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Li J, Zhang Y, Lu H, Li Z, Luo H, Ou Q, Chen X. Alterations in oxidative stress biomarkers and helper T-cell subgroups in patients with periodontitis and IgA nephropathy. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:325-335. [PMID: 38116861 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Investigating the changes in the oxidative stress levels and helper T lymphocyte (Th) subsets in patients with periodontitis and IgA nephropathy (IgAN) to determine their relationship. BACKGROUND IgAN has a high prevalence, poor prognosis, and no effective cure. Accumulating evidence has implicated a close relationship between periodontitis and chronic kidney diseases, in which both IgAN and chronic periodontitis show chronic inflammation and abnormal metabolism. However, few studies have been conducted on the relationship between the two diseases from this perspective. METHODS We divided 86 IgAN patients into patients with healthy periodontium (IgAN-H, n = 34) and patients with periodontitis IgAN (IgAN-P, n = 52); moreover, we divided 72 systemically healthy participants into patients with periodontitis (H-P, n = 35) and participants with healthy periodontium (H-H, n = 37). The proportions of Th subsets in peripheral blood were estimated using flow cytometry. Cytokine levels in plasma were assessed using cytokine assay kits. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to evaluate the plasma levels of oxidative stress. RESULTS Our results from analyzing the Th cell subsets indicated that Th2 cell counts in the IgAN-P group were significantly lower than those in the IgAN-H group, while Th17 cell counts were increased (p < 0.05). Moreover, the Th1/Th2 ratio and interleukin-6 levels in the IgAN-P group were significantly higher than those in the H-H group (p < 0.01). Compared with that in the H-H group, in the remaining three groups, plasma total oxidation state (TOS) levels were increased (p < 0.01), while plasma total antioxidant state (TAS) levels were decreased (p < 0.05). Furthermore, estimated glomerular filtration rate was negatively correlated with the probing depth and gingival bleeding index. IgAN was a risk factor for periodontitis, while TAS was a protective factor for periodontitis. The oxidative stress index (OSI) might be valuable for distinguishing periodontitis patients from healthy controls (area under the receiver operator characteristic curve = 0.951). CONCLUSION IgAN is an independent risk factor of periodontitis, and the Th17 cell-mediated inflammatory response might be associated with the occurrence of periodontitis in patients with IgAN. Patients with coexisting IgAN and periodontitis exhibit increased oxidative stress, in which TOS and OSI are potential biomarkers for diagnosing periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Li
- Department of Stomatology, the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, China
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine Research Center, the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Department of Stomatology, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Clinical Laboratory Center, the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hui Luo
- Department of Nephrology, the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, China
| | - Qianqiu Ou
- Department of Stomatology, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaotao Chen
- Department of Stomatology, the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, China
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Mo L, Zhao C, Huang B, Niu J, Hong S, Li J, Lin Y, Qin F. Health Effects of Dietary Oxidized Milk Administration in Offspring Mice during Pregnancy and Lactation with Metabolomic Strategies. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:1679-1688. [PMID: 35104143 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Milk is an important source of nutrients during pregnancy. Previous studies have consistently shown that oxidation in milk and dairy products can induce oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis in the liver and kidney. However, the mechanism underlying these effects remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the effects of oxidized milk on fecal metabolism and liver and kidney function of offspring mice. Oxidative modification of milk was performed using H2O2-Cu or heating, causing varying degrees of oxidative damage. Kunming female mice were fed with a H2O2-Cu, heat, or normal control diet until their offspring were 3 weeks old. Feces were collected for the metabolomics study based on mass spectrometry. Forty-two potentially significant metabolic biomarkers were screened, and each group's relative intensity was compared. The results showed that oxidized milk mainly regulated isoleucine metabolism, proline metabolism, and tricarboxylic acid cycle. In addition, the histopathological analysis showed accumulation of protein and lipid oxidation products in the liver and kidney tissues after intake of oxidized milk, which induced oxidative stress, increased the levels of inflammatory factors, and significantly increased the expression of genes and proteins involved in inflammatory pathways. The above results suggest that intake of oxidized milk during gestation may increase the risk of liver and kidney injury in male offspring by interfering with amino acid and energy metabolism, highlighting the potential health risks of oxidized milk in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Mo
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Chaochao Zhao
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Bo Huang
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Jiawei Niu
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Siyan Hong
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Yintao Lin
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
| | - Fengqiong Qin
- The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, China
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Xie D, Zhao H, Xu X, Zhou Z, Su C, Jia N, Liu Y, Hou FF. Intensity of Macrophage Infiltration in Glomeruli Predicts Response to Immunosuppressive Therapy in Patients with IgA Nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:3187-3196. [PMID: 34670812 PMCID: PMC8638408 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2021060815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lack of a tool for predicting the response to immunosuppressive therapy in IgA nephropathy (IgAN) limits patient-specific risk stratification and early treatment decision making. Models for predicting response to immunosuppression in IgAN that can be applied at the time of kidney biopsy are needed. METHODS This prospective cohort study involved 621 Chinese patients with IgAN who were at high risk for disease progression and had persistent proteinuria ≥1 g/d, despite 3 months of optimized supportive care with renin-angiotensin system inhibitors. Participants received immunosuppressive therapy for a median of 18 months. We used immunochemistry to identify macrophage and lymphocyte infiltrates in biopsy specimens and digital image analysis to quantify them. The outcome was response to immunosuppression, defined as complete or partial remission within 12 months of immunosuppression. RESULTS Kidney infiltration of CD68 + and CD206 + macrophages increased in patients with IgAN. Having higher levels of glomerular CD206 + macrophage infiltration was associated with a 40-fold increased probability of response to immunosuppression in adjusted analysis compared with having lower levels. Patients with a higher intensity of glomerular CD68 + infiltrates had a 13-fold increase in probability of responding to immunosuppression. Intensity of glomerular CD206 + and CD68 + macrophage infiltration predicted the response to immunosuppression (area under the curve [AUC], 0.84; 95% CI, 0.81 to 0.88). The AUC increased to 0.87 (95% CI, 0.84 to 0.91) in a model combining the infiltration score of CD206 + and CD68 + infiltrates with the MEST-C score and clinical data at biopsy. CONCLUSIONS Intensity of glomerular macrophage infiltration predicted response to immunosuppressive therapy in patients with IgAN who were at high risk of progression, and may help physicians identify patients who will benefit from such treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Xie
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Deng Y, Wu Q, Chen W, Zhu L, Liu W, Xia F, Sun L, Lin X, Zeng R. Lipidomics reveals association of circulating lipids with body mass index and outcomes in IgA nephropathy patients. J Mol Cell Biol 2021; 13:mjab040. [PMID: 34272854 PMCID: PMC8697343 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjab040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD), which are commonly accompanied by dyslipidemia. Obesity is also associated with dyslipidemia and risk of CKD, but the relation of the dyslipidemia patterns with obesity and disease progression in IgAN patients remains unknown. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and the combined treatment with corticosteroids and TCM have been shown to be of benefit for IgAN patients, but predictive markers for guiding these treatments are lacking. Here, we quantified 545 lipid species in the plasma from 196 participants, including 140 IgAN patients and 56 healthy volunteers, and revealed an altered plasma lipidome in IgAN patients as compared to healthy participants. Association analysis showed that a sub-group of glycerides, particularly triacylglycerols (TGs) containing docosahexaenoic acid, were positively associated with high body mass index (BMI) in under- or normal weight IgAN patients, while several free fatty acids and sphingomyelins were positively associated with high BMI in overweight or obese IgAN patients. Further, our study suggested that elevated levels of eight lipids, mainly TG species containing linolenic acid, were independent risk factors for IgAN progression and also reported the prospective association of circulating lipids with treatment outcomes in IgAN. Taken together, our findings may not only help to achieve precision medicine but also provide a knowledge base for dietary intervention in the treatment of IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyi Deng
- Department of Nephrology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qingqing Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in
Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031,
China
| | - Wanjia Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in
Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031,
China
| | - Wangyi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fangying Xia
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in
Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031,
China
| | - Liang Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in
Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031,
China
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Jiang Z, Tan J, Wang S, Dong L, Han X, Tang Y, Qin W. Lower serum bilirubin is associated with poor renal outcome in IgA nephropathy patients. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:2964-2970. [PMID: 34220324 PMCID: PMC8241783 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.60111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most prevalent primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. We conducted this study to explore the relationship between serum bilirubin and renal outcome of patients with IgAN. Methods: A total of 1492 biopsy proven IgAN patients were recruited and divided into two groups according to their median serum bilirubin concentration: the low bilirubin group (serum bilirubin≤9.7umol/L, n=753) and high bilirubin group (serum bilirubin>9.7umol/L, n=739). Basic clinical characteristics were assessed at the time of renal biopsy and the relationships between serum bilirubin and the combined endpoints were analyzed. The combined endpoints were defined as a 50% decline in estimate glomerular filtration rate (e-GFR), end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), renal transplantation and/or death. In addition, propensity score matching (PSM) was then performed to improve balance and simulate randomization between patients in different groups. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was applied to explore the role of serum bilirubin in the progression of IgAN. Three clinicopathological models of multivariate Cox regression analysis were established to evaluate the association of serum bilirubin and renal prognosis of IgAN. Results: During median 5-year follow-up period, significant differences were shown in Kaplan-Meier analysis. In the unmatched group, 189 (12.7%) patients progressed to the renal combined endpoints. Among this, 122 in 753 patients (16.2%) were in low bilirubin group and 67 in 739 patients (9.1%) were in high bilirubin group (p<0.001). After PSM, there were 134 (11.8%) patients reached the combined endpoints, which included 77 in 566 patients (14.6%) in low bilirubin group and 57 in 566 patients (10.1%) in high bilirubin group (p=0.039). The results of three models (including demographics, pathological, clinical indicators and serum bilirubin) demonstrated that a lower basic serum bilirubin level was significantly associated with a higher risk of reaching combined endpoints in IgAN patients both in unmatched and matched cohort. Conclusion: Serum bilirubin level may be negatively associated with the progression of IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Jiang
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University
| | - Jiaxing Tan
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University
| | - Siqing Wang
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University
| | - Lingqiu Dong
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University
| | - Xin Han
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University
| | - Yi Tang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University
| | - Wei Qin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University
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Li X, Xu L, Hou X, Geng J, Tian J, Liu X, Bai X. Advanced Oxidation Protein Products Aggravate Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis Through Protein Kinase C-Dependent Mitochondrial Injury in Early Diabetic Nephropathy. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:1162-1185. [PMID: 29482336 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common microvascular complications and the principal cause of mortality and morbidity rates in patients with diabetes. The expression of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) has been found in vacuolated renal tubules in DN and correlated with patients' decreased renal function. The accumulation of AOPPs is regarded as an initiating factor in podocyte injuries via the protein kinase C (PKC) signaling, which plays a critical role in triggering oxidative stress and mitochondrial injuries in diseases including DN. Whether AOPPs could induce mitochondrial injuries and fibrosis in renal tubules remains largely unknown. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that the accumulation of AOPPs in diabetes incurs mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, causing renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) via PKC signaling pathway. RESULTS In vivo, intrarenal AOPPs accumulation correlated with oxidative stress, renal fibrosis, proteinuria, and declined renal function in DN patients and diabetic rats. AOPPs-induced mitochondrial injuries, apoptosis, and TIF were significantly mitigated by PKCη inhibition in diabetic rats. In vitro, high glucose (HG) stimulated AOPP expression and augmented PKC-mediated oxidative stress and fibrosis in HK-2 cells. Furthermore, we provide mechanistic evidence that inhibition of PKCη isoform alleviated mitochondrial injuries and function, attenuated apoptosis, and renal fibrosis in HG-cultured AOPPs-induced HK-2 cells. Innovation and Conclusion: We propose a novel mechanism that AOPPs-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress cause TIF in DN via activation of the PKCη isoform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- 1 Department of Emergency, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liting Xu
- 2 Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Hou
- 3 Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Geng
- 4 Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwei Tian
- 2 Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoting Liu
- 5 Department of Pathology, King Medical Diagnostics Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Bai
- 2 Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Wnt/β-catenin links oxidative stress to podocyte injury and proteinuria. Kidney Int 2019; 95:830-845. [PMID: 30770219 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Podocyte injury is the major cause of proteinuria in primary glomerular diseases. Oxidative stress has long been thought to play a role in triggering podocyte damage; however, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Here we show that the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is involved in mediating oxidative stress-induced podocyte dysfunction. Advanced oxidation protein products, a marker and trigger of oxidative stress, were increased in the serum of patients with chronic kidney disease and correlated with impaired glomerular filtration, proteinuria, and circulating level of Wnt1. Both serum from patients with chronic kidney disease and exogenous advanced oxidation protein products induced Wnt1 and Wnt7a expression, activated β-catenin, and reduced expression of podocyte-specific markers in vitro and in vivo. Blockade of Wnt signaling by Klotho or knockdown of β-catenin by shRNA in podocytes abolished β-catenin activation and the upregulation of fibronectin, desmin, matrix metalloproteinase-9, and Snail1 triggered by advanced oxidation protein products. Furthermore, conditional knockout mice with podocyte-specific ablation of β-catenin were protected against podocyte injury and albuminuria after treatment with advanced oxidation protein products. The action of Wnt/β-catenin was dependent on the receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE)-mediated NADPH oxidase induction, reactive oxygen species generation, and nuclear factor-κB activation. These studies uncover a novel mechanistic linkage of oxidative stress, Wnt/β-catenin activation, and podocyte dysfunction.
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Bai X, Li X, Tian J, Xu L, Wan J, Liu Y. A new model of diabetic nephropathy in C57BL/6 mice challenged with advanced oxidation protein products. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 118:71-84. [PMID: 29462715 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
There remains a lack of robust mouse models with key features of advanced human diabetic nephropathy (DN). Few options of murine models of DN require mutations to be superimposed to obtain desired phenotypic characteristics. Most genetically modified mice are on the C57BL/6 background; however, they are notorious for resistance to develop DN. To overcome these conundrums, this study reports a novel DN model by challenging with advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6 mice. AOPPs-challenged diabetic C57BL/6 mice were more sensitive to develop progressive proteinuria, causing a 5.59-fold increase in urine albumin to creatinine ratio as compared to diabetic controls by 24 weeks. Typical lesions were present as demonstrated by significant diffuse mesangial expansion, diffuse podocyte foot process effacement, increased glomerular basement membrane thickness, focal arteriolar hyalinosis, mesangiolysis, and mild interstitial fibrosis. These changes were alleviated by losartan treatment. Collectively, these results suggest that AOPPs can accelerate the progression of DN in the resistant C57BL/6 mouse strain. Our studies offer a novel model for studying the pathogenesis of DN that resembles human diabetic kidney disease. It also makes it possible to interrogate the role of specific genetic modifications and to evaluate novel therapeutics to treat DN in preclinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Bai
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Emergency, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jianwei Tian
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Liting Xu
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jiao Wan
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Youhua Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
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Abstract
The picture of HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) as the "good" cholesterol has eroded. This is even more surprising because there exists strong evidence that HDL-C is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the general population as well as in patients with impairment of kidney function and/or progression of CKD. However, drugs that dramatically increase HDL-C have mostly failed to decrease CVD events. Furthermore, genetic studies took the same line, as genetic variants that have a pronounced influence on HDL-C concentrations did not show an association with cardiovascular risk. For many, this was not surprising, given that an HDL particle is highly complex and carries >80 proteins and several hundred lipid species. Simply measuring cholesterol might not reflect the variety of biologic effects of heterogeneous HDL particles. Therefore, functional studies and the involvement of HDL components in the reverse cholesterol transport, including the cholesterol efflux capacity, have become a further focus of study during recent years. As also observed for other aspects, CKD populations behave differently compared with non-CKD populations. Although clear disturbances have been observed for the "functionality" of HDL particles in patients with CKD, this did not necessarily translate into clear-cut associations with outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Kronenberg
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Luo C, Zhou S, Zhou Z, Liu Y, Yang L, Liu J, Zhang Y, Li H, Liu Y, Hou FF, Zhou L. Wnt9a Promotes Renal Fibrosis by Accelerating Cellular Senescence in Tubular Epithelial Cells. J Am Soc Nephrol 2018; 29:1238-1256. [PMID: 29440280 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2017050574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is associated with renal disease progression, and accelerated tubular cell senescence promotes the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis. However, the underlying mechanism is unknown. We assessed the potential role of Wnt9a in tubular cell senescence and renal fibrosis. Compared with tubular cells of normal subjects, tubular cells of humans with a variety of nephropathies and those of several mouse models of CKD expressed high levels of Wnt9a that colocalized with the senescence-related protein p16INK4A Wnt9a expression level correlated with the extent of renal fibrosis, decline of eGFR, and expression of p16INK4A Furthermore, ectopic expression of Wnt9a after ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) induced activation of β-catenin and exacerbated renal fibrosis. Overexpression of Wnt9a exacerbated tubular senescence, evidenced by increased detection of p16INK4A expression and senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity. Conversely, shRNA-mediated knockdown of Wnt9a repressed IRI-induced renal fibrosis in vivo and impeded the growth of senescent tubular epithelial cells in culture. Notably, Wnt9a-induced renal fibrosis was inhibited by shRNA-mediated silencing of p16INK4A in the IRI mouse model. In a human proximal tubular epithelial cell line and primary renal tubular cells, Wnt9a remarkably upregulated levels of senescence-related p16INK4A, p19ARF, p53, and p21 and decreased the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein. Wnt9a also induced senescent tubular cells to produce TGF-β1, which promoted proliferation and activation in normal rat kidney fibroblasts. Thus, Wnt9a drives tubular senescence and fibroblast activation. Furthermore, the Wnt9a-TGF-β pathway appears to create a reciprocal activation loop between senescent tubular cells and activated fibroblasts that promotes and accelerates the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congwei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital and
| | - Shan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital and
| | - Zhanmei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital and
| | - Yahong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital and
| | - Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital and
| | - Jiafeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital and
| | - Yunfang Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Hongyan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; and
| | - Youhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital and.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Fan Fan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital and
| | - Lili Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital and
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Li ZL, Shi Y, Ding Y, Ran Y, Le G. Dietary oxidized tyrosine (O-Tyr) stimulates TGF-β1-induced extracellular matrix production via the JNK/p38 signaling pathway in rat kidneys. Amino Acids 2016; 49:241-260. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-016-2353-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Alhasson F, Dattaroy D, Das S, Chandrashekaran V, Seth RK, Schnellmann RG, Chatterjee S. NKT cell modulates NAFLD potentiation of metabolic oxidative stress-induced mesangial cell activation and proximal tubular toxicity. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2015; 310:F85-F101. [PMID: 26447219 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00243.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are associated with the development and progression of chronic kidney disease. We recently showed that NAFLD induces liver-specific cytochrome P-450 (CYP)2E1-mediated metabolic oxidative stress after administration of the CYP2E1 substrate bromodichloromethane (BDCM) (Seth RK, Das S, Kumar A, Chanda A, Kadiiska MB, Michelotti G, Manautou J, Diehl AM, Chatterjee S. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 274: 42-54, 2014; Seth RK, Kumar A, Das S, Kadiiska MB, Michelotti G, Diehl AM, Chatterjee S. Toxicol Sci 134:291-303, 2013). The present study examined the effects of CYP2E1-mediated oxidative stress in NAFLD leading to kidney toxicity. Mice were fed a high-fat diet for 12 wk to induce NAFLD. NAFLD mice were exposed to BDCM, a CYP2E1 substrate, for 4 wk. NAFLD + BDCM increased CYP2E1-mediated lipid peroxidation in proximal tubular cells compared with mice with NAFLD alone or BDCM-treated lean mice, thus ruling out the exclusive role of BDCM. Lipid peroxidation increased IL-1β, TNF-α, and interferon-γ. In parallel, mesangial cell activation was observed by increased α-smooth muscle actin and transforming growth factor-β, which was blocked by the CYP2E1 inhibitor diallyl sulphide both in vivo and in vitro. Mice lacking natural killer T cells (CD1d knockout mice) showed elevated (>4-fold) proinflammatory mediator release, increased Toll-like receptor (TLR)4 and PDGF2 mRNA, and mesangial cell activation in the kidney. Finally, NAFLD CD1D knockout mice treated with BDCM exhibited increased high mobility group box 1 and Fas ligand levels and TUNEL-positive nuclei, indicating that higher cell death was attenuated in TLR4 knockout mice. Tubular cells showed increased cell death and cytokine release when incubated with activated mesangial cells. In summary, an underlying condition of progressive NAFLD causes renal immunotoxicity and aberrant glomerular function possibly through high mobility group box 1-dependent TLR4 signaling and mesangial cell activation, which, in turn, is modulated by intrinsic CD1D-dependent natural killer T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firas Alhasson
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina; and
| | - Diptadip Dattaroy
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina; and
| | - Suvarthi Das
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina; and
| | - Varun Chandrashekaran
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina; and
| | - Ratanesh Kumar Seth
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina; and
| | - Rick G Schnellmann
- Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Saurabh Chatterjee
- Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina; and
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Moresco RN, Speeckaert MM, Delanghe JR. Diagnosis and monitoring of IgA nephropathy: the role of biomarkers as an alternative to renal biopsy. Autoimmun Rev 2015; 14:847-53. [PMID: 26026694 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2015.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most prevalent form of chronic glomerulonephritis in the world. The underlying pathogenesis of this autoimmune disease comprises the formation of immune complexes, including glycan-specific IgA1 or IgG antibodies and an aberrant glycosylation of IgA1. Until now, anatomopathological analysis of renal biopsies is essential for the diagnosis of IgAN and different histological classification systems have been proposed, e.g. the Oxford classification. However, a percutaneous renal biopsy is frequently not performed for several reasons and the Oxford classification system has some limitations. Since the poor prognosis of IgAN patients is partly the result of a delayed diagnosis, there is an urgent need for reliable noninvasive biomarkers that might be applicable in routine clinical practice. This article reviews the advances on the understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of IgAN and discusses in depth the recent development of new biomarkers, including the use of proteomics and microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael N Moresco
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium; Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Joris R Delanghe
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium.
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