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Kumar S, Vishwakarma H, Ghosh G, Singh J, Padaria JC. In planta transformation in wheat: an improved protocol to develop wheat transformants. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:407. [PMID: 38460010 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09333-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lack of efficient transformation protocol continues to be a major bottleneck for successful genome editing or transgenic development in wheat. An in planta transformation method was developed in Indian bread wheat in earlier study (Vasil et al. in Nat Biotechnol 10:667-674, 1992) which was labour-intensive and time-consuming. In the present study, in planta transformation method was improved to make it simple, efficient, less labour-intensive and time-saving. METHODS AND RESULTS PCR-based screening for generated transformants at T0 stage was introduced in this method. Shoot apical meristem of two days old wheat seedling was inoculated with the routine active culture of Agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring plasmid pCAMBIA1300-Ubi-GFP having gene GFP under the control of Zea mays ubiquitin promoter. PCR analysis at T0 stage confirmed 27 plants to be transgene positive. These 27 plants were only taken to the next generation (T1) and the rest were discarded. At T1 generation 6 plants were analyzed to be PCR positive. Out of them, 4 plants were confirmed to have stable integration of transgene (GFP). Fluorescent microscopy at T1 stage confirmed the 4 Southern hybridization positive plants to be expressing reporter gene GFP. CONCLUSIONS Screening at T0 stage, reduced the load of plants to be taken to T1 generation and their screening thereof at T1 with no overall loss in transformation efficiency. We successfully transformed wheat genotype HD2894 with 3.33% transformation efficiency using a simple, effective method which was less labour-intensive and less time-consuming. This method may be utilized to develop wheat transgenic as well as genome edited lines for desirable traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Kumar
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Harinder Vishwakarma
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Gourab Ghosh
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Jaskirat Singh
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
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Yan Y, Zhu X, Yu Y, Li C, Zhang Z, Wang F. Nanotechnology Strategies for Plant Genetic Engineering. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2106945. [PMID: 34699644 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant genetic engineering is essential for improving crop yield, quality, and resistance to abiotic/biotic stresses for sustainable agriculture. Agrobacterium-, biolistic bombardment-, electroporation-, and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-mediated genetic-transformation systems are extensively used in plant genetic engineering. However, these systems have limitations, including species dependency, destruction of plant tissues, low transformation efficiency, and high cost. Recently, nanotechnology-based gene-delivery methods have been developed for plant genetic transformation. This nanostrategy shows excellent transformation efficiency, good biocompatibility, adequate protection of exogenous nucleic acids, and the potential for plant regeneration. However, the nanomaterial-mediated gene-delivery system in plants is still in its infancy, and there are many challenges for its broad applications. Herein, the conventional genetic transformation techniques used in plants are briefly discussed. After that, the progress in the development of nanomaterial-based gene-delivery systems is considered. CRISPR-Cas-mediated genome editing and its combined applications with plant nanotechnology are also discussed. The conceptual innovations, methods, and practical applications of nanomaterial-mediated genetic transformation summarized herein will be beneficial for promoting plant genetic engineering in modern agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Zhu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Yue Yu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, P. R. China
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Tarafdar A, Vishwakarma H, Gothandapani S, Bhati M, Biswas K, Prakash A, Chaturvedi U, Solanke AU, Padaria JC. A quick, easy and cost-effective in planta method to develop direct transformants in wheat. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:180. [PMID: 31058046 PMCID: PMC6470228 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1708-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Agrobacterium mediated in planta method was used to transform Indian elite wheat genotype HD2894 with herbicide-tolerant CP4-EPSPS (5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase) gene. The apical meristems of germinated seeds were targeted for introgression of transgene. The obtained T1 plants were screened by spraying 1% glyphosate and only positive transformants survived. The presence of transgene was also confirmed by PCR and Southern hybridization. Using this method, 3.07% transformation rate was observed. To identify transgenic lines carrying stably integrated CP4-EPSPS gene, the transgenic populations were screened in T3 generation using 1% glyphosate and lines with 100% survival were considered as homozygous. No significant morpho-physiological variations were observed within the transgenic lines as compared to non-transgenic plants. The present study resulted in herbicide-tolerant transgenic wheat and provides a valuable tool for development of wheat genetic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit Tarafdar
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Harinder Vishwakarma
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - S. Gothandapani
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Meenal Bhati
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Koushik Biswas
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Arul Prakash
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Uttara Chaturvedi
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Amolkumar U. Solanke
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012 India
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Gaponenko AK, Mishutkina YV, Timoshenko AA, Shulga OA. Genetic Transformation of Wheat: State of the Art. RUSS J GENET+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795418030043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Haliloglu K, Aydin M. Efficient regeneration system from rye leaf base segments. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:2005. [PMID: 27933261 PMCID: PMC5121110 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-3689-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rye is second only to wheat among grains most widely used in the making of bread and is also a very important gene resource for breeding and improvement of wheat and other cereal crops owing to tolerance to abiotic stress factors such as low temperatures, drought and poor soil conditions. However, application of biotechnologies has been limited in rye breeding since it is one of the most recalcitrant species in tissue culture. A simple and fast regeneration system from leaf-base segment explant of rye was developed in this study. Basal media, carbohydrate source, combination of plant growth regulators and the leaf segment locations were evaluated for callus and shoot formation. The highest callus formation (10.39%) and shoot formation (4.53%) were achieved from first basal segments 3-4 days old seedlings. MS (Murashige and Skoog, in Physiol Plant 15:473-497, 1962) medium supplemented with 30 g/L sucrose and 2 mg/L 2,4-D (2-4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) + 1 mg/L TDZ (Thidiazuran) was the best medium for shoot formation (18.75%) in first leaf base segment culture. Regenerated plants were phenotypically normal and set seed after they were successfully transferred to soil. The results indicate that this regeneration method can be used for genetic transformation in rye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Haliloglu
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Murat Aydin
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
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Molecular Approaches to Genetically Improve the Accumulation of Health-Promoting Secondary Metabolites in Staple Crops-A Case Study: The Lipoxygenase-B1 Genes and Regulation of the Carotenoid Content in Pasta Products. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17071177. [PMID: 27455242 PMCID: PMC4964548 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary metabolites, also known as phytochemicals, represent a large subset of plant molecules that include compounds with health-promoting effects. Indeed, a number of epidemiological studies have shown that, when taken regularly and in adequate amounts, these molecules can have long-term beneficial effects on human health, through reduction of the incidence of degenerative diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes, and cancer. As the dietary intake of these phytochemicals is often inadequate, various strategies are in use to improve their content in staple crops, and the end-products thereof. One of the most effective strategies is crop improvement through genetic approaches, as this is the only way to generate new cultivars in which the high accumulation of a given phytochemical is stably fixed. Efforts to genetically improve quality traits are rapidly evolving, from classical breeding to molecular-assisted approaches; these require sound understanding of the molecular bases underlying the traits, to identify the genes/alleles that control them. This can be achieved through global analysis of the metabolic pathway responsible for phytochemical accumulation, to identify the link between phytochemical content and the activities of key enzymes that regulate the metabolic pathway, and between the key enzymes and their encoding genes/alleles. Once these have been identified, they can be used as markers for selection of new improved genotypes through biotechnological approaches. This review provides an overview of the major health-promoting properties shown to be associated with the dietary intake of phytochemicals, and describes how molecular approaches provide means for improving the health quality of edible crops. Finally, a case study is illustrated, of the identification in durum wheat of the Lipoxygenase-B1 genes that control the final carotenoid content in semolina-based foods, such as pasta products.
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Ke XY, Chen DF, Huang Y, Shi HP, Elliott MC, Li BJ. Commercial Wheat Transformed by Electroporation of Immature Embryos. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.1997.10818937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Haliloglu K, Baenziger PS, Mitra A. Genetic Transformation of Wheat (Triticum AestivumL.) Anther Culture-Derived Embryos by Electroporation. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2004.10817088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Ismagul A, Iskakova G, Harris JC, Eliby S. Biolistic transformation of wheat with centrophenoxine as a synthetic auxin. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1145:191-202. [PMID: 24816669 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0446-4_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Cereal crops, including bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), are an important staple food worldwide. With a growing global population, it is evident that current crop production will not meet the rising demands being placed on modern agriculture. Efforts to improve crop yield and stress-tolerance by traditional breeding are labor intensive, time consuming, and highly dependent upon the ability to capture existing and novel genetic variation from a restricted genetic pool. Genetic engineering of crop species is one of several alternatives to traditional breeding for the introduction of novel genetic variation. This recently established technology has proved useful for the introduction of novel traits like pest resistance and herbicide tolerance. As a universal tool for genetic transformation, the Biolistic Gene Gun allows for the genomic integration of novel gene sequences from various sources into a whole host of living organisms.In this chapter, we present a novel and detailed protocol for the Biolistic Transformation of bread wheat that uses the pharmaceutical compound, Centrophenoxine (CPX). The application of CPX as the main auxin-like plant growth regulator in cereal genetic transformation replaces the potent but more toxic herbicide 2,4-D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainur Ismagul
- Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia
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Brew-Appiah RAT, Ankrah N, Liu W, Konzak CF, von Wettstein D, Rustgi S. Generation of doubled haploid transgenic wheat lines by microspore transformation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80155. [PMID: 24260351 PMCID: PMC3832437 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microspores can be induced to develop homozygous doubled haploid plants in a single generation. In the present experiments androgenic microspores of wheat have been genetically transformed and developed into mature homozygous transgenic plants. Two different transformation techniques were investigated, one employing electroporation and the other co-cultivation with Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Different tissue culture and transfection conditions were tested on nine different wheat cultivars using four different constructs. A total of 19 fertile transformants in five genotypes from four market classes of common wheat were recovered by the two procedures. PCR followed by DNA sequencing of the products, Southern blot analyses and bio/histo-chemical and histological assays of the recombinant enzymes confirmed the presence of the transgenes in the T0 transformants and their stable inheritance in homozygous T1∶2 doubled haploid progenies. Several decisive factors determining the transformation and regeneration efficiency with the two procedures were determined: (i) pretreatment of immature spikes with CuSO4 solution (500 mg/L) at 4°C for 10 days; (ii) electroporation of plasmid DNA in enlarged microspores by a single pulse of ∼375 V; (iii) induction of microspores after transfection at 28°C in NPB-99 medium and regeneration at 26°C in MMS5 medium; (iv) co-cultivation with Agrobacterium AGL-1 cells for transfer of plasmid T-DNA into microspores at day 0 for <24 hours; and (v) elimination of AGL-1 cells after co-cultivation with timentin (200-400 mg/L).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhoda A. T. Brew-Appiah
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
| | - Nii Ankrah
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
| | - Weiguo Liu
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
- Doubled Haploid Laboratory, Pioneer Hi-Bred Int’l, Inc., Waipahu, Hawaii, United States of America
| | - Calvin F. Konzak
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
| | - Diter von Wettstein
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
- Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
| | - Sachin Rustgi
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
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Parry MAJ, Hawkesford MJ. An integrated approach to crop genetic improvement. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 54:250-9. [PMID: 22348899 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2012.01109.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The balance between the supply and demand of the major food crops is fragile, fueling concerns for long-term global food security. The rising population, increasing wealth and a proliferation of non-food uses (e.g. bioenergy) has led to growing demands on agriculture, while increased production is limited by greater urbanization, and the degradation of land. Furthermore, global climate change with increasing temperatures and lower, more erratic rainfall is projected to decrease agricultural yields. There is a predicted need to increase food production by at least 70% by 2050 and therefore an urgent need to develop novel and integrated approaches, incorporating high-throughput phenotyping that will both increase production per unit area and simultaneously improve the resource use efficiency of crops. Yield potential, yield stability, nutrient and water use are all complex multigenic traits and while there is genetic variability, their complexity makes such traits difficult to breed for directly. Nevertheless molecular plant breeding has the potential to deliver substantial improvements, once the component traits and the genes underlying these traits have been identified. In addition, interactions between the individual traits must also be taken into account, a demand that is difficult to fulfill with traditional screening approaches. Identified traits will be incorporated into new cultivars using conventional or biotechnological tools. In order to better understand the relationship between genotype, component traits, and environment over time, a multidisciplinary approach must be adopted to both understand the underlying processes and identify candidate genes, QTLs and traits that can be used to develop improved crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin A J Parry
- Rothamsted Research, Plant Science Department, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK.
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Miroshnichenko DN, Poroshin GN, Dolgov SV. Genetic transformation of wheat using mature seed tissues. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683811080096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Chen M, Xu Z, Xia L, Li L, Cheng X, Dong J, Wang Q, Ma Y. Cold-induced modulation and functional analyses of the DRE-binding transcription factor gene, GmDREB3, in soybean (Glycine max L.). JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2008; 60:121-35. [PMID: 18988621 PMCID: PMC3071762 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ern269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2008] [Revised: 09/29/2008] [Accepted: 10/09/2008] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
DREB (dehydration-responsive element-binding protein) transcription factors have important roles in the stress-related regulation network in plants. A DREB orthologue, GmDREB3, belonging to the A-5 subgroup of the DREB subfamily, was isolated from soybean using the RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends) method. Northern blot analysis showed that expression of GmDREB3 in soybean seedlings was induced following cold stress treatment for 0.5 h and was not detected after 3 h. However, it was not induced by drought and high salt stresses or by abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. This response was similar to those of members in the A-1 subgroup and different from those of other members in the A-5 subgroup, suggesting that the GmDREB3 gene was involved in an ABA-independent cold stress-responsive signal pathway. Furthermore, analysis of the GmDREB3 promoter elucidated its cold-induced modulation. A promoter fragment containing bases -1058 to -664 was involved in response to cold stress, and its effect was detected for 1 h after treatment, but a transcriptional repressor appeared to impair this response by binding to a cis-element in the region -1403 to -1058 at 24 h after the beginning of cold stress. Moreover, the GmDREB3 protein could specifically bind to the DRE element in vitro, and activated expression of downstream reporter genes in yeast cells. In addition, overexpression of GmDREB3 enhanced tolerance to cold, drought, and high salt stresses in transgenic Arabidopsis. Physiological analyses indicated that the fresh weight and osmolality of GmDREB3 transgenic Arabidopsis under cold stress were higher than those of wild-type controls. GmDREB3 transgenic tobacco accumulated higher levels of free proline under drought stress and retained higher leaf chlorophyll levels under high salt stress than wild-type tobacco. In addition, constitutive expression of GmDREB3 in transgenic Arabidopsis caused growth retardation, whereas its expression under control of the stress-inducible Rd29A promoter minimized negative effects on plant growth under normal growth conditions, indicating that a combination of the Rd29A promoter and GmDREB3 might be useful for improving tolerance to environmental stresses in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NKFCRI)/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Zhaoshi Xu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NKFCRI)/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Lanqin Xia
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NKFCRI)/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Liancheng Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NKFCRI)/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Xianguo Cheng
- Institute of Natural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Jianhui Dong
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NKFCRI)/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Qiaoyan Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NKFCRI)/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Youzhi Ma
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NKFCRI)/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, PR China
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Xia L, Geng H, Chen X, He Z, Lillemo M, Morris CF. Silencing of puroindoline a alters the kernel texture in transgenic bread wheat. J Cereal Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2007.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Supartana P, Shimizu T, Nogawa M, Shioiri H, Nakajima T, Haramoto N, Nozue M, Kojima M. Development of simple and efficient in Planta transformation method for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. J Biosci Bioeng 2006; 102:162-70. [PMID: 17046528 DOI: 10.1263/jbb.102.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2006] [Accepted: 05/23/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. var. Shiranekomugi) seeds were soaked in water at 22 degrees C for 1 d. Thereafter, the embryo of the soaked seeds was inoculated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens by piercing a region of the embryonic apical meristem with a needle that had been dipped in an A. tumefaciens inoculum. The inoculated seeds were incubated at 22 degrees C for 2 d and sterilized by cefotaxime (Claforan) (1000 ppm water solution) treatment and then vernalized at 5 degrees C for 25 d. Finally, the seedlings were grown to maturation (T(0) plants) and allowed to pollinate naturally for seed setting (T(1) plants) in pots under nonsterile condition. To examine the transformation by various means, four different strains of A. tumefaciens were used for transformation. The following five lines of evidence proved the transformation: altered phenotype and its transmittance to the next generation, resistance of T(1) seed germination to geneticin or hygromycin B, the detection of a transgene in T(1) plants by PCR analysis and Southern hybridization and the rescue of the plasmid consisting of the integrated T-DNA and flanking wheat genome DNA from T(1) plants. The transformation efficiency of T(1) plants, which were transformed using different A. tumefaciens strains, was estimated to be 33% by PCR analysis, 75% by Southern hybridization and 40% by plasmid rescue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Putu Supartana
- Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano, Japan
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Roy-Barman S, Sautter C, Chattoo BB. Expression of the lipid transfer protein Ace-AMP1 in transgenic wheat enhances antifungal activity and defense responses. Transgenic Res 2006; 15:435-46. [PMID: 16906444 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-006-0016-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2005] [Accepted: 03/10/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
To enhance fungal disease resistance, wheat plants (cv. Bobwhite) were engineered to constitutively express the potent antimicrobial protein Ace-AMP1 from Allium cepa, driven by a maize ubiquitin promoter along with its first intron. The bar gene was used for selection of putative transformants on medium containing phosphinothricin (PPT). Transgene inheritance, integration and stability of expression were confirmed over two generations by PCR, Southern, northern and western blot analyses, respectively. The levels of Ace-AMP1 in different transgenic lines correlated with the transcript levels of the transgene. Up to 50% increase in resistance to Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici was detected in detached leaf assays. In ears of transgenic wheat inoculated with Neovossia indica, Ace-AMP1 intensified expression of defense-related genes. Elevated levels of salicylic acid and of transcripts of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), glucanase (PR2) and chitinase (PR3) in the transgenic plants indicated manifestation of systemic acquired resistance (SAR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhankar Roy-Barman
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Centre, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara 390 002, India
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Jauhar P. Cytogenetic Architecture of Cereal Crops and Their Manipulation to Fit Human Needs. GENETIC RESOURCES, CHROMOSOME ENGINEERING, AND CROP IMPROVEMENT 2006. [DOI: 10.1201/9780203489260.ch1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Jones HD, Doherty A, Wu H. Review of methodologies and a protocol for the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of wheat. PLANT METHODS 2005; 1:5. [PMID: 16270934 PMCID: PMC1277018 DOI: 10.1186/1746-4811-1-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2005] [Accepted: 09/05/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Since the first report of wheat transformation by Agrobacterium tumefaciens in 1997, various factors that influence T-DNA delivery and regeneration in tissue culture have been further investigated and modified. This paper reviews the current methodology literature describing Agrobacterium transformation of wheat and provides a complete protocol that we have developed and used to produce over one hundred transgenic lines in both spring and winter wheat varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huw D Jones
- CPI Division, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Angela Doherty
- CPI Division, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Huixia Wu
- CPI Division, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, AL5 2JQ, UK
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Badr S, . AB, . BA, . AB. Construction of a Dehydrin Gene Cassette for Drought Tolerance from Wild Origin for Wheat Transformation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.3923/ijb.2005.175.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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20
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Jones HD. Wheat transformation: current technology and applications to grain development and composition. J Cereal Sci 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2004.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Southgate EM, Davey MR, Power JB, Marchant R. Factors affecting the genetic engineering of plants by microprojectile bombardment. Biotechnol Adv 2003; 13:631-51. [PMID: 14536367 DOI: 10.1016/0734-9750(95)02008-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Since its development in the mid-1980s, microprojectile bombardment has been widely employed as a method for direct gene transfer into a wide range of plants, including the previously difficult-to-transform monocotyledonous species. Although the numerous instruments available for microprojectile-mediated gene delivery and their applications have been widely discussed, less attention has been paid to the critical factors which affect the efficiency of this method of gene delivery. In this review we do not wish to describe the array of devices used for microprojectile delivery or their uses which have already been definitively described, but instead wish to report on research developments investigating the factors which affect microprojectile-mediated transformation of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Southgate
- Plant Genetic Manipulation Group, Department of Life Science, University of Nottingham, UK
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22
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Vain P, De Buyser J, Bui Trang V, Haicour R, Henry Y. Foreign gene delivery into monocotyledonous species. Biotechnol Adv 2003; 13:653-71. [PMID: 14536368 DOI: 10.1016/0734-9750(95)02009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Monocotyledonous plants are generally more recalcitrant to genetic transformation than dicotyledonous species. The absence of reliable Agrobacterium-mediated transformation methods and the difficulties associated with the culture of monocotyledonous tissues in vitro are mainly responsible for this situation. Until recently, the genetic transformation of monocotyledons was essentially performed by direct transfer of DNA into regenerable protoplasts or intact cells cultured in vitro, via polyethylene glycol treatment, electroporation or particle bombardment. Since 1990, the use of particle gun technology has revolutionized the genetic engineering of monocotyledonous species, allowing transformation to be more independent of the in vitro culture requirements. Today, at least one genotype of each major monocotyledonous crop species, including cereals, can be genetically transformed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Vain
- Institut de Biotechnologie des plantes, bat 630, URA CNRS 1128, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
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23
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Oldach KH, Becker D, Lörz H. Heterologous expression of genes mediating enhanced fungal resistance in transgenic wheat. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2001; 14:832-8. [PMID: 11437256 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi.2001.14.7.832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Three cDNAs encoding the antifungal protein Ag-AFP from the fungus Aspergillus giganteus, a barley class II chitinase and a barley type I RIP, all regulated by the constitutive Ubiquitin1 promoter from maize, were expressed in transgenic wheat. In 17 wheat lines, stable integration and inheritance of one of the three transgenes has been demonstrated over four generations. The formation of powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici) or leaf rust (Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici) colonies was significantly reduced on leaves from afp or chitinase II- but not from rip I-expressing wheat lines compared with non-transgenic controls. The increased resistance of afp and chitinase II lines was dependent on the dose of fungal spores used for inoculation. Heterologous expression of the fungal afp gene and the barley chitinase II gene in wheat demonstrated that colony formation and, thereby, spreading of two important biotrophic fungal diseases is inhibited approximately 40 to 50% at an inoculum density of 80 to 100 spores per cm2.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Oldach
- Institute for Applied Molecular Plant Biology, AMPII, University of Hamburg, Germany
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24
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25
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Klein TM, Jones TJ. Methods of Genetic Transformation: The Gene Gun. MOLECULAR IMPROVEMENT OF CEREAL CROPS 1999. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-4802-3_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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26
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Vasil IK, Vasil V. Transgenic Cereals: Triticum aestivum (wheat). MOLECULAR IMPROVEMENT OF CEREAL CROPS 1999. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-4802-3_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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28
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29
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Fellers JP, Guenzi AC, Taliaferro CM. Factors affecting the establishment and maintenance of embryogenic callus and suspension cultures of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). PLANT CELL REPORTS 1995; 15:232-237. [PMID: 24185782 DOI: 10.1007/bf00193726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/1994] [Revised: 06/06/1995] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Improved suspension cell culture systems are needed to facilitate the application of recombinant DNA technology for wheat germplasm enhancement. This study evaluated three wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, and the effects of medium basal salts, 2,4-D, sucrose, and L-proline concentrations on the establishment of rapidly growing and highly embryogenic callus and suspension cultures. Percent embryogenic calli was visually estimated and verified with light and scanning electron microscopy. The most highly embryogenic callus was produced by cultivar Bobwhite on medium with MS basal salts, 5.6 μ M 2,4-D, 58 mM sucrose, and zero proline. The suspension cultures that produced the greatest number of regenerated plants utilized callus tissue produced on solid medium with MS basal salts, 87 mM sucrose, 9 μM 2,4-D, and no proline.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Fellers
- Department of Agronomy, Oklahoma State University, 74078-0507, Stillwater, OK, USA
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30
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Zhou H, Arrowsmith JW, Fromm ME, Hironaka CM, Taylor ML, Rodriguez D, Pajeau ME, Brown SM, Santino CG, Fry JE. Glyphosate-tolerant CP4 and GOX genes as a selectable marker in wheat transformation. PLANT CELL REPORTS 1995; 15:159-63. [PMID: 24185767 DOI: 10.1007/bf00193711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/1994] [Revised: 06/09/1995] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The lack of alternative selectable markers in crop transformation has been a substantial barrier for commercial application of agricultural biotechnology. We have developed an efficient selection system for wheat transformation using glyphosate-tolerant CP4 and GOX genes as a selectable marker. Immature embryos of the wheat cultivar Bobwhite were bombarded with two separate plasmids harboring the CP4/GOX and GUS genes. After a 1 week delay, the bombarded embryos were transferred to a selection medium containing 2 mM glyphosate. Embryo-derived calli were subcultured onto the same selection medium every 3 weeks consecutively for 9-12 weeks, and were then regenerated and rooted on selection media with lower glyphosate concentrations. Transgenic plants tolerant to glyphosate were recovered. ELISA assay confirmed expression of the CP4 and GOX genes in R0 plants. Southern blot analysis demonstrated that the transgenes were integrated into the wheat genomes and transmitted to the following generation. The use of CP4 and GOX genes as a selectable marker provides an efficient, effective, and alternative transformation selection system for wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhou
- Monsanto Company, Mail zone: GG4H, 700 Chesterfield Pkwy North, 63198, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Rochange F, Serrano L, Marque C, Teuliéres C, Boudet AM. DNA delivery into Eucalyptus globulus zygotic embryos through biolistics: optimization of the biological and physical parameters of bombardment for two different particle guns. PLANT CELL REPORTS 1995; 14:674-678. [PMID: 24194320 DOI: 10.1007/bf00232737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/1994] [Revised: 02/17/1995] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
DNA transfer into zygotic embryos of Eucalyptus globulus by microprojectile bombardment was studied with two devices: a gunpowder apparatus and a compressed-helium system. Using, as a test, the transient expression of a reporter gene, we optimized the physical and biological conditions of bombardment. Six-day-old cultured embryos were found to be the best target material, and osmotic treatment increased the expression rate. Conditions of bombardment (particle acceleration and quality of the particle: DNA mix) were studied. In optimal conditions, we were able to obtain up to 130 GUS expression events per embryo with a good distribution over the tissue.In our transient expression experiments, the gunpowder and helium devices exhibited similar efficiencies, reliabilities and reproducibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Rochange
- Centre de Biologie et de Physiologie Végétale, URA CNRS 1457, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062, Toulouse Cédex, France
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