1
|
Chapa-Villarreal FA, Miller M, Rodriguez-Cruz JJ, Pérez-Carlos D, Peppas NA. Self-assembled block copolymer biomaterials for oral delivery of protein therapeutics. Biomaterials 2023; 300:122191. [PMID: 37295223 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Protein therapeutics have guided a transformation in disease treatment for various clinical conditions. They have been successful in numerous applications, but administration of protein therapeutics has been limited to parenteral routes which can decrease patient compliance as they are invasive and painful. In recent years, the synergistic relationship of novel biomaterials with modern protein therapeutics has been crucial in the treatment of diseases that were once thought of as incurable. This has guided the development of a variety of alternative administration routes, but the oral delivery of therapeutics remains one of the most desirable due to its ease of administration. This review addresses important aspects of micellar structures prepared by self-assembled processes with applications for oral delivery. These two characteristics have not been placed together in previous literature within the field. Therefore, we describe the barriers for delivery of protein therapeutics, and we concentrate in the oral/transmucosal pathway where drug carriers must overcome several chemical, physical, and biological barriers to achieve a successful therapeutic effect. We critically discuss recent research on biomaterials systems for delivering such therapeutics with an emphasis on self-assembled synthetic block copolymers. Polymerization methods and nanoparticle preparation techniques are similarly analyzed as well as relevant work in this area. Based on our own and others' research, we analyze the use of block copolymers as therapeutic carriers and their promise in treating a variety of diseases, with emphasis on self-assembled micelles for the next generation of oral protein therapeutic systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola A Chapa-Villarreal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX, USA
| | - Matthew Miller
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX, USA
| | - J Jesus Rodriguez-Cruz
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Diego Pérez-Carlos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX, USA
| | - Nicholas A Peppas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery, and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin TX, USA; Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Navarro S, Ventura S. Computational re-design of protein structures to improve solubility. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2019; 14:1077-1088. [DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2019.1637413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Navarro
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Parc de Recerca UAB, Mòdul B, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Salvador Ventura
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Parc de Recerca UAB, Mòdul B, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Affiliation(s)
- Rob Saurabh Aggarwal
- Novel Health Strategies LLC, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, and the Institute for Global Policy Research, Washington, DC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sandra K, Vandenheede I, Sandra P. Modern chromatographic and mass spectrometric techniques for protein biopharmaceutical characterization. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1335:81-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
5
|
Analysis of the landscape of biologically-derived pharmaceuticals in Europe: dominant production systems, molecule types on the rise and approval trends. Eur J Pharm Sci 2012; 48:428-41. [PMID: 23262060 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2012.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A thorough sort of the human drugs approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) between its establishment in 1995 until June 2012 is presented herein with a focus on biologically-derived pharmaceuticals. Over 200 (33%) of the 640 approved therapeutic drugs are derived from natural sources, produced via recombinant DNA technology, or generated through virus propagation. A breakdown based on production method, type of molecule and therapeutic category is presented. Current EMA approvals demonstrate that mammalian cells are the only choice for glycoprotein drugs, with Chinese hamster ovary cells being the dominant hosts for their production. On the other hand, bacterial cells and specifically Escherichia coli are the dominant hosts for protein-based drugs, followed by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The latter is the dominant host for recombinant vaccine production, although egg-based production is still the main platform of vaccine provision. Our findings suggest that the majority of biologically-derived drugs are prescribed for cancer and related conditions, as well as the treatment of diabetes. The approval rate for biologically-derived drugs shows a strong upward trend for monoclonal antibodies and fusion proteins since 2009, while hormones, antibodies and growth factors remain the most populous categories. Despite a clear pathway for the approval of biosimilars set by the EMA and their potential to drive sales growth, we have only found approved biosimilars for three molecules. In 2012 there appears to be a slow-down in approvals, which coincides with a reported decline in the growth rate of biologics sales.
Collapse
|
6
|
Aggregation mechanism of an IgG2 and two IgG1 monoclonal antibodies at low pH: from oligomers to larger aggregates. Pharm Res 2012; 30:641-54. [PMID: 23054090 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-012-0885-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the aggregation mechanism and the stability characteristics of three different monoclonal antibodies under acidic conditions. METHODS The aggregation kinetics is analyzed by a combination of light scattering, size exclusion chromatography and fluorescence techniques and the aggregation data are correlated to protein structure, hydrophobicity, charge and antibody subclass. RESULTS In the investigated conditions, the antibody aggregation follows a mechanism consisting of two-steps: reversible monomer oligomerization followed by irreversible cluster-cluster aggregation. The kinetics of the two steps is differently affected by the operating conditions: mild destabilizing conditions induce formation of oligomers which are stable within weeks, while stronger denaturing conditions promote aggregation of oligomers to larger aggregates which eventually precipitate. For different antibodies significant differences in both oligomerization and growth rates are found, even for antibodies belonging to the same subclass. For all antibodies the aggregate formation is accompanied by a structure re-organization with an increase in the ordered β-sheet structures. At low pH the aggregation propensity of the investigated antibodies does not correlate with antibody subclass, surface net charge and hydrophobicity of the non-native state. CONCLUSIONS The aggregation mechanism of three antibodies in acidic conditions as well as differences and analogies in their stability behavior has been characterized.
Collapse
|
7
|
Arosio P, Rima S, Lattuada M, Morbidelli M. Population Balance Modeling of Antibodies Aggregation Kinetics. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:7066-75. [DOI: 10.1021/jp301091n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marco Lattuada
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, CH-1723 Marly 1, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen X, Zaro JL, Shen WC. Pharmacokinetics of recombinant bifunctional fusion proteins. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2012; 8:581-95. [PMID: 22428984 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2012.673585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The development of biotechnology has enabled the creation of various recombinant fusion proteins as a new class of biotherapeutics. The uniqueness of fusion proteins lies in their ability to fuse two or more protein domains, providing vast opportunities to generate novel combinations of functions. Pharmacokinetic (PK) studies, which are critical components in preclinical and clinical drug development, have not been fully explored for fusion proteins. The lack of general PK models and study guidelines has become a bottleneck for translation of fusion proteins from basic research to the clinic. AREAS COVERED This article reviews the current status of PK studies for fusion proteins, covering the processes that affect PK. According to their PK properties, a classification of fusion proteins is suggested along with examples from the clinic or under development. Current limitations and future perspectives for PK of fusion proteins are also discussed. EXPERT OPINION A PK model for bifunctional fusion proteins is presented to highlight the importance of mechanistic studies for a thorough understanding of the PK properties of fusion proteins. The model suggests investigating the receptor binding and subsequent intracellular disposition of individual domains, which can have dramatic impact on the PK of fusion proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Chen
- University of Southern California School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, CA 90089-9121, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
Mueller C, Capelle MA, Arvinte T, Seyrek E, Borchard G. Tryptophan-mPEGs: Novel excipients that stabilize salmon calcitonin against aggregation by non-covalent PEGylation. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2011; 79:646-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2011.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2010] [Revised: 05/31/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
11
|
Lauer TM, Agrawal NJ, Chennamsetty N, Egodage K, Helk B, Trout BL. Developability index: a rapid in silico tool for the screening of antibody aggregation propensity. J Pharm Sci 2011; 101:102-15. [PMID: 21935950 DOI: 10.1002/jps.22758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2011] [Revised: 08/19/2011] [Accepted: 08/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Determining the aggregation propensity of protein-based biotherapeutics is an important step in the drug development process. Typically, a great deal of data collected over a large period of time is needed to estimate the aggregation propensity of biotherapeutics. Thus, candidates cannot be screened early on for aggregation propensity, but early screening is desirable to help streamline drug development. Here, we present a simple molecular computational method to predict the aggregation propensity via hydrophobic interactions, thought to be the most common mechanism of aggregation, and electrostatic interactions. This method uses a new quantity termed Developability Index. It is a function of an antibody's net charge, calculated on the full-length antibody structure, and the spatial aggregation propensity, calculated on the complementarity-determining region structure. Its accuracy is due to the molecular level details and the incorporation of the tertiary structure of the antibody. It is particularly applicable to antibodies or other proteins for which structures are available or could be determined accurately using homology modeling. Applications include the selection of molecules in the discovery or early development process, selection of mutants for stability, and estimation of resources needed for development of a given biomolecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M Lauer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Regulatory considerations for development of bioanalytical assays for biotechnology products. Bioanalysis 2011; 3:597-603. [PMID: 21417729 DOI: 10.4155/bio.11.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ligand-binding assays are the predominant method used for determination of concentrations of biotechnology products in serum or other matrices, as well as for the determination of antidrug antibodies in nonclinical and clinical studies. The challenges regarding the design and validation of these assays are well understood. The US FDA published a Guidance for Industry on Bioanalytical Method Validation and a Draft Guidance for Industry on Assay Development for Immunogenicity Testing of Therapeutic Proteins. The purpose of this article is to highlight specific elements in these guidance documents that should also apply to new methods, discuss the application of new generation ligand-binding methods and LC-MS for these purposes and provide a scientific and regulatory perspective on the specific challenges assessing the pharmacokinetics and immunogenicity of monoclonal antibodies.
Collapse
|
13
|
Mueller C, Capelle MA, Arvinte T, Seyrek E, Borchard G. Noncovalent Pegylation by Dansyl-Poly(ethylene Glycol)s as a New Means Against Aggregation of Salmon Calcitonin. J Pharm Sci 2011; 100:1648-62. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.22401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2010] [Revised: 10/06/2010] [Accepted: 10/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
14
|
Wu Y, Ma N, Wyslouzil BE, Chalmers JJ, McCormick E, Casnocha SA. Enhanced productivity of NS0 cells in fed-batch culture with cholesterol nanoparticle supplementation. Biotechnol Prog 2011; 27:796-802. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2010] [Revised: 02/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
15
|
Aggregation Stability of a Monoclonal Antibody During Downstream Processing. Pharm Res 2011; 28:1884-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-011-0416-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 03/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
16
|
|
17
|
del Val IJ, Kontoravdi C, Nagy JM. Towards the implementation of quality by design to the production of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies with desired glycosylation patterns. Biotechnol Prog 2010; 26:1505-27. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
18
|
Ghaderi D, Taylor RE, Padler-Karavani V, Diaz S, Varki A. Implications of the presence of N-glycolylneuraminic acid in recombinant therapeutic glycoproteins. Nat Biotechnol 2010; 28:863-7. [PMID: 20657583 DOI: 10.1038/nbt.1651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2009] [Accepted: 05/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant glycoprotein therapeutics produced in nonhuman mammalian cell lines and/or with animal serum are often modified with the nonhuman sialic acid N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc; refs. 1,2). This documented contamination has generally been ignored in drug development because healthy individuals were not thought to react to Neu5Gc (ref. 2). However, recent findings indicate that all humans have Neu5Gc-specific antibodies, sometimes at high levels. Working with two monoclonal antibodies in clinical use, we demonstrate the presence of covalently bound Neu5Gc in cetuximab (Erbitux) but not panitumumab (Vectibix). Anti-Neu5Gc antibodies from healthy humans interact with cetuximab in a Neu5Gc-specific manner and generate immune complexes in vitro. Mice with a human-like defect in Neu5Gc synthesis generate antibodies to Neu5Gc after injection with cetuximab, and circulating anti-Neu5Gc antibodies can promote drug clearance. Finally, we show that the Neu5Gc content of cultured human and nonhuman cell lines and their secreted glycoproteins can be reduced by adding a human sialic acid to the culture medium. Our findings may be relevant to improving the half-life, efficacy and immunogenicity of glycoprotein therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darius Ghaderi
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, Department of Medicine and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Beck A, Wagner-Rousset E, Wurch T, Corvaia N. [Therapeutic antibodies and related products: choosing the right structure for success]. Med Sci (Paris) 2010; 25:1024-32. [PMID: 20035674 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/200925121024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) and related-products represent the fastest growing class of therapeutics in the biotechnological and pharmaceutical industry. In just as short as 20 years, more than 30 immunoglobulins (IgG) and derivatives have been approved in a wide range of indications (oncology, inflammation and auto-immunity, transplantation, angioplasty, hematology, ophthalmology, viral infections, allergy). The mAb structure toolbox contains mouse, chimeric, humanized and human antibodies from different isotypes (IgG1, 2 and 4), as well as IgG-related products (immunoconjugates, radio-immunoconjugates, Fab fragments, Fc-fusion proteins and peptides, bispecifics). Furthermore from a structural point of view, mAb glycosylation is linked to their production systems and may impact on their effector functions and immunogenicity. Based on the current knowledge, choosing the right antibody format, isotype and glycosylation profile are some of the key issues to address early during the lead selection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alain Beck
- Centre d'immunologie Pierre Fabre (www.cipf.com), 5, avenue Napoléon III, 74160 Saint-Julien-en-Genevois, France.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wellman-Labadie O, Zhou Y. The US Orphan Drug Act: Rare disease research stimulator or commercial opportunity? Health Policy 2010; 95:216-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2009.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2009] [Revised: 12/01/2009] [Accepted: 12/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
21
|
Jones ML, Seldon T, Smede M, Linville A, Chin DY, Barnard R, Mahler SM, Munster D, Hart D, Gray PP, Munro TP. A method for rapid, ligation-independent reformatting of recombinant monoclonal antibodies. J Immunol Methods 2010; 354:85-90. [PMID: 20153332 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2010.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2009] [Revised: 02/01/2010] [Accepted: 02/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant monoclonal antibodies currently dominate the protein biologics marketplace. The path from target antigen discovery and screening, to a recombinant therapeutic antibody can be time-consuming and laborious. We describe a set of expression vectors, termed mAbXpress, that enable rapid and sequence-independent insertion of antibody variable regions into human constant region backbones. This method takes advantage of the In Fusion cloning system from Clontech, which allows ligation-free, high-efficiency insertion of the variable region cassette without the addition of extraneous amino acids. These modular vectors simplify the antibody reformatting process during the preliminary evaluation of therapeutic or diagnostic candidates. The resulting constructs can be used directly for transient or amplifiable, stable expression in mammalian cells. The effectiveness of this method was demonstrated by the creation of a functional, fully human anti-human CD83 monoclonal antibody.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina L Jones
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), Bldg. 75 Cnr College and Cooper Rd., The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
|
23
|
Modulating the pharmacokinetics of therapeutic antibodies. Biotechnol Lett 2010; 32:609-22. [PMID: 20131077 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-010-0214-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Revised: 01/06/2010] [Accepted: 01/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
With the advent of antibody fragments and alternative binding scaffolds, that are devoid of Fc-regions, strategies to increase the half-life of small proteins are becoming increasingly important. Currently, the established method is chemical PEGylation, but more elaborate approaches are being described such as polysialylation, amino acid polymers and albumin-binding derivatives. This article reviews the main strategies for pharmacokinetic enhancement, primarily chemical conjugates and recombinant fusions that increase apparent molecular weight or hydrodynamic radius or interact with serum albumin which itself has a long plasma half-life. We highlight the key chemical linkage methods that preserve antibody function and retain stability and look forward to the next generation of technologies which promise to make better quality pharmaceuticals with lower side effects. Although restricted to antibodies, all of the approaches covered can be applied to other biotherapeutics.
Collapse
|
24
|
Robert F, Bierau H, Rossi M, Agugiaro D, Soranzo T, Broly H, Mitchell-Logean C. Degradation of an Fc-fusion recombinant protein by host cell proteases: Identification of a CHO cathepsin D protease. Biotechnol Bioeng 2010; 104:1132-41. [PMID: 19655395 DOI: 10.1002/bit.22494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A host-cell-related proteolytic activity was identified in a recombinant Fc-fusion protein production process. This report describes the strategy applied to characterize and isolate the enzyme responsible for this degradation by combining cell culture investigation and dedicated analytical tools. After isolation and sequencing of the clipped fragment generated in post-capture material, enzymatic activity was traced in different culture conditions, allowing identification of viable CHO cells as the source of protease. Inhibitors and pH screenings showed that the enzyme belongs to an aspartic protease family and is preferably active at acidic pH. The protease was isolated by purification on a pepstatin A column and characterized as a protein related to cathepsin D. An additional metallo-protease inhibited by EDTA was identified with an optimum activity at neutral pH. This study is an example of how quality and stability of therapeutic recombinant molecules are strongly influenced by cell culture parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flavie Robert
- Merck Serono Biotech Center, Merck Serono SA Corsier-sur-Vevey, CH-Fenil-sur-Corsier, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
Despite the global economic slowdown, biologics managed single-digit growth in 2008, driven mainly by continued high growth in sales of antibodies and insulins. Novel biologics in development look promising, but crowding, pricing and reimbursement are emerging as longer-term concerns.
Collapse
|
26
|
Biot J, Fasano C, Dos Santos C. [From orthoclone to denosumab, the fast growing market of monoclonal antibodies]. Med Sci (Paris) 2009; 25:1177-82. [PMID: 20035702 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/200925121177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies are a specific medicinal category within the current therapeutic armamentarium. Their market share is growing fast as they are often the only therapeutic option at some stages of certain diseases, due to their targeted action in the body and to an acceptable tolerance. The budget impact of monoclonal antibodies is increasing, leading payers and health authorities to growing attention and pressure when they have to decide on the reimbursement, coverage and pricing of these products. The launch of biosimilars after patent expiry of some of these drugs will take time in view of the complexity of these molecules, and is not likely to significantly impact the cost of these therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Biot
- JNB Développement, 6 rue du Général de Larminat, 75015 Paris, France.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kantardjieff A, Nissom PM, Chuah SH, Yusufi F, Jacob NM, Mulukutla BC, Yap M, Hu WS. Developing genomic platforms for Chinese hamster ovary cells. Biotechnol Adv 2009; 27:1028-1035. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2009.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
28
|
The use of mushroom-forming fungi for the production of N-glycosylated therapeutic proteins. Trends Microbiol 2009; 17:439-43. [PMID: 19758804 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2009.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2009] [Revised: 07/13/2009] [Accepted: 07/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The market for N-glycosylated therapeutic proteins represents multi-billion dollars in sales and is growing more than 10% each year. This requires cost-effective production platforms that display correct and homogeneous N-glycosylation. Based on recent results, we propose to use mushroom-forming basidiomycetes for the production of N-glycosylated therapeutic proteins.
Collapse
|
29
|
Chennamsetty N, Helk B, Voynov V, Kayser V, Trout BL. Aggregation-Prone Motifs in Human Immunoglobulin G. J Mol Biol 2009; 391:404-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2009.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2009] [Revised: 06/09/2009] [Accepted: 06/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
30
|
Adamson JW. Erythropoietic-stimulating agents: the cancer progression controversy and collateral damage to the blood supply. Transfusion 2009; 49:824-6. [PMID: 19426200 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2009.02165.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
31
|
Erratum: Corrigendum: What's fueling the biotech engine—2007. Nat Biotechnol 2009. [DOI: 10.1038/nbt0209-205a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
32
|
Aggarwal S. Erratum: What's fueling the biotech engine—2007. Nat Biotechnol 2009. [DOI: 10.1038/nbt0209-205b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|