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Du P, Zhu K, Qiao H, Zhang J, Meng H, Huang Z, Yu Y, Xie S, Allen E, Xiong J, Zhang B, Chang X, Ren X, Xu Y, Zhou Q, Han S, Jin L, Wei P, Wang CC, Wen S. Ancient genome of the Chinese Emperor Wu of Northern Zhou. Curr Biol 2024; 34:1587-1595.e5. [PMID: 38552628 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Emperor Wu (, Wudi) of the Xianbei-led Northern Zhou dynasty, named Yuwen Yong (, 543-578 CE), was a highly influential emperor who reformed the system of regional troops, pacified the Turks, and unified the northern part of the country. His genetic profile and physical characteristics, including his appearance and potential diseases, have garnered significant interest from the academic community and the public. In this study, we have successfully generated a 0.343×-coverage genome of Wudi with 1,011,419 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the 1240k panel. By analyzing pigmentation-relevant SNPs and conducting cranial CT-based facial reconstruction, we have determined that Wudi possessed a typical East or Northeast Asian appearance. Furthermore, pathogenic SNPs suggest Wudi faced an increased susceptibility to certain diseases, such as stroke. Wudi shared the closest genetic relationship with ancient Khitan and Heishui Mohe samples and modern Daur and Mongolian populations but also showed additional affinity with Yellow River (YR) farmers. We estimated that Wudi derived 61% of his ancestry from ancient Northeast Asians (ANAs) and nearly one-third from YR farmer-related groups. This can likely be attributed to continuous intermarriage between Xianbei royal families, and local Han aristocrats.1,2 Furthermore, our study has revealed genetic diversities among available ancient Xianbei individuals from different regions, suggesting that the formation of the Xianbei was a dynamic process influenced by admixture with surrounding populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panxin Du
- Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Kongyang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Hui Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | | | - Hailiang Meng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zixiao Huang
- Department of History, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yao Yu
- Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shouhua Xie
- Department of History, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Edward Allen
- Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jianxue Xiong
- Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Baoshuai Zhang
- USTC Archaeometry Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xin Chang
- Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaoying Ren
- Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yiran Xu
- Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Shanghai Federation of Social Science Associations, Shanghai 200020, China
| | - Sheng Han
- Department of History, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Li Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Pianpian Wei
- Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Chuan-Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Sciences in Bioanthropology, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Shaoqing Wen
- Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; MOE Laboratory for National Development and Intelligent Governance, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Center for the Belt and Road Archaeology and Ancient Civilizations, Shanghai 200433, China.
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2
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Lan Q, Cai M, Lei F, Shen C, Zhu B. Systematically exploring the performance of a self-developed Multi-InDel system in forensic identification, ancestry inference and genetic structure analysis of Chinese Manchu and Mongolian groups. Forensic Sci Int 2023; 346:111637. [PMID: 36934684 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2023.111637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
The insertion/deletion (InDel) polymorphism has promising applications in forensic DNA analysis. However, the insufficient forensic efficiencies of the present InDel-based systems restrict their applications in parentage testing, due to the lower genetic polymorphism of the biallelic InDel locus and the limited number of InDel loci in a multiplex amplification system. Here, we introduced an in-house developed system which contained 41 polymorphic Multi-InDel markers (equivalent to 82 InDels in total), to serve as an efficient and reliable tool for different forensic applications in the Manchu and Mongolian groups. We demonstrated that the new system exhibited potential efficiencies for personal identification, parentage testing, two-person DNA mixture interpretation and ancestry inference of intercontinental populations. Meanwhile, we explored the genetic backgrounds of the Manchu and Mongolian groups by conducting a series of population genetic analyses. We showed that the Manchu and Mongolian groups shared closer genetic relationships with East Asian populations, especially Han Chinese populations in northern China. Moreover, more similar genetic compositions were detected between the Manchu group and the northern Han populations in this study, suggesting that the Manchu group had higher genetic affinities with northern Han populations than the Mongolian group. Overall. this study provided the necessary evidence that these Multi-InDel genetic markers could play an important role in forensic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Lan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China; Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiming Cai
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanzhang Lei
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunmei Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Bofeng Zhu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China; Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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3
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Improving the regional Y-STR haplotype resolution utilizing haplogroup-determining Y-SNPs and the application of machine learning in Y-SNP haplogroup prediction in a forensic Y-STR database: A pilot study on male Chinese Yunnan Zhaoyang Han population. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2021; 57:102659. [PMID: 35007855 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2021.102659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Improving the resolution of the current widely used Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat (Y-STR) dataset is of great importance for forensic investigators, and the current approach is limited, except for the addition of more Y-STR loci. In this research, a regional Y-DNA database was investigated to improve the Y-STR haplotype resolution utilizing a Y-SNP Pedigree Tagging System that includes 24 Y-chromosomal single nucleotide polymorphism (Y-SNP) loci. This pilot study was conducted in the Chinese Yunnan Zhaoyang Han population, and 3473 unrelated male individuals were enrolled. Based on data on the male haplogroups under different panels, the matched or near-matching (NM) Y-STR haplotype pairs from different haplogroups indicated the critical roles of haplogroups in improving the regional Y-STR haplotype resolution. A classic median-joining network analysis was performed using Y-STR or Y-STR/Y-SNP data to reconstruct population substructures, which revealed the ability of Y-SNPs to correct misclassifications from Y-STRs. Additionally, population substructures were reconstructed using multiple unsupervised or supervised dimensionality reduction methods, which indicated the potential of Y-STR haplotypes in predicting Y-SNP haplogroups. Haplogroup prediction models were built based on nine publicly accessible machine-learning (ML) approaches. The results showed that the best prediction accuracy score could reach 99.71% for major haplogroups and 98.54% for detailed haplogroups. Potential influences on prediction accuracy were assessed by adjusting the Y-STR locus numbers, selecting Y-STR loci with various mutabilities, and performing data processing. ML-based predictors generally presented a better prediction accuracy than two available predictors (Nevgen and EA-YPredictor). Three tree models were developed based on the Yfiler Plus panel with unprocessed input data, which showed their strong generalization ability in classifying various Chinese Han subgroups (validation dataset). In conclusion, this study revealed the significance and application prospects of Y-SNP haplogroups in improving regional Y-STR databases. Y-SNP haplogroups can be used to discriminate NM Y-STR haplotype pairs, and it is important for forensic Y-STR databases to develop haplogroup prediction tools to improve the accuracy of biogeographic ancestry inferences.
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4
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Yang X, Sarengaowa, He G, Guo J, Zhu K, Ma H, Zhao J, Yang M, Chen J, Zhang X, Tao L, Liu Y, Zhang XF, Wang CC. Genomic Insights Into the Genetic Structure and Natural Selection of Mongolians. Front Genet 2021; 12:735786. [PMID: 34956310 PMCID: PMC8693022 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.735786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mongolians dwell at the Eastern Eurasian Steppe, where is the agriculture and pasture interlaced area, practice pastoral subsistence strategies for generations, and have their own complex genetic formation history. There is evidence that the eastward expansion of Western Steppe herders transformed the lifestyle of post-Bronze Age Mongolia Plateau populations and brought gene flow into the gene pool of Eastern Eurasians. Here, we reported genome-wide data for 42 individuals from the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of North China. We observed that our studied Mongolians were structured into three distinct genetic clusters possessing different genetic affinity with previous studied Inner Mongolians and Mongols and various Eastern and Western Eurasian ancestries: two subgroups harbored dominant Eastern Eurasian ancestry from Neolithic millet farmers of Yellow River Basin; another subgroup derived Eastern Eurasian ancestry primarily from Neolithic hunter-gatherers of North Asia. Besides, three-way/four-way qpAdm admixture models revealed that both north and southern Western Eurasian ancestry related to the Western Steppe herders and Iranian farmers contributed to the genetic materials into modern Mongolians. ALDER-based admixture coefficient and haplotype-based GLOBETROTTER demonstrated that the former western ancestry detected in modern Mongolian could be recently traced back to a historic period in accordance with the historical record about the westward expansion of the Mongol empire. Furthermore, the natural selection analysis of Mongolians showed that the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) region underwent significantly positive selective sweeps. The functional genes, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and lactase persistence (LCT), were not identified, while the higher/lower frequencies of derived mutations were strongly correlated with the genetic affinity to East Asian/Western Eurasian populations. Our attested complex population movement and admixture in the agriculture and pasture interlaced area played an important role in the formation of modern Mongolians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Yang
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Sarengaowa
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Guanglin He
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jianxin Guo
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Kongyang Zhu
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hao Ma
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Meiqing Yang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xianpeng Zhang
- Institute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Le Tao
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yilan Liu
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiu-Fang Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chuan-Chao Wang
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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5
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Zhang X, He G, Li W, Wang Y, Li X, Chen Y, Qu Q, Wang Y, Xi H, Wang CC, Wen Y. Genomic Insight Into the Population Admixture History of Tungusic-Speaking Manchu People in Northeast China. Front Genet 2021; 12:754492. [PMID: 34659368 PMCID: PMC8515022 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.754492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Manchu is the third-largest ethnic minority in China and has the largest population size among the Tungusic-speaking groups. However, the genetic origin and admixture history of the Manchu people are far from clear due to the sparse sampling and a limited number of markers genotyped. Here, we provided the first batch of genome-wide data of genotyping approximate 700,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 93 Manchu individuals collected from northeast China. We merged the newly generated data with data of publicly available modern and ancient East Asians to comprehensively characterize the genetic diversity and fine-scale population structure, as well as explore the genetic origin and admixture history of northern Chinese Manchus. We applied both descriptive methods of ADMIXTURE, fineSTRUCTURE, F ST , TreeMix, identity by decedent (IBD), principal component analysis (PCA), and qualitative f-statistics (f 3, f 4, qpAdm, and qpWave). We found that Liaoning Manchus have a close genetic relationship and significant admixture signal with northern Han Chinese, which is in line with the cluster patterns in the haplotype-based results. Additionally, the qpAdm-based admixture models showed that modern Manchu people were formed as major ancestry related to Yellow River farmers and minor ancestry linked to ancient populations from Amur River Bain, or others. In summary, the northeastern Chinese Manchu people in Liaoning were an exception to the coherent genetic structure of Tungusic-speaking populations, probably due to the large-scale population migrations and genetic admixtures in the past few hundred years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianpeng Zhang
- Institute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Guanglin He
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- School of Humanities, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wenhui Li
- Institute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Yunfeng Wang
- Xinbin Manchu Autonomous County People’s Hospital, Fushun, China
| | - Xin Li
- Institute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Quanying Qu
- Institute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Huanjiu Xi
- Institute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Chuan-Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Youfeng Wen
- Institute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
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Wen SQ, Yao HB, Du PX, Wei LH, Tong XZ, Wang LX, Wang CC, Zhou BY, Shi MS, Zhabagin M, Wang J, Xu D, Jin L, Li H. Molecular genealogy of Tusi Lu's family reveals their paternal relationship with Jochi, Genghis Khan's eldest son. J Hum Genet 2019; 64:815-820. [PMID: 31164702 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-019-0618-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Genghis Khan's lineage has attracted both academic and general interest because of its mystery and large influence. However, the truth behind the mystery is complicated and continues to confound the scientific study. In this study, we surveyed the molecular genealogy of Northwestern China's Lu clan who claim to be the descendants of the sixth son of Genghis Khan, Toghan. We also investigated living members of the Huo and Tuo clans, who, according to oral tradition, were close male relatives of Lu clan. Using network analysis, we found that the Y-chromosomal haplotypes of Lu clan mainly belong to haplogroup C2b1a1b1-F1756, widely prevalent in Altaic-speaking populations, and are closely related to the Tore clan from Kazakhstan, who claim to be the descendants of the first son of Genghis Khan, Jochi. The most recent common ancestor of the special haplotype cluster that includes the Lu clan and Tore clan lived about 1000 years ago (YA), while the Huo and Tuo clans do not share any Y lineages with the Lu clan. In addition to the reported lineages, such as C3*-Star Cluster, R1b-M343, and Q, our results indicate that haplogroup C2b1a1b1-F1756 might be another candidate of the true Y lineage of Genghis Khan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Qing Wen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and B&R International Joint Laboratory for Eurasian Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, 200433, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Bing Yao
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Science of Gansu Province, Gansu Institute of Political Science and Law, 730070, Lanzhou, China
| | - Pan-Xin Du
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and B&R International Joint Laboratory for Eurasian Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan-Hai Wei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and B&R International Joint Laboratory for Eurasian Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China.,Department of Anthropology and Ethnology Institute of Anthropology, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Xin-Zhu Tong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and B&R International Joint Laboratory for Eurasian Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling-Xiang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and B&R International Joint Laboratory for Eurasian Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan-Chao Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and B&R International Joint Laboratory for Eurasian Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China.,Department of Anthropology and Ethnology Institute of Anthropology, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Bo-Yan Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and B&R International Joint Laboratory for Eurasian Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei-Sen Shi
- Institute of the Investigation School of Criminal Justice, China University of Political Science and Law, 100088, Beijing, China
| | - Maxat Zhabagin
- National Center for Biotechnology, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Jiucun Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and B&R International Joint Laboratory for Eurasian Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales, Centre de Recherches de Linguistique d'Asie Orientale, Institut Universitaire de France, 65 rue des Grands Moulins, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Li Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and B&R International Joint Laboratory for Eurasian Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and B&R International Joint Laboratory for Eurasian Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 200438, Shanghai, China.
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7
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Wei LH, Yan S, Yu G, Huang YZ, Yao DL, Li SL, Jin L, Li H. Genetic trail for the early migrations of Aisin Gioro, the imperial house of the Qing dynasty. J Hum Genet 2016; 62:407-411. [PMID: 27853133 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2016.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The House of Aisin Gioro, the imperial clan of Qing dynasty (1644-1911), affected the history of China and the formation of Manchu ethnicity greatly. However, owing to the lack of historical records and archeological evidences, the origin of the House of Aisin Gioro remains ambiguous. To clarify the origin of Aisin Gioro clan, we conducted whole Y-chromosome sequencing on three samples and Y-single-nucleotide polymorphism (Y-SNP) genotyping on other four samples beside those reported in previous work. We confirmed that the paternal lineage of the Aisin Gioro clan belongs to haplogroup C3b1a3a2-F8951, a brother branch of C3*-Star Cluster (currently named as C3b1a3a1-F3796, once linked to Genghis Khan), which is quite different from the predominant lineage C3c-M48 in other Tungusic-speaking populations. We also determined a series of unique Y-SNP markers for the Aisin Gioro clan. Diversity analyses of haplogroup C3b1a3a2-F8951 revealed the early migration of the ancestors of the Aisin Gioro clan from the middle reaches of Amur River to their later settlement in southeastern Manchuria. Hence, our results suggest that the Aisin Gioro clan may be descendants of ancient populations in Transbaikal region and closely related to origin of current Daur populations. Our research indicated that detailed research of stemma and deep sequencing of Y chromosomes are helpful to explore the prehistoric activities of populations lacking historical records and archeological evidences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Hai Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Society of Anthropology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Society of Anthropology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ge Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Society of Anthropology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Zhi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Society of Anthropology, Shanghai, China
| | - Da-Li Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Society of Anthropology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Society of Anthropology, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Society of Anthropology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Society of Anthropology, Shanghai, China
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8
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Yao H, Wen S, Tong X, Zhou B, Du P, Shi M, Jin L, Li H. Y chromosomal clue successfully facilitated the arrest of Baiyin serial killer. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-016-1183-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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