1
|
Lee JM, Choi YJ, Yoo MC, Yeo SG. Central Facial Nervous System Biomolecules Involved in Peripheral Facial Nerve Injury Responses and Potential Therapeutic Strategies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051036. [PMID: 37237902 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral facial nerve injury leads to changes in the expression of various neuroactive substances that affect nerve cell damage, survival, growth, and regeneration. In the case of peripheral facial nerve damage, the injury directly affects the peripheral nerves and induces changes in the central nervous system (CNS) through various factors, but the substances involved in these changes in the CNS are not well understood. The objective of this review is to investigate the biomolecules involved in peripheral facial nerve damage so as to gain insight into the mechanisms and limitations of targeting the CNS after such damage and identify potential facial nerve treatment strategies. To this end, we searched PubMed using keywords and exclusion criteria and selected 29 eligible experimental studies. Our analysis summarizes basic experimental studies on changes in the CNS following peripheral facial nerve damage, focusing on biomolecules that increase or decrease in the CNS and/or those involved in the damage, and reviews various approaches for treating facial nerve injury. By establishing the biomolecules in the CNS that change after peripheral nerve damage, we can expect to identify factors that play an important role in functional recovery from facial nerve damage. Accordingly, this review could represent a significant step toward developing treatment strategies for peripheral facial palsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Min Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - You Jung Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Chul Yoo
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Geun Yeo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sylvester M, Son A, Schwartz DM. The Interactions Between Autoinflammation and Type 2 Immunity: From Mechanistic Studies to Epidemiologic Associations. Front Immunol 2022; 13:818039. [PMID: 35281022 PMCID: PMC8907424 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.818039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoinflammatory diseases are a group of clinical syndromes characterized by constitutive overactivation of innate immune pathways. This results in increased production of or responses to monocyte- and neutrophil-derived cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), and Type 1 interferon (IFN). By contrast, clinical allergy is caused by dysregulated type 2 immunity, which is characterized by expansion of T helper 2 (Th2) cells and eosinophils, as well as overproduction of the associated cytokines IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13. Traditionally, type 2 immune cells and autoinflammatory effectors were thought to counter-regulate each other. However, an expanding body of evidence suggests that, in some contexts, autoinflammatory pathways and cytokines may potentiate type 2 immune responses. Conversely, type 2 immune cells and cytokines can regulate autoinflammatory responses in complex and context-dependent manners. Here, we introduce the concepts of autoinflammation and type 2 immunity. We proceed to review the mechanisms by which autoinflammatory and type 2 immune responses can modulate each other. Finally, we discuss the epidemiology of type 2 immunity and clinical allergy in several monogenic and complex autoinflammatory diseases. In the future, these interactions between type 2 immunity and autoinflammation may help to expand the spectrum of autoinflammation and to guide the management of patients with various autoinflammatory and allergic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- McKella Sylvester
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Aran Son
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Daniella M Schwartz
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dong PL, Li H, Yu XJ, Li QN, Liu JQ, Liu CY, Han H. Effect and mechanism of "Danggui-kushen" herb pair on ischemic heart disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112450. [PMID: 34839257 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism and effects of "Danggui-kushen" herb pair (DKHP) better than single drug in ischemic heart disease (IHD). METHODS IHD model was established by left anterior descending branch of coronary artery in rats. Rats were randomized into six groups and oral administration for 7 days: control, model, Danshen dripping pills (DS) (5.103 g/kg), Danggui (DG) (2.7 g/kg), Kushen (KS) (2.7 g/kg) and DKHP (2.7 g/kg). Electrocardiogram (ECG), myocardial infarction and damage assessment, histological inspection analysis, and various biochemical indexes of myocardial tissue were measured to evaluate the myocardial damage and the protective effects of drugs. The inflammatory levels were identified by HE staining and serum cytokine, and the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), inhibitor kappa B kinaseβ (IKKβ) and nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-κB) were measured by immunohistochemistry. KEY FINDINGS The results suggested that: compared with the control group, model group showed significantly myocardial tissue abnormalities, and increased levels of inflammatory cytokine. Treatment with drugs inhibited the increase of α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (α-HBDH), creatine kinase (CK), creatinekinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), interleukin 1 (IL-1) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). The results of immunohistochemical showed that drugs-treatment inhibited the expression of IKKβ and the P-p65, increased the expression of HIF-1α, which demonstrated that the anti-inflammatory effects of DKHP was achieved by suppressing of NF-κB signaling. CONCLUSION These observations indicated that DKHP can ameliorate myocardial injury better than single. And these are related to the inhibition of NF-κB and actives HIF-1α signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Liang Dong
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiao Jin Yu
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Qing Na Li
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jia Qi Liu
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Cai Yan Liu
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hua Han
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jain R, Zhao K, Sheridan JM, Heinlein M, Kupresanin F, Abeysekera W, Hall C, Rickard J, Bouillet P, Walczak H, Strasser A, Silke J, Gray DHD. Dual roles for LUBAC signaling in thymic epithelial cell development and survival. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:2946-2956. [PMID: 34381167 PMCID: PMC8481470 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00850-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Thymic epithelial cells (TECs) form a unique microenvironment that orchestrates T cell differentiation and immunological tolerance. Despite the importance of TECs for adaptive immunity, there is an incomplete understanding of the signalling networks that support their differentiation and survival. We report that the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) is essential for medullary TEC (mTEC) differentiation, cortical TEC survival and prevention of premature thymic atrophy. TEC-specific loss of LUBAC proteins, HOIL-1 or HOIP, severely impaired expansion of the thymic medulla and AIRE-expressing cells. Furthermore, HOIL-1-deficiency caused early thymic atrophy due to Caspase-8/MLKL-dependent apoptosis/necroptosis of cortical TECs. By contrast, deficiency in the LUBAC component, SHARPIN, caused relatively mild defects only in mTECs. These distinct roles for LUBAC components in TECs correlate with their function in linear ubiquitination, NFκB activation and cell survival. Thus, our findings reveal dual roles for LUBAC signaling in TEC differentiation and survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reema Jain
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kelin Zhao
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Julie M Sheridan
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Melanie Heinlein
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Fiona Kupresanin
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord, Australia
| | - Waruni Abeysekera
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Cathrine Hall
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - James Rickard
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Philippe Bouillet
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Henning Walczak
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer and Inflammation, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
- Centre for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas Strasser
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - John Silke
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Daniel H D Gray
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Krishnan D, Menon RN, Gopala S. SHARPIN: Role in Finding NEMO and in Amyloid-Beta Clearance and Degradation (ABCD) Pathway in Alzheimer's Disease? Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 42:1267-1281. [PMID: 33400084 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-01023-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
SHANK- associated RH domain-interacting protein (SHARPIN) is a multifunctional protein associated with numerous physiological functions and many diseases. The primary role of the protein as a LUBAC-dependent component in regulating the activation of the transcription factor NF-κB accounts to its role in inflammation and antiapoptosis. Hence, an alteration of SHARPIN expression or genetic mutations or polymorphisms leads to the alteration of the above-mentioned primary physiological functions contributing to inflammation-associated diseases and cancer, respectively. However, there are complications of targeting SHARPIN as a therapeutic approach, which arises from the wide-range of LUBAC-independent functions and yet unknown roles of SHARPIN including neuronal functions. The identification of SHARPIN as a postsynaptic protein and the emerging studies indicating its role in several neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease suggests a strong role of SHARPIN in neuronal functioning. This review summarizes the functional roles of SHARPIN in normal physiology and disease pathogenesis and strongly suggests a need for concentrating more studies on identifying the unknown neuronal functions of SHARPIN and hence its role in neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhanya Krishnan
- Department of Biochemistry, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Ramsekhar N Menon
- Department of Neurology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Srinivas Gopala
- Department of Biochemistry, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695011, Kerala, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Webster JD, Vucic D. The Balance of TNF Mediated Pathways Regulates Inflammatory Cell Death Signaling in Healthy and Diseased Tissues. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:365. [PMID: 32671059 PMCID: PMC7326080 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF; TNFα) is a critical regulator of immune responses in healthy organisms and in disease. TNF is involved in the development and proper functioning of the immune system by mediating cell survival and cell death inducing signaling. TNF stimulated signaling pathways are tightly regulated by a series of phosphorylation and ubiquitination events, which enable timely association of TNF receptors-associated intracellular signaling complexes. Disruption of these signaling events can disturb the balance and the composition of signaling complexes, potentially resulting in severe inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Webster
- Departments of Pathology and Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Domagoj Vucic
- Departments of Pathology and Early Discovery Biochemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang Y, Liang YH, Zheng Y, Tang LJ, Zhou ST, Zhu JN. SHARPIN regulates cell proliferation of cutaneous basal cell carcinoma via inactivation of the transcriptional factors GLI2 and c‑JUN. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:1799-1808. [PMID: 32319607 PMCID: PMC7057814 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.10981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
SHANK‑associated RH domain‑interacting protein (SHARPIN) is a component of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex that can enhance the NF‑κB and JNK signaling pathways, acting as a tumor‑associated protein in a variety of cancer types. The present study investigated the role of SHARPIN in cutaneous basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Human BCC (n=26) and normal skin (n=5) tissues, and BCC (TE354.T) and normal skin (HaCaT) cell lines were used to evaluate SHARPIN expression level using immunohistochemistry and western blotting, respectively. A lentivirus carrying SHARPIN‑targeting or negative control short hairpin RNA was infected into TE354.T cells, and the infected stable cells were assayed to analyze tumor cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, migration and invasion by Cell Counting Kit‑8 and 5‑ethynyl‑2'‑deoxyuridine incorporation assays, flow cytometry and Transwell assays. Western blotting was performed to assess the protein expression levels of gene signaling in SHARPIN‑silenced BCC cells. SHARPIN protein expression levels were downregulated or absent in BCC cancer nests and precancerous lesions compared with normal skin samples. In addition, SHARPIN expression levels were lower in TE354.T cells compared with HaCaT cells. SHARPIN shRNA enhanced tumor cell proliferation and the S phase of the cell cycle, whereas BCC cell apoptotic rates, and migratory and invasive abilities were not significantly altered. The expression levels of cyclin D1, cyclin‑dependent kinase 4, phosphorylated‑c‑JUN and GLI family zinc finger 2 proteins were increased, whereas Patched 1 (PTCH1) and PTCH2 were decreased in the SHARPIN‑shRNA‑infected BCC cells. Therefore, the present results suggested that SHARPIN may act as a tumor suppressor during BCC development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Cosmetology and Venereology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Hua Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Cosmetology and Venereology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Cosmetology and Venereology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Jie Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Cosmetology and Venereology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, P.R. China
| | - Si-Tong Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Cosmetology and Venereology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Na Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Cosmetology and Venereology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518101, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Feng Y, Zheng C, Zhou Z, Xiong H, Feng F, Xie F, Wu ZD. IL-17A neutralizing antibody attenuates eosinophilic meningitis caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis by involving IL-17RA/Traf6/NF-κB signaling. Exp Cell Res 2019; 384:111554. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
9
|
Zhou S, Liang Y, Zhang X, Liao L, Yang Y, Ouyang W, Xu H. SHARPIN Promotes Melanoma Progression via Rap1 Signaling Pathway. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 140:395-403.e6. [PMID: 31401046 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.07.696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
SHARPIN, as a tumor-associated gene, is involved in the metastatic process of many kinds of tumors. Herein, we studied the function of Shank-associated RH domain interacting protein (SHARPIN) in melanoma metastasis and the relevant molecular mechanisms. We found that SHARPIN expression was increased in melanoma tissues and activated the process of proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and in vivo, resulting in a poor prognosis of the disease. Functional analysis demonstrated that SHARPIN promoted melanoma migration and invasion by regulating Ras-associated protein-1(Rap1) and its downstream pathways, including p38 and JNK/c-Jun. Rap1 activator (8-pCPT-2'-O-Me-cAMP) and inhibitor (ESI-09 and farnesylthiosalicylic acid-amide) treatments could partially rescue invasion and migration of tumor cells. Additionally, SHARPIN expression in cell lines and public datasets also indicated that molecules other than BRAF and N-RAS may contribute to SHARPIN activation. In conclusion, our broad-in-depth work suggests that SHARPIN promotes melanoma development via p38 and JNK/c-Jun pathways through upregulation of Rap1 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sitong Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Cosmetology and Venereology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanhua Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Cosmetology and Venereology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Cosmetology and Venereology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lexi Liao
- Department of Dermatology, Cosmetology and Venereology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yao Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Cosmetology and Venereology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen Ouyang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huaiyuan Xu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dong P, Ji X, Han W, Han H. Oxymatrine exhibits anti-neuroinflammatory effects on Aβ 1-42-induced primary microglia cells by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 74:105686. [PMID: 31207405 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxymatrine (OMT), isolated from Sophora flavescens or Sophora alopecuroides, possesses various pharmacological and biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-diabetic properties. Microglia cells, the resident immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS), play a key role in neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, the neuroinflammatory effects of OMT and its mechanisms were investigated by Aβ1-42-induced rat brain tissue model and primary microglia cells model. The hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry results showed that OMT could reduce neuronal damage and inhibit microglia activation in the model tissue. The in vitro experiments revealed that OMT could decrease the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and nitric oxide (NO), and down-regulate the expression of iNOS and COX-2 in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, OMT inhibited phosphorylation of JNK, ERK 1/2, P-p38 and NF-κB in Aβ1-42-induced microglia cells. In summary, OMT exhibits anti-neuroinflammatory effects and the anti-inflammatory activity of OMT is related to the regulation of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peiliang Dong
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiaomeng Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Wei Han
- Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Hua Han
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tang Y, Joo D, Liu G, Tu H, You J, Jin J, Zhao X, Hung MC, Lin X. Linear ubiquitination of cFLIP induced by LUBAC contributes to TNFα-induced apoptosis. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:20062-20072. [PMID: 30361438 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) regulates NF-κB activation by modifying proteins with linear (M1-linked) ubiquitination chains. Although LUBAC also regulates the apoptosis pathway, the precise mechanism by which LUBAC regulates apoptosis remains not fully defined. Here, we report that LUBAC-mediated M1-linked ubiquitination of cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein (cFLIP), an anti-apoptotic molecule, contributes to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α-induced apoptosis. We found that deficiency of RNF31, the catalytic subunit of the LUBAC complex, promoted cFLIP degradation in a proteasome-dependent manner. Moreover, we observed RNF31 directly interact with cFLIP, and LUBAC further conjugated M1-linked ubiquitination chains at Lys-351 and Lys-353 of cFLIP to stabilize cFLIP, thereby protecting cells from TNFα-induced apoptosis. Together, our study identifies a new substrate of LUBAC and reveals a new molecular mechanism through which LUBAC regulates TNFα-induced apoptosis via M1-linked ubiquitination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Tang
- From the Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Donghyun Joo
- the Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, and
| | - Guangna Liu
- From the Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hailin Tu
- From the Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jeffrey You
- the Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, and
| | - Jianping Jin
- the Life Science Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xueqiang Zhao
- From the Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- the Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, and
| | - Xin Lin
- From the Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing 100084, China,.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tang L, Wang J, Zhu J, Liang Y. Down-regulated SHARPIN may accelerate the development of atopic dermatitis through activating interleukin-33/ST2 signalling. Exp Dermatol 2018; 27:1328-1335. [PMID: 30230040 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
SHARPIN is an important component of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC). Loss of function of SHARPIN results in eosinophilic inflammation in multiple organs including skin with Th2 -dominant cytokines and dysregulated development of lymphoid tissues in mice. The clinicopathological features are similar to atopic dermatitis (AD) in humans. In order to investigate the potential role of SHARPIN in the pathogenesis of AD, we performed genetic association study of the genotypes and haplotypes as well as SHARPIN's expression between AD cases and controls. We found three mutations (g.480G>A, g.4576A>G and g.5070C>T) in patient group, and significantly decreased expression in AD lesions, suggesting a primary role of SHARPIN during AD development. Lentivirus-mediated in vitro assays identified that knockdown of SHARPIN can induce elevated expression of IL-33 and its orphan receptor ST2, FLG and STAT3 and NF-κB inactivation in HaCaT keratinocytes, which has been widely evidenced in regulating AD development. ST2 expression was highly induced in SHARPIN-silenced HaCaT keratinocytes after the combined stimulation of IL-4 and IL-13. Our in vivo and in vitro findings implicated that SHARPIN may be a novel participant in the pathogenesis and/or new therapeutic target of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingjie Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Cosmetology & Venereology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiaman Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Cosmetology & Venereology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingna Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Cosmetology & Venereology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanhua Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Cosmetology & Venereology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mitchell K, Barreyro L, Todorova TI, Taylor SJ, Antony-Debré I, Narayanagari SR, Carvajal LA, Leite J, Piperdi Z, Pendurti G, Mantzaris I, Paietta E, Verma A, Gritsman K, Steidl U. IL1RAP potentiates multiple oncogenic signaling pathways in AML. J Exp Med 2018; 215:1709-1727. [PMID: 29773641 PMCID: PMC5987926 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20180147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The surface molecule interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein (IL1RAP) is consistently overexpressed across multiple genetic subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and other myeloid malignancies, including at the stem cell level, and is emerging as a novel therapeutic target. However, the cell-intrinsic functions of IL1RAP in AML cells are largely unknown. Here, we show that targeting of IL1RAP via RNA interference, genetic deletion, or antibodies inhibits AML pathogenesis in vitro and in vivo, without perturbing healthy hematopoietic function or viability. Furthermore, we found that the role of IL1RAP is not restricted to the IL-1 receptor pathway, but that IL1RAP physically interacts with and mediates signaling and pro-proliferative effects through FLT3 and c-KIT, two receptor tyrosine kinases with known key roles in AML pathogenesis. Our study provides a new mechanistic basis for the efficacy of IL1RAP targeting in AML and reveals a novel role for this protein in the pathogenesis of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Mitchell
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Laura Barreyro
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | | | - Samuel J Taylor
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | | | | | - Luis A Carvajal
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Joana Leite
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Zubair Piperdi
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Gopichand Pendurti
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Division of Hemato-Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Ioannis Mantzaris
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Division of Hemato-Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | - Elisabeth Paietta
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Division of Hemato-Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Amit Verma
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Division of Hemato-Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Kira Gritsman
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Division of Hemato-Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Ulrich Steidl
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Medicine (Oncology), Division of Hemato-Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hrdinka M, Gyrd-Hansen M. The Met1-Linked Ubiquitin Machinery: Emerging Themes of (De)regulation. Mol Cell 2017; 68:265-280. [PMID: 29053955 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex, LUBAC, is the only known mammalian ubiquitin ligase that makes methionine 1 (Met1)-linked polyubiquitin (also referred to as linear ubiquitin). A decade after LUBAC was discovered as a cellular activity of unknown function, there are now many lines of evidence connecting Met1-linked polyubiquitin to NF-κB signaling, cell death, inflammation, immunity, and cancer. We now know that Met1-linked polyubiquitin has potent signaling functions and that its deregulation is connected to disease. Indeed, mutations and deficiencies in several factors involved in conjugation and deconjugation of Met1-linked polyubiquitin have been implicated in immune-related disorders. Here, we discuss current knowledge and recent insights into the role and regulation of Met1-linked polyubiquitin, with an emphasis on the mechanisms controlling the function of LUBAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matous Hrdinka
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Mads Gyrd-Hansen
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Huang H, Du T, Zhang Y, Lai Y, Li K, Fan X, Zhu D, Lin T, Xu K, Huang J, Liu L, Guo Z. Elevation of SHARPIN Protein Levels in Prostate Adenocarcinomas Promotes Metastasis and Impairs Patient Survivals. Prostate 2017; 77:718-728. [PMID: 28230260 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SHARPIN, SHANK-associated RH domain interacting protein, associates with a linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) to regulate inflammation and immunity. It has been reported that SHARPIN is highly expressed in several human tumors including ovarian cancer and liver cancer. We found that SHARPIN is also highly expressed in prostate cancer cell lines of DU145, LNCAP, and PC-3. Suppression of SHARPIN caused an inhibition of NF-κB signal and decreases in tumorigenesis of cultured cells in NOD/SCID mouse model. Overexpression of SHARPIN in prostate cancer cells promoted cell growth and reduced apoptosis through NF-kB/ERK/Akt pathway and apoptosis-associated proteins. METHODS We analyzed the expression of SHARPIN in prostate cancer tissues from 95 patients and its relationship with other clinical characteristics associated with PCA malignancies and patient survivals, and examined the impacts of SHARPIN suppression with siRNA on proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, and expression levels of MMP-9 of prostate cancer cells and metastasis to lung by these cells in nude mice. RESULTS High levels of SHARPIN were associated with high malignancies of PCA and predicted shorter survivals of PCA patients. Suppression of SHARPIN impaired cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and invasion and reduced levels of MMP-9 in prostate cancer cells and reduced the size of metastatic lung tumors induced by these cells in mice. CONCLUSIONS SHARPIN enhances the metastasis of prostate cancer and impair patient survivals. Prostate 77:718-728, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Huang
- Department of Urology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas
| | - Tao Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiming Lai
- Department of Urology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaiwen Li
- Department of Urology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinxing Fan
- Department of Urology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dingjun Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianxin Lin
- Department of Urology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kewei Xu
- Department of Urology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Urology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Leyuan Liu
- Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Houston, Texas
| | - Zhenghui Guo
- Department of Urology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gurung P, Kanneganti TD. Autoinflammatory Skin Disorders: The Inflammasomme in Focus. Trends Mol Med 2016; 22:545-564. [PMID: 27267764 PMCID: PMC4925313 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Autoinflammatory skin disorders are a group of heterogeneous diseases that include diseases such as cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS) and familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). Therapeutic strategies targeting IL-1 cytokines have proved helpful in ameliorating some of these diseases. While inflammasomes are the major regulators of IL-1 cytokines, inflammasome-independent complexes can also process IL-1 cytokines. Herein, we focus on recent advances in our understanding of how IL-1 cytokines, stemming from inflammasome-dependent and -independent pathways are involved in the regulation of skin conditions. Importantly, we discuss several mouse models of skin inflammation generated to help elucidate the basic cellular and molecular effects and modulation of IL-1 in the skin. Such models offer perspectives on how these signaling pathways could be targeted to improve therapeutic approaches in the treatment of these rare and debilitating inflammatory skin disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prajwal Gurung
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Vince JE, Silke J. The intersection of cell death and inflammasome activation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:2349-67. [PMID: 27066895 PMCID: PMC11108284 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2205-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammasomes sense cellular danger to activate the cysteine-aspartic protease caspase-1, which processes precursor interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 into their mature bioactive fragments. In addition, activated caspase-1 or the related inflammatory caspase, caspase-11, can cleave gasdermin D to induce a lytic cell death, termed pyroptosis. The intertwining of IL-1β activation and cell death is further highlighted by research showing that the extrinsic apoptotic caspase, caspase-8, may, like caspase-1, directly process IL-1β, activate the NLRP3 inflammasome itself, or bind to inflammasome complexes to induce apoptotic cell death. Similarly, RIPK3- and MLKL-dependent necroptotic signaling can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome to drive IL-1β inflammatory responses in vivo. Here, we review the mechanisms by which cell death signaling activates inflammasomes to initiate IL-1β-driven inflammation, and highlight the clinical relevance of these findings to heritable autoinflammatory diseases. We also discuss whether the act of cell death can be separated from IL-1β secretion and evaluate studies suggesting that several cell death regulatory proteins can directly interact with, and modulate the function of, inflammasome and IL-1β containing protein complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James E Vince
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3050, Australia.
| | - John Silke
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3050, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sundberg JP, Pratt CH, Silva KA, Kennedy VE, Stearns TM, Sundberg BA, King LE, HogenEsch H. Dermal lymphatic dilation in a mouse model of alopecia areata. Exp Mol Pathol 2016; 100:332-6. [PMID: 26960166 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Mouse models of various types of inflammatory skin disease are often accompanied by increased dermal angiogenesis. The C3H/HeJ inbred strain spontaneously develops alopecia areata (AA), a cell mediated autoimmune disorder that can be controllably expanded using full thickness skin grafts to young unaffected mice. This provides a reproducible and progressive model for AA in which the vascularization of the skin can be examined. Mice receiving skin grafts from AA or normal mice were evaluated at 5, 10, 15, and 20 weeks after engraftment. Lymphatics are often overlooked as they are small slit-like structures above the hair follicle that resemble artifact-like separation of collagen bundles with some fixatives. Lymphatics are easily detected using lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 (LYVE1) by immunohistochemistry to label their endothelial cells. Using LYVE1, there were no changes in distribution or numbers of lymphatics although they were more prominent (dilated) in the mice with AA. Lyve1 transcripts were not significantly upregulated except at 10 weeks after skin grafting when clinical signs of AA first become apparent. Other genes involved with vascular growth and dilation or movement of immune cells were dysregulated, mostly upregulated. These findings emphasize aspects of AA not commonly considered and provide potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John P Sundberg
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA; Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lloyd E King
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Harm HogenEsch
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Park Y, Jin HS, Lopez J, Lee J, Liao L, Elly C, Liu YC. SHARPIN controls regulatory T cells by negatively modulating the T cell antigen receptor complex. Nat Immunol 2016; 17:286-96. [PMID: 26829767 PMCID: PMC4919114 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
SHARPIN forms a linear-ubiquitin-chain-assembly complex that promotes signaling via the transcription factor NF-κB. SHARPIN deficiency leads to progressive multi-organ inflammation and immune system malfunction, but how SHARPIN regulates T cell responses is unclear. Here we found that SHARPIN deficiency resulted in a substantial reduction in the number of and defective function of regulatory T cells (Treg cells). Transfer of SHARPIN-sufficient Treg cells into SHARPIN-deficient mice considerably alleviated their systemic inflammation. SHARPIN-deficient T cells displayed enhanced proximal signaling via the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) without an effect on the activation of NF-κB. SHARPIN conjugated with Lys63 (K63)-linked ubiquitin chains, which led to inhibition of the association of TCRζ with the signaling kinase Zap70; this affected the generation of Treg cells. Our study therefore identifies a role for SHARPIN in TCR signaling whereby it maintains immunological homeostasis and tolerance by regulating Treg cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Park
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Hyung-Seung Jin
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Justine Lopez
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jeeho Lee
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Lujian Liao
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chris Elly
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Yun-Cai Liu
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
When Beauty Is Skin Deep: Regulation of the Wound Response by Caspase-8, RIPK3, and the Inflammasome. J Invest Dermatol 2015; 135:1936-1939. [PMID: 26174535 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Caspase-8 downregulation is observed in the epidermis of wounded skin, whereas permanent epidermal caspase-8 deletion causes chronic skin inflammation, suggesting that caspase-8 is a critical regulator of skin homeostasis and, possibly, the wound response. In this issue, Lee et al. document how epidermal caspase-8 deletion, or cutaneous wounding, results in increased NF-κB activation to drive keratinocyte caspase-1 expression and subsequent secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and IL-1α. Consequently, loss of NF-κB activity, caspase-1, or the IL-1 receptor delays wound healing. Previous studies have documented how chronic skin inflammation in caspase-8-deficient mice is rescued by RIPK3 co-deletion. Therefore, targeting caspase-1, IL-1, or RIPK3 itself may benefit treatment of chronic inflammatory skin diseases, or where an inappropriate inflammatory response proves detrimental to wound healing, such as in type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
|
21
|
Jeschke A, Catala-Lehnen P, Sieber S, Bickert T, Schweizer M, Koehne T, Wintges K, Marshall RP, Mautner A, Duchstein L, Otto B, Horst AK, Amling M, Kreienkamp HJ, Schinke T. Sharpin Controls Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Bone Marrow Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:3675-84. [PMID: 26363054 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The cytosolic protein Sharpin is a component of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex, which regulates NF-κB signaling in response to specific ligands, such as TNF-α. Its inactivating mutation in chronic proliferative dermatitis mutation (Cpdm) mice causes multiorgan inflammation, yet this phenotype is not transferable into wild-type mice by hematopoietic stem cell transfer. Recent evidence demonstrated that Cpdm mice additionally display low bone mass, and that this osteopenia is corrected by Tnf deletion. Because the cellular mechanism underlying this pathology, however, was still undefined, we performed a thorough skeletal phenotyping of Cpdm mice on the basis of nondecalcified histology and cellular and dynamic histomorphometry. We show that the trabecular and cortical osteopenia in Cpdm mice is solely explained by impaired bone formation, whereas osteoclastogenesis is unaffected. Consistently, Cpdm primary calvarial cells display reduced osteogenic capacity ex vivo, and the same was observed with CD11b(-) bone marrow cells. Unexpectedly, short-term treatment of these cultures with TNF-α did not reveal an impaired molecular response in the absence of Sharpin. Instead, genome-wide and gene-specific expression analyses revealed that Cpdm mesenchymal cells display increased responsiveness toward TNF-α-induced expression of specific cytokines, such as CXCL5, IL-1β, and IL-6. Therefore, our data not only demonstrate that the skeletal defects of Cpdm mice are specifically caused by impaired differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells, they also suggest that increased cytokine expression in mesenchymal bone marrow cells contributes to the inflammatory phenotype of Cpdm mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anke Jeschke
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Philip Catala-Lehnen
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Sabrina Sieber
- Department of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Thomas Bickert
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Michaela Schweizer
- Center of Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till Koehne
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Kristofer Wintges
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Robert P Marshall
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Andrea Mautner
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Lara Duchstein
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Benjamin Otto
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany; and
| | - Andrea K Horst
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hematology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Michael Amling
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Hans-Juergen Kreienkamp
- Department of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany;
| | - Thorsten Schinke
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Douglas T, Champagne C, Morizot A, Lapointe JM, Saleh M. The Inflammatory Caspases-1 and -11 Mediate the Pathogenesis of Dermatitis in Sharpin-Deficient Mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015. [PMID: 26216893 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chronic proliferative dermatitis in mice (cpdm) is a spontaneous multiorgan inflammatory disorder with pathological hallmarks similar to atopic dermatitis and psoriasis in humans. Cpdm mice lack expression of SHANK-associated RH domain-interacting protein, an adaptor of the linear ubiquitin assembly complex, which acts in the NF-κB pathway to promote inflammation and protect from apoptosis and necroptosis. Although skin inflammation in cpdm mice is driven by TNF- and RIPK1-induced cell death, the contribution of initiating innate immunity sensors and additional inflammatory pathways remains poorly characterized. In this article, we show that inflammasome signaling, including the expression and activation of the inflammatory caspase-1 and -11 and IL-1 family cytokines, was highly upregulated in the skin of cpdm mice prior to overt disease onset. Genetic ablation of caspase-1 and -11 from cpdm mice significantly reduced skin inflammation and delayed disease onset, whereas systemic immunological disease persisted. Loss of Nlrp3 also attenuated skin disease, albeit more variably. Strikingly, induction of apoptosis and necroptosis effectors was sharply decreased in the absence of caspase-1 and -11. These results position the inflammasome as an important initiating signal in skin disease pathogenesis and provide novel insights about inflammasome and cell death effector cross-talk in the context of inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Todd Douglas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 0B1, Canada
| | - Claudia Champagne
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 0B1, Canada
| | - Alexandre Morizot
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 0B1, Canada
| | - Jean-Martin Lapointe
- Comparative Medicine and Animal Resources Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada; and
| | - Maya Saleh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 0B1, Canada; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 0B1, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 0B1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sasaki K, Iwai K. Roles of linear ubiquitinylation, a crucial regulator of NF-κB and cell death, in the immune system. Immunol Rev 2015; 266:175-89. [DOI: 10.1111/imr.12308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiro Sasaki
- Molecular and Cellular Physiology; Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Iwai
- Molecular and Cellular Physiology; Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto University; Kyoto Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Boisson B, Laplantine E, Dobbs K, Cobat A, Tarantino N, Hazen M, Lidov HGW, Hopkins G, Du L, Belkadi A, Chrabieh M, Itan Y, Picard C, Fournet JC, Eibel H, Tsitsikov E, Pai SY, Abel L, Al-Herz W, Casanova JL, Israel A, Notarangelo LD. Human HOIP and LUBAC deficiency underlies autoinflammation, immunodeficiency, amylopectinosis, and lymphangiectasia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 212:939-51. [PMID: 26008899 PMCID: PMC4451137 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20141130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Boisson et al. report a human homozygous mutation of HOIP, the gene encoding the catalytic component of the linear ubiquitination chain assembly complex, LUBAC. The missense alleles impair the expression of HOIP, destabilizing the LUBAC complex and resulting in immune cell dysfunction leading to multiorgan inflammation, combined immunodeficiency, subclinical amylopectinosis, and systemic lymphangiectactasia. Inherited, complete deficiency of human HOIL-1, a component of the linear ubiquitination chain assembly complex (LUBAC), underlies autoinflammation, infections, and amylopectinosis. We report the clinical description and molecular analysis of a novel inherited disorder of the human LUBAC complex. A patient with multiorgan autoinflammation, combined immunodeficiency, subclinical amylopectinosis, and systemic lymphangiectasia, is homozygous for a mutation in HOIP, the gene encoding the catalytic component of LUBAC. The missense allele (L72P, in the PUB domain) is at least severely hypomorphic, as it impairs HOIP expression and destabilizes the whole LUBAC complex. Linear ubiquitination and NF-κB activation are impaired in the patient’s fibroblasts stimulated by IL-1β or TNF. In contrast, the patient’s monocytes respond to IL-1β more vigorously than control monocytes. However, the activation and differentiation of the patient’s B cells are impaired in response to CD40 engagement. These cellular and clinical phenotypes largely overlap those of HOIL-1-deficient patients. Clinical differences between HOIL-1- and HOIP-mutated patients may result from differences between the mutations, the loci, or other factors. Our findings show that human HOIP is essential for the assembly and function of LUBAC and for various processes governing inflammation and immunity in both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Boisson
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Emmanuel Laplantine
- Laboratory of Signaling and Pathogenesis, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 3691, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Kerry Dobbs
- Division of Immunology and The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Department of Pathology, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1163; Study Center of Immunodeficiencies, APHP; Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Nadine Tarantino
- Laboratory of Signaling and Pathogenesis, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 3691, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Melissa Hazen
- Division of Immunology and The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Department of Pathology, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Hart G W Lidov
- Division of Immunology and The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Department of Pathology, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Gregory Hopkins
- Division of Immunology and The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Department of Pathology, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Likun Du
- Division of Immunology and The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Department of Pathology, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Aziz Belkadi
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1163; Study Center of Immunodeficiencies, APHP; Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Maya Chrabieh
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1163; Study Center of Immunodeficiencies, APHP; Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Yuval Itan
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Capucine Picard
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1163; Study Center of Immunodeficiencies, APHP; Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1163; Study Center of Immunodeficiencies, APHP; Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | - Hermann Eibel
- University Medical Centre Freiburg, Centre of Chronic Immunodeficiency, 79098 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Erdyni Tsitsikov
- Division of Immunology and The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Department of Pathology, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Sung-Yun Pai
- Division of Immunology and The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Department of Pathology, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Laurent Abel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1163; Study Center of Immunodeficiencies, APHP; Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Waleed Al-Herz
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Al-Sabah Hospital, 70459 Kuwait City, Kuwait Department of Pediatrics, Kuwait University, 13110 Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1163; Study Center of Immunodeficiencies, APHP; Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR1163; Study Center of Immunodeficiencies, APHP; Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY 10065
| | - Alain Israel
- Laboratory of Signaling and Pathogenesis, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 3691, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Division of Immunology and The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Department of Pathology, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Rickard JA, Anderton H, Etemadi N, Nachbur U, Darding M, Peltzer N, Lalaoui N, Lawlor KE, Vanyai H, Hall C, Bankovacki A, Gangoda L, Wong WWL, Corbin J, Huang C, Mocarski ES, Murphy JM, Alexander WS, Voss AK, Vaux DL, Kaiser WJ, Walczak H, Silke J. TNFR1-dependent cell death drives inflammation in Sharpin-deficient mice. eLife 2014; 3. [PMID: 25443632 PMCID: PMC4270099 DOI: 10.7554/elife.03464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 307] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
SHARPIN regulates immune signaling and contributes to full transcriptional activity and prevention of cell death in response to TNF in vitro. The inactivating mouse Sharpin cpdm mutation causes TNF-dependent multi-organ inflammation, characterized by dermatitis, liver inflammation, splenomegaly, and loss of Peyer's patches. TNF-dependent cell death has been proposed to cause the inflammatory phenotype and consistent with this we show Tnfr1, but not Tnfr2, deficiency suppresses the phenotype (and it does so more efficiently than Il1r1 loss). TNFR1-induced apoptosis can proceed through caspase-8 and BID, but reduction in or loss of these players generally did not suppress inflammation, although Casp8 heterozygosity significantly delayed dermatitis. Ripk3 or Mlkl deficiency partially ameliorated the multi-organ phenotype, and combined Ripk3 deletion and Casp8 heterozygosity almost completely suppressed it, even restoring Peyer's patches. Unexpectedly, Sharpin, Ripk3 and Casp8 triple deficiency caused perinatal lethality. These results provide unexpected insights into the developmental importance of SHARPIN. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.03464.001 In response to an injury or infection, areas of the body can become inflamed as the immune system attempts to repair the damage and/or destroy any microbes or toxins that have entered the body. At the level of individual cells inflammation can involve cells being programmed to die in one of two ways: apoptosis and necroptosis. Apoptosis is a highly controlled process during which the contents of the cell are safely destroyed in order to prevent damage to surrounding cells. Necroptosis, on the other hand, is not controlled: the cell bursts and releases its contents into the surroundings. Inflammation is activated by a protein called TNFR1, which is controlled by a complex that includes a protein called SHARPIN. Mice that lack the SHARPIN protein develop inflammation on the skin and internal organs, even in the absence of injury or infection. However, it is not clear how SHARPIN controls TNFR1 to prevent inflammation. Rickard et al. and, independently Kumari et al. have now studied this process in detail. Rickard et al. cross bred mice that lack SHARPIN with mice lacking other proteins involved in inflammation and cell death. The experiments show that apoptosis is the main form of cell death in skin inflammation, but necroptosis has a bigger role in the inflammation of internal organs. Mice that lack both the apoptotic and necroptotic cell-death pathways can develop relatively normally, but they die shortly after birth if they also lack SHARPIN. Experiments on these mice could help us to understand how SHARPIN works. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.03464.002
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James A Rickard
- Cell Signalling and Cell Death Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Holly Anderton
- Cell Signalling and Cell Death Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nima Etemadi
- Cell Signalling and Cell Death Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ueli Nachbur
- Cell Signalling and Cell Death Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Maurice Darding
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer, and Inflammation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nieves Peltzer
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer, and Inflammation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Najoua Lalaoui
- Cell Signalling and Cell Death Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kate E Lawlor
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Hannah Vanyai
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Cathrine Hall
- Cell Signalling and Cell Death Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Aleks Bankovacki
- Cell Signalling and Cell Death Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lahiru Gangoda
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Wendy Wei-Lynn Wong
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jason Corbin
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Chunzi Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, United States
| | - Edward S Mocarski
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, United States
| | - James M Murphy
- Cell Signalling and Cell Death Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Warren S Alexander
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Anne K Voss
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - David L Vaux
- Cell Signalling and Cell Death Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - William J Kaiser
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, United States
| | - Henning Walczak
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer, and Inflammation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Silke
- Cell Signalling and Cell Death Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Rodgers MA, Bowman JW, Fujita H, Orazio N, Shi M, Liang Q, Amatya R, Kelly TJ, Iwai K, Ting J, Jung JU. The linear ubiquitin assembly complex (LUBAC) is essential for NLRP3 inflammasome activation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 211:1333-47. [PMID: 24958845 PMCID: PMC4076580 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20132486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Linear ubiquitination is a newly discovered posttranslational modification that is currently restricted to a small number of known protein substrates. The linear ubiquitination assembly complex (LUBAC), consisting of HOIL-1L, HOIP, and Sharpin, has been reported to activate NF-κB-mediated transcription in response to receptor signaling by ligating linear ubiquitin chains to Nemo and Rip1. Despite recent advances, the detailed roles of LUBAC in immune cells remain elusive. We demonstrate a novel HOIL-1L function as an essential regulator of the activation of the NLRP3/ASC inflammasome in primary bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) independently of NF-κB activation. Mechanistically, HOIL-1L is required for assembly of the NLRP3/ASC inflammasome and the linear ubiquitination of ASC, which we identify as a novel LUBAC substrate. Consequently, we find that HOIL-1L(-/-) mice have reduced IL-1β secretion in response to in vivo NLRP3 stimulation and survive lethal challenge with LPS. Together, these data demonstrate that linear ubiquitination is required for NLRP3 inflammasome activation, defining the molecular events of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and expanding the role of LUBAC as an innate immune regulator. Furthermore, our observation is clinically relevant because patients lacking HOIL-1L expression suffer from pyogenic bacterial immunodeficiency, providing a potential new therapeutic target for enhancing inflammation in immunodeficient patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary A Rodgers
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
| | - James W Bowman
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
| | - Hiroaki Fujita
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Nicole Orazio
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
| | - Mude Shi
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
| | - Qiming Liang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
| | - Rina Amatya
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
| | - Thomas J Kelly
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
| | - Kazuhiro Iwai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Jenny Ting
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Center for Translational Immunology and Institute for Inflammatory Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Jae U Jung
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Potter CS, Wang Z, Silva KA, Kennedy VE, Stearns TM, Burzenski L, Shultz LD, HogenEsch H, Sundberg JP. Chronic proliferative dermatitis in Sharpin null mice: development of an autoinflammatory disease in the absence of B and T lymphocytes and IL4/IL13 signaling. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85666. [PMID: 24465642 PMCID: PMC3897490 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
SHARPIN is a key regulator of NFKB and integrin signaling. Mice lacking Sharpin develop a phenotype known as chronic proliferative dermatitis (CPDM), typified by progressive epidermal hyperplasia, apoptosis of keratinocytes, cutaneous and systemic eosinophilic inflammation, and hypoplasia of secondary lymphoid organs. Rag1(-/-) mice, which lack mature B and T cells, were crossed with Sharpin(-/-) mice to examine the role of lymphocytes in CDPM. Although inflammation in the lungs, liver, and joints was reduced in these double mutant mice, dermatitis was not reduced in the absence of functional lymphocytes, suggesting that lymphocytes are not primary drivers of the inflammation in the skin. Type 2 cytokine expression is increased in CPDM. In an attempt to reduce this aspect of the phenotype, Il4ra(-/-) mice, unresponsive to both IL4 and IL13, were crossed with Sharpin(-/-) mice. Double homozygous Sharpin(-/-) , Il4ra(-/-) mice developed an exacerbated granulocytic dermatitis, acute system inflammation, as well as hepatic necrosis and mineralization. High expression of CHI3L4, normally seen in CPDM skin, was abolished in Sharpin(-/-) , Il4ra(-/-) double mutant mice indicating the crucial role of IL4 and IL13 in the expression of this protein. Cutaneous eosinophilia persisted in Sharpin(-/-) , Il4ra(-/-) mice, although expression of Il5 mRNA was reduced and the expression of Ccl11 and Ccl24 was completely abolished. TSLP and IL33 were both increased in the skin of Sharpin(-/-) mice and this was maintained in Sharpin(-/-) , Il4ra(-/-) mice suggesting a role for TSLP and IL33 in the eosinophilic dermatitis in SHARPIN-deficient mice. These studies indicate that cutaneous inflammation in SHARPIN-deficient mice is autoinflammatory in nature developing independently of B and T lymphocytes, while the systemic inflammation seen in CPDM has a strong lymphocyte-dependent component. Both the cutaneous and systemic inflammation is enhanced by loss of IL4 and IL13 signaling indicating that these cytokines normally play an anti-inflammatory role in SHARPIN-deficient mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | | | | | | | - Lisa Burzenski
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America
| | | | - Harm HogenEsch
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - John P. Sundberg
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
The ubiquitin system plays a pivotal role in the regulation of immune responses. This system includes a large family of E3 ubiquitin ligases of over 700 proteins and about 100 deubiquitinating enzymes, with the majority of their biological functions remaining unknown. Over the last decade, through a combination of genetic, biochemical, and molecular approaches, tremendous progress has been made in our understanding of how the process of protein ubiquitination and its reversal deubiquitination controls the basic aspect of the immune system including lymphocyte development, differentiation, activation, and tolerance induction and regulates the pathophysiological abnormalities such as autoimmunity, allergy, and malignant formation. In this review, we selected some of the published literature to discuss the roles of protein-ubiquitin conjugation and deubiquitination in T-cell activation and anergy, regulatory T-cell and T-helper cell differentiation, regulation of NF-κB signaling, and hematopoiesis in both normal and dysregulated conditions. A comprehensive understanding of the relationship between the ubiquitin system and immunity will provide insight into the molecular mechanisms of immune regulation and at the same time will advance new therapeutic intervention for human immunological diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Park
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Hyung-seung Jin
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Daisuke Aki
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jeeho Lee
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Yun-Cai Liu
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Pouwels J, De Franceschi N, Rantakari P, Auvinen K, Karikoski M, Mattila E, Potter C, Sundberg JP, Hogg N, Gahmberg CG, Salmi M, Ivaska J. SHARPIN regulates uropod detachment in migrating lymphocytes. Cell Rep 2013; 5:619-28. [PMID: 24210817 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2013.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
SHARPIN-deficient mice display a multiorgan chronic inflammatory phenotype suggestive of altered leukocyte migration. We therefore studied the role of SHARPIN in lymphocyte adhesion, polarization, and migration. We found that SHARPIN localizes to the trailing edges (uropods) of both mouse and human chemokine-activated lymphocytes migrating on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), which is one of the major endothelial ligands for migrating leukocytes. SHARPIN-deficient cells adhere better to ICAM-1 and show highly elongated tails when migrating. The increased tail lifetime in SHARPIN-deficient lymphocytes decreases the migration velocity. The adhesion, migration, and uropod defects in SHARPIN-deficient lymphocytes were rescued by reintroducing SHARPIN into the cells. Mechanistically, we show that SHARPIN interacts directly with lymphocyte-function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), a leukocyte counterreceptor for ICAM-1, and inhibits the expression of intermediate and high-affinity forms of LFA-1. Thus, SHARPIN controls lymphocyte migration by endogenously maintaining LFA-1 inactive to allow adjustable detachment of the uropods in polarized cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Pouwels
- Medical Biotechnology, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, 20521, Turku, Finland.,Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Nicola De Franceschi
- Medical Biotechnology, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, 20521, Turku, Finland.,Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Pia Rantakari
- Medicity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Kaisa Auvinen
- Medicity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland.,National Institute for Health and Welfare, Inflammatory Mechanisms unit, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Marika Karikoski
- Medicity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Elina Mattila
- Medical Biotechnology, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, 20521, Turku, Finland
| | | | | | - Nancy Hogg
- Leukocyte Adhesion Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Carl G Gahmberg
- Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marko Salmi
- Medicity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland.,National Institute for Health and Welfare, Inflammatory Mechanisms unit, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Johanna Ivaska
- Medical Biotechnology, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, 20521, Turku, Finland.,Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland.,Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wang Z, Potter CS, Sundberg JP, Hogenesch H. SHARPIN is a key regulator of immune and inflammatory responses. J Cell Mol Med 2013; 16:2271-9. [PMID: 22452937 PMCID: PMC3402681 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2012.01574.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mice with spontaneous mutations in the Sharpin gene develop chronic proliferative dermatitis that is characterized by eosinophilic inflammation of the skin and other organs with increased expression of type 2 cytokines and dysregulated development of lymphoid tissues. The mutant mice share phenotypic features with human hypereosinophilic syndromes. The biological function of SHARPIN and how its absence leads to such a complex inflammatory phenotype in mice are poorly understood. However, recent studies identified SHARPIN as a novel modulator of immune and inflammatory responses. The emerging mechanistic model suggests that SHARPIN functions as an important adaptor component of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex that modulates activation of NF-κB signalling pathway, thereby regulating cell survival and apoptosis, cytokine production and development of lymphoid tissues. In this review, we will summarize the current understanding of the ubiquitin-dependent regulatory mechanisms involved in NF-κB signalling, and incorporate the recently obtained molecular insights of SHARPIN into this pathway. Recent studies identified SHARPIN as an inhibitor of β1-integrin activation and signalling, and this may be another mechanism by which SHARPIN regulates inflammation. Furthermore, the disrupted lymphoid organogenesis in SHARPIN-deficient mice suggests that SHARPIN-mediated NF-κB regulation is important for de novo development of lymphoid tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1243, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Boisson B, Laplantine E, Prando C, Giliani S, Israelsson E, Xu Z, Abhyankar A, Israël L, Trevejo-Nunez G, Bogunovic D, Cepika AM, MacDuff D, Chrabieh M, Hubeau M, Bajolle F, Debré M, Mazzolari E, Vairo D, Agou F, Virgin HW, Bossuyt X, Rambaud C, Facchetti F, Bonnet D, Quartier P, Fournet JC, Pascual V, Chaussabel D, Notarangelo LD, Puel A, Israël A, Casanova JL, Picard C. Immunodeficiency, autoinflammation and amylopectinosis in humans with inherited HOIL-1 and LUBAC deficiency. Nat Immunol 2012; 13:1178-86. [PMID: 23104095 PMCID: PMC3514453 DOI: 10.1038/ni.2457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 339] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We report the clinical description and molecular dissection of a new fatal human inherited disorder characterized by chronic auto-inflammation, invasive bacterial infections and muscular amylopectinosis. Patients from two kindreds carried biallelic loss-of-expression and loss-of-function mutations in HOIL1, a component the linear ubiquitination chain assembly complex (LUBAC). These mutations resulted in impairment of LUBAC stability. NF-κB activation in response to interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was compromised in the patients’ fibroblasts. By contrast, the patients’ mononuclear leukocytes, particularly monocytes, were hyperresponsive to IL-1β. The consequences of human HOIL-1 and LUBAC deficiencies for IL-1β responses thus differed between cell types, consistent with the unique association of auto-inflammation and immunodeficiency in these patients. These data suggest that LUBAC regulates NF-κB-dependent IL-1β responses differently in different cell types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Boisson
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Pouwels J, Nevo J, Pellinen T, Ylänne J, Ivaska J. Negative regulators of integrin activity. J Cell Sci 2012; 125:3271-80. [PMID: 22822081 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.093641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrins are heterodimeric transmembrane adhesion receptors composed of α- and β-subunits. They are ubiquitously expressed and have key roles in a number of important biological processes, such as development, maintenance of tissue homeostasis and immunological responses. The activity of integrins, which indicates their affinity towards their ligands, is tightly regulated such that signals inside the cell cruicially regulate the switching between active and inactive states. An impaired ability to activate integrins is associated with many human diseases, including bleeding disorders and immune deficiencies, whereas inappropriate integrin activation has been linked to inflammatory disorders and cancer. In recent years, the molecular details of integrin 'inside-out' activation have been actively investigated. Binding of cytoplasmic proteins, such as talins and kindlins, to the cytoplasmic tail of β-integrins is widely accepted as being the crucial step in integrin activation. By contrast, much less is known with regard to the counteracting mechanism involved in switching integrins into an inactive conformation. In this Commentary, we aim to discuss the known mechanisms of integrin inactivation and the molecules involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Pouwels
- Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
A role for polyubiquitination in the activation of inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB) kinase (IKK) through a proteasome-independent mechanism was first reported in 1996, but the physiological significance of this finding was not clear until 2000 when TRAF6 was found to be a ubiquitin E3 ligase that catalyzes lysine-63 (K63) polyubiquitination. Since then, several proteins known to regulate IKK have been linked to the ubiquitin pathway. These include the deubiquitination enzymes CYLD and A20 that inhibit IKK, and the ubiquitin binding proteins NEMO and TAB2 which are the regulatory subunits of IKK and TAK1 kinase complexes, respectively. Now accumulating evidence strongly supports a central role of K63 polyubiquitination in IKK activation by multiple immune and inflammatory pathways. Interestingly, recent research suggests that some alternative ubiquitin chains such as linear or K11 ubiquitin chains may also play a role in certain pathways such as the TNF pathway. Here I present a historical narrative of the discovery of the role of ubiquitin in IKK activation, review recent advances in understanding the role and mechanism of ubiquitin-mediated IKK activation, and raise some questions to be resolved in future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian J Chen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9148, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Davisson MT, Bergstrom DE, Reinholdt LG, Donahue LR. Discovery Genetics - The History and Future of Spontaneous Mutation Research. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 2:103-118. [PMID: 25364627 DOI: 10.1002/9780470942390.mo110200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Historically, spontaneous mutations in mice have served as valuable models of heritable human diseases, contributing substantially to our understanding of both disease mechanisms and basic biological pathways. While advances in molecular technologies have improved our ability to create mouse models of human disease through targeted mutagenesis and transgenesis, spontaneous mutations continue to provide valuable research tools for discovery of novel genes and functions. In addition, the genetic defects caused by spontaneous mutations are molecularly similar to mutations in the human genome and, therefore often produce phenotypes that more closely resemble those characteristic of human disease than do genetically engineered mutations. Due to the rarity with which spontaneous mutations arise and the animal intensive nature of their genetic analysis, large-scale spontaneous mutation analysis has traditionally been limited to large mammalian genetics institutes. More recently, ENU mutagenesis and new screening methods have increased the rate of mutant strain discovery, and high-throughput DNA sequencing has enabled rapid identification of the underlying genes and their causative mutations. Here, we discuss the continued value of spontaneous mutations for biomedical research.
Collapse
|
35
|
Hayden MS, Ghosh S. NF-κB, the first quarter-century: remarkable progress and outstanding questions. Genes Dev 2012; 26:203-34. [PMID: 22302935 DOI: 10.1101/gad.183434.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1295] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ability to sense and adjust to the environment is crucial to life. For multicellular organisms, the ability to respond to external changes is essential not only for survival but also for normal development and physiology. Although signaling events can directly modify cellular function, typically signaling acts to alter transcriptional responses to generate both transient and sustained changes. Rapid, but transient, changes in gene expression are mediated by inducible transcription factors such as NF-κB. For the past 25 years, NF-κB has served as a paradigm for inducible transcription factors and has provided numerous insights into how signaling events influence gene expression and physiology. Since its discovery as a regulator of expression of the κ light chain gene in B cells, research on NF-κB continues to yield new insights into fundamental cellular processes. Advances in understanding the mechanisms that regulate NF-κB have been accompanied by progress in elucidating the biological significance of this transcription factor in various physiological processes. NF-κB likely plays the most prominent role in the development and function of the immune system and, not surprisingly, when dysregulated, contributes to the pathophysiology of inflammatory disease. As our appreciation of the fundamental role of inflammation in disease pathogenesis has increased, so too has the importance of NF-κB as a key regulatory molecule gained progressively greater significance. However, despite the tremendous progress that has been made in understanding the regulation of NF-κB, there is much that remains to be understood. In this review, we highlight both the progress that has been made and the fundamental questions that remain unanswered after 25 years of study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Hayden
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wang Z, Sokolovska A, Seymour R, Sundberg JP, HogenEsch H. SHARPIN is essential for cytokine production, NF-κB signaling, and induction of Th1 differentiation by dendritic cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31809. [PMID: 22348129 PMCID: PMC3279418 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous mutations of the Sharpin (SHANK-associated RH domain-interacting protein, other aliases: Rbckl1, Sipl1) gene in mice result in systemic inflammation that is characterized by chronic proliferative dermatitis and dysregulated secretion of T helper1 (Th1) and Th2 cytokines. The cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this inflammatory phenotype remain elusive. Dendritic cells may contribute to the initiation and progression of the phenotype of SHARPIN-deficient mice because of their pivotal role in innate and adaptive immunity. Here we show by flow cytometry that SHARPIN- deficiency did not alter the distribution of different DC subtypes in the spleen. In response to TOLL-like receptor (TLR) agonists LPS and poly I:C, cultured bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDC) from WT and mutant mice exhibited similar increases in expression of co-stimulatory molecules CD40, CD80, and CD86. However, stimulated SHARPIN-deficient BMDC had reduced transcription and secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators IL6, IL12P70, GMCSF, and nitric oxide. Mutant BMDC had defective activation of NF-κB signaling, whereas the MAPK1/3 (ERK1/2) and MAPK11/12/13/14 (p38 MAP kinase isoforms) and TBK1 signaling pathways were intact. A mixed lymphocyte reaction showed that mutant BMDC only induced a weak Th1 immune response but stimulated increased Th2 cytokine production from allogeneic naïve CD4(+) T cells. In conclusion, loss of Sharpin in mice significantly affects the immune function of DC and this may partially account for the systemic inflammation and Th2-biased immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Anna Sokolovska
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | | | - John P. Sundberg
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America
| | - Harm HogenEsch
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sieber S, Lange N, Kollmorgen G, Erhardt A, Quaas A, Gontarewicz A, Sass G, Tiegs G, Kreienkamp HJ. Sharpin contributes to TNFα dependent NFκB activation and anti-apoptotic signalling in hepatocytes. PLoS One 2012; 7:e29993. [PMID: 22253853 PMCID: PMC3253811 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
TNFα stimulates both pro- and anti-apoptotic signalling in hepatocytes. Anti-apoptotic signalling depends on a cascade of ubiquitylation steps leading to NFκB activation. Using Sharpin-deficient mice, we show that the ubiquitin binding protein Sharpin interacts with Hoip, an E3 ligase which generates linear ubiquitin chains. Sharpin-deficiency sensitized hepatocytes to induction of apoptosis by TNFα even in the absence of transcriptional inhibition. TNFα induced activation of NFκB was strongly reduced in hepatocytes from Sharpin-deficient mice, due to reduced and delayed phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα. Injection of TNFα-inducing lipopolysaccharides led to strongly exacerbated liver damage and premature death in Sharpin-deficient mice. Our findings point to an essential role of Sharpin in linear ubiquitin chain formation, NFκB activation, and protection of the liver against inflammatory damaging signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Sieber
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Lange
- Institut für Experimentelle Immunologie und Hepatologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gwendlyn Kollmorgen
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Annette Erhardt
- Institut für Experimentelle Immunologie und Hepatologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Quaas
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Arthur Gontarewicz
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gabriele Sass
- Institut für Experimentelle Immunologie und Hepatologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gisa Tiegs
- Institut für Experimentelle Immunologie und Hepatologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- * E-mail: (HJK); (GT)
| | - Hans-Jürgen Kreienkamp
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- * E-mail: (HJK); (GT)
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Emmerich CH, Schmukle AC, Walczak H. The Emerging Role of Linear Ubiquitination in Cell Signaling. Sci Signal 2011; 4:re5. [DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2002187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
39
|
Specific recognition of linear ubiquitin chains by the Npl4 zinc finger (NZF) domain of the HOIL-1L subunit of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:20520-5. [PMID: 22139374 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1109088108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) is a key nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway component that produces linear polyubiquitin chains. The HOIL-1L subunit of LUBAC has been shown to bind linear chains; however, detailed structural and functional analyses on the binding between LUBAC and linear chains have not been performed. In this study, we found that the Npl4 zinc finger (NZF) domain of HOIL-1L specifically binds linear polyubiquitin chains and determined the crystal structure of the HOIL-1L NZF domain in complex with linear diubiquitin at 1.7-Å resolution. The HOIL-1L NZF domain consists of a zinc-coordinating "NZF core" region and an additional α-helical "NZF tail" region. The HOIL-1L NZF core binds both the canonical Ile44-centered hydrophobic surface on the distal ubiquitin and a Phe4-centered hydrophobic patch on the proximal ubiquitin, representing a mechanism for the specific recognition of linear chains. The NZF tail binds the proximal ubiquitin to enhance the binding affinity. These recognition mechanisms were supported by the accompanying in vitro and in vivo structure-based mutagenesis experiments.
Collapse
|
40
|
SHARPIN is an endogenous inhibitor of β1-integrin activation. Nat Cell Biol 2011; 13:1315-24. [PMID: 21947080 DOI: 10.1038/ncb2340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Accepted: 08/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Regulated activation of integrins is critical for cell adhesion, motility and tissue homeostasis. Talin and kindlins activate β1-integrins, but the counteracting inhibiting mechanisms are poorly defined. We identified SHARPIN as an important inactivator of β1-integrins in an RNAi screen. SHARPIN inhibited β1-integrin functions in human cancer cells and primary leukocytes. Fibroblasts, leukocytes and keratinocytes from SHARPIN-deficient mice exhibited increased β1-integrin activity, which was fully rescued by re-expression of SHARPIN. We found that SHARPIN directly binds to a conserved cytoplasmic region of integrin α-subunits and inhibits recruitment of talin and kindlin to the integrin. Therefore, SHARPIN inhibits the critical switching of β1-integrins from inactive to active conformations.
Collapse
|
41
|
Liang Y. SHARPIN negatively associates with TRAF2-mediated NFκB activation. PLoS One 2011; 6:e21696. [PMID: 21829440 PMCID: PMC3146465 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0021696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
NFκB is an inducible transcriptional factor controlled by two principal signaling cascades and plays pivotal roles in diverse physiological processes including inflammation, apoptosis, oncogenesis, immunity, and development. Activation of NFκB signaling was detected in skin of SHAPRIN-deficient mice and can be diminished by an NFκB inhibitor. However, in vitro studies demonstrated that SHARPIN activates NFκB signaling by forming a linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex with RNF31 (HOIP) and RBCK1 (HOIL1). The inconsistency between in vivo and in vitro findings about SHARPIN's function on NFκB activation could be partially due to SHARPIN's potential interactions with downstream molecules of NFκB pathway. In this study, 17 anti-flag immunoprecipitated proteins, including TRAF2, were identified by mass spectrum analysis among Sharpin-Flag transfected mouse fibroblasts, B lymphocytes, and BALB/c LN stroma 12 cells suggesting their interaction with SHARPIN. Interaction between SHARPIN and TRAF2 confirmed previous yeast two hybridization reports that SHARPIN was one TRAF2's partners. Furthermore, luciferase-based NFκB reporter assays demonstrated that SHARPIN negatively associates with NFκB activation, which can be partly compensated by over-expression of TRAF2. These data suggested that other than activating NFκB signaling by forming ubiquitin ligase complex with RNF31 and RBCK1, SHARPIN may also negatively associate with NFκB activation via interactions with other NFκB members, such as TRAF2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Verhelst K, Verstrepen L, Carpentier I, Beyaert R. Linear ubiquitination in NF-κB signaling and inflammation: What we do understand and what we do not. Biochem Pharmacol 2011; 82:1057-65. [PMID: 21787758 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Revised: 07/03/2011] [Accepted: 07/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite its small size, ubiquitin is one of the most versatile signaling molecules in the cell and affects distinct cellular processes. It forms the building block of a repertoire of posttranslational modifications of cellular proteins, ranging from the attachment of a single ubiquitin to ubiquitin chains of different linkage. Proteins that contain ubiquitin chain-specific ubiquitin-binding domains recognize different types of ubiquitination and determine the mode of signaling of modified proteins. Polyubiquitin chains were thought to be formed only by the conjugation of the ubiquitin C-terminal Gly to one of the seven internal Lys residues of another ubiquitin. However, the C-terminal Gly was recently shown to also link to the N-terminus of another ubiquitin to form head-to-tail polyubiquitin chains, which is referred to as linear ubiquitination. These linear linkages can be assembled and conjugated to another protein by an E3 ligase complex known as LUBAC, and are recognized by a particular ubiquitin-binding domain known as UBAN. Both have been implicated in the regulation of TNF-induced NF-κB signaling, which induces the expression of a wide range of proteins that mediate many biological processes including inflammation and cell survival. We discuss the molecular players and mechanisms that determine the specificity and outcome of linear ubiquitination in NF-κB signaling, as well as future directions and challenges ahead.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Verhelst
- Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
One of the most notable discoveries in the ubiquitin system during the past decade is the extensive use of diverse chain linkages to control signaling networks. Although the utility of Lys48- and Lys63-linked chains in protein turnover and molecular assembly, respectively, are well known, we are only beginning to understand how unconventional chain linkages are formed on target proteins and how such linkages are decoded by specific binding proteins. In this review, we summarize recent efforts to elucidate the machinery and mechanisms controlling assembly of Lys11-linked and linear (or Met1-linked) ubiquitin chains, and describe current models for how these chain types function in immune signaling and cell-cycle control.
Collapse
|
44
|
Liang Y. Chronic Proliferative Dermatitis in Mice: NFκB Activation Autoinflammatory Disease. PATHOLOGY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2011; 2011:936794. [PMID: 21660243 PMCID: PMC3109521 DOI: 10.4061/2011/936794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Autoinflammatory diseases are a heterogeneous group of congenital diseases characterized by the presence of recurrent inflammation, in the absence of infectious agents, detectable autoantibodies or antigen-specific autoreactive T-cells. SHARPIN deficient mice presents multiorgan chronic inflammation without known autoantibodies or autoreactive T-cells, designated Sharpin(cpdm). Histological studies demonstrated epidermal hyperproliferation, Th-2 inflammation, and keratinocyte apoptosis in this mutant. The mutant mice have decreased behavioral mobility, slower growth, and loss of body weight. Epidermal thickness and mitotic epidermal cells increase along with disease development. K5/K14 expression is distributed through all layers of epidermis, along with K6 expression in interfollicular epidermis, suggesting epidermal hyperproliferation. K1/K10 is only detectable in outer layers of spinosum epidermis, reflecting accelerated keratinocyte migration. Alpha smooth muscle actin is overexpressed in skin blood vessels, which may release the elevated white blood cells to dermis. CD3(+)CD45(+) cells and granulocytes, especially eosinophils and mast cells, aggregate in the mutant skin. TUNEL assay, together with Annexin-V/propidium iodide FACS analysis, confirmed the increase of apoptotic keratinocytes in skin. These data validate and provide new lines of evidence of the proliferation-inflammation-apoptosis triad in Sharpin(cpdm) mice, an NFκB activation autoinflammatory disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, 15 York Street, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Gerlach B, Cordier SM, Schmukle AC, Emmerich CH, Rieser E, Haas TL, Webb AI, Rickard JA, Anderton H, Wong WWL, Nachbur U, Gangoda L, Warnken U, Purcell AW, Silke J, Walczak H. Linear ubiquitination prevents inflammation and regulates immune signalling. Nature 2011; 471:591-6. [DOI: 10.1038/nature09816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 701] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2010] [Accepted: 01/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|