bacteria. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 82:256-262. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Boonviriya S, Tannukit S, Jitpukdeebodintra S. Effects of tannin-fluoride and milk-fluoride mixture on human enamel erosion from inappropriately chlorinated pool water. J Oral Sci 2017; 59:383-390. [PMID: 28904314 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.16-0582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
This in vitro study aimed to investigate the efficacy of tannin-fluoride and milk-fluoride mixtures on human enamel erosion after exposure to inappropriately chlorinated pool water. Enamel specimens were immersed in swimming pool water (pH 2.7) for 30 min and in each test reagent for 4 min once a day for 60 consecutive days (group I: control, group II: tannin-fluoride, group III: milk-fluoride, group IV: tannin-fluoride before and milk-fluoride after erosive challenge, and group V: milk containing tannin-fluoride before and after erosive exposure). Surface microhardness was assessed on days 0, 30, and 60. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) were performed after treatment of samples for 60 days. Surface microhardness of experimental groups was ranked as follows: group III > group IV-group V > group II > group I (P < 0.05). Moreover, SEM images revealed deposition of substances on erosive enamel surface after treatment with tannin-fluoride and milk-fluoride mixtures. Furthermore, EPMA profiles showed decrease of phosphorus and increase of fluoride content in groups II and IV. In conclusion, we demonstrated that treatment with fluoridated milk with or without tannin-fluoride has protective effects against enamel erosion caused by low-pH swimming pool water.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sissada Tannukit
- Department of Oral Biology and Occlusion, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University
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Huang X, Deng M, Liu M, Cheng L, Exterkate RAM, Li J, Zhou X, Ten Cate JM. Comparison of Composition and Anticaries Effect of Galla Chinensis Extracts with Different Isolation Methods. Open Dent J 2017; 11:447-459. [PMID: 28979574 PMCID: PMC5611702 DOI: 10.2174/1874210601711010447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Galla chinensis water extract (GCE) has been demonstrated to inhibit dental caries by favorably shifting the demineralization/remineralization balance of enamel and inhibiting the biomass and acid formation of dental biofilm. The present study focused on the comparison of composition and anticaries effect of Galla chinensis extracts with different isolation methods, aiming to improve the efficacy of caries prevention. Methods: The composition of water extract (GCE), ethanol extract (eGCE) and commercial tannic acid was compared. High performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS) analysis was used to analyze the main ingredients. In vitro pH-cycling regime and polymicrobial biofilms model were used to assess the ability of different Galla chinensis extracts to inhibit enamel demineralization, acid formation and biofilm formation. Results: All the GCE, eGCE and tannic acid contained a high level of total phenolics. HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS analysis showed that the main ingredients of GCE were gallic acid (GA), while eGCE mainly contained 4-7 galloylglucopyranoses (GGs) and tannic acid mainly contained 5-10 GGs. Furthermore, eGCE and tannic acid showed a better effect on inhibiting enamel demineralization, acid formation and biofilm formation compared to GCE. Conclusions: Galla chinensis extracts with higher tannin content were suggested to have higher potential to prevent dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Cariology, Endodontology, Pedodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Meng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Oral Biology Program, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mingdong Liu
- Department of Analytical Toxicology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - R A M Exterkate
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology, Pedodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jiyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jacob M Ten Cate
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology, Pedodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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A Highly Arginolytic Streptococcus Species That Potently Antagonizes Streptococcus mutans. Appl Environ Microbiol 2016; 82:2187-201. [PMID: 26826230 DOI: 10.1128/aem.03887-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of certain oral biofilm bacteria to moderate pH through arginine metabolism by the arginine deiminase system (ADS) is a deterrent to the development of dental caries. Here, we characterize a novel Streptococcus strain, designated strain A12, isolated from supragingival dental plaque of a caries-free individual. A12 not only expressed the ADS pathway at high levels under a variety of conditions but also effectively inhibited growth and two intercellular signaling pathways of the dental caries pathogen Streptococcus mutans. A12 produced copious amounts of H2O2 via the pyruvate oxidase enzyme that were sufficient to arrest the growth of S. mutans. A12 also produced a protease similar to challisin (Sgc) of Streptococcus gordonii that was able to block the competence-stimulating peptide (CSP)-ComDE signaling system, which is essential for bacteriocin production by S. mutans. Wild-type A12, but not an sgc mutant derivative, could protect the sensitive indicator strain Streptococcus sanguinis SK150 from killing by the bacteriocins of S. mutans. A12, but not S. gordonii, could also block the XIP (comX-inducing peptide) signaling pathway, which is the proximal regulator of genetic competence in S. mutans, but Sgc was not required for this activity. The complete genome sequence of A12 was determined, and phylogenomic analyses compared A12 to streptococcal reference genomes. A12 was most similar to Streptococcus australis and Streptococcus parasanguinis but sufficiently different that it may represent a new species. A12-like organisms may play crucial roles in the promotion of stable, health-associated oral biofilm communities by moderating plaque pH and interfering with the growth and virulence of caries pathogens.
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Zhang T, Chu J, Zhou X. Anti-carious Effects ofGalla chinensis: A Systematic Review. Phytother Res 2015; 29:1837-42. [PMID: 26331796 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tieting Zhang
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan 450000 China
| | - Jinpu Chu
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou Henan 450000 China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Dental Science; Sichuan University; Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China
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1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-galloylglucose within Galla Chinensis Inhibits Human LDH-A and Attenuates Cell Proliferation in MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:276946. [PMID: 25918543 PMCID: PMC4396556 DOI: 10.1155/2015/276946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A characteristic feature of aggressive malignancy is the overexpression of lactic acid dehydrogenase- (LDH-) A, concomitant to pericellular accumulation of lactate. In a recent high-throughput screening, we identified Rhus chinensis (Mill.) gallnut (RCG) (also known as Galla Chinensis) extract as a potent (IC50 < 1 µg/mL) inhibitor of human LDH-A (hLDH-A). In this study, through bioactivity guided fractionation of the crude extract, the data demonstrate that penta-1,2,3,4,6-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (PGG) was a primary constituent responsible for hLDH-A inhibition, present at ~9.95 ± 0.34% dry weight. Theoretical molecular docking studies of hLDH-A indicate that PGG acts through competitive binding at the NADH cofactor site, effects confirmed by functional enzyme studies where the IC50 = 27.32 nM was reversed with increasing concentration of NADH. Moreover, we confirm protein expression of hLDH-A in MDA-231 human breast carcinoma cells and show that PGG was toxic (LC50 = 94.18 µM), parallel to attenuated lactic acid production (IC50 = 97.81 µM). In a 72-hour cell proliferation assay, PGG was found to be a potent cytostatic agent with ability to halt cell division (IC50 = 1.2 µM) relative to paclitaxel (IC50 < 100 nM). In summary, these findings demonstrate that PGG is a potent hLDH-A inhibitor with significant capacity to halt proliferation of human breast cancer cells.
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Tang B, Yuan H, Cheng L, Zhou X, Huang X, Li J. Control of hydroxyapatite crystal growth by gallic acid. Dent Mater J 2015; 34:108-13. [PMID: 25748466 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2014-175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to detect the effect of gallic acid (GA) on hydroxyapatie crystal growth and find the mechanism of the regulation. We evaluated the morphology of HAP crystals grown under various amounts of GA (0, 0.05, 1, and 4 gL(-1)). Subsequently, the chemical composition, crystal size and the morphology were investigated via the energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer, attenuated total fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscopy. In all groups, the Ca/P ratio was closed to 1.67. In the absence of GA, crystals did not arrange, while in the presence of GA, crystals tended to form spherules. The size of the crystals decreased with the concentration of GA increased. These results indicated the role of GA on the growth and morphology of hydroxyapatite crystals, which might be the key mechanism for gallic acid regulating the mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu; Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University
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Zhang J, Huang X, Huang S, Deng M, Xie X, Liu M, Liu H, Zhou X, Li J, Ten Cate JM. Changes in composition and enamel demineralization inhibition activities of gallic acid at different pH values. Acta Odontol Scand 2015; 73:595-601. [PMID: 25644205 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2015.1007478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gallic acid (GA) has been shown to inhibit demineralization and enhance remineralization of enamel; however, GA solution is highly acidic. This study was to investigate the stability of GA solutions at various pH and to examine the resultant effects on enamel demineralization. METHODS The stability of GA in H2O or in phosphate buffer at pH 5.5, pH 7.0 and pH 10.0 was evaluated qualitatively by ultraviolet absorption spectra and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). Then, bovine enamel blocks were subjected to a pH-cycling regime of 12 cycles. Each cycle included 5 min applications with one of the following treatments: 1 g/L NaF (positive control), 4 g/L GA in H2O or buffered at pH 5.5, pH 7.0 and pH 10.0 and buffers without GA at the same pH (negative control), followed by a 60 min application with pH 5.0 acidic buffers and a 5 min application with neutral buffers. The acidic buffers were analysed for dissolved calcium. RESULTS GA was stable in pure water and acidic condition, but was unstable in neutral and alkaline conditions, in which ultraviolet spectra changed and HPLC-DAD analysis revealed that most of the GA was degraded. All the GA groups significantly inhibited demineralization (p < 0.05) and there was no significant difference of the inhibition efficacy among different GA groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS GA could inhibit enamel demineralization and the inhibition effect is not influenced by pH. GA could be a useful source as an anti-cariogenic agent for broad practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University , Chengdu , PR China
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Lee H, Yu SR, Lim D, Lee H, Jin EY, Jang YP, Kim J. Galla Chinensis Attenuates Cigarette Smoke-associated Lung Injury by Inhibiting Recruitment of Inflammatory Cells into the Lung. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2014; 116:222-8. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyojung Lee
- Department of Oriental Physiology; College of Pharmacy; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Korea
| | - Seung-Ryeol Yu
- Department of Oriental Physiology; College of Pharmacy; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Korea
| | - Dahae Lim
- Department of Oriental Physiology; College of Pharmacy; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Korea
| | - Hyejung Lee
- Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center; KyungHee University; Seoul Korea
| | - Eun-Young Jin
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences; College of Pharmacy; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Korea
| | - Young-Pyo Jang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences; College of Pharmacy; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Korea
| | - Jinju Kim
- Department of Oriental Physiology; College of Pharmacy; Kyung Hee University; Seoul Korea
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Zhong B, Peng C, Wang G, Tian L, Cai Q, Cui F. Contemporary research findings on dentine remineralization. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2013; 9:1004-16. [PMID: 23955967 DOI: 10.1002/term.1814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhong
- Centre of Stomatology; China-Japan Friendship Hospital; Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Ce Peng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Tsinghua University; Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Guanhong Wang
- Centre of Stomatology; China-Japan Friendship Hospital; Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Tian
- Centre of Stomatology; China-Japan Friendship Hospital; Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Cai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Tsinghua University; Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Fuzhai Cui
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Tsinghua University; Beijing People's Republic of China
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