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Drewnowski A. A novel Nutrient Rich Food (NRFa11.3) score uses flavonoids and carotenoids to identify antioxidant-rich spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruit. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1386328. [PMID: 38699550 PMCID: PMC11063353 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1386328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Nutrient profiling (NP) models designed to evaluate the healthfulness of plant-based foods ought to incorporate bioactive phytochemicals. Herbs and spices are one food group of current interest. Methods Two new versions of the well-established Nutrient Rich Food (NRF) index were applied to spices, herbs, vegetables, fruit, and other plant-based foods. Analyses used the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) SR-28 nutrient composition database merged with the USDA Expanded Flavonoid database 3.3. The NRF4.3 model was based on protein, fiber, potassium, and vitamin C. The NRFa11.3 model was based on micronutrients with reported antioxidant activity (vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium, copper, and zinc), carotenoids (alpha and beta carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein/zeaxantin) and flavonoids. Saturated fat, added sugar, and sodium were nutrients to limit. The NRF algorithm was based on sums of percent daily values (%DVs) capped at 100%. Results The NRF4.3 model awarded high scores to herbs and spices, cocoa powder, and nuts, but did not discriminate well among vegetables and fruit. The NRFa11.3 model performed better. Green leafy, red orange and cruciferous vegetables had the highest carotenoid content. Highest in flavonoids were cocoa powder, herbs and spices, and berries. Highest combined NRFa11.3 values were observed for herbs and spices, green leafy vegetables, cocoa, nuts, and red-orange and cruciferous vegetables. Discussion Fresh and dry herbs and spices, often ignored by NP models, were particularly nutrient-rich and may provide non-negligible amounts of key phytonutrients to the human diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Drewnowski
- Center for Public Health Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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Cryoconcentration by Centrifugation–Filtration: A Simultaneous, Efficient and Innovative Method to Increase Thermosensitive Bioactive Compounds of Aqueous Maqui (Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz) Extract. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Maqui (Aristotelia chilensis (Mol.) Stuntz) is a Chilean berry rich in antioxidants, which are mostly found in the pulp and skin of the fruit. The objective was to evaluate the cryoconcentration process by centrifugation–filtration as a simultaneous, efficient, and innovative method to increase the content of thermosensitive bioactive compounds of aqueous maqui extract. Cryoconcentration separated the concentrated solute from the aqueous maqui extract with an efficiency of more than 95%; it increased the content of total polyphenols and total anthocyanins and antioxidant capacity by 280%, 573%, and 226%, respectively. Although the concentrates obtained by evaporation at 50, 70, and 80 °C increased the content of bioactive compounds, they did so in a lower percentage than the cryoconcentrate. Furthermore, cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside was degraded at 70 and 80 °C. In conclusion, cryoconcentration by centrifugation–filtration as a simultaneous process efficiently separates the solutes from the frozen matrix of aqueous maqui extract, and it maintains and increases the contents of polyphenols and anthocyanins and antioxidant capacity. This method is recommended for concentrating natural berry extracts with thermosensitive compounds.
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Mohammadi Z, Abdollahzad H, Rezaeian S, Sabzi F, Tafteh N. The Association of Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity with Inflammatory Biomarkers and Anthropometric Indices in Patients Who Candidate for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: a Cross-sectional Study. Clin Nutr Res 2021; 10:353-363. [PMID: 34796139 PMCID: PMC8575643 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2021.10.4.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant compounds can attenuate inflammation and delay degenerative processes especially in the cardiovascular system. This study aimed to determine the relationship between dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) and serum biomarkers in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. In this cross-sectional study, 146 patients who had referred to Imam Ali Hospital in Kermanshah were recruited and demographic, anthropometric, physical activity and dietary data were collected. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum levels of lipid profile, inflammatory markers (interleukin [IL]-17, intercellular and vascular cell adhesion molecules [ICAM, VCAM]), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were also measured. A regression model adjusted for confounding variables presented that the coefficients of ICAM and VCAM (ng/dL) in the third tertile of DTAC were lower than those in the first tertile (β = -417.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -509.9 to -324.5, p < 0.001; β = -293.2, 95% CI = -334.3, -252.1, p < 0.001, respectively). The β of serum TAC (ng/dL) in the third tertile was 0.86 (95% CI = 0.77, 0.95, p < 0.001) higher than that in the first tertile. DTAC had no statistically significant relationship with lipid profile, FBG, and IL-17 levels, and anthropometric indices. In this study DTAC was associated with increased serum TAC and decreased cell adhesion molecules. Therefore, diet antioxidants may be beneficial in attenuating of inflammation in coronary artery diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Mohammadi
- Student Research Committee, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851351, Iran
| | - Hadi Abdollahzad
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851351, Iran
| | - Shahab Rezaeian
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851351, Iran
| | - Feridoun Sabzi
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851351, Iran
| | - Nazanin Tafteh
- Student Research Committee, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851351, Iran
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Circulating Interleukin-6 Level, Dietary Antioxidant Capacity, and Risk of Colorectal Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8120595. [PMID: 31795177 PMCID: PMC6943549 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8120595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is one of the causes of colorectal cancer (CRC), and circulating levels of inflammatory biomarkers have been linked to tumor promotion and progression. We aimed to evaluate the interleukin-6 (IL-6) level in CRC patients and determine whether a diet rich in antioxidants was associated with CRC. This study included 654 cases and 1312 controls matched for age and sex. We measured the plasma IL-6 concentration and estimated dietary antioxidant capacity based on oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) combined with a 106-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. The IL-6 concentration was significantly increased in individuals with CRC (OR Q4 vs. Q1, 95% CI = 6.23, 4.10-9.45, p < 0.001). High dietary ORAC showed an inverse association with CRC (total ORAC OR Q4 vs. Q1, 95% CI = 0.26, 0.16-0.40, p < 0.001; total phenolics = 0.32, 0.21-0.50, p < 0.001). We found that low dietary ORAC was associated with a significant increase in CRC in the group with elevated IL-6 levels (total ORAC OR Q4 vs. Q1, 95% CI = 4.34, 3.12-6.02, p < 0.001; total phenolics = 4.61, 3.33-6.39, p < 0.001). This study suggested an inverse association between dietary antioxidant capacity and IL-6 level among patients with CRC.
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Guardado Yordi E, Koelig R, Matos MJ, Pérez Martínez A, Caballero Y, Santana L, Pérez Quintana M, Molina E, Uriarte E. Artificial Intelligence Applied to Flavonoid Data in Food Matrices. Foods 2019; 8:E573. [PMID: 31739559 PMCID: PMC6915672 DOI: 10.3390/foods8110573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing interest in constituents and dietary supplements has created the need for more efficient use of this information in nutrition-related fields. The present work aims to obtain optimal models to predict the total antioxidant properties of food matrices, using available information on the amount and class of flavonoids present in vegetables. A new dataset using databases that collect the flavonoid content of selected foods has been created. Structural information was obtained using a structural-topological approach called TOPological Sub-Structural Molecular (TOPSMODE). Different artificial intelligence algorithms were applied, including Machine Learning (ML) methods. The study allowed us to demonstrate the effectiveness of the models using structural-topological characteristics of dietary flavonoids. The proposed models can be considered, without overfitting, effective in predicting new values of Oxygen Radical Absorption capacity (ORAC), except in the Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) algorithm. The best optimal model was obtained by the Random Forest (RF) algorithm. The in silico methodology we developed allows us to confirm the effectiveness of the obtained models, by introducing the new structural-topological attributes, as well as selecting those that most influence the class variable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela Guardado Yordi
- Facultad de Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de Camagüey Ignacio Agramonte Loynaz, Cincunvalación Norte km 5 1/2, 74650 Camagüey, Cuba
- Facultad de Farmacia, Campus vida, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Raúl Koelig
- Facultad de Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de Camagüey Ignacio Agramonte Loynaz, Cincunvalación Norte km 5 1/2, 74650 Camagüey, Cuba
| | - Maria J. Matos
- Facultad de Farmacia, Campus vida, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Amaury Pérez Martínez
- Facultad de Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de Camagüey Ignacio Agramonte Loynaz, Cincunvalación Norte km 5 1/2, 74650 Camagüey, Cuba
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, km 2 ½ vía Puyo a Tena (Paso Lateral), Puyo 032892-118, Ecuador
| | - Yailé Caballero
- Facultad de Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de Camagüey Ignacio Agramonte Loynaz, Cincunvalación Norte km 5 1/2, 74650 Camagüey, Cuba
| | - Lourdes Santana
- Facultad de Farmacia, Campus vida, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Manuel Pérez Quintana
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, km 2 ½ vía Puyo a Tena (Paso Lateral), Puyo 032892-118, Ecuador
| | - Enrique Molina
- Facultad de Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de Camagüey Ignacio Agramonte Loynaz, Cincunvalación Norte km 5 1/2, 74650 Camagüey, Cuba
- Facultad de Farmacia, Campus vida, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Eugenio Uriarte
- Facultad de Farmacia, Campus vida, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 7500912, Chile
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Abbasi M, Daneshpour MS, Hedayati M, Mottaghi A, Pourvali K, Azizi F. Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity and the Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Nested Case-Control Study in the Tehran Lipid Glucose Study. J Ren Nutr 2019; 29:394-398. [PMID: 30709711 DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) has been hypothesized as being involved in health promotion and disease prevention. However, data about the association of the DTAC (as estimated by ferric reducing antioxidant power) with diabetes chronic complications are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the associations between the DTAC and chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk in subjects with type 2 diabetic. METHODS The present case-control study consisted of 210 (102 cases and 108 controls) patients with type 2 diabetic who were participants of the phase 5 Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study and were classified based on their CKD status. DTAC was estimated based on the ferric reducing antioxidant power of selected foods. Dietary intake, sociodemographic data, medical history, and anthropometric measurements were collected from participants using a validated questionnaire. RESULTS The mean DTAC value, as well as total calorie intake, did not show significant differences between cases and controls. CONCLUSION No significant association was found between DTAC and CKD in patients with type 2 diabetic. Further studies are needed to confirm the effects of DTAC on the risk of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnaz Abbasi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas; Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam S Daneshpour
- Cellular Molecular and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular Molecular and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Mottaghi
- Research Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular diseases, Institute of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Katayoun Pourvali
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas.
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Mozaffari H, Daneshzad E, Surkan PJ, Azadbakht L. Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies. J Am Coll Nutr 2018; 37:533-545. [PMID: 29714643 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2018.1441079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Measurement of dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) is considered a new holistic dietary approach and assesses total antioxidants present in the overall diet. Our aim was to perform a comprehensive review of the literature on the association between DTAC and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were used to conduct a comprehensive search for articles published on this topic through September 2017. There was no limit on earliest year of publication. The search was based on the following keywords: dietary total antioxidant capacity, nonenzymatic antioxidant capacity, total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter, ferric reducing ability of plasma, oxygen radical absorbance capacity, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), waist circumference (WC), insulin resistance, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), insulin, obesity, glucose, C-reactive protein (CRP), blood pressure (BP), and body mass index. In total, 16 papers were identified for inclusion in the present systematic review. RESULTS Most well-designed studies that evaluated associations between DTAC and CVD risk factors showed inverse associations for fasting blood glucose, CRP, BP, and WC and positive associations for HDL-C. However, there was no association between DTAC and LDL-C or TC in any of the studies. Results regarding the association of DTAC with insulin, HOMA-IR, high-sensitivity CRP, and TG in the published literature were inconsistent. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicated a substantial association between high DTAC and most CVD-related risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadis Mozaffari
- a Department of Community Nutrition , School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.,b Iran's National Elites Foundation , Tehran , Iran
| | - Elnaz Daneshzad
- a Department of Community Nutrition , School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Pamela J Surkan
- c Department of International Health , Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore , Maryland , USA
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- a Department of Community Nutrition , School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.,d Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.,e Department of Community Nutrition , School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan , Iran
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Cömert ED, Gökmen V. Evolution of food antioxidants as a core topic of food science for a century. Food Res Int 2018; 105:76-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.10.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC): New horizons in relating dietary antioxidants/bioactives and health benefits. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2014.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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