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Sharma A, Chowdhury S, Mukherjee S, Chowdhury R. LncRNA HULC augments high glucose-associated pancreatic cancer progression and drug resistance by enhancing YAP activity and autophagy. Biol Cell 2024:e202400034. [PMID: 38949568 DOI: 10.1111/boc.202400034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND INFORMATION One of the confounding factors in pancreatic cancer (PC) pathogenesis is hyperglycemia. The molecular mechanism by which high glucose (HG) influences PC severity is poorly understood. Our investigation delved into the impact of lncRNA highly upregulated in liver cancer (HULC) and its interaction with yes-associated protein (YAP) in regulating the fate of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells (PDAC) under HG-induced conditions. PDAC cells were cultured under normal or HG conditions. We thereafter measured the effect of HG on the viability of PDAC cells, their migration potential and drug resistance properties. The lncRNAs putatively dysregulated in PC and diabetes were shortlisted by bioinformatics analysis followed by wet lab validation of function. RESULTS HG led to enhanced proliferation and drug refractoriness in PDAC cells. HULC was identified as one of the major deregulated lncRNAs following bioinformatics analysis. HULC was found to regulate the expression of the potent transcriptional regulator - YAP through selective histone modifications at the YAP promoter. siRNA-mediated ablation of HULC resulted in a concurrent decrease in YAP transcriptional activity. Importantly, HULC and YAP were found to co-operatively regulate the cellular homeostatic process autophagy, thus inculcating drug resistance and proliferative potential in PDAC cells. Moreover, inhibition of autophagy or YAP led to a decrease in HULC levels, suggesting the existence of an inter-regulatory feedback loop. CONCLUSIONS We observed that HG triggers aggressive properties in PDAC cells. Mechanistically, up-regulation of lncRNA HULC resulted in activation of YAP and differential regulation of autophagy coupled to increased proliferation of PDAC cells. SIGNIFICANCE Inhibition of HULC and YAP may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for PDAC. Furthermore, this study portrays the intricate molecular interplay between HULC, YAP and autophagy in PDAC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Sharma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shibasish Chowdhury
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sudeshna Mukherjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rajdeep Chowdhury
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, Rajasthan, India
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2
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Zhao H, Ling Y, He J, Dong J, Mo Q, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Yu H, Tang C. Potential targets and therapeutics for cancer stem cell-based therapy against drug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 74:101084. [PMID: 38640592 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2024.101084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common digestive malignancyin the world, which is frequently diagnosed at late stage with a poor prognosis. For most patients with advanced HCC, the therapeutic options arelimiteddue to cancer occurrence of drug resistance. Hepatic cancer stem cells (CSCs) account for a small subset of tumor cells with the ability of self-renewal and differentiationin HCC. It is widely recognized that the presence of CSCs contributes to primary and acquired drug resistance. Therefore, hepatic CSCs-targeted therapy is considered as a promising strategy to overcome drug resistance and improve therapeutic outcome in HCC. In this article, we review drug resistance in HCC and provide a summary of potential targets for CSCs-based therapy. In addition, the development of CSCs-targeted therapeuticsagainst drug resistance in HCC is summarized in both preclinical and clinical trials. The in-depth understanding of CSCs-related drug resistance in HCC will favor optimization of the current therapeutic strategies and gain encouraging therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Zhao
- Department of Radiology, First affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuhang Ling
- Central Laboratory, First affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Huzhou Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine, First affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Hepatology, First affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jinling Dong
- Department of Hepatology, First affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qinliang Mo
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, First affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, First affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Central Laboratory, First affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Department of Hepatology, First affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hongbin Yu
- Department of General Surgery, First affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chengwu Tang
- Huzhou Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine, First affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, First affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
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3
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Gong HY, Zhou PC, Zhang HY, Chen LM, Zhou YM, Liu ZG. Transcriptional regulation of Glis2 in hepatic fibrosis. Exp Mol Med 2023:10.1038/s12276-023-01031-y. [PMID: 37394585 PMCID: PMC10393978 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01031-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of Gli-similar 2 (Glis2) in hepatic fibrosis (HF) is controversial. In this study, we focused on the functional and molecular mechanisms involved in the Glis2-mediated activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs)-a milestone event leading to HF. The expression levels of Glis2 mRNA and protein were significantly decreased in the liver tissues of patients with severe HF and in mouse fibrotic liver tissues as well as HSCs activated by TGFβ1. Functional studies indicated that upregulated Glis2 significantly inhibited HSC activation and alleviated BDL-induced HF in mice. Downregulation of Glis2 was found to correlate significantly with DNA methylation of the Glis2 promoter mediated by methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), which restricted the binding of hepatic nuclear factor 1-α (HNF1-α), a liver-specific transcription factor, to Glis2 promoters. In addition, the enrichment of DNMT1 in the Glis2 promoter region was mediated by metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcriptor-1 (MALAT1) lncRNA, leading to transcriptional silencing of Glis2 and activation of HSCs. In conclusion, our findings reveal that the upregulation of Glis2 can maintain the resting state of HSCs. The decreased expression of Glis2 under pathological conditions may lead to the occurrence and development of HF with the expression silencing of DNA methylation mediated by MALAT1 and DNMT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Yu Gong
- Department of Infectious Disease, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, PR China
| | - Peng-Cheng Zhou
- Department of Infectious Disease, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, PR China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Hao-Ye Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, PR China
| | - Li-Min Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yang-Mei Zhou
- Department of Infectious Disease, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zhen-Guo Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, PR China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China.
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4
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Baba SK, Baba SK, Mir R, Elfaki I, Algehainy N, Ullah MF, Barnawi J, Altemani FH, Alanazi M, Mustafa SK, Masoodi T, Akil ASA, Bhat AA, Macha MA. Long non-coding RNAs modulate tumor microenvironment to promote metastasis: novel avenue for therapeutic intervention. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1164301. [PMID: 37384249 PMCID: PMC10299194 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1164301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a devastating disease and the primary cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with cancer metastasis responsible for 90% of cancer-related deaths. Cancer metastasis is a multistep process characterized by spreading of cancer cells from the primary tumor and acquiring molecular and phenotypic changes that enable them to expand and colonize in distant organs. Despite recent advancements, the underlying molecular mechanism(s) of cancer metastasis is limited and requires further exploration. In addition to genetic alterations, epigenetic changes have been demonstrated to play an important role in the development of cancer metastasis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are considered one of the most critical epigenetic regulators. By regulating signaling pathways and acting as decoys, guides, and scaffolds, they modulate key molecules in every step of cancer metastasis such as dissemination of carcinoma cells, intravascular transit, and metastatic colonization. Gaining a good knowledge of the detailed molecular basis underlying lncRNAs regulating cancer metastasis may provide previously unknown therapeutic and diagnostic lncRNAs for patients with metastatic disease. In this review, we concentrate on the molecular mechanisms underlying lncRNAs in the regulation of cancer metastasis, the cross-talk with metabolic reprogramming, modulating cancer cell anoikis resistance, influencing metastatic microenvironment, and the interaction with pre-metastatic niche formation. In addition, we also discuss the clinical utility and therapeutic potential of lncRNAs for cancer treatment. Finally, we also represent areas for future research in this rapidly developing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Khurshid Baba
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Kashmir, India
| | - Sadaf Khursheed Baba
- Department of Microbiology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Science (SKIMS), Soura, Kashmir, India
| | - Rashid Mir
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imadeldin Elfaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naseh Algehainy
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Fahad Ullah
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jameel Barnawi
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal H. Altemani
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Alanazi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Khalid Mustafa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tariq Masoodi
- Human Immunology Department, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ammira S. Alshabeeb Akil
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity, and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A. Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity, and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muzafar A. Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Kashmir, India
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5
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Jin J, Zhong XB. Epigenetic Mechanisms Contribute to Intraindividual Variations of Drug Metabolism Mediated by Cytochrome P450 Enzymes. Drug Metab Dispos 2023; 51:672-684. [PMID: 36973001 PMCID: PMC10197210 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.122.001007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant interindividual and intraindividual variations on cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated drug metabolism exist in the general population globally. Genetic polymorphisms are one of the major contribution factors for interindividual variations, but epigenetic mechanisms mainly contribute to intraindividual variations, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, microRNAs, and long non-coding RNAs. The current review provides analysis of advanced knowledge in the last decade on contributions of epigenetic mechanisms to intraindividual variations on CYP-mediated drug metabolism in several situations, including (1) ontogeny, the developmental changes of CYP expression in individuals from neonates to adults; (2) increased activities of CYP enzymes induced by drug treatment; (3) increased activities of CYP enzymes in adult ages induced by drug treatment at neonate ages; and (4) decreased activities of CYP enzymes in individuals with drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Furthermore, current challenges, knowledge gaps, and future perspective of the epigenetic mechanisms in development of CYP pharmacoepigenetics are discussed. In conclusion, epigenetic mechanisms have been proven to contribute to intraindividual variations of drug metabolism mediated by CYP enzymes in age development, drug induction, and DILI conditions. The knowledge has helped understanding how intraindividual variation are generated. Future studies are needed to develop CYP-based pharmacoepigenetics to guide clinical applications for precision medicine with improved therapeutic efficacy and reduced risk of adverse drug reactions and toxicity. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Understanding epigenetic mechanisms in contribution to intraindividual variations of CYP-mediated drug metabolism may help to develop CYP-based pharmacoepigenetics for precision medicine to improve therapeutic efficacy and reduce adverse drug reactions and toxicity for drugs metabolized by CYP enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
| | - Xiao-Bo Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut
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6
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Shabna A, Bindhya S, Sidhanth C, Garg M, Ganesan TS. Long non-coding RNAs: Fundamental regulators and emerging targets of cancer stem cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188899. [PMID: 37105414 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, primarily due to the dearth of efficient therapies that result in long-lasting remission. This is especially true in cases of metastatic cancer where drug resistance causes the disease to recur after treatment. One of the factors contributing to drug resistance, metastasis, and aggressiveness of the cancer is cancer stem cells (CSCs) or tumor-initiating cells. As a result, CSCs have emerged as a potential target for drug development. In the present review, we have examined and highlighted the lncRNAs with their regulatory functions specific to CSCs. Moreover, we have discussed the difficulties and various methods involved in identifying lncRNAs that can play a particular role in regulating and maintaining CSCs. Interestingly, this review only focuses on those lncRNAs with strong functional evidence for CSC specificity and the mechanistic role that allows them to be CSC regulators and be the focus of CSC-specific drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aboo Shabna
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Departments of Medical Oncology and Clinical Research, Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai 600020, India; Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Department of Medical Oncology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai 610016, India; Department of Endocrinology, Indian Council of Medical Research - National Institute of Nutrtion, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 50007, India
| | - Sadanadhan Bindhya
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Departments of Medical Oncology and Clinical Research, Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai 600020, India
| | - Chirukandath Sidhanth
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Departments of Medical Oncology and Clinical Research, Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai 600020, India
| | - Manoj Garg
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida 201301, India
| | - Trivadi S Ganesan
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Departments of Medical Oncology and Clinical Research, Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai 600020, India; Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Department of Medical Oncology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai 610016, India.
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7
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Yu M, Xue S, Chen X, Wu K, Ju L, Tang J, Xiong A, Chen X, Ying X. Long Non-coding RNA UCA1a Promotes Proliferation via PKM2 in Cervical Cancer. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:601-614. [PMID: 35927414 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-01042-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a common malignancy that affects women worldwide. The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) urothelial cancer-associated 1a (UCA1a) is reported to be significantly upregulated in cervical cancer. However, the exact role of UCA1a in cervical cancer remains unknown. This study aimed to identify two core promoter regions in UCA1a, which are essential for CEBPA-dependent transcription and FOXL1-, FOXL4-, and FOXL6-dependent activation, respectively. RNA sequencing results showed that overexpression of UCA1a resulted in extensive changes in the gene expression profile of HeLa cells, especially in the signaling pathway that regulates tumorgenesis. Mass spectrometry assay was conducted to show that pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) was a UCA1a-interacting protein. The 400 ~ 800 nt long region of UCA1a at the 5' end and the A1B domain of PKM2 were critical for the UCA1a-PKM2 interaction. Functional assays were performed to show that PKM2 was sufficient and necessary for UCA1a-induced proliferation of HeLa cells, which was partly due to the regulating of nuclear translocation and stabilization of PKM2. These findings provide a novel mechanism for UCA1a to regulate Hela cells by ubiquitination degradation of PKM2 and suggest that UCA1a may play a key role in the progression of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, China. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210003, China.
| | - Songlin Xue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210003, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210003, China
| | - Kaihua Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210003, China
| | - Lili Ju
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210003, China
| | - Juan Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210003, China
| | - Aiwei Xiong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210003, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Chen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research &, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Ying
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210003, China.
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8
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Akbari A, Abbasi S, Borumandnia N, Eshkiki ZS, Sedaghat M, Tabaeian SP, Kashani AF, Talebi A. Epigenetic regulation of gastrointestinal cancers mediated by long non-coding RNAs. Cancer Biomark 2022; 35:359-377. [PMID: 36404536 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-220142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), as well-known modulator of the epigenetic processes, have been shown to contribute to normal cellular physiological and pathological conditions such as cancer. Through the interaction with epigenetic regulators, an aberrant regulation of gene expression can be resulted due to their dysregulation, which in turn, can be involved in tumorigenesis. In the present study, we reviewed the lncRNAs' function and mechanisms that contributed to aberrant epigenetic regulation, which is directly related to gastrointestinal cancer (GI) development and progression. Findings indicated that epigenetic alterations may involve in tumorigenesis and are valuable biomarkers in case of diagnosing, assessing of risk factors, and predicting of GI cancers. This review summarized the accumulated evidence for biological and clinical application to use lncRNAs in GI cancers, including colorectal, gastric, oral, liver, pancreatic and oesophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Akbari
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Abbasi
- Department of Mathematics, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nasrin Borumandnia
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Shokati Eshkiki
- Alimentary Tract Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Meghdad Sedaghat
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seidamir Pasha Tabaeian
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Atefeh Talebi
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Sonawala K, Ramalingam S, Sellamuthu I. Influence of Long Non-Coding RNA in the Regulation of Cancer Stem Cell Signaling Pathways. Cells 2022; 11:3492. [PMID: 36359888 PMCID: PMC9656902 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades, cancer stem cells (CSCs) have emerged as an immensely studied and experimental topic, however a wide range of questions concerning the topic still remain unanswered; in particular, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of tumor stem cells and their characteristics. Understanding the cancer stem-cell signaling pathways may pave the way towards a better comprehension of these mechanisms. Signaling pathways such as WNT, STAT, Hedgehog, NOTCH, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, TGF-β, and NF-κB are responsible not only for modulating various features of CSCs but also their microenvironments. Recently, the prominent roles of various non-coding RNAs such as small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in developing and enhancing the tumor phenotypes have been unfolded. This review attempts to shed light on understanding the influence of long non- coding RNAs in the modulation of various CSC-signaling pathways and its impact on the CSCs and tumor properties; highlighting the protagonistic and antagonistic roles of lncRNAs.
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10
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Ebrahimi N, Saremi J, Ghanaatian M, Yazdani E, Adelian S, Samsami S, Moradi N, Rostami Ravari N, Ahmadi A, Hamblin MR, Aref AR. The role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the regulation of long noncoding RNAs in cancer. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:3752-3767. [PMID: 35959643 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells must overcome a variety of external and internal stresses to survive and proliferate. These unfavorable conditions include the accumulation of mutations, nutrient deficiency, oxidative stress, and hypoxia. These stresses can cause aggregation of misfolded proteins inside the endoplasmic reticulum. Under these conditions, the cell undergoes endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER-stress), and consequently initiates the unfolded protein response (UPR). Activation of the UPR triggers transcription factors and regulatory factors, including long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which control the gene expression profile to maintain cellular stability and hemostasis. Recent investigations have shown that cancer cells can ensure their survival under adverse conditions by the UPR affecting the expression of lncRNAs. Therefore, understanding the relationship between lncRNA expression and ER stress could open new avenues, and suggest potential therapies to treat various types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Ebrahimi
- Genetics Division, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jamileh Saremi
- Research Center for Noncommunicable Diseases, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Masoud Ghanaatian
- Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University of Jahrom, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Elnaz Yazdani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.,Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Adelian
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Sahar Samsami
- Biotechnology Department of Fasa University of Medical Science, Fasa, Iran
| | - Neda Moradi
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Nourdanesh Institute of Higher Education, University of Meymeh, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nadi Rostami Ravari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Ahmadi
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Nano and Bio Science and Technology, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Xsphera Biosciences, Translational Medicine group, 6 Tide Street, Boston, MA, 02210, USA
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11
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He Q, Guo P, Bo Z, Yu H, Yang J, Wang Y, Chen G. Noncoding RNA-mediated molecular bases of chemotherapy resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:249. [PMID: 35945536 PMCID: PMC9361533 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02643-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the significant progress in decreasing the occurrence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it remains a public health issue worldwide on the basis of its late presentation and tumor recurrence. To date, apart from surgical interventions, such as surgical resection, liver transplantation and locoregional ablation, current standard antitumor protocols include conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy. However, due to the high chemoresistance nature, most current therapeutic agents show dismal outcomes for this refractory malignancy, leading to disease relapse. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms involved in chemotherapy resistance remain systematically ambiguous. Herein, HCC is hierarchically characterized by the formation of primitive cancer stem cells (CSCs), progression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), unbalanced autophagy, delivery of extracellular vesicles (EVs), escape of immune surveillance, disruption of ferroptosis, alteration of the tumor microenvironment and multidrug resistance-related signaling pathways that mediate the multiplicity and complexity of chemoresistance. Of note, anecdotal evidence has corroborated that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) extensively participate in the critical physiological processes mentioned above. Therefore, understanding the detailed regulatory bases that underlie ncRNA-mediated chemoresistance is expected to yield novel insights into HCC treatment. In the present review, a comprehensive summary of the latest progress in the investigation of chemotherapy resistance concerning ncRNAs will be elucidated to promote tailored individual treatment for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qikuan He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pengyi Guo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Ningbo Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, 315199, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiyuan Bo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haitao Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinhuan Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China. .,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.
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12
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Hwang JH, Lee J, Choi WY, Kim MJ, Lee J, Chu KHB, Kim LK, Kim YJ. ZNF204P is a stemness-associated oncogenic long non-coding RNA in hepatocellular carcinoma. BMB Rep 2022. [PMID: 35168700 PMCID: PMC9252894 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2022.55.6.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Hwang
- Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jungwoo Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Won-Young Choi
- Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Min-Jung Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Lee
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06230, Korea
| | - Khanh Hoang Bao Chu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Lark Kyun Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06230, Korea
| | - Young-Joon Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
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13
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Schwerdtfeger M, Desiderio V, Kobold S, Regad T, Zappavigna S, Caraglia M. Long non-coding RNAs in cancer stem cells. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101134. [PMID: 34051619 PMCID: PMC8176362 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non coding RNAs are involved in the regulation of multiple cellular processes. Cancer stemness and escape from immunological anti-cancer mechanisms are important mechanisms of resistance to anti-cancer agents and are pivotal in controlling cancer development and metastases. Long non coding RNAs have deep effects on the immune-modulation and on the control of cancer stem cells. Several pathways involved in immunological escape and cancer stemness are modulated by long non coding RNAs. Targeting long non coding RNAs is a potential new strategy to control tumor development and metastases.
In recent years, it has been evidenced that the human transcriptome includes several types of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that are mainly involved in the regulation of different cellular processes. Among ncRNAs, long-non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are defined as longer than 200 nucleotides and have been shown to be involved in several physiological and pathological events, including immune system regulation and cancer. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are defined as a population of cancer cells that possess characteristics, such as resistance to standard treatments, cancer initiation, ability to undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and the ability to invade, spread, and generate metastases. The cancer microenvironment, together with genetic and epigenetic factors, is fundamental for CSC maintenance and tumor growth and progression. Unsurprisingly, lncRNAs have been involved in both CSC biology and cancer progression, prognosis and recurrence. Here we review the most recent literature on IncRNAs involvement in CSC biology and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Schwerdtfeger
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy; Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU Munich, Germany, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL)
| | - Vincenzo Desiderio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Sebastian Kobold
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, Klinikum der Universität München, LMU Munich, Germany, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL); German Center for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Partner site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tarik Regad
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Zappavigna
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
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14
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SH3BGRL3, transcribed by STAT3, facilitates glioblastoma tumorigenesis by activating STAT3 signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 556:114-120. [PMID: 33839406 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.03.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive tumors of the central nervous system. Here, we report that SH3 binding glutamic acid-rich protein like 3 (SH3BGRL3) was extremely highly expressed in GBM and glioma stem cells. SH3BGRL3 high expression associates with worse survival of GBM patients. Functionally, Targeting SH3BGRL3 obviously impairs GSCs self-renewal in vitro. Most importantly, we first report that SH3BGRL3 is a direct transcriptional target gene of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and thereby activating STAT3 signaling in turn. Additionally, forced expression of the constitutively activated STAT3 (STAT3-C) rescued GSCs self-renewal inhibited by SH3BGRL3 silencing. Collectively, we first identified a critical positive feedback loop between SH3BGRL3 and STAT3, which facilitates the tumorigenic potential of GBM.
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15
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Liu Z, Wang Y, Yuan S, Wen F, Liu J, Zou L, Zhang J. Regulatory role of long non-coding RNA UCA1 in signaling pathways and its clinical applications. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:404. [PMID: 33777227 PMCID: PMC7988699 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA metastasis-associated urothelial carcinoma associated 1 (UCA1) plays a pivotal role in various human diseases. Its gene expression is regulated by several factors, including transcription factors, chromatin remodeling and epigenetic modification. UCA1 is involved in the regulation of the PI3K/AKT, Wnt/β-catenin, MAPK, NF-κB and JAK/STAT signaling pathways, affecting a series of cellular biological functions, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion and tumor drug resistance. Furthermore, UCA1 is used as a novel potential biomarker for disease diagnosis and prognosis, as well as a target for clinical gene therapy. The present review systematically summarizes and elucidates the mechanisms of upstream transcriptional regulation of UCA1, the regulatory role of UCA1 in multiple signaling pathways in the occurrence and development of several diseases, and its potential applications in clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoping Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Shunling Yuan
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Feng Wen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Molecular Biology Research Center and Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, P.R. China
| | - Liheng Zou
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, P.R. China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
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16
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Zhang X, Zhu Y. Research Progress on Regulating LncRNAs of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Stem Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:917-927. [PMID: 33603396 PMCID: PMC7882798 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s289064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies around the world. The self-renewal, proliferation, differentiation, and tumorigenic potential of liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) may account for the high recurrence rate and the refractory feature of HCC. Despite extensive researches, the underlying regulatory mechanism of LCSCs has not been fully disclosed. Long nonprotein coding RNAs (lncRNAs) may exert an essential role in regulating various biological functions of LCSCs, such as maintaining the stemness of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and promoting tumor development. Therefore, it is highly critical to determine which lncRNAs can control LCSCs functions and understand how LCSCs are regulated by lncRNAs. Herein, we summarized lncRNAs and the main signaling pathways involved in the regulation of LCSCs found in recent years. Moreover, we shed light on the existence of the network system of lncRNAs and LCSCs, which may provide valuable clues on targeting LCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zhang
- Liver Disease Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Liver Disease Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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17
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Tsuchiya H, Shiota G. Clinical and Biological Implications of Cancer Stem Cells in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Yonago Acta Med 2021; 64:1-11. [PMID: 33642898 DOI: 10.33160/yam.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor with poor prognosis, and is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Recently, the development of therapeutic drugs via novel mechanisms of action, involving molecular-targeted drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors, has progressed in the field of HCC. However, the recurrence rate remains high, and further improvement of the prognosis of patients with HCC is urgently needed. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a promising target for further development of novel anti-cancer drugs because they are reportedly involved in tumor initiation, maintenance, recurrence, and resistance to conventional therapies. Although several studies have already been conducted, the functions and roles of CSCs in the development and progression of tumors remain to be elucidated. In this review article, we will clarify the fundamental knowledge of CSCs necessary for the understanding of CSCs and will outline so-far identified markers specific to liver CSCs and the pathological and therapeutic implications of CSCs in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Tsuchiya
- Division of Medical Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Genomic Medicine and Regenerative Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Goshi Shiota
- Division of Medical Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Genomic Medicine and Regenerative Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
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18
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Prabhakar B, Lee S, Bochanis A, He W, Manautou JE, Rasmussen TP. lnc-RHL, a novel long non-coding RNA required for the differentiation of hepatocytes from human bipotent progenitor cells. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e12978. [PMID: 33393114 PMCID: PMC7848967 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The final stage of liver development is the production of hepatocytes and cholangiocytes (biliary epithelial cells) from bipotent hepatic progenitor cells. We used HepaRG cells, which are bipotent and able to differentiate into both hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, as a model to study the action of a novel lncRNA (lnc‐RHL) and its role in the regulation of bipotency leading to hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. Materials and Methods Differentiation of HepaRG cells was assessed by marker expression and morphology which revealed their ability to differentiate into hepatocytes and cholangiocytes (modelling the behaviour of hepatoblasts in vivo). Using a qRT‐PCR and RACE, we cloned a novel lncRNA (lnc‐RHL; regulator of hepatic lineages) that is upregulated upon HepaRG differentiation. Using inducible knockdown of lnc‐RHL concurrently with differentiation, we show that lnc‐RHL is required for proper HepaRG cell differentiation resulting in diminution of the hepatocyte lineage. Results Here, we report the discovery of lnc‐RHL, a spliced and polyadenylated 670 base lncRNA expressed from the 11q23.3 apolipoprotein gene cluster. lnc‐RHL expression is confined to hepatic lineages and is upregulated when bipotent HepaRG cells are caused to differentiate. HepaRG cells made deficient for lnc‐RHL have reduced ability to differentiate into hepatocytes, but retain their ability to differentiate into cholangiocytes. Conclusions Deficiency for lnc‐RHL in HepaRG cells converts them from bipotent progenitor cells to unipotent progenitor cells with impaired ability to yield hepatocytes. We conclude that lnc‐RHL is a key regulator of bipotency in HepaRG cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soowan Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesStorrsCTUSA
| | | | - Wu He
- Flow Cytometry Core FacilityCenter for Open Research Resources and EquipmentStorrsCTUSA
| | | | - Theodore P. Rasmussen
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesStorrsCTUSA
- Institute for Systems GenomicsStorrs/FarmingtonCTUSA
- University of Connecticut Stem Cell InstituteStorrs/FarmingtonCTUSA
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19
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Li J, Zhu Y. Recent Advances in Liver Cancer Stem Cells: Non-coding RNAs, Oncogenes and Oncoproteins. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:548335. [PMID: 33117795 PMCID: PMC7575754 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.548335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide, with high morbidity, relapse, metastasis and mortality rates. Although liver surgical resection, transplantation, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and some molecular targeted therapeutics may prolong the survival of HCC patients to a certain degree, the curative effect is still poor, primarily because of tumor recurrence and the drug resistance of HCC cells. Liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs), also known as liver tumor-initiating cells, represent one small subset of cancer cells that are responsible for disease recurrence, drug resistance and death. Therefore, understanding the regulatory mechanism of LCSCs in HCC is of vital importance. Thus, new studies that present gene regulation strategies to control LCSC differentiation and replication are under development. In this review, we provide an update on the latest advances in experimental studies on non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), oncogenes and oncoproteins. All the articles addressed the crosstalk between different ncRNAs, oncogenes and oncoproteins, as well as their upstream and downstream products targeting LCSCs. In this review, we summarize three pathways, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway, and interleukin 6/Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (IL6/JAK2/STAT3) signaling pathway, and their targeting gene, c-Myc. Furthermore, we conclude that octamer 4 (OCT4) and Nanog are two important functional genes that play a pivotal role in LCSC regulation and HCC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Liver Disease Center of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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20
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Kyriazi AA, Papiris E, Kitsos Kalyvianakis K, Sakellaris G, Baritaki S. Dual Effects of Non-Coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in Cancer Stem Cell Biology. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186658. [PMID: 32932969 PMCID: PMC7556003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of cancer stem cells (CSCs) as initiators of carcinogenesis has revolutionized the era of cancer research and our perception for the disease treatment options. Additional CSC features, including self-renewal and migratory and invasive capabilities, have further justified these cells as putative diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets. Given the CSC plasticity, the identification of CSC-related biomarkers has been a serious burden in CSC characterization and therapeutic targeting. Over the past decades, a compelling amount of evidence has demonstrated critical regulatory functions of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) on the exclusive features of CSCs. We now know that ncRNAs may interfere with signaling pathways, vital for CSC phenotype maintenance, such as Notch, Wnt, and Hedgehog. Here, we discuss the multifaceted contribution of microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), as representative ncRNA classes, in sustaining the CSC-like traits, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms of their action in various CSC types. We further discuss the use of CSC-related ncRNAs as putative biomarkers of high diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina A. Kyriazi
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Division of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (A.A.K.); (E.P.); (K.K.K.)
| | - Efstathios Papiris
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Division of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (A.A.K.); (E.P.); (K.K.K.)
| | - Konstantinos Kitsos Kalyvianakis
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Division of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (A.A.K.); (E.P.); (K.K.K.)
| | - George Sakellaris
- Surgery Unit, University General Hospital, 71500 Heraklion (PAGNH), Greece;
| | - Stavroula Baritaki
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Division of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (A.A.K.); (E.P.); (K.K.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2810394727
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21
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Gu Y, Zheng X, Ji J. Liver cancer stem cells as a hierarchical society: yes or no? Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:723-735. [PMID: 32490517 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are cells possessing abilities of self-renewal, differentiation, and tumorigenicity in NOD/SCID mice. Based on this definition, multiple cell surface markers (such as CD24, CD133, CD90, and EpCAM) as well as chemical methods are discovered to enrich liver CSCs in the recent decade. Accumulated studies have revealed molecular signatures and signaling pathways involved in regulating different liver CSCs. Among liver CSCs positive for different markers, some molecular features and regulatory pathways are commonly shared, while some are only unique in certain CSC populations. These studies imply that liver CSCs exhibit diverse heterogeneity, while a functional relationship also exists. The aim of this review is to revisit the society of liver CSCs and summarize the common or unique molecular features of known liver CSCs. We hope to call for attention of researchers on the relationship of the liver CSC subgroups and to provide clues on the hierarchical structure of the liver CSC society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanzhuo Gu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Junfang Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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22
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Highly upregulated in liver cancer (HULC): An update on its role in carcinogenesis. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:9071-9079. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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23
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Yang Y, Song S, Meng Q, Wang L, Li X, Xie S, Chen Y, Jiang X, Wang C, Lu Y, Xin X, Pu H, Gui X, Li T, Xu J, Li J, Jia S, Lu D. miR24-2 accelerates progression of liver cancer cells by activating Pim1 through tri-methylation of Histone H3 on the ninth lysine. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:2772-2790. [PMID: 32030886 PMCID: PMC7077597 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several microRNAs are associated with carcinogenesis and tumour progression. Herein, our observations suggest both miR24‐2 and Pim1 are up‐regulated in human liver cancers, and miR24‐2 accelerates growth of liver cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, miR24‐2 increases the expression of N6‐adenosine‐methyltransferase METTL3 and thereafter promotes the expression of miR6079 via RNA methylation modification. Furthermore, miR6079 targets JMJD2A and then increased the tri‐methylation of histone H3 on the ninth lysine (H3K9me3). Therefore, miR24‐2 inhibits JMJD2A by increasing miR6079 and then increases H3K9me3. Strikingly, miR24‐2 increases the expression of Pim1 dependent on H3K9me3 and METTL3. Notably, our findings suggest that miR24‐2 alters several related genes (pHistone H3, SUZ12, SUV39H1, Nanog, MEKK4, pTyr) and accelerates progression of liver cancer cells through Pim1 activation. In particular, Pim1 is required for the oncogenic action of miR24‐2 in liver cancer. This study elucidates a novel mechanism for miR24‐2 in liver cancer and suggests that miR24‐2 may be used as novel therapeutic targets of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Yang
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,School of Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuting Song
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuyu Meng
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liyan Wang
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaonan Li
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sijie Xie
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingjie Chen
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxue Jiang
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanan Lu
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoru Xin
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hu Pu
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Gui
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianming Li
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Xu
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao Li
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Song Jia
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongdong Lu
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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24
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Moradi Marjaneh M, Beesley J, O'Mara TA, Mukhopadhyay P, Koufariotis LT, Kazakoff S, Hussein N, Fachal L, Bartonicek N, Hillman KM, Kaufmann S, Sivakumaran H, Smart CE, McCart Reed AE, Ferguson K, Saunus JM, Lakhani SR, Barnes DR, Antoniou AC, Dinger ME, Waddell N, Easton DF, Dunning AM, Chenevix-Trench G, Edwards SL, French JD. Non-coding RNAs underlie genetic predisposition to breast cancer. Genome Biol 2020; 21:7. [PMID: 31910864 PMCID: PMC6947989 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-019-1876-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic variants identified through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are predominantly non-coding and typically attributed to altered regulatory elements such as enhancers and promoters. However, the contribution of non-coding RNAs to complex traits is not clear. RESULTS Using targeted RNA sequencing, we systematically annotated multi-exonic non-coding RNA (mencRNA) genes transcribed from 1.5-Mb intervals surrounding 139 breast cancer GWAS signals and assessed their contribution to breast cancer risk. We identify more than 4000 mencRNA genes and show their expression distinguishes normal breast tissue from tumors and different breast cancer subtypes. Importantly, breast cancer risk variants, identified through genetic fine-mapping, are significantly enriched in mencRNA exons, but not the promoters or introns. eQTL analyses identify mencRNAs whose expression is associated with risk variants. Furthermore, chromatin interaction data identify hundreds of mencRNA promoters that loop to regions that contain breast cancer risk variants. CONCLUSIONS We have compiled the largest catalog of breast cancer-associated mencRNAs to date and provide evidence that modulation of mencRNAs by GWAS variants may provide an alternative mechanism underlying complex traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Moradi Marjaneh
- Cancer Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Current address: UK Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jonathan Beesley
- Cancer Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Tracy A O'Mara
- Cancer Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Pamela Mukhopadhyay
- Cancer Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Stephen Kazakoff
- Cancer Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nehal Hussein
- Cancer Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Laura Fachal
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Kristine M Hillman
- Cancer Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Susanne Kaufmann
- Cancer Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Haran Sivakumaran
- Cancer Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Chanel E Smart
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Amy E McCart Reed
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kaltin Ferguson
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jodi M Saunus
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sunil R Lakhani
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Daniel R Barnes
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Antonis C Antoniou
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marcel E Dinger
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicola Waddell
- Cancer Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alison M Dunning
- Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Stacey L Edwards
- Cancer Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Juliet D French
- Cancer Division, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
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Wang C, Jiang X, Li X, Song S, Meng Q, Wang L, Lu Y, Xin X, Pu H, Gui X, Li T, Lu D. Long noncoding RNA HULC accelerates the growth of human liver cancer stem cells by upregulating CyclinD1 through miR675-PKM2 pathway via autophagy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:8. [PMID: 31900225 PMCID: PMC6942366 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1528-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The functions of HULC have been demonstrated in several cancers. However, its mechanism has not been elucidated in human liver cancer stem cells. METHODS Liver cancer stem cells were isolated from Huh7 cells; gene infection and tumorigenesis test in vitro and in vivo were performed. RESULTS We demonstrate that HULC promotes growth of liver cancer stem cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, HULC enhances the expression of Sirt1 dependent on miR675 and then induces the cellular autophagy through Sirt1. HULC enhances CyclinD1 and thereby increases pRB and inhibited P21 WAF1/CIP 1 via autophagy-miR675-PKM2 pathway in human liver cancer stem cells. Ultimately, our results demonstrate that CyclinD1 is required for the oncogenic functions of HULC in liver cancer stem cells. CONCLUSIONS It reveals the key molecular signaling pathways for HULC and provides important basic information for finding effective tumor therapeutic targets based on HULC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaoxue Jiang
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaonan Li
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shuting Song
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qiuyu Meng
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Liyan Wang
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yanan Lu
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaoru Xin
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Hu Pu
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xin Gui
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Tianming Li
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Dongdong Lu
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Yu Y, Li M, Song Y, Xu J, Qi F. Overexpression of long noncoding RNA CUDR promotes hepatic differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. Mol Med Rep 2019; 21:1051-1058. [PMID: 31894319 PMCID: PMC7003026 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are capable of regulating cell differentiation and pluripotency. The objective of the present study was to explore the effect of lncRNA cancer upregulated drug resistant (CUDR) on the hepatic differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HuMSCs). HuMSCs were subjected to a hepatogenic differentiation protocol. The level of CUDR was monitored by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) following certain stages of hepatic differentiation. Lentivirus transfection was used to achieve CUDR overexpression. The hepatocyte-related proteins and mRNAs were then examined by immunofluorescence, ELISA and RT-qPCR analyses. The results showed that CUDR was upregulated during the hepatic differentiation of HuMSCs. Upregulation of CUDR can improve hepatic differentiation of HuMSCs, including hepatocyte-related genes and proteins. In addition, it was also found that liver-enriched transcription factors were upregulated after CUDR overexpression. Moreover, there was an association between the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and CUDR. In summary, these results demonstrated that the overexpression of CUDR could improve the hepatic differentiation of HuMSCs, therefore it could be an ideal source for regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabin Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221004, P.R. China
| | - Yan Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Jianbo Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Fuzhen Qi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
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Ou ZL, Luo Z, Lu YB. Long non-coding RNA HULC as a diagnostic and prognostic marker of pancreatic cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:6728-6742. [PMID: 31857775 PMCID: PMC6920662 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i46.6728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is abnormally expressed in various malignant tumors. In recent years, it has been found that IncRNA HULC is increasingly expressed in pancreatic cancer tissues and is involved in the development and progression of pancreatic cancer. However, the clinical value of serum HULC in pancreatic cancer remains unclear, and there are few studies on how HULC regulates the biological function of pancreatic cancer cells.
AIM To determine the value of lncRNA HULC in the diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer, and its possible biological potential.
METHODS Sixty patients with pancreatic cancer and sixty patients with benign pancreatic diseases admitted to Xiangya Hospital, Central South University were assigned to the pancreatic cancer group and the benign disease group, respectively, and another 60 healthy subjects were enrolled as the normal group during the same period. HULC-siRNA and NC-siRNA were transfected into pancreatic cancer cells. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine the expression of HULC in tissues, serum, and cells. Western Blot was carried out to determine the expression of β-catenin, c-myc, and cyclin D1 in cells, and the cell counting kit-8, flow cytometry, and Transwell assay were conducted to determine the proliferation, apoptosis and invasion of cells.
RESULTS Highly expressed in the tissues and serum of pancreatic cancer patients, HULC showed good clinical value in distinguishing between patients with pancreatic cancer, patients with benign pancreatic diseases and healthy subjects. HULC was related to pathological parameters including tumor size, T staging, M staging and vascular invasion, and the area-under-the-curve for evaluating these four parameters was 0.844, 0.834, 0.928 and 0.818, respectively. Patients with low expression of HULC had a significantly higher 3-year overall survival (OS) and 5-year OS than those with high expression. T staging, M staging, vascular invasion, and HULC were independent prognostic factors affecting the 3-year OS of patients with pancreatic cancer. Inhibition of HULC expression prevented the proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells, promoted apoptosis, and inhibited the expression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway-related proteins, β-catenin, c-myc, and cyclin D1. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway agonist (LiCl) restored proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells with inhibited expression of HULC.
CONCLUSION HULC is an effective marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer, which may affect the biological function of pancreatic cancer cells through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Lin Ou
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhen Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ye-Bin Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
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Xu Y, Li J, Wang P, Zhang Z, Wang X. LncRNA HULC promotes lung squamous cell carcinoma by regulating PTPRO via NF-κB. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:19415-19421. [PMID: 31448453 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating studies have implicated that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) plays a vital role in lung cancer. However, little is known of the role of lncRNA highly upregulated in liver cancer (HULC) in the pathogenesis of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). In this study, we investigated the modifying effects and underlying mechanisms of lncRNA HULC in LSCC. Significantly decreased level of lncRNA HULC was observed in LSCC samples compared with adjacent tissues. Besides, the expression of lncRNA HULC was negatively associated with protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type O (PTPRO) in LSCC. Moreover, lncRNA HULC could promote the proliferation of LSCC cells by downregulating the expression PTPRO dependent on the phosphorylation and activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). The present study firstly shows strong evidence supporting a critical role of lncRNA HULC in promoting LSCC by regulating PTPRO/NF-κB signaling pathway, which provides new promising biomarkers for LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- National Center of Occupational Safety and Health, NHC, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyun Li
- National Center of Occupational Safety and Health, NHC, Beijing, China
| | - Pingping Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Weifang Hospital of Maternal and Child Health, Weifang, China
| | - Zhenliang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xuetao Wang
- National Center of Occupational Safety and Health, NHC, Beijing, China
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Lin J, Xia L, Liang J, Han Y, Wang H, Oyang L, Tan S, Tian Y, Rao S, Chen X, Tang Y, Su M, Luo X, Wang Y, Wang H, Zhou Y, Liao Q. The roles of glucose metabolic reprogramming in chemo- and radio-resistance. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:218. [PMID: 31122265 PMCID: PMC6533757 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1214-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Reprogramming of cancer metabolism is a newly recognized hallmark of malignancy. The aberrant glucose metabolism is associated with dramatically increased bioenergetics, biosynthetic, and redox demands, which is vital to maintain rapid cell proliferation, tumor progression, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiation. When the glucose metabolism of cancer is rewiring, the characters of cancer will also occur corresponding changes to regulate the chemo- and radio-resistance of cancer. The procedure is involved in the alteration of many activities, such as the aberrant DNA repairing, enhanced autophagy, oxygen-deficient environment, and increasing exosomes secretions, etc. Targeting altered metabolic pathways related with the glucose metabolism has become a promising anti-cancer strategy. This review summarizes recent progress in our understanding of glucose metabolism in chemo- and radio-resistance malignancy, and highlights potential molecular targets and their inhibitors for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinguan Lin
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Longzheng Xia
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Jiaxin Liang
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yaqian Han
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Heran Wang
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Linda Oyang
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Shiming Tan
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yutong Tian
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Shan Rao
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Min Su
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xia Luo
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Wang
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yujuan Zhou
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
| | - Qianjin Liao
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University and Hunan Cancer Hospital, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Province, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
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LncRNAs with miRNAs in regulation of gastric, liver, and colorectal cancers: updates in recent years. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:4649-4677. [PMID: 31062053 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09837-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is a kind of RNAi molecule composed of hundreds to thousands of nucleotides. There are several major types of functional lncRNAs which participate in some important cellular pathways. LncRNA-RNA interaction controls mRNA translation and degradation or serves as a microRNA (miRNA) sponge for silencing. LncRNA-protein interaction regulates protein activity in transcriptional activation and silencing. LncRNA guide, decoy, and scaffold regulate transcription regulators of enhancer or repressor region of the coding genes for alteration of expression. LncRNA plays a role in cellular responses including the following activities: regulation of chromatin structural modification and gene expression for epigenetic and cell function control, promotion of hematopoiesis and maturation of immunity, cell programming in stem cell and somatic cell development, modulation of pathogen infection, switching glycolysis and lipid metabolism, and initiation of autoimmune diseases. LncRNA, together with miRNA, are considered the critical elements in cancer development. It has been demonstrated that tumorigenesis could be driven by homeostatic imbalance of lncRNA/miRNA/cancer regulatory factors resulting in biochemical and physiological alterations inside the cells. Cancer-driven lncRNAs with other cellular RNAs, epigenetic modulators, or protein effectors may change gene expression level and affect the viability, immortality, and motility of the cells that facilitate cancer cell cycle rearrangement, angiogenesis, proliferation, and metastasis. Molecular medicine will be the future trend for development. LncRNA/miRNA could be one of the potential candidates in this category. Continuous studies in lncRNA functional discrepancy between cancer cells and normal cells and regional and rational genetic differences of lncRNA profiles are critical for clinical research which is beneficial for clinical practice.
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Li N, Zhu Y. Targeting liver cancer stem cells for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2019; 12:1756284818821560. [PMID: 30719075 PMCID: PMC6348509 DOI: 10.1177/1756284818821560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors and prognosis remains poor. It has been increasingly recognized that liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) are responsible for the carcinogenesis, recurrence, metastasis and chemoresistance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Targeting LCSCs is promising to be a new direction for the treatment of HCC. Herein, we summarize the potentially therapeutic targets in LCSCs at the level of genes, molecules and cells, such as knockout of oncogenes or oncoproteins, restoring the silent tumor suppressor genes, inhibition of the transcription factors and regulation of noncoding RNAs (including microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs) in LCSCs at the genetic level; inhibition of markers and blockade of the key signaling pathways of LCSCs at the molecular level; and inhibiting autophagy and application of oncolytic adenoviruses in LCSCs at the cellular level. Moreover, we analyze the potential targets in LCSCs to eliminate chemoresistance of HCC. Thereinto, the suppression of autophagy and Nanog by chloroquine and shRNA respectively may be the most promising targeting approaches. These targets may provide novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of HCC by targeting LCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Ma Z, Wang YY, Xin HW, Wang L, Arfuso F, Dharmarajan A, Kumar AP, Wang H, Tang FR, Warrier S, Tergaonkar V, Sethi G. The expanding roles of long non-coding RNAs in the regulation of cancer stem cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 108:17-20. [PMID: 30630112 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a novel class of gene regulators playing multifaceted roles in physiological processes as well as pathological conditions such as cancer. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subset of tumor cells that constitute the origin and development of various malignant tumors. CSCs have been identified in a wide spectrum of human tumors and could act as a critical link underlying the processes of tumor metastasis and recurrence. Mounting evidence indicates that lncRNAs are aberrantly expressed in diverse CSCs and regulate CSC properties at different molecular levels. Here, we very briefly summarize the recent findings on the potential roles of lncRNAs in regulating various functions of CSCs, and elaborate on how can lncRNAs impact CSC properties via interacting with other macromolecules at the epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels. This mini-review also highlights the understanding of the modular regulatory principles of lncRNA interactions in CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowu Ma
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China; School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China
| | - Ying-Ying Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China; School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China
| | - Hong-Wu Xin
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China; School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Frank Arfuso
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Arunasalam Dharmarajan
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore; Singapore Nuclear Research and Safety Initiative, National University of Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Feng Ru Tang
- Singapore Nuclear Research and Safety Initiative, National University of Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Sudha Warrier
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal University, Bangalore, 560 065, India.
| | - Vinay Tergaonkar
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology (A⁎STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore, 138673, Singapore; Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
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Lin YH, Wu MH, Yeh CT, Lin KH. Long Non-Coding RNAs as Mediators of Tumor Microenvironment and Liver Cancer Cell Communication. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123742. [PMID: 30477236 PMCID: PMC6321423 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is an important concept that defines cancer development not only through tumor cells themselves but also the surrounding cellular and non-cellular components, including stromal cells, blood vessels, infiltrating inflammatory cells, cancer stem cells (CSC), cytokines, and growth factors, which act in concert to promote tumor cell survival and metastasis. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and aggressive human malignancies worldwide. Poor prognosis is largely attributable to the high rate of tumor metastasis, highlighting the importance of identifying patients at risk in advance and developing novel therapeutic targets to facilitate effective intervention. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) are a class of non-protein coding transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides frequently dysregulated in various cancer types, which have multiple functions in widespread biological processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, and metabolism. lncRNAs are involved in regulation of the tumor microenvironment and reciprocal signaling between cancer cells. Targeting of components of the tumor microenvironment or cancer cells has become a considerable focus of therapeutic research and establishing the effects of different lncRNAs on this network should aid in the development of effective treatment strategies. The current review provides a summary of the essential properties and functional roles of known lncRNAs associated with the tumor microenvironment in HCC.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers, Tumor/antagonists & inhibitors
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cytokines/genetics
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Epigenesis, Genetic
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Hepatocytes/drug effects
- Hepatocytes/metabolism
- Hepatocytes/pathology
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Macrophages/pathology
- Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/drug effects
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- RNA, Long Noncoding/antagonists & inhibitors
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects
- Tumor Microenvironment/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Hsiang Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Meng-Han Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Kwang-Huei Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
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34
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Neve B, Jonckheere N, Vincent A, Van Seuningen I. Epigenetic Regulation by lncRNAs: An Overview Focused on UCA1 in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10110440. [PMID: 30441811 PMCID: PMC6266399 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10110440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancers have become the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. In particular, acquired chemoresistance and metastatic lesions occurring in colorectal cancer are a major challenge for chemotherapy treatment. Accumulating evidence shows that long non-coding (lncRNAs) are involved in the initiation, progression, and metastasis of cancer. We here discuss the epigenetic mechanisms through which lncRNAs regulate gene expression in cancer cells. In the second part of this review, we focus on the role of lncRNA Urothelial Cancer Associated 1 (UCA1) to integrate research in different types of cancer in order to decipher its putative function and mechanism of regulation in colorectal cancer cells. UCA1 is highly expressed in cancer cells and mediates transcriptional regulation on an epigenetic level through the interaction with chromatin modifiers, by direct regulation via chromatin looping and/or by sponging the action of a diversity of miRNAs. Furthermore, we discuss the role of UCA1 in the regulation of cell cycle progression and its relation to chemoresistance in colorectal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Neve
- Inserm UMR-S 1172, Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer (JPArc), Team "Mucins, Epithelial Differentiation and Carcinogenesis"; University Lille; CHU Lille,59045, Lille CEDEX, France.
| | - Nicolas Jonckheere
- Inserm UMR-S 1172, Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer (JPArc), Team "Mucins, Epithelial Differentiation and Carcinogenesis"; University Lille; CHU Lille,59045, Lille CEDEX, France.
| | - Audrey Vincent
- Inserm UMR-S 1172, Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer (JPArc), Team "Mucins, Epithelial Differentiation and Carcinogenesis"; University Lille; CHU Lille,59045, Lille CEDEX, France.
| | - Isabelle Van Seuningen
- Inserm UMR-S 1172, Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer (JPArc), Team "Mucins, Epithelial Differentiation and Carcinogenesis"; University Lille; CHU Lille,59045, Lille CEDEX, France.
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35
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Yang Y, Meng Q, Wang C, Li X, Lu Y, Xin X, Zheng Q, Lu D. MicroRNA 675 cooperates PKM2 to aggravate progression of human liver cancer stem cells induced from embryonic stem cells. J Mol Med (Berl) 2018; 96:1119-1130. [PMID: 30140938 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-018-1687-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Both miR675 and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) contribute to malignant progression of tumor, but its functions in liver cancer stem cells remain unclear. Herein, our findings indicate that miR675 plus PKM2 strongly promotes the growth of liver cancer stem cells. Mechanistically, miR675 plus PKM2 enhances the transcriptional activity of SUV39h2. On the other hand, the excessive SUV39h2 binds to more substrate histone H3, triggering an increase of tri-methylation of histone H3 on the ninth lysine. Furthermore, the tri-methylation of histone 3 on the ninth lysine (H3K9me3)-heterochromatin protein 1 alpha (HP1α) complex is increased when the complex occupancy ability on the C-myc promoter region is raised, recruiting CREB, P300, and RNApolII to the special position that results in C-myc high abundance. Therefore, miR675 plus PKM2 triggered the upregulation of C-myc by increasing the interaction between H3K9me3 and HP1α. Understanding the signaling pathways that miR675 plus PKM2 epigenetically possesses during the malignant transformation of liver cancer stem cells will contribute to more effective liver cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Yang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qiuyu Meng
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaonan Li
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yanan Lu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaoru Xin
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qidi Zheng
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Dongdong Lu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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The emerging role of lncRNAs in the regulation of cancer stem cells. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2018; 41:585-603. [PMID: 30218296 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-018-0406-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumors contain a functional subpopulation of cells that exhibit stem cell properties. These cells, named cancer stem cells (CSCs), play significant roles in the initiation and progression of cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can act at the transcriptional, posttranscriptional and translational level. As such, they may be involved in various biological processes such as DNA damage repair, inflammation, metabolism, cell survival, cell signaling, cell growth and differentiation. Accumulating evidence indicates that lncRNAs are key regulators of the CSC subpopulation, thereby contributing to cancer progression. The aim of this review is to overview current knowledge about the functional role and the mechanisms of action of lncRNAs in the initiation, maintenance and regulation of CSCs derived from different neoplasms. These lncRNAs include CTCF7, ROR, DILC, HOTAIR, H19, HOTTIP, ATB, HIF2PUT, SOX2OT, MALAT-1, CUDR, Lnc34a, Linc00617, DYNC2H1-4, PVT1, SOX4 and ARSR Uc.283-plus. Furthermore, we will illustrate how lncRNAs may regulate asymmetric CSC division and contribute to self-renewal, drug resistance and EMT, thus affecting the metastasis and recurrence of different cancers. In addition, we will highlight the implications of targeting lncRNAs to improve the efficacy of conventional drug therapies and to hamper CSC survival and proliferation. CONCLUSIONS lncRNAs are valuable tools in the search for new targets to selectively eliminate CSCs and improve clinical outcomes. LncRNAs may serve as excellent therapeutic targets because they are stable, easily detectable and expressed in tissue-specific contexts.
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Sun H, Huang Z, Sheng W, Xu MD. Emerging roles of long non-coding RNAs in tumor metabolism. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:106. [PMID: 30134946 PMCID: PMC6104013 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0648-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Compared with normal cells, tumor cells display distinct metabolic characteristics. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a large class of regulatory RNA molecules with limited or no protein-coding capacity, play key roles in tumorigenesis and progression. Recent advances have revealed that lncRNAs play a vital role in cell metabolism by regulating the reprogramming of the metabolic pathways in cancer cells. LncRNAs could regulate various metabolic enzymes that integrate cell malignant transformation and metabolic reprogramming. In addition to the known functions of lncRNAs in regulating glycolysis and glucose homeostasis, recent studies also implicate lncRNAs in amino acid and lipid metabolism. These observations reveal the high complexity of the malignant metabolism. Elucidating the metabolic-related functions of lncRNAs will provide a better understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of metabolism and thus may provide insights for the clinical development of cancer diagnostics, prognostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhaohui Huang
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiqi Sheng
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Mi-Die Xu
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Pathology, Tissue bank, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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38
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Hahne JC, Valeri N. Non-Coding RNAs and Resistance to Anticancer Drugs in Gastrointestinal Tumors. Front Oncol 2018; 8:226. [PMID: 29967761 PMCID: PMC6015885 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs are important regulators of gene expression and transcription. It is well established that impaired non-coding RNA expression especially the one of long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs is involved in a number of pathological conditions including cancer. Non-coding RNAs are responsible for the development of resistance to anticancer treatments as they regulate drug resistance-related genes, affect intracellular drug concentrations, induce alternative signaling pathways, alter drug efficiency via blocking cell cycle regulation, and DNA damage response. Furthermore, they can prevent therapeutic-induced cell death and promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and elicit non-cell autonomous mechanisms of resistance. In this review, we summarize the role of non-coding RNAs for different mechanisms resulting in drug resistance (e.g., drug transport, drug metabolism, cell cycle regulation, regulation of apoptotic pathways, cancer stem cells, and EMT) in the context of gastrointestinal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens C. Hahne
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Valeri
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Marsden NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
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39
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Noncoding RNAs in liver cancer stem cells: The big impact of little things. Cancer Lett 2018; 418:51-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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40
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Yang P, Qiu Z, Jiang Y, Dong L, Yang W, Gu C, Li G, Zhu Y. Silencing of cZNF292 circular RNA suppresses human glioma tube formation via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Oncotarget 2018; 7:63449-63455. [PMID: 27613831 PMCID: PMC5325376 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
CircRNA is a novel type of RNA molecule formed by a covalently closed loop which have no 5'-3' polarity and possess no polyA tail and relatively stable due to the cyclic structure. Therefore, they may serve as potential targets and diagnosis biomarkers for tumor therapy. cZNF292 is an important circular oncogenic RNA and plays a critical role in the progression of tube formation. This study is aimed at exploring the role of cZNF292 in human glioma tube formation and its potential mechanism of action. We found that cZNF292 silencing suppresses tube formation by inhibiting glioma cell proliferation and cell cycle progression. Cell cycle progression in human glioma U87MG and U251 cells was halted at S/G2/M phase via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and related genes such as PRR11, Cyclin A, p-CDK2, VEGFR-1/2, p-VEGFR-1/2 and EGFR. The results suggest that cZNF292 silencing plays an important role in the tube formation process and has potential for application as a therapeutic target and biomarker in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vessels and Neural Degeneration, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhijun Qiu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Jiang
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Educational Ministry of China, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University School of Medicine, GA, USA
| | - Wensheng Yang
- School of Pharmacal Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Gu
- Department of Genetics, College of Basic Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guang Li
- Department of Genetics, College of Basic Medicine, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vessels and Neural Degeneration, Tianjin, China
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41
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Zhu SP, Wang JY, Wang XG, Zhao JP. Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 00858 functions as a competing endogenous RNA for miR-422a to facilitate the cell growth in non-small cell lung cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 9:475-486. [PMID: 28177876 PMCID: PMC5361675 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is dysregulated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the functions and contributions of lncRNAs remain largely unknown. Here, we identified a critical role of long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 00858 (LINC00858) in NSCLC. Ectopic expression of LINC00858 in NSCLC cells promoted cell proliferation and induced cell migration and invasion. Moreover, LINC00858 functioned as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA), effectively becoming sponge for miR-422a and thereby modulating the expression of kallikrein-related peptidase 4 (KLK4). In NSCLC patients, high expression of LINC00858 closely correlated with tumor progression. Thus, targeting the ceRNA network involving LINC00858 may be used as a treatment strategy against NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Ping Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, ZhongNan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430071 Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Yu Wang
- Department of Oncology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, 430015 Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Guo Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, ZhongNan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430071 Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Ping Zhao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, ZhongNan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430071 Wuhan, P. R. China
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42
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Mehra M, Chauhan R. Long Noncoding RNAs as a Key Player in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. BIOMARKERS IN CANCER 2017; 9:1179299X17737301. [PMID: 29147078 PMCID: PMC5673005 DOI: 10.1177/1179299x17737301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major malignancy in the liver and has emerged as one of the main cancers in the world with a high mortality rate. However, the molecular mechanisms of HCC are still poorly understood. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently come to the forefront as functional non-protein-coding RNAs that are involved in a variety of cellular processes ranging from maintaining the structural integrity of chromosomes to gene expression regulation in a spatiotemporal manner. Many recent studies have reported the involvement of lncRNAs in HCC which has led to a better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms operating in HCC. Long noncoding RNAs have been shown to regulate development and progression of HCC, and thus, lncRNAs have both diagnostic and therapeutic potentials. In this review, we present an overview of the lncRNAs involved in different stages of HCC and their potential in clinical applications which have been studied so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrigaya Mehra
- Studio of Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Chennai, India
| | - Ranjit Chauhan
- Department of Hepatology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Molecular Virology and Hepatology Research Group, Division of BioMedical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Memorial University, St John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
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Zhong Y, Chen Z, Guo S, Liao X, Xie H, Zheng Y, Cai B, Huang P, Liu Y, Zhou Q, Liu Y, Huang W. TUG1, SPRY4-IT1, and HULC as valuable prognostic biomarkers of survival in cancer: A PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8583. [PMID: 29145271 PMCID: PMC5704816 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) are involved in the development and progression of various cancers. Accumulating evidences indicated that expression of lncRNAs was related to the prognosis of tumors. METHODS Here, 3 well-known lncRNAs associated with cancer were gathered to prove the potential role of lncRNAs as novel predictors of survival in human cancer. This meta-analysis collected all eligible studies about TUG1, SPRY4-IT1, and HULC and explored the relationship between lncRNAs expression and lymph node metastasis (LNM) or overall survival (OS). A comprehensive, computerized literature search was undertaken by using PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science (up to October 10, 2017). Strength of association between 3 lncRNAs and cancer prognosis was assessed by computing the hazard ratios (HR) with its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, respectively, 10, 9, and 7 studies of 3 lncRNAs were included in this meta-analysis. RESULTS In the current meta-analysis, it could be concluded that the expression of these 3 lncRNAs in tumor tissues is not a direct evidence of LNM. In general, there was a significant negative correlation between TUG1 levels and OS time (pooled HR 1.54, 95% CI 1.06-2.24), SPRY4-IT1 levels and OS time (pooled HR 2.12, 95% CI 1.58-2.86) and HULC levels and OS time (pooled HR 2.10, 95% CI 1.18-3.73). It could be revealed from the result that high level expression of these 3 lncRNAs might be correlated with a bad prognosis. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the current meta-analysis demonstrated that TUG1, SPRY4-IT1, and HULC might serve as a moderate predictor of survival in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen
| | - Zhicong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, The Institute of Urology, Peking University, National Urological Cancer Centre, Beijing
| | - Shuyuan Guo
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xinhui Liao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen
| | - Haibiao Xie
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen
| | - Yien Zheng
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Bin Cai
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | | | - Yuhan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen
| | - Qun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen
| | - Weiren Huang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Reprogramming Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen
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44
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Chen S, Zhu J, Wang F, Guan Z, Ge Y, Yang X, Cai J. LncRNAs and their role in cancer stem cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:110685-110692. [PMID: 29299179 PMCID: PMC5746414 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a vital role in the formation of tumors and have been studied as a target of anticancer therapy. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important in the genesis and progression of cancer. Various lncRNAs, such as ROR, HOTAIR, H19, UCA1, and ARSR, are involved in cancer stemness. These lncRNAs could regulate the expression of CSC-related transcriptional factors, such as SOX2, OCT4, and NANOG, in colorectal, prostate, bladder, breast, liver, and other cancer types. In this work, we review the progress of lncRNAs and cancer stem cells and discuss the potential signal pathways of lncRNAs in cancer stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shusen Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226321, China
| | - Jiamin Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226321, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226321, China
| | - Zhifeng Guan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226321, China
| | - Yangyang Ge
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226321, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226321, China
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Ma Z, Huang H, Xu Y, He X, Wang J, Hui B, Ji H, Zhou J, Wang K. Current advances of long non-coding RNA highly upregulated in liver cancer in human tumors. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:4711-4717. [PMID: 29026319 PMCID: PMC5626378 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s136915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) >200 nucleotides in length that govern diverse biological processes. Recent evidence suggests that lncRNAs are involved in cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration, and metastasis. Dysregulation of lncRNAs has been observed in various tumors, and lncRNAs act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in these malignancies. It has been revealed that lncRNA highly upregulated in liver cancer (HULC) is tightly correlated with a number of cancers such as hepatocellular carcinoma, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, osteosarcoma, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Depletion of HULC suppressed cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and induced apoptosis. Additionally, HULC may function as a diagnostic biomarker and prognostic indicator for some tumors. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the role of HULC in cancer progression and the clinical management of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical College.,Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital
| | - Hesuyuan Huang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital
| | - Yetao Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital
| | - Xuezhi He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jirong Wang
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital
| | - Bingqing Hui
- The Second Clinical Medical College.,Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital
| | - Hao Ji
- The Second Clinical Medical College.,Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital
| | - Jing Zhou
- The Second Clinical Medical College.,Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital
| | - Keming Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College.,Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital
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46
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Sun CC, Zhang L, Li G, Li SJ, Chen ZL, Fu YF, Gong FY, Bai T, Zhang DY, Wu QM, Li DJ. The lncRNA PDIA3P Interacts with miR-185-5p to Modulate Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression by Targeting Cyclin D2. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2017; 9:100-110. [PMID: 29246288 PMCID: PMC5626923 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2017.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as important regulators during tumorigenesis by serving as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs). In this study, the qRT-PCR results indicated that the lncRNA protein disulfide isomerase family A member 3 pseudogene 1 (PDIA3P) was overexpressed in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and decreased the survival rate of OSCC patients. CCK-8 and clonal colony formation assays were used to detect the effects of PDIA3P on proliferation. Results revealed that silencing PDIA3P by small interfering RNA (siRNA) inhibited OSCC cell proliferation and repressed tumor growth and reduced the expression of proliferation antigen Ki-67 in vivo. Furthermore, the interaction between PDIA3P and miRNAs was then analyzed by qRT-PCR and luciferase reporter gene assay. We found that PDIA3P negatively regulated miR-185-5p in OSCC cells. Simultaneously, we found that silencing PDIA3P by siRNA suppressed proliferation via miR-185-5p in OSCC cells. Moreover, silencing PDIA3P by siRNA inhibited CCND2 protein (no influence on mRNA levels) expression via miR-185-5p in OSCC cells, and CCND2 facilitated cell proliferation of SCC4 and SCC15 cells induced by sh-PDIA3P#1. Therefore, our study demonstrated that PDIA3P may be a therapeutic target for the treatment of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Cao Sun
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China.
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Guang Li
- Department of Oncology, Wuhan Pu-Ai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430034, China
| | - Shu-Jun Li
- Wuhan Hospital for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Diseases, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhen-Long Chen
- Wuhan Hospital for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Diseases, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yun-Feng Fu
- The Third Xiang-ya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Feng-Yun Gong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Medical Treatment Center, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Tao Bai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Medical Treatment Center, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Ding-Yu Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Medical Treatment Center, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Qing-Ming Wu
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China.
| | - De-Jia Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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47
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Chi HC, Tsai CY, Tsai MM, Yeh CT, Lin KH. Roles of Long Noncoding RNAs in Recurrence and Metastasis of Radiotherapy-Resistant Cancer Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18091903. [PMID: 28872613 PMCID: PMC5618552 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a well-established therapeutic regimen applied to treat at least half of all cancer patients worldwide. Radioresistance of cancers or failure to treat certain tumor types with radiation is associated with enhanced local invasion, metastasis and poor prognosis. Elucidation of the biological characteristics underlying radioresistance is therefore critical to ensure the development of effective strategies to resolve this issue, which remains an urgent medical problem. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) comprise a small population of tumor cells that constitute the origin of most cancer cell types. CSCs are virtually resistant to radiotherapy, and consequently contribute to recurrence and disease progression. Metastasis is an increasing problem in resistance to cancer radiotherapy and closely associated with the morbidity and mortality rates of several cancer types. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that radiation induces epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) accompanied by increased cancer recurrence, metastasis and CSC generation. CSCs are believed to serve as the basis of metastasis. Previous studies indicate that CSCs contribute to the generation of metastasis, either in a direct or indirect manner. Moreover, the heterogeneity of CSCs may be responsible for organ specificity and considerable complexity of metastases. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of noncoding molecules over 200 nucleotides in length involved in the initiation and progression of several cancer types. Recently, lncRNAs have attracted considerable attention as novel critical regulators of cancer progression and metastasis. In the current review, we have discussed lncRNA-mediated regulation of CSCs following radiotherapy, their association with tumor metastasis and significance in radioresistance of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Cheng Chi
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University/Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-Ying Tsai
- Kidney Research Center and Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Ming Tsai
- Department of Nursing, Chang-Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
- Department of General Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan.
| | - Chau-Ting Yeh
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
| | - Kwang-Huei Lin
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
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48
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Liu Y, Tao Z, Qu J, Zhou X, Zhang C. Long non-coding RNA PCAT7 regulates ELF2 signaling through inhibition of miR-134-5p in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 491:374-381. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.07.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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49
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Zhang CZ. Long intergenic non-coding RNA 668 regulates VEGFA signaling through inhibition of miR-297 in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 489:404-412. [PMID: 28564590 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.05.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to have crucial regulatory efficiency in human cancer biology. Long intergenic non-coding RNA 668 (LINC00668) was regarded as an oncogene in multiple cancers. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of LINC00668 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has not been studied. In this study, we first demonstrated that LINC00668 expression was up-regulated, which was correlated with tumor progression, and miR-297 down-regulated in OSCC tissues and cells. Importantly, LINC00668 expression was negatively correlated with miR-297 expression in OSCC tissues. Loss-of-function of LINC00668 revealed that LINC00668 functioned as a ceRNA for miR-297 to facilitate VEGFA expression, promoting OSCC progression. Furthermore, LINC00668 knockdown suppressed tumor growth and reduced the expression of proliferation antigen ki-67 in vivo. Finally, we confirmed that LINC00668 promoted OSCC activity through VEGFA signaling. In conclusion, these results suggest that LINC00668 promotes OSCC tumorigenesis via miR-297/VEGFA axis, which may provide a new target for the diagnosis and therapy of OSCC disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Zheng Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Luoyu Rd. 237, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China.
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50
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Heery R, Finn SP, Cuffe S, Gray SG. Long Non-Coding RNAs: Key Regulators of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, Tumour Drug Resistance and Cancer Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9040038. [PMID: 28430163 PMCID: PMC5406713 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9040038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), the adoption by epithelial cells of a mesenchymal-like phenotype, is a process co-opted by carcinoma cells in order to initiate invasion and metastasis. In addition, it is becoming clear that is instrumental to both the development of drug resistance by tumour cells and in the generation and maintenance of cancer stem cells. EMT is thus a pivotal process during tumour progression and poses a major barrier to the successful treatment of cancer. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNA) often utilize epigenetic programs to regulate both gene expression and chromatin structure. One type of ncRNA, called long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), has become increasingly recognized as being both highly dysregulated in cancer and to play a variety of different roles in tumourigenesis. Indeed, over the last few years, lncRNAs have rapidly emerged as key regulators of EMT in cancer. In this review, we discuss the lncRNAs that have been associated with the EMT process in cancer and the variety of molecular mechanisms and signalling pathways through which they regulate EMT, and finally discuss how these EMT-regulating lncRNAs impact on both anti-cancer drug resistance and the cancer stem cell phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Heery
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Rm 2.09, Trinity Translational Medical Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin D08 W9RT, Ireland.
- Masters in Translational Oncology Program, Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Translational Medical Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin D08 W9RT, Ireland.
| | - Stephen P Finn
- Department of Histopathology & Morbid Anatomy, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D08 RX0X, Ireland.
| | - Sinead Cuffe
- HOPE Directorate, St. James's Hospital, Dublin D08 RT2X, Ireland.
| | - Steven G Gray
- Thoracic Oncology Research Group, Rm 2.09, Trinity Translational Medical Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin D08 W9RT, Ireland.
- HOPE Directorate, St. James's Hospital, Dublin D08 RT2X, Ireland.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D02 R590, Ireland.
- Labmed Directorate, St. James's Hospital, Dublin D08 K0Y5, Ireland.
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