1
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Lee PK, Co VA, Yang Y, Wan MLY, El-Nezami H, Zhao D. Bioavailability and interactions of schisandrin B with 5-fluorouracil in a xenograft mouse model of colorectal cancer. Food Chem 2024; 463:141371. [PMID: 39332376 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
Schisandrin B (Sch B) is a predominant bioactive lignan from the fruit of a Chinese medicine food homology plant, Schisandra chinensis. Previously, we observed potent anti-tumor effect of Sch-B in colorectal cancer (CRC) and enhanced chemotherapy efficacy with fluorouracil (5-FU). However, their bioavailability and reciprocal interactions under CRC conditions are unclear. In this study, we first compared the bioavailability, metabolism and tissue distribution of Sch-B between non-tumor-bearing and xenograft CRC tumor-bearing mice. Next, we examined SchB-5-FU interactions via investigating alterations in drug metabolism and multidrug resistance. Using a validated targeted metabolomics approach, five active metabolites, including Sch-B and fluorodeoxyuridine triphosphate, were found tumor-accumulative. Co-treatment resulted in higher levels of Sch-B and 5-FU metabolites, showing improved phytochemical and drug bioavailability. Multidrug resistance gene (MDR1) was significantly downregulated upon co-treatment. Overall, we demonstrated the potential of Sch-B to serve as a promising chemotherapy adjuvant via improving drug bioavailability and metabolism, and attenuating MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pui-Kei Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China; Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China; Research Center for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
| | - Vanessa Anna Co
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China; Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, and Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China; Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
| | - Murphy Lam Yim Wan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2DT, United Kingdom; Division of Microbiology, Immunology and Glycobiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund 221 84, Sweden.
| | - Hani El-Nezami
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China; Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland.
| | - Danyue Zhao
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China; Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China; Research Center for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
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2
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Caligiuri A, Becatti M, Porro N, Borghi S, Marra F, Pastore M, Taddei N, Fiorillo C, Gentilini A. Oxidative Stress and Redox-Dependent Pathways in Cholangiocarcinoma. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 13:28. [PMID: 38247453 PMCID: PMC10812651 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a primary liver tumor that accounts for 2% of all cancer-related deaths worldwide yearly. It can arise from cholangiocytes of biliary tracts, peribiliary glands, and possibly from progenitor cells or even hepatocytes. CCA is characterized by high chemoresistance, aggressiveness, and poor prognosis. Potentially curative surgical therapy is restricted to a small number of patients with early-stage disease (up to 35%). Accumulating evidence indicates that CCA is an oxidative stress-driven carcinoma resulting from chronic inflammation. Oxidative stress, due to enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and/or decreased antioxidants, has been recently suggested as a key factor in cholangiocyte oncogenesis through gene expression alterations and molecular damage. However, due to different experimental models and conditions, contradictory results regarding oxidative stress in cholangiocarcinoma have been reported. The role of ROS and antioxidants in cancer is controversial due to their context-dependent ability to stimulate tumorigenesis and support cancer cell proliferation or promote cell death. On these bases, the present narrative review is focused on illustrating the role of oxidative stress in cholangiocarcinoma and the main ROS-driven intracellular pathways. Heterogeneous data about antioxidant effects on cancer development are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Caligiuri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (A.C.); (F.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Matteo Becatti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.B.); (N.P.); (S.B.); (N.T.)
| | - Nunzia Porro
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.B.); (N.P.); (S.B.); (N.T.)
| | - Serena Borghi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.B.); (N.P.); (S.B.); (N.T.)
| | - Fabio Marra
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (A.C.); (F.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Mirella Pastore
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (A.C.); (F.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Niccolò Taddei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.B.); (N.P.); (S.B.); (N.T.)
| | - Claudia Fiorillo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.B.); (N.P.); (S.B.); (N.T.)
| | - Alessandra Gentilini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (A.C.); (F.M.); (M.P.)
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3
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Cotino-Nájera S, Herrera LA, Domínguez-Gómez G, Díaz-Chávez J. Molecular mechanisms of resveratrol as chemo and radiosensitizer in cancer. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1287505. [PMID: 38026933 PMCID: PMC10667487 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1287505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the primary diseases that cause death worldwide is cancer. Cancer cells can be intrinsically resistant or acquire resistance to therapies and drugs used for cancer treatment through multiple mechanisms of action that favor cell survival and proliferation, becoming one of the leading causes of treatment failure against cancer. A promising strategy to overcome chemoresistance and radioresistance is the co-administration of anticancer agents and natural compounds with anticancer properties, such as the polyphenolic compound resveratrol (RSV). RSV has been reported to be able to sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents and radiotherapy, promoting cancer cell death. This review describes the reported molecular mechanisms by which RSV sensitizes tumor cells to radiotherapy and chemotherapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Cotino-Nájera
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Luis A. Herrera
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud-Tecnológico de Monterrey, México City, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Domínguez-Gómez
- Subdirección de Investigación Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCAN), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - José Díaz-Chávez
- Unidad de Investigación en Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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4
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Ceci L, Han Y, Krutsinger K, Baiocchi L, Wu N, Kundu D, Kyritsi K, Zhou T, Gaudio E, Francis H, Alpini G, Kennedy L. Gallstone and Gallbladder Disease: Biliary Tract and Cholangiopathies. Compr Physiol 2023; 13:4909-4943. [PMID: 37358507 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c220028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Cholestatic liver diseases are named primarily due to the blockage of bile flow and buildup of bile acids in the liver. Cholestasis can occur in cholangiopathies, fatty liver diseases, and during COVID-19 infection. Most literature evaluates damage occurring to the intrahepatic biliary tree during cholestasis; however, there may be associations between liver damage and gallbladder damage. Gallbladder damage can manifest as acute or chronic inflammation, perforation, polyps, cancer, and most commonly gallstones. Considering the gallbladder is an extension of the intrahepatic biliary network, and both tissues are lined by biliary epithelial cells that share common mechanisms and properties, it is worth further evaluation to understand the association between bile duct and gallbladder damage. In this comprehensive article, we discuss background information of the biliary tree and gallbladder, from function, damage, and therapeutic approaches. We then discuss published findings that identify gallbladder disorders in various liver diseases. Lastly, we provide the clinical aspect of gallbladder disorders in liver diseases and ways to enhance diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for congruent diagnosis. © 2023 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 13:4909-4943, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Ceci
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Yuyan Han
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, Colorado, USA
| | - Kelsey Krutsinger
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Nan Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Debjyoti Kundu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Konstantina Kyritsi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Tianhao Zhou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Heather Francis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Research, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Gianfranco Alpini
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Research, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Lindsey Kennedy
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Research, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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5
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Na-Bangchang K, Plengsuriyakarn T, Karbwang J. The Role of Herbal Medicine in Cholangiocarcinoma Control: A Systematic Review. PLANTA MEDICA 2023; 89:3-18. [PMID: 35468650 DOI: 10.1055/a-1676-9678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The growing incidence of cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct cancer) and limited treatment options stimulate a pressing demand for research and the development of new chemotherapeutics against cholangiocarcinoma. This study aimed to systematically review herbs and herb-derived compounds or herbal formulations that have been investigated for their anti-cholangiocarcinoma potential. Systematic literature searches were conducted in three electronic databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. One hundred and twenty-three research articles fulfilled the eligibility critera and were included in the analysis (68 herbs, isolated compounds and/or synthetic analogs, 9 herbal formulations, and 119 compounds that are commonly found in several plant species). The most investigated herbs were Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. (Compositae) and Curcuma longa L. (Zingiberaceae). Only A. lancea (Thunb.) DC. (Compositae) has undergone the full process of nonclinical and clinical development to deliver the final product for clinical use. The extracts of A. lancea (Thunb.) DC. (Compositae), Garcinia hanburyi Hook.f. (Clusiaceae), and Piper nigrum L. (Piperaceae) exhibit antiproliferative activities against human cholangiocarcinoma cells (IC50 < 15 µg/mL). Cucurbitacin B and triptolide are herbal isolated compounds that exhibit the most promising activities (IC50 < 1 µM). A series of experimental studies (in vitro, in vivo, and humans) confirmed the anti-cholangiocarcinoma potential and safety profile of A. lancea (Thunb.) DC. (Compositae) and its active compounds atractylodin and β-eudesmol, including the capsule pharmaceutical of the standardized A. lancea (Thunb.) DC. (Compositae) extract. Future research should be focused on the full development of the candidate herbs to deliver products that are safe and effective for cholangiocarcinoma control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kesara Na-Bangchang
- Center of Excellence in Pharmacology and Molecular Biology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Klongneung, Klongluang District, Pathumthani, Thailand
- Drug Discovery and Development Center, Office of Advanced Science and Technology, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Klongneung, Klongluang District, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Tullayakorn Plengsuriyakarn
- Center of Excellence in Pharmacology and Molecular Biology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Klongneung, Klongluang District, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Juntra Karbwang
- Drug Discovery and Development Center, Office of Advanced Science and Technology, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Klongneung, Klongluang District, Pathumthani, Thailand
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6
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Roshani M, Jafari A, Loghman A, Sheida AH, Taghavi T, Tamehri Zadeh SS, Hamblin MR, Homayounfal M, Mirzaei H. Applications of resveratrol in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113274. [PMID: 35724505 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural product compounds have lately attracted interest in the scientific community as a possible treatment for gastrointestinal (GI) cancer, due to their anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. There are many preclinical, clinical, and epidemiological studies, suggesting that the consumption of polyphenol compounds, which are abundant in vegetables, grains, fruits, and pulses, may help to prevent various illnesses and disorders from developing, including several GI cancers. The development of GI malignancies follows a well-known path, in which normal gastrointestinal cells acquire abnormalities in their genetic composition, causing the cells to continuously proliferate, and metastasize to other sites, especially the brain and liver. Natural compounds with the ability to affect oncogenic pathways might be possible treatments for GI malignancies, and could easily be tested in clinical trials. Resveratrol is a non-flavonoid polyphenol and a natural stilbene, acting as a phytoestrogen with anti-cancer, cardioprotective, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Resveratrol has been shown to overcome resistance mechanisms in cancer cells, and when combined with conventional anticancer drugs, could sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy. Several new resveratrol analogs and nanostructured delivery vehicles with improved anti-GI cancer efficacy, absorption, and pharmacokinetic profiles have already been developed. This present review focuses on the in vitro and in vivo effects of resveratrol on GI cancers, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Roshani
- Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ameneh Jafari
- Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amir Hossein Sheida
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | | | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Mina Homayounfal
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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7
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Loilome W, Dokduang H, Suksawat M, Padthaisong S. Therapeutic challenges at the preclinical level for targeted drug development for Opisthorchis viverrini-associated cholangiocarcinoma. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2021; 30:985-1006. [PMID: 34292795 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2021.1955102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignant tumor of bile duct epithelium with the highest incidence found in Thailand. Some patients are considered suitable for adjuvant therapy and surgical resection is currently the curative treatment for CCA patients. Tumor recurrence is still a hurdle after treatment; hence, finding novel therapeutic strategies to combat CCA is necessary for improving outcome for patients. AREAS COVERED We discuss targeted therapies and other novel treatment approaches which include protein kinase inhibitors, natural products, amino acid transporter-based inhibitors, immunotherapy, and drug repurposing. We also examine the challenges of tumor heterogeneity, cancer stem cells (CSCs), the tumor microenvironment, exosomes, multiomics studies, and the potential of precision medicine. EXPERT OPINION Because CCA is difficult to diagnose at the early stage, the traditional treatment approaches are not effective for many patients and most tumors recur. Consequently, researchers are exploring multi-aspect molecular carcinogenesis to uncover molecular targets for further development of novel targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Watcharin Loilome
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Hasaya Dokduang
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Manida Suksawat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sureerat Padthaisong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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8
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Hou C, Lu L, Liu Z, Lian Y, Xiao J. Resveratrol reduces drug resistance of SCLC cells by suppressing the inflammatory microenvironment and the STAT3/VEGF pathway. FEBS Open Bio 2021. [PMID: 34129726 PMCID: PMC8329954 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA‐damaging agents, such as doxorubicin (Adriamycin), are widely used for the treatment of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). However, drug resistance is one of the major challenges for treatment of SCLC. Herein, we investigated the mechanisms underlying drug resistance in SCLC cells and the effects of resveratrol (Res) on drug resistance. We report that Adriamycin treatment of H69AR (multidrug resistance phenotype) cells resulted in a lower rate of growth inhibition, up‐regulation of MRP1 and P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp), and higher P‐gp activity as compared with susceptible H69 cells treated with Adriamycin. Moreover, the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3/vascular endothelial growth factor (STAT3/VEGF) pathway was overactivated in H69AR cells, especially after interleukin‐23 treatment. The inflammatory microenvironment promoted the drug resistance of H69AR cells by activating the STAT3/VEGF pathway. The addition of Res suppressed the expression levels of inflammatory mediators, inhibited the STAT3/VEGF pathway, impeded P‐gp activity, and decreased the drug resistance of H69AR cells. H69AR cells exhibited Adriamycin resistance through activation of the STAT3/VEGF pathway, and Res ameliorated the inflammatory microenvironment to suppress the STAT3/VEGF pathway to reduce drug resistance. Our results suggest that Res may have therapeutic potential for SCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Hou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zoucheng People's Hospital, Jining City, China
| | - Lijun Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Caoxian People's Hospital, Heze City, China
| | - Zhanye Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Caoxian People's Hospital, Heze City, China
| | - Yingjie Lian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Caoxian People's Hospital, Heze City, China
| | - Jianguang Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Laizhou People's Hospital, Laizhou City, China
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9
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Torrens-Mas M, Roca P. Phytoestrogens for Cancer Prevention and Treatment. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:E427. [PMID: 33261116 PMCID: PMC7759898 DOI: 10.3390/biology9120427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Phytoestrogens are a large group of natural compounds found in more than 300 plants. They have a close structural similarity to estrogens, which allow them to bind to both estrogen receptors (ER), ERα and ERβ, presenting a weak estrogenic activity. Phytoestrogens have been described as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, anti-allergic, and anti-tumoral agents. Their role in cancer prevention has been well documented, although their impact on treatment efficiency is controversial. Several reports suggest that phytoestrogens may interfere with the effect of anti-cancer drugs through the regulation of oxidative stress and other mechanisms. Furthermore, some phytoestrogens could exert a protective effect on healthy cells, thus reducing the secondary effects of cancer treatment. In this review, we have studied the recent research in this area to find evidence for the role of phytoestrogens in cancer prevention and therapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margalida Torrens-Mas
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears, 07010 Palma, Spain
| | - Pilar Roca
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears, 07010 Palma, Spain
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03), Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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10
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Massa A, Varamo C, Vita F, Tavolari S, Peraldo-Neia C, Brandi G, Rizzo A, Cavalloni G, Aglietta M. Evolution of the Experimental Models of Cholangiocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082308. [PMID: 32824407 PMCID: PMC7463907 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare, aggressive disease with poor overall survival. In advanced cases, surgery is often not possible or fails; in addition, there is a lack of effective and specific therapies. Multidisciplinary approaches and advanced technologies have improved the knowledge of CCA molecular pathogenesis, highlighting its extreme heterogeneity and high frequency of genetic and molecular aberrations. Effective preclinical models, therefore, should be based on a comparable level of complexity. In the past years, there has been a consistent increase in the number of available CCA models. The exploitation of even more complex CCA models is rising. Examples are the use of CRISPR/Cas9 or stabilized organoids for in vitro studies, as well as patient-derived xenografts or transgenic mouse models for in vivo applications. Here, we examine the available preclinical CCA models exploited to investigate: (i) carcinogenesis processes from initiation to progression; and (ii) tools for personalized therapy and innovative therapeutic approaches, including chemotherapy and immune/targeted therapies. For each model, we describe the potential applications, highlighting both its advantages and limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Massa
- Division of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, 10060 Torino, Italy; (A.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Chiara Varamo
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (C.V.); (F.V.)
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, B3000 KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Francesca Vita
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (C.V.); (F.V.)
| | - Simona Tavolari
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | | | - Giovanni Brandi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (G.B.); (A.R.)
| | - Alessandro Rizzo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (G.B.); (A.R.)
| | - Giuliana Cavalloni
- Division of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, 10060 Torino, Italy; (A.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Massimo Aglietta
- Division of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, 10060 Torino, Italy; (A.M.); (G.C.)
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (C.V.); (F.V.)
- Correspondence:
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11
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Uzawa K, Amelio AL, Kasamatsu A, Saito T, Kita A, Fukamachi M, Sawai Y, Toeda Y, Eizuka K, Hayashi F, Kato-Kase I, Sunohara M, Iyoda M, Koike K, Nakashima D, Ogawara K, Endo-Sakamoto Y, Shiiba M, Takiguchi Y, Yamauchi M, Tanzawa H. Resveratrol Targets Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor Expression to Overcome Cetuximab-Resistance in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12179. [PMID: 31434965 PMCID: PMC6704133 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48717-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance to anti-cancer agents is a major concern regarding the successful treatment of malignant tumors. Recent studies have suggested that acquired resistance to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapies such as cetuximab are in part caused by genetic alterations in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, the molecular mechanisms employed by other complementary pathways that govern resistance remain unclear. In the current study, we performed gene expression profiling combined with extensive molecular validation to explore alternative mechanisms driving cetuximab-resistance in OSCC cells. Among the genes identified, we discovered that a urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR)/integrin β1/Src/FAK signal circuit converges to regulate ERK1/2 phosphorylation and this pathway drives cetuximab-resistance in the absence of EGFR overexpression or acquired EGFR activating mutations. Notably, the polyphenolic phytoalexin resveratrol, inhibited uPAR expression and consequently the signaling molecules ERK1/2 downstream of EGFR thus revealing additive effects on promoting OSCC cetuximab-sensitivity in vitro and in vivo. The current findings indicate that uPAR expression plays a critical role in acquired cetuximab resistance of OSCC and that combination therapy with resveratrol may provide an attractive means for treating these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiro Uzawa
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan. .,Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.
| | - Antonio L Amelio
- Division of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, UNC Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7455, USA. .,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7455, USA. .,Biomedical Research Imaging Center, UNC School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7455, USA.
| | - Atsushi Kasamatsu
- Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Saito
- Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kita
- Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Megumi Fukamachi
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yuki Sawai
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yuriko Toeda
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Keitaro Eizuka
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Hayashi
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Ikuko Kato-Kase
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Masataka Sunohara
- Department of Anatomy, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan
| | - Manabu Iyoda
- Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Koike
- Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Dai Nakashima
- Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Katsunori Ogawara
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yosuke Endo-Sakamoto
- Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Masashi Shiiba
- Department of Medical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yuichi Takiguchi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Yamauchi
- Division of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, UNC Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7455, USA
| | - Hideki Tanzawa
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.,Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
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Loeuillard E, Fischbach SR, Gores GJ, Ilyas SI. Animal models of cholangiocarcinoma. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:982-992. [PMID: 29627364 PMCID: PMC6177316 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive biliary tract malignancy with a poor overall prognosis. There is a critical need to develop effective targeted therapies for the treatment of this lethal disease. In an effort to address this challenge, preclinical in vivo studies have become paramount in understanding CCA carcinogenesis, progression, and therapy. Various CCA animal models exist including carcinogen-based models in which animals develop CCA after exposure to a carcinogen, genetically engineered mouse models in which genetic changes are induced in mice leading to CCA, murine syngeneic orthotopic models, as well as xenograft tumors derived from xenotransplantation of CCA cells, organoids, and patient-derived tissue. Each type has distinct advantages as well as shortcomings. In the ideal animal model of CCA, the tumor arises from the biliary tract in an immunocompetent host with a species-matched tumor microenvironment. Such a model would also be time-efficient, recapitulate the genetic and histopathological features of human CCA, and predict therapeutic response in humans. Recently developed biliary tract transduction and orthotopic syngeneic transplant mouse models encompass several of these elements. Herein, we review the different animal models of CCA, their advantages and deficiencies, as well as features which mimic human CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilien Loeuillard
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Samantha R Fischbach
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Gregory J Gores
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Sumera I Ilyas
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
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Resveratrol Enhances Apoptotic and Oxidant Effects of Paclitaxel through TRPM2 Channel Activation in DBTRG Glioblastoma Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4619865. [PMID: 30984336 PMCID: PMC6431513 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4619865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have reported a strong association between increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the pathobiology of several diseases, and cancer in particular. Therefore, manipulation of cellular oxidative stress levels represents an important therapeutic target. Recently, resveratrol (RESV), a naturally occurring phytochemical, has been shown to sensitize several cell lines to the anticancer effects of other chemotherapeutic agents, including paclitaxel (PAX). However, the molecular mechanisms of action of RESV through oxidative sensitive TRPM2 channel activation remain unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of combination therapy of RESV and PAX on activation of TRPM2 in DBTRG glioblastoma cells. DBTRG cells were divided into four treatment groups: control, RESV (50 μM), PAX (50 μM), and PAX + RESV for 24 hours. Our data shows that markers for apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane depolarization and mitochondrial function, intracellular steady-state ROS levels, caspase 3 activity, TRPM2 current density, and Ca2+ florescence intensity were significantly increased in DBTRG cells following treatment with PAX and RESV, respectively, although cell viability was also decreased by these treatments. These biochemical markers were further increased to favor the anticancer effects of PAX in DBTRG cells in combination with RESV. The PAX and RESV-mediated increase in current density and Ca2+ florescence intensity was decreased with a TRPM2 blocker. This suggests that for this combination therapy to have a substantial effect on apoptosis and cell viability, the TRPM2 channel must be stimulated.
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Animal models of cholangiocarcinoma: What they teach us about the human disease. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2018; 42:403-415. [PMID: 29753731 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite recent advances, pathogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma, a highly lethal cancer, remains enigmatic. Furthermore, treatment options are still limited and often disappointing. For this reason, in the last few years there has been a mounting interest towards the generation of experimental models able to reproduce the main features associated with this aggressive behavior. Toxic and infestation-induced, genetically engineered and cell implantation rodent models have been generated, contributing to a deeper understanding of the complex cell biology of the tumor, sustained by multiple cell interactions and driven by a huge variety of molecular perturbations. Herein, we will overview the most relevant animal models of biliary carcinogenesis, highlighting the methodological strategy, the molecular, histological and clinical phenotypes consistent with the human condition, their particular strengths and weaknesses and the novel therapeutic approaches that have been developed.
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Li W, Shi Y, Wang R, Pan L, Ma L, Jin F. Resveratrol promotes the sensitivity of small-cell lung cancer H446 cells to cisplatin by regulating intrinsic apoptosis. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:2123-2130. [PMID: 30132509 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of resveratrol on small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell proliferation and apoptosis. The results demonstrated that resveratrol concentration- and time-dependently reduced H446 cell viability. In addition, cells treated with resveratrol displayed higher apoptotic rates, in association with mitochondrial depolarization, cytochrome c release from the mitochondrial compartment to the cytoplasm, apoptosis-inducing factor translocation from the mitochondrial compartment to the nucleus, and altered protein levels of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Bax. Furthermore, resveratrol promoted H446 cell inhibition by cisplatin, as reflected by reduced viability and increased apoptosis. These findings suggest that resveratrol exerts antitumor effects on SCLC H446 cells and promotes H446 cell killing by cisplatin via modulation of intrinsic apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangping Li
- Department of Respiration, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Yun Shi
- Department of Respiration, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Ruixuan Wang
- Department of Respiration, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Lei Pan
- Department of Respiration, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Lijie Ma
- Department of Respiration, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Faguang Jin
- Department of Respiration, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
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Roncoroni L, Elli L, Braidotti P, Tosi D, Vaira V, Tacchini L, Lombardo V, Branchi F, Scricciolo A, Doneda L. Transglutaminase 2 Mediates the Cytotoxicity of Resveratrol in a Human Cholangiocarcinoma and Gallbladder Cancer Cell Lines. Nutr Cancer 2018; 70:761-769. [PMID: 29757003 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1470648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol is a polyphenolic compound extracted from plants and is also a constituent of red wine. Our aim was to evaluate if the cytotoxic effect of resveratrol (RES) on cholangiocarcinoma (CC) and gallbladder cancer (GBC) cell lines could be abolished by TG2 inhibition. Human CC and GBC cell lines (SK-ChA-1 and MZ-ChA-1), grown in a three-dimensional cell culture system (MCTS, multicellular tumor spheroids), were treated for 72 h with RES (32, 64 µM) alone or combined with different TG2 inhibitors (Cystamine, B003, T101). We investigated: cells viability; cell morphology with light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM); immunoreactivity with immunohistochemistry; Q-Banding karyotype analysis; TG2 activity; Western blotting. RES treatment induced a significant inhibition of cell growth, ranging from 24% to 76% in both cell lines. The inhibitors successfully reduced TG2 activity without any variation of protein quantity as demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. TG2 inhibition resulted in cell growth normalization. In addition, morphologic analysis by light and transmission electron microscopy confirmed the cytotoxic effect of RES and its reduction consequent to TG2 inhibition. Our data demonstrated a connection between the cytotoxic effect of RES in SK-ChA-1 and MZ-ChA-1 and TG2 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leda Roncoroni
- a Center for the Diagnosis and Prevention of Celiac Disease, Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milan , Italy.,b Department of Biomedical , Surgical and Odontoiatric Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy.,e Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation , Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy
| | - Luca Elli
- a Center for the Diagnosis and Prevention of Celiac Disease, Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milan , Italy
| | - Paola Braidotti
- c Pathology Unit, Ospedale San Paolo, Università Degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy
| | - Delfina Tosi
- c Pathology Unit, Ospedale San Paolo, Università Degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy
| | - Valentina Vaira
- f Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milan , Italy
| | - Lorenza Tacchini
- d Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences , Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy
| | - Vincenza Lombardo
- a Center for the Diagnosis and Prevention of Celiac Disease, Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milan , Italy
| | - Federica Branchi
- a Center for the Diagnosis and Prevention of Celiac Disease, Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milan , Italy
| | - Alice Scricciolo
- a Center for the Diagnosis and Prevention of Celiac Disease, Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milan , Italy
| | - Luisa Doneda
- b Department of Biomedical , Surgical and Odontoiatric Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy
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South Asian Medicinal Compounds as Modulators of Resistance to Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2016; 8:cancers8030032. [PMID: 26959063 PMCID: PMC4810116 DOI: 10.3390/cancers8030032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a hyperproliferative disorder that involves transformation, dysregulation of apoptosis, proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis. During the last 30 years, extensive research has revealed much about the biology of cancer. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the mainstays of cancer treatment, particularly for patients who do not respond to surgical resection. However, cancer treatment with drugs or radiation is seriously limited by chemoresistance and radioresistance. Various approaches and strategies are employed to overcome resistance to chemotherapy and radiation treatment. Many plant-derived phytochemicals have been investigated for their chemo- and radio-sensitizing properties. The peoples of South Asian countries such as India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh and Bhutan have a large number of medicinal plants from which they produce various pharmacologically potent secondary metabolites. The medicinal properties of these compounds have been extensively investigated and many of them have been found to sensitize cancer cells to chemo- and radio-therapy. This review focuses on the role of South Asian medicinal compounds in chemo- and radio-sensitizing properties in drug- and radio-resistant cancer cells. Also discussed is the role of South Asian medicinal plants in protecting normal cells from radiation, which may be useful during radiotherapy of tumors to spare surrounding normal cells.
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MA LIJIE, LI WANGPING, WANG RUIXUAN, NAN YANDONG, WANG QINGWEI, LIU WEI, JIN FAGUANG. Resveratrol enhanced anticancer effects of cisplatin on non-small cell lung cancer cell lines by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and cell apoptosis. Int J Oncol 2015; 47:1460-8. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Korobkova EA. Effect of Natural Polyphenols on CYP Metabolism: Implications for Diseases. Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 28:1359-90. [PMID: 26042469 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) are a large group of hemeproteins located on mitochondrial membranes or the endoplasmic reticulum. They play a crucial role in the metabolism of endogenous and exogenous molecules. The activity of CYP is associated with a number of factors including redox potential, protein conformation, the accessibility of the active site by substrates, and others. This activity may be potentially modulated by a variety of small molecules. Extensive experimental data collected over the past decade point at the active role of natural polyphenols in modulating the catalytic activity of CYP. Polyphenols are widespread micronutrients present in human diets of plant origin and in medicinal herbs. These compounds may alter the activity of CYP either via direct interactions with the enzymes or by affecting CYP gene expression. The polyphenol-CYP interactions may significantly alter the pharmacokinetics of drugs and thus influence the effectiveness of chemical therapies used in the treatment of different types of cancers, diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). CYPs are involved in the oxidation and activation of external carcinogenic agents, in which case the inhibition of the CYP activity is beneficial for health. CYPs also support detoxification processes. In this case, it is the upregulation of CYP genes that would be favorable for the organism. A CYP enzyme aromatase catalyzes the formation of estrone and estradiol from their precursors. CYPs also catalyze multiple reactions leading to the oxidation of estrogen. Estrogen signaling and oxidative metabolism of estrogen are associated with the development of cancer. Thus, polyphenol-mediated modulation of the CYP's activity also plays a vital role in estrogen carcinogenesis. The aim of the present review is to summarize the data collected over the last five to six years on the following topics: (1) the mechanisms of the interactions of CYP with food constituents that occur via the direct binding of polyphenols to the enzymes and (2) the mechanisms of the regulation of CYP gene expression mediated by polyphenols. The structure-activity relationship relevant to the ability of polyphenols to affect the activity of CYP is analyzed. The application of polyphenol-CYP interactions to diseases is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A Korobkova
- John Jay College of Criminal Justice, The Department of Sciences, City University of New York, 524 W 59th Street, New York, New York 10019, United States
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Lee SH, Koo BS, Park SY, Kim YM. Anti-angiogenic effects of resveratrol in combination with 5-fluorouracil on B16 murine melanoma cells. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:2777-83. [PMID: 25936796 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) has been used as a chemotherapeutic drug for various types of cancer, although the development of resistance remains a major limitation for its use in clinical settings. In the present study, the anti-angiogenic effects of resveratrol and 5-FU either alone or in combination were examined in a B16 murine melanoma model. Co-treatment using resveratrol and 5-FU inhibited cell proliferation more efficiently compared with use of either drug alone and the antiproliferative effect coincided with changes in the expression levels of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), cyclooxygenase-2, vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Furthermore, co-treatment with resveratrol and 5-FU reduced tumor growth compared with that in the control group and this growth-inhibitory effect was associated with changes in the expression levels of AMPK, VASP and VEGF. Immunohistochemical staining for angiogenesis demonstrated that co-treatment with resveratrol and 5-FU reduced the number of microvascular vessels compared with that in the control group. These results suggested that co-treatment with resveratrol and 5-FU suppressed cell growth and angiogenesis in B16 murine melanoma tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol Hwa Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Nanotechnology, Hannam University, Yusung‑gu, Daejeon 305‑811, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Seong Koo
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Nanotechnology, Hannam University, Yusung‑gu, Daejeon 305‑811, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Yi Park
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Nanotechnology, Hannam University, Yusung‑gu, Daejeon 305‑811, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Nanotechnology, Hannam University, Yusung‑gu, Daejeon 305‑811, Republic of Korea
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Kaminski BM, Weigert A, Scherzberg MC, Ley S, Gilbert B, Brecht K, Brüne B, Steinhilber D, Stein J, Ulrich-Rückert S. Resveratrol-induced potentiation of the antitumor effects of oxaliplatin is accompanied by an altered cytokine profile of human monocyte-derived macrophages. Apoptosis 2015; 19:1136-47. [PMID: 24715262 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-014-0988-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate, whether the naturally occurring polyphenol resveratrol (Res) enhances the anti-tumor activities of the chemotherapeutic agent oxaliplatin (Ox) in a cell culture model of colorectal cancer, also with regard to a possible inflammatory response and cytotoxic side-effects. Res and Ox in combination synergistically inhibit cell growth of Caco-2 cells, which seems to be due to the induction of different modes of cell death and further leads to an altered cytokine profile of cocultured macrophages. Moreover, combinatorial treatment does not affect non-transformed cells as severe cytotoxicity is not detected in human foreskin fibroblasts and platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina M Kaminski
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Biozentrum, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Aldawsari FS, Velázquez-Martínez CA. 3,4',5-trans-Trimethoxystilbene; a natural analogue of resveratrol with enhanced anticancer potency. Invest New Drugs 2015; 33:775-86. [PMID: 25720605 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-015-0222-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol is a phytoalexin produced by many plant species as a defence mechanism. Over the last decade, this polyphenol has been reported to be active against multiple targets associated with chronic disorders. However, its poor pharmacokinetic profile, as well as multiple discrepancies related to its in vitro and in vivo profile, has resulted not only on the study of suitable delivery systems, but the use of resveratrol derivatives. In this regard, the 3,4',5-trans-trimethoxystilbene (TMS), a natural analogue of resveratrol, has emerged as a strong candidate. TMS has an enhanced anticancer profile compared to resveratrol, exhibiting higher potency than resveratrol, as shown by multiple reports describing an improved cancer cell proliferation inhibition, induction of cell cycle arrest, decreased metastasis, reduced angiogenesis, and increased apoptosis. In this review, we provide a concise summary of results reported in the literature, related to the similarities and differences between resveratrol and TMS, and we submit to the scientific community that TMS is a promising and (still) understudied natural agent candidate, with potential applications in cancer research. Nevertheless, based on the available evidence, we also submit to the scientific community that TMS may also find a niche in any other research area in which resveratrol has been used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad S Aldawsari
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada,
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Recapitulating physiological and pathological shear stress and oxygen to model vasculature in health and disease. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4951. [PMID: 24818558 PMCID: PMC4018609 DOI: 10.1038/srep04951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying human vascular disease in conventional cell cultures and in animal models does not effectively mimic the complex vascular microenvironment and may not accurately predict vascular responses in humans. We utilized a microfluidic device to recapitulate both shear stress and O2 levels in health and disease, establishing a microfluidic vascular model (μVM). Maintaining human endothelial cells (ECs) in healthy-mimicking conditions resulted in conversion to a physiological phenotype namely cell elongation, reduced proliferation, lowered angiogenic gene expression and formation of actin cortical rim and continuous barrier. We next examined the responses of the healthy μVM to a vasotoxic cancer drug, 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), in comparison with an in vivo mouse model. We found that 5-FU does not induce apoptosis rather vascular hyperpermeability, which can be alleviated by Resveratrol treatment. This effect was confirmed by in vivo findings identifying a vasoprotecting strategy by the adjunct therapy of 5-FU with Resveratrol. The μVM of ischemic disease demonstrated the transition of ECs from a quiescent to an activated state, with higher proliferation rate, upregulation of angiogenic genes, and impaired barrier integrity. The μVM offers opportunities to study and predict human ECs with physiologically relevant phenotypes in healthy, pathological and drug-treated environments.
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Palasap A, Limpaiboon T, Boonsiri P, Thapphasaraphong S, Daduang S, Suwannalert P, Daduang J. Cytotoxic Effects of Phytophenolics from Caesalpinia mimosoides Lamk on Cervical Carcinoma Cell Lines through an Apoptotic Pathway. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:449-54. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.1.449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Zhang F, Le T, Wu X, Wang H, Zhang T, Meng Y, Wei B, Soriano SS, Willis P, Kolokythas O, Yang X. Intrabiliary RF heat-enhanced local chemotherapy of a cholangiocarcinoma cell line: monitoring with dual-modality imaging--preclinical study. Radiology 2013; 270:400-8. [PMID: 24471389 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.13130866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether magnetic resonance (MR) imaging heating guidewire-mediated radiofrequency (RF) hyperthermia could enhance the therapeutic effect of gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in a cholangiocarcinoma cell line and local deposit doses of chemotherapeutic drugs in swine common bile duct (CBD) walls. MATERIALS AND METHODS The animal protocol was approved by the institutional animal care and use committee. Green fluorescent protein-labeled human cholangiocarcinoma cells and cholangiocarcinomas in 24 mice were treated with (a) combination therapy with chemotherapy (gemcitabine and 5-FU) plus RF hyperthermia, (b) chemotherapy only, (c) RF hyperthermia only, or (d) phosphate-buffered saline. Cell proliferation was quantified, and tumor changes over time were monitored with 14.0-T MR imaging and optical imaging. To enable further validation of technical feasibility, intrabiliary local delivery of gemcitabine and 5-FU was performed by using a microporous balloon with (eight pigs) or without (eight pigs) RF hyperthermia. Chemotherapy deposit doses in the bile duct walls were quantified by means of high-pressure liquid chromatography. The nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test and the paired-sample Wilcoxon signed rank test were used for data analysis. RESULTS Combination therapy induced lower mean levels of cell proliferation than chemotherapy only and RF hyperthermia only (0.39 ± 0.13 [standard deviation] vs 0.87 ± 0.10 and 1.03 ± 0.13, P < .001). Combination therapy resulted in smaller relative tumor volume than chemotherapy only and RF hyperthermia only (0.65 ± 0.03 vs 1.30 ± 0.021 and 1.37 ± 0.05, P = .001). Only in the combination therapy group did both MR imaging and optical imaging show substantial decreases in apparent diffusion coefficients and fluorescent signals in tumor masses immediately after the treatments. Chemotherapy quantification showed a higher average drug deposit dose in swine CBD walls with intrabiliary RF hyperthermia than without it (gemcitabine: 0.32 mg/g of tissue ± 0.033 vs 0.260 mg/g ± 0.030 and 5-FU: 0.660 mg/g ± 0.060 vs 0.52 mg/g ± 0.050, P < .05). CONCLUSION The use of intrabiliary MR imaging heating guidewire-mediated RF hyperthermia can enhance the chemotherapeutic effect on a human cholangiocarcinoma cell line and local drug deposition in swine CBD tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- From the Image-Guided Bio-Molecular Intervention Research and Section of Vascular & Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, 850 Republican St, Seattle, WA 98109
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Lee YJ, Im JH, Lee DM, Park JS, Won SY, Cho MK, Nam HS, Lee YJ, Lee SH. Synergistic inhibition of mesothelioma cell growth by the combination of clofarabine and resveratrol involves Nrf2 downregulation. BMB Rep 2013. [PMID: 23187004 PMCID: PMC4133806 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2012.45.11.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that MSTO-211H cells have a higher capacity to regulate Nrf2 activation in response to changes in the cellular redox environment. To further characterize its biological significance, the response of Nrf2, a transcription factor that regulates ARE-containing genes, on the synergistic cytotoxic effect of clofarabine and resveratrol was investigated in mesothelioma cells. The combination treatment showed a marked growth-inhibitory effect, which was accompanied by suppression of Nrf2 activation and decreased expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). While transient overexpression of Nrf2 conferred protection against the cytotoxicity caused by their combination, knockdown of Nrf2 expression using siRNA enhanced their cytotoxic effect. Pretreatment with Ly294002, a PI3K inhibitor, augmented the decrease in HO-1 level by their combination, whereas no obvious changes were observed in Nrf2 levels. Altogether, these results suggest that the synergistic cytotoxic effect of clofarabine and resveratrol was mediated, at least in part, through suppression of Nrf2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Jin Lee
- Soonchunhyung Environmental Health Center for Asbestos, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 330-090, Korea
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Minicis SD, Kisseleva T, Francis H, Baroni GS, Benedetti A, Brenner D, Alvaro D, Alpini G, Marzioni M. Liver carcinogenesis: rodent models of hepatocarcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. Dig Liver Dis 2013; 45. [PMID: 23177172 PMCID: PMC3716909 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2012.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma are primary liver cancers, both represent a growing challenge for clinicians due to their increasing morbidity and mortality. In the last few years a number of in vivo models of hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma have been developed. The study of these models is providing a significant contribution in unveiling the pathophysiology of primary liver malignancies. They are also fundamental tools to evaluate newly designed molecules to be tested as new potential therapeutic agents in a pre-clinical set. Technical aspects of each model are critical steps, and they should always be considered in order to appropriately interpret the findings of a study or its planning. The purpose of this review is to describe the technical and experimental features of the most significant rodent models, highlighting similarities or differences between the corresponding human diseases. The first part is dedicated to the discussion of models of hepatocellular carcinoma, developed using toxic agents, or through dietary or genetic manipulations. In the second we will address models of cholangiocarcinoma developed in rats or mice by toxin administration, genetic manipulation and/or bile duct incannulation or surgery. Xenograft or syngenic models are also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuele De Minicis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Tatiana Kisseleva
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, CA, United States
| | - Heather Francis
- Division Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Scott & White Digestive Disease Research Center, Department of Medicine, Division Gastroenterology, Scott & White Hospital and Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Temple, TX, United States
| | | | - Antonio Benedetti
- Department of Gastroenterology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - David Brenner
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, CA, United States
| | - Domenico Alvaro
- Division of Gastroenterology, Polo Pontino, Università degli Studi “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Alpini
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, CA, United States,Co-corresponding author. Tel.: +1 254 743 1041/1044; fax: +1 254 743 0378/0555. (M. Marzioni)
| | - Marco Marzioni
- Department of Gastroenterology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy,Corresponding author at: Department of Gastroenterology, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Nuovo Polo Didattico, III Piano, Via Tronto 10, 60020 Ancona, Italy. Tel.: +39 0712206043; fax: +39 0712206044
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Even though recent accumulated data can help to understand fundamental molecular mechanisms of progression of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), its incidence and mortality still keep increasing worldwide with poor prognosis. As appropriate animal disease models are critical to fill the gap between the findings from in vitro and the applications to human diseases, lack of effective and patient-like CCA animal models may contribute to limits of controlling progression of CCA. This review is focusing to provide the information about recently developed CCA animal models. RECENT FINDINGS Recent advancements in cell and molecular biology make it possible to mimic the pathogenicity of human CCA using various animal models. In this review, several up-to-date techniques and the examples to induce CCA in animal models (xenograft and orthotopic models, carcinogen-induced CCA model, genetically engineered mouse model for CCA) with resemblance of human CCA are discussed. SUMMARY Not only establishing animal models relevant to CCA is beneficial for its early diagnosis and therapy but also well suited experimental CCA models will guide the development of applicable treatment strategy for the hard-to-cure CCA.
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Vinod BS, Maliekal TT, Anto RJ. Phytochemicals as chemosensitizers: from molecular mechanism to clinical significance. Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 18:1307-48. [PMID: 22871022 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.4573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review provides an overview of the clinical relevance of chemosensitization, giving special reference to the phenolic phytochemicals, curcumin, genistein, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, emodin, and resveratrol, which are potential candidates due to their ability to regulate multiple survival pathways without inducing toxicity. We also give a brief summary of all the clinical trials related to the important phytochemicals that emerge as chemosensitizers. The mode of action of these phytochemicals in regulating the key players of the death receptor pathway and multidrug resistance proteins is also abridged. Rigorous efforts in identifying novel chemosensitizers and unraveling their molecular mechanism have resulted in some of the promising candidates such as curcumin, genistein, and polyphenon E, which have gone into clinical trials. Even though considerable research has been conducted in identifying the salient molecular players either contributing to drug efflux or inhibiting DNA repair and apoptosis, both of which ultimately lead to the development of chemoresistance, the interdependence of the molecular pathways leading to chemoresistance is still the impeding factor in the success of chemotherapy. Even though clinical trials are going on to evaluate the chemosensitizing efficacy of phytochemicals such as curcumin, genistein, and polyphenon E, recent results indicate that more intense study is required to confirm their clinical efficacy. Current reports also warrant intense investigation about the use of more phytochemicals such as quercetin, emodin, and resveratrol as chemosensitizers, as all of them have been shown to modulate one or more of the key regulators of chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balachandran S Vinod
- Cancer Research Program, Division of Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, India
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Effects and mechanisms of the combination of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid and bortezomib on the anticancer property of gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer. Pancreas 2011; 40:966-73. [PMID: 21487323 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0b013e3182156d5a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Earlier studies that dealt with the combination therapy of gemcitabine and histone deacetylation inhibitors for pancreatic cancer revealed unsatisfactory results. The activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) was referred as one of the attributable causes, and we attempted to overcome this resistance by the addition of a proteasome inhibitor. METHODS The influences of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (vorinostat, SAHA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, and bortezomib, a novel selective antagonist of 26S proteasome, with or without gemcitabine on cell growth and apoptosis and the expressions of related proteins were observed in pancreatic cancer cell lines (MiaPaCa-2 and ASPC-1). The xenograft model of pancreatic cancer was used to notice effects in vivo. RESULTS Vorinostat and bortezomib had independent inhibitory effects and potentiated the antitumor property of gemcitabine in vitro. In the xenograft model, more augmented effects were achieved when bortezomib was combined with gemcitabine than gemcitabine alone. The down-regulation of pAkt and suppression of NF-κB activity was induced by the triple combination. CONCLUSIONS The triple combination of vorinostat, bortezomib, and gemcitabine resulted in the strongest antitumor effects both in vitro and in vivo and pAkt and NF-κB seems to be involved in this process.
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Huang L, Ramirez J, Frampton GA, Golden LE, Quinn MA, Pae HY, Horvat D, Liang LJ, DeMorrow S. Anandamide exerts its antiproliferative actions on cholangiocarcinoma by activation of the GPR55 receptor. J Transl Med 2011; 91:1007-17. [PMID: 21464819 PMCID: PMC3126905 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2011.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinomas are devastating cancers of biliary origin with limited treatment options. It has previously been shown that the endocannabinoid anandamide exerts antiproliferative effects on cholangiocarcinoma independent of any known cannabinoid receptors, and by the stabilization of lipid rafts, thereby allowing the recruitment and activation of the Fas death receptor complex. Recently, GPR55 was identified as a putative cannabinoid receptor; therefore, the role of GPR55 in the antiproliferative effects of anandamide was evaluated. GPR55 is expressed in all cholangiocarcinoma cells and liver biopsy samples to a similar level as in non-malignant cholangiocytes. Treatment with either anandamide or the GPR55 agonist, O-1602, reduced cholangiocarcinoma cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, knocking down the expression of GPR55 prevented the antiproliferative effects of anandamide. Coupled to these effects was an increase in JNK activity. The antiproliferative effects of anandamide could be blocked by pretreatment with a JNK inhibitor and the lipid raft disruptors β-methylcyclodextrin and fillipin III. Activation of GPR55 by anandamide or O-1602 increased the amount of Fas in the lipid raft fractions, which could be blocked by pretreatment with the JNK inhibitor. These data represent the first evidence that GPR55 activation by anandamide can lead to the recruitment and activation of the Fas death receptor complex and that targeting GPR55 activation may be a viable option for the development of therapeutic strategies to treat cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Temple Texas,Digestive Disease Research Center, Temple Texas,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jonathan Ramirez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Temple Texas,Division of Research and Education Scott & White Hospital, Temple Texas
| | - Gabriel A Frampton
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Temple Texas
| | - Lessie E Golden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Temple Texas,Division of Research and Education Scott & White Hospital, Temple Texas
| | - Matthew A Quinn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Temple Texas,Digestive Disease Research Center, Temple Texas
| | - Hae Yong Pae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Temple Texas
| | - Darijana Horvat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Temple Texas
| | - Li-jian Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sharon DeMorrow
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, Temple Texas,Digestive Disease Research Center, Temple Texas,Division of Research and Education Scott & White Hospital, Temple Texas
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Sharma C, Sadrieh L, Priyani A, Ahmed M, Hassan AH, Hussain A. Anti-carcinogenic effects of sulforaphane in association with its apoptosis-inducing and anti-inflammatory properties in human cervical cancer cells. Cancer Epidemiol 2010; 35:272-8. [PMID: 20956097 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2010.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2010] [Revised: 09/07/2010] [Accepted: 09/17/2010] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The multistep process of carcinogenesis is characterized by progressive disorganization and occurrence of initiation, promotion, and progression events. Several new strategies such as chemoprevention are being developed for treatment and prevention at various stages of carcinogenesis. Sulforaphane, a potential chemopreventive agent, possesses anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-cancer activities and has attracted extensive interest for better cancer management. METHODS We evaluated the effect of sulforaphane alone or in combination with gemcitabine on HeLa cells by cell viability assay and confirmed the results by apoptosis assay. Further we analyzed the effect of sulforaphane on the expression of Bcl-2, COX-2 and IL-1β by RT-PCR on HeLa cells. RESULTS In the present study, sulforaphane was found to induce dose-dependent selective cytotoxicity in HeLa cells in comparison to normal cells pointing to its safe cytotoxicity profile. Additionally, a combination of sulforaphane and gemcitabine was found to increase the growth inhibition in a synergistic manner in HeLa cells compared to the individual drugs. Also, the expression analysis of genes involved in apoptosis and inflammation revealed significant downregulation of Bcl-2, COX-2 and IL-1β upon treatment with sulforaphane. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that sulforaphane exerts its anticancer activities via apoptosis induction and anti-inflammatory properties and provides the first evidence demonstrating synergism between sulforaphane and gemcitabine which may enhance the therapeutic index of prevention and/or treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chhavi Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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Francis H, Alpini G, DeMorrow S. Recent advances in the regulation of cholangiocarcinoma growth. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2010; 299:G1-9. [PMID: 20430870 PMCID: PMC2904122 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00114.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinomas arise after the neoplastic transformation of the cholangiocytes that line the intra- and extrahepatic biliary epithelium. Symptoms usually do not present until late in the course of the disease, at which time they are relatively resistant to chemotherapeutic agents and as such are difficult to treat and display a poor prognosis. Because of the relative rarity of this disease, the overall volume of research into the molecular pathophysiology associated with this disease is small compared with other more prevalent tumors. However, the incidence of this devastating cancer is on the rise and renewed efforts to understand the pathogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma is needed to design novel therapeutic strategies to combat this disease. This review summarizes the recent advances into our knowledge and understanding of cholangiocarcinoma and highlights potential novel therapeutic strategies that may prove useful to treat this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Francis
- 2Digestive Disease Research Center and ,3Department of Research and Education, Scott & White Hospital; and
| | - Gianfranco Alpini
- 1Department of Internal Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine; ,2Digestive Disease Research Center and ,4Division of Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas
| | - Sharon DeMorrow
- 1Department of Internal Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine; ,2Digestive Disease Research Center and
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