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Cai B, Song W, Chen S, Sun J, Zhou R, Han Z, Wan J. Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Ameliorated Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Lung Injury Via the miR-21-5p/PCSK6 Pathway. J Immunol Res 2023; 2023:3291137. [PMID: 37937296 PMCID: PMC10626970 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3291137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a life-threatening disease that currently lacks a cure. Although stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have shown promising effects in the treatment of ALI, their underlying mechanisms and responsible components have yet to be identified. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 6 (PCSK6) is a gene involved in inflammation and a potential target of miR-21-5p, a microRNA enriched in stem cell-derived sEVs. The current study investigated the role of PCSK6 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI and its interaction with miR-21-5p. Notably, our results showed that PCSK6 expression was positively correlated with LPS stimulation. Knockdown of PCSK6 ameliorated LPS-induced inhibition of proliferation and upregulation of permeability in human BEAS-2B cells, whereas PCSK6 overexpression displayed the opposite effects. BEAS-2B cells were able to actively internalize the cocultured bone mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived sEVs (BMSC-sEVs), which alleviated the cell damage caused by LPS. Overexpressing PCSK6, however, eliminated the therapeutic effects of BMSC-sEV coculture. Mechanistically, BMSC-sEVs inhibited PCSK6 expression via the delivery of miR-21-5p, which is directly bound to the PCSK6 gene. Our work provides evidence for the role of PCSK6 in LPS-induced ALI and identified miR-21-5p as a component of BMSC-derived sEVs that suppressed PCSK6 expression and ameliorated LPS-induced cell damage. These results reveal a novel molecular mechanism for ALI pathogenesis and highlight the therapeutic potential of using sEVs released by stem cells to deliver miR-21-5p for ALI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Cai
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, No. 490 Chuansha South Road, Pudong New Area, 201299, Shanghai, China
| | - Weidong Song
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, No. 490 Chuansha South Road, Pudong New Area, 201299, Shanghai, China
| | - Song Chen
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, No. 490 Chuansha South Road, Pudong New Area, 201299, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, No. 490 Chuansha South Road, Pudong New Area, 201299, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, No. 490 Chuansha South Road, Pudong New Area, 201299, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Han
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, No. 490 Chuansha South Road, Pudong New Area, 201299, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wan
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, No. 490 Chuansha South Road, Pudong New Area, 201299, Shanghai, China
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Cucinotta L, Mannino D, Casili G, Repici A, Crupi L, Paterniti I, Esposito E, Campolo M. Prolyl oligopeptidase inhibition ameliorates experimental pulmonary fibrosis both in vivo and in vitro. Respir Res 2023; 24:211. [PMID: 37626373 PMCID: PMC10463606 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02519-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive disease characterized by lung remodeling due to excessive deposition of extracellular matrix. Although the etiology remains unknown, aberrant angiogenesis and inflammation play an important role in the development of this pathology. In this context, recent scientific research has identified new molecules involved in angiogenesis and inflammation, such as the prolyl oligopeptidase (PREP), a proteolytic enzyme belonging to the serine protease family, linked to the pathology of many lung diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a selective inhibitor of PREP, known as KYP-2047, in an in vitro and in an in vivo model of pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS The in vitro model was performed using human alveolar A549 cells. Cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 10 μg/ml and then, cells were treated with KYP-2047 at the concentrations of 1 μM, 10 μM and 50 μM. Cell viability was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) bromide colorimetric assay, while inflammatory protein expression was assessed by western blots analysis. The in vivo model was induced in mice by intra-tracheal administration of bleomycin (1 mg/kg) and then treated intraperitoneally with KYP-2047 at doses of 1, 2.5 and 5 mg/kg once daily for 12 days and then mice were sacrificed, and lung tissues were collected for analyses. RESULTS The in vitro results demonstrated that KYP-2047 preserved cell viability, reduced inflammatory process by decreasing IL-18 and TNF-α, and modulated lipid peroxidation as well as nitrosative stress. The in vivo pulmonary fibrosis has demonstrated that KYP-2047 was able to restore histological alterations reducing lung injury. Our data demonstrated that KYP-2047 significantly reduced angiogenesis process and the fibrotic damage modulating the expression of fibrotic markers. Furthermore, KYP-2047 treatment modulated the IκBα/NF-κB pathway and reduced the expression of related pro-inflammatory enzymes and cytokines. Moreover, KYP-2047 was able to modulate the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, highly involved in pulmonary fibrosis. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this study demonstrated the involvement of PREP in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis and that its inhibition by KYP-2047 has a protective role in lung injury induced by BLM, suggesting PREP as a potential target therapy for pulmonary fibrosis. These results speculate the potential protective mechanism of KYP-2047 through the modulation of JAK2/STAT3 and NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cucinotta
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 7 Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31-98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Deborah Mannino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 7 Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31-98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanna Casili
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 7 Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31-98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Alberto Repici
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 7 Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31-98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Lelio Crupi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 7 Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31-98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Irene Paterniti
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 7 Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31-98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 7 Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31-98166, Messina, Italy.
| | - Michela Campolo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 7 Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31-98166, Messina, Italy
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Siraitia grosvenorii Extract Attenuates Airway Inflammation in a Murine Model of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Induced by Cigarette Smoke and Lipopolysaccharide. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020468. [PMID: 36678340 PMCID: PMC9865488 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We studied the activities of Siraitia grosvenorii extracts (SGE) on airway inflammation in a mouse model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) stimulated by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as well as in LPS-treated human bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS-2B). SGE improved the viability of LPS-incubated BEAS-2B cells and inhibited the expression and production of inflammatory cytokines. SGE also attenuated the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling activated by LPS stimulation in BEAS-2B cells. In mice stimulated by CSE and LPS, we observed the infiltration of immune cells into the airway after COPD induction. SGE reduced the number of activated T cells, B cells, and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF), lung tissue, mesenteric lymph node, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells, as well as inhibited infiltration into organs and mucus production. The secretion of cytokines in BALF and the expression level of pro-inflammatory cytokines, mucin 5AC, Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1, and Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 in lung tissue were alleviated by SGE. In addition, to investigate the activity of SGE on expectoration, we evaluated phenol red secretions in the trachea of mice. SGE administration showed the effect of improving expectoration through an increase in phenol red secretion. Consequently, SGE attenuates the airway inflammatory response in CSE/LPS-stimulated COPD. These findings indicate that SGE may be a potential herbal candidate for the therapy of COPD.
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Marhuenda E, Villarino A, Narciso M, Elowsson L, Almendros I, Westergren-Thorsson G, Farré R, Gavara N, Otero J. Development of a physiomimetic model of acute respiratory distress syndrome by using ECM hydrogels and organ-on-a-chip devices. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:945134. [PMID: 36188621 PMCID: PMC9517737 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.945134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome is one of the more common fatal complications in COVID-19, characterized by a highly aberrant inflammatory response. Pre-clinical models to study the effect of cell therapy and anti-inflammatory treatments have not comprehensively reproduced the disease due to its high complexity. This work presents a novel physiomimetic in vitro model for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome using lung extracellular matrix-derived hydrogels and organ-on-a-chip devices. Monolayres of primary alveolar epithelial cells were cultured on top of decellullarized lung hydrogels containing primary lung mesenchymal stromal cells. Then, cyclic stretch was applied to mimic breathing, and an inflammatory response was induced by using a bacteriotoxin hit. Having simulated the inflamed breathing lung environment, we assessed the effect of an anti-inflammatory drug (i.e., dexamethasone) by studying the secretion of the most relevant inflammatory cytokines. To better identify key players in our model, the impact of the individual factors (cyclic stretch, decellularized lung hydrogel scaffold, and the presence of mesenchymal stromal cells) was studied separately. Results showed that developed model presented a more reduced inflammatory response than traditional models, which is in line with what is expected from the response commonly observed in patients. Further, from the individual analysis of the different stimuli, it was observed that the use of extracellular matrix hydrogels obtained from decellularized lungs had the most significant impact on the change of the inflammatory response. The developed model then opens the door for further in vitro studies with a better-adjusted response to the inflammatory hit and more robust results in the test of different drugs or cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Marhuenda
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, University de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alvaro Villarino
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, University de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Narciso
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, University de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- The Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Linda Elowsson
- Lung Biology, Biomedical Center, Department of Medical Science,Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Isaac Almendros
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, University de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ramon Farré
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, University de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Gavara
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, University de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- The Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Otero
- Unitat de Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, University de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- The Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Jorge Otero,
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Dermal fibroblast cells interactions with single and triple bacterial-species biofilms. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:3393-3404. [PMID: 34009564 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06391-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Polymicrobial biofilm leads to wound healing delay. We set up an in vitro co-culture model of single- and triple-species biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis with dermal fibroblast to assess the fibroblast response against to the different biofilms. Scratch and viability assays and biofilm cell quantifications were performed by WST-1, CLSM and plating method, respectively. Quorum sensing-related gene expression levels in P. aeruginosa and E. faecalis were analysed by reverse-transcriptase PCR. The immune responses of cells against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and E. faecalis biofilms were measured by cytokine and matrix metalloproteinase analyzes. The influence of biofilm soluble factors on fibroblasts was also determined. After 24 h, triple-species biofilm cells caused the removal of the fibroblasts from the surfaces indicating the negative synergistic effect of three species. After co-cultures, twenty-five cytokines were significantly increased in fibroblast cells compared to control. Compared to other strains, the most important cytokine, chemokine and growth factors increased was observed in P. aeruginosa co-cultures with fibroblast. While the expressions of fsrB and gelE genes were significantly upregulated in E. faecalis biofilm cells cultured with fibroblast cells, no significant difference was observed in P. aeruginosa. The wound healing and cell growth of fibroblasts were disrupted more aggressively in the presence of P. aeruginosa and triple-species biofilm cells. P. aeruginosa generally induced a stronger immune response in the fibroblasts than E. faecalis and S. aureus.
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Liu Y, Li X, He C, Chen R, Wei L, Meng L, Zhang C. Emodin ameliorates ovalbumin-induced airway remodeling in mice by suppressing airway smooth muscle cells proliferation. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 88:106855. [PMID: 32777676 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Increased number of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) is a characteristic of airway remodeling in asthma. In this study we investigated whether emodin alleviated airway remodeling in a murine asthma model and reduced the proliferation of ASMCs in vitro. We provided in vivo evidence suggesting that intraperitoneal injection of emodin (20 mg/kg) 1 h prior to OVA challenge apparently alleviated the thickness of airway smooth muscle, the mass of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen deposition, epithelial damage, goblet cell hyperplasia, airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in lung tissue. Meanwhile, we found that emodin suppressed the activation of the Akt pathway in lungtissue of allergic mouse models. Additionally, we found that emodin inhibited cellular proliferation and Akt activation in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. Furthermore, LY294002, an inhibitor for PI3K, abrogated serum-induced phosphorylation of Akt, and decreased the proliferation of ASMCs. These findings indicated that emodin alleviated ASMCs proliferation by inhibiting PI3K/Akt pathway in vivo and in vitro, which may provide a potential therapeutic option for airway smooth muscle remodeling in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Chao He
- Department of General Surgery, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Ran Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Li Wei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Ling Meng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, Shandong, China.
| | - Caiqing Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Guo R, Li Y, Han M, Liu J, Sun Y. Emodin attenuates acute lung injury in Cecal-ligation and puncture rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 85:106626. [PMID: 32492627 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a major cause of sepsis-induced acute respiratory failure. Emodin has been considered to play a protective role for acute lung edema in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis model. In this study we aimed to investigate whether emodin could improve CLP-induced lung sepsis via regulating aquaporin (AQP) and tight junction (TJ), inflammatory factors, and pulmonary apoptosis. The results showed that sepsis-induced pulmonary pathological changes were significantly improved after emodin treatment. Emodin was found to upregulate AQP and TJ expression in the CLP model. Meanwhile, inflammatory cytokine release and pulmonary apoptosis was remarkably reduced after emodin treatment in lung sepsis. Our data demonstrated that emodin could suppresse inflammation, restore pulmonary epithelial barrier and reduce mortality in CLP-induced ALI, suggesting the potential therapeutic application of emodin in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin Guo
- Department of Emergency, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yanjun Li
- Department of Emergency, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Min Han
- Department of Emergency, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Emergency, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yanni Sun
- Department of Emergency, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Zhu HP, Huang HY, Wu DM, Dong N, Dong L, Chen CS, Chen CL, Chen YG. Regulatory mechanism of NOV/CCN3 in the inflammation and apoptosis of lung epithelial alveolar cells upon lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Mol Med Rep 2019; 21:1872-1880. [PMID: 31545412 PMCID: PMC7057825 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces inflammatory stress and apoptosis. Pulmonary epithelial cell apoptosis has been shown to accelerate the progression of acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and is the leading cause of mortality in patients with ALI/ARDS. Nephroblastoma overexpressed (NOV; also known as CCN3), an inflammatory modulator, is reported to be a biomarker in ALI. Using an LPS-induced ALI model, we investigated the expression of CCN3 and its possible molecular mechanism involved in lung alveolar epithelial cell inflammation and apoptosis. Our data revealed that LPS treatment greatly increased the level of CCN3 in human lung alveolar type II epithelial cells (A549 cell line). The A549 cells were also transfected with a specific CCN3 small interfering RNA (siRNA). CCN3 knockdown not only largely attenuated the expression of inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, but also reduced the apoptotic rate of the A549 cells and altered the expression of apoptosis-associated proteins (Bcl-2 and caspase-3). Furthermore, CCN3 knockdown greatly inhibited the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65 in the A549 cells, and TGF-β/p-Smad and NF-κB inhibitors significantly decreased the expression level of CCN3 in A549 cells. In conclusion, our data indicate that CCN3 knockdown affects the expression of downstream genes through the TGF-β/p-Smad or NF-κB pathways, leading to the inhibition of cell inflammation and apoptosis in human alveolar epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ping Zhu
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Chest Pain Center, Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary‑Cerebral Resuscitation Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Ya Huang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Deng-Min Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Nian Dong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Li Dong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Shui Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Chao-Lei Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Guo Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Chest Pain Center, Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary‑Cerebral Resuscitation Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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Ruffin M, Brochiero E. Repair Process Impairment by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Epithelial Tissues: Major Features and Potential Therapeutic Avenues. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:182. [PMID: 31214514 PMCID: PMC6554286 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial tissues protecting organs from the environment are the first-line of defense against pathogens. Therefore, efficient repair mechanisms after injury are crucial to maintain epithelial integrity. However, these healing processes can be insufficient to restore epithelial integrity, notably in infectious conditions. Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in cutaneous, corneal, and respiratory tract epithelia are of particular concern because they are the leading causes of hospitalizations, disabilities, and deaths worldwide. Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been shown to alter repair processes, leading to chronic wounds and infections. Because of the current increase in the incidence of multi-drug resistant isolates of P. aeruginosa, complementary approaches to decrease the negative impact of these bacteria on epithelia are urgently needed. Here, we review the recent advances in the understanding of the impact of P. aeruginosa infections on the integrity and repair mechanisms of alveolar, airway, cutaneous and corneal epithelia. Potential therapeutic avenues aimed at counteracting this deleterious impact of infection are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Ruffin
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, CRSA, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Brochiero
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Liu D, Cao S, Zhou Y, Xiong Y. Recent advances in endotoxin tolerance. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:56-70. [PMID: 30246452 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Endotoxin tolerance is defined as a reduced capacity of a cell to respond endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) challenge after an initial encounter with endotoxin in advance. The body becomes tolerant to subsequent challenge with a lethal dose of endotoxin and cytokines release and cell/tissue damage induced by inflammatory reaction are significantly reduced in the state of endotoxin tolerance. The main characteristics of endotoxin tolerance are downregulation of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) and upregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β). Therefore, endotoxin tolerance is often regarded as the regulatory mechanism of the host against excessive inflammation. Endotoxin tolerance is a complex pathophysiological process and involved in multiple cellular signal pathways, receptor alterations, and biological molecules. However, the exact mechanism remains elusive up to date. To better understand the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of endotoxin tolerance, it is crucial to investigate the comprehensive cellular signal pathways, signaling proteins, cell surface molecules, proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and other mediators. Endotoxin tolerance plays an important role in reducing the mortality of sepsis, endotoxin shock, and other endotoxin-related diseases. Recent reports indicated that endotoxin tolerance is also related to other diseases such as cystic fibrosis, acute coronary syndrome, liver ischemia-reperfusion injury, and cancer. The aim of this review is to discuss the recent advances in endotoxin tolerance mainly based on the cellular and molecular mechanisms by outline the current state of the knowledge of the involvement of the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathways, negative regulate factor, microRNAs, apoptosis, chromatin modification, and gene reprogramming of immune cells in endotoxin tolerance. We hope to provide a new idea and scientific basis for the rational treatment of endotoxin-related diseases such as endotoxemia, sepsis, and endotoxin shock clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shousong Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yejiang Zhou
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuxia Xiong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Wang PY, Chen L, Zhou J, Fang HS, Wu ZB, Song BA, Yang S. Synthesis and bioactivities of 1-aryl-4-hydroxy-1H-pyrrol-2(5H)-one derivatives bearing 1,3,4-oxadiazole moiety. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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