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Chouery E, Karam R, Mrad YN, Mehawej C, Dib El Jalbout N, Bleik J, Mahfoud D, Megarbane A. Spondyloocular Syndrome: A Report of an Additional Family and Phenotypic Spectrum Delineation. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:497. [PMID: 36833424 PMCID: PMC9957273 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Spondyloocular syndrome (SOS, OMIM # 605822) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by osseous and ocular manifestations, including generalized osteoporosis, multiple long bones fractures, platyspondyly, dense cataracts and retinal detachment, and dysmorphic facial features, with or without short stature, cardiopathy, hearing impairment, and intellectual disability. Biallelic mutations in the XYLT2 gene (OMIM * 608125), encoding the xylosyltransferase II, were shown to be responsible for this disease. To date, 22 cases with SOS have been described, with varying clinical presentations and a yet-to-be-established genotypic-phenotypic correlation. Two patients from a consanguineous Lebanese family that presented with SOS were included in this study. Whole exome sequencing revealed a novel homozygous nonsense mutation in XYLT2 (p.Tyr414*) in these patients. We review all previously reported cases with SOS, describe the second nonsense mutation in XYLT2, and contribute to a better delineation of the phenotypic spectrum of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliane Chouery
- Department of Human Genetics, Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos P.O. Box 13-5053, Lebanon
| | - Rim Karam
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos P.O. Box 13-5053, Lebanon
| | - Yves Najm Mrad
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos P.O. Box 13-5053, Lebanon
| | - Cybel Mehawej
- Department of Human Genetics, Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos P.O. Box 13-5053, Lebanon
| | - Nahia Dib El Jalbout
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lebanese American University Medical Center, Rizk Hospital, Beirut P.O. Box 13-5053, Lebanon
| | - Jamal Bleik
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lebanese American University Medical Center, Rizk Hospital, Beirut P.O. Box 13-5053, Lebanon
| | - Daniel Mahfoud
- Department of Radiology, Gilbert and Rose-Marie Ghagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos P.O. Box 13-5053, Lebanon
| | - Andre Megarbane
- Department of Human Genetics, Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos P.O. Box 13-5053, Lebanon
- Institut Jérôme Lejeune, 75015 Paris, France
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2
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Rajabi F, Bereshneh AH, Ramezanzadeh M, Garshasbi M. Novel compound heterozygous variants in XYLT1 gene caused Desbuquois dysplasia type 2 in an aborted fetus: a case report. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:63. [PMID: 35081921 PMCID: PMC8790879 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03132-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Desbuquois dysplasia type 2 (DBQD2) is an infrequent dysplasia with a wide range of symptoms, including facial deformities, growth retardation and short long bones. It is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the XYLT1 gene that encodes xylosyltransferase-1. Case presentation We studied an aborted fetus from Iranian non-consanguineous parents who was therapeutically aborted at 19 weeks of gestation. Ultrasound examinations at 18 weeks of gestation revealed growth retardation in her long bones and some facial problems. Whole-exome sequencing was performed on the aborted fetus which revealed compound heterozygous XYLT1 mutations: c.742G>A; p.(Glu248Lys) and c.1537 C>A; p.(Leu513Met). Sanger sequencing and segregation analysis confirmed the compound heterozygosity of these variants in XYLT1. Conclusion The c.1537 C>A; p.(Leu513Met) variant has not been reported in any databases so far and therefore is novel. This is the third compound heterozygote report in XYLT1 and further supports the high heterogeneity of this disease. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12887-022-03132-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rajabi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Hosseini Bereshneh
- Prenatal Diagnosis and Genetic Research Center, Dastgheib Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Ramezanzadeh
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Masoud Garshasbi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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3
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Wang Z, Huang Y, Chu F, Liao K, Cui Z, Chen J, Tang S. Integrated Analysis of DNA methylation and transcriptome profile to identify key features of age-related macular degeneration. Bioengineered 2021; 12:7061-7078. [PMID: 34569899 PMCID: PMC8806579 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1976502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common vision-threatening disease. The current study sought to integrate DNA methylation with transcriptome profile to explore key features in AMD. Gene expression data were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO, accession ID: GSE135092) and DNA methylation data were obtained from the ArrayExpress repository (E-MTAB-7183). A total of 456 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 4827 intragenic differentially methylated CpGs (DMCs) were identified between AMD and controls. DEGs and DMCs were intersected and 19 epigenetically induced (EI) genes and 15 epigenetically suppressed (ES) genes were identified. Immune cell infiltration analysis was performed to estimate the abundance of different types of immune cell in each sample. Enrichment scores of inflammatory response and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) signaling via nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κb) were positively correlated with abundance of activated memory CD4 T cells and M1 macrophages. Subsequently, two significant random forest classifiers were constructed based on DNA methylation and transcriptome data. SMAD2 and NGFR were selected as key genes through functional epigenetic modules (FEM) analysis. Expression level of SMAD2, NGFR and their integrating proteins was validated in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and TNFα co-treated retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in vitro. The findings of the current study showed that local inflammation and systemic inflammatory host response play key roles in pathogenesis of AMD. SMAD2 and NGFR provide new insight in understanding the molecular mechanism and are potential therapeutic targets for development of AMD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Wang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Yinhua Huang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, China
| | - Feixue Chu
- Hangzhou Xihu Zhijiang Eye Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Liao
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, China
| | | | - Jiansu Chen
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Ophthalmology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shibo Tang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Aier Eye Institute, Changsha, China.,Cas Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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4
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Mizumoto S, Yamada S. Congenital Disorders of Deficiency in Glycosaminoglycan Biosynthesis. Front Genet 2021; 12:717535. [PMID: 34539746 PMCID: PMC8446454 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.717535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) including chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, and heparan sulfate are covalently attached to specific core proteins to form proteoglycans, which are distributed at the cell surface as well as in the extracellular matrix. Proteoglycans and GAGs have been demonstrated to exhibit a variety of physiological functions such as construction of the extracellular matrix, tissue development, and cell signaling through interactions with extracellular matrix components, morphogens, cytokines, and growth factors. Not only connective tissue disorders including skeletal dysplasia, chondrodysplasia, multiple exostoses, and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, but also heart and kidney defects, immune deficiencies, and neurological abnormalities have been shown to be caused by defects in GAGs as well as core proteins of proteoglycans. These findings indicate that GAGs and proteoglycans are essential for human development in major organs. The glycobiological aspects of congenital disorders caused by defects in GAG-biosynthetic enzymes including specific glysocyltransferases, epimerases, and sulfotransferases, in addition to core proteins of proteoglycans will be comprehensively discussed based on the literature to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Mizumoto
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shuhei Yamada
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
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Dubail J, Cormier-Daire V. Chondrodysplasias With Multiple Dislocations Caused by Defects in Glycosaminoglycan Synthesis. Front Genet 2021; 12:642097. [PMID: 34220933 PMCID: PMC8242584 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.642097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrodysplasias with multiple dislocations form a group of severe disorders characterized by joint laxity and multiple dislocations, severe short stature of pre- and post-natal onset, hand anomalies, and/or vertebral anomalies. The majority of chondrodysplasias with multiple dislocations have been associated with mutations in genes encoding glycosyltransferases, sulfotransferases, and transporters implicated in the synthesis or sulfation of glycosaminoglycans, long and unbranched polysaccharides composed of repeated disaccharide bond to protein core of proteoglycan. Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis is a tightly regulated process that occurs mainly in the Golgi and that requires the coordinated action of numerous enzymes and transporters as well as an adequate Golgi environment. Any disturbances of this chain of reactions will lead to the incapacity of a cell to construct correct glycanic chains. This review focuses on genetic and glycobiological studies of chondrodysplasias with multiple dislocations associated with glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis defects and related animal models. Strong comprehension of the molecular mechanisms leading to those disorders, mostly through extensive phenotypic analyses of in vitro and/or in vivo models, is essential for the development of novel biomarkers for clinical screenings and innovative therapeutics for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanne Dubail
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Cormier-Daire
- Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1163, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre de Référence Pour Les Maladies Osseuses Constitutionnelles, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
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6
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Wang HD, Guo LJ, Feng ZQ, Zhang DW, Zhang MT, Gao Y, Chen CL, Zhu BF. Cloning, expression and enzyme activity delineation of two novel CANT1 mutations: the disappearance of dimerization may indicate the change of protein conformation and even function. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2020; 15:240. [PMID: 32907608 PMCID: PMC7487677 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-020-01492-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Desbuquois dysplasia (DBQD) was a rare autosomal recessive skeletal dysplasia. Calcium activated nucleotidase 1 (CANT1) mutation was identified as a common pathogenic change for DBQD type 1 and Kim variant but not for DBQD type 2. To our knowledge, all patients with DBQD type 1 currently found could be explained by mutations in the CANT1 gene, but mutations in the CANT1 gene might not be directly diagnosed as DBQD type 1. Results We have identified two novel CANT1 mutations (mut1: c.594G > A [p.Trp198*], mut2: c.734C > T [p.Pro245Leu]) in three children from a family of Chinese origin for the first time. Two of the three children could be diagnosed as typical DBQD type 1 and one child could not be diagnosed as DBQD type 1 based on the clinical data we had. To further clarify the effect of the two mutations of the CANT1 gene, we studied the CANT1 gene expression and detected the protein secretion and nucleotide enzyme activity through cDNA cloning and expression vectors construction for wild and mutant types. The mut1 was a nonsense mutation which could lead to premature termination and produced the truncated bodies; The CANT1 dimer of mut2 was significantly reduced and even undetectable. The extracellular secretion of mut1 was extremely high while mut2 was significantly reduced compared with the wild type. And mut1 and mut2 also could result in a significant reduction in the activity of CANT1 nucleotidease. From the results we could deduce that the two mutations of the CANT1 gene were the causes of the two cases in this study. Conclusions Regarding the particularity of the cases reported in this study, the pathogenesis of CANT1 might be more complicated. The genetic and phenotype of three children with the same genetic background need to be further studied. Larger cohort of patients was needed to establish genotype–phenotype correlations in DBQD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Dan Wang
- Medical Genetic Institute of Henan Province, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, People's Republic of China. .,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention, Henan Key Laboratory of Population Defects Prevention, Henan Institute of Reproduction Health Science and Technology, Zhengzhou, 450014, People's Republic of China. .,Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China. .,College of Forensic Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liang-Jie Guo
- Medical Genetic Institute of Henan Province, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan-Qi Feng
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, 450004, People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Wei Zhang
- Zhengzhou Orthopaedic Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Ting Zhang
- Medical Genetic Institute of Henan Province, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Gao
- Medical Genetic Institute of Henan Province, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan-Liang Chen
- Medical Genetic Institute of Henan Province, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo-Feng Zhu
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, People's Republic of China. .,College of Forensic Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Kodama K, Takahashi H, Oiji N, Nakano K, Okamura T, Niimi K, Takahashi E, Guo L, Ikegawa S, Furuichi T. CANT1 deficiency in a mouse model of Desbuquois dysplasia impairs glycosaminoglycan synthesis and chondrocyte differentiation in growth plate cartilage. FEBS Open Bio 2020; 10:1096-1103. [PMID: 32277574 PMCID: PMC7262921 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Desbuquois dysplasia (DD) type 1 is a rare skeletal dysplasia characterized by a short stature, round face, progressive scoliosis, and joint laxity. The causative gene has been identified as calcium‐activated nucleotidase 1 (CANT1), which encodes a nucleotidase that preferentially hydrolyzes UDP to UMP and phosphate. In this study, we generated Cant1 KO mice using CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated genome editing. All F0 mice possessing frameshift deletions at both Cant1 alleles exhibited a dwarf phenotype. Germline transmission of the edited allele was confirmed in an F0 heterozygous mouse, and KO mice were generated by crossing of the heterozygous breeding pairs. Cant1 KO mice exhibited skeletal defects, including short stature, thoracic kyphosis, and delta phalanx, all of which are observed in DD type 1 patients. The glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content and extracellular matrix space were reduced in the growth plate cartilage of mutants, and proliferating chondrocytes lost their typical flat shape and became round. Chondrocyte differentiation, especially terminal differentiation to hypertrophic chondrocytes, was impaired in Cant1 KO mice. These findings indicate that CANT1 is involved in the synthesis of GAG and regulation of chondrocyte differentiation in the cartilage and contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of DD type 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Kodama
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, Co-Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Takahashi
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, Co-Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Nobuyasu Oiji
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, Co-Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Kenta Nakano
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM), Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Japan
| | - Tadashi Okamura
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM), Tokyo, Japan.,Section of Animal Models, Department of Infectious Diseases, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kimie Niimi
- Support Unit for Animal Resources Development, Research Resources Division, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Eiki Takahashi
- Support Unit for Animal Resources Development, Research Resources Division, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Long Guo
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiro Ikegawa
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Furuichi
- Laboratory of Laboratory Animal Science and Medicine, Co-Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan.,Department of Basic Veterinary Science, United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Gifu University, Japan
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8
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Matsuda M, Yamanaka Y, Uemura M, Osawa M, Saito MK, Nagahashi A, Nishio M, Guo L, Ikegawa S, Sakurai S, Kihara S, Maurissen TL, Nakamura M, Matsumoto T, Yoshitomi H, Ikeya M, Kawakami N, Yamamoto T, Woltjen K, Ebisuya M, Toguchida J, Alev C. Recapitulating the human segmentation clock with pluripotent stem cells. Nature 2020; 580:124-129. [PMID: 32238941 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2144-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells are increasingly used to model different aspects of embryogenesis and organ formation1. Despite recent advances in in vitro induction of major mesodermal lineages and cell types2,3, experimental model systems that can recapitulate more complex features of human mesoderm development and patterning are largely missing. Here we used induced pluripotent stem cells for the stepwise in vitro induction of presomitic mesoderm and its derivatives to model distinct aspects of human somitogenesis. We focused initially on modelling the human segmentation clock, a major biological concept believed to underlie the rhythmic and controlled emergence of somites, which give rise to the segmental pattern of the vertebrate axial skeleton. We observed oscillatory expression of core segmentation clock genes, including HES7 and DKK1, determined the period of the human segmentation clock to be around five hours, and demonstrated the presence of dynamic travelling-wave-like gene expression in in vitro-induced human presomitic mesoderm. Furthermore, we identified and compared oscillatory genes in human and mouse presomitic mesoderm derived from pluripotent stem cells, which revealed species-specific and shared molecular components and pathways associated with the putative mouse and human segmentation clocks. Using CRISPR-Cas9-based genome editing technology, we then targeted genes for which mutations in patients with segmentation defects of the vertebrae, such as spondylocostal dysostosis, have been reported (HES7, LFNG, DLL3 and MESP2). Subsequent analysis of patient-like and patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells revealed gene-specific alterations in oscillation, synchronization or differentiation properties. Our findings provide insights into the human segmentation clock as well as diseases associated with human axial skeletogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Matsuda
- Laboratory for Reconstitutive Developmental Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (RIKEN BDR), Kobe, Japan.,European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yoshihiro Yamanaka
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Maya Uemura
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mitsujiro Osawa
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Megumu K Saito
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ayako Nagahashi
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Megumi Nishio
- Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Long Guo
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (RIKEN IMS), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiro Ikegawa
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (RIKEN IMS), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoko Sakurai
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kihara
- Department of Fundamental Cell Technology, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Thomas L Maurissen
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Michiko Nakamura
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoko Matsumoto
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yoshitomi
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Ikeya
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Noriaki Kawakami
- Department of Orthopedics and Spine Surgery, Meijo Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,AMED-CREST, AMED 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyodaku, Tokyo, Japan.,Medical-Risk Avoidance Based on iPS Cells Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project (AIP), Kyoto, Japan
| | - Knut Woltjen
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Miki Ebisuya
- Laboratory for Reconstitutive Developmental Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (RIKEN BDR), Kobe, Japan. .,European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Junya Toguchida
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Cantas Alev
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. .,Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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9
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Caraffi SG, Maini I, Ivanovski I, Pollazzon M, Giangiobbe S, Valli M, Rossi A, Sassi S, Faccioli S, Rocco MD, Magnani C, Campos-Xavier B, Unger S, Superti-Furga A, Garavelli L. Severe Peripheral Joint Laxity is a Distinctive Clinical Feature of Spondylodysplastic-Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS)- B4GALT7 and Spondylodysplastic-EDS- B3GALT6. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10100799. [PMID: 31614862 PMCID: PMC6826576 DOI: 10.3390/genes10100799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Variations in genes encoding for the enzymes responsible for synthesizing the linker region of proteoglycans may result in recessive conditions known as "linkeropathies". The two phenotypes related to mutations in genes B4GALT7 and B3GALT6 (encoding for galactosyltransferase I and II respectively) are similar, characterized by short stature, hypotonia, joint hypermobility, skeletal features and a suggestive face with prominent forehead, thin soft tissue and prominent eyes. The most outstanding feature of these disorders is the combination of severe connective tissue involvement, often manifesting in newborns and infants, and skeletal dysplasia that becomes apparent during childhood. Here, we intend to more accurately define some of the clinical features of B4GALT7 and B3GALT6-related conditions and underline the extreme hypermobility of distal joints and the soft, doughy skin on the hands and feet as features that may be useful as the first clues for a correct diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Giuseppe Caraffi
- Medical Genetics Unit, Maternal and Child Health Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS of Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Ilenia Maini
- Medical Genetics Unit, Maternal and Child Health Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS of Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Azienda USL of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy.
| | - Ivan Ivanovski
- Medical Genetics Unit, Maternal and Child Health Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS of Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with interest in Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42121 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Marzia Pollazzon
- Medical Genetics Unit, Maternal and Child Health Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS of Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Sara Giangiobbe
- Medical Genetics Unit, Maternal and Child Health Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS of Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Maurizia Valli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Antonio Rossi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Silvia Sassi
- Rehabilitation Pediatric Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Silvia Faccioli
- Rehabilitation Pediatric Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS of Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Maja Di Rocco
- Department of Pediatrics, Unit of Rare Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Magnani
- Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Maternal and Child Department, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy.
| | - Belinda Campos-Xavier
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Sheila Unger
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Andrea Superti-Furga
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Livia Garavelli
- Medical Genetics Unit, Maternal and Child Health Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS of Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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10
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Further Defining the Phenotypic Spectrum of B3GAT3 Mutations and Literature Review on Linkeropathy Syndromes. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10090631. [PMID: 31438591 PMCID: PMC6770791 DOI: 10.3390/genes10090631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The term linkeropathies (LKs) refers to a group of rare heritable connective tissue disorders, characterized by a variable degree of short stature, skeletal dysplasia, joint laxity, cutaneous anomalies, dysmorphism, heart malformation, and developmental delay. The LK genes encode for enzymes that add glycosaminoglycan chains onto proteoglycans via a common tetrasaccharide linker region. Biallelic variants in XYLT1 and XYLT2, encoding xylosyltransferases, are associated with Desbuquois dysplasia type 2 and spondylo-ocular syndrome, respectively. Defects in B4GALT7 and B3GALT6, encoding galactosyltransferases, lead to spondylodysplastic Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (spEDS). Mutations in B3GAT3, encoding a glucuronyltransferase, were described in 25 patients from 12 families with variable phenotypes resembling Larsen, Antley-Bixler, Shprintzen-Goldberg, and Geroderma osteodysplastica syndromes. Herein, we report on a 13-year-old girl with a clinical presentation suggestive of spEDS, according to the 2017 EDS nosology, in whom compound heterozygosity for two B3GAT3 likely pathogenic variants was identified. We review the spectrum of B3GAT3-related disorders and provide a comparison of all LK patients reported up to now, highlighting that LKs are a phenotypic continuum bridging EDS and skeletal disorders, hence offering future nosologic perspectives.
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11
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Paganini C, Costantini R, Superti-Furga A, Rossi A. Bone and connective tissue disorders caused by defects in glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis: a panoramic view. FEBS J 2019; 286:3008-3032. [PMID: 31286677 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a heterogeneous family of linear polysaccharides that constitute the carbohydrate moiety covalently attached to the protein core of proteoglycans, macromolecules present on the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix. Several genetic disorders of bone and connective tissue are caused by mutations in genes encoding for glycosyltransferases, sulfotransferases and transporters that are responsible for the synthesis of sulfated GAGs. Phenotypically, these disorders all reflect alterations in crucial biological functions of GAGs in the development, growth and homoeostasis of cartilage and bone. To date, up to 27 different skeletal phenotypes have been linked to mutations in 23 genes encoding for proteins involved in GAG biosynthesis. This review focuses on recent genetic, molecular and biochemical studies of bone and connective tissue disorders caused by GAG synthesis defects. These insights and future research in the field will provide a deeper understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of these disorders and will pave the way for developing common therapeutic strategies that might be targeted to a range of individual phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Paganini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Rossella Costantini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Superti-Furga
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Rossi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, Italy
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12
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Colman M, Van Damme T, Steichen-Gersdorf E, Laccone F, Nampoothiri S, Syx D, Guillemyn B, Symoens S, Malfait F. The clinical and mutational spectrum of B3GAT3 linkeropathy: two case reports and literature review. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2019; 14:138. [PMID: 31196143 PMCID: PMC6567438 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-019-1110-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Proteoglycans are large and structurally complex macromolecules which can be found in abundancy in the extracellular matrix and on the surface of all animal cells. Mutations in the genes encoding the enzymes responsible for the formation of the tetrasaccharide linker region between the proteoglycan core protein and the glycosaminoglycan side chains lead to a spectrum of severe and overlapping autosomal recessive connective tissue disorders, collectively coined the ‘glycosaminoglycan linkeropathies’. Results We report the clinical findings of two novel patients with a complex linkeropathy due to biallelic mutations in B3GAT3, the gene that encodes glucuronosyltransferase I, which catalyzes the addition of the ultimate saccharide to the linker region. We identified a previously reported c.667G > A missense mutation and an unreported homozygous c.416C > T missense mutation. We also performed a genotype and phenotype-oriented literature overview of all hitherto reported patients harbouring B3GAT3 mutations. A total of 23 patients from 10 families harbouring bi-allelic mutations and one patient with a heterozygeous splice-site mutation in B3GAT3 have been reported. They all display a complex phenotype characterized by consistent presence of skeletal dysplasia (including short stature, kyphosis, scoliosis and deformity of the long bones), facial dysmorphology, and spatulate distal phalanges. More variably present are cardiac defects, joint hypermobility, joint dislocations/contractures and fractures. Seven different B3GAT3 mutations have been reported, and although the number of patients is still limited, some phenotype-genotype correlations start to emerge. The more severe phenotypes seem to have mutations located in the substrate acceptor subdomain of the catalytic domain of the glucuronosyltransferase I protein while more mildly affected phenotypes seem to have mutations in the NTP-sugar donor substrate binding subdomain. Conclusions Loss-of-function mutations in B3GAT3 are associated with a complex connective tissue phenotype characterized by disproportionate short stature, skeletal dysplasia, facial dysmorphism, spatulate distal phalanges and -to a lesser extent- joint contractures, joint hypermobility with dislocations, cardiac defects and bone fragility. Based on the limited number of reported patients, some genotype-phenotype correlations start to emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlies Colman
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, 0K5, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tim Van Damme
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, 0K5, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | - Sheela Nampoothiri
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Kerala, India
| | - Delfien Syx
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, 0K5, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Brecht Guillemyn
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, 0K5, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sofie Symoens
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, 0K5, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fransiska Malfait
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, 0K5, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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13
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Van Damme T, Pang X, Guillemyn B, Gulberti S, Syx D, De Rycke R, Kaye O, de Die-Smulders CEM, Pfundt R, Kariminejad A, Nampoothiri S, Pierquin G, Bulk S, Larson AA, Chatfield KC, Simon M, Legrand A, Gerard M, Symoens S, Fournel-Gigleux S, Malfait F. Biallelic B3GALT6 mutations cause spondylodysplastic Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:3475-3487. [PMID: 29931299 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteoglycans are among the most abundant and structurally complex biomacromolecules and play critical roles in connective tissues. They are composed of a core protein onto which glycosaminoglycan (GAG) side chains are attached via a linker region. Biallelic mutations in B3GALT6, encoding one of the linker region glycosyltransferases, are known to cause either spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia (SEMD) or a severe pleiotropic form of Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS). This study provides clinical, molecular and biochemical data on 12 patients with biallelic B3GALT6 mutations. Notably, all patients have features of both EDS and SEMD. In addition, some patients have severe and potential life-threatening complications such as aortic dilatation and aneurysm, cervical spine instability and respiratory insufficiency. Whole-exome sequencing, next generation panel sequencing and direct sequencing identified biallelic B3GALT6 mutations in all patients. We show that these mutations reduce the amount of β3GalT6 protein and lead to a complete loss of galactosyltransferase activity. In turn, this leads to deficient GAG synthesis, and ultrastructural abnormalities in collagen fibril organization. In conclusion, this study redefines the phenotype associated with B3GALT6 mutations on the basis of clinical, molecular and biochemical data in 12 patients, and provides an in-depth assessment of β3GalT6 activity and GAG synthesis to better understand this rare condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Van Damme
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Xiaomeng Pang
- MolCelTEG Team, UMR 7365 CNRS - Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Brecht Guillemyn
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Gulberti
- MolCelTEG Team, UMR 7365 CNRS - Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Delfien Syx
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Riet De Rycke
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology and Expertise Centre for Transmission Electron Microscopy, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Center for Inflammation Research and BioImaging Core, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Olivier Kaye
- Centre de Rhumatologie, CHR de la Citadelle, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Rolph Pfundt
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Sheela Nampoothiri
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Cochin, Kerala, India
| | | | - Saskia Bulk
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Austin A Larson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children's Hospital of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kathryn C Chatfield
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children's Hospital of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Marleen Simon
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Anne Legrand
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Vasculaires Rares, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.,Paris Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire-PARCC, INSERM U970-Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Marion Gerard
- Service de Génétique Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Sofie Symoens
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Fransiska Malfait
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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14
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LaCroix AJ, Stabley D, Sahraoui R, Adam MP, Mehaffey M, Kernan K, Myers CT, Fagerstrom C, Anadiotis G, Akkari YM, Robbins KM, Gripp KW, Baratela WAR, Bober MB, Duker AL, Doherty D, Dempsey JC, Miller DG, Kircher M, Bamshad MJ, Nickerson DA, Mefford HC, Sol-Church K. GGC Repeat Expansion and Exon 1 Methylation of XYLT1 Is a Common Pathogenic Variant in Baratela-Scott Syndrome. Am J Hum Genet 2019; 104:35-44. [PMID: 30554721 PMCID: PMC6323552 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Baratela-Scott syndrome (BSS) is a rare, autosomal-recessive disorder characterized by short stature, facial dysmorphisms, developmental delay, and skeletal dysplasia caused by pathogenic variants in XYLT1. We report clinical and molecular investigation of 10 families (12 individuals) with BSS. Standard sequencing methods identified biallelic pathogenic variants in XYLT1 in only two families. Of the remaining cohort, two probands had no variants and six probands had only a single variant, including four with a heterozygous 3.1 Mb 16p13 deletion encompassing XYLT1 and two with a heterozygous truncating variant. Bisulfite sequencing revealed aberrant hypermethylation in exon 1 of XYLT1, always in trans with the sequence variant or deletion when present; both alleles were methylated in those with no identified variant. Expression of the methylated XYLT1 allele was severely reduced in fibroblasts from two probands. Southern blot studies combined with repeat expansion analysis of genome sequence data showed that the hypermethylation is associated with expansion of a GGC repeat in the XYLT1 promoter region that is not present in the reference genome, confirming that BSS is a trinucleotide repeat expansion disorder. The hypermethylated allele accounts for 50% of disease alleles in our cohort and is not present in 130 control subjects. Our study highlights the importance of investigating non-sequence-based alterations, including epigenetic changes, to identify the missing heritability in genetic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy J LaCroix
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Deborah Stabley
- Nemours Biomedical Research Department, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Rebecca Sahraoui
- Nemours Biomedical Research Department, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA; Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Margaret P Adam
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Michele Mehaffey
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Kelly Kernan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Katherine M Robbins
- Nemours Biomedical Research Department, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Karen W Gripp
- Nemours Biomedical Research Department, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Wagner A R Baratela
- Division of Orthogenetics, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA; Instituto da Criança, Departamento de Pediatria, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Michael B Bober
- Division of Orthogenetics, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Angela L Duker
- Division of Orthogenetics, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Dan Doherty
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jennifer C Dempsey
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Daniel G Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Martin Kircher
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Michael J Bamshad
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Deborah A Nickerson
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Heather C Mefford
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetic Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Katia Sol-Church
- Nemours Biomedical Research Department, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
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15
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Mizumoto S. Defects in Biosynthesis of Glycosaminoglycans Cause Hereditary Bone, Skin, Heart, Immune, and Neurological Disorders. TRENDS GLYCOSCI GLYC 2018. [DOI: 10.4052/tigg.1812.2j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Mizumoto
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University
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16
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Dysosteosclerosis is also caused by TNFRSF11A mutation. J Hum Genet 2018; 63:769-774. [DOI: 10.1038/s10038-018-0447-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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17
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Guo L, Elcioglu NH, Wang Z, Demirkol YK, Isguven P, Matsumoto N, Nishimura G, Miyake N, Ikegawa S. Novel and recurrent COL11A1 and COL2A1 mutations in the Marshall-Stickler syndrome spectrum. Hum Genome Var 2017; 4:17040. [PMID: 28983407 PMCID: PMC5628180 DOI: 10.1038/hgv.2017.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Marshall–Stickler syndrome represents a spectrum of inherited connective tissue disorders affecting the ocular, auditory, and skeletal systems. The syndrome is caused by mutations in the COL2A1, COL11A1, COL11A2, COL9A1, and COL9A2 genes. In this study, we examined four Turkish families with Marshall–Stickler syndrome using whole-exome sequencing and identified one COL2A1 mutation and three COL11A1 mutations. Two of the COL11A1 mutations were novel. Our findings expand our knowledge of the COL11A1 mutational spectrum that causes Marshall–Stickler syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Guo
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nursel H Elcioglu
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Marmara University Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey.,Eastern Mediterranean University Medical School, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Zheng Wang
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yasemin K Demirkol
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Marmara University Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pinar Isguven
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Sakarya University Medical School, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Naomichi Matsumoto
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Gen Nishimura
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pediatric Imaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Fuchu, Japan
| | - Noriko Miyake
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shiro Ikegawa
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Abstract
Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are one group among the disorders of glycosylation. The latter comprise defects associated with hypoglycosylation but also defects with hyperglycosylation. Genetic diseases with hypoglycosylation can be divided in primary congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) and in genetic diseases causing secondary hypoglycosylation. This review covers the human CDG highlights from the last 3 years (2014-2016) following a summary of the actual status of CDG. It expands on 23 novel CDG namely defects in SLC39A8, CAD, NANS, PGM3, SSR4, POGLUT1, NUS1, GANAB, PIGY, PIGW, PIGC, PIGG, PGAP1, PGAP3, VPS13B, CCDC115, TMEM199, ATP6AP1, ATP6V1A, ATP6V1E1, TRAPPC11, XYLT1 and XYLT2. Besides, it discusses novel phenotypes of known CDG (DHDDS-CDG, ALG9-CDG, EXT2-CDG, PIGA-CDG, PIGN-CDG), the elucidation of putative glycosyltransferase disorders as O-mannosylglycan synthesis disorders (TMEM5-CDG, ISPD-CDG, FKTN-CDG, FKRP-CDG), a novel CDG mechanism, advances in diagnosis, pathogenesis, treatment and finally an updated list of the 104 known CDG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaak Jaeken
- Center for Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, BE 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Romain Péanne
- Department of Human Genetics, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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19
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Guo L, Elcioglu NH, Mizumoto S, Wang Z, Noyan B, Albayrak HM, Yamada S, Matsumoto N, Miyake N, Nishimura G, Ikegawa S. Identification of biallelic EXTL3 mutations in a novel type of spondylo-epi-metaphyseal dysplasia. J Hum Genet 2017; 62:797-801. [PMID: 28331220 PMCID: PMC5537416 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2017.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Spondylo-epi-metaphyseal dysplasia (SEMD) is a group of inherited skeletal diseases characterized by the anomalies in spine, epiphyses and metaphyses. SEMD is highly heterogeneous and >20 distinct entities have been identified. Here we describe a novel type of SEMD in two unrelated Turkish patients who presented with severe platyspondyly, kyphoscoliosis, pelvic distortion, constriction of the proximal femora and brachydactyly. Although these phenotypes overlap considerably with some known SEMDs, they had a novel causal gene, exostosin-like glycosyltransferase 3 (EXTL3), that encodes a glycosyltransferase involved in the synthesis of heparin and heparan sulfate. The EXTL3 mutation identified in the patients was a homozygous missense mutation (c.953C>T) that caused a substitution in a highly conserved amino acid (p.P318L). The enzyme activity of the mutant EXTL3 protein was significantly decreased compared to the wild-type protein. Both patients had spinal cord compression at the cranio-vertebral junction and multiple liver cysts since early infancy. One of the patients showed severe immunodeficiency, which is considered non-fortuitous association. Our findings would help define a novel type of SEMD caused by EXTL3 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Guo
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nursel H Elcioglu
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Marmara University Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey.,Eastern Mediterranean University Medical School, Cyprus, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Shuji Mizumoto
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Zheng Wang
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Bilge Noyan
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Marmara University Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hatice M Albayrak
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Ondokuz Mayis University Medical School, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Shuhei Yamada
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naomichi Matsumoto
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Noriko Miyake
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Gen Nishimura
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pediatric Imaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Fuchu, Japan
| | - Shiro Ikegawa
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
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