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Touil Y, Segaoula Z, Thuru X, Galiègue-Zouitina S, Tierny D, Quesnel B. Aggressiveness Potential of Spontaneous Canine Mucosal Melanoma Can Dictate Distinct Cancer Stem Cell Compartment Behaviors in Regard to Their Initial Size and Expansion Abilities. Stem Cells Dev 2020; 29:919-928. [PMID: 32423311 PMCID: PMC7374591 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal melanoma represents one of the most highly metastatic and aggressive subtypes of melanoma. The biology of mucosal melanoma is poorly documented, and the lack of experimental models makes it difficult to design and test new therapies. Dogs are frequently affected by melanomas of the oral cavity, making spontaneous canine melanoma a potentially predictable model for their human counterpart. We recently established and characterized two new canine mucosal melanoma cell lines named OCR_OCMM1 and OCR_OCMM2. Here, we identified quiescent cancer stem cell (CSC) subpopulations in both canine cell lines that displayed similarities to human quiescent CSCs: canine melanoma CSCs had the ability to self-renew, produced nonstem cell (SC) progeny, and formed melanospheres that recapitulated the phenotypic profile of the parental tumor. These CSCs also formed melanoma in immunodeficient mice, and the inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling expanded the CSC pool. A subset of non-CSCs transitioned to become CSCs. OCR_OCMM1 and OCR_OCMM2 displayed different CSC compartment behaviors in regard to their initial size and expansion abilities. Collectively, this study showed that the OCR_OCMM1 and OCR_OCMM2 canine melanoma cell lines are powerful cellular tools to study melanoma SCs, not only for mucosal but also for the more common human cutaneous melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Touil
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 9020, UMR-S 1277 - Canther - Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Lille, France
| | - Zacharie Segaoula
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 9020, UMR-S 1277 - Canther - Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Lille, France.,OCR (Oncovet Clinical Research), SIRIC ONCOLille, Parc Eurasante, Loos, France
| | - Xavier Thuru
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 9020, UMR-S 1277 - Canther - Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Lille, France
| | - Sylvie Galiègue-Zouitina
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 9020, UMR-S 1277 - Canther - Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Lille, France
| | - Dominique Tierny
- OCR (Oncovet Clinical Research), SIRIC ONCOLille, Parc Eurasante, Loos, France.,Oncovet Cancer Centre, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Bruno Quesnel
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 9020, UMR-S 1277 - Canther - Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Lille, France
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Kaseb HO, Lewis DW, Saunders WS, Gollin SM. Cell division patterns and chromosomal segregation defects in oral cancer stem cells. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2016; 55:694-709. [PMID: 27123539 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a serious public health problem caused primarily by smoking and alcohol consumption or human papillomavirus. The cancer stem cell (CSC) theory posits that CSCs show unique characteristics, including self-renewal and therapeutic resistance. Examining biomarkers and other features of CSCs is critical to better understanding their biology. To this end, the results show that cellular SOX2 immunostaining correlates with other CSC biomarkers in OSCC cell lines and marks the rare CSC population. To assess whether CSC division patterns are symmetrical, resulting in two CSC, or asymmetrical, leading to one CSC and one cancer cell, cell size and fluorescence intensity of mitotic cells stained with SOX2 were analyzed. Asymmetrical SOX2 distribution in ≈25% of the mitoses analyzed was detected. Chromosomal instability, some of which is caused by chromosome segregation defects (CSDs), is a feature of cancer cells that leads to altered gene copy numbers. We compare chromosomal instability (as measured by CSDs) between CSCs (SOX2+) and non-CSCs (SOX2-) from the same OSCC cell lines. CSDs were more common in non-CSCs (SOX2-) than CSCs (SOX2+) and in symmetrical CSC (SOX2+) mitotic pairs than asymmetrical CSC (SOX2+/SOX2-) mitotic pairs. CSCs showed fewer and different types of CSDs after ionizing radiation treatment than non-CSCs. Overall, these data are the first to demonstrate both symmetrical and asymmetrical cell divisions with CSDs in OSCC CSC. Further, the results suggest that CSCs may undergo altered behavior, including therapeutic resistance as a result of chromosomal instability due to chromosome segregation defects. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem O Kaseb
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA.,Department of Clinical Pathology, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dale W Lewis
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - William S Saunders
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.,University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Susanne M Gollin
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA.,University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
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Ostyn P, El Machhour R, Begard S, Kotecki N, Vandomme J, Flamenco P, Segard P, Masselot B, Formstecher P, Touil Y, Polakowska R. Transient TNF regulates the self-renewing capacity of stem-like label-retaining cells in sphere and skin equivalent models of melanoma. Cell Commun Signal 2014; 12:52. [PMID: 25223735 PMCID: PMC4172864 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-014-0052-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well established that inflammation promotes cancer, including melanoma, although the exact mechanisms involved are less known. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that inflammatory factors affect the cancer stem cell (CSC) compartment responsible for tumor development and relapse. RESULTS Using an inducible histone 2B-GFP fusion protein as a tracer of cell divisional history, we determined that tumor necrosis factor (TNF), which is a classical pro-inflammatory cytokine, enlarged the CSC pool of GFP-positive label-retaining cells (LRCs) in tumor-like melanospheres. Although these cells acquired melanoma stem cell markers, including ABCB5 and CD271, and self-renewal ability, they lost their capacity to differentiate, as evidenced by the diminished MelanA expression in melanosphere cells and the loss of pigmentation in a skin equivalent model of human melanoma. The undifferentiated cell phenotype could be reversed by LY294002, which is an inhibitor of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and this reversal was accompanied by a significant reduction in CSC phenotypic markers and functional properties. Importantly, the changes induced by a transient exposure to TNF were long-lasting and observed for many generations after TNF withdrawal. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that pro-inflammatory TNF targets the quiescent/slow-cycling melanoma SC compartment and promotes PI3K/AKT-driven expansion of melanoma SCs most likely by preventing their asymmetrical self-renewal. This TNF effect is maintained and transferred to descendants of LRC CSCs and is manifested in the absence of TNF, suggesting that a transient exposure to inflammatory factors imprints long-lasting molecular and/or cellular changes with functional consequences long after inflammatory signal suppression. Clinically, these results may translate into an inflammation-triggered accumulation of quiescent/slow-cycling CSCs and a post-inflammatory onset of an aggressive tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Ostyn
- />Inserm U837 Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), 1, Place de Verdun 59045, Lille Cedex, France
| | - Raja El Machhour
- />Inserm U837 Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), 1, Place de Verdun 59045, Lille Cedex, France
| | - Severine Begard
- />Inserm U837 Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), 1, Place de Verdun 59045, Lille Cedex, France
| | - Nuria Kotecki
- />Inserm U837 Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), 1, Place de Verdun 59045, Lille Cedex, France
| | - Jerome Vandomme
- />Inserm U837 Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), 1, Place de Verdun 59045, Lille Cedex, France
- />Univ Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Pilar Flamenco
- />Inserm U837 Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), 1, Place de Verdun 59045, Lille Cedex, France
| | - Pascaline Segard
- />Inserm U837 Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), 1, Place de Verdun 59045, Lille Cedex, France
- />Univ Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Bernadette Masselot
- />Inserm U837 Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), 1, Place de Verdun 59045, Lille Cedex, France
- />Univ Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Pierre Formstecher
- />Inserm U837 Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), 1, Place de Verdun 59045, Lille Cedex, France
- />Univ Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France
- />CHULille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Yasmine Touil
- />Inserm U837 Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), 1, Place de Verdun 59045, Lille Cedex, France
- />SIRIC ONCOLille, Lille, France
| | - Renata Polakowska
- />Inserm U837 Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, Institut pour la Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille (IRCL), 1, Place de Verdun 59045, Lille Cedex, France
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Touil Y, Zuliani T, Wolowczuk I, Kuranda K, Prochazkova J, Andrieux J, Le Roy H, Mortier L, Vandomme J, Jouy N, Masselot B, Ségard P, Quesnel B, Formstecher P, Polakowska R. The PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway Controls the Quiescence of the Low-Rhodamine123-Retention Cell Compartment Enriched for Melanoma Stem Cell Activity. Stem Cells 2013; 31:641-51. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.1333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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