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Majchrzak K, Hentschel E, Hönzke K, Geithe C, von Maltzahn J. We need to talk-how muscle stem cells communicate. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1378548. [PMID: 39050890 PMCID: PMC11266305 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1378548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is one of the tissues with the highest ability to regenerate, a finely controlled process which is critically depending on muscle stem cells. Muscle stem cell functionality depends on intrinsic signaling pathways and interaction with their immediate niche. Upon injury quiescent muscle stem cells get activated, proliferate and fuse to form new myofibers, a process involving the interaction of multiple cell types in regenerating skeletal muscle. Receptors in muscle stem cells receive the respective signals through direct cell-cell interaction, signaling via secreted factors or cell-matrix interactions thereby regulating responses of muscle stem cells to external stimuli. Here, we discuss how muscle stem cells interact with their immediate niche focusing on how this controls their quiescence, activation and self-renewal and how these processes are altered in age and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Majchrzak
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus–Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Erik Hentschel
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus–Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Katja Hönzke
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus–Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christiane Geithe
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus–Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Julia von Maltzahn
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus–Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
- Faculty for Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus—Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
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2
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Kalita B, Sahu S, Bharadwaj A, Panneerselvam L, Martinez-Cebrian G, Agarwal M, Mathew SJ. The Wnt-pathway corepressor TLE3 interacts with the histone methyltransferase KMT1A to inhibit differentiation in Rhabdomyosarcoma. Oncogene 2024; 43:524-538. [PMID: 38177411 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02911-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma tumor cells resemble differentiating skeletal muscle cells, which unlike normal muscle cells, fail to undergo terminal differentiation, underlying their proliferative and metastatic properties. We identify the corepressor TLE3 as a key regulator of rhabdomyosarcoma tumorigenesis by inhibiting the Wnt-pathway. Loss of TLE3 function leads to Wnt-pathway activation, reduced proliferation, decreased migration, and enhanced differentiation in rhabdomyosarcoma cells. Muscle-specific TLE3-knockout results in enhanced expression of terminal myogenic differentiation markers during normal mouse development. TLE3-knockout rhabdomyosarcoma cell xenografts result in significantly smaller tumors characterized by reduced proliferation, increased apoptosis and enhanced differentiation. We demonstrate that TLE3 interacts with and recruits the histone methyltransferase KMT1A, leading to repression of target gene activation and inhibition of differentiation in rhabdomyosarcoma. A combination drug therapy regime to promote Wnt-pathway activation by the small molecule BIO and inhibit KMT1A by the drug chaetocin led to significantly reduced tumor volume, decreased proliferation, increased expression of differentiation markers and increased survival in rhabdomyosarcoma tumor-bearing mice. Thus, TLE3, the Wnt-pathway and KMT1A are excellent drug targets which can be exploited for treating rhabdomyosarcoma tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhargab Kalita
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB) NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
- Department of Pathology and Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Subhashni Sahu
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB) NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Anushree Bharadwaj
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB) NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Lakshmikanthan Panneerselvam
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB) NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | | | - Megha Agarwal
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB) NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
- Affiliated to Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sam J Mathew
- Developmental Genetics Laboratory Regional Centre for Biotechnology (RCB) NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India.
- Affiliated to Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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3
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Ragab N, Bauer J, Uhmann A, Marx A, Hahn H, Simon-Keller K. Tumor suppressive functions of WNT5A in rhabdomyosarcoma. Int J Oncol 2022; 61:102. [PMID: 35796028 PMCID: PMC9291248 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a highly aggressive soft tissue malignancy that predominantly affects children. The main subtypes are alveolar RMS (ARMS) and embryonal RMS (ERMS) and the two show an impaired muscle differentiation phenotype. One pathway involved in muscle differentiation is WNT signaling. However, the role of this pathway in RMS is far from clear. Our recent data showed that the canonical WNT/β-Catenin pathway serves a subordinate role in RMS, whereas non-canonical WNT signaling probably is more important for this tumor entity. The present study investigated the role of WNT5A, which is the major ligand of non-canonical WNT signaling, in ERMS and ARMS. Gene expression analysis showed that WNT5A was expressed in human RMS samples and that its expression is more pronounced in ERMS. When stably overexpressed in RMS cell lines, WNT5A decreased proliferation and migration of the cells as demonstrated by BrdU incorporation and Transwell migration or scratch assay, respectively. WNT5A also decreased the self-renewal capacity and the expression of stem cell markers and modulates the levels of muscle differentiation markers as shown by sphere assay and western blot analysis, respectively. Finally, overexpression of WNT5A can destabilize active β-Catenin of RMS cells. A WNT5A knockdown has opposite effects. Together, the results suggest that WNT5A has tumor suppressive functions in RMS, which accompanies downregulation of β-Catenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Ragab
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, D‑37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Julia Bauer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, D‑37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anja Uhmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, D‑37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Marx
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, D‑68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Heidi Hahn
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, D‑37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Katja Simon-Keller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, D‑68167 Mannheim, Germany
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4
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Pruller J, Figeac N, Zammit PS. DVL1 and DVL3 require nuclear localisation to regulate proliferation in human myoblasts. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8388. [PMID: 35589804 PMCID: PMC9120025 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10536-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
WNT signalling is essential for regulating a diverse range of cellular processes. In skeletal muscle, the WNT pathway plays crucial roles in maintenance of the stem cell pool and myogenic differentiation. Focus is usually directed at examining the function of central components of the WNT pathway, including β-CATENIN and the GSK3β complex and TCF/LEF transcription factors, in tissue homeostasis and cancer. Other core components of the WNT pathway though, are three dishevelled (DVL) proteins: membrane associated proteins that propagate WNT signalling from membrane to nucleus. Here we examined DVL function in human myogenesis and the muscle-related cancer alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. We demonstrate that DVL1 and DVL3 are necessary for efficient proliferation in human myoblasts and are important for timely myogenic differentiation. DVL1 and DVL3 also contribute to regulation of proliferation in rhabdomyosarcoma. DVL1 or DVL3 must be present in the nucleus to regulate proliferation, but they operate through different protein domains: DVL3 requires the DIX and PDZ domains, while DVL1 does not. Importantly, DVL1 and DVL3 activity is independent of markedly increased translocation of β-CATENIN to the nucleus, normally a hallmark of active canonical WNT signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Pruller
- King's College London, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Nicolas Figeac
- King's College London, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Peter S Zammit
- King's College London, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
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5
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Giralt I, Gallo-Oller G, Navarro N, Zarzosa P, Pons G, Magdaleno A, Segura MF, Sábado C, Hladun R, Arango D, Sánchez de Toledo J, Moreno L, Gallego S, Roma J. Dickkopf-1 Inhibition Reactivates Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Rhabdomyosarcoma, Induces Myogenic Markers In Vitro and Impairs Tumor Cell Survival In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12921. [PMID: 34884726 PMCID: PMC8657544 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a pivotal role during embryogenesis and its deregulation is a key mechanism in the origin and progression of several tumors. Wnt antagonists have been described as key modulators of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in cancer, with Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) being the most studied member of the DKK family. Although the therapeutic potential of DKK-1 inhibition has been evaluated in several diseases and malignancies, little is known in pediatric tumors. Only a few works have studied the genetic inhibition and function of DKK-1 in rhabdomyosarcoma. Here, for the first time, we report the analysis of the therapeutic potential of DKK-1 pharmaceutical inhibition in rhabdomyosarcoma, the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children. We performed DKK-1 inhibition via shRNA technology and via the chemical inhibitor WAY-2626211. Its inhibition led to β-catenin activation and the modulation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), with positive effects on in vitro expression of myogenic markers and a reduction in proliferation and invasion. In addition, WAY-262611 was able to impair survival of tumor cells in vivo. Therefore, DKK-1 could constitute a molecular target, which could lead to novel therapeutic strategies in RMS, especially in those patients with high DKK-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Giralt
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Child and Adolescent Cancer, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (I.G.); (G.G.-O.); (N.N.); (P.Z.); (G.P.); (A.M.); (M.F.S.); (J.S.d.T.); (L.M.)
| | - Gabriel Gallo-Oller
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Child and Adolescent Cancer, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (I.G.); (G.G.-O.); (N.N.); (P.Z.); (G.P.); (A.M.); (M.F.S.); (J.S.d.T.); (L.M.)
| | - Natalia Navarro
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Child and Adolescent Cancer, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (I.G.); (G.G.-O.); (N.N.); (P.Z.); (G.P.); (A.M.); (M.F.S.); (J.S.d.T.); (L.M.)
| | - Patricia Zarzosa
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Child and Adolescent Cancer, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (I.G.); (G.G.-O.); (N.N.); (P.Z.); (G.P.); (A.M.); (M.F.S.); (J.S.d.T.); (L.M.)
| | - Guillem Pons
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Child and Adolescent Cancer, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (I.G.); (G.G.-O.); (N.N.); (P.Z.); (G.P.); (A.M.); (M.F.S.); (J.S.d.T.); (L.M.)
| | - Ainara Magdaleno
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Child and Adolescent Cancer, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (I.G.); (G.G.-O.); (N.N.); (P.Z.); (G.P.); (A.M.); (M.F.S.); (J.S.d.T.); (L.M.)
| | - Miguel F. Segura
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Child and Adolescent Cancer, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (I.G.); (G.G.-O.); (N.N.); (P.Z.); (G.P.); (A.M.); (M.F.S.); (J.S.d.T.); (L.M.)
| | - Constantino Sábado
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (C.S.); (R.H.)
| | - Raquel Hladun
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (C.S.); (R.H.)
| | - Diego Arango
- Group of Molecular Oncology, IRB Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain;
| | - José Sánchez de Toledo
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Child and Adolescent Cancer, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (I.G.); (G.G.-O.); (N.N.); (P.Z.); (G.P.); (A.M.); (M.F.S.); (J.S.d.T.); (L.M.)
| | - Lucas Moreno
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Child and Adolescent Cancer, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (I.G.); (G.G.-O.); (N.N.); (P.Z.); (G.P.); (A.M.); (M.F.S.); (J.S.d.T.); (L.M.)
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (C.S.); (R.H.)
| | - Soledad Gallego
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Child and Adolescent Cancer, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (I.G.); (G.G.-O.); (N.N.); (P.Z.); (G.P.); (A.M.); (M.F.S.); (J.S.d.T.); (L.M.)
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (C.S.); (R.H.)
| | - Josep Roma
- Laboratory of Translational Research in Child and Adolescent Cancer, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (I.G.); (G.G.-O.); (N.N.); (P.Z.); (G.P.); (A.M.); (M.F.S.); (J.S.d.T.); (L.M.)
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6
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Trejo-Solis C, Escamilla-Ramirez A, Jimenez-Farfan D, Castillo-Rodriguez RA, Flores-Najera A, Cruz-Salgado A. Crosstalk of the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in the Induction of Apoptosis on Cancer Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14090871. [PMID: 34577571 PMCID: PMC8465904 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a major role in cell survival and proliferation, as well as in angiogenesis, migration, invasion, metastasis, and stem cell renewal in various cancer types. However, the modulation (either up- or downregulation) of this pathway can inhibit cell proliferation and apoptosis both through β-catenin-dependent and independent mechanisms, and by crosstalk with other signaling pathways in a wide range of malignant tumors. Existing studies have reported conflicting results, indicating that the Wnt signaling can have both oncogenic and tumor-suppressing roles, depending on the cellular context. This review summarizes the available information on the role of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and its crosstalk with other signaling pathways in apoptosis induction in cancer cells and presents a modified dual-signal model for the function of β-catenin. Understanding the proapoptotic mechanisms induced by the Wnt/β-catenin pathway could open new therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Trejo-Solis
- Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Ciudad de Mexico 14269, Mexico; (A.E.-R.); (A.C.-S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Angel Escamilla-Ramirez
- Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Ciudad de Mexico 14269, Mexico; (A.E.-R.); (A.C.-S.)
| | - Dolores Jimenez-Farfan
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico;
| | | | - Athenea Flores-Najera
- Centro Médico Nacional 20 de Noviembre, Departamento de Cirugía General, Ciudad de Mexico 03229, Mexico;
| | - Arturo Cruz-Salgado
- Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Ciudad de Mexico 14269, Mexico; (A.E.-R.); (A.C.-S.)
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7
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Feng J, Meng Z. Insulin growth factor-1 promotes the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:891. [PMID: 34194569 PMCID: PMC8237273 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are stem cells that exist in bone marrow tissue and have osteogenic differentiation potential. Insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) plays a key role in the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. However, the specific mechanism of IGF-1 in cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation remains unclear. In the present study, BMSCs were transfected with lentivirus carrying the siRNA-Wnt3a gene, and the Wnt3a level in BMSCs was revealed to be reduced by western blotting, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence detection. Then, BMSCs were treated with 80 ng/ml IGF-1 in complete medium for 5 days. CCK-8 and cell cycle assays revealed that cell proliferation was significantly decreased in the siRNA-Wnt3a group than in the control group. The protein and mRNA levels of β-catenin and cyclin D1 were significantly downregulated in the siRNA-Wnt3a group compared with the control group. In addition, BMSCs were treated with IGF-1 in osteogenic differentiation medium for 7 and 21 days, and alkaline phosphatase staining and Alizarin Red staining demonstrated significantly reduced osteogenic differentiation ability in the siRNA-Wnt3a group compared with the control group. Furthermore, the protein and mRNA levels of β-catenin, RUNX2, and OPN were downregulated compared with the control group. Our findings revealed that IGF-1 promoted the proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs at least partially through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. These findings provided new insight into the clinical treatment of bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Feng
- Jiaozuo Coal Industry (Group) Co. Ltd. Central Hospital, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Meng
- Department of Orthopedics, The General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region 750004, P.R. China
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8
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Zhu GX, Gao D, Shao ZZ, Chen L, Ding WJ, Yu QF. Wnt/β‑catenin signaling: Causes and treatment targets of drug resistance in colorectal cancer (Review). Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:105. [PMID: 33300082 PMCID: PMC7723170 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant tumor in humans. Chemotherapy is used for the treatment of CRC. However, the effect of chemotherapy remains unsatisfactory due to drug resistance. Growing evidence has shown that the presence of highly metastatic tumor stem cells, regulation of non-coding RNAs and the tumor microenvironment contributes to drug resistance mechanisms in CRC. Wnt/β-catenin signaling mediates the chemoresistance of CRC in these three aspects. Therefore, the present study analyzed the abundant evidence of the contribution of Wnt/β-catenin signaling to the development of drug resistance in CRC and discussed its possible role in improving the chemosensitivity of CRC, which may provide guidelines for its clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Xian Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Dian Gao
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Zhao Shao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Jie Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Qiong-Fang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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9
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Pal A, Leung JY, Ang GCK, Rao VK, Pignata L, Lim HJ, Hebrard M, Chang KT, Lee VK, Guccione E, Taneja R. EHMT2 epigenetically suppresses Wnt signaling and is a potential target in embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. eLife 2020; 9:57683. [PMID: 33252038 PMCID: PMC7728445 DOI: 10.7554/elife.57683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling is downregulated in embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) and contributes to the block of differentiation. Epigenetic mechanisms leading to its suppression are unknown and could pave the way toward novel therapeutic modalities. We demonstrate that EHMT2 suppresses canonical Wnt signaling by activating expression of the Wnt antagonist DKK1. Inhibition of EHMT2 expression or activity in human ERMS cell lines reduced DKK1 expression and elevated canonical Wnt signaling resulting in myogenic differentiation in vitro and in mouse xenograft models in vivo. Mechanistically, EHMT2 impacted Sp1 and p300 enrichment at the DKK1 promoter. The reduced tumor growth upon EHMT2 deficiency was reversed by recombinant DKK1 or LGK974, which also inhibits Wnt signaling. Consistently, among 13 drugs targeting chromatin modifiers, EHMT2 inhibitors were highly effective in reducing ERMS cell viability. Our study demonstrates that ERMS cells are vulnerable to EHMT2 inhibitors and suggest that targeting the EHMT2-DKK1-β-catenin node holds promise for differentiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Pal
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jia Yu Leung
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gareth Chin Khye Ang
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vinay Kumar Rao
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Luca Pignata
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Huey Jin Lim
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maxime Hebrard
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kenneth Te Chang
- Department of Pathology, KK Women and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Victor Km Lee
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ernesto Guccione
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Reshma Taneja
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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10
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Chua K, Virshup DM, Odono EG, Chang KTE, Tan NJH, Hue SSS, Sim AYL, Lee VKM. YJ5 as an immunohistochemical marker of osteogenic lineage. Pathology 2020; 53:229-238. [PMID: 33187685 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2020.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of WLS, an upstream protein in the Wnt pathway, has been implicated in several non-osteogenic tumours. This study represents the first attempt at evaluating WLS expression in various bone and soft tissue tumours using YJ5, a monoclonal antibody specific to WLS, with the aim of elucidating its utility in discerning tumours with aberrant Wnt signalling and as a marker of osteogenic lineage in challenging cases. Tumour tissue sections of 144 bone mass lesions and 63 soft tissue mass lesions were immunostained with the YJ5 antibody following standardised protocols. Subsequent assessment of immunoreactivity segregated cases into one of three groups: absent/weak, moderate, or strong YJ5 immunoreactivity. For the bone tumours, strong YJ5 immunoreactivity was seen in almost all osteosarcomas and chondroblastomas, all osteoblastomas and osteoid osteomas. In contrast, all other cartilaginous tumours, chordomas, aneurysmal bone cysts, chondromyxoid fibromas, most fibrous dysplasias and most giant cell tumours exhibited absent/weak YJ5 immunostaining. For the soft tissue tumours, a more heterogeneous pattern of YJ5 immunoreactivity was observed. Because diffuse and strong YJ5 expression is identified in almost all benign and malignant bone tumours with osteoblastic activity, it can be potentially utilised as an immunohistochemical marker to support osteogenic lineage. If interpreted in the appropriate context, this marker is useful in determining whether a malignant bone tumour is an osteosarcoma, particularly in those subtypes with no or minimal osteoid or unusual morphological features. This marker can also complement SATB2 to denote osteogenic lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenon Chua
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore; Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - David M Virshup
- Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Eugene G Odono
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines
| | - Kenneth Tou En Chang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Nicholas Jin Hong Tan
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Susan Swee-Shan Hue
- Department of Pathology, NUH Advance Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Singapore
| | - Arthur Yi Loong Sim
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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11
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Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is an aggressive childhood mesenchymal tumor with two major molecular and histopathologic subtypes: fusion-positive (FP)RMS, characterized by the PAX3-FOXO1 fusion protein and largely of alveolar histology, and fusion-negative (FN)RMS, the majority of which exhibit embryonal tumor histology. Metastatic disease continues to be associated with poor overall survival despite intensive treatment strategies. Studies on RMS biology have provided some insight into autocrine as well as paracrine signaling pathways that contribute to invasion and metastatic propensity. Such pathways include those driven by the PAX3-FOXO1 fusion oncoprotein in FPRMS and signaling pathways such as IGF/RAS/MEK/ERK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, cMET, FGFR4, and PDGFR in both FP and FNRMS. In addition, specific cytoskeletal proteins, G protein coupled receptors, Hedgehog, Notch, Wnt, Hippo, and p53 pathways play a role, as do specific microRNA. Paracrine factors, including secreted proteins and RMS-derived exosomes that carry cargo of protein and miRNA, have also recently emerged as potentially important players in RMS biology. This review summarizes the known factors contributing to RMS invasion and metastasis and their implications on identifying targets for treatment and a better understanding of metastatic RMS.
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12
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Knott MML, Hölting TLB, Ohmura S, Kirchner T, Cidre-Aranaz F, Grünewald TGP. Targeting the undruggable: exploiting neomorphic features of fusion oncoproteins in childhood sarcomas for innovative therapies. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2019; 38:625-642. [PMID: 31970591 PMCID: PMC6994515 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-019-09839-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
While sarcomas account for approximately 1% of malignant tumors of adults, they are particularly more common in children and adolescents affected by cancer. In contrast to malignancies that occur in later stages of life, childhood tumors, including sarcoma, are characterized by a striking paucity of somatic mutations. However, entity-defining fusion oncogenes acting as the main oncogenic driver mutations are frequently found in pediatric bone and soft-tissue sarcomas such as Ewing sarcoma (EWSR1-FLI1), alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (PAX3/7-FOXO1), and synovial sarcoma (SS18-SSX1/2/4). Since strong oncogene-dependency has been demonstrated in these entities, direct pharmacological targeting of these fusion oncogenes has been excessively attempted, thus far, with limited success. Despite apparent challenges, our increasing understanding of the neomorphic features of these fusion oncogenes in conjunction with rapid technological advances will likely enable the development of new strategies to therapeutically exploit these neomorphic features and to ultimately turn the "undruggable" into first-line target structures. In this review, we provide a broad overview of the current literature on targeting neomorphic features of fusion oncogenes found in Ewing sarcoma, alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, and synovial sarcoma, and give a perspective for future developments. Graphical abstract Scheme depicting the different targeting strategies of fusion oncogenes in pediatric fusion-driven sarcomas. Fusion oncogenes can be targeted on their DNA level (1), RNA level (2), protein level (3), and by targeting downstream functions and interaction partners (4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian M L Knott
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Thalkirchner Str. 36, 80337, Munich, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tilman L B Hölting
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Thalkirchner Str. 36, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Shunya Ohmura
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Thalkirchner Str. 36, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Kirchner
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florencia Cidre-Aranaz
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Thalkirchner Str. 36, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas G P Grünewald
- Max-Eder Research Group for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Thalkirchner Str. 36, 80337, Munich, Germany.
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Munich, Munich, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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13
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Marampon F, Di Nisio V, Pietrantoni I, Petragnano F, Fasciani I, Scicchitano BM, Ciccarelli C, Gravina GL, Festuccia C, Del Fattore A, Tombolini M, De Felice F, Musio D, Cecconi S, Tini P, Maddalo M, Codenotti S, Fanzani A, Polimeni A, Maggio R, Tombolini V. Pro-differentiating and radiosensitizing effects of inhibiting HDACs by PXD-101 (Belinostat) in in vitro and in vivo models of human rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines. Cancer Lett 2019; 461:90-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Adhikari A, Davie J. Wnt deregulation in rhabdomyosarcoma. Stem Cell Investig 2019; 6:13. [PMID: 31304179 DOI: 10.21037/sci.2019.06.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Adhikari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine and Simmons Cancer Institute, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Judith Davie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine and Simmons Cancer Institute, Carbondale, IL, USA
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TBX3 represses TBX2 under the control of the PRC2 complex in skeletal muscle and rhabdomyosarcoma. Oncogenesis 2019; 8:27. [PMID: 30979887 PMCID: PMC6461654 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-019-0137-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
TBX2 and TBX3 function as repressors and are frequently implicated in oncogenesis. We have shown that TBX2 represses p21, p14/19, and PTEN in rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) and skeletal muscle but the function and regulation of TBX3 were unclear. We show that TBX3 directly represses TBX2 in RMS and skeletal muscle. TBX3 overexpression impairs cell growth and migration and we show that TBX3 is directly repressed by the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), which methylates histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me). We found that TBX3 promotes differentiation only in the presence of early growth response factor 1 (EGR1), which is differentially expressed in RMS and is also a target of the PRC2 complex. The potent regulation axis revealed in this work provides novel insight into the effects of the PRC2 complex in normal cells and RMS and further supports the therapeutic value of targeting of PRC2 in RMS.
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Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children and represents a high-grade neoplasm of skeletal myoblast-like cells. Decades of clinical and basic research have gradually improved our understanding of the pathophysiology of RMS and helped to optimize clinical care. The two major subtypes of RMS, originally characterized on the basis of light microscopic features, are driven by fundamentally different molecular mechanisms and pose distinct clinical challenges. Curative therapy depends on control of the primary tumour, which can arise at many distinct anatomical sites, as well as controlling disseminated disease that is known or assumed to be present in every case. Sophisticated risk stratification for children with RMS incorporates various clinical, pathological and molecular features, and that information is used to guide the application of multifaceted therapy. Such therapy has historically included cytotoxic chemotherapy as well as surgery, ionizing radiation or both. This Primer describes our current understanding of RMS epidemiology, disease susceptibility factors, disease mechanisms and elements of clinical care, including diagnostics, risk-based care of newly diagnosed and relapsed disease and the prevention and management of late effects in survivors. We also outline potential opportunities to further translate new biological insights into improved clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen X Skapek
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Andrea Ferrari
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Abha A Gupta
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philip J Lupo
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Erin Butler
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Janet Shipley
- Divisions of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, Belmont, UK
| | - Frederic G Barr
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Douglas S Hawkins
- Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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17
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Adhikari A, Davie J. JARID2 and the PRC2 complex regulate skeletal muscle differentiation through regulation of canonical Wnt signaling. Epigenetics Chromatin 2018; 11:46. [PMID: 30119689 PMCID: PMC6097338 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-018-0217-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background JARID2 is a non-catalytic member of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), which is known to regulate developmental target genes in embryonic stem cells. Here, we provide mechanistic insight into the modulation of Wnt signaling by JARID2 during murine skeletal muscle differentiation. Results We show that JARID2 is expressed in proliferating myoblasts, but downregulated upon muscle differentiation. Unexpectedly, depletion of JARID2 or the catalytic subunit of the PRC2 complex, EZH2, inhibited differentiation, suggesting that JARID2 and the PRC2 complex are required to initiate this process. Expression of the myogenic regulatory factors required to promote differentiation, MYOD and MYOG, was downregulated in the absence of JARID2, even though decreases in the methylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) were observed on both promoters. We found that activation of the Wnt signaling pathway upregulated MYOD and restored differentiation. Activation of the Wnt pathway in JARID2 depleted cells caused β-catenin to translocate to the nucleus, where it bound to and activated the Myod1 promoter. We show that the Wnt antagonist SFRP1 is highly upregulated in the absence of JARID2 and is a direct target of JARID2 and the PRC2 complex. Ectopic expression of SFRP1 blocked MYOD and late muscle gene expression and inhibited the translocation of β-catenin to the nucleus. Finally, we show that JARID2 and SFRP1 are inversely correlated in melanoma, confirming that the JARID2-mediated repression of SFRP1 extends beyond skeletal muscle and has important implications in many cellular systems, including cancer. Conclusions We show that JARID2 and the PRC2 complex regulate muscle differentiation by modulating Wnt signaling through the direct repression of Wnt antagonists. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13072-018-0217-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Adhikari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA
| | - Judith Davie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA.
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Dräger J, Simon-Keller K, Pukrop T, Klemm F, Wilting J, Sticht C, Dittmann K, Schulz M, Leuschner I, Marx A, Hahn H. LEF1 reduces tumor progression and induces myodifferentiation in a subset of rhabdomyosarcoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:3259-3273. [PMID: 27965462 PMCID: PMC5356880 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children and show characteristics of skeletal muscle differentiation. The two major RMS subtypes in children are alveolar (ARMS) and embryonal RMS (ERMS). We demonstrate that approximately 50% of ARMS and ERMS overexpress the LEF1/TCF transcription factor LEF1 when compared to normal skeletal muscle and that LEF1 can restrain aggressiveness especially of ARMS cells. LEF1 knockdown experiments in cell lines reveal that depending on the cellular context, LEF1 can induce pro-apoptotic signals. LEF1 can also suppress proliferation, migration and invasiveness of RMS cells both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, LEF1 can induce myodifferentiation of the tumor cells. This may involve regulation of other LEF1/TCF factors i.e. TCF1, whereas β-catenin activity plays a subordinate role. Together these data suggest that LEF1 rather has tumor suppressive functions and attenuates aggressiveness in a subset of RMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Dräger
- Department of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Göttingen 37073, Germany
| | - Katja Simon-Keller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim 68167, Germany
| | - Tobias Pukrop
- Clinic for Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany.,Department of Hematology/Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen 37099, Germany
| | - Florian Klemm
- Department of Hematology/Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen 37099, Germany
| | - Jörg Wilting
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germany
| | - Carsten Sticht
- Center of Medical Research, Bioinformatic and Statistic, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim 68167, Germany
| | - Kai Dittmann
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen 37073, Germany
| | - Matthias Schulz
- Department of Hematology/Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen 37099, Germany
| | - Ivo Leuschner
- Kiel Paediatric Tumor Registry, Department of Paediatric Pathology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Alexander Marx
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim 68167, Germany
| | - Heidi Hahn
- Department of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Göttingen 37073, Germany
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19
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Ragab N, Viehweger F, Bauer J, Geyer N, Yang M, Seils A, Belharazem D, Brembeck FH, Schildhaus HU, Marx A, Hahn H, Simon-Keller K. Canonical WNT/β-Catenin Signaling Plays a Subordinate Role in Rhabdomyosarcomas. Front Pediatr 2018; 6:378. [PMID: 30568936 PMCID: PMC6290061 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2018.00378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of skeletal muscle from immature precursors is partially driven by canonical WNT/β-catenin signaling. Rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) are immature skeletal muscle-like, highly lethal cancers with a variably pronounced blockade of muscle differentiation. To investigate whether canonical β-catenin signaling in RMS is involved in differentiation and aggressiveness of RMS, we analyzed the effects of WNT3A and of a siRNA-mediated or pharmacologically induced β-catenin knock-down on proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation of embryonal and alveolar RMS cell lines. While the canonical WNT pathway was maintained in all cell lines as shown by WNT3A induced AXIN expression, more distal steps including transcriptional activation of its key target genes were consistently impaired. In addition, activation or inhibition of canonical WNT/β-catenin only moderately affected proliferation, apoptosis or myodifferentiation of the RMS tumor cells and a conditional knockout of β-catenin in RMS of Ptch del/+ mice did not alter RMS incidence or multiplicity. Together our data indicates a subordinary role of the canonical WNT/β-catenin signaling for RMS proliferation, apoptosis or differentiation and thus aggressiveness of this malignant childhood tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Ragab
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Florian Viehweger
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia Bauer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Natalie Geyer
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mingya Yang
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anna Seils
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Djeda Belharazem
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Felix H Brembeck
- Tumor Biology and Signal Transduction, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Marx
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Heidi Hahn
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Katja Simon-Keller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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20
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Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma is a mesenchymal malignancy associated with the skeletal muscle lineage and is also the most common pediatric soft tissue cancer. Between the two pediatric subtypes, embryonal and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, the alveolar subtype is generally more aggressive and high-risk. Despite intensive multimodal therapy, patients with high-risk rhabdomyosarcoma continue to have poor prognosis. In this chapter we address the mechanisms underlying the dysregulation of myogenesis in rhabdomyosarcoma. We specifically focus on recently identified signaling pathways that function to inhibit myogenesis and how similar functions have been shown to overlap in rhabdomyosarcoma, potentially contributing to the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Y Yu
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States; College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Denis C Guttridge
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States; The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.
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21
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Preclinical testing of the glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitor tideglusib for rhabdomyosarcoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:62976-62983. [PMID: 28968964 PMCID: PMC5609896 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common childhood soft tissue sarcoma. RMS often arise from myogenic precursors and displays a poorly differentiated skeletal muscle phenotype most closely resembling regenerating muscle. GSK3β is a ubiquitously expressed serine-threonine kinase capable of repressing the terminal myogenic differentiation program in cardiac and skeletal muscle. Recent unbiased chemical screening efforts have prioritized GSK3β inhibitors as inducers of myodifferentiation in RMS, suggesting efficacy as single agents in suppressing growth and promoting self-renewal in zebrafish transgenic embryonal RMS (eRMS) models in vivo. In this study, we tested the irreversible GSK3β-inhibitor, tideglusib for in vivo efficacy in patient-derived xenograft models of both alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (aRMS) and eRMS. Tideglusib had effective on-target pharmacodynamic efficacy, but as a single agent had no effect on tumor progression or myodifferentiation. These results suggest that as monotherapy, GSK3β inhibitors may not be a viable treatment for aRMS or eRMS.
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22
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Schleicher SB, Zaborski JJ, Riester R, Zenkner N, Handgretinger R, Kluba T, Traub F, Boehme KA. Combined application of arsenic trioxide and lithium chloride augments viability reduction and apoptosis induction in human rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178857. [PMID: 28575066 PMCID: PMC5456379 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) are the most prevalent soft tissue sarcomas affecting children and adolescents. Despite intensive treatment consisting of multimodal chemotherapy and surgery RMS patients diagnosed with metastatic disease expect long term survival rates of only 20%. Often multidrug resistance arises upon initial response emphasizing the need for new therapeutic drugs to improve treatment efficiency. Previously, we demonstrated the efficacy of the FDA approved drug arsenic trioxide (ATO) specifically inhibiting viability and clonal growth as well as inducing cell death in human RMS cell lines of different subtypes. In this study, we combined low dose ATO with lithium chloride (LiCl), which is approved as mood stabilizer for the treatment of bipolar disorder, but also inhibits growth and survival of different cancer cell types in pre-clinical research. Indeed, we could show additive effects of LiCl and ATO on viability reduction, decrease of colony formation as well as cell death induction. In the course of this, LiCl induced inhibitory glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) serine 9 phosphorylation, whereas glioma associated oncogene family 1 (GLI1) protein expression was particularly reduced by combined ATO and LiCl treatment in RD and RH-30 cell lines, showing high rates of apoptotic cell death. These results imply that combination of ATO with LiCl or another drug targeting GSK-3 is a promising strategy to enforce the treatment efficiency in resistant and recurrent RMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine B. Schleicher
- Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Children’s Hospital, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Julian J. Zaborski
- Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Rosa Riester
- Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Natascha Zenkner
- Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Rupert Handgretinger
- Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Children’s Hospital, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Torsten Kluba
- Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Frank Traub
- Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Tuebingen, Germany
- Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Karen A. Boehme
- Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Tuebingen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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23
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Martinez-Font E, Felipe-Abrio I, Calabuig-Fariñas S, Ramos R, Terrasa J, Vögler O, Alemany R, Martín-Broto J, Obrador-Hevia A. Disruption of TCF/β-Catenin Binding Impairs Wnt Signaling and Induces Apoptosis in Soft Tissue Sarcoma Cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 16:1166-1176. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-16-0585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are malignant tumors of mesenchymal origin and represent around 1% of adult cancers, being a very heterogeneous group of tumors with more than 50 different subtypes. The Wnt signaling pathway is involved in the development and in the regulation, self-renewal, and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, and plays a role in sarcomagenesis. In this study, we have tested pharmacologic inhibition of Wnt signaling mediated by disruption of TCF/β-catenin binding and AXIN stabilization, being the first strategy more efficient in reducing cell viability and downstream effects. We have shown that disruption of TCF/β-catenin binding with PKF118-310 produces in vitro antitumor activity in a panel of prevalent representative STS cell lines and primary cultures. At the molecular level, PKF118-310 treatment reduced β-catenin nuclear localization, reporter activity, and target genes, resulting in an increase in apoptosis. Importantly, combination of PKF118-310 with doxorubicin resulted in enhanced reduction of cell viability, suggesting that Wnt inhibition could be a new combination regime in these patients. Our findings support the usefulness of Wnt inhibitors as new therapeutic strategies for the prevalent STS. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(6); 1166–76. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Martinez-Font
- 1Group of Advanced Therapies and Biomarkers in Clinical Oncology, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària de Palma (IdISPa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Irene Felipe-Abrio
- 2Group of Molecular Oncology and New Therapies, Oncohematology and Genetics Department, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Silvia Calabuig-Fariñas
- 3Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Fundación de Investigación, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- 4Department of Pathology, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael Ramos
- 5Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Josefa Terrasa
- 1Group of Advanced Therapies and Biomarkers in Clinical Oncology, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària de Palma (IdISPa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- 6Department of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Oliver Vögler
- 1Group of Advanced Therapies and Biomarkers in Clinical Oncology, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària de Palma (IdISPa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- 7Group of Clinical and Translational Research, Department of Biology, Institut Universitari d'Investigacions en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Regina Alemany
- 1Group of Advanced Therapies and Biomarkers in Clinical Oncology, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària de Palma (IdISPa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- 7Group of Clinical and Translational Research, Department of Biology, Institut Universitari d'Investigacions en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), University of the Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Javier Martín-Broto
- 2Group of Molecular Oncology and New Therapies, Oncohematology and Genetics Department, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Sevilla, Spain
- 8Department of Oncology, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Antònia Obrador-Hevia
- 1Group of Advanced Therapies and Biomarkers in Clinical Oncology, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària de Palma (IdISPa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- 6Department of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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24
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He S, Lu Y, Liu X, Huang X, Keller ET, Qian CN, Zhang J. Wnt3a: functions and implications in cancer. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2015; 34:554-62. [PMID: 26369691 PMCID: PMC4593336 DOI: 10.1186/s40880-015-0052-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Wnt3a, one of Wnt family members, plays key roles in regulating pleiotropic cellular functions, including self-renewal, proliferation, differentiation, and motility. Accumulating evidence has suggested that Wnt3a promotes or suppresses tumor progression via the canonical Wnt signaling pathway depending on cancer type. In addition, the roles of Wnt3a signaling can be inhibited by multiple proteins or chemicals. Herein, we summarize the latest findings on Wnt3a as an important therapeutic target in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha He
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Ageing-related Diseases, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P.R. China. .,Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P.R. China.
| | - Yi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Ageing-related Diseases, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P.R. China. .,Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P.R. China.
| | - Xia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Ageing-related Diseases, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P.R. China. .,Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P.R. China.
| | - Xin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Ageing-related Diseases, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P.R. China. .,Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P.R. China.
| | - Evan T Keller
- Department of Urology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Chao-Nan Qian
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 51006, P.R. China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Longevity and Ageing-related Diseases, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P.R. China. .,Center for Translational Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P.R. China. .,Department of Urology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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25
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Satheesha S, Manzella G, Bovay A, Casanova EA, Bode PK, Belle R, Feuchtgruber S, Jaaks P, Dogan N, Koscielniak E, Schäfer BW. Targeting hedgehog signaling reduces self-renewal in embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Oncogene 2015; 35:2020-30. [PMID: 26189795 PMCID: PMC5399168 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Current treatment regimens for rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), the most common pediatric soft tissue cancer, rely on conventional chemotherapy, and although they show clinical benefit, there is a significant risk of adverse side effects and secondary tumors later in life. Therefore, identifying and targeting sub-populations with higher tumorigenic potential and self-renewing capacity would offer improved patient management strategies. Hedgehog signaling has been linked to the development of embryonal RMS (ERMS) through mouse genetics and rare human syndromes. However, activating mutations in this pathway in sporadic RMS are rare and therefore the contribution of hedgehog signaling to oncogenesis remains unclear. Here, we show by genetic loss- and gain-of-function experiments and the use of clinically relevant small molecule modulators that hedgehog signaling is important for controlling self-renewal of a subpopulation of RMS cells in vitro and tumor initiation in vivo. In addition, hedgehog activity altered chemoresistance, motility and differentiation status. The core stem cell gene NANOG was determined to be important for ERMS self-renewal, possibly acting downstream of hedgehog signaling. Crucially, evaluating the presence of a subpopulation of tumor-propagating cells in patient biopsies identified by GLI1 and NANOG expression had prognostic significance. Hence, this work identifies novel functional aspects of hedgehog signaling in ERMS, redefines the rationale for its targeting as means to control ERMS self-renewal and underscores the importance of studying functional tumor heterogeneity in pediatric cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Satheesha
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - G Manzella
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Bovay
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - E A Casanova
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P K Bode
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - R Belle
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S Feuchtgruber
- Department of Oncology/Hematology/Immunology, Olgahospital, Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - P Jaaks
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - N Dogan
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - E Koscielniak
- Department of Oncology/Hematology/Immunology, Olgahospital, Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - B W Schäfer
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
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26
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Kephart JJG, Tiller RGJ, Crose LES, Slemmons KK, Chen PH, Hinson AR, Bentley RC, Chi JTA, Linardic CM. Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 3 (SFRP3) Is Required for Tumorigenesis of PAX3-FOXO1-Positive Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:4868-80. [PMID: 26071485 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-1797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a soft tissue sarcoma associated with the skeletal muscle lineage. Of the two predominant subtypes, known as embryonal (eRMS) and alveolar (aRMS), aRMS has the poorer prognosis, with a five-year survival rate of <50%. The majority of aRMS tumors express the fusion protein PAX3-FOXO1. As PAX3-FOXO1 has proven chemically intractable, this study aims to identify targetable proteins that are downstream from or cooperate with PAX3-FOXO1 to support tumorigenesis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Microarray analysis of the transcriptomes of human skeletal muscle myoblasts expressing PAX3-FOXO1 revealed alteration of several Wnt pathway gene members, including secreted frizzled related protein 3 (SFRP3), a secreted Wnt pathway inhibitor. Loss-of-function using shRNAs against SFRP3 was used to interrogate the role of SFRP3 in human aRMS cell lines in vitro and conditional murine xenograft systems in vivo. The combination of SFRP3 genetic suppression and the chemotherapeutic agent vincristine was also examined. RESULTS In vitro, suppression of SFRP3 inhibited aRMS cell growth, reduced proliferation accompanied by a G1 arrest and induction of p21, and induced apoptosis. In vivo, doxycycline-inducible suppression of SFRP3 reduced aRMS tumor growth and weight by more than three-fold, in addition to increasing myogenic differentiation and β-catenin signaling. The combination of SFRP3 suppression and vincristine was more effective at reducing aRMS cell growth in vitro than either treatment alone, and ablated tumorigenesis in vivo. CONCLUSIONS SFRP3 is necessary for the growth of human aRMS cells both in vitro and in vivo and is a promising new target for investigation in aRMS.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cluster Analysis
- Disease Models, Animal
- Forkhead Box Protein O1
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics
- G1 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints/drug effects
- G1 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints/genetics
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Glycoproteins/genetics
- Humans
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
- Mice
- Myoblasts/drug effects
- Myoblasts/metabolism
- PAX3 Transcription Factor
- Paired Box Transcription Factors/genetics
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- Rhabdomyosarcoma, Alveolar/drug therapy
- Rhabdomyosarcoma, Alveolar/genetics
- Rhabdomyosarcoma, Alveolar/mortality
- Rhabdomyosarcoma, Alveolar/pathology
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Vincristine/pharmacology
- Wnt Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Wnt Signaling Pathway/drug effects
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie J G Kephart
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Rosanne G J Tiller
- School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Lisa E S Crose
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Katherine K Slemmons
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Po-Han Chen
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ashley R Hinson
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Rex C Bentley
- School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina. Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jen-Tsan Ashley Chi
- School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina. Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Corinne M Linardic
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina. School of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina. Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
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27
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Berkholz J, Kuzyniak W, Hoepfner M, Munz B. Overexpression of the skNAC gene in human rhabdomyosarcoma cells enhances their differentiation potential and inhibits tumor cell growth and spreading. Clin Exp Metastasis 2014; 31:869-79. [PMID: 25209525 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-014-9676-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal and heart muscle-specific variant of the alpha subunit of nascent polypeptide complex (skNAC) is exclusively present in striated muscle cells. During skeletal muscle cell differentiation, skNAC expression is strongly induced, suggesting that the protein might be a regulator of the differentiation process. Rhabdomyosarcoma is a tumor of skeletal muscle origin. Since there is a strong inverse correlation between rhabdomyosarcoma cell differentiation status and metastatic potential, we analyzed skNAC expression patterns in a set of rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines: Whereas RD/12 and RD/18 cells showed a marked induction of skNAC gene expression upon the induction of differentiation-similarly as the one seen in nontransformed myoblasts-skNAC was not induced in CCA or Rh30 cells. Overexpressing skNAC in CCA and Rh30 cells led to a reduction in cell cycle progression and cell proliferation accompanied by an upregulation of specific myogenic differentiation markers, such as Myogenin or Myosin Heavy Chain. Furthermore, in contrast to vector-transfected controls, a high percentage of the cells formed long, Myosin Heavy Chain-positive, multinucleate myotubes. Consistently, soft agar assays revealed a drop in the metastatic potential of skNAC-overexpressing cells. Taken together, these data indicate that reconstitution of skNAC expression can enhance the differentiation potential of rhabdomyosarcoma cells and reduces their metastatic potential, a finding which might have important therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Berkholz
- Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Institute of Physiology, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
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28
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Monsma DJ, Cherba DM, Richardson PJ, Vance S, Rangarajan S, Dylewski D, Eugster E, Scott SB, Beuschel NL, Davidson PJ, Axtell R, Mitchell D, Lester EP, Junewick JJ, Webb CP, Monks NR. Using a rhabdomyosarcoma patient-derived xenograft to examine precision medicine approaches and model acquired resistance. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014; 61:1570-7. [PMID: 24687871 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.25039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Precision (Personalized) medicine has the potential to revolutionize patient health care especially for many cancers where the fundamental disease etiology remains either elusive or has no available therapy. Here we outline a study in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, in which we use gene expression profiling and a series of drug prediction algorithms combined with a matched patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model to test bioinformatically predicted therapies. PROCEDURE A PDX model was developed from a patient biopsy and a number of drugs identified using gene expression analysis in combination with drug prediction algorithms. Drugs chosen from each of the predictive methodologies, along with the patient's standard-of-care therapy (ICE-T), were tested in vivo in the PDX tumor. A second study was initiated using the tumors that re-grew following the ICE-T treatment. Further expression analysis identified additional therapies with potential anti-tumor efficacy. RESULTS A number of the predicted therapies were found to be active against the tumors in particular BGJ398 (FGFR2) and ICE-T. Re-transplanted ICE-T treated tumorgrafts demonstrated a decreased response to ICE-T recapitulating the patient's refractory disease. Gene expression profiling of the ICE-T treated tumorgrafts identified cytarabine (SLC29A1) as a potential therapy, which was shown, along with BGJ398, to be highly active in vivo. CONCLUSIONS This study illustrates that PDX models are suitable surrogates for testing potential therapeutic strategies based on gene expression analysis, modeling clinical drug resistance and hold the potential to assist in guiding prospective patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Monsma
- Van Andel Research Institute, Center for Translational Medicine, Grand Rapids, Michigan
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29
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Glycogen synthase kinase 3 inhibitors induce the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway to suppress growth and self-renewal in embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:5349-54. [PMID: 24706870 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1317731111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) is a common pediatric malignancy of muscle, with relapse being the major clinical challenge. Self-renewing tumor-propagating cells (TPCs) drive cancer relapse and are confined to a molecularly definable subset of ERMS cells. To identify drugs that suppress ERMS self-renewal and induce differentiation of TPCs, a large-scale chemical screen was completed. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) inhibitors were identified as potent suppressors of ERMS growth through inhibiting proliferation and inducing terminal differentiation of TPCs into myosin-expressing cells. In support of GSK3 inhibitors functioning through activation of the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway, recombinant WNT3A and stabilized β-catenin also enhanced terminal differentiation of human ERMS cells. Treatment of ERMS-bearing zebrafish with GSK3 inhibitors activated the WNT/β-catenin pathway, resulting in suppressed ERMS growth, depleted TPCs, and diminished self-renewal capacity in vivo. Activation of the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway also significantly reduced self-renewal of human ERMS, indicating a conserved function for this pathway in modulating ERMS self-renewal. In total, we have identified an unconventional tumor suppressive role for the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway in regulating self-renewal of ERMS and revealed therapeutic strategies to target differentiation of TPCs in ERMS.
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