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Cerebral, ocular, dental, auricular, skeletal anomalies (CODAS) syndrome: First case reported in Saudi Arabia. Radiol Case Rep 2023; 18:1000-1004. [PMID: 36684615 PMCID: PMC9849938 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2022.11.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CODAS syndrome (cerebral, ocular, dental, auricular, skeletal anomalies) is a rare autosomal recessive inherited multisystemic disease that carries an incidence rate of less than 1 in 1,000,000 children worldwide. It has an infancy, neonatal age of onset, characterized by deformities of the central nervous system, eyes, ears, teeth, and skeleton. A 1-year-old female of non-consanguineous parents, first time presented to our pediatrics clinic on November 6, 2021 when she was 4 months of age with developmental delay, as the patient could not support her head and made no eye contact on examination. Microcephaly was observed. She had a positive family history; her sister died at the age of 3 days with microcephaly and diaphragmatic hernia. We recommend that a wider range of centers to get encouraged to report cases of CODAS they might encounter due to the lack of sufficient amounts if solid literature on the topic. To our knowledge, this is the first case to be reported in the literature from Saudi Arabia.
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2
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Tang Y, Liu YX, Sheng Y, Fan LL, Zhang AQ, Zheng ZF. The first case report of CODAS syndrome in Chinese population caused by two LONP1 pathogenic mutations. Front Genet 2023; 13:1031856. [PMID: 36685982 PMCID: PMC9845248 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1031856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: CODAS syndrome (MIM 600373) is a multi-system developmental disorder characterized by cerebral, ocular, dental, auricular, and skeletal anomalies. CODAS syndrome is rare in the world and no cases have been reported in Chinese population so far. Mutations in the LONP1 gene can contribute to CODAS syndrome, while the underlying molecular mechanisms requires further investigation. Method: We described a Chinese boy who has suffered from cognition impairment, cataracts, caries, abnormal auricle and skeletal anomalies since birth. The patient's parents are non-consanguineous and healthy. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was employed to explore the genetic entity of this family. Results: A compound heterozygous missense mutation (NM_004793: c.2009C>T/p.A670V and c.2014C>T/p.R672C) of LONP1 was identified in the patient. Considering the clinical phenotypes and genetic results, the patient was diagnosed as CODAS syndrome. Conclusion: Here we reported the first case with CODAS syndrome in Chinese population. WES identified a compound heterozygous missense mutation of LONP1 gene in the patients. Our study not only provided data for genetic counseling and clinical diagnosis to this family, but also expanded the clinical spectrum of LONP1-related CODAS syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Afliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Clinical Medicine Research Center of Heart Failure of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu-Xing Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yue Sheng
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liang-Liang Fan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ai-Qian Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China,*Correspondence: Ai-Qian Zhang, ; Zhao-Fen Zheng,
| | - Zhao-Fen Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Afliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Clinical Medicine Research Center of Heart Failure of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China,*Correspondence: Ai-Qian Zhang, ; Zhao-Fen Zheng,
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3
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Pareek G. AAA+ proteases: the first line of defense against mitochondrial damage. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14350. [PMID: 36389399 PMCID: PMC9648348 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play essential cellular roles in Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, calcium homeostasis, and metabolism, but these vital processes have potentially deadly side effects. The production of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the aggregation of misfolded mitochondrial proteins can lead to severe mitochondrial damage and even cell death. The accumulation of mitochondrial damage is strongly implicated in aging and several incurable diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders and cancer. To oppose this, metazoans utilize a variety of quality control strategies, including the degradation of the damaged mitochondrial proteins by the mitochondrial-resident proteases of the ATPase Associated with the diverse cellular Activities (AAA+) family. This mini-review focuses on the quality control mediated by the mitochondrial-resident proteases of the AAA+ family used to combat the accumulation of damaged mitochondria and on how the failure of this mitochondrial quality control contributes to diseases.
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4
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Sheng X, Liu C, Yan G, Li G, Liu J, Yang Y, Li S, Li Z, Zhou J, Zhen X, Zhang Y, Diao Z, Hu Y, Fu C, Yao B, Li C, Cao Y, Lu B, Yang Z, Qin Y, Sun H, Ding L. The mitochondrial protease LONP1 maintains oocyte development and survival by suppressing nuclear translocation of AIFM1 in mammals. EBioMedicine 2022; 75:103790. [PMID: 34974310 PMCID: PMC8733232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oogenesis is a fundamental process of human reproduction, and mitochondria play crucial roles in oocyte competence. Mitochondrial ATP-dependent Lon protease 1 (LONP1) functions as a critical protein in maintaining mitochondrial and cellular homeostasis in somatic cells. However, the essential role of LONP1 in maintaining mammalian oogenesis is far from elucidated. Methods Using conditional oocyte Lonp1-knockout mice, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and coimmunoprecipitation/liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (Co-IP/LC–MS) technology, we analysed the functions of LONP1 in mammalian oogenesis. Findings Conditional knockout of Lonp1 in mouse oocytes in both the primordial and growing follicle stages impairs follicular development and causes progressive oocyte death, ovarian reserve loss, and infertility. LONP1 directly interacts with apoptosis inducing factor mitochondria-associated 1 (AIFM1), and LONP1 ablation leads to the translocation of AIFM1 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, causing apoptosis in mouse oocytes. In addition, women with pathogenic variants of LONP1 lack large antral follicles (>10 mm) in the ovaries, are infertile and present premature ovarian insufficiency. Interpretation We demonstrated the function of LONP1 in regulating oocyte development and survival, and in-depth analysis of LONP1 will be crucial for elucidating the mechanisms underlying premature ovarian insufficiency. Funding This work was supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFC1004701), the National Nature Science Foundation of China (82001629, 81871128, 81571391, 81401166, 82030040), the Jiangsu Province Social Development Project (BE2018602), the Jiangsu Provincial Medical Youth Talent (QNRC2016006), the Youth Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20200116) and Jiangsu Province Postdoctoral Research Funding (2021K277B).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Sheng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China; Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Chuanming Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China; Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Guijun Yan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China; Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Guangyu Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shangdong 250021, China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China; Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Yanjun Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, China
| | - Shiyuan Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China; Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Zhongxun Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China; Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Jidong Zhou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China; Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Xin Zhen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China; Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China; Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Zhenyu Diao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China; Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Yali Hu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China; Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Chuanhai Fu
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Bin Yao
- The Reproductive Medical Center, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China
| | - Chaojun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School of Nanjing University & Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Bin Lu
- Protein Quality Control and Diseases Laboratory, Attardi Institute of Mitochondrial Biomedicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Zhongzhou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Yingying Qin
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shangdong 250021, China.
| | - Haixiang Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China; Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China.
| | - Lijun Ding
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Rd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China; Center for Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China; Clinical Center for Stem Cell Research, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China; State Key Laboratory of Analytic Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China.
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5
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Matsushima Y, Takahashi K, Yue S, Fujiyoshi Y, Yoshioka H, Aihara M, Setoyama D, Uchiumi T, Fukuchi S, Kang D. Mitochondrial Lon protease is a gatekeeper for proteins newly imported into the matrix. Commun Biol 2021; 4:974. [PMID: 34400774 PMCID: PMC8368198 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02498-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Human ATP-dependent Lon protease (LONP1) forms homohexameric, ring-shaped complexes. Depletion of LONP1 causes aggregation of a broad range of proteins in the mitochondrial matrix and decreases the levels of their soluble forms. The ATP hydrolysis activity, but not protease activity, of LONP1 is critical for its chaperone-like anti-aggregation activity. LONP1 forms a complex with the import machinery and an incoming protein, and protein aggregation is linked with matrix protein import. LONP1 also contributes to the degradation of imported, aberrant, unprocessed proteins using its protease activity. Taken together, our results show that LONP1 functions as a gatekeeper for specific proteins imported into the mitochondrial matrix. Yuichi Matsushima et al. revealed that Human ATP-dependent Lon protease (LONP1), a mitochondrial protease with unfolding activity, serves as a gatekeeper for several mitochondrial matrix entering proteins: supporting the folding of required proteins and degrading the aberrant ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Matsushima
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Kazuya Takahashi
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Song Yue
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuki Fujiyoshi
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hideaki Yoshioka
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masamune Aihara
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Daiki Setoyama
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takeshi Uchiumi
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fukuchi
- Department of Life Science and Informatics, Maebashi Institute of Technology, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Dongchon Kang
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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6
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Ma A, Grigg JR, Flaherty M, Smith J, Minoche AE, Cowley MJ, Nash BM, Ho G, Gayagay T, Lai T, Farnsworth E, Hackett EL, Slater K, Wong K, Holman KJ, Jenkins G, Cheng A, Martin F, Brown NJ, Leighton SE, Amor DJ, Goel H, Dinger ME, Bennetts B, Jamieson RV. Genome sequencing in congenital cataracts improves diagnostic yield. Hum Mutat 2021; 42:1173-1183. [PMID: 34101287 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Congenital cataracts are one of the major causes of childhood-onset blindness around the world. Genetic diagnosis provides benefits through avoidance of unnecessary tests, surveillance of extraocular features, and genetic family information. In this study, we demonstrate the value of genome sequencing in improving diagnostic yield in congenital cataract patients and families. We applied genome sequencing to investigate 20 probands with congenital cataracts. We examined the added value of genome sequencing across a total cohort of 52 probands, including 14 unable to be diagnosed using previous microarray and exome or panel-based approaches. Although exome or genome sequencing would have detected the variants in 35/52 (67%) of the cases, specific advantages of genome sequencing led to additional diagnoses in 10% (5/52) of the overall cohort, and we achieved an overall diagnostic rate of 77% (40/52). Specific benefits of genome sequencing were due to detection of small copy number variants (2), indels in repetitive regions (2) or single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) in GC-rich regions (1), not detectable on the previous microarray, exome sequencing, or panel-based approaches. In other cases, SNVs were identified in cataract disease genes, including those newly identified since our previous study. This study highlights the additional yield of genome sequencing in congenital cataracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Ma
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Specialties of Genomic Medicine & Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John R Grigg
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Specialty of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Save Sight Institute, Sydney Eye Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Maree Flaherty
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Specialty of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Specialty of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andre E Minoche
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark J Cowley
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Benjamin M Nash
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Specialties of Genomic Medicine & Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gladys Ho
- Specialties of Genomic Medicine & Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Thet Gayagay
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tiffany Lai
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Farnsworth
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emma L Hackett
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katrina Slater
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karen Wong
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katherine J Holman
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gemma Jenkins
- Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anson Cheng
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Frank Martin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Specialty of Ophthalmology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Natasha J Brown
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - David J Amor
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Himanshu Goel
- Hunter Genetics, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marcel E Dinger
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bruce Bennetts
- Specialties of Genomic Medicine & Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Genome Diagnostics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robyn V Jamieson
- Eye Genetics Research Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Western Sydney Genetics Program, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Specialties of Genomic Medicine & Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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7
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Shin M, Watson ER, Song AS, Mindrebo JT, Novick SJ, Griffin PR, Wiseman RL, Lander GC. Structures of the human LONP1 protease reveal regulatory steps involved in protease activation. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3239. [PMID: 34050165 PMCID: PMC8163871 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23495-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The human mitochondrial AAA+ protein LONP1 is a critical quality control protease involved in regulating diverse aspects of mitochondrial biology including proteostasis, electron transport chain activity, and mitochondrial transcription. As such, genetic or aging-associated imbalances in LONP1 activity are implicated in pathologic mitochondrial dysfunction associated with numerous human diseases. Despite this importance, the molecular basis for LONP1-dependent proteolytic activity remains poorly defined. Here, we solved cryo-electron microscopy structures of human LONP1 to reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms governing substrate proteolysis. We show that, like bacterial Lon, human LONP1 adopts both an open and closed spiral staircase orientation dictated by the presence of substrate and nucleotide. Unlike bacterial Lon, human LONP1 contains a second spiral staircase within its ATPase domain that engages substrate as it is translocated toward the proteolytic chamber. Intriguingly, and in contrast to its bacterial ortholog, substrate binding within the central ATPase channel of LONP1 alone is insufficient to induce the activated conformation of the protease domains. To successfully induce the active protease conformation in substrate-bound LONP1, substrate binding within the protease active site is necessary, which we demonstrate by adding bortezomib, a peptidomimetic active site inhibitor of LONP1. These results suggest LONP1 can decouple ATPase and protease activities depending on whether AAA+ or both AAA+ and protease domains bind substrate. Importantly, our structures provide a molecular framework to define the critical importance of LONP1 in regulating mitochondrial proteostasis in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Shin
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Edmond R Watson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Albert S Song
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey T Mindrebo
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Scott J Novick
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Patrick R Griffin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - R Luke Wiseman
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Gabriel C Lander
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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8
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Skeletal Phenotypes Due to Abnormalities in Mitochondrial Protein Homeostasis and Import. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218327. [PMID: 33171986 PMCID: PMC7664180 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial disease represents a collection of rare genetic disorders caused by mitochondrial dysfunction. These disorders can be quite complex and heterogeneous, and it is recognized that mitochondrial disease can affect any tissue at any age. The reasons for this variability are not well understood. In this review, we develop and expand a subset of mitochondrial diseases including predominantly skeletal phenotypes. Understanding how impairment ofdiverse mitochondrial functions leads to a skeletal phenotype will help diagnose and treat patients with mitochondrial disease and provide additional insight into the growing list of human pathologies associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. The underlying disease genes encode factors involved in various aspects of mitochondrial protein homeostasis, including proteases and chaperones, mitochondrial protein import machinery, mediators of inner mitochondrial membrane lipid homeostasis, and aminoacylation of mitochondrial tRNAs required for translation. We further discuss a complex of frequently associated phenotypes (short stature, cataracts, and cardiomyopathy) potentially explained by alterations to steroidogenesis, a process regulated by mitochondria. Together, these observations provide novel insight into the consequences of impaired mitochondrial protein homeostasis.
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9
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De Gaetano A, Gibellini L, Bianchini E, Borella R, De Biasi S, Nasi M, Boraldi F, Cossarizza A, Pinti M. Impaired Mitochondrial Morphology and Functionality in Lonp1wt/- Mice. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9061783. [PMID: 32521756 PMCID: PMC7355737 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
LONP1 is a nuclear-encoded mitochondrial protease crucial for organelle homeostasis; mutations of LONP1 have been associated with Cerebral, Ocular, Dental, Auricular, and Skeletal anomalies (CODAS) syndrome. To clarify the role of LONP1 in vivo, we generated a mouse model in which Lonp1 was ablated. The homozygous Lonp−/− mouse was not vital, while the heterozygous Lonp1wt/− showed similar growth rate, weight, length, life-span and histologic features as wild type. Conversely, ultrastructural analysis of heterozygous enterocytes evidenced profound morphological alterations of mitochondria, which appeared increased in number, swollen and larger, with a lower complexity. Embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) from Lonp1wt/− mice showed a reduced expression of Lonp1 and Tfam, whose expression is regulated by LONP1. Mitochondrial DNA was also reduced, and mitochondria were swollen and larger, albeit at a lesser extent than enterocytes, with a perinuclear distribution. From the functional point of view, mitochondria from heterozygous MEF showed a lower oxygen consumption rate in basal conditions, either in the presence of glucose or galactose, and a reduced expression of mitochondrial complexes than wild type. In conclusion, the presence of one functional copy of the Lonp1 gene leads to impairment of mitochondrial ultrastructure and functions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna De Gaetano
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.D.G.); (F.B.)
| | - Lara Gibellini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (L.G.); (R.B.); (S.D.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Elena Bianchini
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (E.B.); (M.N.)
| | - Rebecca Borella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (L.G.); (R.B.); (S.D.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Sara De Biasi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (L.G.); (R.B.); (S.D.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Milena Nasi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (E.B.); (M.N.)
| | - Federica Boraldi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.D.G.); (F.B.)
| | - Andrea Cossarizza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (L.G.); (R.B.); (S.D.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Marcello Pinti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (A.D.G.); (F.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-059-205-5386; Fax: +39-059-205-5426
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10
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Gibellini L, De Gaetano A, Mandrioli M, Van Tongeren E, Bortolotti CA, Cossarizza A, Pinti M. The biology of Lonp1: More than a mitochondrial protease. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 354:1-61. [PMID: 32475470 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Initially discovered as a protease responsible for degradation of misfolded or damaged proteins, the mitochondrial Lon protease (Lonp1) turned out to be a multifaceted enzyme, that displays at least three different functions (proteolysis, chaperone activity, binding of mtDNA) and that finely regulates several cellular processes, within and without mitochondria. Indeed, LONP1 in humans is ubiquitously expressed, and is involved in regulation of response to oxidative stress and, heat shock, in the maintenance of mtDNA, in the regulation of mitophagy. Furthermore, its proteolytic activity can regulate several biochemical pathways occurring totally or partially within mitochondria, such as TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, steroid and heme biosynthesis and glutamine production. Because of these multiple activities, Lon protease is highly conserved throughout evolution, and mutations occurring in its gene determines severe diseases in humans, including a rare syndrome characterized by Cerebral, Ocular, Dental, Auricular and Skeletal anomalies (CODAS). Finally, alterations of LONP1 regulation in humans can favor tumor progression and aggressiveness, further highlighting the crucial role of this enzyme in mitochondrial and cellular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Gibellini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Anna De Gaetano
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Mauro Mandrioli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elia Van Tongeren
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Cossarizza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marcello Pinti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
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11
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Venkatesh S, Suzuki CK. Cell stress management by the mitochondrial LonP1 protease - Insights into mitigating developmental, oncogenic and cardiac stress. Mitochondrion 2019; 51:46-61. [PMID: 31756517 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial LonP1 is an essential stress response protease that mediates mitochondrial proteostasis, metabolism and bioenergetics. Homozygous and compound heterozygous variants in the LONP1 gene encoding the LonP1 protease have recently been shown to cause a diverse spectrum of human pathologies, ranging from classical mitochondrial disease phenotypes, profound neurologic impairment and multi-organ dysfunctions, some of which are uncommon to mitochondrial disorders. In this review, we focus primarily on human LonP1 and discuss findings, which demonstrate its multidimensional roles in maintaining mitochondrial proteostasis and adapting cells to metabolic flux and stress during normal physiology and disease processes. We also discuss emerging roles of LonP1 in responding to developmental, oncogenic and cardiac stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundararajan Venkatesh
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, New Jersey Medical School - Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA.
| | - Carolyn K Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, New Jersey Medical School - Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA.
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12
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Hannah-Shmouni F, MacNeil L, Brady L, Nilsson MI, Tarnopolsky M. Expanding the Clinical Spectrum of LONP1-Related Mitochondrial Cytopathy. Front Neurol 2019; 10:981. [PMID: 31636596 PMCID: PMC6787162 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic variants in the LONP1 gene have been associated with CODAS syndrome (Cerebral, Ocular, Dental, Auricular, and Skeletal Anomalies Syndrome). A recent report identified the first newborn case with LONP1-related mitochondrial cytopathy due to a compound heterozygous pathogenic variant in LONP1 without features of CODAS. The proband had manifested with severe congenital lactic acidosis and profound multiple respiratory chain complex activity deficiencies associated with the quantitative loss of mtDNA copy number in muscle. A subsequent report identified two siblings with regression during infancy, profound hypotonia and muscle weakness, severe intellectual disability, progressive cerebellar atrophy, where muscle biopsy showed an electron dense mitochondrial inclusions without ragged-red fibers and normal electron transport chain enzyme activities. Here, we report an additional case of autosomal recessive mitochondrial cytopathy due to a homozygous missense variant in LONP1 that was identified on whole exome sequencing (c.810G > A; p.D463N). The proband, a 20-year-old male born to consanguineous parents, presented with global developmental delay, emotional outbursts, speech and swallowing difficulties, hypotonia, and ataxia since childhood. Muscle biopsy showed massive granular bodies, increased oxidative stress, and autophagic block and reduced mitochondrial state 3 respiration. We have identified another case of LONP1-related mitochondrial cytopathy further confirming a neurological phenotype without CODAS features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fady Hannah-Shmouni
- Clinical Biochemical Genetics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Section on Endocrinology and Genetics, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Lauren MacNeil
- Division of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lauren Brady
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mats I Nilsson
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mark Tarnopolsky
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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13
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Nimmo GAM, Venkatesh S, Pandey AK, Marshall CR, Hazrati LN, Blaser S, Ahmed S, Cameron J, Singh K, Ray PN, Suzuki CK, Yoon G. Bi-allelic mutations of LONP1 encoding the mitochondrial LonP1 protease cause pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency and profound neurodegeneration with progressive cerebellar atrophy. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 28:290-306. [PMID: 30304514 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
LonP1 is crucial for maintaining mitochondrial proteostasis and mitigating cell stress. We identified a novel homozygous missense LONP1 variant, c.2282 C > T, (p.Pro761Leu), by whole-exome and Sanger sequencing in two siblings born to healthy consanguineous parents. Both siblings presented with stepwise regression during infancy, profound hypotonia and muscle weakness, severe intellectual disability and progressive cerebellar atrophy on brain imaging. Muscle biopsy revealed the absence of ragged-red fibers, however, scattered cytochrome c oxidase-negative staining and electron dense mitochondrial inclusions were observed. Primary cultured fibroblasts from the siblings showed normal levels of mtDNA and mitochondrial transcripts, and normal activities of oxidative phosphorylation complexes I through V. Interestingly, fibroblasts of both siblings showed glucose-repressed oxygen consumption compared to their mother, whereas galactose and palmitic acid utilization were similar. Notably, the siblings' fibroblasts had reduced pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity and elevated intracellular lactate:pyruvate ratios, whereas plasma ratios were normal. We demonstrated that in the siblings' fibroblasts, PDH dysfunction was caused by increased levels of the phosphorylated E1α subunit of PDH, which inhibits enzyme activity. Blocking E1α phosphorylation activated PDH and reduced intracellular lactate concentrations. In addition, overexpressing wild-type LonP1 in the siblings' fibroblasts down-regulated phosphoE1α. Furthermore, in vitro studies demonstrated that purified LonP1-P761L failed to degrade phosphorylated E1α, in contrast to wild-type LonP1. We propose a novel mechanism whereby homozygous expression of the LonP1-P761L variant leads to PDH deficiency and energy metabolism dysfunction, which promotes severe neurologic impairment and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graeme A M Nimmo
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sundararajan Venkatesh
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Genetics, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Ashutosh K Pandey
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Genetics, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Christian R Marshall
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lili-Naz Hazrati
- Division of Neuropathology, The Hospital for Sick Children, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Susan Blaser
- Division of Paediatric Neuroradiology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sohnee Ahmed
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessie Cameron
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kamalendra Singh
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Christopher Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri, USA.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE Sweden
| | - Peter N Ray
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carolyn K Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Genetics, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Grace Yoon
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Neurology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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14
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Peter B, Waddington CL, Oláhová M, Sommerville EW, Hopton S, Pyle A, Champion M, Ohlson M, Siibak T, Chrzanowska-Lightowlers ZMA, Taylor RW, Falkenberg M, Lightowlers RN. Defective mitochondrial protease LonP1 can cause classical mitochondrial disease. Hum Mol Genet 2019. [PMID: 29518248 PMCID: PMC5932559 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
LonP1 is a mitochondrial matrix protease whose selective substrate specificity is essential for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. Recessively inherited, pathogenic defects in LonP1 have been previously reported to underlie cerebral, ocular, dental, auricular and skeletal anomalies (CODAS) syndrome, a complex multisystemic and developmental disorder. Intriguingly, although classical mitochondrial disease presentations are well-known to exhibit marked clinical heterogeneity, the skeletal and dental features associated with CODAS syndrome are pathognomonic. We have applied whole exome sequencing to a patient with congenital lactic acidosis, muscle weakness, profound deficiencies in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation associated with loss of mtDNA copy number and MRI abnormalities consistent with Leigh syndrome, identifying biallelic variants in the LONP1 (NM_004793.3) gene; c.1693T > C predicting p.(Tyr565His) and c.2197G > A predicting p.(Glu733Lys); no evidence of the classical skeletal or dental defects observed in CODAS syndrome patients were noted in our patient. In vitro experiments confirmed the p.(Tyr565His) LonP1 mutant alone could not bind or degrade a substrate, consistent with the predicted function of Tyr565, whilst a second missense [p.(Glu733Lys)] variant had minimal effect. Mixtures of p.(Tyr565His) mutant and wild-type LonP1 retained partial protease activity but this was severely depleted when the p.(Tyr565His) mutant was mixed with the p.(Glu733Lys) mutant, data consistent with the compound heterozygosity detected in our patient. In summary, we conclude that pathogenic LONP1 variants can lead to a classical mitochondrial disease presentations associated with severe biochemical defects in oxidative phosphorylation in clinically relevant tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley Peter
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christie L Waddington
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Monika Oláhová
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ewen W Sommerville
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sila Hopton
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Angela Pyle
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Genetics, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Michael Champion
- Department of Inherited Metabolic Disease, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trusts, Evelina London Children's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Monica Ohlson
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Triinu Siibak
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Robert W Taylor
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Maria Falkenberg
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Robert N Lightowlers
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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15
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Pandey AK, Venkatesh S. Protein quality control at the interface of endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria by Lon protease. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 176:505-507. [PMID: 30536926 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh K Pandey
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Genetics, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Sundararajan Venkatesh
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, and Molecular Genetics, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
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