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Liu M, Lu F, Feng J. Aging and homeostasis of the hypodermis in the age-related deterioration of skin function. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:443. [PMID: 38914551 PMCID: PMC11196735 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06818-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Adipose tissues in the hypodermis, the crucial stem cell reservoir in the skin and the endocrine organ for the maintenance of skin homeostasis undergo significant changes during skin aging. Dermal white adipose tissue (dWAT) has recently been recognized as an important organ for both non-metabolic and metabolic health in skin regeneration and rejuvenation. Defective differentiation, adipogenesis, improper adipocytokine production, and immunological dissonance dysfunction in dWAT lead to age-associated clinical changes. Here, we review age-related alterations in dWAT across levels, emphasizing the mechanisms underlying the regulation of aging. We also discuss the pathogenic changes involved in age-related fat dysfunction and the unfavorable consequences of accelerated skin aging, such as chronic inflammaging, immunosenescence, delayed wound healing, and fibrosis. Research has shown that adipose aging is an early initiation event and a potential target for extending longevity. We believe that adipose tissues play an essential role in aging and form a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of age-related skin diseases. Further research is needed to improve our understanding of this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqi Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwei Feng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou North Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Heydari P, Kharaziha M, Varshosaz J, Kharazi AZ, Javanmard SH. Co-release of nitric oxide and L-arginine from poly (β-amino ester)-based adhesive reprogram macrophages for accelerated wound healing and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 158:213762. [PMID: 38227989 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Recently, insufficient angiogenesis and prolonged inflammation are crucial challenges of chronic skin wound healing. The sustained release of L-Arginine (L-Arg) and nitric oxide (NO) production can control immune responses, improve angiogenesis, enhance re-epithelialization, and accelerate wound healing. Here, we aim to improve wound healing via the controlled release of NO and L-Arg from poly (β-amino ester) (PβAE). In this regard, PβAE is functionalized with methacrylate poly-L-Arg (PAMA), and the role of PAMA content (50, 66, and 75 wt%) on the adhesive properties, L-Arg, and NO release, as well as collagen deposition, inflammatory responses, and angiogenesis, is investigated in vitro and in vivo. Results show that the PAMA/ PβAE could provide suitable adhesive strength (~25 kPa) for wound healing application. In addition, increasing the PAMA content from 50 to 75 wt% results in an increased release of L-Arg (approximately 1.4-1.7 times) and enhanced NO production (approximately 2 times), promoting skin cell proliferation and migration. The in vitro studies also show that compared to PβAE hydrogel, incorporation of 66 wt% PAMA (PAMA 66 sample) reveals superior collagen I synthesis (~ 3-4 times) of fibroblasts, controlled pro-inflammatory and improved anti-inflammatory cytokines secretion of macrophages, and accelerated angiogenesis (~1.5-2 times). In vivo studies in a rat model with a full-thickness skin defect also demonstrate the PAMA66 sample could accelerate wound healing (~98 %) and angiogenesis, compared to control (untreated wound) and Tegaderm™ commercial wound dressing. In summary, the engineered multifunctional PAMA functionalized PβAE hydrogel with desired NO and L-Arg release, and adhesive properties can potentially reprogram macrophages and accelerate skin healing for chronic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Heydari
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran; Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahshid Kharaziha
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
| | - Jaleh Varshosaz
- Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Anousheh Zargar Kharazi
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Biomaterials Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Faculty, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Isfahan, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Sudarsanam PK, Alsema EC, Beijer NRM, Kooten TV, Boer JD. Beyond Encapsulation: Exploring Macrophage-Fibroblast Cross Talk in Implant-Induced Fibrosis. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2024. [PMID: 38420650 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2023.0300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The foreign body response (FBR) and organ fibrosis are complex biological processes involving the interaction between macrophages and fibroblasts. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying macrophage-fibroblast cross talk is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate implant encapsulation, a major cause of implant failure. This article reviews the current knowledge on the role of macrophages and fibroblasts in the FBR and organ fibrosis, highlighting the similarities between these processes. The FBR is characterized by the formation of a fibrotic tissue capsule around the implant, leading to functional impairment. Various factors, including material properties such as surface chemistry, stiffness, and topography, influence the degree of encapsulation. Cross talk between macrophages and fibroblasts plays a critical role in both the FBR and organ fibrosis. However, the precise molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Macrophages secrete a wide range of cytokines that modulate fibroblast behavior such as abundant collagen deposition and myofibroblast differentiation. However, the heterogeneity of macrophages and fibroblasts and their dynamic behavior in different tissue environments add complexity to this cross talk. Experimental evidence from in vitro studies demonstrates the impact of material properties on macrophage cytokine secretion and fibroblast physiology. However, the correlation between in vitro response and in vivo encapsulation outcomes is not robust. Adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) offer a potential framework to understand and predict process complexity. AOPs describe causal relationships between measurable events leading to adverse outcomes, providing mechanistic insights for in vitro testing and predictive modeling. However, the development of an AOP for the FBR does require a comprehensive understanding of the molecular initiating events and key event relationships to identify which events are essential. In this article, we describe the current knowledge on macrophage-fibroblast cross talk in the FBR and discuss how targeted research can help build an AOP for implant-related fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phani Krishna Sudarsanam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Els C Alsema
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Nick R M Beijer
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Theo van Kooten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan de Boer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Tan Y, Zhang M, Kong Y, Zhang F, Wang Y, Huang Y, Song W, Li Z, Hou L, Liang L, Guo X, Liu Q, Feng Y, Zhang C, Fu X, Huang S. Fibroblasts and endothelial cells interplay drives hypertrophic scar formation: Insights from in vitro and in vivo models. Bioeng Transl Med 2024; 9:e10630. [PMID: 38435816 PMCID: PMC10905555 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scar formation is influenced by the intricate interplay between fibroblasts and endothelial cells. In this study, we investigated this relationship using in vitro and in vivo models. Clinical observations revealed distinct morphological changes and increased vascularity at pathological scar sites. Further analysis using OCTA, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence confirmed the involvement of angiogenesis in scar formation. Our indirect co-culture systems demonstrated that endothelial cells enhance the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts through the secretion of cytokines including VEGF, PDGF, bFGF, and TGF-β. Additionally, a suspended co-culture multicellular spheroid model revealed molecular-level changes associated with extracellular matrix remodeling, cellular behaviors, inflammatory response, and pro-angiogenic activity. Furthermore, KEGG pathway analysis identified the involvement of TGF-β, IL-17, Wnt, Notch, PI3K-Akt, and MAPK pathways in regulating fibroblasts activity. These findings underscore the critical role of fibroblasts-endothelial cells crosstalk in scar formation and provide potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying this interplay holds promise for the development of innovative approaches to treat tissue injuries and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Tan
- College of GraduateTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinPR China
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Mengde Zhang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Yi Kong
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Fanliang Zhang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Yuzhen Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Yuyan Huang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Wei Song
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Zhao Li
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Linhao Hou
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Liting Liang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Xu Guo
- College of GraduateTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinPR China
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Yu Feng
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- College of GraduateTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinPR China
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Sha Huang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research DepartmentPLA General Hospital and PLA Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
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Tan M, Wu D, Zhou Y, Duan B. Centella triterpenes cream as a potential drug for the treatment of hypertrophic scar through inhibiting the phosphorylation of STAT3: A network pharmacology analysis and in vitro experiments. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023; 22:3511-3519. [PMID: 37563868 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertrophic scars (HS) often affect the normal function and appearance of the skin and bring adverse effects to the body and mind of patients, being a challenge in the fields of burns and plastic surgery as well as rehabilitation. Despite significant efficacy of centella triterpenes cream for treating HS clinically, its pharmacodynamics and molecular targets are still unclear. Therefore, the network pharmacology analysis combined with in vitro cell molecular biology experiments was used to explore the mechanism and targets of centella triterpenes cream treating HS in this study. METHODS First, target genes of asiaticoside (AC) were obtained from the databases including the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database, similarity ensemble approach, SwissTargetPrediction and TargetNet, and HS targets were acquired from the databases like Disgenet, GeneCards, and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man. The common targets of AC-HS were obtained through plotting a Venn diagram. Subsequently, STRING 11.0 was employed for analyzing the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the common targets, and cytoscape 3.9.0 for analyzing the connectivity of PPI and plotting the network diagram of "drug-component-target". Additionally, a modified tissue culture method was applied to separate primary normal fibroblasts (NFs) in human skin and hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs). HSFs after 24-h AC treatment were subjected to MTT assay to detect cell viability, scratch assay to assess cell migration ability, and western blot to test the protein expression levels of STAT3, p-STAT3, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), collagen I (COL 1), fibronectin 1 (FN1), and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). RESULTS In network pharmacology analysis, 134 pharmacodynamic targets of AC and 2333 HS targets were obtained after retrieving the database, 50 AC-HS common targets were obtained by a Venn diagram, and a total of 178 edges and 13 core genes such as JUN and STAT3 were acquired by PPI analysis. In vitro experiments showed that the phosphorylation level of STAT3 (p-STAT3) was increased in HSFs. In addition to reducing p-STAT3 in HSFs, AC significantly inhibited the cell viability and migration of HSFs and downregulated the protein levels of TGF-β1, COL 1, FN 1, and α-SMA. CONCLUSION STAT3 can be activated in HS. AC may exert its pharmacological effects of inhibiting TGF-β1 signal transduction and regulating extracellular matrix remodeling in HS by inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation. However, the specific molecular mechanism of AC remains to be verified through further experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Tan
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanshijing Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Duan
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Lingxia Z, Hong W, Man G, Xinzhou W, Lili W, Zhimin W, Liping D, Erping X. Rabdosichuanin C inhibits productions of pro-inflammatory mediators regulated by NF-κB signaling in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. J Cell Biochem 2023; 124:1667-1684. [PMID: 37850620 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pharyngitis (CP) is an inflammatory disease of the pharyngeal mucosa and its lymphatic tissues that is difficult to treat clinically. However, research on the exact therapeutic agents and molecular mechanisms of CP is still unclear. In this study, we investigated Rabdosichuanin C (RC) to attenuate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory damage in RAW264.7 cells by a combination of targeted virtual screening and in vitro activity assay and further clarified its molecular mechanism of action centering on the IκB/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Molecular docking and pharmacophore simulation methods were used to screen compounds with IκB inhibitory effects. Expression of genes and proteins related to the IκB/NF-κB signaling pathway by RC in LPS-induced inflammatory injury model of RAW264.7 cells was detected by PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blot. The docking of RC with IκB protein showed good binding energy, and pharmacophore simulations further confirmed the active effect of RC in inhibiting IκB protein. RC intervention in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells significantly reduced the expression levels of inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukins-6, iNOS, and CD-86 at the messenger RNA and protein levels, downregulated IκB, p65 protein phosphorylation levels, and significantly inhibited IκB/NF-κB signaling pathway activation. Virtual screening provided us with an effective method to rapidly identify compounds RC that target inhibit the action of IκB, and the activity results showed that RC inhibits NF-κB signaling pathway activation. It is suggested that RC may play a role in the treatment of CP by inhibiting the IκB/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Lingxia
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wu Hong
- Laboratory of Cell Imaging, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Gong Man
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wang Xinzhou
- Laboratory of Cell Imaging, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wang Lili
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wang Zhimin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dai Liping
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xu Erping
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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7
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Walter AS, Volkmer E, Gauglitz G, Böcker W, Saller MM. Systematic review of molecular pathways in burn wound healing. Burns 2023; 49:1525-1533. [PMID: 37821280 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Depending on extent and depth, burn injuries and resulting scars may be challenging and expensive to treat and above all heavily impact the patients' lives. This systematic review represents the current state of knowledge on molecular pathways activated during burn wound healing. All currently known molecular information about gene expression and molecular interactions in mammals has been summarized. An ample interaction of regenerative cytokines, growth factors, ECM-regenerative molecules and proinflammatory immune response became apparent. We identified three molecules to be most often involved in the pathways: TGFB1, ACTA1 and COL1A1. Yet, other factors including FLII, AKT1 and miR-145 were shown to play pivotal roles in burn wound healing as well. This systematic review helps to explain the fundamental molecular proceedings participating in burn wound healing. A number of new molecular interactions and functional connections were identified yielding intriguing new research targets. An interactive version of the first network about molecular pathways and interactions during burn wound healing is provided in the online edition and on WikiPathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika S Walter
- Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), Department of Orthopeadics and Trauma Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Fraunhoferstraße 20, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Elias Volkmer
- Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), Department of Orthopeadics and Trauma Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Fraunhoferstraße 20, 82152 Martinsried, Germany; Division of Hand Surgery, Helios Klinikum München West, Steinerweg 5, 81241 Munich, Germany
| | - Gerd Gauglitz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Ludwig-Maximillians-University (LMU), Frauenlobstraße 9-11, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Böcker
- Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), Department of Orthopeadics and Trauma Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Fraunhoferstraße 20, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Maximilian M Saller
- Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), Department of Orthopeadics and Trauma Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Fraunhoferstraße 20, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.
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8
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Singh P, Ali SN, Zaheer S, Singh M. Cellular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of interstitial lung diseases. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154691. [PMID: 37480596 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
The interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are a large, heterogeneous group of several hundred generally rare pulmonary pathologies, which show injury, inflammation and/or scarring in the lung. Although the aetiology of these disorders remains largely unknown, various cellular mechanisms have an important role in pathogenesis of fibrosis on the background of occupational, environmental and genetic factors. We have tried to provide new insights into the interactions and cellular contributions, analysing the roles of various cells in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Singh
- Department of Pathology, VMMC, and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Saba Naaz Ali
- Department of Pathology, VMMC, and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Sufian Zaheer
- Department of Pathology, VMMC, and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi, India.
| | - Mukul Singh
- Department of Pathology, VMMC, and Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi, India
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9
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Rohrer KA, Song H, Akbar A, Chen Y, Pramanik S, Wilder PJ, McIntyre EM, Chaturvedi NK, Bhakat KK, Rizzino A, Coulter DW, Ray S. STAT3 Inhibition Attenuates MYC Expression by Modulating Co-Activator Recruitment and Suppresses Medulloblastoma Tumor Growth by Augmenting Cisplatin Efficacy In Vivo. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082239. [PMID: 37190167 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
MB is a common childhood malignancy of the central nervous system, with significant morbidity and mortality. Among the four molecular subgroups, MYC-amplified Group 3 MB is the most aggressive type and has the worst prognosis due to therapy resistance. The present study aimed to investigate the role of activated STAT3 in promoting MB pathogenesis and chemoresistance via inducing the cancer hallmark MYC oncogene. Targeting STAT3 function either by inducible genetic knockdown (KD) or with a clinically relevant small molecule inhibitor reduced tumorigenic attributes in MB cells, including survival, proliferation, anti-apoptosis, migration, stemness and expression of MYC and its targets. STAT3 inhibition attenuates MYC expression by affecting recruitment of histone acetyltransferase p300, thereby reducing enrichment of H3K27 acetylation in the MYC promoter. Concomitantly, it also decreases the occupancy of the bromodomain containing protein-4 (BRD4) and phosphoSer2-RNA Pol II (pSer2-RNAPol II) on MYC, resulting in reduced transcription. Importantly, inhibition of STAT3 signaling significantly attenuated MB tumor growth in subcutaneous and intracranial orthotopic xenografts, increased the sensitivity of MB tumors to cisplatin, and improved the survival of mice bearing high-risk MYC-amplified tumors. Together, the results of our study demonstrate that targeting STAT3 may be a promising adjuvant therapy and chemo-sensitizer to augment treatment efficacy, reduce therapy-related toxicity and improve quality of life in high-risk pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle A Rohrer
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology Division, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Heyu Song
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Anum Akbar
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology Division, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Child Health Research Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Yingling Chen
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Suravi Pramanik
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Phillip J Wilder
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Erin M McIntyre
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology Division, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Child Health Research Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Nagendra K Chaturvedi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology Division, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Child Health Research Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Kishor K Bhakat
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Child Health Research Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Angie Rizzino
- Child Health Research Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Don W Coulter
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology Division, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Child Health Research Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Sutapa Ray
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology Division, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Child Health Research Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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10
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Tunali G, Yanik H, Ozturk SC, Demirkol-Canli S, Efthymiou G, Yilmaz KB, Van Obberghen-Schilling E, Esendagli G. A positive feedback loop driven by fibronectin and IL-1β sustains the inflammatory microenvironment in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:27. [PMID: 36922898 PMCID: PMC10015813 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01629-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory alterations of the extracellular matrix shape the tumor microenvironment and promote all stages of carcinogenesis. This study aims to determine the impact of cellular fibronectin on inflammatory facets of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in breast cancer. Cellular fibronectin (FN) harboring the alternatively spliced extra domain A (FN-EDA) was determined to be a matrix component produced by the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. High levels of FN-EDA correlated with poor survival in breast cancer patients. The proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β enhanced the expression of cellular fibronectin including FN-EDA. TAMs were frequently observed in the tumor areas rich in FN-EDA. Conditioned media from TNBC cells induced the differentiation of CD206+CD163+ macrophages and stimulated the STAT3 pathway, ex vivo. In the macrophages, the STAT3 pathway enhanced FN-EDA-induced IL-1β secretion and NF-κB signaling. In conclusion, our data indicate a self-reinforcing mechanism sustained by FN-EDA and IL-1β through NF-κB and STAT3 signaling in TAMs which fosters an inflammatory environment in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurcan Tunali
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey. .,Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Hamdullah Yanik
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Can Ozturk
- Research and Application Center for Animal Experiments, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Secil Demirkol-Canli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Division of Tumor Pathology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Kerim Bora Yilmaz
- Department of General Surgery, Gulhane Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Gunes Esendagli
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey.
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11
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Mony MP, Harmon KA, Hess R, Dorafshar AH, Shafikhani SH. An Updated Review of Hypertrophic Scarring. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050678. [PMID: 36899815 PMCID: PMC10000648 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scarring (HTS) is an aberrant form of wound healing that is associated with excessive deposition of extracellular matrix and connective tissue at the site of injury. In this review article, we provide an overview of normal (acute) wound healing phases (hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling). We next discuss the dysregulated and/or impaired mechanisms in wound healing phases that are associated with HTS development. We next discuss the animal models of HTS and their limitations, and review the current and emerging treatments of HTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjula P. Mony
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Kelly A. Harmon
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Ryan Hess
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Amir H. Dorafshar
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Sasha H. Shafikhani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology and Cell Therapy, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Cancer Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Correspondence:
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12
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Matrix protein Tenascin-C promotes kidney fibrosis via STAT3 activation in response to tubular injury. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:1044. [PMID: 36522320 PMCID: PMC9755308 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05496-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that the extracellular matrix (ECM) is not only a consequence of fibrosis, but also contributes to the progression of fibrosis, by creating a profibrotic microenvironment. Tenascin-C (TNC) is an ECM glycoprotein that contains multiple functional domains. We showed that following kidney injury, TNC was markedly induced in fibrotic areas in the kidney from both mouse models and humans with kidney diseases. Genetically deletion of TNC in mice significantly attenuated unilateral ureteral obstruction-induced kidney fibrosis. Further studies showed that TNC promoted the proliferation of kidney interstitial cells via STAT3 activation. TNC-expressing cells in fibrotic kidney were activated fibroblast 2 (Act.Fib2) subpopulation, according to a previously generated single nucleus RNA-seq dataset profiling kidney of mouse UUO model at day 14. To identify and characterize TNC-expressing cells, we generated a TNC-promoter-driven CreER2-IRES-eGFP knock-in mouse line and found that the TNC reporter eGFP was markedly induced in cells around injured tubules that had lost epithelial markers, suggesting TNC was induced in response to epithelium injury. Most of the eGFP-positive cells were both NG2 and PDGFRβ positive. These cells did not carry markers of progenitor cells or macrophages. In conclusion, this study provides strong evidence that matrix protein TNC contributes to kidney fibrosis. TNC pathway may serve as a potential therapeutic target for interstitial fibrosis and the progression of chronic kidney disease.
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13
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Misra S, Ikbal AMA, Bhattacharjee D, Hore M, Mishra S, Karmakar S, Ghosh A, Srinivas R, Das A, Agarwal S, Saha KD, Bhardwaj P, Ubhadia IB, Ghosh P, De S, Tiwari ON, Chattopadhyay D, Palit P. Validation of antioxidant, antiproliferative, and in vitro anti-rheumatoid arthritis activities of epigallo-catechin-rich bioactive fraction from Camellia sinensis var. assamica, Assam variety white tea, and its comparative evaluation with green tea fraction. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14487. [PMID: 36309930 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The epigallocatechin-rich polyphenolic fraction of Assam variety white tea, traditionally used for the management of diverse inflammatory ailments and health drink, was investigated through eco-friendly green aqueous extraction, TLC, and HPLC characterization, phytochemical screening, in vitro DPPH assay, anti-proteinase, MTT assay on synovial fibroblast and colon cancer cells, apoptotic FACS analysis, cytokine ELISA, p-STAT3 western blotting, and in silico docking analysis. HPLC-TLC standardized white tea fraction (WT-F) rendered higher extractive-yield (21%, w/w), than green tea fraction(GT-F) (12%, w/w). WT-F containing flavonoids and non-hydrolysable polyphenols showed better antioxidant activity, rather than equivalent GT-F. WT-F demonstrated remarkable anti-rheumatoid-arthritis activity via killing of synovial fibroblast cells (66.1%), downregulation of TNF-α (93.33%), IL-6 (87.97%), and p-STAT3 inhibition (77.75%). Furthermore, WT-F demonstrated better anti-proliferative activity against colon cancer cells (HCT-116). Collectively, our study revealed that the white tea fraction has boundless potential as anti-rheumatoid arthritis and anti-proliferative agent coupled with apoptotic, antioxidant anti-proteinase, and anti-inflammatory properties. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Our eco-friendly extracted bioactive aqueous fraction of white tea, characterized by TLC-HPLC study and phytochemical screening have demonstrated remarkable anti-rheumatoid arthritis property and anti-proliferative action on colon cancer cells including potential anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proteinase efficacy. The test WT-F sample has shown impressive safety on normal mammalian cells. WT-F has demonstrated better efficacy against rheumatoid arthritis and cancer model compared to equivalent green tea fraction. Traditionally, it is extensively used for boosting immunity, and energy, with cosmetic, and agricultural applications by the native inhabitants. So, the aqueous fraction of WT is suggested to be used as a prophylactic nutraceutical supplement and or therapeutic agent in commercial polyherbal formulation to attenuate and management of auto-inflammatory rheumatoid arthritis and carcinogenesis of colon. It is additionally suggested to establish in vivo rheumatoid arthritis animal and clinical study to validate their pharmacokinetic stability and dose optimization coupled with anti-inflammatory, cytotoxicity, and anti-oxidant property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchaita Misra
- Department of Clinical immunology and Rheumatology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Abu Md Ashif Ikbal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Drug Discovery Research Laboratory, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | - Dipanjan Bhattacharjee
- Department of Clinical immunology and Rheumatology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Minakshi Hore
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Drug Discovery Research Laboratory, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | | | - Sankha Karmakar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Alakendu Ghosh
- Department of Clinical immunology and Rheumatology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Abhik Das
- Department of Clinical immunology and Rheumatology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
| | | | | | - Prashant Bhardwaj
- ICMR-Virus Unit (Presently ICMR-National Institute of Cholera & Enteric Diseases), Kolkata, India
| | - Ishvarlal Bhudarbhai Ubhadia
- Department of Clinical immunology and Rheumatology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India.,Rosekandi Tea Estate, Grant Pt I, Assam, India
| | - Parasar Ghosh
- Department of Clinical immunology and Rheumatology, Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Sirshendu De
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Onkar Nath Tiwari
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Agartala, India
| | - Debprasad Chattopadhyay
- ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Belagavi, India.,Centre for Conservation and Utilisation of Blue Green Algae (CCUBGA), Division of Microbiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India.,NSHM Knowledge Campus, Kolkata, India
| | - Partha Palit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Drug Discovery Research Laboratory, Assam University, Silchar, India
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14
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Lefler JE, MarElia-Bennett CB, Thies KA, Hildreth BE, Sharma SM, Pitarresi JR, Han L, Everett C, Koivisto C, Cuitino MC, Timmers CD, O'Quinn E, Parrish M, Romeo MJ, Linke AJ, Hobbs GA, Leone G, Guttridge DC, Zimmers TA, Lesinski GB, Ostrowski MC. STAT3 in tumor fibroblasts promotes an immunosuppressive microenvironment in pancreatic cancer. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:e202201460. [PMID: 35803738 PMCID: PMC9270499 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with an incredibly dense stroma, which contributes to its recalcitrance to therapy. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are one of the most abundant cell types within the PDAC stroma and have context-dependent regulation of tumor progression in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Therefore, understanding tumor-promoting pathways in CAFs is essential for developing better stromal targeting therapies. Here, we show that disruption of the STAT3 signaling axis via genetic ablation of Stat3 in stromal fibroblasts in a Kras G12D PDAC mouse model not only slows tumor progression and increases survival, but re-shapes the characteristic immune-suppressive TME by decreasing M2 macrophages (F480+CD206+) and increasing CD8+ T cells. Mechanistically, we show that loss of the tumor suppressor PTEN in pancreatic CAFs leads to an increase in STAT3 phosphorylation. In addition, increased STAT3 phosphorylation in pancreatic CAFs promotes secretion of CXCL1. Inhibition of CXCL1 signaling inhibits M2 polarization in vitro. The results provide a potential mechanism by which CAFs promote an immune-suppressive TME and promote tumor progression in a spontaneous model of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia E Lefler
- Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Catherine B MarElia-Bennett
- Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Katie A Thies
- Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Blake E Hildreth
- Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Sudarshana M Sharma
- Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Jason R Pitarresi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine and Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lu Han
- Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Caroline Everett
- Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Christopher Koivisto
- Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Maria C Cuitino
- Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Cynthia D Timmers
- Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Elizabeth O'Quinn
- Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Melodie Parrish
- Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Martin J Romeo
- Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Amanda J Linke
- Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - G Aaron Hobbs
- Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Gustavo Leone
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Denis C Guttridge
- Department of Pediatrics and Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Teresa A Zimmers
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Gregory B Lesinski
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael C Ostrowski
- Hollings Cancer Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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15
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Li Y, Zhao J, Yin Y, Li K, Zhang C, Zheng Y. The Role of IL-6 in Fibrotic Diseases: Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:5405-5414. [PMID: 36147459 PMCID: PMC9461670 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.75876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a detrimental outcome of most chronic inflammatory disorders and is defined by the buildup of excess extracellular matrix (ECM) components, which eventually leads to organ failure and death. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is promptly produced by immune cells in response to tissue injuries and has a wide range of effects on cellular processes such as acute responses, hematopoiesis, and immune reactions. Furthermore, high levels of IL-6 have been found in a variety of chronic inflammatory disorders characterized by fibrosis, and this factor plays a significant role in fibrosis in various organs via Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK/STAT3) activation. Here, we review what is known about the role of IL-6 in fibrosis and why targeting IL-6 for fibrotic disease treatment makes sense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuan Yin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chenchen Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yajuan Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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16
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Xiaojie W, Banda J, Qi H, Chang AK, Bwalya C, Chao L, Li X. Scarless wound healing: Current insights from the perspectives of TGF-β, KGF-1, and KGF-2. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2022; 66:26-37. [PMID: 35690568 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The process of wound healing involves a complex and vast interplay of growth factors and cytokines that coordinate the recruitment and interaction of various cell types. A series of events involving inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling eventually leads to the restoration of the damaged tissue. Abrogation in the regulation of these events has been shown to result in excessive scarring or non-healing wounds. While the process of wound healing is not fully elucidated, it has been documented that the early events of wound healing play a key role in the outcome of the wound. Furthermore, high levels of inflammation have been shown to lead to scarring. The regulation of these events may result in scarless wound healing, especially in adults. The inhibition of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and the administration of keratinocyte growth factors (KGF), KGF-1 and KGF-2, has in recent years yielded positive results in the acceleration of wound closure and reduced scarring. Here, we encapsulate recent knowledge on the roles of TGF-β, KGF1, and KGF2 in wound healing and scar formation and highlight the areas that need further investigation. We also discuss potential future directions for the use of growth factors in wound management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hui Qi
- Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | | | | | - Lu Chao
- Wenzhou Medical University, China
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17
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Feng QL, Gu JJ, Chen JY, Zheng WY, Pan HH, Xu XY, Deng CC, Yang B. TSP1 promotes fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition via the IL6/JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway in keloids. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:1533-1542. [PMID: 35661430 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Keloids are benign fibroproliferative diseases with abnormally proliferated bulges beyond the edge of the skin lesions, and they are characterized by uncontrolled fibroblast proliferation and excessive extracellular matrix deposition in the dermis. However, the definite mechanisms that increase fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition in keloids remain unclear. Thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) has been suggested to play an important role in wound healing and fibrotic disorders, but its role in keloids is unknown. In this study, we aimed to clarify the specific role of TSP1 in keloids and explore the potential mechanism. Our results demonstrated that TSP1 was highly expressed in keloid lesions compared to normal skin. Knockdown of TSP1 in keloid fibroblasts decreased cell proliferation and collagen I deposition. Exogenous TSP1 treatment increased cell proliferation and collagen I deposition in normal fibroblasts. We further investigated the underlying mechanism and found that TSP1 promoted fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition by upregulating the IL6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Moreover, we verified that TSP1 expression was positively correlated with IL6/STAT3 signalling activity in keloids. Taken together, our findings indicate that TSP1 promotes keloid development via the IL6/JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway and blocking TSP1 may represent a potential strategy for keloid therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Lan Feng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Jing Gu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Yi Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Yue Zheng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Hui Pan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Yan Xu
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Deng
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Zhou Q, Gong J, Bi J, Yang X, Zhang L, Lu C, Li L, Chen M, Cai J, Yang R, Li X, Li Z, Wang X. Keratinocyte growth factor-2 regulates signal-transducing adaptor protein-2-mediated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling and reduces skin scar formation. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:2003-2013.e5. [PMID: 34999107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a common complication of burns, skin trauma, and postoperative trauma, which involves excessive proliferation of fibroblasts and accumulation of a large amount of disorganized collagen fibers and extracellular matrix (ECM). Keratinocyte growth factor-2 (KGF-2) plays important roles in the regulation of cellular homeostasis and wound healing. In this study, we investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of KGF-2 on scar formation following wound healing both in vitro and in vivo. We show that KGF-2 attenuates mechanical stress-induced scar formation while promoting wound healing. Mechanistically, KGF-2 inhibits STAP2 expression and STAT3 activation, leading to significantly reduced COLI and COLIII levels. Our results provide a insight into the role of KGF-2 in wound healing and scar formation, and the therapeutic potential for reducing scarring while promoting wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingde Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; School of Pharmacological Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Park, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Laboratory of Zhejiang province for pharmaceutical Engineering and development of growth factors, Collaborative Biomedical Innovation Center of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jianxiang Gong
- School of Pharmacological Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Park, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Laboratory of Zhejiang province for pharmaceutical Engineering and development of growth factors, Collaborative Biomedical Innovation Center of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jianing Bi
- School of Pharmacological Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Park, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Laboratory of Zhejiang province for pharmaceutical Engineering and development of growth factors, Collaborative Biomedical Innovation Center of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xuanxin Yang
- School of Pharmacological Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Park, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Laboratory of Zhejiang province for pharmaceutical Engineering and development of growth factors, Collaborative Biomedical Innovation Center of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Li Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Chao Lu
- School of Pharmacological Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Park, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Laboratory of Zhejiang province for pharmaceutical Engineering and development of growth factors, Collaborative Biomedical Innovation Center of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Lijia Li
- School of Pharmacological Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Park, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Laboratory of Zhejiang province for pharmaceutical Engineering and development of growth factors, Collaborative Biomedical Innovation Center of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Min Chen
- School of Pharmacological Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Park, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Laboratory of Zhejiang province for pharmaceutical Engineering and development of growth factors, Collaborative Biomedical Innovation Center of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jianqiu Cai
- School of Pharmacological Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Park, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Rongshuai Yang
- School of Pharmacological Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Park, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- School of Pharmacological Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Park, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Laboratory of Zhejiang province for pharmaceutical Engineering and development of growth factors, Collaborative Biomedical Innovation Center of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Research Units of Clinical Translation of Cell Growth Factors and Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science
| | - Zhiming Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China; School of Pharmacological Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan University Park, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Laboratory of Zhejiang province for pharmaceutical Engineering and development of growth factors, Collaborative Biomedical Innovation Center of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Research Units of Clinical Translation of Cell Growth Factors and Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science.
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19
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Prasetyono TOH, Sadikin PM. A randomized controlled trial: Comparison of one-per-mil tumescent technique and tourniquet in surgery for burn hand contracture in creating clear operative field and assessment of functional outcome. Burns 2022; 48:1909-1916. [PMID: 35016790 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to compare the use of one-per-mil tumescent solution (a mixture of epinephrine and 0.2% lidocaine in a ratio of 1:1,000,000 in normal saline solution) and tourniquet to create clear operative fields and to evaluate the functional outcomes after post burn hand contracture surgery. METHODS The subjects of this randomized controlled trial were divided into one-permil tumescent technique and tourniquet group for a similar surgical procedure. Three independent assessors evaluated the clarity of the operative fields through recorded videos for the first 15 min and the first 10-minute of each hour of the surgery. Functional outcome was evaluated at least three months postoperatively using total active and passive motion (TAM and TPM) of each digit. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were tested during baseline (5 min before the procedures), ischemia phase, and reperfusion phase (a phase when the blood flow returned to the tissue). RESULTS 35 subjects were included in this study: 17 in the tumescent group and 18 in the tourniquet group. We found a significant difference in the clarity of operative field between tumescent and tourniquet groups, 5 vs 35 bloodless operative fields, respectively (p < 0.05). TAM and TPM of each digit before surgery and 3 months postoperatively showed no significant difference between both groups (p > 0.05). Furthermore, we found no difference in MDA and TNF-α levels between both groups at their respective phases. CONCLUSIONS The use of one-per-mil tumescent technique does not replace tourniquet use to create bloodless operative fields in burned hand contracture surgery. However, the postoperative functional results were similar in both groups showing that tumescent technique can be used as an alternative to tourniquet without compromising outcomes. The MDA and TNF-α examinations do not provide conclusive outcomes regarding ischemia and reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theddeus Octavianus Hari Prasetyono
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital/ Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Diponegoro No. 71, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia; ICTEC (Indonesian Clinical Training and Education Center), Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital/ Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Diponegoro No. 71, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia; Medical Technology Cluster, IMERI (Indonesian Medical Education and Research Institute), Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Education Tower, 2nd Floor, Jl. Salemba Raya No. 6, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Patricia Marcellina Sadikin
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital/ Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Diponegoro No. 71, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
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20
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Wu T, Hou X, Li J, Ruan H, Pei L, Guo T, Wang Z, Ci T, Ruan S, He Y, He Z, Feng N, Zhang Y. Microneedle-Mediated Biomimetic Cyclodextrin Metal Organic Frameworks for Active Targeting and Treatment of Hypertrophic Scars. ACS NANO 2021; 15:20087-20104. [PMID: 34792332 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c07829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to the lack of a delivery system that actively targets hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs), it is difficult to concentrate the effects of drugs on hypertrophic scars (HSs). We recently discovered that the HSF membrane has a homologous targeting effect and developed an active targeted drug delivery system for the local treatment of HSs. A diphenyl carbonate cross-linked cyclodextrin metal organic framework (CDF) containing more than 26% (w/w) quercetin (QUE) was coated with a HSF membrane (QUE@HSF/CDF) and then dispersed in Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP)-fabricated dissolvable microneedles (BSP-MNs-QUE@HSF/CDF) for local administration. This biomimetic nanodrug delivery system improved efficacy on HSs by regulating Wnt/β-catenin and JAK2/STAT3 pathways and reducing the expression of collagens I and III in HS, and this performance was superior to those of systems without HSF functionalization or the assistance of microneedles. Additionally, we found that BSP has synergistic effects and the microneedles have higher mechanical strength and better physical stability than microneedles made of hyaluronic acid. This currently designed drug delivery strategy integrating biomimetic nanoparticles and dissolvable microneedles is promising for applications in the fields of skin disease treatment and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaolin Hou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hang Ruan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lixia Pei
- Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Teng Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tianyuan Ci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shuyao Ruan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuanzhi He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zehui He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Nianping Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yongtai Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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21
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Chen Z, Xie F, Xia T, Bian X, Zhang S, Cai J, Wang Y. Early Application of Quaternized Chitin Derivatives Inhibits Hypertrophic Scar Formation. Macromol Biosci 2021; 22:e2100418. [PMID: 34882969 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Various treatments for hypertrophic scars (HS) are applied after wound re-epithelialization. However, the lack of early intervention within the wound bed leads to poor HS treatment outcomes. In this study, quaternized chitin (QC) derivatives with different degrees of deacetylation (7.4% and 78.9%) are synthesized and their effects on HS formation are evaluated in a rabbit ear scar model. Early application of QC alleviates scar hypertrophy without delayed wound healing. Fibroblast count, collagen content, and α-smooth muscle actin expression are decreased, while matrix metalloproteinase-1 is upregulated on day 35 in the QC treatment group. QC suppresses inflammatory cell infiltration and IL-6 expression. A subsequent reduction in transforming growth factor β1 expression is also observed. The inhibitory effect of QC on HS formation is eliminated through the administration of exogenous IL-6. Taken together, early application of QC inhibits HS formation by downregulating IL-6 expression, and QC with a low degree of deacetylation tends to be more effective. Considering its potential for accelerating wound healing, inhibiting HS formation, and its antibacterial activity, QC may be used as an effective dressing in clinical wound management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhan Chen
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Fang Xie
- Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymers-based Medical Materials, College of Chemistry & Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Tian Xia
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xiaoen Bian
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Shichen Zhang
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jie Cai
- Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymers-based Medical Materials, College of Chemistry & Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.,Research Institute of Shenzhen, Wuhan University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
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22
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Lai Y, Wei X, Ye T, Hang L, Mou L, Su J. Interrelation Between Fibroblasts and T Cells in Fibrosing Interstitial Lung Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:747335. [PMID: 34804029 PMCID: PMC8602099 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.747335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by varying degrees of inflammation and fibrosis of the pulmonary interstitium. The interrelations between multiple immune cells and stromal cells participate in the pathogenesis of ILDs. While fibroblasts contribute to the development of ILDs through secreting extracellular matrix and proinflammatory cytokines upon activation, T cells are major mediators of adaptive immunity, as well as inflammation and autoimmune tissue destruction in the lung of ILDs patients. Fibroblasts play important roles in modulating T cell recruitment, differentiation and function and conversely, T cells can balance fibrotic sequelae with protective immunity in the lung. A more precise understanding of the interrelation between fibroblasts and T cells will enable a better future therapeutic design by targeting this interrelationship. Here we highlight recent work on the interactions between fibroblasts and T cells in ILDs, and consider the implications of these interactions in the future development of therapies for ILDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxin Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinru Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lilin Hang
- Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Mou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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23
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Fujisawa Y, Matsuda K, Uehara T. Osteopontin enhances the migration of lung fibroblasts via upregulation of interleukin-6 through the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. Biol Chem 2021; 401:1071-1080. [PMID: 32924371 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2020-0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a phenomenon in which parenchyma is replaced with fibrous tissue. Persistent inflammation accompanied by dysregulation of cytokine production and repeated cycles of inflammation-associated tissue-repair induces fibrosis in various organs including the liver, lung, and kidney. In idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, production of interleukin (IL)-6 and osteopontin (OPN) are dysregulated. Fibrosis leads to qualitative rather than quantitative changes of fibroblasts at the sites of tissue repair, and this leads to enlargement of fibrotic foci. These fibroblasts are immunohistochemically positive for OPN; however, the effect of overexpressed OPN in fibroblasts is not fully understood yet. In this study, we investigated the effect of OPN on IL-6 secretion and on migration and proliferation of fibroblasts. Lung fibroblasts overexpressing exogenous OPN showed that OPN was linked to the enhancement of cell migration through increased IL-6 secretion via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. These results suggest that OPN may exert its pro-fibrotic functions, such as enhancement of fibroblasts migration by cooperating with chemoattractant IL-6, and may be involved in enlargement of fibrotic foci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fujisawa
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-28621, Nagano, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Matsuda
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-28621, Nagano, Japan
| | - Takeshi Uehara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Nagano, Japan
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24
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Tang J, Yang J, Hu H, Cen Y, Chen J. miR-211-5p inhibits the proliferation, migration, invasion, and induces apoptosis of human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts by regulating TGFβR2 expression. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:864. [PMID: 34164498 PMCID: PMC8184471 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-1806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Hypertrophic-scar (HS) is the most common pathological healing phenomenon after trauma, especially after deep burns. We aimed to investigate the expression and role of microRNA-211-5p (miR-211-5p) in HS and explore its underlying mechanism. Methods Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-211-5p in 15 cases of HS tissues and normal skin tissues, as well as its expression in human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (hHSFs) and normal fibroblasts. At the same time, the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), scratch test, cell invasion test, and flow cytometry were used to determine cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis, respectively. Western blot assay was used to determine the expression of proteins. TargetScan was performed to predict the potential binding sites between miR-211-5p and TGFβR2, which was then verified by western blotting and luciferase reporter gene experiments. Also, co-transfection of plasmids that overexpress miR-211-5p and TGFβR2 were used to observe the reversal effect of miR-211-5p. Results The level of miR-211-5p in HS tissues and hHSFs cells was significantly down-regulated (both P<0.05). The TGFβR2/Smad3 signaling pathway was activated (both P<0.05). Furthermore, the overexpression of miR-211-5p could inhibit the proliferation (P<0.05), migration (P<0.05), and invasion (P<0.05) of hHSFs cells, and induce their apoptosis (P<0.05), and could also regulate the expression of related proteins (all P<0.05). Moreover, the overexpression of miR-211-5p could also inhibit the accumulation of ECM and the activation of the TGF-βR2/Smad3 pathway (all P<0.05), while the opposite effect (all P<0.05) was observed when the level of miR-211-5p was interfered with. Finally, it was confirmed that miR-211-5p could target TGFβR2 (all P<0.05), and when hHSFs cells simultaneously overexpressed miR-211-5p and TGFβR2, the promotion effect of TGFβR2 on cells was reversed by miR-211-5p (all P<0.05). Conclusions miR-211-5p can inhibit the activation of the TGF-βR2/Smad3 signaling pathway by targeting TGFβR2, thereby suppressing the proliferation, migration, invasion, and ECM production of hHSFs, and inducing their apoptosis, suggesting that miR-211-5p can become a potential target for the treatment of HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tang
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianing Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Hu
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Cen
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junjie Chen
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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25
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Zhang D, Li B, Zhao M. Therapeutic Strategies by Regulating Interleukin Family to Suppress Inflammation in Hypertrophic Scar and Keloid. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:667763. [PMID: 33959031 PMCID: PMC8093926 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.667763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scar (HS) and keloid are fibroproliferative disorders (FPDs) of the skin due to aberrant wound healing, which cause disfigured appearance, discomfort, dysfunction, psychological stress, and patient frustration. The unclear pathogenesis behind HS and keloid is partially responsible for the clinical treatment stagnancy. However, there are now increasing evidences suggesting that inflammation is the initiator of HS and keloid formation. Interleukins are known to participate in inflammatory and immune responses, and play a critical role in wound healing and scar formation. In this review, we summarize the function of related interleukins, and focus on their potentials as the therapeutic target for the treatment of HS and keloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Muxin Zhao
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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26
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Faletti L, Ehl S, Heeg M. Germline STAT3 gain-of-function mutations in primary immunodeficiency: Impact on the cellular and clinical phenotype. Biomed J 2021; 44:412-421. [PMID: 34366294 PMCID: PMC8514798 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a key transcription factor involved in regulation of immune cell activation and differentiation. Recent discoveries highlight the role of germline activating STAT3 mutations in inborn errors of immunity characterized by early-onset multi-organ autoimmunity and lymphoproliferation. Much progress has been made in defining the clinical spectrum of STAT3 GOF disease and unraveling the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying this disease. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the disease and discuss the clinical phenotype, diagnostic approach, cellular and molecular effects of STAT3 GOF mutations and therapeutic concepts for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Faletti
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Stephan Ehl
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Heeg
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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27
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Esnault S, Khosravi M, Kelly EA, Liu LY, Bochkov YA, Tattersall MC, Jarjour NN. Increased IL-6 and Potential IL-6 trans-signalling in the airways after an allergen challenge. Clin Exp Allergy 2021; 51:564-573. [PMID: 33471392 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In asthma, IL-6 is a potential cause of enhanced inflammation, tissue damage and airway dysfunction. IL-6 signalling is regulated by its receptor, which is composed of two proteins, IL-6R and GP130. In addition to their membrane form, these two proteins may be found as extracellular soluble forms. The interaction of IL-6 with soluble IL-6R (sIL-6R) can trigger IL-6 trans-signalling in cells lacking IL-6R. Conversely, the soluble form of GP130 (sGP130) competes with its membrane form to inhibit IL-6 trans-signalling. OBJECTIVES We aimed to analyse IL-6 trans-signalling proteins in the airways of subjects after an allergen challenge. METHODS We used a model of segmental bronchoprovocation with an allergen (SBP-Ag) in human subjects with allergy. Before and 48 h after SBP-Ag, bronchoalveolar lavages (BALs) allowed for the analysis of proteins in BAL fluids (BALFs) by ELISA, and membrane proteins on the surface of BAL cells by flow cytometry. In addition, we performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and used proteomic data to further inform on the expression of the IL-6R subunits by eosinophils, bronchial epithelial cells and lung fibroblasts. Finally, we measured the effect of IL-6 trans-signalling on bronchial fibroblasts, in vitro. RESULTS IL-6, sIL-6R, sGP130 and the molar ratio of sIL-6R/sGP130 increased in the airways after SBP-Ag, suggesting the potential for enhanced IL-6 trans-signalling activity. BAL lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils displayed IL-6R on their surface and were all possible providers of sIL-6R, whereas GP130 was highly expressed in bronchial epithelial cells and lung fibroblasts. Finally, bronchial fibroblasts activated by IL-6 trans-signalling produced enhanced amounts of the chemokine, MCP-1 (CCL2). CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE After a bronchial allergen challenge, we found augmentation of the elements of IL-6 trans-signalling. Allergen-induced IL-6 trans-signalling activity can activate fibroblasts to produce chemokines that can further enhance inflammation and lung dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephane Esnault
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mehdi Khosravi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Kelly
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Lin Ying Liu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Yury A Bochkov
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Matthew C Tattersall
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Nizar N Jarjour
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
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28
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Wang ZC, Zhao WY, Cao Y, Liu YQ, Sun Q, Shi P, Cai JQ, Shen XZ, Tan WQ. The Roles of Inflammation in Keloid and Hypertrophic Scars. Front Immunol 2020; 11:603187. [PMID: 33343575 PMCID: PMC7746641 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.603187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The underlying mechanisms of wound healing are complex but inflammation is one of the determining factors. Besides its traditional role in combating against infection upon injury, the characteristics and magnitude of inflammation have dramatic impacts on the pathogenesis of scar. Keloids and hypertrophic scars are pathological scars that result from aberrant wound healing. They are characterized by continuous local inflammation and excessive collagen deposition. In this review, we aim at discussing how dysregulated inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of scar formation. Immune cells, soluble inflammatory mediators, and the related intracellular signal transduction pathways are our three subtopics encompassing the events occurring in inflammation associated with scar formation. In the end, we enumerate the current and potential medicines and therapeutics for suppressing inflammation and limiting progression to scar. Understanding the initiation, progression, and resolution of inflammation will provide insights into the mechanisms of scar formation and is useful for developing effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Cai Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wan-Yi Zhao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Cao
- Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Qi Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qihang Sun
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Shi
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Qin Cai
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Z Shen
- Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Tan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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29
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Liang Y, Liang L, Liu Z, Wang Y, Dong X, Qu L, Gou R, Wang Y, Wang Q, Liu Z, Tang L. Inhibition of IRE1/JNK pathway in HK-2 cells subjected to hypoxia-reoxygenation attenuates mesangial cells-derived extracellular matrix production. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:13408-13420. [PMID: 33043579 PMCID: PMC7701502 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and inflammatory responses play active roles in the transition of acute kidney injury (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Inositol‐requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) activates c‐Jun NH2‐terminal kinase (JNK) in ER stress. Tubular epithelial cells (TEC) are the main injury target and source of AKI inflammatory mediators. TEC injury may lead to glomerulosclerosis, however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) HK‐2 cells were used as an AKI model. To determine the partial effects of TEC injury on the glomerulus, HK‐2 cells after H/R were co‐cultured with human renal mesangial cells (HRMC). H/R up‐regulated ER stress, IRE1/JNK pathway, IL‐6 and MCP‐1 in HK‐2 cells. Stimulation of HRMC with IL‐6 enhanced their proliferation and the expression of glomerulosclerosis‐associated fibronectin and collagen IV via signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activation. Similar responses were observed in HRMC co‐cultured with HK‐2 cells after H/R. IRE1/JNK inhibition reversed these injury responses in HRMC. IRE1/JNK stable knock‐down in HK‐2 cells and shRNA‐mediated STAT3 depletion in HRMC confirmed their role in inflammation/glomerulosclerosis. These findings suggest that IRE1/JNK pathway mediates inflammation in TEC, affecting mesangial cells. The inhibition of this pathway could be a feasible approach to prevent AKI‐CKD transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lulu Liang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China.,Core Unit of National Clinical Medical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenjie Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yingzi Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China.,Core Unit of National Clinical Medical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiubing Dong
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China.,Core Unit of National Clinical Medical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lingyun Qu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rong Gou
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yulin Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhangsuo Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China.,Core Unit of National Clinical Medical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lin Tang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Makitani K, Ogo N, Asai A. STX-0119, a novel STAT3 dimerization inhibitor, prevents fibrotic gene expression in a mouse model of kidney fibrosis by regulating Cxcr4 and Ccr1 expression. Physiol Rep 2020; 8:e14627. [PMID: 33112058 PMCID: PMC7592413 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney fibrosis is a histological hallmark of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is believed to be involved in the progression of CKD. Therefore, inhibition of kidney fibrosis is a potential strategy for slowing CKD progression. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a transcription factor that is activated by interleukin-6 and is reported to be involved in fibrosis. Previously, S3I-201, an inhibitor of STAT3 phosphorylation, was shown to inhibit renal fibrosis in a mouse model, but its mechanism was not clarified completely. In this study, we investigated whether STX-0119, a new inhibitor of STAT3 dimerization, suppressed kidney fibrotic gene expression using a mouse model of kidney fibrosis and examined the underlying mechanisms. Kidney fibrosis was induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), which was accompanied by upregulation of STAT3 target genes. STX-0119 administration suppressed the expression of fibrotic genes in UUO kidneys without affecting STAT3 phosphorylation. STX-0119 decreased Cxcr4 mRNA in cultured rat kidney fibroblasts and Ccr1 mRNA in blood cells from UUO mice, both of which are reported to be involved in the progression of kidney fibrosis. These results suggest that STX-0119 inhibits fibrotic gene expression in kidney by suppressing Cxcr4 and Ccr1 expression. This is the first report to indicate a part of the mechanism of the antifibrotic effects of a STAT3 inhibitor and suggests that STX-0119 may be a lead compound for the treatment of kidney fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouki Makitani
- Center for Drug DiscoveryGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of ShizuokaShizuokaJapan
| | - Naohisa Ogo
- Center for Drug DiscoveryGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of ShizuokaShizuokaJapan
| | - Akira Asai
- Center for Drug DiscoveryGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of ShizuokaShizuokaJapan
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31
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Yuan P, Qiu X, Liu T, Tian R, Bai Y, Liu S, Chen X, Jin Y. Substrate-independent polymer coating with stimuli-responsive dexamethasone release for on-demand fibrosis inhibition. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:7777-7784. [PMID: 32744264 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01127d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tissue fibrosis caused by implantation of tissue engineering scaffolds is an urgent problem in clinical research. In this work, a substrate-independent coating with on-demand release of an antifibrotic drug has been fabricated to effectively address this issue. This coating was formed through a substrate-independent layer-by-layer (LBL) technique via a cationic polyelectrolyte (poly-diallyldimethylammonium, PDDA) and an anionic polyelectrolyte (poly-styrenesulfonate, PSS), where parts of PSS and PDDA were physically replaced by carboxyl functionalized polyethylene glycol grafted onto antifibrotic drug dexamethasone (DEX-PEG-COOH). Considering the easy generation of local inflammation after implantation, an ester bond was designed between PEG-COOH and DEX. Therefore, the overexpressed esterase under inflammatory conditions hydrolyzes the ester bond and thereby releases DEX from the film to inhibit fibrosis occurring in the tissue repair process. The in vivo capacity of this coating to restrain tissue fibrosis was investigated by a skin defect model using porous polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds as substrates. The experimental results showed that the fibrosis-related proteins (Col-I, TGF-β and fibronectin) and the infiltration of myofibroblasts (α-SMA) of skin tissues in the coated PCL scaffold group were significantly lower than those in the blank control group and pure PCL scaffold group. Moreover, the histological evaluations showed that the coating group could significantly decrease the deposition of collagen and meanwhile promote the partial regeneration of skin appendages. These results successfully demonstrate that the universal coating prepared with a simple protocol would be an effective strategy to address the fibrosis issues during tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingyun Yuan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, Institute of Polymer Science in Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China.
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32
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Wang H, Guo B, Lin S, Chang P, Tao K. Apigenin inhibits growth and migration of fibroblasts by suppressing FAK signaling. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:3668-3678. [PMID: 31170089 PMCID: PMC6594802 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The naturally occurring compound apigenin has many biological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and anticancer effects. Although hypertrophic scar formation is a common surgical complication, there is still no good treatment for it. In the present study, we examined the effect of apigenin on hypertrophic scar. After isolating fibroblasts from human hypertrophic scars, we assess the effects of apigenin on fibroblast cell survival, apoptosis and migration. The results showed that apigenin dose-dependently inhibited the growth and migration of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts. By inhibiting FAK kinase activity and FAK phosphorylation, apigenin also inhibited activation of the FAK signaling pathway. Apigenin thus appears to inhibit the growth and migration of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts by inhibiting FAK signaling. This suggests apigenin could potentially provide a new option for the treatment of hypertrophic scars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Wang
- Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of North Theater, PLA, Shenyang, P.R.China
| | - Bingyu Guo
- Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of North Theater, PLA, Shenyang, P.R.China
| | - Shixiu Lin
- Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of North Theater, PLA, Shenyang, P.R.China
| | - Peng Chang
- Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of North Theater, PLA, Shenyang, P.R.China
| | - Kai Tao
- Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of North Theater, PLA, Shenyang, P.R.China
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33
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Pan Z, Wu Q, Xie Z, Wu Q, Tan X, Wang X. Upregulation of HSP72 attenuates tendon adhesion by regulating fibroblast proliferation and collagen production via blockade of the STAT3 signaling pathway. Cell Signal 2020; 71:109606. [PMID: 32199935 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The proliferation of fibroblasts creates an environment favoring post-operative tendon adhesion, but targeted therapy of this pathology remains in its infancy. In this study, we explored the effect of heat shock protein 72 (HSP72), a major inducible member of the heat shock protein family that can protect cells against many cellular stresses including heat shock, on fibroblast proliferation in tendon adhesion, with its underlying mechanisms investigated. HSP72 expression was examined in an established rat model of tendon injury using RT-qPCR and immunoblot analysis. After conducting ectopic expression and depletion experiments in fibroblast NIH3T3 cells, we determined the effects of HSP72 on the expression of α-SMA and STAT3 signaling pathway-related genes, fibroblast proliferation, as well as collagen production. The mRNA (65.46%) and protein (63.65%) expression of HSP72 was downregulated in the rat model of tendon injury. The in vitro experiments revealed that overexpression of HSP72 inhibited fibroblast proliferation (42.57%) and collagen production (45.60%), as well as reducing α-SMA expression (42.49%) and the extent of STAT3 phosphorylation (55.46%). Moreover, we observed that HSP72 overexpression reduced inflammation as well as the number of inflammatory cell infiltration and fibroblasts in vivo. Furthermore, the inhibited extent of STAT3 phosphorylation contributed to the impaired fibroblast proliferation and collagen production evoked by upregulated HSP72. In summary, the present study unveils an inhibitory role of HSP72 in tendon adhesion via inactivation of the STAT3 signaling pathway. This finding may enable the development of new therapeutic strategies for the prevention against tendon adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqi Pan
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China; Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Qinfen Wu
- Department of Surgery, the Hospital of Hubei Provincial Government, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Zhe Xie
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Qiang Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Xinti Tan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430071, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, PR China.
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Fibronectin in Cancer: Friend or Foe. Cells 2019; 9:cells9010027. [PMID: 31861892 PMCID: PMC7016990 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of fibronectin (FN) in tumorigenesis and malignant progression has been highly controversial. Cancerous FN plays a tumor-suppressive role, whereas it is pro-metastatic and associated with poor prognosis. Interestingly, FN matrix deposited in the tumor microenvironments (TMEs) promotes tumor progression but is paradoxically related to a better prognosis. Here, we justify how FN impacts tumor transformation and subsequently metastatic progression. Next, we try to reconcile and rationalize the seemingly conflicting roles of FN in cancer and TMEs. Finally, we propose future perspectives for potential FN-based therapeutic strategies.
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Chen L, Li Q, Lu X, Dong X, Li J. Overexpression of miR-340-5p Inhibits Skin Fibroblast Proliferation by Targeting Kruppel-like Factor 2. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2019; 20:1147-1154. [PMID: 31345144 DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666190725112304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
<P>Objective: MicroRNA (miR)-340-5p has been identified to play a key role in several cancers.
However, the function of miR-340-5p in skin fibroblasts remains largely unknown.
</P><P>
Methods: Gain of function experiments were performed by infecting normal skin fibroblast cells with
a lentivirus carrying 22-bp miR-340-5p. Cell proliferation was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8)
assay. To uncover the mechanisms, mRNA-seq was used. Differentially expressed mRNAs were further
determined by Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analyses. The protein levels were analysed by
Western blotting. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the direct binding of miR-340-5p
with the 3'UTR of Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2).
</P><P>
Results: MiR-340-5p lentivirus infection suppressed normal skin fibroblast proliferation. The mRNAseq
data revealed that 41 mRNAs were differentially expressed, including 22 upregulated and 19
downregulated transcripts in the miR-340-5p overexpression group compared with those in the control
group. Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analyses revealed that miR-340-5p overexpression correlated
with the macromolecule biosynthetic process, cellular macromolecule biosynthetic process,
membrane, and MAPK signalling pathway. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assays
showed that miR-340-5p binds to the 3'UTR of KLF2. Forced expression of miR-340-5p decreased the
expression of KLF2 in normal skin fibroblasts. Overexpression of KLF2 restored skin fibroblast proliferation
in the miR-340-5p overexpression group.
</P><P>
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that miR-340-5p may suppress skin fibroblast proliferation, possibly
through targeting KLF2. These findings could help us understand the function of miR-340-5p in
skin fibroblasts. miR-340-5p could be a therapeutic target for preventing scarring.</P>
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Chen
- Department of Plastic & Cosmetic Surgery, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), 123rd Tianfei Street, Mochou Road, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Plastic & Cosmetic Surgery, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), 123rd Tianfei Street, Mochou Road, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Xun Lu
- Milken School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington DC, 20052, United States
| | - Xiaohua Dong
- Department of Pediatric, Jingjiang People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Jingjiang 214500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingyun Li
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Medical Institute, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
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36
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Kauvar AN, Kubicki SL, Suggs AK, Friedman PM. Laser Therapy of Traumatic and Surgical Scars and an Algorithm for Their Treatment. Lasers Surg Med 2019; 52:125-136. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arielle N.B. Kauvar
- Department of DermatologyNew York Laser & Skin Care1044 Fifth Avenue (between 85th and 86th St.) New York New York 10028
- Department of DermatologyNew York University School of Medicine240 E 38th St. New York New York 10016
| | - Shelby L. Kubicki
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterUniversity of Texas, McGovern Medical School6655 Travis St. #700 Houston Texas 77030
| | - Amanda K. Suggs
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterUniversity of Texas, McGovern Medical School6655 Travis St. #700 Houston Texas 77030
- Department of DermatologyDermatology & Laser Surgery Center6400 Fannin St., Suite 2720 Houston Texas 77030
| | - Paul M. Friedman
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterUniversity of Texas, McGovern Medical School6655 Travis St. #700 Houston Texas 77030
- Department of DermatologyDermatology & Laser Surgery Center6400 Fannin St., Suite 2720 Houston Texas 77030
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medical CollegeHouston Methodist Hospital6550 Fannin St., Suite 1001 Houston Texas 77030
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Park GS, An MK, Yoon JH, Park SS, Koh SH, Mauro TM, Cho EB, Park EJ, Kim KH, Kim KJ. Botulinum toxin type A suppresses pro-fibrotic effects via the JNK signaling pathway in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts. Arch Dermatol Res 2019; 311:807-814. [PMID: 31501922 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-019-01975-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scar is a dermal fibroproliferative disease characterized by the overproduction and deposition of extracellular matrix, and the hyperproliferation and enhanced angiogenesis of fibroblasts, along with their enhanced differentiation to myofibroblasts. Botulinum toxin type A shows potential for prevention of hypertrophic scar formation; however, its effectiveness in attenuating skin fibrosis and the related mechanism are unclear. In this study, human scar fibroblasts were cultured and stimulated with botulinum toxin type A, and the changes in fibroblast proliferation, migration, and protein expression of pro-fibrotic factors were evaluated with colorimetric, scratch, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and western blotting, respectively. Botulinum toxin type A treatment decreased the proliferation and migration of human scar fibroblasts compared with those of untreated controls. Protein expression levels of pro-fibrotic factors (transforming growth factor β1, interleukin-6, and connective tissue growth factor) were also inhibited by botulinum toxin type A, whereas the JNK phosphorylation level was increased. Activation of the JNK pathway demonstrated the inhibitory effects of the toxin on human scar fibroblast proliferation and production of pro-fibrotic factors, suggesting that the suppressive effects of botulinum toxin type A are closely associated with JNK phosphorylation. Overall, this study showed that botulinum toxin type A has a suppressive effect on extracellular matrix production and scar-related factors in human scar fibroblasts in vitro, and that regulation of JNK signaling plays an important role in this process. Our results provide a theoretical basis, at the cellular level, for the therapeutic use of botulinum toxin type A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil Soon Park
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym Institute for Translational Medicine, Anyang, South Korea
| | - Min Kyun An
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, 22 Gwanpyeong-ro 170 Beon-gil, Dongan-gu, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, 14068, South Korea
| | - Ji Ha Yoon
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, 22 Gwanpyeong-ro 170 Beon-gil, Dongan-gu, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, 14068, South Korea
| | - Seok Soon Park
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Koh
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Gwangmyeong Sungae Hospital, Gwangmyeong, South Korea
| | - Theodora M Mauro
- Department of Dermatology, VA Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Eun Byul Cho
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, 22 Gwanpyeong-ro 170 Beon-gil, Dongan-gu, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, 14068, South Korea
| | - Eun Joo Park
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, 22 Gwanpyeong-ro 170 Beon-gil, Dongan-gu, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, 14068, South Korea.
| | - Kwang Ho Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, 22 Gwanpyeong-ro 170 Beon-gil, Dongan-gu, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, 14068, South Korea
| | - Kwang Joong Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, 22 Gwanpyeong-ro 170 Beon-gil, Dongan-gu, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do, 14068, South Korea
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Du Y, Sun J, Liu X, Nan J, Qin X, Wang X, Guo J, Zhao C, Yang J. TGF-β2 antagonizes IL-6-promoted cell survival. Mol Cell Biochem 2019; 461:119-126. [PMID: 31359244 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-019-03595-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta is a key cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of fibrosis in many organs, whereas interleukin-6 plays an important role in the regulation of inflammation. They are both potent angiogenesis inducers with opposite effects on cell survival and apoptosis. TGF-β2 induces apoptosis; in contrast, IL-6 protects cells from apoptosis. The possible interaction between these two cytokines is indicated in various disease states. In this study, we have assessed the effect of TGF-β2 on IL-6 signaling and found that TGF-β2 could strongly inhibit IL-6-induced STAT3 activation and synergy with IL-6 resulting in enhanced SOCS3 expression. Interestingly, IL-6 also slows down the decay of TGF-β2 mRNA. Consistent with this mechanism, we found that TGF-β2 could antagonize IL-6 effect on cell survival in both γ-irradiation and UV light-induced apoptosis. Taken together, the finding shows that TGF-β2 serves as a negative regulator of IL-6 signaling and antagonizes the anti-apoptosis effect of IL-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Du
- School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 73000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjie Sun
- School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 73000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinning Liu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Nan
- School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 73000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Qin
- School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 73000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Wang
- School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 73000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jihui Guo
- School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 73000, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinbo Yang
- School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 73000, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
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A novel STAT3 inhibitor, STX-0119, attenuates liver fibrosis by inactivating hepatic stellate cells in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 513:49-55. [PMID: 30935693 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.03.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is characterized by formation of scar tissue in the liver. The role of STAT3 signaling has been implicated on activating hepatic stellate cells (HSC) to myofibroblast-like cells in liver fibrosis. Major factors that activate STAT3 signaling are TGF-β1 and IL-6, which are upregulated in the liver in patients afflicted with liver fibrosis. Recent reports indicate that not only IL-6, but also the non-canonical signaling pathway of TGF-β1 is associated with STAT3 signaling. In this study, we demonstrate a new function of the STAT3 inhibitor, STX-0119, in liver fibrosis. STX-0119 is an inhibitor of STAT3 dimerization, which is required for nuclear localization of STAT3. We first investigated the anti-fibrotic effect of STX-0119 in in vitro experiments. Exposure to STX-0119 inhibited the nuclear localization of STAT3 in HSCs, resulting in decreased expression of its target genes, such as col1a1 and αSMA. In addition, STX-0119 also inhibited the TGF-β1/IL-6-induced activation of HSCs. Next, we examined the in vivo effect of STX-0119 in the liver fibrosis mouse model using thioacetamide (TAA) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). STX-0119 attenuated the TAA-induced liver fibrosis by inhibiting activation of HSCs to myofibroblast-like cells. Consistent with the in vivo results using TAA-induced liver fibrosis model, treatment of STX-0119 similarly attenuated CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. In conclusion, we believe that STX-0119 inhibits the development of liver fibrosis by blocking the activation of hepatic stellate cells. These results indicate that STX-0119 is a potential new therapeutic strategy to prevent disease progression to cirrhosis.
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40
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Brasier AR. Mechanisms how mucosal innate immunity affects progression of allergic airway disease. Expert Rev Respir Med 2019; 13:349-356. [PMID: 30712413 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2019.1578211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Activation of antigen-independent inflammation (a.k.a. the 'innate' immune response (IIR)) plays a complex role in allergic asthma (AA). Although activation of the pulmonary IIR by aerosolized bacterial lipopolysaccharide early in life may be protective of AA, respiratory viral infections promote AA. The mechanisms how the mucosal IIR promotes allergic sensitization, remodeling, and altered epithelial signaling are not understood. Areas covered: This manuscript overviews: 1. Mechanistic studies identifying how allergens and viral patterns activate the mucosal IIR; 2. Research that reveals a major role played by specialized epithelial cells in the bronchiolar-alveolar junction in triggering inflammation and remodeling; 3. Reports linking the mucosal IIR with epithelial cell-state change and barrier disruption; and, 4. Observations relating mesenchymal transition with the expansion of the myofibroblast population. Expert commentary: Luminal allergens and viruses activate TLR signaling in key sentinel cells producing epithelial cell state transition, disrupting epithelial barrier function, and expanding the pulmonary myofibroblast population. These signals are transduced through a common NFκB/RelA -bromodomain containing four (BRD4) pathway, an epigenetic remodeling complex reprogramming the genome. Through this pathway, the mucosal IIR is a major modifier of adaptive immunity, AA and acute exacerbation-induced remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan R Brasier
- a Institute for Clinical and Translational Research , University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health , Madison , WI , USA
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41
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B7-H3 promotes multiple myeloma cell survival and proliferation by ROS-dependent activation of Src/STAT3 and c-Cbl-mediated degradation of SOCS3. Leukemia 2018; 33:1475-1486. [PMID: 30573782 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0331-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
B7-H3 (CD276) is broadly overexpressed by multiple human cancers. It plays a vital role in tumor progression and has been accepted as one of the inhibitory B7 family checkpoint molecules. To identify the functions and underlying mechanisms of B7-H3 in multiple myeloma, we analyzed B7-H3 expression in myeloma patients and used siRNAs and overexpression plasmid of B7-H3 to investigate its roles and downstream signaling molecules in myeloma cell lines. The results showed that surface expression of B7-H3 was upregulated in myeloma samples and cell lines. Lower expression of B7-H3 in myeloma cells was associated with better progression-free survival. Myeloma cell survival, drug resistance, and tumor growth could be promoted by B7-H3. The molecular basis for these functional roles of B7-H3 involved the activation of JAK2/STAT3 via redox-mediated oxidation and activation of Src. We further identified a STAT3-promoting signaling pathway by which oxidant-mediated Src phosphorylation led to secondary activation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase c-Cbl. Activated c-Cbl subsequently caused specific proteasomal degradation of SOCS3, a negative regulator of JAK2/STAT3. These data indicate B7-H3's important role in the activation of ROS/Src/c-Cbl pathway in multiple myeloma which integrates redox regulation and sustained STAT3 activation at the level of degradation of STAT3 suppressor.
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Zhang S, Liu Y, Zhang X, Zhu D, Qi X, Cao X, Fang Y, Che Y, Han ZC, He ZX, Han Z, Li Z. Prostaglandin E 2 hydrogel improves cutaneous wound healing via M2 macrophages polarization. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:5348-5361. [PMID: 30555551 PMCID: PMC6276096 DOI: 10.7150/thno.27385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is regulated by a complex series of events and overlapping phases. A delicate balance of cytokines and mediators in tissue repair is required for optimal therapy in clinical applications. Molecular imaging technologies, with their versatility in monitoring cellular and molecular events in living organisms, offer tangible options to better guide tissue repair by regulating the balance of cytokines and mediators at injured sites. Methods: A murine cutaneous wound healing model was developed to investigate if incorporation of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) into chitosan (CS) hydrogel (CS+PGE2 hydrogel) could enhance its therapeutic effects. Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) was used to noninvasively monitor the inflammation and angiogenesis processes at injured sites during wound healing. We also investigated the M1 and M2 paradigm of macrophage activation during wound healing. Results: CS hydrogel could prolong the release of PGE2, thereby improving its tissue repair and regeneration capabilities. Molecular imaging results showed that the prolonged release of PGE2 could ameliorate inflammation by promoting the M2 phenotypic transformation of macrophages. Also, CS+PGE2 hydrogel could augment angiogenesis at the injured sites during the early phase of tissue repair, as revealed by BLI. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that CS+PGE2 hydrogel could regulate the balance among the three overlapping phases—inflammation, regeneration (angiogenesis), and remodeling (fibrosis)—during cutaneous wound healing. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the potential of the CS+PGE2 hydrogel as a novel therapeutic strategy for promoting tissue regeneration via M2 macrophage polarization. Moreover, molecular imaging provides a platform for monitoring cellular and molecular events in real-time during tissue repair and facilitates the discovery of optimal therapeutics for injury repair by regulating the balance of cytokines and mediators at injured sites.
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Tian B, Hosoki K, Liu Z, Yang J, Zhao Y, Sun H, Zhou J, Rytting E, Kaphalia L, Calhoun WJ, Sur S, Brasier AR. Mucosal bromodomain-containing protein 4 mediates aeroallergen-induced inflammation and remodeling. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 143:1380-1394.e9. [PMID: 30321559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frequent exacerbations of allergic asthma lead to airway remodeling and a decrease in pulmonary function, producing morbidity. Cat dander is an aeroallergen associated with asthma risk. OBJECTIVE We sought to elucidate the mechanism of cat dander-induced inflammation-remodeling. METHODS We identified remodeling in mucosal samples from allergic asthma by using quantitative RT-PCR. We developed a model of aeroallergen-induced experimental asthma using repetitive cat dander extract exposure. We measured airway inflammation using immunofluorescence, leukocyte recruitment, and quantitative RT-PCR. Airway remodeling was measured by using histology, collagen content, myofibroblast numbers, and selected reaction monitoring. Inducible nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-BRD4 interaction was measured by using a proximity ligation assay in situ. RESULTS Enhanced mesenchymal signatures are observed in bronchial biopsy specimens from patients with allergic asthma. Cat dander induces innate inflammation through NF-κB signaling, followed by production of a profibrogenic mesenchymal transition in primary human small airway epithelial cells. The IκB kinase-NF-κB signaling pathway is required for mucosal inflammation-coupled airway remodeling and myofibroblast expansion in the mouse model of aeroallergen exposure. Cat dander induces NF-κB/RelA to complex with and activate BRD4, resulting in modifying the chromatin environment of inflammatory and fibrogenic genes through its atypical histone acetyltransferase activity. A novel small-molecule BRD4 inhibitor (ZL0454) disrupts BRD4 binding to the NF-κB-RNA polymerase II complex and inhibits its histone acetyltransferase activity. ZL0454 prevents epithelial mesenchymal transition, myofibroblast expansion, IgE sensitization, and fibrosis in airways of naive mice exposed to cat dander. CONCLUSIONS NF-κB-inducible BRD4 activity mediates cat dander-induced inflammation and remodeling. Therapeutic modulation of the NF-κB-BRD4 pathway affects allergen-induced inflammation, epithelial cell-state changes, extracellular matrix production, and expansion of the subepithelial myofibroblast population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Tian
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Tex; Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Tex
| | - Koa Hosoki
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Tex
| | - Zhiqing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Tex
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Tex; Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Tex
| | - Yingxin Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Tex; Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Tex; Institute for Translational Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Tex
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Tex
| | - Jia Zhou
- Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Tex; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Tex; Institute for Translational Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Tex
| | - Erik Rytting
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Tex
| | - Lata Kaphalia
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Tex
| | - William J Calhoun
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Tex; Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Tex; Institute for Translational Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Tex
| | - Sanjiv Sur
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Tex; Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Tex; Institute for Translational Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Tex
| | - Allan R Brasier
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis.
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Pedroza M, To S, Assassi S, Wu M, Tweardy D, Agarwal SK. Role of STAT3 in skin fibrosis and transforming growth factor beta signalling. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2018; 57:1838-1850. [PMID: 29029263 PMCID: PMC6152423 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective SSc is an autoimmune disease characterized by progressive fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. IL-6 and related cytokines that signal through STAT3 have been implicated in the pathogenesis of SSc and mouse models of fibrosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of inhibiting STAT3 in the development of fibrosis in two mouse models of skin fibrosis. Methods Biopsy samples of skin from SSc patients and healthy control subjects were used to determine the expression pattern of phosphotyrosyl (pY705)-STAT3. C188-9, a small molecule inhibitor of STAT3, was used to treat fibrosis in the bleomycin-induced fibrosis model and Tsk-1 mice. In vitro studies were performed to determine the extent to which STAT3 regulates the fibrotic phenotype of dermal fibroblasts. Results Increased STAT3 and pY705-STAT3 was observed in SSc skin biopsies and in both mouse models of SSc. STAT3 inhibition with C188-9 resulted in attenuated skin fibrosis, myofibroblast accumulation, pro-fibrotic gene expression and collagen deposition in both mouse models of skin fibrosis. C188-9 decreased in vitro dermal fibroblast production of fibrotic genes induced by IL-6 trans-signalling and TGF-β. Finally, TGF-β induced phosphotyrosylation of STAT3 in a SMAD3-dependent manner. Conclusion STAT3 inhibition decreases dermal fibrosis in two models of SSc. STAT3 regulates dermal fibroblasts function in vitro and can be activated by TGF-β. These data suggest that STAT3 is a potential therapeutic target for dermal fibrosis in diseases such as SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mesias Pedroza
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sarah To
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shervin Assassi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Minghua Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David Tweardy
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Internal Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Oncology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sandeep K Agarwal
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Pirfenidone Ointment Modulates the Burn Wound Bed in C57BL/6 Mice by Suppressing Inflammatory Responses. Inflammation 2018; 42:45-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0871-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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46
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Do NN, Willenborg S, Eckes B, Jüngst C, Sengle G, Zaucke F, Eming SA. Myeloid Cell–Restricted STAT3 Signaling Controls a Cell-Autonomous Antifibrotic Repair Program. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:663-674. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Oh RS, Haak AJ, Smith KMJ, Ligresti G, Choi KM, Xie T, Wang S, Walters PR, Thompson MA, Freeman MR, Manlove LJ, Chu VM, Feghali-Bostwick C, Roden AC, Schymeinsky J, Pabelick CM, Prakash YS, Vassallo R, Tschumperlin DJ. RNAi screening identifies a mechanosensitive ROCK-JAK2-STAT3 network central to myofibroblast activation. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.209932. [PMID: 29678906 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.209932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Myofibroblasts play key roles in wound healing and pathological fibrosis. Here, we used an RNAi screen to characterize myofibroblast regulatory genes, using a high-content imaging approach to quantify α-smooth muscle actin stress fibers in cultured human fibroblasts. Screen hits were validated on physiological compliance hydrogels, and selected hits tested in primary fibroblasts from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Our RNAi screen led to the identification of STAT3 as an essential mediator of myofibroblast activation and function. Strikingly, we found that STAT3 phosphorylation, while responsive to exogenous ligands on both soft and stiff matrices, is innately active on a stiff matrix in a ligand/receptor-independent, but ROCK- and JAK2-dependent fashion. These results demonstrate how a cytokine-inducible signal can become persistently activated by pathological matrix stiffening. Consistent with a pivotal role for this pathway in driving persistent fibrosis, a STAT3 inhibitor attenuated murine pulmonary fibrosis when administered in a therapeutic fashion after bleomycin injury. Our results identify novel genes essential for the myofibroblast phenotype, and point to STAT3 as an important target in pulmonary fibrosis and other fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond S Oh
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Andrew J Haak
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Karry M J Smith
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Giovanni Ligresti
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Kyoung Moo Choi
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Tiao Xie
- Image and Data Analysis Core, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shaohua Wang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Paula R Walters
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Michael A Thompson
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Michelle R Freeman
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Logan J Manlove
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Vivian M Chu
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Carol Feghali-Bostwick
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Anja C Roden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jürgen Schymeinsky
- Department of Respiratory Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach, Germany
| | - Christina M Pabelick
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Y S Prakash
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Robert Vassallo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Daniel J Tschumperlin
- Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Fan D, Xia Q, Wu S, Ye S, Liu L, Wang W, Guo X, Liu Z. Mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of Cesarean section skin scars: study protocol for a randomized, controlled trial. Trials 2018; 19:155. [PMID: 29499740 PMCID: PMC5834835 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-018-2478-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cesarean delivery has already become a very common method of delivery around the world, especially in low-income countries. Hypertrophic scars and wound infections have affected younger mothers and frustrated obstetricians for a long time. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have strong potential for self-renewal and differentiation to multilineage cells. Previous studies have demonstrated that MSCs are involved in enhancing diabetic wound healing. Therefore, this study is designed to investigate the safety and efficacy of using MSCs in the treatment of Cesarean section skin scars. Methods This trial is a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-center trial with three parallel groups. Ninety eligible participants will be randomly allocated to placebo, low-dose (transdermal hydrogel MSCs; 3 × 106 cells) or high-dose (transdermal hydrogel MSCs; 6 × 106 cells) groups at a 1:1:1 allocation ratio according to a randomization list, once a day for six consecutive days. Study duration will last for 6 months, comprising a 1 week run-in period and 24 weeks of follow-up. The primary aim of this trial is to compare the difference in Vancouver Scar Scale rating among the three groups at the 6th month. Adverse events, including severe and slight signs or symptoms, will be documented in case report forms. The study will be conducted at the Department of Obstetric of Southern Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan. Discussion This trial is the first investigation of the potential for therapeutic use of MSCs for the management of women’s skin scar after Cesarean delivery. The results will give us an effective therapeutic strategy to combat Cesarean section skin scars, even with uterine scarring. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02772289. Registered on 10 May 2016. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13063-018-2478-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dazhi Fan
- Department of Obstetrics, Southern Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, 11 Renminxi Road, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China.,Foshan Institute of Fetal Medicine, Southern Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Qing Xia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.,Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, Tasmania, 7000, Australia
| | - Shuzhen Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, Southern Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, 11 Renminxi Road, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China.,Foshan Institute of Fetal Medicine, Southern Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Shaoxin Ye
- Department of Obstetrics, Southern Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, 11 Renminxi Road, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China.,Foshan Institute of Fetal Medicine, Southern Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.,First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Southern Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, 11 Renminxi Road, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China.,Foshan Institute of Fetal Medicine, Southern Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China
| | - Xiaoling Guo
- Department of Obstetrics, Southern Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, 11 Renminxi Road, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China. .,Foshan Institute of Fetal Medicine, Southern Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China.
| | - Zhengping Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Southern Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, 11 Renminxi Road, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China. .,Foshan Institute of Fetal Medicine, Southern Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong, 528000, China.
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Zuo J, Chen Z, Zhong X, Lan W, Kuang Y, Huang D. FBP1 is highly expressed in human hypertrophic scars and increases fibroblast proliferation, apoptosis, and collagen expression. Connect Tissue Res 2018; 59:120-128. [PMID: 28362515 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2017.1311327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE FBP1, one of the far-upstream element binding proteins(FBPs), is a distal upstream binding protein of c-myc, which is highly expressed in tumor tissues. This study aimed to investigate FBP1 expression in human hypertrophic scars and to determine the effects of FBP1 on fibroblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human normal skin and scar specimens were collected during clinical surgery. One portion of each tissue specimen was embedded in paraffin and sliced to observe differences in histological features and FBP1 expression by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. The other portion of each tissue specimen was cultured to obtain fibroblasts. Fibroblasts from the second to the sixth passage were used for the experiments, which were divided into the following two groups: an experimental group, whose cells were transfected with an siRNA targeting FBP1, and a control group, whose cells where not transfected. MTT and TUNEL assays were performed, respectively, to assess fibroblast proliferation and apoptosis, and western blotting was performed to assess protein expression. RESULTS We obtained fibroblasts by primary tissue culture and found that FBP1 was highly expressed in hypertrophic scars. MTT assay showed that an siRNA targeting FBP1 significantly reduced fibroblast proliferation in siRNA-treated cells compared to control cells. TUNEL assay showed that there was no difference in apoptosis between the two groups; however, western blotting showed that collagen I, collagen III, c-myc, caspase-3, and caspase-9 expression levels were all decreased in the experimental group. CONCLUSION FBP1 is highly expressed in human hypertrophic scars and increases fibroblast proliferation, apoptosis and collagen expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyi Zuo
- a Department of Graduate School , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China.,b Department of Trauma and Microsurgery , Guangdong No. 2 People's Hospital , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zhiying Chen
- b Department of Trauma and Microsurgery , Guangdong No. 2 People's Hospital , Guangzhou , China
| | - Xinchao Zhong
- c Guangzhou Exon Biotechnology Co., Ltd , Guangzhou , China
| | - Wanli Lan
- b Department of Trauma and Microsurgery , Guangdong No. 2 People's Hospital , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yizhen Kuang
- b Department of Trauma and Microsurgery , Guangdong No. 2 People's Hospital , Guangzhou , China
| | - Dong Huang
- a Department of Graduate School , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China.,b Department of Trauma and Microsurgery , Guangdong No. 2 People's Hospital , Guangzhou , China
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Deng J, Shi Y, Gao Z, Zhang W, Wu X, Cao W, Liu W. Inhibition of Pathological Phenotype of Hypertrophic Scar Fibroblasts Via Coculture with Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 24:382-393. [PMID: 28562226 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jingcheng Deng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Tissue Engineering Key Laboratory, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Shi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Tissue Engineering Key Laboratory, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Gao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Tissue Engineering Key Laboratory, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Tissue Engineering Key Laboratory, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Tissue Engineering Key Laboratory, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Weigang Cao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Tissue Engineering Key Laboratory, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Tissue Engineering Key Laboratory, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
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