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Yang H, Qiu W, Liu Z. Anoikis-related mRNA-lncRNA and DNA methylation profiles for overall survival prediction in breast cancer patients. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2024; 21:1590-1609. [PMID: 38303479 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2024069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
As a type of programmed cell death, anoikis resistance plays an essential role in tumor metastasis, allowing cancer cells to survive in the systemic circulation and as a key pathway for regulating critical biological processes. We conducted an exploratory analysis to improve risk stratification and optimize adjuvant treatment choices for patients with breast cancer, and identify multigene features in mRNA and lncRNA transcriptome profiles associated with anoikis. First, the variance selection method filters low information content genes in RNA sequence and then extracts the mRNA and lncRNA expression data base on annotation files. Then, the top ten key mRNAs are screened out through the PPI network. Pearson analysis has been employed to identify lncRNAs related to anoikis, and the prognosis-related lncRNAs are selected using Univariate Cox regression and machine learning. Finally, we identified a group of RNAs (including ten mRNAs and six lncRNAs) and integrated the expression data of 16 genes to construct a risk-scoring system for BRCA prognosis and drug sensitivity analysis. The risk score's validity has been evaluated with the ROC curve, Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis and decision curve analysis (DCA). For the methylation data, we have obtained 169 anoikis-related prognostic methylation sites, integrated these sites with 16 RNA features and further used the deep learning model to evaluate and predict the survival risk of patients. The developed anoikis feature is demonstrated a consistency index (C-index) of 0.778, indicating its potential to predict the survival probability of breast cancer patients using deep learning methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huili Yang
- Computer Department, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen 333403, China
| | - Wangren Qiu
- Computer Department, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen 333403, China
| | - Zi Liu
- Computer Department, Jingdezhen Ceramic University, Jingdezhen 333403, China
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2
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Zhang X, Tian L, Teng D, Teng W. The Relationship between Thyrotropin Serum Concentrations and Thyroid Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5017. [PMID: 37894384 PMCID: PMC10605180 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15205017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) is a hormone secreted by the pituitary gland and plays a role in regulating the production and secretion of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland. This precise feedback loop is essential for maintaining a harmonious balance of thyroid hormones in the body, which are vital for numerous physiological processes. Consequently, TSH serves as a significant marker in assessing thyroid function, and deviations from normal TSH levels may indicate the presence of a thyroid disorder. Thyroid cancer (TC) is the malignant tumor within the endocrine system. In recent years, numerous experts have dedicated their efforts to discovering efficacious biomarkers for TC. These biomarkers aim to improve the accurate identification of tumors with a poor prognosis, as well as facilitate active monitoring of tumors with a more favorable prognosis. The role of TSH in the thyroid gland underscores its potential influence on the occurrence and progression of TC, which has garnered attention in the scientific community. However, due to the limited scope of clinical research and the dearth of high-quality foundational studies, the precise impact of TSH on TC remains unclear. Consequently, we present a comprehensive review of this subject, aiming to offer a valuable reference for future research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Di Teng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrine, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; (X.Z.); (L.T.); (W.T.)
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3
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Fagin JA, Krishnamoorthy GP, Landa I. Pathogenesis of cancers derived from thyroid follicular cells. Nat Rev Cancer 2023; 23:631-650. [PMID: 37438605 PMCID: PMC10763075 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00598-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
The genomic simplicity of differentiated cancers derived from thyroid follicular cells offers unique insights into how oncogenic drivers impact tumour phenotype. Essentially, the main oncoproteins in thyroid cancer activate nodes in the receptor tyrosine kinase-RAS-BRAF pathway, which constitutively induces MAPK signalling to varying degrees consistent with their specific biochemical mechanisms of action. The magnitude of the flux through the MAPK signalling pathway determines key elements of thyroid cancer biology, including differentiation state, invasive properties and the cellular composition of the tumour microenvironment. Progression of disease results from genomic lesions that drive immortalization, disrupt chromatin accessibility and cause cell cycle checkpoint dysfunction, in conjunction with a tumour microenvironment characterized by progressive immunosuppression. This Review charts the genomic trajectories of these common endocrine tumours, while connecting them to the biological states that they confer.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Fagin
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Gnana P Krishnamoorthy
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Iñigo Landa
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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4
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Huang G, Chen J, Zhou J, Xiao S, Zeng W, Xia J, Zeng X. Epigenetic modification and BRAF gene mutation in thyroid carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:687. [PMID: 34923978 PMCID: PMC8684614 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02405-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThyroid cancer remains the most prevailing endocrine malignancy, and a progressively increasing incidence rate has been observed in recent years, with 95% of thyroid cancer represented by differentiated thyroid carcinomas. The genetics and epigenetics of thyroid cancer are gradually increasing, and gene mutations and methylation changes play an important roles in its occurrence and development. Although the role of RAS and BRAF mutations in thyroid cancer have been partially clarified,but the pathogenesis and molecular mechanisms of thyroid cancer remain to be elucidated. Epigenetic modification refer to genetic modification that does not change the DNA sequence of a gene but causes heritable phenotypic changes in its expression. Epigenetic modification mainly includes four aspects: DNA methylation, chromatin remodelling, noncoding RNA regulation, and histone modification. This article reviews the importance of thyroid cancer epigenetic modification and BRAF gene mutation in the treatment of thyroid cancer.
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Han H, Davidson LA, Hensel M, Yoon G, Landrock K, Allred C, Jayaraman A, Ivanov I, Safe SH, Chapkin RS. Loss of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Promotes Colon Tumorigenesis in ApcS580/+; KrasG12D/+ Mice. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 19:771-783. [PMID: 33495399 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The mutational genetic landscape of colorectal cancer has been extensively characterized; however, the ability of "cooperation response genes" to modulate the function of cancer "driver" genes remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigate the role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a ligand-activated transcription factor, in modulating oncogenic cues in the colon. We show that intestinal epithelial cell-targeted AhR knockout (KO) promotes the expansion and clonogenic capacity of colonic stem/progenitor cells harboring ApcS580/+; KrasG12D/+ mutations by upregulating Wnt signaling. The loss of AhR in the gut epithelium increased cell proliferation, reduced mouse survival rate, and promoted cecum and colon tumorigenesis in mice. Mechanistically, the antagonism of Wnt signaling induced by Lgr5 haploinsufficiency attenuated the effects of AhR KO on cecum and colon tumorigenesis. IMPLICATIONS: Our findings reveal that AhR signaling plays a protective role in genetically induced colon tumorigenesis at least by suppressing Wnt signaling and provides rationale for the AhR as a therapeutic target for cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajun Han
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Laurie A Davidson
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.,Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Martha Hensel
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Grace Yoon
- Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Kerstin Landrock
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.,Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Clinton Allred
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Ivan Ivanov
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.,Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Stephen H Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Robert S Chapkin
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas. .,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.,Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
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Acar S, BinEssa HA, Demir K, Al-Rijjal RA, Zou M, Çatli G, Anık A, Al-Enezi AF, Özışık S, Al-Faham MSA, Abacı A, Dündar B, Kattan WE, Alsagob M, Kavukçu S, Tamimi HE, Meyer BF, Böber E, Shi Y. Clinical and genetic characteristics of 15 families with hereditary hypophosphatemia: Novel Mutations in PHEX and SLC34A3. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193388. [PMID: 29505567 PMCID: PMC5837132 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary hypophosphatemia is a group of rare renal phosphate wasting disorders. The diagnosis is based on clinical, radiological, and biochemical features, and may require genetic testing to be confirmed. METHODOLOGY Clinical features and mutation spectrum were investigated in patients with hereditary hypophosphatemia. Genomic DNA of 23 patients from 15 unrelated families were screened sequentially by PCR-sequencing analysis for mutations in the following genes: PHEX, FGF23, DMP1, ENPP1, CLCN5, SLC34A3 and SLC34A1. CytoScan HD Array was used to identify large deletions. RESULTS Genetic evaluation resulted in the identification of an additional asymptomatic but intermittent hypophosphatemic subject. Mutations were detected in 21 patients and an asymptomatic sibling from 13 families (86.6%, 13/15). PHEX mutations were identified in 20 patients from 12 families. Six of them were novel mutations present in 9 patients: c.983_987dupCTACC, c.1586+2T>G, c.1206delA, c.436+1G>T, c.1217G>T, and g.22,215,887-22,395,767del (179880 bp deletion including exon 16-22 and ZNF645). Six previously reported mutations were found in 11 patients. Among 12 different PHEX mutations, 6 were de novo mutations. Patients with de novo PHEX mutations often had delayed diagnosis and significantly shorter in height than those who had inherited PHEX mutations. Novel compound heterozygous mutations in SLC34A3 were found in one patient and his asymptomatic sister: c.1335+2T>A and c.1639_1652del14. No mutation was detected in two families. CONCLUSIONS This is the largest familial study on Turkish patients with hereditary hypophosphatemia. PHEX mutations, including various novel and de novo variants, are the most common genetic defect. More attention should be paid to hypophosphatemia by clinicians since some cases remain undiagnosed both during childhood and adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sezer Acar
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Huda A. BinEssa
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Korcan Demir
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Roua A. Al-Rijjal
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Minjing Zou
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gönül Çatli
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Katip Çelebi University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Anık
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Adnan Menderes University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Anwar F. Al-Enezi
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seçil Özışık
- Department of Endocrinology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Manar S. A. Al-Faham
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayhan Abacı
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bumin Dündar
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Katip Çelebi University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Walaa E. Kattan
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maysoon Alsagob
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salih Kavukçu
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hamdi E. Tamimi
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Brian F. Meyer
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ece Böber
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yufei Shi
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
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BRAF-Oncogene-Induced Senescence and the Role of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Signaling in the Progression of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Discov Oncol 2017; 9:1-11. [PMID: 29209896 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-017-0315-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) explains the phenomenon of cellular senescence triggered by the action of oncogenes. It is a mechanism adopted by a cell to inhibit progression of benign tumors into malignancy, occurs in premalignant lesions, and is almost never present in malignant lesions. BRAF mutations occur in about 40-45% of all papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) and of which 99.7% is the BRAFV600E mutation. A unique phenotype of the BRAFV600E mutation is the upregulation of the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) on thyrocyte membranes. Despite the overexpression of the receptor, BRAFV600E cells undergo cell cycle arrest leading to OIS via a negative feedback signaling mechanism. A simultaneous increase in serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in response to hypothyroidism (common in autoimmune diseases such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis) would cause senescent tumor cells to overcome OIS and proceed towards malignancy, hence showing the importance of TSH/TSHR signaling in the development of PTCs. Increase in TSH/TSHR signaling triggers an increase in levels of downstream enzymes such as manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and dual-specific phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) which eventually results in the production of oncogenic proteins such as c-Myc. Therefore, the detection of these genetic alterations as effective biomarkers for premalignant lesions of PTC is important in clinical settings and techniques such as polymerase chain reaction-mediated restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and real-time PCR can be used to detect the BRAFV600E point mutation and overexpression of TSHR, MnSOD, and DUSP6, respectively.
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Guven A, Al-Rijjal RA, BinEssa HA, Dogan D, Kor Y, Zou M, Kaya N, Alenezi AF, Hancili S, Tarım Ö, Baitei EY, Kattan WE, Meyer BF, Shi Y. Mutational analysis of PHEX, FGF23 and CLCN5 in patients with hypophosphataemic rickets. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2017; 87:103-112. [PMID: 28383812 DOI: 10.1111/cen.13347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Hypophosphataemic rickets (HR) is a group of rare hereditary renal phosphate wasting disorders caused by mutations in PHEX, FGF23, DMP1, ENPP1, CLCN5 or SLC34A3. OBJECTIVE To investigate underlying genetic defects in patients with hypophosphataemic rickets. METHODS We analysed genomic DNA from nine unrelated families for mutations in the entire coding region of PHEX, FGF23, DMP1, ENPP1, CLCN5 or SLC34A3 by PCR sequencing and copy number analysis. RESULTS A total of 14 patients were studied. PHEX mutations were identified in 12 patients from seven families. Five of them were novel mutations present in eight patients: c.154G>T (p.E52*), c.401_402insGCCAAA (p.Q134_K135insPK), c.1600C>T (p.P534S), g.22016715_22056805del (40-kb deletion including promoter and exons 1-3) and c.2242_2243delCT (p.L748 fs*48). Four patients had previously reported mutations: c.1768+1G>A and c.1807G>A (p.W602*). Novel CLCN5 (c.1205G>A, p.W402*) and FGF23 (c.526C>G, p.R176G) mutations were found in two patients from the remaining two families. Many of the mutations were de novo: c.154G>T and c.2242_2243delCT in PHEX and c.526C>G in FGF23. Furthermore, we characterized the breakpoint of the novel PHEX g.22016715_22056805del and the c.2242_2243delCT, which is 6 bp from the stop codon, resulting in a frameshift and extension of the reading frame by 42 amino acids. CONCLUSIONS Novel and de novo mutations are frequent and PHEX mutations are still the most common genetic defects in the Turkish population. Gene copy number analysis should be considered in patients with negative results by conventional PCR-based sequencing analysis. The current study further expands the mutation spectrum underlying HR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayla Guven
- Department of Pediatric, Amasya University Medical Faculty, Amasya, Turkey
- Pediatric Endocrinology Clinic, Goztepe Educational and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Roua A Al-Rijjal
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda A BinEssa
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Durmuş Dogan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Uludag University Faculty of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Yılmaz Kor
- Pediatric Endocrinology Division, Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital, Adana, Turkey
| | - Minjing Zou
- Pediatric Endocrinology Clinic, Goztepe Educational and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Namik Kaya
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar F Alenezi
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suna Hancili
- Department of Pediatric, Amasya University Medical Faculty, Amasya, Turkey
- Pediatric Endocrinology Clinic, Goztepe Educational and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ömer Tarım
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Uludag University Faculty of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Essa Y Baitei
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walaa E Kattan
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Brian F Meyer
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yufei Shi
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Zou M, Baitei EY, BinEssa HA, Al-Mohanna FA, Parhar RS, St-Arnaud R, Kimura S, Pritchard C, Alzahrani AS, Assiri AM, Meyer BF, Shi Y. Cyp24a1 Attenuation Limits Progression of BrafV600E -Induced Papillary Thyroid Cancer Cells and Sensitizes Them to BRAF V600E Inhibitor PLX4720. Cancer Res 2017; 77:2161-2172. [PMID: 28242615 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-2066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
CYP24A1, the primary inactivating enzyme for vitamin D, is often overexpressed in human cancers, potentially neutralizing the antitumor effects of calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D. However, it is unclear whether CYP24A1 expression serves as a functional contributor versus only a biomarker for tumor progression. In this study, we investigated the role of CYP24A1 on malignant progression of a murine model of BrafV600E -induced papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Mice harboring wild-type Cyp24a1 (BVECyp24a1-wt) developed PTC at 5 weeks of age. Mice harboring a homozygous deletion of Cyp24a1 (BVECyp24a1-null) exhibited a 4-fold reduction in tumor growth. Notably, we found the tumorigenic potential of BVECyp24a1-null-derived tumor cells to be nearly abolished in immunocompromised nude mice. This phenotype was associated with downregulation of the MAPK, PI3K/Akt, and TGFβ signaling pathways and a loss of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in BVECyp24a1-null cells, associated with downregulation of genes involved in EMT, tumor invasion, and metastasis. While calcitriol treatment did not decrease cell proliferation in BVECyp24a1-null cells, it strengthened antitumor responses to the BRAFV600E inhibitor PLX4720 in both BVECyp24a1-null and BVECyp24a1-wt cells. Our findings offer direct evidence that Cyp24a1 functions as an oncogene in PTC, where its overexpression activates multiple signaling cascades to promote malignant progression and resistance to PLX4720 treatment. Cancer Res; 77(8); 2161-72. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjing Zou
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essa Y Baitei
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda A BinEssa
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Futwan A Al-Mohanna
- Department of Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ranjit S Parhar
- Department of Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - René St-Arnaud
- Department of Surgery and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; and Research Centre, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Shioko Kimura
- Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Catrin Pritchard
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester, UK
| | - Ali S Alzahrani
- Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Assiri
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Brian F Meyer
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yufei Shi
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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