1
|
Mascheretti S, Riva V, Feng B, Trezzi V, Andreola C, Giorda R, Villa M, Dionne G, Gori S, Marino C, Facoetti A. The Mediation Role of Dynamic Multisensory Processing Using Molecular Genetic Data in Dyslexia. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10120993. [PMID: 33339203 PMCID: PMC7765588 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10120993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although substantial heritability has been reported and candidate genes have been identified, we are far from understanding the etiopathogenetic pathways underlying developmental dyslexia (DD). Reading-related endophenotypes (EPs) have been established. Until now it was unknown whether they mediated the pathway from gene to reading (dis)ability. Thus, in a sample of 223 siblings from nuclear families with DD and 79 unrelated typical readers, we tested four EPs (i.e., rapid auditory processing, rapid automatized naming, multisensory nonspatial attention and visual motion processing) and 20 markers spanning five DD-candidate genes (i.e., DYX1C1, DCDC2, KIAA0319, ROBO1 and GRIN2B) using a multiple-predictor/multiple-mediator framework. Our results show that rapid auditory and visual motion processing are mediators in the pathway from ROBO1-rs9853895 to reading. Specifically, the T/T genotype group predicts impairments in rapid auditory and visual motion processing which, in turn, predict poorer reading skills. Our results suggest that ROBO1 is related to reading via multisensory temporal processing. These findings support the use of EPs as an effective approach to disentangling the complex pathways between candidate genes and behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mascheretti
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy; (S.M.); (V.R.); (V.T.); (C.A.)
| | - Valentina Riva
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy; (S.M.); (V.R.); (V.T.); (C.A.)
| | - Bei Feng
- École de Psychologie, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (B.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Vittoria Trezzi
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy; (S.M.); (V.R.); (V.T.); (C.A.)
| | - Chiara Andreola
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy; (S.M.); (V.R.); (V.T.); (C.A.)
- Laboratoire de Psychologie du Développement et de l’Éducation de l’Enfant (LaPsyDÉ), Universitè de Paris, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Roberto Giorda
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy; (R.G.); (M.V.)
| | - Marco Villa
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy; (R.G.); (M.V.)
| | - Ginette Dionne
- École de Psychologie, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (B.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Simone Gori
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, 24100 Bergamo, Italy;
| | - Cecilia Marino
- Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy; (S.M.); (V.R.); (V.T.); (C.A.)
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1R8, Canada
- The Division of Child and Youth Psychiatry, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON M6J 1H4, Canada
- Correspondence: (C.M.); (A.F.)
| | - Andrea Facoetti
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.M.); (A.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li M, Truong DT, DeMille M, Malins JG, Lovett MW, Bosson-Heenan J, Gruen JR, Frijters JC. Effect of READ1 on latent profiles of reading disorder and comorbid attention and language impairment subtypes. Child Neuropsychol 2020; 26:145-169. [PMID: 31411106 PMCID: PMC8163097 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2019.1648642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies of co-occurring reading disorder (RD) and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and co-occurring RD and language impairment (LI), support a core disability plus co-occurrence model focused on language and attention. Genetic factors have been associated with poor reading performance. However, little is known about whether different genetic variants independently contribute to RD co-occurrence subtypes. We aimed to identify subgroups of struggling readers using a latent profile analysis (LPA) in a sample of 1,432 Hispanic American and African American youth. RD classes were then tested for association with variants of READ1, a regulatory element within the candidate RD risk gene, DCDC2. Six groups were identified in the LPA using RD designation as a known-class variable. The three RD classes identified groups of subjects with neurocognitive profiles representing RD+ADHD, specific phonological deficit RD, and RD+LI. Genetic associations across RD subtypes were investigated against functional groupings of READ1. The RU1-1 group of READ1 alleles was associated with RD cases that were marked by deficits in both processing speed and attention (RD+ADHD). The DCDC2 microdeletion that encompasses READ1 was associated with RD cases showing a phonological deficit RD profile. These findings provide evidence for differential genetic contribution to RD subtypes, and that previously implicated genetic variants for RD may share an underlying genetic architecture across population groups for reading disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Li
- Department of Curriculum and Instruction, College of Education, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dongnhu T. Truong
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mellissa DeMille
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jeffrey G. Malins
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Maureen W. Lovett
- Neurosciences & Mental Health Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario,Canada
| | - Joan Bosson-Heenan
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Gruen
- Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jan C. Frijters
- Department of Child and Youth Studies, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sánchez-Morán M, Hernández JA, Duñabeitia JA, Estévez A, Bárcena L, González-Lahera A, Bajo MT, Fuentes LJ, Aransay AM, Carreiras M. Genetic association study of dyslexia and ADHD candidate genes in a Spanish cohort: Implications of comorbid samples. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206431. [PMID: 30379906 PMCID: PMC6209299 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Dyslexia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are two complex neuro-behaviorally disorders that co-occur more often than expected, so that reading disability has been linked to inattention symptoms. We examined 4 SNPs located on genes previously associated to dyslexia (KIAA0319, DCDC2, DYX1C1 and FOXP2) and 3 SNPs within genes related to ADHD (COMT, MAOA and DBH) in a cohort of Spanish children (N = 2078) that met the criteria of having one, both or none of these disorders (dyslexia and ADHD). We used a case-control approach comparing different groups of samples based on each individual diagnosis. In addition, we also performed a quantitative trait analysis with psychometric measures on the general population (N = 3357). The results indicated that the significance values for some markers change depending on the phenotypic groups compared and/or when considering pair-wise marker interactions. Furthermore, our quantitative trait study showed significant genetic associations with specific cognitive processes. These outcomes advocate the importance of establishing rigorous and homogeneous criteria for the diagnosis of cognitive disorders, as well as the relevance of considering cognitive endophenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirian Sánchez-Morán
- BCBL-Basque Center on Cognition Brain and Language, Donostia-San Sebastian, Gipuzkoa, Spain
- CIC bioGUNE, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | | | - Jon Andoni Duñabeitia
- BCBL-Basque Center on Cognition Brain and Language, Donostia-San Sebastian, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | | | | | | | - María Teresa Bajo
- Research Center for Brain, Mind & Behavior, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Ana M. Aransay
- CIC bioGUNE, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Carreiras
- BCBL-Basque Center on Cognition Brain and Language, Donostia-San Sebastian, Gipuzkoa, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- Universidad del Pais Vasco UPV/EHU, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|