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Patalano SD, Fuxman Bass P, Fuxman Bass JI. Transcription factors in the development and treatment of immune disorders. Transcription 2023:1-23. [PMID: 38100543 DOI: 10.1080/21541264.2023.2294623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune function is highly controlled at the transcriptional level by the binding of transcription factors (TFs) to promoter and enhancer elements. Several TF families play major roles in immune gene expression, including NF-κB, STAT, IRF, AP-1, NRs, and NFAT, which trigger anti-pathogen responses, promote cell differentiation, and maintain immune system homeostasis. Aberrant expression, activation, or sequence of isoforms and variants of these TFs can result in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases as well as hematological and solid tumor cancers. For this reason, TFs have become attractive drug targets, even though most were previously deemed "undruggable" due to their lack of small molecule binding pockets and the presence of intrinsically disordered regions. However, several aspects of TF structure and function can be targeted for therapeutic intervention, such as ligand-binding domains, protein-protein interactions between TFs and with cofactors, TF-DNA binding, TF stability, upstream signaling pathways, and TF expression. In this review, we provide an overview of each of the important TF families, how they function in immunity, and some related diseases they are involved in. Additionally, we discuss the ways of targeting TFs with drugs along with recent research developments in these areas and their clinical applications, followed by the advantages and disadvantages of targeting TFs for the treatment of immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha D Patalano
- Biology Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology and Biochemistry Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paula Fuxman Bass
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan I Fuxman Bass
- Biology Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology and Biochemistry Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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2
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Shi X, Wang Y, Liu H, Han R. Targeting Hub Genes Involved in Muscle Injury Induced by Jumping Load Based on Transcriptomics. DNA Cell Biol 2023; 42:498-506. [PMID: 37339448 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2022.0285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to find hub genes that may play key roles in skeletal muscle injury induced by jumping load. Twelve female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into the normal control (NC) group and the jumping-induced muscle injury (JI) group. After 6 weeks of jumping, transmission electron microscopy, hematoxylin-eosin staining, transcriptomics sequencing and genes analysis, interaction network prediction of multiple proteins, real-time PCR detection, and Western blotting were performed on gastrocnemius muscles from NC and JI groups. As compared with NC rats, excessive jumping can result in notable structural damage and inflammatory infiltration in JI rats. A total of 112 differentially expressed genes were confirmed in NC rats versus JI rats, with 59 genes upregulated and 53 genes downregulated. Using the online String database, four hub genes in the transcriptional regulatory network were targeted, including FOS, EGR1, ATF3, and NR4A3. All expression levels of FOS, EGR1, ATF3, and NR4A3 mRNAs were decreased in JI rats compared with NC rats (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). All expression levels of c-Fos, EGR1, ATF3, and NOR1 proteins were upregulated in JI rats (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, p > 0.05, and p < 0.01, respectively). Collectively, these findings indicate that FOS, EGR1, ATF3, and NR4A3 genes may be functionally important in jumping-induced muscle injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Shi
- Wushu College, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yijie Wang
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Haitao Liu
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Sports Reform and Development Research Center, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Rui Han
- School of Physical Education and Sport, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Sports Reform and Development Research Center, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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3
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Ma L, Zhang X, Zhang C, Hou B, Zhao H. FOSL1 knockdown ameliorates DSS‑induced inflammation and barrier damage in ulcerative colitis via MMP13 downregulation. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:551. [PMID: 35978937 PMCID: PMC9366272 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lizhuan Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Xiujing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Bingxu Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Hongtao Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
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Sagehashi N, Obara Y, Maruyama O, Nakagawa T, Hosoi T, Ishii K. Insulin enhances gene expression of Midnolin, a novel genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease, via ERK, PI3-kinase and multiple transcription factors in SH-SY5Y cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2022; 381:68-78. [PMID: 35241633 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.001076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. Although many monogenic variants have been identified that cause familial PD, most cases are sporadic and the mechanisms of sporadic PD onset remain unclear. We previously identified Midnolin (MIDN) as a novel genetic risk factor for PD in Japanese population. MIDN copy number loss was strongly associated with sporadic PD, which was replicated in British population. Furthermore, suppression of MIDN expression in rat PC12 cells inhibits neurite outgrowth and expression of Parkin ubiquitin ligase. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms of MIDN expression are unknown. We, therefore, investigated the molecular mechanism of MIDN expression in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. We found that MIDN expression was promoted by insulin via extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and PI3-kinase-dependent pathways. In addition, MIDN promoter activity was enhanced by mutations at transcription factor AP-2 consensus sequences and reduced by mutations at cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and activator protein 1 (AP-1) consensus sequences. The dominant-negative CREB mutant did not block MIDN promoter activity, but both the pharmacological inhibitor and decoy oligodeoxynucleotide for AP-1 significantly blocked its activity. Additionally, DNA binding of c-FOS and c-JUN to the AP-1 consensus sequence in the MIDN promoter was enhanced by insulin as determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation, which suggested that AP-1 positively regulated MIDN expression. Taken together, this study reveals molecular mechanisms of MIDN gene expression induced by insulin in neuronal cells, and drugs which promote MIDN expression may have potential to be a novel medicine for PD. Significance Statement We demonstrated that insulin promotes MIDN expression via ERK1/2 and PI3-kinase pathways. Furthermore, we identified the important region of the MIDN promoter and showed that transcription factors, including AP-1, positively regulate MIDN expression, whereas TFAP2 negatively regulates basal and insulin-induced MIDN expression. We believe that our observations are important and that they contribute to the development of novel drugs to treat Parkinson's disease.
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Epoxymicheliolide directly targets histone H2B to inhibit neuroinflammation via recruiting E3 ligase RNF20. Pharmacol Res 2022; 177:106093. [PMID: 35074526 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Monoubiquitination plays a critical role as one of the largest histone post-translational modifications (PTMs). Recent study has revealed that histone H2B monoubiquitination (H2Bub1) at a unique lysine 120 (K120) is widely involved in the development of inflammation progression. However, small-molecules directly targeting H2B to exert anti-inflammation effects via editing monoubiquitination have not been hitherto reported. In this study, we first discover a natural small-molecule epoxymicheliolide (ECL), which directly binds to H2B to inhibit microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in vitro and in vivo. Mechanism study suggests that ECL covalently modifies a previously undisclosed lysine 46 (K46) in H2B, and recruits E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF20 to promote H2Bub1 at K120. ChIP-seq and transcriptomics further reveal that ECL-mediated H2Bub1 markedly disrupts the AP-1 recruitment to proinflammatory gene promoters for microglia inactivation. Collectively, our findings suggests that K46 of H2B serves as a promising pharmacological target to develop small-molecule drugs against microglia-mediated neuroinflammation, and ECL represents a valuable lead compound for neuroinflammation via regulating histone monoubiquitination.
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Chen JR, Tang Y, Wang YL, Cui Q, Inam M, Kong LC, Ma HX. Serine protease inhibitor MDSPI16 ameliorates LPS-induced acute lung injury through its anti-inflammatory activity. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 88:107015. [PMID: 33182034 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A previous study described a novel serine protease inhibitor 16 from Musca domestica (MDSPI16), which inhibited the elastase and chymotrypsin. It also exhibited a potential anti-inflammatory activity for acute lung injury (ALI), while its effects on ALI are yet to be elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the effects and the underlying mechanisms of MDSPI16 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged mice and bone marrow neutrophils. The ALI model based on the results of LPS-induced mice demonstrated that MDSPI16 markedly reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells, protein exudation in lung tissues, and downregulated the level of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Furthermore, the LPS-stimulated mouse bone marrow neutrophils model was employed to determine the role of MDSPI16. The cytokine levels were quantified by both the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Consequently, the expression of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α was found to be inhibited by MDSPI16 in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, MDSPI16 also inhibited the mouse neutrophils nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway, ERK1/2 and AP-1 signaling pathway in addition to the expression of iNOS and COX-2 proteins, which in turn, might alleviate the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines during ALI. Therefore, MDSPI16 could be proposed as a potential and novel drug therapy for ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Rui Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street No. 2888, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Yan Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huaxi University Town, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Yong-Liang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street No. 2888, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Qi Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street No. 2888, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Muhammad Inam
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street No. 2888, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Ling-Cong Kong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street No. 2888, Changchun 130118, China; The Key Laboratory of New Veterinary Drug Research and Development of Jilin Province, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street No. 2888, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Hong-Xia Ma
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street No. 2888, Changchun 130118, China; The Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Drug Development, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Xincheng Street No. 2888, Changchun 130118, China.
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7
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Guan Q, Warrington R, Moreno S, Qing G, Weiss C, Peng Z. Sustained suppression of IL-18 by employing a vaccine ameliorates intestinal inflammation in TNBS-induced murine colitis. Future Sci OA 2019; 5:FSO405. [PMID: 31428451 PMCID: PMC6695525 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2018-0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To develop IL-18 peptide-based virus-like particle vaccines that elicit autoantibodies against IL-18 and to evaluate the in vivo effects of the vaccines in murine colitis. Methods Recombinant IL-18 vaccines were constructed, and the effects of the vaccines were evaluated in trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced acute and chronic colitis in mice. Results Two murine IL-18 peptide-based vaccines (A and D) were developed, which induced relative long-lasting specific antibodies against IL-18. Vaccine-immunized mouse antisera could partially block IL-18-induced IFN-γ production in vitro. Mice receiving vaccine D, not vaccine A, had a significant decrease in intestinal inflammation, collagen deposition and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in colon tissue. Conclusion IL-18 vaccine may provide a potential therapeutic approach in the treatment of Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingdong Guan
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3E 3P4, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics & Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3E 3P4, Canada.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3E 3P4, Canada.,Cellular Therapy Laboratory, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3A 1R9, Canada
| | - Richard Warrington
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3E 3P4, Canada.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Sem Moreno
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3E 3P4, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics & Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Gefei Qing
- Department of Pathology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Carolyn Weiss
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3E 3P4, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics & Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Zhikang Peng
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3E 3P4, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics & Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3E 3P4, Canada
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8
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Burge K, Gunasekaran A, Eckert J, Chaaban H. Curcumin and Intestinal Inflammatory Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms of Protection. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081912. [PMID: 31003422 PMCID: PMC6514688 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal inflammatory diseases, such as Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, and necrotizing enterocolitis, are becoming increasingly prevalent. While knowledge of the pathogenesis of these related diseases is currently incomplete, each of these conditions is thought to involve a dysfunctional, or overstated, host immunological response to both bacteria and dietary antigens, resulting in unchecked intestinal inflammation and, often, alterations in the intestinal microbiome. This inflammation can result in an impaired intestinal barrier allowing for bacterial translocation, potentially resulting in systemic inflammation and, in severe cases, sepsis. Chronic inflammation of this nature, in the case of inflammatory bowel disease, can even spur cancer growth in the longer-term. Recent research has indicated certain natural products with anti-inflammatory properties, such as curcumin, can help tame the inflammation involved in intestinal inflammatory diseases, thus improving intestinal barrier function, and potentially, clinical outcomes. In this review, we explore the potential therapeutic properties of curcumin on intestinal inflammatory diseases, including its antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties, as well as its potential to alter the intestinal microbiome. Curcumin may play a significant role in intestinal inflammatory disease treatment in the future, particularly as an adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Burge
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1200 North Everett Drive, ETNP7504, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
| | - Aarthi Gunasekaran
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1200 North Everett Drive, ETNP7504, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
| | - Jeffrey Eckert
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1200 North Everett Drive, ETNP7504, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
| | - Hala Chaaban
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1200 North Everett Drive, ETNP7504, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
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9
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Lu J, Dong B, Chen A, He F, Peng B, Wu Z, Cao J, Li W. Escherichia coli promotes DSS‑induced murine colitis recovery through activation of the TLR4/NF‑κB signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:2021-2028. [PMID: 30664156 PMCID: PMC6390074 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that intestinal microbiota have critical function in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. This present study investigated the effects of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Furthermore, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) gene expression was measured by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In total, two experiments were performed. In the first experiment, four groups were established in BALB/c mice: i) Group A, control (no treatments); ii) group B, DSS-induced colitis; iii) group C, DSS-induced colitis bacteria depleted (BD) mice; and iv) group D, E. coli-treated DSS-induced colitis BD mice. In the second experiment, there were three groups: i) Group A1, control C57BL/6 mice; ii) group B1, E. coli-treated DSS-induced colitis BD C57BL/6 mice; and iii) E. coli-treated DSS-induced colitis BD TLR4−/− mice. Clinical outcomes, colon and immune histopathology and tissue myeloperoxidase activity were assessed. Mice with DSS-induced colitis that were treated with E. coli exhibited enhanced recovery, with significantly improved clinical and histological scores compared with the DSS only group. The mRNA expression of TLR4 and NF-κB in the E. coli-treated group was also significantly higher. These effects were abolished in TLR4−/− mice, suggesting that E. coli may have promoted recovery through the TLR4 pathway. The present study indicated that E. coli promoted recovery from DSS-induced colitis in mice, potentially through activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabao Lu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Boye Dong
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Ailan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Feng He
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Baifu Peng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Zixin Wu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Jie Cao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
| | - Wanglin Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, P.R. China
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Matsui M, Terasawa K, Kajikuri J, Kito H, Endo K, Jaikhan P, Suzuki T, Ohya S. Histone Deacetylases Enhance Ca 2+-Activated K⁺ Channel K Ca3.1 Expression in Murine Inflammatory CD4⁺ T Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19102942. [PMID: 30262728 PMCID: PMC6213394 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The up-regulated expression of the Ca2+-activated K+ channel KCa3.1 in inflammatory CD4+ T cells has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) through the enhanced production of inflammatory cytokines, such as interferon-γ (IFN-γ). However, the underlying mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. The objective of the present study is to clarify the involvement of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in the up-regulation of KCa3.1 in the CD4+ T cells of IBD model mice. The expression levels of KCa3.1 and its regulators, such as function-modifying molecules and transcription factors, were quantitated using a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, Western blotting, and depolarization responses, which were induced by the selective KCa3.1 blocker TRAM-34 (1 μM) and were measured using a voltage-sensitive fluorescent dye imaging system. The treatment with 1 μM vorinostat, a pan-HDAC inhibitor, for 24 h repressed the transcriptional expression of KCa3.1 in the splenic CD4+ T cells of IBD model mice. Accordingly, TRAM-34-induced depolarization responses were significantly reduced. HDAC2 and HDAC3 were significantly up-regulated in the CD4+ T cells of IBD model mice. The down-regulated expression of KCa3.1 was observed following treatments with the selective inhibitors of HDAC2 and HDAC3. The KCa3.1 K+ channel regulates inflammatory cytokine production in CD4+ T cells, mediating epigenetic modifications by HDAC2 and HDAC3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Matsui
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan.
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
| | - Kyoko Terasawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan.
| | - Junko Kajikuri
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Kito
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
| | - Kyoko Endo
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan.
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
| | - Pattaporn Jaikhan
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 403-8334, Japan.
| | - Takayoshi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 403-8334, Japan.
| | - Susumu Ohya
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
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11
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The complete genome of Cyprinid herpesvirus 2, a new strain isolated from Allogynogenetic crucian carp. Virus Res 2018; 256:6-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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12
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Guan Q, Weiss CR, Wang S, Qing G, Yang X, Warrington RJ, Bernstein CN, Peng Z. Reversing Ongoing Chronic Intestinal Inflammation and Fibrosis by Sustained Block of IL-12 and IL-23 Using a Vaccine in Mice. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018; 24:1941-1952. [PMID: 29788053 PMCID: PMC6205364 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izy142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-23 that share subunit p40 are important cytokines in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. We reported that mouse p40 peptide-based vaccines ameliorated intestinal inflammation in the prevention of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)–induced murine colitis model. Here, we evaluated whether administration of the vaccine after establishment of colitis would be effective in modifying both TNBS-induced and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)–induced chronic colitis and the underlying immune mechanisms. We further examined whether vaccination could exacerbate infections. Chronic colitis was developed by either intrarectally administrating TNBS or drinking 4% DSS water. Vaccination started after two TNBS administrations or 7 days of DSS treatment. Results showed that administrating p40 vaccine induced high tittered antibodies to IL-12 and IL-23, improved clinical scores, reduced intestinal inflammation and fibrosis, and down-regulated proinflammatory cytokine productions in colon tissue, compared with control mice. Furthermore, in lamina propria mononuclear cells and/or mesenteric lymph nodes, mice immunized with p40 peptide vaccine exhibited high ratios of Treg/Th1 and Treg/Th17 cells and increased IL-10 expression in CD11c+IL-10+cells. In mice infected with lung chlamydia, in which the protective role of Th1/Th17 is well documented, vaccine immunization did not increase lung bacterial burden. We conclude that p40 vaccine may provide a potential and safe approach for treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingdong Guan
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada,Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada,Cellular Therapy Laboratory, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada,The Institute of Clinical Research and Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou Shi, Gansu Sheng, China,Address correspondence to: Dr. Qingdong Guan, Cellular Therapy Laboratory, CancerCare Manitoba, MS773M, 820 Sherbrook St., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3A 1R9. E-mail:
| | - Carolyn R Weiss
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada,Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Shuhe Wang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Gefei Qing
- Department of Pathology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Richard J Warrington
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Charles N Bernstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Zhikang Peng
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada,Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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13
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The regulatory role of Nrf2 in antioxidants phase2 enzymes and IL-17A expression in patients with ulcerative colitis. Pathol Res Pract 2018; 214:1149-1155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Sabzevary-Ghahfarokhi M, Shohan M, Shirzad H, Rahimian G, Bagheri N, Soltani A, Deris F, Ghatreh-Samani M, Razmara E. The expression analysis of Fra-1 gene and IL-11 protein in Iranian patients with ulcerative colitis. BMC Immunol 2018; 19:17. [PMID: 29914371 PMCID: PMC6006762 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-018-0257-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fra-1 (fosl1) belongs to the activator protein1 (AP-1) family inducing IL-11 expression in oxidative stress condition. IL-11 plays a pivotal role in protecting epithelial barriers integrity. In this study, we investigated the Fra-1 gene expression in the inflamed mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) as well as its relation to IL-11 expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS We enrolled 20 patients and 20 healthy controls with definite UC based on the clinical criteria. Fra-1 gene expression in inflamed and non-inflamed colonic biopsies was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The IL-11 protein concentration was measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Pearson correlation was applied to calculate the relation between Fra-1 and IL-11. RESULTS An increased level of Fra-1 gene expression was observed in patients with mild ulcerative colitis. The protein concentration of IL-11 was also increased in mild UC patients. Conversely, a significant decrease of IL-11 protein level was detected in severe UC patients compared to control group. CONCLUSION Oxidative stress in inflamed intestinal biopsies can induce fra-1 gene expression. Our findings suggest that Fra-1 transcription factor leads to the production of IL-11 protein in UC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Sabzevary-Ghahfarokhi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Shohan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hedayatollah Shirzad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Ghorbanali Rahimian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Nader Bagheri
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Amin Soltani
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Deris
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mahdi Ghatreh-Samani
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Ehsan Razmara
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Shi L, Lin Q, Li X, Nie Y, Sun S, Deng X, Wang L, Lu J, Tang Y, Luo F. Alliin, a garlic organosulfur compound, ameliorates gut inflammation through MAPK-NF-κB/AP-1/STAT-1 inactivation and PPAR-γ activation. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28371322 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201601013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE In this study, the anti-inflammatory effects and the molecular mechanism of alliin were analyzed in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cell model. METHODS The phenotype of mice was recorded in the DSS-induced and/or alliin (500 mg/kg) groups. Histopathological alterations were analyzed by H&E staining. MPO and MDA of colon tissues were measured. The mRNA expression levels of inflammatory factors were determined by qRT-PCR, and protein expressions of inflammatory factors or activation of kinases were determined by Western blotting. RESULTS Oral administration of alliin significantly inhibited the decrease of body weight, improved the DAI and decreased the infiltration of inflammatory cells in colonic tissues. The content of NO, MDA, and MPO, the expression of iNOS and inflammatory factors as well as MAPK and the phosphorylation of PPAR-γ were inhibited in alliin-treated group. Treatment with alliin significantly repressed the expression of inflammatory factors in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Further research demonstrated that alliin repressed LPS-induced AP-1/NF-κB/STAT-1 activation by inhibiting the phosphorylations of p38, JNK, and ERK1/2-regulated PPAR-γ activation. CONCLUSION Our results show that alliin ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis and inhibits the inflammatory responses in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells partly through inhibiting ERK1/2-, JNK-/PPAR-γ-stimulated NF-κB/AP-1/STAT-1 activations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Shi
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, College of Food Science and Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Processing of Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Qinlu Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, College of Food Science and Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Processing of Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Xinhua Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Nie
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, College of Food Science and Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Processing of Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Shuguo Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, College of Food Science and Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Processing of Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Xiyun Deng
- Department of Pathology, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Long Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, College of Food Science and Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Processing of Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, College of Food Science and Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Processing of Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Yiping Tang
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, College of Food Science and Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Processing of Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Feijun Luo
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, College of Food Science and Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Processing of Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
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Locatelli M, Ferrante C, Carradori S, Secci D, Leporini L, Chiavaroli A, Leone S, Recinella L, Orlando G, Martinotti S, Brunetti L, Vacca M, Menghini L. Optimization of Aqueous Extraction and Biological Activity of Harpagophytum procumbens Root on Ex Vivo Rat Colon Inflammatory Model. Phytother Res 2017; 31:937-944. [PMID: 28447368 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Harpagophytum procumbens has a long story of use for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Considering both the antiinflammatory effects of H. procumbens in multiple tissues and the stability of harpagoside in artificial intestinal fluid, the aim of the present study was to explore the possible protective role of a microwave-assisted aqueous Harpagophytum extract (1-1000 μg/mL) on mouse myoblast C2C12 and human colorectal adenocarcinoma HCT116 cell lines, and isolated rat colon specimens challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a validated ex vivo model of acute ulcerative colitis. In this context, we evaluated the effects on C2C12 and HCT116 viability, and on LPS-induced production of serotonin (5-HT), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, prostaglandin (PG)E2 and 8-iso-prostaglandin (8-iso-PG)F2α . Harpagophytum extract was well tolerated by C2C12 cells, while reduced HCT116 colon cancer cell viability. On the other hand, Harpagophytum extract reduced H2 O2 -induced (1 mM) reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, in both cell lines, and inhibited LPS-induced colon production of PGE2 , 8-iso-PGF2α , 5-HT and TNFα. Concluding, we demonstrated the efficacy of a microwave-assisted Harpagophytum aqueous extract in modulating the inflammatory, oxidative stress and immune response in an experimental model of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), thus suggesting a rational use of Harpagophytum in the management and prevention of ulcerative colitis in humans. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Locatelli
- Department of Pharmacy, G. D'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Claudio Ferrante
- Department of Pharmacy, G. D'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, G. D'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Daniela Secci
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Lidia Leporini
- Department of Pharmacy, G. D'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Annalisa Chiavaroli
- Department of Pharmacy, G. D'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Sheila Leone
- Department of Pharmacy, G. D'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Lucia Recinella
- Department of Pharmacy, G. D'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giustino Orlando
- Department of Pharmacy, G. D'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Sara Martinotti
- Department of Pharmacy, G. D'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Luigi Brunetti
- Department of Pharmacy, G. D'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Michele Vacca
- Department of Pharmacy, G. D'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Luigi Menghini
- Department of Pharmacy, G. D'Annunzio University Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
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17
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Brant SR, Okou DT, Simpson CL, Cutler DJ, Haritunians T, Bradfield JP, Chopra P, Prince J, Begum F, Kumar A, Huang C, Venkateswaran S, Datta LW, Wei Z, Thomas K, Herrinton LJ, Klapproth JMA, Quiros AJ, Seminerio J, Liu Z, Alexander JS, Baldassano RN, Dudley-Brown S, Cross RK, Dassopoulos T, Denson LA, Dhere TA, Dryden GW, Hanson JS, Hou JK, Hussain SZ, Hyams JS, Isaacs KL, Kader H, Kappelman MD, Katz J, Kellermayer R, Kirschner BS, Kuemmerle JF, Kwon JH, Lazarev M, Li E, Mack D, Mannon P, Moulton DE, Newberry RD, Osuntokun BO, Patel AS, Saeed SA, Targan SR, Valentine JF, Wang MH, Zonca M, Rioux JD, Duerr RH, Silverberg MS, Cho JH, Hakonarson H, Zwick ME, McGovern DPB, Kugathasan S. Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies African-Specific Susceptibility Loci in African Americans With Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Gastroenterology 2017; 152:206-217.e2. [PMID: 27693347 PMCID: PMC5164948 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) cause significant morbidity and are increasing in prevalence among all populations, including African Americans. More than 200 susceptibility loci have been identified in populations of predominantly European ancestry, but few loci have been associated with IBD in other ethnicities. METHODS We performed 2 high-density, genome-wide scans comprising 2345 cases of African Americans with IBD (1646 with CD, 583 with UC, and 116 inflammatory bowel disease unclassified) and 5002 individuals without IBD (controls, identified from the Health Retirement Study and Kaiser Permanente database). Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated at P < 5.0 × 10-8 in meta-analysis with a nominal evidence (P < .05) in each scan were considered to have genome-wide significance. RESULTS We detected SNPs at HLA-DRB1, and African-specific SNPs at ZNF649 and LSAMP, with associations of genome-wide significance for UC. We detected SNPs at USP25 with associations of genome-wide significance for IBD. No associations of genome-wide significance were detected for CD. In addition, 9 genes previously associated with IBD contained SNPs with significant evidence for replication (P < 1.6 × 10-6): ADCY3, CXCR6, HLA-DRB1 to HLA-DQA1 (genome-wide significance on conditioning), IL12B,PTGER4, and TNC for IBD; IL23R, PTGER4, and SNX20 (in strong linkage disequilibrium with NOD2) for CD; and KCNQ2 (near TNFRSF6B) for UC. Several of these genes, such as TNC (near TNFSF15), CXCR6, and genes associated with IBD at the HLA locus, contained SNPs with unique association patterns with African-specific alleles. CONCLUSIONS We performed a genome-wide association study of African Americans with IBD and identified loci associated with UC in only this population; we also replicated IBD, CD, and UC loci identified in European populations. The detection of variants associated with IBD risk in only people of African descent demonstrates the importance of studying the genetics of IBD and other complex diseases in populations beyond those of European ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven R Brant
- Department of Medicine, Meyerhoff Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - David T Okou
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Claire L Simpson
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee; Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - David J Cutler
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Talin Haritunians
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jonathan P Bradfield
- Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Pankaj Chopra
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jarod Prince
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ferdouse Begum
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Archana Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Chengrui Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Lisa W Datta
- Department of Medicine, Meyerhoff Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Zhi Wei
- Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kelly Thomas
- Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Antonio J Quiros
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Pediatric Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disorders, Summerville, South Carolina
| | - Jenifer Seminerio
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medical University of South Carolina Digestive Disease Center, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Zhenqiu Liu
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jonathan S Alexander
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - Robert N Baldassano
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sharon Dudley-Brown
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University Schools of Medicine & Nursing, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Raymond K Cross
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Lee A Denson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Tanvi A Dhere
- Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Gerald W Dryden
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - John S Hanson
- Charlotte Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Jason K Hou
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine; Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development Service, Center for Innovations in Quality Effectiveness and Safety; Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sunny Z Hussain
- Department of Pediatrics, Willis-Knighton Physician Network, Shreveport, Louisiana
| | - Jeffrey S Hyams
- Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, Connecticut
| | - Kim L Isaacs
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Howard Kader
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Michael D Kappelman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jeffry Katz
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Richard Kellermayer
- Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Barbara S Kirschner
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, Illinois
| | - John F Kuemmerle
- Medicine and Physiology and Biophysics, Medical College of Virginia Campus of Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - John H Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Mark Lazarev
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ellen Li
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
| | - David Mack
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa and Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Mannon
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | - Rodney D Newberry
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Ashish S Patel
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Shehzad A Saeed
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Stephan R Targan
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Ming-Hsi Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Martin Zonca
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan
| | - John D Rioux
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal and the Montreal Heart Institute Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Richard H Duerr
- Department of Medicine and Clinical and Translational Science Institute, School of Medicine and Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health; University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mark S Silverberg
- Department of Medicine, Zane Cohen Centre for Digestive Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Judy H Cho
- Medicine and Genetics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael E Zwick
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Dermot P B McGovern
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Subra Kugathasan
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
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Schneider M, Efferth T, Abdel-Aziz H. Anti-inflammatory Effects of Herbal Preparations STW5 and STW5-II in Cytokine-Challenged Normal Human Colon Cells. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:393. [PMID: 27833553 PMCID: PMC5080345 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic relapsing intestinal disorders characterized by up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines followed by invasion of immune cells to the intestinal lamina propria. Standard therapies consist of anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive drugs. Since clinical efficiency is not satisfactory and the established drugs have massive side effects, new strategies to treat IBD are required. Herein, we investigate the protective effect of the fixed combination herbal preparations STW5 and STW5-II and the contribution of the corresponding single components in an in vitro inflammation model. The normal human colon epithelial cell line, NCM460, was treated with STW5, STW5-II or their single components for 4 h followed by experimental conditions comparable to induction of colitis. A pro-inflammatory cytokine cocktail consisting of TNF-α, IL-β, and IFN-γ was used to simulate inflammatory stimuli normally caused by immune cells. The effects on NCM460 cells were investigated by enzyme-linked immunoassay and Proteome Profiler®. Levels of IP-10, MCP-1, I-TAC, Groα, and IL-8 were elevated in chemokine-treated cells compared to untreated cells, but significantly reduced upon pretreatment with STW5 or STW5-II. However, the single compounds revealed only little effects on protein expression. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of both combination preparations on pro-inflammatory transcription factors of the STAT family using Western blot. In addition, we tested the effects on upstream MAPK p38. Both, STW5 and STW5-II did not show any effect on MAPK p38, but were effective in reducing phosphorylated levels of STAT1. In conclusion, both combination preparations act in an anti-inflammatory manner by influencing cytokine secretion via reduced activity of the JAK/STAT1 pathway. Relevant differences between STW5 and STW5-II were not found indicating similar efficacies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Schneider
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz Germany
| | - Heba Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University, MainzGermany; Medical and Clinical Affairs Phytomedicines, Steigerwald Arzneimittelwerk GmbH, Bayer Consumer Health, DarmstadtGermany
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Kusunoki R, Ishihara S, Tada Y, Oka A, Sonoyama H, Fukuba N, Oshima N, Moriyama I, Yuki T, Kawashima K, Ansary MMU, Tajima Y, Maruyama R, Nabika T, Kinoshita Y. Role of milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 in colonic inflammation and carcinogenesis. J Gastroenterol 2015; 50:862-75. [PMID: 25596854 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-014-1036-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) promotes phagocytic clearance of apoptotic cells to maintain normal tissue homeostasis. However, its functions in intestinal inflammation and carcinogenesis are unknown. METHODS Experimental colitis was induced in MFG-E8 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) administration. Colon tissues were used for assessments of colitis activity and epithelial proliferation. A mouse colitis-associated cancer (CAC) model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of azoxymethane (AOM) and then the animals were given a single administration of DSS. A sporadic colon cancer model was established by repeated intraperitoneal injections of AOM. The role of MFG-E8 in epithelial proliferation with or without treatment of siRNA targeting α(v)-integrin was examined in vitro using a WST-1 assay. RESULTS The severity of colitis in KO mice was greater than that in WT mice, while the proliferative potential of colonic epithelial cells in KO mice was lower during the regenerative phase. In both CAC and sporadic models, tumor size in KO was lower as compared to WT mice, while decreased tumor incidence was only found in the CAC model. In vitro findings showed that MFG-E8 promotes epithelial cell proliferation, and treatment with a siRNA targeting α(v)-integrin reduced the proliferation of Colon-26 cells stimulated with recombinant MFG-E8. CONCLUSIONS MFG-E8 promotes tumor growth regardless of the presence or absence of colonic inflammation, whereas colon tumor development is initiated by MFG-E8 under inflammatory conditions. These MFG-E8 functions may be dependent on integrin-mediated cellular signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryusaku Kusunoki
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
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20
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Roles of lymphocyte Kv1.3-channels in gut mucosal immune system: Novel therapeutic implications for inflammatory bowel disease. Med Hypotheses 2015; 85:61-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2015.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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21
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Hiramatsu Y, Satho T, Hyakutake M, Irie K, Mishima K, Miake F, Kashige N. The anti-inflammatory effects of a high-frequency oligodeoxynucleotide from the genomic DNA of Lactobacillus casei. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 23:139-47. [PMID: 25193776 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Genomic DNA has been identified as an anti-inflammatory component of Lactobacillus species, the effects of which are mediated through toll-like receptor (TLR) 9. In this study, we identified 14 novel anti-inflammatory oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) from the genomic DNA of Lactobacillus casei by measuring their effects on the secretion of interleukin (IL)-8 (CXCL8) in the human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line Caco-2 cells. The ODN TTTTGCCG strongly decreased IL-8 secretion. In the genomic DNA of Lactobacillus species, the frequency of TTTTGCCG was highest in the genomic DNA of L. casei and similar among strains of L. casei. Decreases in inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expressions in macrophage-like differentiated THP-1 cells confirmed the anti-inflammatory effect of TTTTGCCG. Furthermore, oral administration of TTTTGCCG ameliorated dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced murine colitis and DSS-induced increased expression of inflammatory factor mRNAs, such as macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2 (CXCL2), iNOS, and COX-2. The anti-inflammatory effect of TTTTGCCG was mainly regulated by an increase in heat shock protein (Hsp) 70 expression in the epithelium. TLR9 and Hsp90 may primarily mediate the anti-inflammatory effect of TTTTGCCG on Hsp70 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Hiramatsu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1, Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Satho
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1, Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Mika Hyakutake
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1, Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Keiichi Irie
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1, Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Kenichi Mishima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1, Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Fumio Miake
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1, Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Kashige
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1, Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
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Guan Q, Burtnick HA, Qing G, Weiss CR, Ma AG, Ma Y, Warrington RJ, Peng Z. Employing an IL-23 p19 vaccine to block IL-23 ameliorates chronic murine colitis. Immunotherapy 2014; 5:1313-22. [PMID: 24283842 DOI: 10.2217/imt.13.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overexpression of IL-23 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease. Using vaccines to block overexpressed endogenous cytokines has emerged as a new therapeutic strategy for the long-term treatment of the disease. AIM We sought to develop peptide-based vaccines specific to IL-23 and evaluate their effects in colitis mice. MATERIALS & METHODS The vaccine was developed by inserting a peptide derived from mouse IL-23 p19 into the carrier protein, hepatitis B core antigen, using molecular engineering methods. One vaccine against IL-23 p19 was obtained that induced high-titered and long-lasting antibodies to IL-23 without the use of adjuvants. The inhibitory effect of vaccine-immunized serum was subsequently evaluated in vitro. To evaluate the in vivo effects, mice were subcutaneously injected with the vaccine, carrier or saline three times. Two weeks after the last injection, chronic colitis was induced in mice by seven weekly administrations with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid. RESULTS In vitro studies revealed that serum IL-23 p19-specific IgG significantly suppressed IL-23-induced IL-17 production by splenocytes. In vivo evaluation of the effect of the vaccine in mice with chronic colitis indicated that vaccine-immunized mice exhibited a decrease in colon inflammation, collagen deposition and levels of IL-23 and IL-12 cytokines, compared with control groups. CONCLUSION IL-23 p19 vaccine is capable of downregulating inflammatory responses in chronic murine colitis, providing a novel therapeutic approach in Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingdong Guan
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 3P4, Canada
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Differential expression of AP-1 proteins in human myometrium after spontaneous term labour onset. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2014; 177:100-5. [PMID: 24784710 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2014.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were (i) to determine the localisation of activator protein (AP)-1 family members (cFos, FosB, cJun, JunB and JunD) in human myometrium; and (ii) to determine the effect of human term labour on the expression of AP-1 family of transcription factors in myometrium. STUDY DESIGN This localised the AP-1 family members cFos, FosB, cJun, JunB and JunD in human myometrium was performed by immunohistochemistry. The effect of term labour on the expression of these family members at the mRNA and protein level was assessed by qRT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The effect of pro-inflammatory stimuli on AP-1 transcriptional activity was assessed using a luciferase assay in primary human myometrial cells. RESULTS Immunohistochemical expression of cFos, FosB, cJun, JunB and JunD were all present in human myometrial tissue and displayed cytoplasmic staining. FosB and JunD also displayed nuclear staining. Term labour was associated with an increase in cFos and JunB mRNA and protein expression. On the other hand, JunD mRNA and protein expression was decreased with labour. FosB mRNA was increased with labour, but there was no change at the protein level. There was no change in cJun mRNA or protein expression. AP-1 transcriptional activity was increased in human myometrial cells by the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α. There was, however, no effect of the bacterial products lipopolysaccharide (LPS; TLR4 ligand), iE-DAP (NOD1 ligand), MDP (NOD2 ligand), FSL-1 (TLR2 ligand) or flagellin (TLR5 ligand) on AP-1 transcriptional activity. CONCLUSION This study shows that human labour is associated with changes in AP-1 family members. Further studies are required to determine the exact role of the AP-1 family members in myometrium.
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AZIZ MONOWAR, ISHIHARA SHUNJI, ANSARY MESBAHUDDIN, SONOYAMA HIROKI, TADA YASUMASA, OKA AKIHIKO, KUSUNOKI RYUSAKU, TAMAGAWA YUJI, FUKUBA NOBUHIKO, MISHIMA YOSHIYUKI, MISHIRO TSUYOSHI, OSHIMA NAOKI, MORIYAMA ICHIRO, ISHIMURA NORIHISA, SATO SHUICHI, YUKI TAKAFUMI, KAWASHIMA KOUSAKU, KINOSHITA YOSHIKAZU. Crosstalk between TLR5 and Notch1 signaling in epithelial cells during intestinal inflammation. Int J Mol Med 2013; 32:1051-62. [PMID: 24048326 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Guan Q, Moreno S, Qing G, Weiss CR, Lu L, Bernstein CN, Warrington RJ, Ma Y, Peng Z. The role and potential therapeutic application of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in TNBS-induced colitis. J Leukoc Biol 2013; 94:803-11. [PMID: 23901119 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0113050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MDSCs, a heterogeneous population of cells that expand during many pathogenic conditions, have remarkable abilities to suppress T cell responses. Their role in murine colitis, induced by TNBS and therapeutic application, remains unclear. Murine colitis was induced through intrarectally administrating TNBS, twice. MDSCs in spleen and colonic LPMCs were identified using flow cytometric analysis. In adoptive transfer, MDSCs were isolated from spleen after TNBS challenges by using microbeads or generated in vitro by coculturing bone marrow cells with HSCs and then transferred into naïve mice. Two hours later, mice were then challenged with TNBS, once/week for 2 weeks. The mice were killed four days after the second TNBS delivery, and intestinal inflammation and cytokine levels and MDSC percentages were evaluated. The percentages of CD11b+Gr-1+MDSCs and subsets (CD11b+Ly6C+ and CD11b+Ly6G+MDSCs) were increased in spleen and/or colonic LPMCs in colitis mice and also correlated with the severity of intestinal inflammation. MDSCs isolated from colitis mice suppressed the proliferation of splenocytes in vitro. Adoptive transfer of MDSCs, isolated from colitis mice or generated in vitro, decreased intestinal inflammation, levels of IFN-γ, IL-17, and TNF, and percentages of spleen MDSCs when compared with controls. MDSCs that have inhibitory function in vitro and in vivo are increased and correlated with intestinal inflammation, suggesting that they may be used as a biomarker of disease activity and a cell-based biotherapy in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingdong Guan
- 1.University of Manitoba, 532-715 McDermot Ave., Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 3P4.
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Guan Q, Weiss CR, Qing G, Ma Y, Peng Z. An IL-17 peptide-based and virus-like particle vaccine enhances the bioactivity of IL-17 in vitro and in vivo. Immunotherapy 2013; 4:1799-807. [PMID: 23240747 DOI: 10.2217/imt.12.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To develop an IL-17 peptide-based virus-like particle vaccine that elicits autoantibodies to IL-17 and to evaluate the effects of the vaccine in mice with experimental colitis. MATERIALS & METHODS Recombinant IL-17 vaccines were constructed by inserting selected peptides derived from mouse IL-17 into the carrier protein, hepatitis B core antigen, using molecular engineering methods. To evaluate the in vivo effects of the vaccine, mice with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced chronic colitis were injected three times with the vaccine, carrier or saline after the second delivery of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid. Colon inflammation and fibrosis were evaluated by histological examination. Serum IL-17-specific IgG and colon-tissue cytokine levels were measured by ELISA. In vitro inhibition tests of sera from vaccine-immunized mice were performed using IL-17-induced IL-6 production by NIH 3T3 cells and IL-17-induced TNF production by macrophages. RESULTS Immunization with the vaccine without the use of adjuvants induced high-titered and long-lasting antibodies to IL-17. Unexpectedly, vaccinated mice exhibited increases in colon inflammation, collagen deposition, levels of TNF and IL-17 cytokines compared with carrier and saline groups. Furthermore, in vitro study revealed that serum IL-17-specific IgG from vaccine-immunized mice significantly enhanced IL-17-induced IL-6 production and IL-17-induced TNF production dose-dependently. CONCLUSION The IL-17 peptide-based vaccine enhances the bioactivity of IL-17 in vitro and in vivo, providing a potential immunotherapy for treatment of diseases associated with insufficient IL-17 production, such as hyper-IgE syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingdong Guan
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Ren WK, Yin J, Zhu XP, Liu G, Li NZ, Peng YY, Yin YY. Glutamine on Intestinal Inflammation: A Mechanistic Perspective. EUR J INFLAMM 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x1301100201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal inflammation is associated with various pathological diseases, such as gastritis from Helicobacter pylori infection, Crohn's and colitis in inflammatory bowel disease, and colorectal cancer. Thus, treatment with anti-inflammatory substances in these inflammation-associated diseases is critical. Increasingly compelling evidence indicates that glutamine is an anti-inflammatory compound candidate because it can influence the long-term outcome of the inflammatory diseases with in a low-risk way. However, before recommending its use in clinical practice, it is important to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which glutamine exerts its roles in modulating intestinal inflammation. In this study, we review the current knowledge on the detailed regulation pathway used by glutamine in its proinflammatory regulation, with a special emphasis on intestinal inflammation. These regulation pathways include nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), phosphoinositide-3-kinases (PI3K)/PI3K-protein kinase B (Akt), activating protein-1 (AP-1), nitric oxide synthases (NOS)-nitric oxide (NO), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-Γ (PPARγ), heat shock factor-1 (HSF-1)- heat shock proteins (HSP) and glutathione (GSH) - reactive oxygen species (ROS). Although some regulatory pathways, such as PI3K/PI3K-Akt, GSH-ROS and AP-1, need to be further investigated, this review provides useful information to utilize glutamine as an immunonutritional or pharmaconutritional drug, not only for inflammation-associated diseases in the intestine, but also possibly for other inflammatory-associated diseases, i.e. arthritis, asthma, type 2 diabetes, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- W-K. Ren
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Immunology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - J. Yin
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - X-P. Zhu
- Laboratory of Immunology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - G. Liu
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - N-Z. Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Y-Y. Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Y-Y. Yin
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China
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Grbic DM, Degagné É, Larrivée JF, Bilodeau MS, Vinette V, Arguin G, Stankova J, Gendron FP. P2Y6 receptor contributes to neutrophil recruitment to inflamed intestinal mucosa by increasing CXC chemokine ligand 8 expression in an AP-1-dependent manner in epithelial cells. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2012; 18:1456-69. [PMID: 22095787 DOI: 10.1002/ibd.21931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 09/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel diseases are characterized by the presence of CXCL8 at the site of lesions resulting in neutrophil recruitment and loss of tissue functions. We report that P2Y(6) receptor activation stimulates CXCL8 expression and release by intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). In this context, we investigated if uridine 5'-diphosphate (UDP) enemas stimulate neutrophil recruitment to the mucosa of mice suffering from colitis-like disease and we characterized the signaling events linking P2Y(6) to CXCL8 expression in IEC. METHODS Neutrophil recruitment was monitored by immunofluorescence and FACS analysis. Expression of Cxcl1, a mouse functional homolog of CXCL8, was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Pharmacological inhibitors and interfering RNAs were used to characterize the signaling pathway. The outcomes of these treatments on protein phosphorylation and on CXCL8 expression were characterized by western blots, qPCR, luciferase, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays. RESULTS Mutation of the AP-1 site in the CXCL8 core promoter abolished the UDP-stimulating effect. The c-fos/c-jun dimer was identified as the AP-1 complex regulating CXCL8 in response to UDP stimulation. Regulation of CXCL8 expression by P2Y(6) required PKCδ activation upstream of the signaling pathway composed of MEK1/2-ERK1/2 and c-fos. UDP administration to mice suffering from colitis-like disease increased the number of neutrophil infiltrating the mucosa, correlating with Cxcl1 increased expression in IEC and the severity of inflammation. CONCLUSIONS This study not only describes the P2Y(6) signaling mechanism regulating CXCL8 expression in IEC, but it also illustrates the potential of targeting P2Y(6) to reduce intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djordje M Grbic
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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Kundu JK, Surh YJ. Emerging avenues linking inflammation and cancer. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 52:2013-37. [PMID: 22391222 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The role of inflammation in carcinogenesis has been extensively investigated and well documented. Many biochemical processes that are altered during chronic inflammation have been implicated in tumorigenesis. These include shifting cellular redox balance toward oxidative stress; induction of genomic instability; increased DNA damage; stimulation of cell proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis; deregulation of cellular epigenetic control of gene expression; and inappropriate epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. A wide array of proinflammatory cytokines, prostaglandins, nitric oxide, and matricellular proteins are closely involved in premalignant and malignant conversion of cells in a background of chronic inflammation. Inappropriate transcription of genes encoding inflammatory mediators, survival factors, and angiogenic and metastatic proteins is the key molecular event in linking inflammation and cancer. Aberrant cell signaling pathways comprising various kinases and their downstream transcription factors have been identified as the major contributors in abnormal gene expression associated with inflammation-driven carcinogenesis. The posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression by microRNAs also provides the molecular basis for linking inflammation to cancer. This review highlights the multifaceted role of inflammation in carcinogenesis in the context of altered cellular redox signaling.
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Guan Q, Ma Y, Hillman CL, Qing G, Ma AG, Weiss CR, Zhou G, Bai A, Warrington RJ, Bernstein CN, Peng Z. Targeting IL-12/IL-23 by employing a p40 peptide-based vaccine ameliorates TNBS-induced acute and chronic murine colitis. Mol Med 2011; 17:646-56. [PMID: 21424108 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2010.00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Accepted: 03/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-23 both share the p40 subunit and are key cytokines in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease. Previously, we have developed and identified three mouse p40 peptide-based and virus-like particle vaccines. Here, we evaluated the effects and immune mechanisms of the optimal vaccine in downregulating intestinal inflammation in murine acute and chronic colitis, induced by intrarectal administrations of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). Mice were injected subcutaneously with vaccine, vaccine carrier or saline three times, and then intrarectally administered TNBS weekly for 2 wks (acute colitis) or 7 wks (chronic colitis). The severity of colitis was evaluated by body weight, histology and collagen and cytokine levels in colon tissue. Th1 and Th17 cells in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) were determined. Our results showed the vaccine induced high level and long-lasting specific IgG antibodies to p40, IL-12 and IL-23. After administrations of TNBS, vaccinated mice had significantly less body weight loss and a significant decrease of inflammatory scores, collagen deposition and expression of p40, IL-12, IL-23, IL-17, TNF, iNOS and Bcl-2 in colon tissues, compared with carrier and saline groups. Moreover, vaccinated mice exhibited a trend to lower percentages of Th1 cells in acute colitis and of Th17 cells in chronic colitis in MLN than in controls. In summary, administration of the vaccine induced specific antibodies to IL-12 and IL-23, which was associated with improvement of intestinal inflammation and fibrosis. This suggests that the vaccine may provide a potential approach for the long-term treatment of Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingdong Guan
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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31
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Ma Y, Guan Q, Bai A, Weiss CR, Hillman CL, Ma A, Zhou G, Qing G, Peng Z. Targeting TGF-beta1 by employing a vaccine ameliorates fibrosis in a mouse model of chronic colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2010; 16:1040-50. [PMID: 19924805 DOI: 10.1002/ibd.21167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal fibrosis and stricture formation are major complications of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), for which there are currently few effective treatments. We sought to investigate whether targeting transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), a key profibrotic mediator, with a peptide-based virus-like particle vaccine would be effective in suppressing intestinal fibrosis by using a mouse model of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced chronic colitis. METHODS The vaccine was prepared by inserting a peptide derived from mouse TGF-beta1 into a carrier hepatitis B core antigen using gene recombination methods. Chronic colitis was induced in BALB/c mice by 8 weekly TNBS administrations. Mice were subcutaneously injected with vaccine, carrier, or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) in 2 separate studies: either before or after acute inflammatory responses commenced. RESULTS Sera from vaccinated mice exhibited significantly elevated levels of TGF-beta1-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG), which inhibited TGF-beta1-induced luciferase production in mink lung epithelial cells. In the chronic colitis model, mice receiving vaccine showed improved body weight gain and significantly reduced colonic collagen deposition. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and semiquantitative scoring indicated that vaccination even ameliorated colonic inflammation. Cytokine profile analysis revealed that levels of TGF-beta1, interleukin (IL)-17, and IL-23 in vaccinated mouse colon tissues were decreased, and that percentages of IL-17-expressing CD4(+) lymphocytes in mesenteric lymph node cells were reduced. Furthermore, Smad3 phosphorylation, a key event in TGF-beta signaling, was decreased in colonic tissue in vaccinated mice. CONCLUSIONS This TGF-beta1 peptide-based vaccine, which suppressed excessive TGF-beta1 bioactivity, may prevent the development of intestinal fibrosis and associated complications, presenting a novel approach in the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Ma
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Lai SY, Johnson FM. Defining the role of the JAK-STAT pathway in head and neck and thoracic malignancies: implications for future therapeutic approaches. Drug Resist Updat 2010; 13:67-78. [PMID: 20471303 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2010.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2010] [Accepted: 04/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Although the role of the Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway has been most extensively studied in hematopoietic cells and hematologic malignancies, it is also activated in epithelial tumors, including those originating in the lungs and head and neck. The canonical pathway involves the activation of JAK following ligand binding to cytokine receptors. The activated JAKs then phosphorylate STAT proteins, leading to their dimerization and translocation into the nucleus. In the nucleus, STATs act as transcription factors with pleiotropic downstream effects. STATs can be activated independently of JAKs, most notably by c-Src kinases. In cancer cells, STAT3 and STAT5 activation leads to the increased expression of downstream target genes, leading to increased cell proliferation, cell survival, angiogenesis, and immune system evasion. STAT3 and STAT5 are expressed and activated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) where they contribute to cell survival and proliferation. In HNSCC, STATs can be activated by a number of signal transduction pathways, including the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), alpha7 nicotinic receptor, interleukin (IL) receptor, and erythropoietin receptor pathways. Activated STATs are also expressed in lung cancer, but the biological effects of JAK/STAT inhibition in this cancer are variable. In lung cancer, STAT3 can be activated by multiple pathways, including EGFR. Several approaches have been used to inhibit STAT3 in the hopes of developing an antitumor agent. Although several STAT3-specific agents are promising, none are in clinical development, mostly because of drug delivery and stability issues. In contrast, several JAK inhibitors are in clinical development. These orally available, ATP-competitive, small-molecule kinase inhibitors are being tested in myeloproliferative disorders. Future studies will determine whether JAK inhibitors are useful in the treatment of HNSCC or lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Y Lai
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Ishihara S, Aziz MM, Yuki T, Kazumori H, Kinoshita Y. Inflammatory bowel disease: review from the aspect of genetics. J Gastroenterol 2010; 44:1097-108. [PMID: 19802731 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-009-0141-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2009] [Accepted: 09/09/2009] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Regardless of how inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is defined, the term "genetic susceptibility" is always included. Due to substantial progress in the characterization of susceptible genes that interact with environmental influences, a number of review articles offering the latest insights continue to be presented. To date, more than 30 novel IBD susceptible loci have been found, while several promising associations between IBD and gene variants have also been identified and replicated effectively. The present review highlights recent insights regarding linkage analysis and genome-wide association presented in studies of IBD susceptible genes, which provide additional evidence supporting their involvement in disease pathogenesis, based on linking to innate immune systems as a result of interactions with intestinal microbial flora. An improved understanding of IBD genetics will promote the identification of novel therapeutic agents, making it possible to identify environmental factors related to intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunji Ishihara
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, Japan.
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Takada Y, Ray N, Ikeda E, Kawaguchi T, Kuwahara M, Wagner EF, Matsuo K. Fos proteins suppress dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis through inhibition of NF-kappaB. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2009; 184:1014-21. [PMID: 20018614 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0901196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Fos family proteins, c-Fos and Fra-1, are components of the dimeric transcription factor AP-1, which is typically composed of Fos and Jun family proteins. We have previously shown that mice lacking c-Fos (Fos(-/-) mice) respond more strongly to LPS injection than do wild-type (wt) controls. We then examined the sensitivity of Fos(-/-) mice to acute inflammatory stress in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model. We found that Fos(-/-) mice exhibited more severe weight loss, bleeding, diarrhea, and colon shortening than did wt mice, in association with higher TNF-alpha production and NF-kappaB activity in colon segments of DSS-treated Fos(-/-) mice. Furthermore, NF-kappaB inhibition suppressed severe DSS-induced colitis in Fos(-/-) mice. In contrast, Fra-1 transgenic (Tg) mice responded poorly to LPS injection, and Fra-1-overexpressing macrophages and fibroblasts showed reduced production of proinflammatory cytokines, NO, and NF-kappaB activity. Remarkably, in the DSS-induced colitis model, Fra-1 Tg mice showed less severe clinical scores of colitis than did wt mice. Consistently, proinflammatory cytokine production and NF-kappaB activity in colon segments of DSS-treated Fra-1 Tg mice were lower than in wt controls. These findings reveal that the absence of c-Fos and overexpression of Fra-1 respectively enhance and suppress the activation of NF-kappaB in DSS-induced inflammatory stress. In this paper, we propose that AP-1 transcription factors containing c-Fos or Fra-1 are negative regulators of NF-kappaB-mediated stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunari Takada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 occurs in many human tumors. Moreover, studies utilizing genetic and pharmacological approaches to modulate constitutive STAT3 activity have provided compelling evidence for the critical role of aberrant STAT3 activity in malignant transformation and tumor progression, and thereby validated STAT3 as a novel cancer drug target. OBJECTIVE This review is intended to be a full coverage of the efforts to develop direct STAT3 inhibitors and will provide a discussion on the inhibitory modalities developed to date. METHODS Review of the literature focused on the modalities and mechanisms that directly target and inhibit the STAT protein or its functions. RESULTS/CONCLUSION While a variety of STAT3 inhibitors have been identified that induce antitumor cell effects in vitro and in vivo, the landscape remains murky. With a few exceptions, most of the STAT3 inhibitors reported to date have not undergone an in vivo efficacy, pharmacology or toxicity testing. Also, there is no evidence, per the published literature of an impending clinical development for the few agents that were reported to exhibit in vivo efficacy. Overall, there is the need for a reassessment of the ongoing strategies to target STAT3 intended not only for refinement, but also for incorporating some new technologies to strengthen our efforts and ensure the success - sooner, rather than later - of identifying suitable anti-STAT3 agents for development into clinically useful anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peibin Yue
- University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, Biomolecular Science Center, Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, 12722 Research Parkway, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
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Aziz MM, Ishihara S, Mishima Y, Oshima N, Moriyama I, Yuki T, Kadowaki Y, Rumi MAK, Amano Y, Kinoshita Y. MFG-E8 Attenuates Intestinal Inflammation in Murine Experimental Colitis by Modulating Osteopontin-Dependent αvβ3 Integrin Signaling. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2009; 182:7222-32. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0803711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Kim HS, Kundu JK, Lee JS, Oh TY, Na HK, Surh YJ. Chemopreventive effects of the standardized extract (DA-9601) of Artemisia asiatica on azoxymethane-initiated and dextran sulfate sodium-promoted mouse colon carcinogenesis. Nutr Cancer 2009; 60 Suppl 1:90-7. [PMID: 19003585 DOI: 10.1080/01635580802404170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) administration has been reported to cause inflammation in mouse colonic mucosa, which promotes colon carcinogenesis. When male ICR mice were treated with a single intraperitoneal dose (10 mg/kg body weight) of azoxymethane (AOM) followed by 2.5% DSS in drinking water for 7 consecutive days, all developed tumors at the 16th wk, mostly in the distal colon. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were markedly upregulated in the AOM-initiated and DSS-promoted colon tumors. The DNA binding activity of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappa B) was also elevated in the colon tumors. In this study, we examined the chemopreventive effects of the standardized extract (DA-9601) of Artemisia asiatica that has been used in the traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of inflammatory disorders. Mice fed the chow diet containing 10% DA-9601 for 15 wk following DSS treatment displayed the significantly lower multiplicity of colon tumors. DA-9601 treatment suppressed the expression of COX-2 and iNOS as well as NF-kappa B DNA binding in the colonic tissues. It also downregulated the phosphorylation of extracellular, signal-regulated protein kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase that are upstream of NF-kappa B. Furthermore, DA-9601 reduced expression of beta-catenin in colonic mucosa of mice challenged with AOM plus DSS.
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Molecular decoys: antidotes, therapeutics and immunomodulators. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2008; 19:644-51. [PMID: 18977299 PMCID: PMC7127390 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2008.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2008] [Revised: 09/17/2008] [Accepted: 10/03/2008] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Receptor–ligand interactions are fundamental to the regulation of cell physiology, enabling the communication between cells and their environment via signal transduction. Receptors are also exploited by toxins and infectious agents to mediate pathogenesis. Over the past 20 years, however, this bi-partite paradigm for cellular regulation, that is, receptors and their ligands, has been revised to include an unforeseen participant namely, soluble receptors or molecular decoys. Decoys function as nature's modifiers of potent responses such as inflammation, stimulation of cell proliferation and triggering apoptosis. Decoys not only provide the means to fine tune the regulation of these phenomena; they also serve as potential leads for the development of recombinant anti-toxins, anti-viral agents and novel therapeutics for combating cancer and inflammatory disease.
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