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Davis AE, Kennelley GE, Amaye-Obu T, Jowdy PF, Ghadersohi S, Nasir-Moin M, Paragh G, Berman HA, Huss WJ. The phenomenon of phototoxicity and long-term risks of commonly prescribed and structurally diverse drugs. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY 2024; 19:100221. [PMID: 38389933 PMCID: PMC10883358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Photosensitivity to structurally diverse drugs is a common but under-reported adverse cutaneous reaction and can be classified as phototoxic or photoallergic. Phototoxic reactions occur when the skin is exposed to sunlight after administering topical or systemic medications that exhibit photosensitizing activity. These reactions depend on the dose of medication, degree of exposure to ultraviolet light, type of ultraviolet light, and sufficient skin distribution volume. Accurate prediction of the incidence and phototoxic response severity is challenging due to a paucity of literature, suggesting that phototoxicity may be more frequent than reported. This paper reports an extensive literature review on phototoxic drugs; the review employed pre-determined search criteria that included meta-analyses, systematic reviews, literature reviews, and case reports freely available in full text. Additional reports were identified from reference sections that contributed to the understanding of phototoxicity. The following drugs and/or drug classes are discussed: amiodarone, voriconazole, chlorpromazine, doxycycline, fluoroquinolones, hydrochlorothiazide, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and vemurafenib. In reviewing phototoxic skin reactions, this review highlights drug molecular structures, their reactive pathways, and, as there is a growing association between photosensitizing drugs and the increasing incidence of skin cancer, the consequential long-term implications of photocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Davis
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Gabrielle E Kennelley
- Department of Dermatology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48858, USA
| | - Tatiana Amaye-Obu
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Peter F Jowdy
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Sarah Ghadersohi
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Mehr Nasir-Moin
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Gyorgy Paragh
- Department of Dermatology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Harvey A Berman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Romanell Center for the Philosophy of Medicine and Bioethics, Park Hall University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Wendy J Huss
- Department of Dermatology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Wang P, Chen B, Huang Y, Li J, Cao D, Chen Z, Li J, Ran B, Yang J, Wang R, Wei Q, Dong Q, Liu L. The relationship between nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and cancer incidence: An umbrella review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23203. [PMID: 38312641 PMCID: PMC10834481 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Several clinical and preclinical studies have shown that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), particularly aspirin, reduce the incidence of various cancer types. However, there is still a lack of literature evaluating the overall association between multiple cancer morbidities and NSAIDs. Thus, we conducted an umbrella review to evaluate the quality of evidence, validity, and biases of the existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the relationships between NSAIDS and multiple tumor incidence outcomes. We found that NSAIDs might be associated with a decreased risk of several cancers, including the central nervous system, breast, esophageal, gastric, head and neck, hepatocellular, cholangiocarcinoma, colorectal, endometrial, lung, ovary, prostate, and pancreatic cancers, but regular intake of any dose of non-aspirin NSAIDs (NA-NSAIDs) could increase the incidence of kidney cancer. However, most of included studies are evaluated as low quality according to our evidence assessment. Furthermore, due to the potential side effects, such as hemorrhage, digestive symptoms and peptic ulcer, it is still not recommend to use NSAIDs regularly to prevent cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puze Wang
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yin Huang
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dehong Cao
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinze Li
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Biao Ran
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiahao Yang
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruyi Wang
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Urology, Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangren Liu
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Stratigos AJ, Garbe C, Dessinioti C, Lebbe C, van Akkooi A, Bataille V, Bastholt L, Dreno B, Dummer R, Fargnoli MC, Forsea AM, Harwood CA, Hauschild A, Hoeller C, Kandolf-Sekulovic L, Kaufmann R, Kelleners-Smeets NW, Lallas A, Leiter U, Malvehy J, Del Marmol V, Moreno-Ramirez D, Pellacani G, Peris K, Saiag P, Tagliaferri L, Trakatelli M, Ioannides D, Vieira R, Zalaudek I, Arenberger P, Eggermont AMM, Röcken M, Grob JJ, Lorigan P. European consensus-based interdisciplinary guideline for invasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Part 1: Diagnostics and prevention-Update 2023. Eur J Cancer 2023; 193:113251. [PMID: 37717283 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2023.113251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Invasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is one of the most common cancers in white populations, accounting for 20% of all cutaneous malignancies. Overall, cSCC mostly has very good prognosis after treatment, with 5-year cure rates greater than 90%. Despite the overall favourable prognosis and the proportionally rare deaths, cSCC is associated with a high total number of deaths due to its high incidence. A collaboration of multidisciplinary experts from the European Association of Dermato-Oncology (EADO), the European Dermatology Forum (EDF), the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO), the European Union of Medical Specialists (UEMS), the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV) and the European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), was formed to update recommendations on cSCC, based on current literature and expert consensus. Part 1 of the guidelines addresses the updates on classification, epidemiology, diagnosis, risk stratification, staging and prevention in immunocompetent as well as immunosuppressed patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Stratigos
- First Department of Dermatology-Venereology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Andreas Sygros Hospital, Athens, Greece.
| | - Claus Garbe
- Centre for Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Clio Dessinioti
- First Department of Dermatology-Venereology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Andreas Sygros Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Celeste Lebbe
- Université Paris Cite, Dermato-Oncology AP-HP Hôpital Saint Louis, Cancer Institute APHP. Nord-Université Paris Cite, INSERM U976, Paris, France
| | - Alexander van Akkooi
- Department of Melanoma and Surgical Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Lars Bastholt
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Brigitte Dreno
- Nantes Université, INSERM, CNRS, Immunology and New Concepts in ImmunoTherapy, INCIT, UMR 1302/EMR6001, Nantes, France
| | - Reinhard Dummer
- Skin Cancer Centre at University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maria Concetta Fargnoli
- Dermatology Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Ana Maria Forsea
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Department of Oncologic Dermatology, Elias University Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Catherine A Harwood
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Axel Hauschild
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital (UKSH), Kiel, Germany
| | - Christoph Hoeller
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Roland Kaufmann
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Frankfurt University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nicole Wj Kelleners-Smeets
- GROW-School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Dermatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Aimilios Lallas
- First Department of Dermatology, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ulrike Leiter
- Centre for Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Josep Malvehy
- Dermatology Department of Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBER de enfermedades raras, Instituto Carlos III, Barcelona Spain
| | - Veronique Del Marmol
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - David Moreno-Ramirez
- Department of Medical and Surgical Dermatology Service, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Ketty Peris
- UOC di Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche Addominali ed Endocrino Metaboliche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Dermatologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Philippe Saiag
- Department of General and Oncologic Dermatology, Ambroise-Paré hospital, APHP, and EA 4340 'Biomarkers in Cancerology and Hemato-oncology', UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Luca Tagliaferri
- UOC Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Myrto Trakatelli
- Department of Dermatology, Papageorgiou Hospital, Aristotle University Department of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Ricardo Vieira
- Department of Dermatology Coimbra Hospital and University Centre, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Iris Zalaudek
- Department of Dermatology, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Petr Arenberger
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alexander M M Eggermont
- University Medical Center Utrecht and Princess Máxima Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Comprehensive Cancer Center Munich, Technical University Munich and Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Röcken
- Centre for Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | - Paul Lorigan
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Department of Medical Oncology, Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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4
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Russomanno K, Abdel Azim S, Patel VA. Immunomodulators for Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers: Updated Perspectives. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2023; 16:1025-1045. [PMID: 37095898 PMCID: PMC10122480 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s362171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) are the most common cancers worldwide and may be associated with significant morbidity and mortality, especially in immunosuppressed populations. Successful management of NMSC must take primary, secondary and tertiary prevention strategies into consideration. In response to an improved understanding of the pathophysiology of NMSC and associated risk factors, multiple systemic and topical immunomodulatory drugs have been developed and integrated into clinical practice. Many of these drugs are efficacious in the prevention and treatment of precursor lesions (actinic keratoses; AKs), low-risk NMSC, and advanced disease. The identification of patients at high risk for the development of NMSC is critical in reducing disease morbidity. Understanding the various treatment options available and their comparative effectiveness is paramount for developing a personalized treatment regimen for such patients. This review article provides an updated overview of the various topical and systemic immunomodulatory drugs available for the prevention and treatment of NMSC, and the published data supporting their use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Russomanno
- Department of Dermatology, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital/Medstar Medical Group, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sara Abdel Azim
- School of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Vishal A Patel
- Department of Dermatology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- Correspondence: Vishal A Patel, Department of Dermatology, George Washington University, 2150 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, 2nd Floor, Washington, DC, 20037, USA, Tel +1 202 741 2600, Email
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5
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Candido TZ, de Paiva REF, Figueiredo MC, de Oliveira Coser L, Frajácomo SCL, Abbehausen C, Cardinalli IA, Lustri WR, Carvalho JE, Ruiz ALTG, Corbi PP, Lima CSP. Silver Nimesulide Complex in Bacterial Cellulose Membranes as an Innovative Therapeutic Method for Topical Treatment of Skin Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020462. [PMID: 35214194 PMCID: PMC8877292 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation act on skin squamous cell carcinoma (SSCC) development and progression. Curative therapy for SSCC patients is mainly based on surgical resection, which can cause various sequelae. Silver ions have in vitro activities over tumor cells, while nimesulide has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a silver(I) complex with nimesulide (AgNMS) incorporated in a sustained release device based on bacterial cellulose membrane, named AgNMS@BCM, on topic SSCC treatment. The antiproliferative effect of AgNMS complex was evaluated in the SCC4, SCC15 and FaDu SCC lines. AgNMS complex activity on exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) residues and multicaspase activation were evaluated on FaDu cells by flow cytometry. The AgNMS@BCM effects were evaluated in a SSCC model induced by 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene/12-o-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (DMBA/TPA) in mice. Toxicity and tumor size were evaluated throughout the study. AgNMS complex showed antiproliferative activity in SCC15 and FaDu lines in low to moderate concentrations (67.3 µM and 107.3 µM, respectively), and induced multicaspase activation on FaDu cells. The AgNMS@BCM did not induce toxicity and reduced tumor size up to 100%. Thus, the application of AgNMS@BCM was effective and safe in SSCC treatment in mice, and can be seen as a potential and safe agent for topic treatment of SSCC in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuany Zambroti Candido
- Department of Anesthesiology, Oncology and Radiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil;
| | | | - Mariana Cecchetto Figueiredo
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil;
| | - Lilian de Oliveira Coser
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil;
| | | | - Camilla Abbehausen
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil; (R.E.F.d.P.); (C.A.); (P.P.C.)
| | | | - Wilton Rogerio Lustri
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, University of Araraquara-UNIARA, Araraquara 14801-320, SP, Brazil; (S.C.L.F.); (W.R.L.)
| | - João Ernesto Carvalho
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-871, SP, Brazil; (J.E.C.); (A.L.T.G.R.)
| | - Ana Lucia Tasca Gois Ruiz
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-871, SP, Brazil; (J.E.C.); (A.L.T.G.R.)
| | - Pedro Paulo Corbi
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil; (R.E.F.d.P.); (C.A.); (P.P.C.)
| | - Carmen Silvia Passos Lima
- Department of Anesthesiology, Oncology and Radiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-19-3521-9120
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6
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Chang MS, Azin M, Demehri S. Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: The Frontier of Cancer Immunoprevention. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 17:101-119. [PMID: 35073167 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-042320-120056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common cancer, with its incidence rising steeply. Immunosuppression is a well-established risk factor for cSCC, and this risk factor highlights the critical role of the immune system in regulating cSCC development and progression. Further highlighting the nature of cSCC as an immunological disorder, substantial evidence demonstrates a tight association between cSCC risk and age-related immunosenescence. Besides the proven efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade therapy for advanced cSCC, novel immunotherapy that targets cSCC precursor lesions has shown efficacy for cSCC prevention. Furthermore, the appreciation of the interplay between keratinocytes, commensal papillomaviruses, and the immune system has revealed the possibility for the development of a preventive cSCC vaccine. cSCC shares fundamental aspects of its origin and pathogenesis with mucosal SCCs. Therefore, advances in the field of cSCC immunoprevention will inform our approach to the management of mucosal SCCs and potentially other epithelial cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marjan Azin
- Center for Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Shadmehr Demehri
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA; .,Center for Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
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7
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de Haan-Du J, Landman GWD, Groenier KH, Vissers PAJ, Louwman MWJ, Kleefstra N, de Bock GH. The Risk of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Receiving Hydrochlorothiazide: A Cohort Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021; 30:2114-2121. [PMID: 34493493 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-0620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because of continuous hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia and the use of photosensitizing drug, hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), the risk of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) might be increased among patients with diabetes. This study aimed to estimate the risk of cSCC among HCTZ users with type 2 diabetes, and to determine whether thiazide-like diuretics, another drug in the same class with HCTZ, would be safer. METHODS We linked the benchmarking database in Dutch primary care, the Netherlands Cancer Registry, and the Dutch Personal Records Database (1998-2019). All 71,648 patients were included, except for those who had a history of skin cancer prior to cohort entry. We used Cox modeling to estimate the HRs and 95% confidence intervals for cSCC. The model was adjusted by cumulative exposure to each antihypertensive, age, sex, smoking, body mass index, blood pressure, serum creatinine, other confounding drug use at cohort entry, and cohort entry year. RESULTS There were 1,409 cSCC events (23 among thiazide-like diuretics users), during a follow-up of 679,789 person-years. Compared with no HCTZ use, the adjusted HRs for HCTZ use were 1.18 (1.00-1.40) for ≤2 years, 1.57 (1.32-1.88) for 2 to 4 years, and 2.09 (1.73-2.52) for >4 years. The HR was 0.90 (0.79-1.03) for an additional year of thiazide-like diuretic use. CONCLUSIONS In patients with diabetes, exposure to HCTZ for >2 years is associated with an increased risk of cSCC, whereas no increased risk associated with thiazide-like diuretics was observed. IMPACT The potential increased risk of cSCC should be a consideration when prescribing HCTZ, with thiazide-like diuretics offering a safer alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing de Haan-Du
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Gijs W D Landman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Gelre Hospital, Apeldoorn, the Netherlands.,Langerhans Medical Research Group, Ommen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Pauline A J Vissers
- Department of Research and development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL), Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marieke W J Louwman
- Department of Research and development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL), Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nanne Kleefstra
- Langerhans Medical Research Group, Ommen, the Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Groningen, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Forensic Psychiatry, GGZ Drenthe Mental Health Institute, Assen, the Netherlands
| | - Geertruida H de Bock
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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8
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Zhang J, Wang Y, Wijaya WA, Liang Z, Chen J. Efficacy and prognostic factors of adjuvant radiotherapy for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:1777-1787. [PMID: 33930213 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Although adjuvant radiotherapy has been used for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, its outcome benefits, especially for patients with clear surgical margins, have not been statistically estimated, and the characteristics that can indicate patients who require adjuvant therapy need to be validated with more evidence. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of literature on the survival outcomes and prognostic factors in patients with cSCC treated by surgery with or without adjuvant radiotherapy. Twenty related studies involving 2605 patients met our inclusion criteria. The significant survival outcomes of adjuvant radiotherapy included lower recurrence (OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.36-0.85), longer disease-free survival (OR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.23-3.83) and longer overall survival (OR, 2.94; 95% CI, 1.75-4.91). Significant prognostic factors for poor outcomes were perineural invasion (HR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.24-2.09), involved surgical margins (HR, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.42-3.83) and immunosuppression (HR, 3.02; 95% CI, 2.14-4.25) while adjuvant radiotherapy significantly contributed to better overall survival (HR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.34-0.65). In conclusion, this systematic review suggests that in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma patients with risk factors, including metastasis to the parotid gland, perineural invasion and immunosuppression, the use of adjuvant radiotherapy may be beneficial irrespective of surgical margin status.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - W A Wijaya
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Z Liang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - J Chen
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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9
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The role of drugs and selected dietary factors in cutaneous squamous cell carcinogenesis. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2021; 38:198-204. [PMID: 34408589 PMCID: PMC8362749 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2021.106196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma represents the second most common non-melanoma skin cancer and its incidence increases worldwide. This review provides an overview of selected exogenous risk factors for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, which include drugs (azathioprine, calcineurin inhibitors, hydrochlorothiazide, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors) and few dietary factors (fat meet, whole milk products, arsenic) to better understand squamous skin cancer etiopathogenesis. Ingredients such as leafy vegetables, nuts, fish, caffeine, niacin are preventive factors for cutaneous squamous cell cancer. The heart transplant recipients have an increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma development than kidney or liver transplant ones and switching photosensitizing azathioprine to mycophenolate mofetil can reduce the incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. The great attention should be paid to early change of cardiac photosensitizing antihypertensive drugs to non-photosensitizing ones among patients with a history of prior skin cancers and among organ transplant recipients. Based on current knowledge that ultra-violet radiation is the main risk factor for squamous cell carcinoma development, promotion of the skin self-examination, photoprotection, tanning bed avoidance and early skin cancer diagnosis is important for this tumour prevention.
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10
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Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: From Pathophysiology to Novel Therapeutic Approaches. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020171. [PMID: 33572373 PMCID: PMC7916193 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), a non-melanoma skin cancer, is a keratinocyte carcinoma representing one of the most common cancers with an increasing incidence. cSCC could be in situ (e.g., Bowen’s disease) or an invasive form. A significant cSCC risk factor is advanced age, together with cumulative sun exposure, fair skin, prolonged immunosuppression, and previous skin cancer diagnoses. Although most cSCCs can be treated by surgery, a fraction of them recur and metastasize, leading to death. cSCC could arise de novo or be the result of a progression of the actinic keratosis, an in situ carcinoma. The multistage process of cSCC development and progression is characterized by mutations in the genes involved in epidermal homeostasis and by several alterations, such as epigenetic modifications, viral infections, or microenvironmental changes. Thus, cSCC development is a gradual process with several histological- and pathological-defined stages. Dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy enhanced the diagnostic accuracy of cSCC. Surgical excision is the first-line treatment for invasive cSCC. Moreover, radiotherapy may be considered as a primary treatment in patients not candidates for surgery. Extensive studies of cSCC pathogenic mechanisms identified several pharmaceutical targets and allowed the development of new systemic therapies, including immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as Cemiplimab, and epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors for metastatic and locally advanced cSCC. Furthermore, the implementation of prevention measures has been useful in patient management.
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11
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European interdisciplinary guideline on invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the skin: Part 1. epidemiology, diagnostics and prevention. Eur J Cancer 2020; 128:60-82. [PMID: 32113941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Invasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is one of the most common cancers in the white populations, accounting for 20% of all cutaneous malignancies. Factors implicated in cSCC etiopathogenesis include ultraviolet radiation exposure and chronic photoaging, age, male sex, immunosuppression, smoking and genetic factors. A collaboration of multidisciplinary experts from the European Dermatology Forum (EDF), the European Association of Dermato-Oncology (EADO) and the European Organisation of Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) was formed to update recommendations on cSCC classification, diagnosis, risk stratification, staging and prevention, based on current literature, staging systems and expert consensus. Common cSCCs are typically indolent tumors, and most have a good prognosis with 5-year cure rates of greater than 90%, and a low rate of metastases (<4%). Further risk stratification into low-risk or high-risk common primary cSCC is recommended based on proposed high-risk factors. Advanced cSCC is classified as locally advanced (lacSCC), and metastatic (mcSCC) including locoregional metastatic or distant metastatic cSCC. Current systems used for staging include the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th edition, the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) 8th edition, and Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH) system. Physical examination for all cSCCs should include total body skin examination and clinical palpation of lymph nodes, especially of the draining basins. Radiologic imaging such as ultrasound of the regional lymph nodes, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) scans are recommended for staging of high-risk cSCC. Sentinel lymph node biopsy is currently not recommended. Nicotinamide, oral retinoids, and topical 5-FU have been used for the chemoprevention of subsequent cSCCs in high-risk patients but are not routinely recommended. Education about sun protection measures including reducing sun exposure, use of protective clothing, regular use of sunscreens and avoidance of artificial tanning, is recommended.
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Song Y, Zhong X, Gao P, Zhou C, Shi J, Wu Z, Guo Z, Wang Z. Aspirin and Its Potential Preventive Role in Cancer: An Umbrella Review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:3. [PMID: 32038497 PMCID: PMC6989406 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Aspirin is one of the most commonly prescribed drugs worldwide and has been reported to possess anti-cancer properties in addition to antipyretic and analgesic effects. This umbrella review summarizes systematic reviews and meta-analyses that investigate the association between aspirin and cancer risk, aiming to help clinical and public health decision-makers interpret the results of these studies when re-positioning aspirin. Methods: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Results: The associations that reached statistical significance (17 in total) indicated potential preventive effects of aspirin on certain cancers or precancerous lesions. We found that no association was supported by strong evidence. Only one association (aspirin and overall cancer risk) was supported by highly suggestive evidence. The evidence supporting the association between aspirin and the risk of breast cancer, non-cardia gastric cancer, or prostate cancer was considered to be highly suggestive. The remaining 23 associations were supported by weak (13) or not suggestive evidence (10). Conclusions: The association between aspirin and a reduced risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is supported by strong evidence, researchers and policy makers should pay more attention to the potential merit of repositioning aspirin to prevent esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
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Hicks BM, Kristensen KB, Pedersen SA, Hölmich LR, Pottegård A. Hormone replacement therapy and the risk of melanoma in post-menopausal women. Hum Reprod 2019; 34:2418-2429. [PMID: 31803923 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dez222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is hormone replacement therapy (HRT) associated with an increased risk of melanoma skin cancer or prognostic outcomes amongst post-menopausal women? SUMMARY ANSWER Whilst we found evidence of an association with melanoma risk, the lack of dose-response and associations observed with recent use, localised disease and intravaginal oestrogens suggests this is a non-causal association. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Evidence on HRT and melanoma risk remains inconclusive, with studies providing conflicting results. Furthermore, evidence on melanoma survival is sparse, with only one previous study reporting protective associations with HRT use, likely attributable to immortal time bias. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION We conducted a nation-wide population-based case-control study and a retrospective cohort study utilising the Danish healthcare registries. Case-control analyses included 8279 women aged 45-85 with a first-ever diagnosis of malignant melanoma between 2000 and 2015, matched by age and calendar time to 165 580 population controls. A cohort of 6575 patients with a diagnosis of primary malignant melanoma between 2000 and 2013 and followed through 2015 was examined to determine if HRT use had an impact on melanoma survival outcomes. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Based on prescriptions dispensed since 1995, ever-use of HRT was defined as having filled at least one prescription for HRT prior to the index date. In total, 2629 cases (31.8%) and 47 026 controls (28.4%) used HRT. Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) for melanoma risk according to HRT use, compared with non-use, adjusting for potential confounders. For cohort analyses, Cox proportional hazards models was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for second melanoma incidence and all-cause mortality associated with HRT. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE High use of HRT was associated with an OR of 1.21 (95% CI 1.13-1.29) for melanoma risk, with no evidence of a dose-response pattern. Results were most pronounced amongst recent high users (OR, 1.28; 95% CI 1.17-1.41), for localised disease (OR, 1.25; 95% CI 1.15-1.36) and for intravaginal oestrogen therapy (OR, 1.38; 95% CI 1.13-1.68). Compared with non-use, there was no evidence of an association for secondary melanoma for post-diagnostic new-use (fully adjusted HR, 1.56; 95% CI 0.64-3.80) or continuous HRT use (fully adjusted HR, 1.26; 95% CI 0.89-1.78). Similar associations were observed for all-cause mortality. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Despite the large sample size and the use of robust population-based registries with almost complete coverage, we lacked information on some important confounders including sun exposure. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Whilst we cannot rule out an association between HRT use and melanoma risk, the associations observed are also compatible with increased healthcare utilisation and thus increased melanoma detection amongst HRT users. No association between HRT use and melanoma survival outcomes was observed. This should provide some reassurance to patients and clinicians, particularly concerning the use of HRT in patients with a history of melanoma. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) B.M.H. is funded by a Cancer Research UK Population Research Postdoctoral Fellowship. The funding source had no influence on the design or conduct of this study. A.P. reports participation in research projects funded by Alcon, Almirall, Astellas, Astra-Zeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Servier, Novo Nordisk and LEO Pharma, all with funds paid to the institution where he was employed (no personal fees) and with no relation to the work reported in this article. The other authors have no competing interests to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Hicks
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - K B Kristensen
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - S A Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - L R Hölmich
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - A Pottegård
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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14
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Ratib S, Burden-Teh E, Leonardi-Bee J, Harwood C, Bath-Hextall F. Long-term topical corticosteroid use and risk of skin cancer: a systematic review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 16:1387-1397. [PMID: 29894408 DOI: 10.11124/jbisrir-2017-003393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this systematic review was to synthesize available research evidence to determine the risk of skin cancer in patients with long-term use of topical corticosteroids (TCS). INTRODUCTION Topical corticosteroids are one of the most commonly prescribed medicines in dermatology and the mainstay of the treatment of atopic dermatitis and other skin conditions such as psoriasis. They are often required for months or years to control the disease and ultimately restore patients' quality of life. In some patients, TCS may have a local immunosuppressive effect and theoretically increase the risk of skin cancer, whilst on the other hand TCS may decrease the risk of skin cancer in patients where TCS are used to treat inflammatory skin disease. To date, no systematic review has been performed to collate evidence on the effect of long-term TCS use on the risk of skin cancer. INCLUSION CRITERIA This review considered studies that included people of all ages, genders and ethnicities, including HIV and transplant participants or participants with genetic diseases (for example, Gorlin-Goltz syndrome) This review considered studies that evaluated long-term use of topical corticosteroids. "Long-term" was defined as using TCS more than once a week for a month or longer. The review included cohort, cross-sectional and case-control observational studies exploring the association between the stated intervention and outcomes. The primary outcome measures of interest were: non-melanoma skin cancer (keratinocyte carcinoma), cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSSC), basal cell carcinoma (BCC) or melanoma skin cancer. Genital and oral skin cancers are considered to be slightly different so we did not include them in this review. METHODS We performed a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, Embase and LILACS on November 9, 2017 to identify observational epidemiological studies assessing the association between long-term TCS use and skin cancer. We also searched EThOS at the British Library and three drug safety databases to identify unpublished work. The titles, abstracts and full text identified from the search were assessed independently by two authors against pre-specified inclusion/exclusion criteria. Methodological quality was not assessed as no articles were found which met the inclusion criteria. Data extraction was not possible as no articles were found which met the inclusion criteria. It was not possible to complete data synthesis as no articles were found which met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS A total of 1703 potentially relevant studies were identified following a comprehensive electronic search. After abstract and title screening, 51 full texts were assessed for eligibility criteria. Of these, no study met the inclusion criteria. No additional records were identified from searching unpublished literature. CONCLUSIONS We did not find any studies that could help us establish if long-term TCS use is associated with skin cancer. Future research using primary care databases might give a better understanding regarding long-term use of TCS and skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Ratib
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Esther Burden-Teh
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jo Leonardi-Bee
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,The Nottingham Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare: a Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence
| | | | - Fiona Bath-Hextall
- The Nottingham Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare: a Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence
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15
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Ma Y, Yu P, Lin S, Li Q, Fang Z, Huang Z. The association between nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and skin cancer: Different responses in American and European populations. Pharmacol Res 2019; 152:104499. [PMID: 31689521 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To conduct a comprehensive systematic meta-analysis investigating the association of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and their subtypes with skin cancer (SC) and its subclasses (basal cell carcinoma BCC; squamous cell carcinoma SCC; melanoma; nonmelanoma skin cancer NMSC) in general, American and European populations. METHODS PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched up to 24 February 2019. Pooled effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals were used to estimate associations. RESULTS Results based on 26 original studies including 223,619 cases and 1,398,507 controls showed both NSAIDs and nonselective Cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors to be statistically significantly associated with a reduced risk of SC, BCC, SCC and NMSC but not with melanoma. Conversely, no association was observed between selective Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitors and SC or its subclasses. Further subgroup analysis showed that the results analyzed for American populations were almost the same as those for the general population. For European populations, neither NSAIDs nor its subtypes correlated significantly with susceptibility to SC or its subclasses. CONCLUSIONS The use of NSAIDs might reduce the risk of SC, but many factors including study population, drug subtype, and disease subclass affect the significance of the association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Piaojian Yu
- Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Shuhuang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Qiqun Li
- Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Zijing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Zunnan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Precision Drug Design of Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China; Institute of Marine Biomedical Research, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China.
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16
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Hybiak J, Broniarek I, Kiryczyński G, Los LD, Rosik J, Machaj F, Sławiński H, Jankowska K, Urasińska E. Aspirin and its pleiotropic application. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 866:172762. [PMID: 31669590 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), the oldest synthetic drug, was originally used as an anti-inflammatory medication. Being an irreversible inhibitor of COX (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) enzymes that produce precursors for prostaglandins and thromboxanes, it has gradually found several other applications. Sometimes these applications are unrelated to its original purpose for example its use as an anticoagulant. Applications such as these have opened opportunities for new treatments. In this case, it has been tested in patients with cardiovascular disease to reduce the risk of myocardial infarct. Its function as an anticoagulant has also been explored in the prophylaxis and treatment of pre-eclampsia, where due to its anti-inflammatory properties, aspirin intake may be used to reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. It is important to always consider both the risks and benefits of aspirin's application. This is especially important for proposed use in the prevention and treatment of neurologic ailments like Alzheimer's disease, or in the prophylaxis of myocardial infarct. In such cases, the decision if aspirin should be applied, and at what dose may be guided by specific molecular markers. In this revived paper, the pleiotropic application of aspirin is summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Hybiak
- Department of Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Izabela Broniarek
- Department of Gene Expression, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, Poland
| | - Gerard Kiryczyński
- Department of Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Laura D Los
- Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Jakub Rosik
- Department of Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Filip Machaj
- Department of Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Hubert Sławiński
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kornelia Jankowska
- Department of Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Urasińska
- Department of Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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17
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Rundle CW, Dellavalle RP. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug associations with nonmelanoma skin cancer - the saga continues. Br J Dermatol 2019; 181:654-656. [PMID: 31576570 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C W Rundle
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO, U.S.A
| | - R P Dellavalle
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO, U.S.A.,Department of Public Health, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO, U.S.A.,Chief, Dermatology Service, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver, CO, U.S.A
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18
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Pandeya N, Olsen CM, Whiteman DC. The role of misclassification of exposure in the association between aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and keratinocyte cancers: reply from the authors. Br J Dermatol 2019; 181:643. [PMID: 31102262 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N Pandeya
- Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Queensland, Australia.,School of Public Health, the University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - C M Olsen
- Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Queensland, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, the University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - D C Whiteman
- Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Queensland, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, the University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
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19
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Pandeya N, Olsen C, Thompson B, Dusingize J, Neale R, Green A, Whiteman D. Aspirin and nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug use and keratinocyte cancers: a large population‐based cohort study of skin cancer in Australia. Br J Dermatol 2019; 181:749-760. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Pandeya
- Department of Population Health QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute QueenslandAustralia
- School of Public Health the University of Queensland Herston QueenslandAustralia
| | - C.M. Olsen
- Department of Population Health QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute QueenslandAustralia
- Faculty of Medicine the University of Queensland Herston QueenslandAustralia
| | - B.S. Thompson
- Department of Population Health QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute QueenslandAustralia
| | - J.C. Dusingize
- Department of Population Health QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute QueenslandAustralia
| | - R.E. Neale
- Department of Population Health QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute QueenslandAustralia
- School of Public Health the University of Queensland Herston QueenslandAustralia
| | - A.C. Green
- Department of Population Health QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute QueenslandAustralia
- Cancer Research U.K. Manchester Institute and University of Manchester Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester U.K
| | - D.C. Whiteman
- Department of Population Health QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute QueenslandAustralia
- Faculty of Medicine the University of Queensland Herston QueenslandAustralia
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20
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Thomas GJ, Herranz P, Cruz SB, Parodi A. Treatment of actinic keratosis through inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2: Potential mechanism of action of diclofenac sodium 3% in hyaluronic acid 2.5. Dermatol Ther 2019; 32:e12800. [PMID: 30523664 PMCID: PMC6767532 DOI: 10.1111/dth.12800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) and its metabolic product prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) are induced in response to growth factors, inflammatory cytokines, tumor promoters, activated oncogenes, and, in the skin, ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Accumulating evidence suggests a role for the COX‐2/PGE2 pathway in tumorigenesis in various tissue types including cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. There is also strong evidence for a role in the development of actinic keratoses (AKs) — common dysplastic lesions of the skin associated with UV radiation overexposure — considered as part of a continuum with skin cancer. Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) exert their anti‐inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects by reversibly or irreversibly acetylating COX isoforms, inhibiting downstream prostaglandins, and may have a chemopreventive role in malignancies, including skin cancer. Topical treatment of AK lesions with the NSAID diclofenac sodium 3% in combination with hyaluronic acid 2.5% has been shown to be effective and well tolerated, although the mechanism of action remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth J Thomas
- Cancer Sciences Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Pedro Herranz
- Department of Dermatology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Aurora Parodi
- DISSAL Section of Dermatology, University of Genoa-IRCCS, AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
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21
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Calprotectin (S100A8/S100A9): a key protein between inflammation and cancer. Inflamm Res 2018; 67:801-812. [PMID: 30083975 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-018-1173-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calprotectin (S100A8/S100A9), a heterodimeric EF-hand Ca2+ binding protein, are abundant in cytosol of neutrophils and are involved in inflammatory processes and several cancerous pathogens. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present systematic review is to evaluate the pro- and anti-tumorigenic functions of calprotectin and its relation to inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a review of studies published in the Medline (1966-2018), Scopus (2004-2018), ClinicalTrials.gov (2008-2018) and Google Scholar (2004-2018) databases, combined with studies found in the reference lists of the included studies. RESULTS Elevated levels of S100A8/S100A9 were detected in inflammation, neoplastic tumor cells and various human cancers. Recent data have explained that many cancers arise from sites of infection, chronic irritation, and inflammation. The inflammatory microenvironment which largely includes calprotectin, has an essential role on high producing of inflammatory factors and then on neoplastic process and metastasis. CONCLUSION Scientists have shown different outcomes in inflammation, malignancy and apoptosis whether the source of the aforementioned protein is extracellular or intracellular. These findings are offering new insights that anti-inflammatory therapeutic agents and anti-tumorigenic functions of calprotectin can lead to control cancer development.
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22
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Sundaram GM, Quah S, Sampath P. Cancer: the dark side of wound healing. FEBS J 2018; 285:4516-4534. [PMID: 29905002 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Complex multicellular organisms have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to rapidly resolve epithelial injuries. Epithelial integrity is critical to maintaining internal homeostasis. An epithelial breach represents the potential for pathogen ingress and fluid loss, both of which may have severe consequences if not limited. The mammalian wound healing response involves a finely tuned, self-limiting series of cellular and molecular events orchestrated by the transient activation of specific signalling pathways. Accurate regulation of these events is essential; failure to initiate key steps at the right time delays healing and leads to chronic wounds, while aberrant initiation of wound healing processes may produce cell behaviours that promote cancer progression. In this review, we discuss how wound healing pathways co-opted in cancer lose their stringent regulation and become compromised in their reversibility. We hypothesize on how the commandeering of wound healing 'master regulators' is involved in this process, and also highlight the implications of these findings in the treatment of both chronic wounds and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopinath M Sundaram
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Shan Quah
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Prabha Sampath
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore City, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore.,Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore City, Singapore
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23
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Passarelli MN, Barry EL, Zhang D, Gangar P, Rees JR, Bresalier RS, McKeown-Eyssen G, Karagas MR, Baron JA. Risk of basal cell carcinoma in a randomized clinical trial of aspirin and folic acid for the prevention of colorectal adenomas. Br J Dermatol 2018; 179:337-344. [PMID: 29570772 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.16571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aspirin may reduce the risk of several types of cancer. OBJECTIVES To evaluate if folic acid is associated with risk of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). METHODS BCC incidence was evaluated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of aspirin (81 mg daily or 325 mg daily for ~3 years) and/or folic acid (1 mg daily for ~6 years) for the prevention of colorectal adenomas among 1121 participants with a previous adenoma. BCC was confirmed by blinded review of pathology reports. RESULTS One hundred and four of 958 non-Hispanic white participants were diagnosed with BCC over a median follow-up of 13·5 years. Cumulative incidence of BCC was 12% [95% confidence interval (CI) 7-17] for placebo, 16% (95% CI 11-21) for 81 mg aspirin daily and 15% (95% CI 10-20) for 325 mg aspirin daily [hazard ratio (HR) for any aspirin 1·45 (95% CI 0·93-2·26); HR for 81 mg daily 1·57 (95% CI 0·96-2·56); HR for 325 mg daily 1·33 (95% CI 0·80-2·20)]. BCC risk was higher with aspirin use in those without previous skin cancer but lower with aspirin use in those with previous skin cancer (Pinteraction = 0·02 for 81 mg aspirin daily; Pinteraction = 0·03 for 325 mg aspirin daily). Folic acid supplementation was unrelated to BCC incidence (HR 0·85; 95% CI 0·57-1·27). CONCLUSIONS Neither aspirin nor folic acid treatment had a statistically significant effect on risk of BCC. Subgroup analysis suggested that chemopreventive effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may be specific to those at high risk for BCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Passarelli
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, U.S.A
| | - E L Barry
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, U.S.A
| | - D Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, U.S.A
| | - P Gangar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, U.S.A
| | - J R Rees
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, U.S.A
| | - R S Bresalier
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, U.S.A
| | - G McKeown-Eyssen
- Epidemiology Division, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, U.S.A
| | - J A Baron
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, U.S.A.,Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, U.S.A
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Liu LQ, Tian FJ, Xiong Y, Zhao Y, Song JB. Gadd45a gene silencing by RNAi promotes cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis and senescence in skin squamous cell carcinoma through the p53 signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:7424-7434. [PMID: 29663367 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is generally considered as nonaggressive lesions and mainly caused by ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Gadd45a is a key component protecting skin against UV-induced tumors. For that, the study aims to investigate the mechanism of Gadd45a gene silencing on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and senescence in nude mice with skin SCC through the p53 signaling pathway. Healthy nude mice was collected as the normal group and 40 nude mouse models of skin SCC were successfully established as the model group, which were sub-divided into five groups. The incidence, size, and weight of SCC tumor of nude mice were observed. The mRNA expression of Gadd45a, Cyclin B1, MMP-2, Bcl-2, and Bax were determined by RT-qPCR. Cell viability, cell cycle and apoptosis, cell senescence were detected by MTT assay, flow cytometry, and β-galactosidase staining, respectively. The levels of inflammatory factors and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were detected by using ELISA. The protein expression rate of mutant p53 was detected by immunohistochemistry. Mice transfected with siGadd45a showed increased tumor incidence, size, and weight. Cells transfected with siGadd45a showed decrease in expression of Gadd45a and Bax; and increase in expression of Cyclin B1, MMP-2, and Bcl-2, expression of mutant p53, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and VEGF. Cell apoptosis and senescence were inhibited, while cell viability and proliferation were promoted after siGadd45a treatment. The results reveal that Gadd45a silencing increases tumor cell proliferation and reduces apoptosis and senescence through the p53 signaling pathway in skin SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qian Liu
- Dermatological Department, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, P.R. China
| | - Fu-Jun Tian
- Dermatological Department, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, P.R. China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Dermatological Department, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Dermatological Department, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Bo Song
- Dermatological Department, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, P.R. China
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25
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Qiao Y, Yang T, Gan Y, Li W, Wang C, Gong Y, Lu Z. Associations between aspirin use and the risk of cancers: a meta-analysis of observational studies. BMC Cancer 2018. [PMID: 29534696 PMCID: PMC5851082 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4156-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Epidemiological studies have clarified the potential associations between regular aspirin use and cancers. However, it remains controversial on whether aspirin use decreases the risk of cancers risks. Therefore, we conducted an updated meta-analysis to assess the associations between aspirin use and cancers. Methods The PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched up to March 2017 to identify relevant studies. Relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of associations. Results A total of 218 studies with 309 reports were eligible for this meta-analysis. Aspirin use was associated with a significant decrease in the risk of overall cancer (RR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.87–0.91), and gastric (RR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.65–0.86), esophageal (RR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.62–0.89), colorectal (RR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.74–0.85), pancreatic (RR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.68–0.93), ovarian (RR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.83–0.95), endometrial (RR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.85–0.99), breast (RR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.88–0.96), and prostate (RR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90–0.99) cancers, as well as small intestine neuroendocrine tumors (RR = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.05–0.58). Conclusions These findings suggest that aspirin use is associated with a reduced risk of gastric, esophageal, colorectal, pancreatic, ovarian, endometrial, breast, and prostate cancers, and small intestine neuroendocrine tumors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4156-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qiao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Department of Nutriology, The People's Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Gan
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhen Li
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Gong
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zuxun Lu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. J Am Acad Dermatol 2018; 78:249-261. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2017.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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27
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A Review of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Management. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm.60846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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28
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Harwood CA, Toland AE, Proby CM, Euvrard S, Hofbauer GFL, Tommasino M, Bouwes Bavinck JN. The pathogenesis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in organ transplant recipients. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177:1217-1224. [PMID: 29086420 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of keratinocyte carcinoma following organ transplantation is multifactorial, and recent evidence suggests a complex and often synergistic interplay between the carcinogenic effects of ultraviolet radiation, compromised immune surveillance, direct pro- and anticarcinogenic effects of drugs, oncogenic viruses (in particular, beta-genus human papillomaviruses) and host genetic susceptibility factors. We present an overview of those factors for which there is currently the most convincing evidence and highlight important gaps in our knowledge. In particular, a clear understanding of the interdependence and relative contributions of these co-factors is currently lacking, yet has important implications for rational development of clinically relevant biomarkers and targeted strategies for treatment and prevention of post-transplant keratinocyte cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Harwood
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, U.K
| | - A E Toland
- Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - C M Proby
- Division of Cancer Research, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, U.K
| | - S Euvrard
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Department of Dermatology, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - G F L Hofbauer
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Tommasino
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - J N Bouwes Bavinck
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
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29
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Aspirin induces cell death by directly modulating mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC). Sci Rep 2017; 7:45184. [PMID: 28327594 PMCID: PMC5361111 DOI: 10.1038/srep45184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspirin induces apoptotic cell death in various cancer cell lines. Here we showed that silencing of VDAC1 protected HeLa cells from aspirin-induced cell death. Compared to the wild type cells, VDAC1 knocked down cells showed lesser change of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), upon aspirin treatment. Aspirin augmented ATP and ionomycin-induced mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake which was abolished in VDAC1 knocked down cells. Aspirin dissociated bound hexokinase II (HK-II) from mitochondria. Further, aspirin promoted the closure of recombinant human VDAC1, reconstituted in planar lipid bilayer. Taken together, these results imply that VDAC1 serves as a novel target for aspirin. Modulation of VDAC1 is possibly associated with the cell death and anticancer effects of aspirin.
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30
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Damian DL. Nicotinamide for skin cancer chemoprevention. Australas J Dermatol 2017; 58:174-180. [PMID: 28321860 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.12631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide (vitamin B3 ) has a range of photoprotective effects in vitro and in vivo; it enhances DNA repair, reduces UV radiation-induced suppression of skin immune responses, modulates inflammatory cytokine production and skin barrier function and restores cellular energy levels after UV exposure. Pharmacological doses of nicotinamide have been shown to reduce actinic keratoses and nonmelanoma skin cancer incidence in high-risk individuals, making this a nontoxic and accessible option for skin cancer chemoprevention in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diona L Damian
- Discipline of Dermatology, Central Clinical School, University of Sydney at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and Melanoma Institute Australia, Sydney, Australia
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31
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Green AC, Olsen CM. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: an epidemiological review. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177:373-381. [PMID: 28211039 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a common cancer in white populations and its disease burden is often substantially underestimated. SCC occurs more often in men than women and increases dramatically with age; those affected often develop multiple primaries over time, which increases the burden. The main external cause is solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR), with immunosuppression being the other established risk factor, shown by the high SCC rates in organ transplant recipients. Sunbed use and certain genetic disorders and medical conditions are also associated with SCC, while associations with human papillomavirus infection and high bodyweight are not established. The presence of actinic keratoses (AKs) on sun-damaged skin is one of the strongest predictors of SCC in unaffected people and a very small proportion of AKs are SCC precursors, although the true rate of malignant transformation of AKs is unknown. The mainstay of SCC prevention is protection of the skin from undue sun exposure by use of clothing cover and sunscreen during summer or in sunny places. Educational, behavioural and multicomponent interventions directed at individuals ranging from parents of newborns, to school children and adolescents, to outdoor workers, have repeatedly been shown to be effective in improving sun-protective behaviours. Health policies can facilitate SCC prevention by setting standards for relevant behaviours to reduce UVR exposure, for example, by legislated restriction of the tanning industry. Skin cancer prevention initiatives are generally highly cost-effective and public investment should be encouraged to control the growing public health problems caused by SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Green
- Cancer and Population Studies Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Locked Bag 2000, Royal Brisbane Hospital, QLD 4029, Brisbane, Australia.,CRUK Manchester Institute and Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K
| | - C M Olsen
- Cancer Control Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Locked Bag 2000, Royal Brisbane Hospital, QLD 4029, Brisbane, Australia.,School of Public Health, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Thomas GJ, Morton CA. Cyclooxygenase in Cancer Prevention and Treatments for Actinic Keratosis. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2017; 7:21-29. [PMID: 28150108 PMCID: PMC5289117 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-016-0166-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a chemically diverse class of drugs that target the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway and have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic properties. Elevated expression of COX-2 has been associated with tumor progression in skin cancer through multiple mechanisms. We present evidence for a chemoprotective effect of NSAIDs and discuss potential mechanisms of action of COX-2 in cancer. We also discuss the challenges associated with the treatment of actinic keratosis and the factors that should be taken into consideration when selecting a treatment regimen. A range of treatments are reviewed, with an emphasis on combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth J Thomas
- Cancer Sciences Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
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Yao M, Shang YY, Zhou ZW, Yang YX, Wu YS, Guan LF, Wang XY, Zhou SF, Wei X. The research on lapatinib in autophagy, cell cycle arrest and epithelial to mesenchymal transition via Wnt/ErK/PI3K-AKT signaling pathway in human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. J Cancer 2017; 8:220-226. [PMID: 28243326 PMCID: PMC5327371 DOI: 10.7150/jca.16850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) contributes to one of most common types of skin cancer. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation has been investigated to be associated with the development of cSCC. Lapatinib is an inhibitor targeting HER2/neu and EGFR pathway. We found that lapatinib can inhibit proliferation by enhancing apoptosis of human cSCC cell lines. The cSCC cell cycle distribution could be arrested in G2/M phase after lapatinib treatment. In the in vitro experiment, we found that lapatinib interrupted PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in human cSCC cells. Furthermore, lapatinib could suppress epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) via Wnt/ErK/PI3K-AKT signaling pathway to represent a promising anticancer drug for cSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yao
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China.; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Yuan-Yuan Shang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.; Department of Dermatology, General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Yin-Xue Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University
| | - Yin-Sheng Wu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Feng Guan
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.; Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan
| | - Shu-Feng Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Xi Wei
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Ultrasonography, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
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34
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Kuklinski LF, Zens MS, Perry AE, Green AC, Karagas MR. Skin microtopography as a measure of photoaging and risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin in a US population. PHOTODERMATOLOGY, PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2017; 33:41-48. [PMID: 27864996 PMCID: PMC5408582 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin microtopography as a measure of photoaging is a noninvasive approach to measuring chronic ultraviolet radiation exposure and reflects the degree of dermal elastosis in populations of European descent in the subtropics. Less is known about the utility of this approach in populations at different latitudes, and whether it relates to skin cancer risk. METHODS A population-based case-control study of 342 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cases and 331 age- and gender-matched controls were evaluated for histologic evidence of solar damage and severity of photoaging based on microtopography on a six-grade scale. Odds ratios (OR) for SCC associated with degree of photoaging were estimated using logistic regression analysis adjusted for potentially confounding factors. RESULTS After adjustment for known risk factors, SCC was associated with increasing photoaging grade (OR = 1.7, 95% CI = 0.9-3.0 for severe photoaging; OR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.6-5.0 for very severe photoaging). Associations remained among those with actinic keratosis (OR = 3.4, 95% CI = 0.9-12.4 for severe photoaging, OR = 5.7, 95% CI = 1.7-19.6 for very severe photoaging). LIMITATIONS There was limited statistical power, particularly for subgroup analyses. CONCLUSION Our findings provide further evidence of microtopography as an independent, objective indicator of risk of SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Scot Zens
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, US
| | - Ann E Perry
- Department of Pathology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire, US
| | - Adele C Green
- Cancer and Population Studies, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute and Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, US
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35
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Belbasis L, Stefanaki I, Stratigos AJ, Evangelou E. Non-genetic risk factors for cutaneous melanoma and keratinocyte skin cancers: An umbrella review of meta-analyses. J Dermatol Sci 2016; 84:330-339. [PMID: 27663092 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin cancers have a complex disease mechanism, involving both genetic and non-genetic risk factors. Numerous meta-analyses have been published claiming statistically significant associations between non-genetic risk factors and skin cancers without applying a thorough methodological assessment. OBJECTIVE The present study maps the literature on the non-genetic risk factors of skin cancers, assesses the presence of statistical biases and identifies the associations with robust evidence. METHODS We searched PubMed up to January 20, 2016 to identify systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies that examined associations between non-genetic factors and skin cancers. For each meta-analysis, we estimated the summary effect size by random-effects and fixed-effects models, the 95% confidence interval and the 95% prediction interval. We also assessed the between-study heterogeneity (I2 metric), evidence for small-study effects and excess significance bias. RESULTS Forty-four eligible papers were identified and included a total of 85 associations. Twenty-one associations were significant at P<10-6. Fifty-two associations had large or very large heterogeneity. Evidence for small-study effects and excess significance bias was found in fifteen and thirteen associations, respectively. Overall, thirteen associations (actinic keratosis, serum vitamin D, sunburns, and hair color for basal cell carcinoma and density of freckles, eye color, hair color, history of melanoma, skin type, sunburns, premalignant skin lesions, common and atypical nevi for melanoma) presented high level of credibility. CONCLUSION The majority of meta-analyses on non-genetic risk factors for skin cancers suffered from large between-study heterogeneity and small-study effects or excess significance bias. The associations with convincing and highly suggestive evidence were mainly focused on skin photosensitivity and phenotypic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lazaros Belbasis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Irene Stefanaki
- Department of Dermatology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexander J Stratigos
- Department of Dermatology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, Greece; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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36
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Ratib S, Burden-Teh E, Leonardi-Bee J, Harwood C, Bath-Hextall F. Long-term topical corticosteroid use and risk of skin cancer: a systematic review protocol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 14:64-73. [DOI: 10.11124/jbisrir-2016-003226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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37
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Saloman JL, Albers KM, Rhim AD, Davis BM. Can Stopping Nerves, Stop Cancer? Trends Neurosci 2016; 39:880-889. [PMID: 27832915 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The nervous system is viewed as a tissue affected by cancer and as a conduit for the transmission of cancer pain and perineural invasion. Here, we review recent studies that indicate a more direct role. Several studies have shown that reducing stress or suppressing sympathetic drive correlates with improved outcomes and prolonged survival. Recent studies using animal models of visceral and somatic cancer further support a role for the nervous system in cancer progression. Specifically, nerve ablation had a profound impact on disease progression, including delayed development of precancerous lesions, and decreased tumor growth and metastasis. In this review, we summarize new evidence and discuss how future studies may address the role of neural signaling in the modulation of tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jami L Saloman
- University of Pittsburgh, Center for Pain Research and Department of Neurobiology, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| | - Kathryn M Albers
- University of Pittsburgh, Center for Pain Research and Department of Neurobiology, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Andrew D Rhim
- Zayed Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research and Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Brian M Davis
- University of Pittsburgh, Center for Pain Research and Department of Neurobiology, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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Morales-Sánchez MA, Peralta-Pedrero ML, Jurado-Santa Cruz F, Pomerantz H, Barajas-Nava LA. Interventions for preventing keratinocyte cancer in high-risk groups not receiving immunosuppressive therapy. Hippokratia 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martha Alejandra Morales-Sánchez
- Dermatological Center, "Dr. Ladislao de la Pascua"; Education and Research Unit; Dr. José María Vértiz No. 464 Col. Buenos Aires México City Mexico 06780
| | - María Luisa Peralta-Pedrero
- Dermatological Center, "Dr. Ladislao de la Pascua"; Education and Research Unit; Dr. José María Vértiz No. 464 Col. Buenos Aires México City Mexico 06780
| | - Fermín Jurado-Santa Cruz
- Dermatological Center, "Dr. Ladislao de la Pascua"; Education and Research Unit; Dr. José María Vértiz No. 464 Col. Buenos Aires México City Mexico 06780
| | - Hyemin Pomerantz
- Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine; Department of Dermatology; Hempstead New York USA
| | - Leticia A Barajas-Nava
- Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez (HIMFG), Health National Institute; Evidence-Based Medicine Research Unit; Dr. Márquez #162 Col. Doctores, Del. Cuauhtémoc México City Mexico 06720
- Iberoamerican Cochrane Network; Institute of Biomedical Research (IIB Sant Pau), C/ Sant Antoni Ma Claret 171 Casa de Convalescència Barcelona Barcelona Spain 08041
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RF-Oral Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Use May Reduce the Risk of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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40
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Muranushi C, Olsen CM, Green AC, Pandeya N. Can oral nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs play a role in the prevention of basal cell carcinoma? A systematic review and metaanalysis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2016; 74:108-119.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2015.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Lacina L, Plzak J, Kodet O, Szabo P, Chovanec M, Dvorankova B, Smetana K. Cancer Microenvironment: What Can We Learn from the Stem Cell Niche. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:24094-110. [PMID: 26473842 PMCID: PMC4632740 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161024094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal stem cells (ESCs) are crucial for maintenance and self- renewal of skin epithelium and also for regular hair cycling. Their role in wound healing is also indispensable. ESCs reside in a defined outer root sheath portion of hair follicle—also known as the bulge region. ECS are also found between basal cells of the interfollicular epidermis or mucous membranes. The non-epithelial elements such as mesenchymal stem cell-like elements of dermis or surrounding adipose tissue can also contribute to this niche formation. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) participate in formation of common epithelial malignant diseases such as basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma. In this review article, we focus on the role of cancer microenvironment with emphasis on the effect of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). This model reflects various biological aspects of interaction between cancer cell and CAFs with multiple parallels to interaction of normal epidermal stem cells and their niche. The complexity of intercellular interactions within tumor stroma is depicted on example of malignant melanoma, where keratinocytes also contribute the microenvironmental landscape during early phase of tumor progression. Interactions seen in normal bulge region can therefore be an important source of information for proper understanding to melanoma. The therapeutic consequences of targeting of microenvironment in anticancer therapy and for improved wound healing are included to article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Lacina
- Institute of Anatomy, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, U Nemocnice 3, 12800 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University, U Nemocnice 2, 12808 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Plzak
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 1st Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University, V Úvalu 84, 15006 Prague 5, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondrej Kodet
- Institute of Anatomy, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, U Nemocnice 3, 12800 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University, U Nemocnice 2, 12808 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavol Szabo
- Institute of Anatomy, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, U Nemocnice 3, 12800 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Chovanec
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 1st Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University, V Úvalu 84, 15006 Prague 5, Czech Republic.
| | - Barbora Dvorankova
- Institute of Anatomy, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, U Nemocnice 3, 12800 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Karel Smetana
- Institute of Anatomy, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, U Nemocnice 3, 12800 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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Liao D, Zhong L, Duan T, Zhang RH, Wang X, Wang G, Hu K, Lv X, Kang T. Aspirin Suppresses the Growth and Metastasis of Osteosarcoma through the NF-κB Pathway. Clin Cancer Res 2015. [PMID: 26202947 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-0198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aspirin has recently been reported to reduce both the incidence and the risk of metastasis in colon cancer. However, there is no evidence at the cellular levels or in the animal models for such an effect of aspirin on cancer metastasis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN MTT assay, colony formation assay, and apoptosis assay were employed to analyze the effects of aspirin on the osteosarcoma cell viability in vitro. The NF-κB activity was measured by the NF-κB p65 luciferase reporter. Western blotting was used to analyze the proteins in cells. The migration and invasion abilities of osteosarcoma cells in vitro were measured by the Transwell assay. Xenograft-bearing mice were used to assess the roles of aspirin in both tumor growth and metastasis of osteosarcoma in vivo (n = 5-8 mice/group). An unpaired Student t test or ANOVA with the Bonferroni post hoc test were used for the statistical comparisons. RESULTS Aspirin reduced cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner in osteosarcoma cell lines, and aspirin synergistically sensitized osteosarcoma cells to cisplatin (DDP) in vitro and in vivo (P < 0.001). Moreover, aspirin markedly repressed the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells in vitro (P < 0.001), and dramatically diminished the occurrence of osteosarcoma xenograft metastases to the lungs in vivo (P < 0.001). Mechanistically, aspirin diminishes osteosarcoma migration, invasion, and metastasis through the NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSIONS Aspirin suppresses both the growth and metastasis of osteosarcoma through the NF-κB pathway at the cellular level and in the animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingmei Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ru-Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaishun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobin Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tiebang Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
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Bernárdez C, Macías del Toro E, Ramírez Bellver JL, Feltes F. RF-Oral Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Use May Reduce the Risk of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2015; 107:151-2. [PMID: 26073585 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Bernárdez
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España.
| | - E Macías del Toro
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - J L Ramírez Bellver
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - F Feltes
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España
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Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Skin Carcinogenesis and Therapy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:964842. [PMID: 26078973 PMCID: PMC4452418 DOI: 10.1155/2015/964842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Cooperating with other signaling pathways, Wnt signaling controls cell proliferation, morphology, motility, and embryonic development destination and maintains the homeostasis of tissues including skin, blood, intestine, and brain by regulating somatic stem cells and their niches throughout adult life. Abnormal regulation of Wnt pathways leads to neoplastic proliferation in these tissues. Recent research shows that Wnt signaling is also associated with the regulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) through a similar mechanism to that observed in normal adult stem cells. Thus, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway has been intensively studied and characterized. For this review, we will focus on the regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in skin cancer. With the important role in stemness and skin CSC proliferation, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and its elements have the potential to be targets for skin cancer therapy.
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Papanagnou P, Baltopoulos P, Tsironi M. Marketed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, antihypertensives, and human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors: as-yet-unused weapons of the oncologists' arsenal. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2015; 11:807-19. [PMID: 26056460 PMCID: PMC4445694 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s82049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental data indicate that several pharmacological agents that have long been used for the management of various diseases unrelated to cancer exhibit profound in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity. This is of major clinical importance, since it would possibly aid in reassessing the therapeutic use of currently used agents for which clinicians already have experience. Further, this would obviate the time-consuming process required for the development and the approval of novel antineoplastic drugs. Herein, both pre-clinical and clinical data concerning the antineoplastic function of distinct commercially available pharmacological agents that are not currently used in the field of oncology, ie, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antihypertensive agents, and anti-human immunodeficiency virus agents inhibiting viral protease, are reviewed. The aim is to provide integrated information regarding not only the molecular basis of the antitumor function of these agents but also the applicability of the reevaluation of their therapeutic range in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Papanagnou
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Human Movement and Quality of Life Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Sparta, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Baltopoulos
- Department of Sports Medicine and Biology of Physical Activity, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Tsironi
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Human Movement and Quality of Life Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Sparta, Greece
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Gunjal PM, Schneider G, Ismail AA, Kakar SS, Kucia M, Ratajczak MZ. Evidence for induction of a tumor metastasis-receptive microenvironment for ovarian cancer cells in bone marrow and other organs as an unwanted and underestimated side effect of chemotherapy/radiotherapy. J Ovarian Res 2015; 8:20. [PMID: 25887079 PMCID: PMC4425926 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-015-0141-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background One of side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is the induction of several factors in various tissues and organs that create a pro-metastatic microenvironment for cancer cells that survive initial treatment. Methods In the present study, we employed human ovarian cancer cell line A2780 and immunodeficient mice xenogrfat model to test effect of both ibuprofen and dexamethasone to ameliorate the therapy-induced pro-metastatic microenvironment in bone marrow, liver, and lung. Results In our studies, we found that total body irradiation or administration of cisplatin increases the metastatic spread of human ovarian cancer cells transplanted into immunodeficient mice compared with animals unexposed to irradiation or cisplatin. Moreover, conditioned media harvested from irradiated murine bone marrow, lung, and liver chemoattracted human ovarian cancer cells, and this chemotactic activity was inactivated by heat, suggesting a major involvement of peptide or peptide-bound chemoattractants. We also observed that human ovarian cancer cells proliferate better if exposed to cell debris harvested from irradiated murine bone marrow. Finally, the pro-metastatic microenvironment in mice induced by radio- or chemotherapy was significantly ameliorated if animals were treated at the time of radiotherapy administration with non-steroid (ibuprofen) or steroid (prednisone) anti-inflammatory drugs. Conclusions In summary, we propose that a radiochemotherapy-induced, pro-metastatic microenvironment plays an important role in the metastasis of cancer cells that are resistant to treatment. Such cells have characteristics of cancer stem cells and are highly migratory, and simple, intensive, anti-inflammatory treatment by non-steroid agents to suppress induction of pro-metastatic factors after radiochemotherapy would be an interesting anti-metastatic treatment alternative. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13048-015-0141-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranesh M Gunjal
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, 500 South Floyd Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
| | - Gabriela Schneider
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, 500 South Floyd Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
| | - Ahmed Abdelbaset Ismail
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, 500 South Floyd Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
| | - Sham S Kakar
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, 500 South Floyd Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
| | - Magda Kucia
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, 500 South Floyd Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA. .,Department of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Mariusz Z Ratajczak
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, 500 South Floyd Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA. .,Department of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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