1
|
Kouprina N, Larionov V. TAR Cloning: Perspectives for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine, and Biotechnology. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2019; 14:16-26. [PMID: 31276008 PMCID: PMC6586605 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Completion of the human genome sequence and recent advances in engineering technologies have enabled an unprecedented level of understanding of DNA variations and their contribution to human diseases and cellular functions. However, in some cases, long-read sequencing technologies do not allow determination of the genomic region carrying a specific mutation (e.g., a mutation located in large segmental duplications). Transformation-associated recombination (TAR) cloning allows selective, most accurate, efficient, and rapid isolation of a given genomic fragment or a full-length gene from simple and complex genomes. Moreover, this method is the only way to simultaneously isolate the same genomic region from multiple individuals. As such, TAR technology is currently in a leading position to create a library of the individual genes that comprise the human genome and physically characterize the sites of chromosomal alterations (copy number variations [CNVs], inversions, translocations) in the human population, associated with the predisposition to different diseases, including cancer. It is our belief that such a library and analysis of the human genome will be of great importance to the growing field of gene therapy, new drug design methods, and genomic research. In this review, we detail the motivation for TAR cloning for human genome studies, biotechnology, and biomedicine, discuss the recent progress of some TAR-based projects, and describe how TAR technology in combination with HAC (human artificial chromosome)-based and CRISPR-based technologies may contribute in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalay Kouprina
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Vladimir Larionov
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sinenko SA, Skvortsova EV, Liskovykh MA, Ponomartsev SV, Kuzmin AA, Khudiakov AA, Malashicheva AB, Alenina N, Larionov V, Kouprina N, Tomilin AN. Transfer of Synthetic Human Chromosome into Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Biomedical Applications. Cells 2018; 7:cells7120261. [PMID: 30544831 PMCID: PMC6316689 DOI: 10.3390/cells7120261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
AlphoidtetO-type human artificial chromosome (HAC) has been recently synthetized as a novel class of gene delivery vectors for induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based tissue replacement therapeutic approach. This HAC vector was designed to deliver copies of genes into patients with genetic diseases caused by the loss of a particular gene function. The alphoidtetO-HAC vector has been successfully transferred into murine embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and maintained stably as an independent chromosome during the proliferation and differentiation of these cells. Human ESCs and iPSCs have significant differences in culturing conditions and pluripotency state in comparison with the murine naïve-type ESCs and iPSCs. To date, transferring alphoidtetO-HAC vector into human iPSCs (hiPSCs) remains a challenging task. In this study, we performed the microcell-mediated chromosome transfer (MMCT) of alphoidtetO-HAC expressing the green fluorescent protein into newly generated hiPSCs. We used a recently modified MMCT method that employs an envelope protein of amphotropic murine leukemia virus as a targeting cell fusion agent. Our data provide evidence that a totally artificial vector, alphoidtetO-HAC, can be transferred and maintained in human iPSCs as an independent autonomous chromosome without affecting pluripotent properties of the cells. These data also open new perspectives for implementing alphoidtetO-HAC as a gene therapy tool in future biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Sinenko
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky Ave., St-Petersburg 194064, Russia.
- Division of Molecular and Radiation Biophysics, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Orlova Roscha 1, Gatchina 188300, Russia.
| | - Elena V Skvortsova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky Ave., St-Petersburg 194064, Russia.
| | - Mikhail A Liskovykh
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Sergey V Ponomartsev
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky Ave., St-Petersburg 194064, Russia.
| | - Andrey A Kuzmin
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky Ave., St-Petersburg 194064, Russia.
| | - Aleksandr A Khudiakov
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., St-Petersburg 197341, Russia.
| | - Anna B Malashicheva
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 2 Akkuratova Str., St-Petersburg 197341, Russia.
| | - Natalia Alenina
- Max-Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, 10 Robert-Rössle-Straße, 13125 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Vladimir Larionov
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Natalay Kouprina
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Alexey N Tomilin
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Tikhoretsky Ave., St-Petersburg 194064, Russia.
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St-Petersburg State University, 7-9, Universitetskaya nab., St-Petersburg 199034, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hashim HZ, Che Abdullah ST, Wan Sulaiman WA, Hoo FK, Basri H. Hunting for a cure: The therapeutic potential of gene therapy in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Tzu Chi Med J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcmj.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
5
|
Cellular reprogramming: a new technology frontier in pharmaceutical research. Pharm Res 2011; 29:35-52. [PMID: 22068279 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-011-0618-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells via cellular reprogramming are now finding multiple applications in the pharmaceutical research and drug development pipeline. In the pre-clinical stages, they serve as model systems for basic research on specific diseases and then as key experimental tools for testing and developing therapeutics. Here we examine the current state of cellular reprogramming technology, with a special emphasis on approaches that recapitulate previously intractable human diseases in vitro. We discuss the technical and operational challenges that must be tackled as reprogrammed cells become incorporated into routine pharmaceutical research and drug discovery.
Collapse
|