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Liu X, Long X, Liu W, Zhao Y, Hayashi T, Yamato M, Mizuno K, Fujisaki H, Hattori S, Tashiro SI, Ogura T, Atsuzawa Y, Ikejima T. Type I collagen induces mesenchymal cell differentiation into myofibroblasts through YAP-induced TGF-β1 activation. Biochimie 2018; 150:110-130. [PMID: 29777737 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In organ fibrosis, mechanical stress and transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) promote differentiation into myofibroblast from mesenchymal cells, leading to extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling or active synthesis, deposition or degradation of ECM components. A major component of ECM, type I collagen (col I) triple helical molecules assemble into fibrils or are denatured to gelatin without triple-helicity in remodeling. However, whether changes of ECM components in remodeling have influence on mesenchymal cell differentiation remains elusive. This study adopted three states of collagen I existing in ECM remodeling: molecular collagen, fibrillar collagen and gelatin to see what are characteristics in the effects on two cell lines of mesenchymal origin, murine 3T3-L1 embryonic fibroblast and murine C2C12 myoblasts. The results showed that all three forms of collagen I were capable of inducing these two cells to differentiate into myofibroblasts characterized by increased expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) mRNA. The expression of α-SMA is positively regulated by TGF-β1. Nuclear translocation of Yes-associated protein (YAP) is involved in this process. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is activated in the cells cultured on molecular collagen-coated plates, contributing to YAP activation. On the other hand, in the cells cultured on fibrillar collagen gel or gelatin-coated plates, oxidative stress but not FAK induce YAP activation. In conclusion, the three physicochemically distinct forms of col I induce the differentiation of mesenchymal cells into myofibroblasts through different pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Liu
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xinyu Long
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yeli Zhao
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Toshihiko Hayashi
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China; Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, 2665-1, Nakanomachi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0015, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamato
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan
| | - Kazunori Mizuno
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Ibaraki, 302-0017, Japan
| | - Hitomi Fujisaki
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Ibaraki, 302-0017, Japan
| | - Shunji Hattori
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Ibaraki, 302-0017, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Tashiro
- Department of Medical Education and Primary Care, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 603-8072, Japan
| | - Takaaki Ogura
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Ibaraki, 302-0017, Japan
| | - Yuji Atsuzawa
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Ibaraki, 302-0017, Japan
| | - Takashi Ikejima
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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Lamas NJ, Serra SC, Salgado AJ, Sousa N. Failure of Y-27632 to improve the culture of adult human adipose-derived stem cells. STEM CELLS AND CLONING-ADVANCES AND APPLICATIONS 2015; 8:15-26. [PMID: 25609984 PMCID: PMC4293935 DOI: 10.2147/sccaa.s66597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Y-27632 is a well-known inhibitor of the Rho-associated coiled kinase (ROCK) and has been shown to significantly improve the culture of a variety of multipotent stem cell types. However, the effects of Y-27632 on the expansion of adult human adipose-derived stem cell (hADSC) cultures remain to be established. Here, we aimed to characterize the effects of Y-27632 on the culture of hADSCs. Adult hADSCs were isolated from subjects submitted to elective plastic surgery procedures and cultivated in vitro under optimized conditions. Our results show that the continuous supplementation of hADSC cultures with Y-27632 led to decreased numbers of cells and decreased global metabolic viability of hADSC cultures when compared with control conditions. This effect appeared to be dependent on the continuous presence of the drug and was shown to be concentration-dependent and significant for 10 μM and 20 μM of Y-27632. Moreover, the Y-27632-induced decrease in hADSC numbers was not linked to a block in global cell proliferation, as cell numbers consistently increased from the moment of plating until passaging. In addition, Y-27632 was not able to increase the number of hADSCs present in culture 24 hours after passaging. Taken together, our results suggest that, in contrast to other stem cell types, Y-27632 supplementation is not a suitable strategy to enhance hADSC culture expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Jorge Lamas
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences (ECS), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal ; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal ; Clinical Pathology Department, Centro Hospitalar do Alto Ave (CHAA), EPE, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Sofia C Serra
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences (ECS), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal ; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - António J Salgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences (ECS), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal ; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences (ECS), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal ; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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Generation of pluripotent stem cells without the use of genetic material. J Transl Med 2015; 95:26-42. [PMID: 25365202 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2014.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide a platform to obtain patient-specific cells for use as a cell source in regenerative medicine. Although iPSCs do not have the ethical concerns of embryonic stem cells, iPSCs have not been widely used in clinical applications, as they are generated by gene transduction. Recently, iPSCs have been generated without the use of genetic material. For example, protein-induced PSCs and chemically induced PSCs have been generated by the use of small and large (protein) molecules. Several epigenetic characteristics are important for cell differentiation; therefore, several small-molecule inhibitors of epigenetic-modifying enzymes, such as DNA methyltransferases, histone deacetylases, histone methyltransferases, and histone demethylases, are potential candidates for the reprogramming of somatic cells into iPSCs. In this review, we discuss what types of small chemical or large (protein) molecules could be used to replace the viral transduction of genes and/or genetic reprogramming to obtain human iPSCs.
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Mechanisms of Edible Bird's Nest Extract-Induced Proliferation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2012:797520. [PMID: 22110547 PMCID: PMC3206510 DOI: 10.1155/2012/797520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 08/03/2011] [Accepted: 08/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Although edible bird's nest (EBN) has been shown to potentiate mitogenic responses, scientific evidence of its efficacy is still limited. In addition, human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) are increasingly accepted as a source for stem cell therapy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the EBN extract (EBNE) on the proliferation of hADSCs and its action mechanisms. We found that EBNE strongly promoted the proliferation of hADSCs. In addition, EBNE-induced proliferation was found to be mediated through the production of IL-6 and VEGF, which was induced by activation of AP-1 and NF-κB. Specially, we found that production of IL-6 and VEGF was induced by EBNE. In addition, EBNE-induced production of IL-6 and VEGF was inhibited by PD98059 (a p44/42 MAPK inhibitor), SB203580 (a p38 MAPK inhibitor), and PDTC (a NF-κB inhibitor), but not SP600125 (a JNK inhibitor). Similarly, EBNE-induced proliferation of hADSCs was also attenuated by PD98059, SB203580, and PDTC but not SP600125. Taken together, these findings suggest that the EBNE-induced proliferation of hADSCs primarily occurs through increased expression of IL-6 and VEGF genes, which is mediated by the activation of NF-κB and AP-1 through p44/42 MAPK and p38 MAPK.
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Kim JH, Nam SW, Kim BW, Choi W, Lee JH, Kim WJ, Choi YH. Astaxanthin improves stem cell potency via an increase in the proliferation of neural progenitor cells. Int J Mol Sci 2010; 11:5109-19. [PMID: 21614195 PMCID: PMC3100832 DOI: 10.3390/ijms11125109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Revised: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the question of whether or not astaxanthin improves stem cell potency via an increase in proliferation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs). Treatment with astaxanthin significantly increased proliferation and colony formation of NPCs. For identification of possible activated signaling molecules involved in active cell proliferation occurring after astaxanthin treatment, total protein levels of several proliferation-related proteins, and expression levels of proliferation-related transcription factors, were assessed in NPCs. In Western blot analysis, astaxanthin induced significant activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and its downstream mediators in a time-dependent manner. Results of RT-PCR analysis showed upregulation of proliferation-related transcription factors and stemness genes. To estimate the relevance of PI3K and mitogen-activated protein, or extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase (MEK) signaling pathways in cell growth of astaxanthin-treated NPCs, inhibition assays were performed with LY294002, a specific inhibitor of PI3K, and PD98059, a specific inhibitor of MEK, respectively. These results clearly showed that astaxanthin induces proliferation of NPCs via activation of the PI3K and MEK signaling pathways and improves stem cell potency via stemness acting signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hwan Kim
- Department of Biomaterial Control, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 614-714, Korea; E-Mails: (J.-H.K.); (B.-W.K.); (W.C.); (J.-H.L.)
| | - Soo-Wan Nam
- Department of Biomaterial Control, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 614-714, Korea; E-Mails: (J.-H.K.); (B.-W.K.); (W.C.); (J.-H.L.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan 614-714, Korea
- Department of Blue-Bio Industry RIC, Dong-Eui University, Busan 614-714, Korea
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (S.-W.N.); (Y.-H.C.); Tel.: +82-51-850-7413; Fax: +82-51-853-4036
| | - Byung-Woo Kim
- Department of Biomaterial Control, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 614-714, Korea; E-Mails: (J.-H.K.); (B.-W.K.); (W.C.); (J.-H.L.)
- Department of Blue-Bio Industry RIC, Dong-Eui University, Busan 614-714, Korea
- Department of Life Science & Biotechnology, Dong-Eui University, Busan 614-714, Korea
| | - Woobong Choi
- Department of Biomaterial Control, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 614-714, Korea; E-Mails: (J.-H.K.); (B.-W.K.); (W.C.); (J.-H.L.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan 614-714, Korea
- Department of Blue-Bio Industry RIC, Dong-Eui University, Busan 614-714, Korea
| | - Jong-Hwan Lee
- Department of Biomaterial Control, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 614-714, Korea; E-Mails: (J.-H.K.); (B.-W.K.); (W.C.); (J.-H.L.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan 614-714, Korea
- Department of Blue-Bio Industry RIC, Dong-Eui University, Busan 614-714, Korea
| | - Wun-Jae Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 361-763, Korea; E-Mail: (W.-J.K.)
| | - Yung-Hyun Choi
- Department of Biomaterial Control, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 614-714, Korea; E-Mails: (J.-H.K.); (B.-W.K.); (W.C.); (J.-H.L.)
- Department of Blue-Bio Industry RIC, Dong-Eui University, Busan 614-714, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Research Institute of Oriental Medicine, Dong-Eui University College of Oriental Medicine, Busan 614-052, Korea
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (S.-W.N.); (Y.-H.C.); Tel.: +82-51-850-7413; Fax: +82-51-853-4036
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Kim JH, Nam SW, Kim BW, Kim WJ, Choi YH. Astaxanthin improves the proliferative capacity as well as the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential in neural stem cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 48:1741-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2010] [Revised: 03/19/2010] [Accepted: 04/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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