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Jaiswal SG, Choudhary M, Gawande M, Gadbail AR, Hande A, Jaiswal G. Quantification of CD44, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, E-cadherin, and Vimentin in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma as an Indicator for Disease Progression and Survival. Cureus 2024; 16:e63000. [PMID: 39050298 PMCID: PMC11266838 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.63000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is commonly associated with early recurrence due to loco-regional spread. Changes at the cellular levels can be studied and are often an early indicator of disease progression, much before clinical symptoms become visible. Identifying parameters indicating an impending recurrence could help the clinician plan for early treatment and thus improve survival. Hence, this study aimed to determine if quantifiable parameters could be established for CD44, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), E-cadherin, and vimentin and if these values could be used as indicators of disease progression on follow-up. METHOD A total of 150 cases of OSCC were included in the study and followed up linearly for 36 months. Paraffin-embedded tissues of these cases were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis for reactivity to CD44, EGFR, E-cadherin, and vimentin. The immunohistochemical staining correlated with the tumor's clinical and histological grade. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS Statistics version 17 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were deployed for determining the correlation of recurrence with the immunohistochemistry (IHC) markers, while the Kaplan-Meier curve was employed for survival analysis. RESULTS A recurrence rate of 70.0% and a survival rate of 66.6% were noted after a follow-up period of three years. It was found that both CD44 and E-cadherin decreased with the grade of tumor, while EGFR and vimentin increased with tumor de-differentiation. The E-cadherin was found to be the best predictor of recurrence and survival among all the four markers. CONCLUSION The cut-off values could be identified for all four biomarkers, which on follow-up proved to be a valuable tool with a high sensitivity and specificity for predicting recurrence and three-year survival in patients with OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shradha G Jaiswal
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sri Aurobindo College of Dentistry, Indore, IND
| | - Minal Choudhary
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND
| | - Madhuri Gawande
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND
| | - Amol R Gadbail
- Dentistry, Indira Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Nagpur, IND
| | - Alka Hande
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND
| | - Gagan Jaiswal
- Periodontics, College of Dental Science and Hospital, Indore, IND
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Said R, Hernández-Losa J, Derouiche A, Moline T, de Haro RSL, Zouari S, Blel A, Rammeh S, Ouerhani S. Correlation between E-cadherin/β-catenin, Vimentin expression, clinicopathologic features and drug resistance prediction in naïve prostate cancer: A molecular and clinical study. Genesis 2024; 62:e23543. [PMID: 37649322 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Although epithelial-mesenchymal markers play an important role in prostate cancer (PC), further research is needed to better understand their utility in diagnosis, cancer progression prevention, and treatment resistance prediction. Our study included 111 PC patients who underwent transurethral resection, as well as 16 healthy controls. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to examine the expression of E-cadherin, β-catenin, and Vimentin. We found that E-cadherin and β-catenin were underexpressed in primary PC tissues. E-cadherin expression was found to be inversely associated with prostate-specific antigen progression (PSA-P; serum marker of progression; p = 0.01; |r| = 0.262). Furthermore, the underexpression of two markers, E-cadherin and β-catenin, was found to be associated with advanced tumor stage and grade (p < 0.05). On the other hand, Vimentin was overexpressed in PC patients with a fold change of 2.141, and it was associated with the diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of treatment resistance to androgen deprivation therapy (p = 0.002), abiraterone-acid (p = 0.001), and taxanes (p = 0.029). Moreover, the current study highlighted that poor survival could be significantly found in patients who progressed after primary surgery, did not use drugs, and expressed these genes aberrantly. In Cox regression multivariate analysis (p < 0.05), a positive correlation between the Vimentin marker and coronary heart disease in PC patients was identified (p = 0.034). In summary, the present study highlights the diagnostic (p < 0.001), prognostic (p < 0.001), and therapeutic potential of Vimentin in primary PC (p < 0.05), as well as its implications for cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, we confirm the potential prognostic value of E-cadherin and β-catenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahma Said
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bio-active Molecules, National Institute of Applied Science and Technology, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Jendouba, Tunisia
| | - Javier Hernández-Losa
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amine Derouiche
- Urology Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Teresa Moline
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Somoza Lopez de Haro
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Skander Zouari
- Urology Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ahlem Blel
- Pathology Anatomy and Cytology Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Soumaya Rammeh
- Pathology Anatomy and Cytology Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Slah Ouerhani
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bio-active Molecules, National Institute of Applied Science and Technology, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
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Kovacs D, Flori E, Bastonini E, Mosca S, Migliano E, Cota C, Zaccarini M, Briganti S, Cardinali G. Targeting Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase Counteracts the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Keratinocyte-Derived Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17379. [PMID: 38139209 PMCID: PMC10743516 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system regulates physiological processes, and the modulation of endogenous endocannabinoid (eCB) levels is an attractive tool to contrast the development of pathological skin conditions including cancers. Inhibiting FAAH (fatty acid amide hydrolase), the degradation enzyme of the endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA) leads to the increase in AEA levels, thus enhancing its biological effects. Here, we evaluated the anticancer property of the FAAH inhibitor URB597, investigating its potential to counteract epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process crucially involved in tumor progression. The effects of the compound were determined in primary human keratinocytes, ex vivo skin explants, and the squamous carcinoma cell line A431. Our results demonstrate that URB597 is able to hinder the EMT process by downregulating mesenchymal markers and reducing migratory potential. These effects are associated with the dampening of the AKT/STAT3 signal pathways and reduced release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and tumorigenic lipid species. The ability of URB597 to contrast the EMT process provides insight into effective approaches that may also include the use of FAAH inhibitors for the treatment of skin cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Kovacs
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (D.K.); (E.F.); (E.B.); (S.M.); (S.B.)
| | - Enrica Flori
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (D.K.); (E.F.); (E.B.); (S.M.); (S.B.)
| | - Emanuela Bastonini
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (D.K.); (E.F.); (E.B.); (S.M.); (S.B.)
| | - Sarah Mosca
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (D.K.); (E.F.); (E.B.); (S.M.); (S.B.)
| | - Emilia Migliano
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Carlo Cota
- Genetic Research, Molecular Biology and Dermatopathology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (M.Z.)
| | - Marco Zaccarini
- Genetic Research, Molecular Biology and Dermatopathology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (C.C.); (M.Z.)
| | - Stefania Briganti
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (D.K.); (E.F.); (E.B.); (S.M.); (S.B.)
| | - Giorgia Cardinali
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy; (D.K.); (E.F.); (E.B.); (S.M.); (S.B.)
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Ali AN, Ghoneim SM, Ahmed ER, El-Farouk Abdel Salam LO, Anis Saleh SM. Cadherin switching in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A clinicopathological study. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2023; 13:486-494. [PMID: 37293580 PMCID: PMC10245331 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide as it represents the sixth most common cancer. Numerous molecular mechanisms have been explained to regulate OSCC progression, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Cadherin switching is the pivotal process that controls EMT in which E-cadherin reduces while N-cadherin elevates. This work aimed to clarify the role of cadherin switching in OSCC. Material and methods Thirty paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of OSCC including six cases with lymph node metastasis were subjected to immunohistochemical staining using antibodies against E&N-cadherins. Cell cultures were performed using OSCC cell lines (SCC-15/SCC-25) from the human tongue. F-12K medium (Kaighn's Modification of Ham's F12 Medium) was added as EMT inducing media. E&N-cadherin mRNA gene expression levels were detected by real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results Cadherin switching through N-cadherin elevation and E-cadherin reduction was evaluated at the histopathologic level in primary and metastatic OSCC as well as at the genetic level within OSCC cell culture. Cadherin switching showed a significant correlation between E&N-cadherins at different histopathological grades of OSCC and in metastatic OSCC. Moreover, the level of mRNA gene expression of E&N-cadherins in human 15 SCC and 25 SCC cell lines with EMT-inducing media exhibited a significant correlation. Conclusions Cadherin switching is a crucial event in the EMT process. It may be used as a significant tool in the study of OSCC progression. Cadherin switching plays a significant role in the invasion and metastasis of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Noaman Ali
- Oral Pathology, Oral Pathology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Egypt
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Overexpression of E-Cadherin Is a Favorable Prognostic Biomarker in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020239. [PMID: 36829516 PMCID: PMC9953277 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is characterized by poor survival, mostly due to local invasion, loco-regional recurrence, and metastasis. Given that the weakening of cell-to-cell adhesion is a feature associated with the migration and invasion of cancer cells, different studies have explored the prognostic utility of cell adhesion molecules such as E-cadherin (E-cad). This study aims to summarize current evidence in a meta-analysis, focusing on the prognostic role of E-cad in OSCC. To find studies meeting inclusion criteria, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, Medline, and OpenGrey databases were systematically assessed and screened. The selection process led to 25 studies, which were considered eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis, representing a sample of 2553 patients. E-cad overexpression was strongly associated with longer overall survival (OS) with Hazard Ratio (HR) = 0.41 95% confidence interval (95% CI) (0.32-0.54); p < 0.001 and disease-free survival with HR 0.47 95% CI (0.37-0.61); p < 0.001. In terms of OS, patients with tongue cancer experienced better survivability when expressing E-cad with HR 0.28 95% CI (0.19-0.43); p < 0.001. Globally, our findings indicate the prognostic role of the immunohistochemical assessment of E-cad in OSCC and its expression might acquire a different role based on the oral cavity subsites.
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An Overview of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Mesenchymal-to-Epithelial Transition in Canine Tumors: How Far Have We Come? Vet Sci 2022; 10:vetsci10010019. [PMID: 36669020 PMCID: PMC9865109 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, pre-clinical and clinical studies in human medicine have provided new insights, pushing forward the contemporary knowledge. The new results represented a motivation for investigators in specific fields of veterinary medicine, who addressed the same research topics from different perspectives in studies based on experimental and spontaneous animal disease models. The study of different pheno-genotypic contexts contributes to the confirmation of translational models of pathologic mechanisms. This review provides an overview of EMT and MET processes in both human and canine species. While human medicine rapidly advances, having a large amount of information available, veterinary medicine is not at the same level. This situation should provide motivation for the veterinary medicine research field, to apply the knowledge on humans to research in pets. By merging the knowledge of these two disciplines, better and faster results can be achieved, thus improving human and canine health.
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Notum leads to potential pro-survival of OSCC through crosstalk between Shh and Wnt/β-catenin signaling via p-GSK3β. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 153:106316. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Long noncoding RNA CLAN promotes lymphangiogenesis in the colorectal carcinoma. Virchows Arch 2022; 481:847-852. [PMID: 36301367 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-022-03439-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is the main cause of colorectal cancer (CRC)-related death and lymph node plays a vital role in this process. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as an important factor of biological progress in cancers. However, lncRNAs related to CRC metastasis was rarely reported.CLAN expression data of tumor tissues and normal tissues were obtained from GEPIA database and 23 paired tumor and normal samples of patients. CLAN expression of 85 patients was carried out with RNA extracted from FFPE samples and quantified with qRT-PCR. Patients' clinical features were collected from department of Pathology of the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect the metastasis-related proteins.CLAN was highly expressed in tumor tissues. And the expression level was not correlated with age, gender, differentiation, and location of CRC patients. Also, CLAN expression did not correlated with budding, LVI, and TILs. However, CLAN expression was strongly associated with lymph node metastasis and higher TNM stage. CLAN changed the lymphatic vessel density by promoting lymphangiogenesis but CLAN did not affect the blood vessel density.CLAN was a unique lncRNA that promoted lymphangiogenesis to accelerate CRC metastasis. CLAN might play a unique role in tumor early dissemination through lymphatic vessel.
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The Emerging Impact of Tumor Budding in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Main Issues and Clinical Relevance of a New Prognostic Marker. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153571. [PMID: 35892830 PMCID: PMC9332070 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor Budding (TB) represents a single cancer cell or a small cluster of less than five cancer cells on the infiltrative tumor front. Accumulating evidence suggests TB is an independent prognostic factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, its exact role is not yet elucidated, and a standardized scoring system is still necessary. The study aims to extensively review the literature data regarding the prognostic role of TB in OSCC. The results of TB are an independent prognostic factor of poor survival outcomes in OSCC. To date, the manual detection of hematoxylin and eosin-staining or pancytokeratin-immunostaining sections are the most commonly used methods. Between the several cut-offs, the two-tier system with five buds/field cut-offs provides better risk stratification. The prognostic role of the BD model in predicting survival outcomes was extensively validated; however, the inclusion of DOI, which is already a staging parameter, encouraged other authors to propose other models, integrating TB count with other adverse risk factors, such as the tumor–stroma ratio and tumor-infiltrated lymphocytes. The prognostic relevance of TB in OSCC highlights its evaluation in daily pathological practice. Therefore, the TB detection method and the TB scoring system should be validated based on tumor stage and site.
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2D-DIGE-Based Proteomic Profiling with Validations Identifies Vimentin as a Secretory Biomarker Useful for Early Detection and Poor Prognosis in Oral Cancers. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:4215097. [PMID: 35498535 PMCID: PMC9054473 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4215097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) is an aggressive cancer with high morbidity and mortality rates, despite multimodality management. There are currently no clinically relevant molecular markers that identify patients at higher risk of recurrence and failure. We undertook 2D-DIGE proteomic profiling to study the differentially expressed proteins in OTSCC evaluating their role in prognosis. 2D-DIGE coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was performed on tissues obtained from early staged OTSCC along with its paired apparently adjacent normal tissue samples (n = 10). Top upregulated protein was validated using immunohistochemistry (n = 345), comprising of retrospective early stage OTSCC (n = 150) and prospective series of oral precancers, normal, and oral cancers (n = 195). Saliva samples collected from oral cancer and precancer samples were analyzed by ELISA (n = 146). We found statistically significant differential expression in 151 proteins out of 700 proteins quantified. Top ten differentially regulated proteins were identified using mass spectrometry analysis. We found vimentin, the mesenchymal protein, to be the most upregulated protein in tongue tumor tissues compared to adjacent apparent normal tissues. Vimentin was found to be significantly overexpressed in oral precancers along with cancers compared to normal tissues. The vimentin expression correlated significantly with differentiated states of oral precancers and cancers. Vimentin was also detected at significantly higher levels in saliva collected from oral precancer and cancer patients compared to normal healthy volunteers. Validation of vimentin in an independent series of retrospective early staged OTSCC showed that the vimentin expression is significantly associated with treatment failures and poorer DFS. The vimentin expression is useful as both poor prognostic and early detection marker in oral cancer. Vimentin detection in saliva can be a diagnostic test to detect oral precancers that may have malignant potential, needing closer follow-up, and disease monitoring.
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BOZGEYİK E, EGE B, KOPARAL M, CEYLAN O. Clinical significance of Vimentin antisense RNA 1 and its correlation with other epithelial to mesenchymal transition markers in oral cancers. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 232:153807. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.153807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Mogre S, Makani V, Pradhan S, Devre P, More S, Vaidya M, Dmello C. Biomarker Potential of Vimentin in Oral Cancers. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:150. [PMID: 35207438 PMCID: PMC8879320 DOI: 10.3390/life12020150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral carcinogenesis is a multistep process. As much as 5% to 85% of oral tumors can develop from potentially malignant disorders (PMD). Although the oral cavity is accessible for visual examination, the ability of current clinical or histological methods to predict the lesions that can progress to malignancy is limited. Thus, developing biological markers that will serve as an adjunct to histodiagnosis has become essential. Our previous studies comprehensively demonstrated that aberrant vimentin expression in oral premalignant lesions correlates to the degree of malignancy. Likewise, overwhelming research from various groups show a substantial contribution of vimentin in oral cancer progression. In this review, we have described studies on vimentin in oral cancers, to make a compelling case for vimentin as a prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saie Mogre
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;
| | - Vidhi Makani
- Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre (TMC), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India; (V.M.); (S.P.); (P.D.)
| | - Swapnita Pradhan
- Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre (TMC), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India; (V.M.); (S.P.); (P.D.)
| | - Pallavi Devre
- Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre (TMC), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India; (V.M.); (S.P.); (P.D.)
| | - Shyam More
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel & Immunobiology Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA;
| | - Milind Vaidya
- Vaidya Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre (TMC), Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, India; (V.M.); (S.P.); (P.D.)
| | - Crismita Dmello
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern Medicine Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Ramos-García P, González-Moles MÁ. Prognostic and Clinicopathological Significance of the Aberrant Expression of β-Catenin in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030479. [PMID: 35158747 PMCID: PMC8833491 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary β-catenin is a multifunctional protein whose physiological functions are mainly related to the maintenance of cell-cell adhesion by forming complexes with the adhesion molecule E-cadherin, both responsible for the preservation of squamous epithelia homeostasis. The loss of β-catenin expression in the cell membrane, the failure of cytoplasmic degradation mechanisms—essentially related to the activation of Wnt canonical oncogenic pathway—and/or its translocation to the nucleus—developing actions as a transcription factor of oncogenes—are aberrant mechanisms with oncogenic implications in oral carcinogenesis. In this systematic review and meta-analysis on 41 studies and 2746 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients we demonstrate that the aberrant expression of β-catenin—mainly the immunohistochemical analysis of its loss in the cell membrane—behaves as a prognostic biomarker, significantly associated with poor survival, essentially linked to the increased risk for the development of lymph node metastases, higher tumour size and clinical stage in these patients. Abstract This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the prognostic and clinicopathological significance of the aberrant expression of β-catenin (assessed through the immunohistochemical loss of membrane expression, cytoplasmic and nuclear expression) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We searched for primary-level studies published before October-2021 through PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar, with no limitation in regard to their publication date or language. We evaluated the methodological quality and risk of bias of the studies included using the QUIPS tool, carried out meta-analyses, explored heterogeneity and their sources across subgroups and meta-regression, and conducted sensitivity and small-study effects analyses. Forty-one studies (2746 patients) met inclusion criteria. The aberrant immunohistochemical expression of β-catenin was statistically associated with poor overall survival (HR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.20–2.60, p = 0.004), disease-free survival (HR = 2.44, 95% CI = 1.10–5.50, p = 0.03), N+ status (OR = 2.39, 95% CI = 1.68–3.40, p < 0.001), higher clinical stage (OR = 2.40, 95% CI = 1.58–3.63, p < 0.001), higher tumour size (OR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.23–2.53, p = 0.004), and moderately-poorly differentiated OSCC (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.09–2.25, p = 0.02). The loss of β-catenin in the cell membrane showed the largest effect size in most of meta-analyses (singularly for poor overall survival [HR = 2.37, 95% CI = 1.55–3.62, p < 0.001], N+ status [OR = 3.44, 95% CI = 2.40–4.93, p < 0.001] and higher clinical stage [OR = 2.51, 95% CI = 1.17–5.35, p = 0.02]). In conclusion, our findings indicate that immunohistochemical assessment of the aberrant expression of β-catenin could be incorporated as an additional and complementary routine prognostic biomarker for the assessment of patients with OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Ramos-García
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.R.-G.); (M.Á.G.-M.)
| | - Miguel Á. González-Moles
- School of Dentistry, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.R.-G.); (M.Á.G.-M.)
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Raimondi L, Gallo A, Cuscino N, De Luca A, Costa V, Carina V, Bellavia D, Bulati M, Alessandro R, Fini M, Conaldi PG, Giavaresi G. Potential Anti-Metastatic Role of the Novel miR-CT3 in Tumor Angiogenesis and Osteosarcoma Invasion. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:705. [PMID: 35054891 PMCID: PMC8775549 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone tumor mainly occurring in young adults and derived from primitive bone-forming mesenchyme. OS develops in an intricate tumor microenvironment (TME) where cellular function regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs) may affect communication between OS cells and the surrounding TME. Therefore, miRNAs are considered potential therapeutic targets in cancer and one of the goals of research is to accurately define a specific signature of a miRNAs, which could reflect the phenotype of a particular tumor, such as OS. Through NGS approach, we previously found a specific molecular profile of miRNAs in OS and discovered 8 novel miRNAs. Among these, we deepen our knowledge on the fifth candidate renamed now miR-CT3. MiR-CT3 expression was low in OS cells when compared with human primary osteoblasts and healthy bone. Through TargetScan, VEGF-A was predicted as a potential biological target of miR-CT3 and luciferase assay confirmed it. We showed that enforced expression of miR-CT3 in two OS cell lines, SAOS-2 and MG-63, reduced expression of VEGF-A mRNA and protein, inhibiting tumor angiogenesis. Enforced expression of miR-CT3 also reduced OS cell migration and invasion as confirmed by soft agar colony formation assay. Interestingly, we found that miR-CT3 behaves inducing the activation of p38 MAP kinase pathway and modulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) proteins, in particular reducing Vimentin expression. Overall, our study highlights the novel role of miR-CT3 in regulating tumor angiogenesis and progression in OS cells, linking also to the modulation of EMT proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Raimondi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, CS Surgical Sciences and Technologies–SS Omics Science Platform for Personalized Orthopedics, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.L.); (V.C.); (V.C.); (D.B.); (M.F.); (G.G.)
| | - Alessia Gallo
- IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta Specializzazione), Department of Research, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.G.); (N.C.); (M.B.); (P.G.C.)
| | - Nicola Cuscino
- IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta Specializzazione), Department of Research, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.G.); (N.C.); (M.B.); (P.G.C.)
| | - Angela De Luca
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, CS Surgical Sciences and Technologies–SS Omics Science Platform for Personalized Orthopedics, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.L.); (V.C.); (V.C.); (D.B.); (M.F.); (G.G.)
| | - Viviana Costa
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, CS Surgical Sciences and Technologies–SS Omics Science Platform for Personalized Orthopedics, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.L.); (V.C.); (V.C.); (D.B.); (M.F.); (G.G.)
| | - Valeria Carina
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, CS Surgical Sciences and Technologies–SS Omics Science Platform for Personalized Orthopedics, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.L.); (V.C.); (V.C.); (D.B.); (M.F.); (G.G.)
| | - Daniele Bellavia
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, CS Surgical Sciences and Technologies–SS Omics Science Platform for Personalized Orthopedics, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.L.); (V.C.); (V.C.); (D.B.); (M.F.); (G.G.)
| | - Matteo Bulati
- IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta Specializzazione), Department of Research, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.G.); (N.C.); (M.B.); (P.G.C.)
| | - Riccardo Alessandro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (B.N.D), Section of Biology and Genetics, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy;
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Milena Fini
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, CS Surgical Sciences and Technologies–SS Omics Science Platform for Personalized Orthopedics, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.L.); (V.C.); (V.C.); (D.B.); (M.F.); (G.G.)
| | - Pier Giulio Conaldi
- IRCCS-ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta Specializzazione), Department of Research, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.G.); (N.C.); (M.B.); (P.G.C.)
| | - Gianluca Giavaresi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, CS Surgical Sciences and Technologies–SS Omics Science Platform for Personalized Orthopedics, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (A.D.L.); (V.C.); (V.C.); (D.B.); (M.F.); (G.G.)
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15
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Liu M, Yang J, Xu B, Zhang X. Tumor metastasis: Mechanistic insights and therapeutic interventions. MedComm (Beijing) 2021; 2:587-617. [PMID: 34977870 PMCID: PMC8706758 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is responsible for the vast majority of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In contrast to numerous discoveries that reveal the detailed mechanisms leading to the formation of the primary tumor, the biological underpinnings of the metastatic disease remain poorly understood. Cancer metastasis is a complex process in which cancer cells escape from the primary tumor, settle, and grow at other parts of the body. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and anoikis resistance of tumor cells are the main forces to promote metastasis, and multiple components in the tumor microenvironment and their complicated crosstalk with cancer cells are closely involved in distant metastasis. In addition to the three cornerstones of tumor treatment, surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, novel treatment approaches including targeted therapy and immunotherapy have been established in patients with metastatic cancer. Although the cancer survival rate has been greatly improved over the years, it is still far from satisfactory. In this review, we provided an overview of the metastasis process, summarized the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the dissemination and distant metastasis of cancer cells, and reviewed the important advances in interventions for cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Liu
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology UnitState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Jing Yang
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology UnitState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Bushu Xu
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology UnitState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Xing Zhang
- Melanoma and Sarcoma Medical Oncology UnitState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineSun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouChina
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16
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Amini S, Zargaran M, Moghimbeigi A. Comparative study of laminin332-γ2 chain expression in oral lichen planus and squamous cell carcinoma by immunohistochemistry. Minerva Dent Oral Sci 2021; 71:53-58. [PMID: 34636214 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6329.21.04520-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Classification of oral lichen planus (OLP) as a condition with malignant potential is still controversial. One of the major properties of malignancy is invasion. Ln332-γ2 chain plays a critical role in invasive activity of cancer cells. This study aims to compare Ln332-γ2 chain expression in OLP, oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS Ln332-γ2 expression was evaluated in 16 epithelial hyperplasia with no dysplasia (group A), 16 OLP (group B), 18 OED (group C) and 18 OSCC (group D) by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Except in A group, Ln332-γ2 expression was detected in other groups. There was a significant difference in Ln332-γ2 expression among B, C and D groups as well as between B and D, C and D groups (P< 0.001). However, there was no significant difference between B and C groups (P= 0.999). CONCLUSIONS According to the findings of this study, the likelihood of similarity of OLP with premalignant dysplastic lesion can be suggested. This is not corroborating OLP definitive transformation to an OSCC. But it might be advisable that OLPs with >10% Ln332- γ2 expression may have a higher risk of cellular invasion occurrence and malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobhan Amini
- School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Massoumeh Zargaran
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran -
| | - Abbas Moghimbeigi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
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17
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Usman S, Waseem NH, Nguyen TKN, Mohsin S, Jamal A, Teh MT, Waseem A. Vimentin Is at the Heart of Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) Mediated Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4985. [PMID: 34638469 PMCID: PMC8507690 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a reversible plethora of molecular events where epithelial cells gain the phenotype of mesenchymal cells to invade the surrounding tissues. EMT is a physiological event during embryogenesis (type I) but also happens during fibrosis (type II) and cancer metastasis (type III). It is a multifaceted phenomenon governed by the activation of genes associated with cell migration, extracellular matrix degradation, DNA repair, and angiogenesis. The cancer cells employ EMT to acquire the ability to migrate, resist therapeutic agents and escape immunity. One of the key biomarkers of EMT is vimentin, a type III intermediate filament that is normally expressed in mesenchymal cells but is upregulated during cancer metastasis. This review highlights the pivotal role of vimentin in the key events during EMT and explains its role as a downstream as well as an upstream regulator in this highly complex process. This review also highlights the areas that require further research in exploring the role of vimentin in EMT. As a cytoskeletal protein, vimentin filaments support mechanical integrity of the migratory machinery, generation of directional force, focal adhesion modulation and extracellular attachment. As a viscoelastic scaffold, it gives stress-bearing ability and flexible support to the cell and its organelles. However, during EMT it modulates genes for EMT inducers such as Snail, Slug, Twist and ZEB1/2, as well as the key epigenetic factors. In addition, it suppresses cellular differentiation and upregulates their pluripotent potential by inducing genes associated with self-renewability, thus increasing the stemness of cancer stem cells, facilitating the tumour spread and making them more resistant to treatments. Several missense and frameshift mutations reported in vimentin in human cancers may also contribute towards the metastatic spread. Therefore, we propose that vimentin should be a therapeutic target using molecular technologies that will curb cancer growth and spread with reduced mortality and morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Usman
- Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Turner Str., London E1 2AT, UK; (S.U.); (T.K.N.N.); (A.J.); (M.-T.T.)
| | - Naushin H. Waseem
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath Str., London EC1V 9EL, UK;
| | - Thuan Khanh Ngoc Nguyen
- Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Turner Str., London E1 2AT, UK; (S.U.); (T.K.N.N.); (A.J.); (M.-T.T.)
| | - Sahar Mohsin
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 17666, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Ahmad Jamal
- Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Turner Str., London E1 2AT, UK; (S.U.); (T.K.N.N.); (A.J.); (M.-T.T.)
| | - Muy-Teck Teh
- Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Turner Str., London E1 2AT, UK; (S.U.); (T.K.N.N.); (A.J.); (M.-T.T.)
| | - Ahmad Waseem
- Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Turner Str., London E1 2AT, UK; (S.U.); (T.K.N.N.); (A.J.); (M.-T.T.)
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18
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Investigation of the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) Process in Equine Papillomavirus-2 (EcPV-2)-Positive Penile Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910588. [PMID: 34638929 PMCID: PMC8508821 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Equine penile squamous cell carcinoma (epSCC) is the most frequent tumor of the external male genitalia, representing 67.5% of equine genital cancers. epSCC is associated with papilloma virus (PV) infection and has been recently proposed as a model for human PV-induced squamous cell carcinomas. It has already been suggested that epSCC might undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This work aims to investigate in detail this process and the possible role of PV oncoproteins in epSCC. For this purpose, 18 penile SCCs were retrospectively selected and tested for both EcPV2 presence and oncoproteins (EcPV2 E6 and EcPV2 E7) expression. Moreover, immunohistochemical EMT characterization was carried out by analyzing the main epithelial markers (E-cadherin, β-catenin, and pan-cytokeratin AE3/AE1), the main mesenchymal markers (N-cadherin and vimentin), and the main EMT-related transcription factors (TWIST-1, ZEB-1). PCR analysis was positive for EcPV2 in 16 out of 18 samples. EMT was investigated in epSCC positive for EcPV2. The immunohistochemistry results suggested the presence of EMT processes in the neoplastic cells at the tumor invasive front. Moreover, the significant upregulation of RANKL, together with BCATN1, LEF1, and FOSL1 genes, might suggest a canonical Wnt pathway activation, similarly to what is reported in human penile squamous cell carcinomas
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19
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Kumar V, Panda A, Dash KC, Bhuyan L, Mahapatra N, Mishra P. Immunohistochemical Expression of the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition Proteins E-cadherin and ß-catenin in Grades of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2021; 13:S555-S560. [PMID: 34447152 PMCID: PMC8375807 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_562_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background E-Cadherin/β-Catenin protein complexes play a major role in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and vice versa. Such types of EMT are implicated physiologically during embryonic development and pathologically in tissue fibrosis and tumorigenesis. Aims The aim was the evaluation of E-Cadherin and β-Catenin immunoreactivity in various grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to correlate their pattern of expression. Materials and Methods Immunohistochemical expression of E-Cadherin/β-Catenin was evaluated in a total n = 30 tissue samples comprising of n = 10 well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (WDSCC), n = 10 moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (MDSCC), and n = 10 poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (PDSCC). Based on the intensity of staining, an immunoreactivity scoring was calculated. Statistical Analysis The scorings obtained were subjected to independent t-test, paired t-test, Chi-square test, and ANOVA test using SPSS version 20.0 statistical analysis software. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A significant difference was observed in the expression of β-Catenin between normal mucosa and WDSCC; normal mucosa and MDSCC. A gradual decrease in the immunoreactivity score of E-Cadherin is seen in WDSCC, MDSCC, and PDSCC. Conclusion Therefore, dysregulation of these proteins can lead to tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis. Further studies are warranted to specify the role of these EMT proteins as prognostic/therapeutic markers in patients suffering from OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Abikshyeet Panda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Kailash Chandra Dash
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Lipsa Bhuyan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Niva Mahapatra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Pallavi Mishra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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20
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Kim M, Gu W, Nakajima T, Higuchi T, Ogawa M, Shimizu T, Yamaguchi T, Takahashi A, Tsushima Y, Yokoo S. Texture analysis of [ 18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography for predicting the treatment response of postoperative recurrent or metastatic oral squamous cell carcinoma treated with cetuximab. Ann Nucl Med 2021; 35:871-880. [PMID: 34014508 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-021-01623-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the value of the texture analysis of fluorine-18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG-PET/CT) in predicting the treatment response of postoperative recurrent or metastatic oral squamous cell carcinoma (POR/M-OSCC) treated with cetuximab. METHODS A total of 14 patients undergoing 18F-FDG-PET/CT with POR/M-OSCC were divided into the responder and non-responder groups according to cetuximab response by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST). The regions of interest (ROI) were set at the POR/M-OSCC lesions with the highest uptake of 18F-FDG, and the volumetric and texture features were analyzed. The features with correlation coefficient of 0.6 or more were further evaluated using the logistic regression analysis to create a model. RESULTS The SHAPEVolume(vx), SHAPEVolume(mL), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and gray-level run-length matrix run-length nonuniformity (GLRLMRLNU) were significantly different between the responder (n = 6) and non-responder (n = 8) groups (p = 0.044, 0.042, 0.047, and 0.012, respectively). The model's area under the curve (AUC) was found to be 0.83, 0.83, 0.79, and 0.92, respectively. The heatmap with PET feature dendrogram showed four distinct clusters including them in patient's responder and non-responder groups. CONCLUSIONS Higher MTV, GLRLMRLNU, SHAPEVolume(vx), and SHAPEVolume(mL) in 18F-FDG-PET images may have the prediction values for treatment response with POR/M-OSCC treated with cetuximab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Plastic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Wenchao Gu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Takahito Nakajima
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Higuchi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masaru Ogawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Plastic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shimizu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Plastic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Plastic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Ayako Takahashi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yoshito Tsushima
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yokoo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Plastic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
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21
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Wang C, Huang Z, Zhang M, Xiong G, Chen X, Xie N. Prognostic value of tertiary lymphoid structures in early clinical stage oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2021; 50:776-784. [PMID: 34124806 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tertiary lymphoid structures have been observed in several solid tumors and suggested to be a favorable prognostic factor. However, the prognostic value of tertiary lymphoid structures for early clinical stage (cT1/2N0) oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of tertiary lymphoid structures in cT1/2N0 stage OTSCC. METHODS Ninety-seven patients with cT1/2N0 stage OTSCC were enrolled in this study. Tertiary lymphoid structures were assessed in paraffin sections with H.E and immunohistochemistry staining. Overall and disease-free survivals were evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess their prognostic value. RESULTS Tertiary lymphoid structures can be readily identified in cT1/2N0 stage OTSCC, including early tertiary lymphoid structures, primary follicle-like tertiary lymphoid structures, and secondary follicle-like tertiary lymphoid structures. Its frequency in OTSCC was 76.3% in the cohort. The presence of tertiary lymphoid structures was associated with favorable overall survival (p = 0.0176) and disease-free survival (p = 0.0183) in early clinical stage OTSCC. Cox regression models showed that tertiary lymphoid structures can serve as an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (HR = 0.434, 95% CI = 0.212-0.886, p = 0.022) and disease-free survival (HR = 0.459, 95% CI = 0.235-0.897, p = 0.023) in early clinical stage OTSCC. The group of low maturity of TLS combined with pN positive had the lowest overall survival (p = 0.0094) and disease-free survival (p = 0.0028). CONCLUSIONS Tertiary lymphoid structures are frequently observed in OTSCC. It is associated with a favorable prognosis for patients with cT1/2N0 stage OTSCC and may be used to predict immunotherapy sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengxian Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gan Xiong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohua Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Oral Pathology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Oral Pathology, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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22
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Shih HJ, Chang CY, Lai CH, Huang CJ. Therapeutic effect of modulating the NLRP3-regulated transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway on interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 138:111522. [PMID: 34311526 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a disorder with complex pathogenesis and lacks effective treatment. Chronic inflammation is the main pathogenesis of Hunner-type IC/BPS. The NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-related transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad signaling pathway plays a crucial role in inflammation-related tissue fibrosis. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and protamine sulfate (LPS/PS) were instilled into the mouse bladder twice a week for 5 consecutive weeks to establish a chronic inflammation-induced IC/BPS model (LPS/PS model). Following LPS/PS treatment, curcumin (oral, 100 mg/kg; a potent NLRP3 modulator) was administered for 2 weeks in the curcumin treatment group, and normal saline was used for the sham group. Bladder function was evaluated by performing the voiding spot assay and examining the status of urothelial denudation and fibrosis in bladder tissues. The expression of NLRP3 inflammasome, interleukin-1β, TGF-β, Smad, vimentin, and E-cadherin in bladder tissues was evaluated through immunohistochemistry staining. Results revealed that the repeated instillation of LPS/PS leads to voiding dysfunction, bladder urothelium denudation, and detrusor muscle fibrosis through the upregulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β-related TGF-β/Smad pathway and the increased epithelial-mesenchymal transition process in bladder tissues. The downregulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β-related TGF-β/Smad pathway in bladder tissues through curcumin effectively mitigated bladder injury in the LPS/PS model. In conclusion, the NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β-related TGF-β/Smad pathway plays a crucial role in bladder injury in the LPS/PS model, and modulation of this pathway, such as by using curcumin, can effectively mitigate the sequelae of chronic inflammation-induced IC/BPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Jen Shih
- Department of Urology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yuan Chang
- Integrative Research Centre for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Howe Lai
- Department of Urology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jen Huang
- Integrative Research Centre for Critical Care, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Kusafuka K, Yamada H, Ishino K, Maeda M, Yamanegi K, Baba S, Ohuchi T, Inagaki H, Yamamoto H, Iwasaki T, Tsuchiya C, Sugimura H, Suzuki M. Salivary Duct Carcinoma With Rhabdoid Features-No or Aberrant Expression of E-cadherin and Genetic Changes in CDH1: Immunohistochemical and Genetic Analyses of 17 Cases. Am J Surg Pathol 2021; 45:439-449. [PMID: 33538422 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Salivary duct carcinoma is a relatively uncommon malignancy of the salivary glands; however, it frequently occurs as a carcinomatous component of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma. We previously reported salivary duct carcinoma with rhabdoid features (SDCRF) as an extremely rare subtype of salivary duct carcinoma, and that it occurred as a salivary counterpart of pleomorphic lobular carcinoma of the breast (PLCB). We collected new cases of SDCRF for this study, in which we examined a total of 17 cases immunohistochemically and genetically. As it is known that PLCB exhibits loss of or aberrant E-cadherin expression and carries nonsense/missense mutations in or deletion of the CDH1 gene, we examined the CDH1 gene status of our SDCRF cases. All of the examined SDCRF cases involved the diffuse proliferation of large ovoid cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and eccentric nuclei, which displayed reduced cell-cell adhesion. Most cases were positive for pan-cytokeratin, androgen receptor, gross cystic disease fluid protein-15, SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily B member 1, and WI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily A member 4, whereas they were negative for vimentin. No and decreased/cytoplasmic E-cadherin expression was observed in 11 and 4 of 17 cases, respectively, whereas no and decreased/cytoplasmic β-catenin expression were observed in 10 and 5 of 17 cases, respectively. Among the 11 cases that could be genetically analyzed, a nonsense mutation (1 case), missense mutations (6 cases), and insertions (1 case) were detected in the CDH1 gene. In conclusion, we propose that SDCRF is the salivary counterpart of PLCB due to its morphology and immunophenotype, and the genetic status of CDH1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hidetaka Yamada
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
| | - Keiko Ishino
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
| | - Matsuyoshi Maeda
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital, Toyohashi, Aichi Prefecture
| | - Koji Yamanegi
- Department of Pathology, Hyogo Medical College, Nishinomiya, Hyogo Prefecture
| | - Satoshi Baba
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Hospital, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka Prefecture
| | - Tomoyuki Ohuchi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Keiyukai Sapporo Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido Prefecture
| | - Hiroshi Inagaki
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture
| | - Hidetaka Yamamoto
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Iwasaki
- Department of Pathology, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka City
| | | | - Haruhiko Sugimura
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
| | - Makoto Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka City
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The Fibronectin Expression Determines the Distinct Progressions of Malignant Gliomas via Transforming Growth Factor-Beta Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073782. [PMID: 33917452 PMCID: PMC8038731 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing incidence of malignant gliomas, particularly glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a simple and reliable GBM diagnosis is needed to screen early the death-threaten patients. This study aimed to identify a protein that can be used to discriminate GBM from low-grade astrocytoma and elucidate further that it has a functional role during malignant glioma progressions. To identify proteins that display low or no expression in low-grade astrocytoma but elevated levels in GBM, glycoprotein fibronectin (FN) was particularly examined according to the mining of the Human Protein Atlas. Web-based open megadata minings revealed that FN was mainly mutated in the cBio Cancer Genomic Portal but dominantly overexpressed in the ONCOMINE (a cancer microarray database and integrated data-mining platform) in distinct tumor types. Furthermore, numerous different cancer patients with high FN indeed exhibited a poor prognosis in the PrognoScan mining, indicating that FN involves in tumor malignancy. To investigate further the significance of FN expression in glioma progression, tumor specimens from five malignant gliomas with recurrences that received at least two surgeries were enrolled and examined. The immunohistochemical staining showed that FN expression indeed determined the distinct progressions of malignant gliomas. Furthermore, the expression of vimentin (VIM), a mesenchymal protein that is strongly expressed in malignant cancers, was similar to the FN pattern. Moreover, the level of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) inducer transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) was almost recapitulated with the FN expression. Together, this study identifies a protein FN that can be used to diagnose GBM from low-grade astrocytoma; moreover, its expression functionally determines the malignant glioma progressions via TGF-β-induced EMT pathway.
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de Lima MAP, Cavalcante RB, da Silva CGL, Nogueira RLM, Macedo GEC, de Galiza LE, Pinheiro JV, Maia Filho PHB, Santos SF, Rabenhorst SHB. Evaluation of HPV and EBV in OSCC and the expression of p53, p16, E-cadherin, COX-2, MYC, and MLH1. Oral Dis 2021; 28:1104-1122. [PMID: 33660890 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and the expression of p53, p16, E-cadherin, COX-2, MLH1, and MYC in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred OSCC specimens were submitted to in situ hybridization for HPV and EBV, and immunohistochemistry for detection of the human proteins. RESULTS Thirty-one cases showed HPV in tumor tissue. EBV was not detected in any case investigated. The HPV(+) group demonstrated an increase of staining scores for nuclear p16 (p = .047), cytoplasmic MYC (p = .002), while a decrease for nuclear MLH1 (p = .048), suggesting that HPV may upregulate the expression of the first two proteins and down-regulate the latter. CONCLUSION Our findings reinforce the hypothesis of the HPV-related oral carcinogenesis involving the expression of p16 and MYC, and MLH1 suppression. Exclusively cytoplasmic stainings for p16, MLH1, and MYC were also associated with more advanced tumors. Finally, in view of the lack of studies correlating the HPV or EBV infection to the expression of oncoproteins, more researches assessing a broader panel of markers and employing different approaches are still necessary in order to understand the role of these viruses as well as the molecular mechanisms involved in the development and progression of oral carcinomas.
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Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is associated with oral Candida albicans infection, although it is unclear whether the fungus promotes the genesis and progression of OSCC or whether cancer facilitates fungal growth. In this study, we investigated whether C. albicans can potentiate OSCC tumor development and progression. In vitro, the presence of live C. albicans, but not Candida parapsilosis, enhanced the progression of OSCC by stimulating the production of matrix metalloproteinases, oncometabolites, protumor signaling pathways, and overexpression of prognostic marker genes associated with metastatic events. C. albicans also upregulated oncogenes in nonmalignant cells. Using a newly established xenograft in vivo mouse model to investigate OSCC-C. albicans interactions, oral candidiasis enhanced the progression of OSCC through inflammation and induced the overexpression of metastatic genes and significant changes in markers of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Finally, using the 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO) murine model, we directly correlate these in vitro and short-term in vivo findings with the progression of oncogenesis over the long term. Taken together, these data indicate that C. albicans upregulates oncogenes, potentiates a premalignant phenotype, and is involved in early and late stages of malignant promotion and progression of oral cancer. IMPORTANCE Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a serious health issue worldwide that accounts for 2% to 4% of all cancer cases. Previous studies have revealed a higher yeast carriage and diversity in oral cancer patients than in healthy individuals. Furthermore, fungal colonization in the oral cavity bearing OSCC is higher on the neoplastic epithelial surface than on adjacent healthy surfaces, indicating a positive association between oral yeast carriage and epithelial carcinoma. In addition to this, there is strong evidence supporting the idea that Candida contributes to carcinogenesis events in the oral cavity. Here, we show that an increase in Candida albicans burden promotes an oncogenic phenotype in the oral cavity.
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Yakavets I, Francois A, Lamy L, Piffoux M, Gazeau F, Wilhelm C, Zorin V, Silva AKA, Bezdetnaya L. Effect of stroma on the behavior of temoporfin-loaded lipid nanovesicles inside the stroma-rich head and neck carcinoma spheroids. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:3. [PMID: 33407564 PMCID: PMC7789590 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00743-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the highly expected clinical application of nanoparticles (NPs), the translation of NPs from lab to the clinic has been relatively slow. Co-culture 3D spheroids account for the 3D arrangement of tumor cells and stromal components, e.g., cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and extracellular matrix, recapitulating microenvironment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In the present study, we investigated how the stroma-rich tumor microenvironment affects the uptake, penetration, and photodynamic efficiency of three lipid-based nanoformulations of approved in EU photosensitizer temoporfin (mTHPC): Foslip® (mTHPC in conventional liposomes), drug-in-cyclodextrin-in-liposomes (mTHPC-DCL) and extracellular vesicles (mTHPC-EVs). Results Collagen expression in co-culture stroma-rich 3D HNSCC spheroids correlates with the amount of CAFs (MeWo cells) in individual spheroid. The assessment of mTHPC loading demonstrated that Foslip®, mTHPC-DCL and mTHPC-EVs encapsulated 0.05 × 10− 15 g, 0.07 × 10− 15 g, and 1.3 × 10− 15 g of mTHPC per nanovesicle, respectively. The mid-penetration depth of mTHPC NPs in spheroids was 47.8 µm (Foslip®), 87.8 µm (mTHPC-DCL), and 49.7 µm (mTHPC-EVs), irrespective of the percentage of stromal components. The cellular uptake of Foslip® and mTHPC-DCL was significantly higher in stroma-rich co-culture spheroids and was increasing upon the addition of serum in the culture medium. Importantly, we observed no significant difference between PDT effect in monoculture and co-culture spheroids treated with lipid-based NPs. Overall, in all types of spheroids mTHPC-EVs demonstrated outstanding total cellular uptake and PDT efficiency comparable to other NPs. Conclusions The stromal microenvironment strongly affects the uptake of NPs, while the penetration and PDT efficacy are less sensitive to the presence of stromal components. mTHPC-EVs outperform other lipid nanovesicles due to the extremely high loading capacity. The results of the present study enlarge our understanding of how stroma components affect the delivery of NPs into the tumors. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Yakavets
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillette, 54506, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France. .,Research Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, 6 avenue de Bourgogne, 54519, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France. .,Laboratory of Biophysics and Biotechnology, Belarusian State University, 4 Nezavisimosti Avenue, 220030, Minsk, Belarus.
| | - Aurelie Francois
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillette, 54506, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Research Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, 6 avenue de Bourgogne, 54519, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Laureline Lamy
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillette, 54506, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Research Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, 6 avenue de Bourgogne, 54519, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Max Piffoux
- Laboratoire Matière et systèmes complexes, CNRS UMR 7057, Université de Paris, 75205, Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Florence Gazeau
- Laboratoire Matière et systèmes complexes, CNRS UMR 7057, Université de Paris, 75205, Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Claire Wilhelm
- Laboratoire Matière et systèmes complexes, CNRS UMR 7057, Université de Paris, 75205, Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Vladimir Zorin
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Biotechnology, Belarusian State University, 4 Nezavisimosti Avenue, 220030, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Amanda K A Silva
- Laboratoire Matière et systèmes complexes, CNRS UMR 7057, Université de Paris, 75205, Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Lina Bezdetnaya
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillette, 54506, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France. .,Research Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, 6 avenue de Bourgogne, 54519, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
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Zhang F, Cai Y, Diao B, Song D, Miao R, Zhang B, Hu Y, Zeng H, Hu X. Long Non-Coding RNA NLIPMT as a Tumor Suppressor and Inhibitor of Cell Proliferation and Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:10311-10319. [PMID: 33116886 PMCID: PMC7585509 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s266807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gene expression association studies of tumor samples have uncovered several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) closely related to various types of cancer. Several lncRNAs have been reported to play essential roles in the progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Novel lncRNA inhibiting proliferation and metastasis (lnc-NLIPMT) is a known regulator of mammary cell proliferation and motility, but its involvement in PTC is unclear. Materials and Methods We investigated the role of lnc-NLIPMT in PTC by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) on various PTC tissue samples and cell lines. We assessed the effects of overexpression or knockdown of lnc-NLIPMT on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of PTC cells using CCK-8, cell clone formation, and transwell assays. Changes in the expression of N-cadherin and vimentin were detected by immunoblotting. Results Our results revealed a downregulation of the expression of lnc-NLIPMT in PTC and a negative correlation between lnc-NLIPMT expression and tumor size (P=0.006). Overexpression of lnc-NLIPMT in TPC-1 and B-CPAP cells significantly suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while lnc-NLIPMT knockdown had the opposite effect. In addition, lnc-NLIPMT played an important role in the regulation of the expression of N-cadherin and vimentin. Conclusion lnc-NLIPMT inhibits cell proliferation and metastasis of PTC cells and is a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Dajiangdong Hospital of Hangzhou First People's Hospital Group, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangjun Cai
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.,Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Biyu Diao
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Song
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Miao
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Baodan Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Hu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanqian Zeng
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqu Hu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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Mahajan A, Manhas A, Aneja T, Parhar S, Kumari P, Anubhuti, Singh HP. Comparison of expression of myofibroblasts in normal oral mucosa, oral epithelial dysplasia, and oral squamous cell carcinoma using α-SMA and vimentin: An immunohistochemical study. J Family Med Prim Care 2020; 9:4368-4374. [PMID: 33110862 PMCID: PMC7586532 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_172_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Myofibroblasts are thought to play critical roles in inflammation, growth, repair, premalignancy, and malignancy. This study was done to evaluate, compare and co- relate the progressive increase in the immunohistochemical expression of myofibroblasts in normal oral mucosa, epithelial dysplasia, and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). To compare and co-relate the expression of myofibroblasts in normal oral mucosa, epithelial dysplasia, and oral squamous cell carcinoma. To co-relate the progressive increase in myofibroblasts expression in normal oral mucosa, epithelial dysplasia, and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Materials and Method: Forty-nine paraffin-embedded tissue blocks with 7 cases of normal oral mucosa, 21 cases of epithelial dysplasia, and 21 diagnosed cases of OSCCs were studied. The samples were subjected to heat-induced antigen retrieval methods followed by staining using primary mouse monoclonal antibodies against α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) and vimentin. Staining index of all the sections was calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal–Wallis test, Mann–Whitney U test, and Chi-square test. Values of P less than or equal to 0.05 (P ≤ 0.05) were considered statistically significant. Results: Statistically significant staining index was obtained by α-SMA and vimentin between normal oral mucosa, epithelial dysplasia, and OSCC. Conclusion: Myofibroblast may play a role only during initial tumorigenesis that is the conversion of severe dysplasia into OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani Mahajan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Swami Devi Dyal Hospital and Dental College, Golpura, Barwala, Panchkula, Haryana, India
| | - Andleeb Manhas
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Swami Devi Dyal Hospital and Dental College, Golpura, Barwala, Panchkula, Haryana, India
| | - Tania Aneja
- Department of Medical, Health and Family Welfare, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Swati Parhar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Swami Devi Dyal Hospital and Dental College, Golpura, Barwala, Panchkula, Haryana, India
| | - Priyanka Kumari
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dental Institute, RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Anubhuti
- Department of Conservative, Endodontics and Aesthetic Dentistry, Dental Institute, RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Harkanwal P Singh
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dasmesh Institute of Research and Dental Sciences, Faridkot, Punjab, India
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Xie H, Yang L, Hu Q, Song Y, Wang X, Zhou L, Li L. Effects of inducing apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation of siRNA on polyadenylate-binding protein-interacting protein 1 in tongue cell carcinoma. Head Neck 2020; 42:3623-3637. [PMID: 32827170 DOI: 10.1002/hed.26423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been reported that the polyadenylate-binding protein-interacting protein 1 (PAIP1) pathway is closely connected with the progression of some malignant tumors. Here we examined the potential functional mechanism of PAIP1 in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC). METHODS PAIP1 was knocked down in TSCC cell lines and proliferation and apoptosis in vitro analyzed. The molecular features of TSCC were determined using quantitative proteome and succinylome analyses. The results were confirmed in the mouse model. RESULTS PAIP1 promoted cell proliferation and inhibited apoptosis. Its knockdown decreased Ki67 and Pcna expressions and increased Bax/Bcl2 index and Caspase-3 expression. Bioinformatics analysis for proteomics revealed that PAIP1 knockdown correlated with the changes in differential protein expression. CONCLUSIONS Upregulation of PAIP1 induces cell proliferation and inhibits apoptosis in TSCC; PAIP1 might be a diagnostic biomarker and a significant drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lisa Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingqi Song
- Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liming Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Longjiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Awan AM, Naz I, Mahmood MK, Uddin H. COMPARISON OF EXPRESSION OF E-CADHERIN IN ORAL PSEUDOEPITHELIOMATOUS HYPERPLASIA AND ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA. GOMAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.46903/gjms/17.03.1967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pseudo-epitheliomatous Hyperplasia (PEH) is a benign proliferation of epithelium occurring in response to various neoplastic lesions, infections and inflammatory processes. It can be mistaken especially in small biopsies for an invasive oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The objective of this study was to determine the expression and comparison of immunohistochemical marker E-cadherin in OSCC and PEH lesions. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Histopathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan from January 2013 to March 2016. 60 paraffin embedded cases, 30 each of PEH and OSCC were retrieved and stained with haematoxylin and eosin. They were then immune-stained with E-cadherin and expression evaluated and compared in two lesions by histopathologist. Age, sex, site of lesion and E-cadherin expression were variables. Age was described by mean and SD and other variables as frequency and percentages. Results: Mean age of OSCC group was 60.1±17.3 years and PEH group 52.7±16.6 years. OSCC group included 16 (53.33%) men and 14 (46.67%) women. PEH group included 18 (60%) men and 12 (40%) women. In OSCC group, site of lesion was buccal mucosa 12 (40%) cases, gingiva 10 (33.3%), tongue 7 (23.3%) and floor of mouth 1 (3.4%) case. In PEH group, site of lesion was buccal mucosa 12 (40%) cases, tongue 11 (36.67%), gingiva 6 (20%) and palate 1 (3.3%) case. The expression of E-cadherin was negative in all 30 cases of OSCC and positive in 29/30 (96.67%) cases in PEH. Conclusion: E-cadherin can be used as an ancillary marker in the differentiation of oral squamous cell carcinoma and pseudo-epitheliomatous hyperplasia.
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Mancusi de Carvalho JP, Salim RC, Carvalho FM, Nogueira Dias Genta ML, Baracat EC, Carvalho JP. L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) in stage IB cervical cancer: distinct expression in squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas. J Clin Pathol 2020; 73:748-753. [PMID: 32366597 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2020-206500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIMS L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) has been shown to be correlated with tumour progression, attributed to its possible association with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), characterised by the expression of vimentin and loss of e-cadherin. Herein, we investigate the associations between L1CAM and clinicopathological parameters, as well as the expression of vimentin and e-cadherin, in carcinomas restricted to the cervix. METHODS The study was retrospective observational and included 45 squamous cell carcinomas (63.4%) and 26 adenocarcinomas (36.6%) submitted to primary surgical treatment. Patient age, FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stage, tumour size and follow-up were obtained from the medical records. All the slides were revised to evaluate histological differentiation, lymphovascular space invasion, depth of infiltration, disease-free cervical wall thickness, pattern of invasion front, Silva pattern (for adenocarcinomas) and the percentage of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes. Tissue microarrays were constructed for immunohistochemical staining for L1CAM, e-cadherin and vimentin. RESULTS Adenocarcinomas were associated with lower disease-free and overall survival. L1CAM and vimentin expressions were more frequent among adenocarcinomas, although loss of e-cadherin expression was more common among squamous carcinomas. L1CAM expression was associated with larger tumours, vimentin expression and lower disease-free survival. No association was observed between the expression of either L1CAM or vimentin and loss of e-cadherin. High levels of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes were more frequent in squamous cell carcinoma, high-grade tumours, destructive pattern at front of invasion and loss of e-cadherin expression. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm the prognostic role of L1CAM in cervical carcinomas, but suggest a role for mechanisms other than EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafael C Salim
- Pathology, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zargaran M. Alternation of β-catenin and CD44s Immunoexpression in Different Histopathological Grades of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:1181-1185. [PMID: 32458620 PMCID: PMC7541855 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.5.1181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cell-cell adhesion molecules play an essential role in cell growth and differentiation. β-catenin and CD44s are two adhesion molecules which their expression changes are correlated to loss of differentiation and gain of an invasive epithelial phenotype. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy of oral cavity. Aim of this study was to compare β-catenin and CD44s expression in different histopathological grades of OSCC. METHODS β-catenin and CD44s expression were evaluated in 10 well differentiated OSCC (group A) and 10 moderately/poorly differentiated OSCC (group B) using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS β-catenin membranous and nuclear/cytoplasmic expression were significantly different between groups A and B. CD44s membranous expression was insignificant amongst the two groups. CONCLUSION Expression of β-catenin and CD44s alter in different histopathological grades of OSCC. It seems that more rate of aberrant cytoplasmic and/nuclear expression and less membranous expression of β-catenin can lead to significantly lower degree of cell differentiation in OSCC. <br />.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massoumeh Zargaran
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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Paluszczak J. The Significance of the Dysregulation of Canonical Wnt Signaling in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030723. [PMID: 32183420 PMCID: PMC7140616 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The knowledge about the molecular alterations which are found in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) has much increased in recent years. However, we are still awaiting the translation of this knowledge to new diagnostic and therapeutic options. Among the many molecular changes that are detected in head and neck cancer, the abnormalities in several signaling pathways, which regulate cell proliferation, cell death and stemness, seem to be especially promising with regard to the development of targeted therapies. Canonical Wnt signaling is a pathway engaged in the formation of head and neck tissues, however it is not active in adult somatic mucosal cells. The aim of this review paper is to bring together significant data related to the current knowledge on the mechanisms and functional significance of the dysregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in head and neck tumors. Research evidence related to the role of Wnt signaling activation in the stimulation of cell proliferation, migration and inhibition of apoptosis in HNSCC is presented. Moreover, its role in promoting stemness traits in head and neck cancer stem-like cells is described. Evidence corroborating the hypothesis that the Wnt signaling pathway is a very promising target of novel therapeutic interventions in HNSCC is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Paluszczak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, ul. Swiecickiego 4, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
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Chen K, Che J, Zhang X, Jin R, Xiang J, Han D, Sun Y, Gong Z, Zhang D, Li H. Next-generation sequencing in thymic epithelial tumors uncovered novel genomic aberration sites and strong correlation between TMB and MSH6 single nucleotide variations. Cancer Lett 2020; 476:75-86. [PMID: 32061754 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Thymic epithelial tumors (TET) including thymomas and thymic carcinomas are rare, but they are common primary tumors in the anterior mediastinum. The etiology and tumorigenesis of TET remain unclear. To better understand the novel aberrations of this rare tumor and provide more significant mutation sites for targeted therapy, we performed next-generation sequencing detection on 55 patients with TET. Our results showed that most genes in 12 core pathways harbored aberrations of indeterminate potential. In 4 genes (ARID1A, KMT2C, TGFBR2 and MAP3K1), the indel frequency was above 90%. Dozens of genes, including TGFBR2, KMT2C, PRKDC, ATR, CHD2, SDHA, KDM5A, CHEK1, MSH6 and POLE, possessed frameshift indel with different frequencies in different hotspot sites, which could be the new targets of therapy for TET. For the first time, we revealed a strong correlation between the tumor mutational burden and single nucleotide variations, but not frameshift, on DNA mismatch repair gene MSH6 in TET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jiaming Che
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xianfei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Runsen Jin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jie Xiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Dingpei Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yonghua Sun
- Shanghai YunYing Medical Technology CO., LTD, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Ziying Gong
- Shanghai YunYing Medical Technology CO., LTD, Shanghai, 201600, China.
| | - Daoyun Zhang
- Shanghai YunYing Medical Technology CO., LTD, Shanghai, 201600, China.
| | - Hecheng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Metallothionein Expression and its Influence on the In Vitro Biological Behavior of Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma. Cells 2020; 9:cells9010157. [PMID: 31936364 PMCID: PMC7016984 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is the most common tumor in the salivary glands, often presenting with recurrence and metastasis due to its high invasive capacity. Metallothionein (MT), a zinc storage protein that supplies this element for protease activity, is probably related to mucoepidermoid carcinoma behavior. This prompted us to characterize a cell line derived from mucoepidermoid carcinoma and to correlate metallothionein expression with transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Transcriptomic analysis and cytogenetic assays were performed to detect the expression of genes of interest and cellular chromosomal alterations, respectively. MEC cells with a depleted metallothionein 2A (MT2A) gene were subjected to Western blot to correlate metallothionein expression with growth factors and MMPs. Additionally, cells with depleted MT were subjected to migration and invasion assays. The transcriptomic study revealed reads mapped to cytokeratins 19 and AE1/AE3, α-smooth muscle actin, vimentin, and fibronectin. Cytogenetic evaluation demonstrated structural and numerical alterations, including the translocation t(11;19)(q21;p13), characteristic of MEC. Metallothionein depletion was correlated with the decreased expression of TGF-α and MMP-9, while TNF-α protein levels were augmented. Migration and invasion activity were diminished after metallothionein silencing. Our findings suggest an important role of MT in MEC invasion, through the regulation of proteins involved in this process.
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Roy P, Parekh D, Kukreja P, Mallick I. Worst pattern of invasion – type 4 (WPOI-4) and Lymphocyte host response should be mandatory reporting criteria for oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma: A re-look at the American Joint Committee of Cancer (AJCC) minimum dataset. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2020; 63:527-533. [DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_662_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Ahmad B, Asif M, Ali A, Jamal S, Khan MZ, Khadim MT. Expression of Ki-67 and Βeta-Catenin in Pseudoepitheliomatous Hyperplasia and Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Oral Mucosal Biopsies : An Immunohistochemical Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:157-161. [PMID: 31983178 PMCID: PMC7294027 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.1.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To examine the immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67 and beta-catenin in pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in oral mucosal biopsies. Methods: In this comparative cross sectional study, 70 cases of each PEH and OSCC were taken from the patients of both genders and in all age groups. Study was conducted at Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Rawalpindi from Dec 2017 to March 2019. Statistical analysis was done with the help of SPSS Version 24.0. We used Chi-Squared test with p value of < 0.05 which was considered as statistically significant. Results: In the current study, 80 (57.1%) male and 60 (42.8%) female patients with the mean age of 51.69 ± 16.121 (mean ± SD) years were included. It was found that 6-25% Ki-67 labeling index was observed in all (70) PEH cases, which involved only basal layer of the epithelium. Whereas, Ki-67 labeling index was highly expressed in tumor of high grade malignancy than tumor of low grade malignancy. On the other hand, expression of membranous beta-catenin was higher in PEH and cytoplasmic beta-catenin expression was higher in OSCC. Conclusion : It is concluded that Ki-67 and beta-catenin showed significant expression in PEH and OSCC in oral mucosal biopsies especially those with intense inflammation or unoriented tissue, helping the clinicians to arrive at a final diagnosis before planning any surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bismah Ahmad
- Department of Histopathology, Armed forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Asif
- Department of Histopathology, Armed forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Anam Ali
- Department of Histopathology, Armed forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Jamal
- Department of Histopathology, Watim Medical and Dental College, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zaib Khan
- Department of Endodontics , Margalla Institute of Health Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Tahir Khadim
- Department of Histopathology, Armed forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Expression Analysis of the Mediators of Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition and Early Risk Assessment of Therapeutic Failure in Laryngeal Carcinoma. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:5649846. [PMID: 31885577 PMCID: PMC6926423 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5649846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is an aggressive malignancy which lacks early predictors of prognosis. Here, we hypothesized that expression and prognostic characterization of the critical mediators of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) may provide key information in this regard. Linear regression and multiple correspondence analyses were performed on immunohistochemical data obtained from 20 invasive tumors. Principal component and unsupervised hierarchical clustering were used to analyze the dataset patterns associating with LSCC metastatic profile. Survival and death risk assessments were performed using Kaplan–Meier and hazard ratio tests. Data mining analysis using CHAID decision tree and logistic regression analysis was applied to define the predictive value of the risk factors of tumor aggressiveness. Our analyses showed, that in invasive LSCC tumors, cells associating with a mesenchymal profile were likely to exhibit enhanced NOS2, TGF-β, and IL-17A expression levels, concomitantly to NF-κB nuclear translocation. IHC data deciphering determined that EMT induction was also linked to the enrichment of the tumors with CD68+ populations and IL-10 signal. Strikingly, dataset cluster analysis showed that these signatures could define distinct patterns of invasive tumors, where NOS2 associated with IL-10 expression, and TGF-β and IL-17A signals associated with MMP-9 activation. Decision tree analysis identified IL-17A as a possible predictor of LSCC aggressiveness. Altogether, our results show that distinct immunological patterns would support the acquisition of EMT features in invasive LSCC and suggest that IL-17A may be useful in the early identification of patients “at-risk” of therapeutic failure.
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Dusp6 inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition in endometrial adenocarcinoma via ERK signaling pathway. Radiol Oncol 2019; 53:307-315. [PMID: 31553703 PMCID: PMC6765161 DOI: 10.2478/raon-2019-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endometrial adenocarcinoma (EAC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed gynaecological malignancies among female population of the developed countries. DUSP6 is a negative regulator of ERK signaling, which is a molecular switch involved in MAPK signaling during the progress of malignancies. DUSP6 was previously found to inhibit tumorigenesis and EMT-associated properties in several cancers, however, its exact role in EAC remains unclear Methods The level of DUSP6, (E-cad) and (N-cad) in EAC cancerous tissues and respective adjacent non-cancerous tissues were examined by western-blot or immunohistochemistry. The cell growth, invasion and migration abilities were measured in Ishikawa 3H12 endometrial cancer cell lines with overexpressed or knock down DUSP6. Protein levels of EMT-associated markers E-cadherin, N-cadherin and Vimentin were also determined. The impacts of DUSP6 on ERK signaling was assessed by detection of ERK and p-ERK. Results Down-regulation of DUSP6 was observed in EAC compared with the normal controls. The overexpression of DUSP6 significantly attenuated tumor cell growth, invasion, migration abilities and inhibited EMT-associated markers, while knock down of DUSP6 showed opposite trends. Overexpression of DUSP6 also down-regulated p-ERK and the knock down of DUSP6 inversely up-regulated p-ERK level. Conclusions DUSP6 inhibited cell growth, invasion and migration abilities in Ishikawa 3H12 cells as well as attenuating EMT-associated properties. This tumor suppressive effect of DUSP6 in EAC is achieved by inhibiting ERK signaling pathway.
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Zhu L, Yu CL, Zheng Y. NSD2 inhibition suppresses metastasis in cervical cancer by promoting TGF-β/TGF-βRI/SMADs signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 519:489-496. [PMID: 31526565 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms revealing cervical cancer progression remain unclear. NSD2 belongs to the NSD family of histone lysine methyltransferases (HMTases), and is a histone methyltransferase that regulates dimethylation of histone 3 lysine 36 (H3K36me2). In this study, we explored the effects of NSD2 on the tumorigenesis and metastasis in cervical cancer. We found that NSD2 exhibited a pattern of gradual up-regulation from normal cervix (NC) to cervical carcinoma in situ (CIS) and then to invasive cervical cancer (ICC). NSD2 knockdown markedly reduced the cervical cancer cell proliferation. Loss of function assay in vitro suggested that NSD2 deletion markedly prevented the cervical cancer cell migration and invasion. Consistently, the in vivo results demonstrated that NSD2 knockdown not only reduced tumor growth, but also prevented the development of tumor metastasis. In addition, NSD2 knockdown clearly reduced the expression levels of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), TGF-βRI, phosphorylated SMAD2 and SMAD3 in cervical cancer cells, accompanied with the decreased expression of genes that promoted tumor metastasis. Importantly, we found that NSD2 knockdown-regulated expression levels of metastasis-associated genes were reversed by TGF-β1 incubation. Therefore, our findings demonstrated that NSD2-modulated activation of TGF-β1/TGF-βRI/SMADs signaling pathway was crucial for cervical cancer progression, which might be a promising therapeutic strategy to overcome metastasis in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Chun-Ling Yu
- Department of Gynecological Clinic, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, DaQing, Heilongjiang, 163000, China
| | - Yuwei Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Predicts Survival in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Pathol Oncol Res 2019; 26:1511-1518. [PMID: 31471883 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-019-00731-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Synergistic loss of E-cadherin and acquisition of vimentin are characteristic feature of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) which confers an invasive phenotype of epithelial cancer cells. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of E-cadherin and vimentin expression individually and in combination as a measure of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Expression of E-cadherin and vimentin through immunohistochemical analysis was examined in 200 patients with surgically resected OSCC. Combined E-cadherin and vimentin expression was evaluated to determine the EMT status. Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test were used to compare differences in survival. Cox regression analysis was performed to identify independent prognostic factors. E-cadherin expression was negative in 28 (14%) tumors, and vimentin expression was positive in 87 (43.5%) tumors. Moreover, 99 (49.5%), 87 (43.5%), and 14 (7.5%) tumors exhibited no, partial, and complete EMT, respectively. Both individual protein expression were significant prognostic factors [Negative E-cadherin, hazard ratio (HR) = 1.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04-2.93; positive vimentin, HR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.12-2.41]. For EMT status, the HR increased with EMT progression [partial EMT, HR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.09-2.49; complete EMT, HR = 2.88, 95% CI = 1.44-5.79], of which, the complete EMT had higher HR than was individual protein expression. Combined E-cadherin and vimentin expression as a measure of EMT showed a superior prognostic significance compared with individual protein expression.
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Ye D, Jiang Y, Sun Y, Li Y, Cai Y, Wang Q, Wang O, Chen E, Zhang X. METTL7B promotes migration and invasion in thyroid cancer through epithelial-mesenchymal transition. J Mol Endocrinol 2019; 63:51-61. [PMID: 31121562 DOI: 10.1530/jme-18-0261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is associated with one of the most malignant endocrine tumors. However, molecular mechanisms underlying thyroid tumorigenesis and progression remain unclear. In order to investigate these mechanisms, we performed whole-transcriptome sequencing, which indicated that a differentially expressed gene, METTL7B, was highly expressed in thyroid cancers. We analyzed METTL7B expression using TCGA and performed qRT-PCR on tissue samples. Moreover, an analysis of clinicopathological characteristics revealed a positive correlation between METTL7B and lymph node metastasis. A series of in vitro experiments indicated that METTL7B enhanced migration and invasion of thyroid carcinoma cells. Further studies revealed that METTL7B may enhance TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Our results indicate that METTL7B may promote metastasis of thyroid cancer through EMT and may therefore be considered as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of thyroid carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danrong Ye
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yihan Sun
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuefeng Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yefeng Cai
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qingxuan Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ouchen Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Endong Chen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Zhang Y, Xu L, Wang P, Jian H, Shi X, Jia M, Mo L, Hu Z, Li H, Li J. Phenotypic transition of tumor cells between epithelial- and mesenchymal-like state during adaptation to acidosis. Cell Cycle 2019; 18:1938-1947. [PMID: 31234753 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1635868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acidic microenvironment is an important feature of solid tumors that contributes to malignant transformation. Low extracellular pH could promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) thereby endowing tumor cells with higher invasive capability. However, the relation between EMT and tumor cell proliferation under long-term acidic condition is still not fully understood. Here, we show that tumor cells have undergone a phenotypic transition from EMT to mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) during adaptation to acidosis, and is closely related with cell proliferative state. Under early stage of acidic stress, tumor cells entered a non-cycling quiescent state with mesenchymal phenotype and expressed high level of stemness genes. Whereas, after long-term acid culture (2 months), acid-adapted cells resumed proliferating but lost mesenchymal phenotype. Further, our results show that the acid-adapted cells have distinct proliferative mechanism from non-acid cells, as the G1-S transcriptional factor E2F1 protein was not recovered in the adapted cells. Meanwhile, mini-chromosome maintenance 7 (MCM7) is shown to regulate the EMT to MET phenotypic transition, and is required for proliferation of the adapted cells under acidic condition. MCM7 Knockdown promoted mesenchymal phenotype and inhibited proliferation of the acid-adapted cells. While, MCM7 overexpression inhibited acid-induced EMT and supported tumor cell proliferation under acidic condition. Thus, our study provides evidence that tumor cells display phenotypic plasticity that allows them to survive acid stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Zhang
- a Institute of Biotherapy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Lili Xu
- a Institute of Biotherapy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Ping Wang
- a Institute of Biotherapy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Huanzhang Jian
- a Institute of Biotherapy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Xianghua Shi
- b Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Min Jia
- a Institute of Biotherapy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Lijun Mo
- a Institute of Biotherapy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Zhiming Hu
- a Institute of Biotherapy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Hongwei Li
- a Institute of Biotherapy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Jinlong Li
- a Institute of Biotherapy, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
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High Expression of Vimentin is Associated With Progression and a Poor Outcome in Glioblastoma. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2019; 26:337-344. [PMID: 27556820 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) has a high recurrence and mortality rate. Because of a poor understanding of the mechanism for this disease, treatment regimens have remained limited. Vimentin, one of the major cytoskeletal proteins, is associated with cellular structure. However, the function of vimentin in GBM is still undefined. In the present study, we investigated the expression level of vimentin in 179 GBM tissues using immunohistochemistry. We found that the vimentin expression level was associated with the time to progression (P=0.029). A Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that patients with high vimentin expression had a significantly shorter overall survival (P=0.0002) and progression-free survival (P=0.0001) compared with those with low expression. Furthermore, in vitro experiments showed that withaferin-A, a chemical inhibitor of vimentin, could inhibit GBM cell migration and invasion activity when its concentrations were <0.5 μM, and higher concentrations of withaferin-A could decrease the viability of U251and U87 cells significantly. In conclusion, our results indicated that vimentin may play an important role in the progression of GBM.
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Yazdani J, Ghavimi MA, Jabbari Hagh E, Ahmadpour F. The Role of E-Cadherin as a Prognostic Biomarker in Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Mol Diagn Ther 2019; 22:523-535. [PMID: 30006812 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-018-0351-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, we systematically investigated and analyzed articles focusing on the prognostic value of E-cadherin (E-cad) in human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). METHODS Searching through the different databases, the studies examining the associations between E-cad and HNSCC prognosis were identified. Outcomes such as disease-specific survival and overall survival were considered acceptable. Hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to demonstrate prognostic value. RESULTS A total of 40 studies were systematically analyzed, and finally, 1939 subjects were included in our meta-analysis. Our findings showed that significant aberrant expression of E-cad was associated with poor survival. However, some studies showed increased expression of E-cad in metastatic lesions was associated with poor prognosis. Alteration in location of E-cad expression also showed significant association with cancer survival, i.e., increased cytoplasmic E-cad. We conducted a meta-analysis on the eligible articles using a random effect model because of moderate heterogeneity. Strong association between aberrant expression of E-cad and poor survival was demonstrated (pooled HR = 2.28; 95% CI 1.78-2.91). CONCLUSIONS Aberrant expression of E-cad may be a promising prognostic signature for HNSCC, especially when it is used with other prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Yazdani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht St., Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohhamad Ali Ghavimi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht St., Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elahe Jabbari Hagh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farzin Ahmadpour
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht St., Tabriz, Iran.
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Yu M, Shen W, Shi X, Wang Q, Zhu L, Xu X, Yu J, Liu L. Upregulated LOX and increased collagen content associated with aggressive clinicopathological features and unfavorable outcome in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:14348-14359. [PMID: 31140650 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Collagen is a core protein that maintains the homeostasis of the extracellular matrix (ECM), and its dysregulation in human cancers has attracted increasing attention. In tumors, increased lysyl oxidase (LOX)-catalyzed collagen cross-linking plays a critical role in collagen dysregulation. However, the expression patterns of LOX and collagen and their clinicopathological significance in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have not been well established. METHODS The LOX mRNA expression in OSCC was measured by RT-PCR and bioinformatics analysis. LOX protein expression and total collagen content were identified by immunohistochemistry or Masson's trichrome staining in a retrospective cohort of primary OSCC samples, respectively. Moreover, the associations between LOX and collagen expression and various clinicopathological parameters or patient survival were assessed. RESULTS LOX mRNA was overexpressed in OSCC samples. Higher expression of LOX, collagen content or co-overexpression of LOX and collagen was significantly associated with aggressive clinicopathological features. Importantly, aberrant expression of LOX, collagen content, or both were markedly correlated with decreased overall and disease-free survival (P < 0.05). Moreover, univariate and multivariate Cox models analyses indicated that LOX, collagen content or their combination could serve as an independent prognostic predictor for OSCC patients. ROC analysis further revealed that the combination of LOX and collagen was superior to parameter alone as a prognostic predictor. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that elevated LOX and collagen content significantly corelate with aggressiveness and worse prognosis in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Weili Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinzhan Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifang Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Department of the First Outpatient, College of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhua Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Laikui Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Basic Science of Stomatology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Zhang L, Meng X, Zhu XW, Yang DC, Chen R, Jiang Y, Xu T. Long non-coding RNAs in Oral squamous cell carcinoma: biologic function, mechanisms and clinical implications. Mol Cancer 2019; 18:102. [PMID: 31133028 PMCID: PMC6535863 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-1021-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that regions of the genome that cannot encode proteins play an important role in diseases. These regions are usually transcribed into long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). LncRNAs, little or no coding potential, are defined as capped transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides. New sequencing technologies have shown that a large number of aberrantly expressed lncRNAs are associated with multiple cancer types and indicated they have emerged as an important class of pervasive genes during the development and progression of cancer. However, the underlying mechanism in cancer is still unknown. Therefore, it is necessary to elucidate the lncRNA function. Notably, many lncRNAs dysregulation are associated with Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and affect various aspects of cellular homeostasis, including proliferation, survival, migration or genomic stability. This review expounds the up- or down-regulation of lncRNAs in OSCC and the molecular mechanisms by which lncRNAs perform their function in the malignant cell. Finally, the potential of lncRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers for OSCC diagnosis are also described. LncRNAs hold promise as prospective novel therapeutic targets, but more research is needed to gain a better understanding of their biologic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China.,Department of Periodontology, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiang Meng
- School of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xin-Wei Zhu
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China.,Outpatient Department of Binhu District, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - Deng-Cheng Yang
- School of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Ran Chen
- School of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 372 Tunxi Road, Hefei, 230000, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Tao Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China. .,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China.
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Bu W, Wang Z, Meng L, Li X, Liu X, Chen Y, Xin Y, Li B, Sun H. Disulfiram inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition through TGFβ-ERK-Snail pathway independently of Smad4 to decrease oral squamous cell carcinoma metastasis. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:3887-3898. [PMID: 31118804 PMCID: PMC6504671 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s199912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Smad4 loss is highly related to poor prognosis and decreased patient survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), suggesting that agents that target both Smad4-mutated and Smad4 wild-type cells could treat OSCC more effectively. Disulfiram (Dsf) has anticancer activity through a variety of mechanisms, including inhibition of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). It remains unclear whether Dsf has the same effect on Smad4-mutated and Smad4 wild-type OSCC or not and what mechanism is involved. Methods: Effect of Dsf on TGFβ1-induced EMT in CAL27 (Smad4 mutation) and SCC25 (Smad4 wild-type) cells were evaluated through analyzing changes in morphology, expression of EMT markers, and migration and invasion of cells. The ERK-pathway inhibitor U0126 was used to confirm TGFβ–ERK–Snail pathway–mediated cell behavior. Dsf’s effects on tumor growth and metastasis in vivo were examined through a subcutaneous xenograft mouse model and an intravenous tumor mouse model. Results: Dsf inhibited TGFβ1-induced EMT through suppression of morphological change, EMT-marker expression, and cell migration and invasion in both CAL27 and SCC25. Phosphorylation of ERK and expression of Snail were blocked by Dsf treatment. Like Dsf, U0126 had a similar effect on EMT of CAL27 and SCC25. Dsf also reduced tumor growth and metastasis in vivo, accompanied by decreased expression of EMT markers in tumors. Conclusion: These results indicated that Dsf inhibited EMT of OSCC in vitro and in vivo independently of Smad4 through suppression of the TGFβ–ERK–Snail pathway, suggesting the broad-spectrum anticancer potential of Dsf for clinical use against OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhuan Bu
- Department of Oral Pathology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 130000 Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Zilin Wang
- Department of Oral Pathology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 130000 Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Meng
- Department of Oral Pathology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 130000 Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Li
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, 110000 Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinchen Liu
- Department of Oral Pathology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 130000 Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumeng Chen
- Department of Oral Pathology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 130000 Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Xin
- Department of Oral Pathology, Hospital of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710000, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoquan Li
- Department of Temporomandibular Joint, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 130000 Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongchen Sun
- Department of Oral Pathology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, 130000 Changchun, People's Republic of China
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Ho Y, Wu T, Cheng H, Yang C, Wu C. The significance of tumor budding in oral cancer survival and its relevance to the eighth edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system. Head Neck 2019; 41:2991-3001. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.25780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yi‐Yun Ho
- Department of Stomatology, Oral & Maxillofacial SurgeryTaipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan
| | - Tzu‐Ying Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Orthodontic & Pediatric DentistryTaipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan
- Faculty of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang‐Ming University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Han‐Chieh Cheng
- Department of Stomatology, Oral & Maxillofacial SurgeryTaipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan
| | - Cheng‐Chieh Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Oral & Maxillofacial SurgeryTaipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan
- Faculty of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang‐Ming University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Cheng‐Hsien Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Oral & Maxillofacial SurgeryTaipei Veterans General Hospital Taipei Taiwan
- Faculty of Dentistry & Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang‐Ming University Taipei Taiwan
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