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Hu R, Li Y, Guo Y, Li X, Du S, Liao M, Hou H, Sun H, Zhao S, Su J, Chen X, Yin M. BRD4 inhibitor suppresses melanoma metastasis via the SPINK6/EGFR-EphA2 pathway. Pharmacol Res 2023; 187:106609. [PMID: 36516883 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BET inhibition or BRD4 depletion is a promising and attractive therapy for metastatic melanoma; however, the mechanism is still unclear. Here, we indicated that BET inhibition suppressed melanoma metastasis both in vitro and in vivo and identified a new mechanism by which BET inhibitors suppress melanoma metastasis by blocking the direct interaction of BRD4 and the SPINK6 enhancer. Moreover, we demonstrated that SPINK6 activated the EGFR/EphA2 complex in melanoma and the downstream ERK1/2 and AKT pathways. Thus, these results identified the SPINK6/EGFR-EphA2 axis as a new oncogenic pathway in melanoma metastasis and support the further development of BRD4 inhibitors for the treatment of metastatic melanoma in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Songtao Du
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Mengting Liao
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Health Management of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Huihui Hou
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Hongyin Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Juan Su
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
| | - Mingzhu Yin
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
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2
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Sotiropoulou G, Zingkou E, Pampalakis G. Reconstructing the epidermal proteolytic cascades in health and disease. J Pathol 2022; 257:545-560. [PMID: 35218558 DOI: 10.1002/path.5888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The epidermis is the outer stratified epithelium of the skin, forming the physical barrier that is indispensable for homeostasis. Epidermal proteolysis, mainly but not exclusively executed by kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs), is tightly regulated to ensure maintenance of physiological skin renewal and an intact skin barrier. Perturbation of epidermal proteolytic networks is implicated in a wide array of rare and common skin pathologies of diverse genetic backgrounds. Recent studies of monogenic human skin diseases and newly developed animal models have revealed new mechanisms of regulation of proteolytic pathways in epidermal physiology and in disease states. These new data have challenged some accepted views, for example the role of matriptase in epidermal desquamation, which turned out to be restricted to mouse skin. The significance of PAR2 signaling in skin inflammation should also be reconsidered in the face of recent findings. Cumulatively, recent studies necessitate a sophisticated redefinition of the proteolytic and signaling pathways that operate in human skin. We elaborate how epidermal proteolysis is finely regulated at multiple levels, and in a spatial manner that was not taken into consideration so far, in which specific proteases are confined to distinct epidermal sublayers. Of interest, transglutaminases have emerged as regulators of epidermal proteolysis and desquamation by spatially fixing endogenous protease inhibitors, constituting regulatory factors that were not recognized before. Furthermore, new evidence suggests a link between proteolysis and lipid metabolism. By synthesis of established notions and recent discoveries, we provide an up-to-date critical parathesis of current knowledge and the extended complexity of proteolysis regulation and signaling pathways in skin. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Sotiropoulou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rion-Patras, 265 04, Greece
| | - Eleni Zingkou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rion-Patras, 265 04, Greece
| | - Georgios Pampalakis
- Department of Pharmacology-Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 541 24, Greece
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3
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Liao C, Wang Q, An J, Zhang M, Chen J, Li X, Xiao L, Wang J, Long Q, Liu J, Guan X. SPINKs in Tumors: Potential Therapeutic Targets. Front Oncol 2022; 12:833741. [PMID: 35223512 PMCID: PMC8873584 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.833741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The serine protease inhibitor Kazal type (SPINK) family includes SPINK1-14 and is the largest branch in the serine protease inhibitor family. SPINKs play an important role in pancreatic physiology and disease, sperm maturation and capacitation, Nager syndrome, inflammation and the skin barrier. Evidence shows that the unregulated expression of SPINK1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 13 is closely related to human tumors. Different SPINKs exhibit various regulatory modes in different tumors and can be used as tumor prognostic markers. This article reviews the role of SPINK1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 13 in different human cancer processes and helps to identify new cancer treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Liao
- Department of Orthodontics II, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Microbial Resources and Drug Development Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, Life Sciences Institute, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiaxing An
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Minglin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Baiyun Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiaolan Li
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Microbial Resources and Drug Development Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, Life Sciences Institute, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Linlin Xiao
- Department of Orthodontics II, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Department of Orthodontics II, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qian Long
- Department of Orthodontics II, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Long, ; Xiaoyan Guan, ; Jianguo Liu,
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Department of Orthodontics II, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Long, ; Xiaoyan Guan, ; Jianguo Liu,
| | - Xiaoyan Guan
- Department of Orthodontics II, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- *Correspondence: Qian Long, ; Xiaoyan Guan, ; Jianguo Liu,
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4
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Azouz NP, Klingler AM, Pathre P, Besse JA, Baruch-Morgenstern NB, Ballaban AY, Osswald GA, Brusilovsky M, Habel JE, Caldwell JM, Ynga-Durand MA, Abonia PJ, Hu YC, Wen T, Rothenberg ME. Functional role of kallikrein 5 and proteinase-activated receptor 2 in eosinophilic esophagitis. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/545/eaaz7773. [PMID: 32461336 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaz7773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic, food antigen-driven, inflammatory disease of the esophagus and is associated with impaired barrier function. Evidence is emerging that loss of esophageal expression of the serine peptidase inhibitor, kazal type 7 (SPINK7), is an upstream event in EoE pathogenesis. Here, we provide evidence that loss of SPINK7 mediates its pro-EoE effects via kallikrein 5 (KLK5) and its substrate, protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2). Overexpression of KLK5 in differentiated esophageal epithelial cells recapitulated the effect of SPINK7 gene silencing, including barrier impairment and loss of desmoglein-1 expression. Conversely, KLK5 deficiency attenuated allergen-induced esophageal protease activity, modified commensal microbiome composition, and attenuated eosinophilia in a murine model of EoE. Inhibition of PAR2 blunted the cytokine production associated with loss of SPINK7 in epithelial cells and attenuated the allergen-induced esophageal eosinophilia in vivo. Clinical samples substantiated dysregulated PAR2 expression in the esophagus of patients with EoE, and delivery of the clinically approved drug α1 antitrypsin (A1AT, a protease inhibitor) inhibited experimental EoE. These findings demonstrate a role for the balance between KLK5 and protease inhibitors in the esophagus and highlight EoE as a protease-mediated disease. We suggest that antagonizing KLK5 and/or PAR2 has potential to be therapeutic for EoE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurit P Azouz
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA
| | - Andrea M Klingler
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA
| | - Purnima Pathre
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA
| | - John A Besse
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA
| | - Netali Ben Baruch-Morgenstern
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA
| | - Adina Y Ballaban
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA
| | - Garrett A Osswald
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA
| | - Michael Brusilovsky
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA
| | - Jeff E Habel
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA
| | - Julie M Caldwell
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA
| | - Mario A Ynga-Durand
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA.,Laboratorio de Inmunidad de Mucosas, Sección de Investigación y Posgrado, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Pablo J Abonia
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA
| | - Yueh-Chiang Hu
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA
| | - Ting Wen
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA
| | - Marc E Rothenberg
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA.
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5
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Davis A, Greenwold MJ. Evolution of an Epidermal Differentiation Complex (EDC) Gene Family in Birds. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12050767. [PMID: 34069986 PMCID: PMC8157837 DOI: 10.3390/genes12050767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The transition of amniotes to a fully terrestrial lifestyle involved the adaptation of major molecular innovations to the epidermis, often in the form of epidermal appendages such as hair, scales and feathers. Feathers are diverse epidermal structures of birds, and their evolution has played a key role in the expansion of avian species to a wide range of lifestyles and habitats. As with other epidermal appendages, feather development is a complex process which involves many different genetic and protein elements. In mammals, many of the genetic elements involved in epidermal development are located at a specific genetic locus known as the epidermal differentiation complex (EDC). Studies have identified a homologous EDC locus in birds, which contains several genes expressed throughout epidermal and feather development. A family of avian EDC genes rich in aromatic amino acids that also contain MTF amino acid motifs (EDAAs/EDMTFs), that includes the previously reported histidine-rich or fast-protein (HRP/fp), an important marker in feather development, has expanded significantly in birds. Here, we characterize the EDAA gene family in birds and investigate the evolutionary history and possible functions of EDAA genes using phylogenetic and sequence analyses. We provide evidence that the EDAA gene family originated in an early archosaur ancestor, and has since expanded in birds, crocodiles and turtles, respectively. Furthermore, this study shows that the respective amino acid compositions of avian EDAAs are characteristic of structural functions associated with EDC genes and feather development. Finally, these results support the hypothesis that the genes of the EDC have evolved through tandem duplication and diversification, which has contributed to the evolution of the intricate avian epidermis and epidermal appendages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Davis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA;
| | - Matthew J. Greenwold
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA;
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75799, USA
- Correspondence:
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6
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Chermnykh ES, Alpeeva EV, Vorotelyak EA. Transglutaminase 3: The Involvement in Epithelial Differentiation and Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9091996. [PMID: 32872587 PMCID: PMC7563467 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Transglutaminases (TGMs) contribute to the formation of rigid, insoluble macromolecular complexes, which are essential for the epidermis and hair follicles to perform protective and barrier functions against the environment. During differentiation, epidermal keratinocytes undergo structural alterations being transformed into cornified cells, which constitute a highly tough outermost layer of the epidermis, the stratum corneum. Similar processes occur during the hardening of the hair follicle and the hair shaft, which is provided by the enzymatic cross-linking of the structural proteins and keratin intermediate filaments. TGM3, also known as epidermal TGM, is one of the pivotal enzymes responsible for the formation of protein polymers in the epidermis and the hair follicle. Numerous studies have shown that TGM3 is extensively involved in epidermal and hair follicle physiology and pathology. However, the roles of TGM3, its substrates, and its importance for the integument system are not fully understood. Here, we summarize the main advances that have recently been achieved in TGM3 analyses in skin and hair follicle biology and also in understanding the functional role of TGM3 in human tumor pathology as well as the reliability of its prognostic clinical usage as a cancer diagnosis biomarker. This review also focuses on human and murine hair follicle abnormalities connected with TGM3 mutations.
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7
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Jeong J, Lee B, Kim J, Kim J, Hong SH, Kim D, Choi S, Cho BN, Cho C. Expressional and functional analyses of epididymal SPINKs in mice. Gene Expr Patterns 2019; 31:18-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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8
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Joly F, Deret S, Gamboa B, Menigot C, Fogel P, Mounier C, Reiniche P, Sidou F, Aubert J, Lear J, Fryer AA, Zolezzi F, Voegel JJ. Photodynamic therapy corrects abnormal cancer-associated gene expression observed in actinic keratosis lesions and induces a remodeling effect in photodamaged skin. J Dermatol Sci 2018; 91:S0923-1811(17)30775-2. [PMID: 29779986 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Actinic keratoses (AK) are proliferations of neoplastic keratinocytes in the epidermis resulting from cumulative exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR), which are liable to transform into squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Organ Transplant Recipients (OTR) have an increased risk of developing SCC as a consequence of long-term immunosuppressive therapy. The aim of this study was to determine the molecular signature of AKs from OTR prior to treatment with methyl aminolevulinate-photodynamic therapy (MAL-PDT), and to assess what impact the treatment has on promoting remodeling of the photo-damaged skin. METHODS Seven patients were enrolled on a clinical trial to assess the effect of MAL-PDT with biopsies taken at screening prior to the first treatment session (week 1), and six weeks after completion of final treatment (week 18). Whole-genome gene expression analysis was carried out on skin biopsies isolated from an AK lesion, an area surrounding the lesion, and a non-sun exposed region of the body. Quantitative PCR was utilized to confirm the differential expression of key genes. RESULTS MAL-PDT treatment corrected abnormal proliferation-related gene profiles, corrected aberrantly expressed cancer-associated genes and induced expression of dermal extracellular matrix genes in photo-exposed skin. CONCLUSION The efficacy of the MAL-PDT on AK lesions was confirmed at whole-genome gene expression level. A transcriptional signature of remodeling, identified through assessing the effect of MAL-PDT on photodamaged skin, supports the use of MAL-PDT for treating photodamaged skin and field cancerized areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sophie Deret
- GALDERMA R&D, 06902 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France
| | | | | | - Paul Fogel
- Independent Consultant, Paris 75006, France
| | | | | | | | | | - John Lear
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, MAHSC, Manchester University and Salford Royal NHS Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Anthony A Fryer
- Institute for Applied Clinical Sciences, Keele University, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Thornburrow Drive, Hartshill, Stoke-on-Trent Staffordshire, ST4 7QB, UK
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9
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Ge K, Huang J, Wang W, Gu M, Dai X, Xu Y, Wu H, Li G, Lu H, Zhong J, Huang Q. Serine protease inhibitor kazal-type 6 inhibits tumorigenesis of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells via its extracellular action. Oncotarget 2018; 8:5965-5975. [PMID: 27999203 PMCID: PMC5351605 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) causes significant medical burdens worldwide. Diagnosis, especially in the early stages, is still challenging. Therapeutic options are limited and often ineffective. Although several risk factors have been known important for development of HCC, the molecular basis of the process is rather complex and has not been fully understood. We have found that a subpopulation of HCC cells which are resistant to oncolytic parvovirus H1 superinfection highly express serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 6 (SPINK6). This protein is specifically reduced in all HCC cell lines and tissues we analyzed. When upregulated, SPINK6 could suppress the malignant phenotypes of the HCC cells in several in vitro models. The putative tumor suppression role of SPINK6 is, however, independent of its protease inhibitory activity. To suppress the malignancy of HCC cells, SPINK6 has to be secreted to trigger signals which regulate an intracellular signaling molecule, ERK1/2, as well as a series of downstream factors involved in cell cycle progression, apoptosis and migration. Our study supports that SPINK6 is an important tumor suppressor in liver, and further investigations may help develop more effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuikui Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jinjiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Meigang Gu
- Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease Center for the Study of Hepatitis C, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Xinchuan Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yuqiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hongyu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Shanghai High-Tech United Bio-Technological R&D Co., Ltd, Shanghai 201206, China
| | - Guodong Li
- Shanghai High-Tech United Bio-Technological R&D Co., Ltd, Shanghai 201206, China
| | - Hairong Lu
- Shanghai High-Tech United Bio-Technological R&D Co., Ltd, Shanghai 201206, China
| | - Jiang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qingshan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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10
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Fischer J, Meyer-Hoffert U. Regulation of kallikrein-related peptidases in the skin – from physiology to diseases to therapeutic options. Thromb Haemost 2017; 110:442-9. [DOI: 10.1160/th12-11-0836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SummaryKallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) constitute a family of 15 highly conserved serine proteases, which show a tissue-specific expression profile. This made them valuable tumour expression markers. It became evident that KLKs are involved in many physiological processes like semen liquefaction and skin desquamation. More recently, we have learnt that they are involved in many pathophysiological conditions and diseases making them promising target of therapeutic intervention. Therefore, regulation of KLKs raised the interest of numerous reports. Herein, we summarise the current knowledge on KLKs regulation with an emphasis on skin-relevant KLKs regulation processes. Regulation of KLKs takes place on the level of transcription, on protease activation and on protease inactivation. A variety of protease inhibitors has been described to interact with KLKs including the irreversible serine protease inhibitors (SERPINs) and the reversible serine protease inhibitors of Kazal-type (SPINKs). In an attempt to integrate current knowledge, we propose that KLK regulation has credentials as targets for therapeutic intervention.
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11
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Enhanced Proteolytic Activities in Acral Peeling Skin Syndrome: A Role of Transglutaminase 5 in Epidermal Homeostasis. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:1808-1811. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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12
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Abdayem R, Formanek F, Minondo AM, Potter A, Haftek M. Cell surface glycans in the human
stratum corneum
: distribution and depth‐related changes. Exp Dermatol 2016; 25:865-871. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.13070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rawad Abdayem
- University of Lyon1 EA4169 “Fundamental, Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects of Skin Barrier Function” Lyon France
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation Aulnay sous Bois France
| | | | | | - Anne Potter
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation Aulnay sous Bois France
| | - Marek Haftek
- University of Lyon1 EA4169 “Fundamental, Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects of Skin Barrier Function” Lyon France
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13
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Zheng LS, Yang JP, Cao Y, Peng LX, Sun R, Xie P, Wang MY, Meng DF, Luo DH, Zou X, Chen MY, Mai HQ, Guo L, Guo X, Shao JY, Huang BJ, Zhang W, Qian CN. SPINK6 Promotes Metastasis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma via Binding and Activation of Epithelial Growth Factor Receptor. Cancer Res 2016; 77:579-589. [PMID: 27671677 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-1281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma has the highest rate of metastasis among head and neck cancers, and distant metastasis is the major reason for treatment failure. The underlying molecular mechanisms of nasopharyngeal carcinoma metastasis are not fully understood. Here, we report the identification of serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 6 (SPINK6) as a functional regulator of nasopharyngeal carcinoma metastasis via EGFR signaling. SPINK6 mRNA was upregulated in tumor and highly metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Immunohistochemical staining of 534 nasopharyngeal carcinomas revealed elevated SPINK6 expression as an independent unfavorable prognostic factor for overall, disease-free, and distant metastasis-free survival. Ectopic SPINK6 expression promoted in vitro migration and invasion as well as in vivo lymph node metastasis and liver metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, whereas silencing SPINK6 exhibited opposing effects. SPINK6 enhanced epithelial-mesenchymal transition by activating EGFR and the downstream AKT pathway. Inhibition of EGFR with a neutralizing antibody or erlotinib reversed SPINK6-induced nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell migration and invasion. Erlotinib also inhibited SPINK6-induced metastasis in vivo Notably, SPINK6 bound to the EGFR extracellular domain independent of serine protease-inhibitory activity. Overall, our results identified a novel EGFR-activating mechanism in which SPINK6 has a critical role in promoting nasopharyngeal carcinoma metastasis, with possible implications as a prognostic indicator in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. Cancer Res; 77(2); 579-89. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Sheng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Ping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Xia Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Yao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Radiotherapy Department, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Fang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Hua Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiong Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Qiang Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Yong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bi-Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Cancer Biology, Comprehensive Cancer Center of Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Chao-Nan Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Plaza K, Kalinska M, Bochenska O, Meyer-Hoffert U, Wu Z, Fischer J, Falkowski K, Sasiadek L, Bielecka E, Potempa B, Kozik A, Potempa J, Kantyka T. Gingipains of Porphyromonas gingivalis Affect the Stability and Function of Serine Protease Inhibitor of Kazal-type 6 (SPINK6), a Tissue Inhibitor of Human Kallikreins. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:18753-64. [PMID: 27354280 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.722942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis, a chronic inflammation driven by dysbiotic subgingival bacterial flora, is linked on clinical levels to the development of a number of systemic diseases and to the development of oral and gastric tract tumors. A key pathogen, Porphyromonas gingivalis, secretes gingipains, cysteine proteases implicated as the main factors in the development of periodontitis. Here we hypothesize that gingipains may be linked to systemic pathologies through the deregulation of kallikrein-like proteinase (KLK) family members. KLKs are implicated in cancer development and are clinically utilized as tumor progression markers. In tissues, KLK activity is strictly controlled by a limited number of tissue-specific inhibitors, including SPINK6, an inhibitor of these proteases in skin and oral epithelium. Here we identify gingipains as the only P. gingivalis proteases responsible for SPINK6 degradation. We further show that gingipains, even at low nanomolar concentrations, cleaved SPINK6 in concentration- and time-dependent manner. The proteolysis was accompanied by loss of inhibition against KLK13. We also mapped the cleavage by Arg-specific gingipains to the reactive site loop of the SPINK6 inhibitor. Moreover, we identified a significant fraction of SPINK6-sensitive proteases in healthy saliva and confirmed the ability of gingipains to inactivate SPINK6 under ex vivo conditions. Finally, we demonstrate the double-edge action of gingipains, which, in addition, can activate KLKs because of gingipain K-mediated proteolytic processing of the zymogenic proform of KLK13. Altogether, the results indicate the potential of P. gingivalis to disrupt the control system of KLKs, providing a possible mechanistic link between periodontal disease and tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Oliwia Bochenska
- Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Biotechnology, and
| | - Ulf Meyer-Hoffert
- the Department of Dermatology, University Clinic Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany, and
| | - Zhihong Wu
- the Department of Dermatology, University Clinic Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany, and
| | - Jan Fischer
- the Department of Dermatology, University Clinic Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany, and
| | | | | | | | - Barbara Potempa
- the Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
| | - Andrzej Kozik
- Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Biotechnology, and
| | - Jan Potempa
- From the Departments of Microbiology and the Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
| | - Tomasz Kantyka
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
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15
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Jung S, Fischer J, Spudy B, Kerkow T, Sönnichsen FD, Xue L, Bonvin AMJJ, Goettig P, Magdolen V, Meyer-Hoffert U, Grötzinger J. The solution structure of the kallikrein-related peptidases inhibitor SPINK6. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 471:103-8. [PMID: 26828269 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.01.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) are crucial for epidermal barrier function and are involved in the proteolytic regulation of the desquamation process. Elevated KLK levels were reported in atopic dermatitis. In skin, the proteolytic activity of KLKs is regulated by specific inhibitors of the serine protease inhibitor of Kazal-type (SPINK) family. SPINK6 was shown to be expressed in human stratum corneum and is able to inhibit several KLKs such as KLK4, -5, -12, -13 and -14. In order to understand the structural traits of the specific inhibition we solved the structure of SPINK6 in solution by NMR-spectroscopy and studied its interaction with KLKs. Thereby, beside the conserved binding mode, we identified an alternate binding mode which has so far not been observed for SPINK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Jung
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Olshausenstr. 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan Fischer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Björn Spudy
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Olshausenstr. 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Tim Kerkow
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Olshausenstr. 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Frank D Sönnichsen
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Olshausenstr. 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Li Xue
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science - Chemistry, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandre M J J Bonvin
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science - Chemistry, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Goettig
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Viktor Magdolen
- Klinische Forschergruppe der Frauenklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TU München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulf Meyer-Hoffert
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Joachim Grötzinger
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University, Olshausenstr. 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany.
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16
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Kallikreins - The melting pot of activity and function. Biochimie 2015; 122:270-82. [PMID: 26408415 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The human tissue kallikrein and kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs), encoded by the largest contiguous cluster of protease genes in the human genome, are secreted serine proteases with diverse expression patterns and physiological roles. Because of the broad spectrum of processes that are modulated by kallikreins, these proteases are the subject of extensive investigations. This review brings together basic information about the biochemical properties affecting enzymatic activity, with highlights on post-translational modifications, especially glycosylation. Additionally, we present the current state of knowledge regarding the physiological functions of KLKs in major human organs and outline recent discoveries pertinent to the involvement of kallikreins in cell signaling and in viral infections. Despite the current depth of knowledge of these enzymes, many questions regarding the roles of kallikreins in health and disease remain unanswered.
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17
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Rawlings AV. Molecular basis for stratum corneum maturation and moisturization. Br J Dermatol 2015; 171 Suppl 3:19-28. [PMID: 25234174 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This themed edition of BJD is dedicated to the work of Professor Ronald Marks for his untiring work on the understanding of stratum corneum (SC) structure and function. He and his coworkers, in my opinion, had the right focus for cosmetic dermatology issues. Namely, consumers experience the wonderful properties of the SC through sight, touch and the somatosensory system. They do not experience, for example, transepidermal water loss and skin conductance or capacitance! Marks understood this and set about developing the methodologies to examine the changes in SC architecture and function when desquamation goes haywire. More importantly, he understood that moisturizers do far more than simply hydrate the SC, as exemplified in the paper by Tree and Marks, 'An explanation for the placebo effect of bland ointment bases.' Moisturizing ingredients influence the properties of the SC in many ways with the sole purpose of overcoming the signs and symptoms of dry skin. Marks demonstrated the decrease in SC cohesion following use of hydrating agents, which led to the mechanistic work on the effects of a simple molecule like glycerol on the desquamatory process. In further exploiting forced desquamation and use of abrasion, he showed that improvements in exfoliation contribute to the mitigation of the signs of photodamaged skin, which can explain part of the antiageing effect of simple moisturizers. It is here that I should point out that at least this particular author in 1988 was 'standing on the shoulders of' a great corneologist whose work influenced his research directions. So this paper will provide an update on the latest developments for the molecular basis of SC maturation and moisturization, while highlighting the contributions of Professor Marks in the different areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Rawlings
- AVR Consulting Ltd, 26 Shavington Way, Northwich, Cheshire, CW9 8FH, U.K
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18
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van der Velden JJAJ, van Geel M, Nellen RGL, Jonkman MF, McGrath JA, Nanda A, Sprecher E, van Steensel MAM, McLean WHI, Cassidy AJ. Novel TGM5 mutations in acral peeling skin syndrome. Exp Dermatol 2015; 24:285-9. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.12650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaap J. A. J. van der Velden
- Department of Dermatology; Maastricht University Medical Center+; Maastricht The Netherlands
- GROW Research School for Oncology and Developmental Biology; Maastricht University Medical Center+; Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Michel van Geel
- Department of Dermatology; Maastricht University Medical Center+; Maastricht The Netherlands
- GROW Research School for Oncology and Developmental Biology; Maastricht University Medical Center+; Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Ruud G. L. Nellen
- Department of Dermatology; Maastricht University Medical Center+; Maastricht The Netherlands
- GROW Research School for Oncology and Developmental Biology; Maastricht University Medical Center+; Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Marcel F. Jonkman
- Department of Dermatology; University Medical Center Groningen; University of Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
| | - John A. McGrath
- St John's Institute of Dermatology; King's College London (Guy's Campus); London UK
| | - Arti Nanda
- As'ad Al-Hamad Dermatology Center; Al-Sabah Hospital; Kuwait City Kuwait
| | - Eli Sprecher
- Department of Dermatology; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Maurice A. M. van Steensel
- Department of Dermatology; Maastricht University Medical Center+; Maastricht The Netherlands
- GROW Research School for Oncology and Developmental Biology; Maastricht University Medical Center+; Maastricht The Netherlands
- Institute of Medical Biology; Immunos; Singapore Singapore
| | - W. H. Irwin McLean
- Centre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine; Colleges of Life Sciences and Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing; Medical Sciences Institute; Dundee UK
| | - Andrew J. Cassidy
- Centre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine; Colleges of Life Sciences and Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing; Medical Sciences Institute; Dundee UK
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19
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Ishida-Yamamoto A, Igawa S. The biology and regulation of corneodesmosomes. Cell Tissue Res 2014; 360:477-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-2037-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Wang Z, Griffin M. The role of TG2 in regulating S100A4-mediated mammary tumour cell migration. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57017. [PMID: 23469180 PMCID: PMC3585722 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of S100A4, a Ca(2+)-binding protein, in mediating tumour cell migration, both intracellularly and extracellularly, is well documented. Tissue transglutaminase (TG2) a Ca(2+)-dependent protein crosslinking enzyme, has also been shown to enhance cell migration. Here by using the well characterised non-metastatic rat mammary R37 cells (transfected with empty vector) and highly metastatic KP1 cells (R37 cells transfected with S100A4), we demonstrate that inhibition of TG2 either by TG2 inhibitors or transfection of cells with TG2 shRNA block S100A4-accelerated cell migration in the KP1cells and in R37 cells treated with exogenous S100A4. Cell migration was also blocked by the treatment with the non-cell permeabilizing TG2 inhibitor R294, in the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 (Clone 16, which has a high level of TG2 expression). Inhibition was paralleled by a decrease in S100A4 polymer formation. In vitro co-immunoprecipitation and Far Western blotting assays and cross-linking assays showed not only the direct interaction between TG2 and S100A4, but also confirmed S100A4 as a substrate for TG2. Using specific functional blocking antibodies, a targeting peptide and a recombinant protein as a competitive treatment, we revealed the involvement of syndecan-4 and α5β1 integrin co-signalling pathways linked by activation of PKCα in this TG2 and S100A4-mediated cell migration. We propose a mechanism for TG2-regulated S100A4-related mediated cell migration, which is dependent on TG2 crosslinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Griffin
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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