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Pang B, Wu N, Guan R, Pang L, Li X, Li S, Tang L, Guo Y, Chen J, Sun D, Sun H, Dai J, Bai J, Ji G, Liu P, Liu A, Wang Q, Xiao S, Fu S, Jin Y. Overexpression of RCC2 Enhances Cell Motility and Promotes Tumor Metastasis in Lung Adenocarcinoma by Inducing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:5598-5610. [PMID: 28606921 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-2909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Investigate the role of regulator of chromosome condensation 2 (RCC2) on lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) metastasis.Experimental Design: Clinical specimens were used to assess the impact of RCC2 on LUAD metastasis. Mouse models, cytobiology, and molecular biology assays were performed to elucidate the function and underlying mechanisms of RCC2 in LUAD.Results: RCC2 expression was frequently increased in LUADs (88/122, 72.13%). It was confirmed by analysis of a larger cohort of TCGA RNA-seq data containing 488 LUADs and 58 normal lung tissues (P < 0.001). Importantly, increased level of RCC2 was significantly associated with T status of tumor (P = 0.002), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.004), and advanced clinical stage (P = 0.001). Patients with LUAD with higher expression of RCC2 had shorter overall survival. Cox regression analysis demonstrated that RCC2 was an independent poorer prognostic factor for patients with LUAD. Moreover, forced expression of RCC2 promoted intrapulmonary metastasis in vivo and significantly enhanced LUAD cell migration, invasion, and proliferation in vitro Further study found that RCC2 induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and also stimulated the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. In addition, RCC2 was able to activate JNK, while inhibition of JNK suppressed the effect of RCC2 on LUAD cell migration, invasion, EMT, and the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9.Conclusions: RCC2 plays a pivotal role in LUAD metastasis by inducing EMT via activation of MAPK-JNK signaling. Clin Cancer Res; 23(18); 5598-610. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Pang
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rongwei Guan
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lin Pang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinlei Li
- Department of Human Anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Su Li
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Liudi Tang
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jialei Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Clinical Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Donglin Sun
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Haiming Sun
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jialin Dai
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Bai
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Guohua Ji
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - An Liu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qiushi Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Clinical Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Sheng Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Songbin Fu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China. .,Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics (Harbin Medical University), Heilongjiang Higher Education Institutions, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China. .,Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics (Harbin Medical University), Heilongjiang Higher Education Institutions, Harbin, China
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Eades G, Wolfson B, Zhang Y, Li Q, Yao Y, Zhou Q. lincRNA-RoR and miR-145 regulate invasion in triple-negative breast cancer via targeting ARF6. Mol Cancer Res 2014; 13:330-8. [PMID: 25253741 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-14-0251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Triple-negative (ER(-), HER2(-), PR(-)) breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive disease with a poor prognosis with no available molecularly targeted therapy. Silencing of microRNA-145 (miR-145) may be a defining marker of TNBC based on molecular profiling and deep sequencing. Therefore, the molecular mechanism behind miR-145 downregulation in TNBC was examined. Overexpression of the long intergenic noncoding RNA regulator of reprogramming, lincRNA-RoR, functions as a competitive endogenous RNA sponge in TNBC. Interestingly, lincRNA-RoR is dramatically upregulated in TNBC and in metastatic disease and knockdown restores miR-145 expression. Previous reports suggest that miR-145 has growth-suppressive activity in some breast cancers; however, these data in TNBC indicate that miR-145 does not affect proliferation or apoptosis but instead, miR-145 regulates tumor cell invasion. Investigation of miR-145-regulated pathways involved in tumor invasion revealed a novel target, the small GTPase ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6). Subsequent analysis demonstrated that ARF6, a known regulator of breast tumor cell invasion, is dramatically upregulated in TNBC and in breast tumor metastasis. Mechanistically, ARF6 regulates E-cadherin localization and affects cell-cell adhesion. These results reveal a lincRNA-RoR/miR-145/ARF6 pathway that regulates invasion in TNBCs. IMPLICATIONS The lincRNA-RoR/miR-145/ARF6 pathway is critical to TNBC metastasis and could serve as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for improving survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Eades
- Greenebaum Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Benjamin Wolfson
- Greenebaum Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Yongshu Zhang
- Greenebaum Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Qinglin Li
- Greenebaum Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Yuan Yao
- Greenebaum Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Qun Zhou
- Greenebaum Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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Kaneko T, Joshi R, Feller SM, Li SS. Phosphotyrosine recognition domains: the typical, the atypical and the versatile. Cell Commun Signal 2012; 10:32. [PMID: 23134684 PMCID: PMC3507883 DOI: 10.1186/1478-811x-10-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
SH2 domains are long known prominent players in the field of phosphotyrosine recognition within signaling protein networks. However, over the years they have been joined by an increasing number of other protein domain families that can, at least with some of their members, also recognise pTyr residues in a sequence-specific context. This superfamily of pTyr recognition modules, which includes substantial fractions of the PTB domains, as well as much smaller, or even single member fractions like the HYB domain, the PKCδ and PKCθ C2 domains and RKIP, represents a fascinating, medically relevant and hence intensely studied part of the cellular signaling architecture of metazoans. Protein tyrosine phosphorylation clearly serves a plethora of functions and pTyr recognition domains are used in a similarly wide range of interaction modes, which encompass, for example, partner protein switching, tandem recognition functionalities and the interaction with catalytically active protein domains. If looked upon closely enough, virtually no pTyr recognition and regulation event is an exact mirror image of another one in the same cell. Thus, the more we learn about the biology and ultrastructural details of pTyr recognition domains, the more does it become apparent that nature cleverly combines and varies a few basic principles to generate a sheer endless number of sophisticated and highly effective recognition/regulation events that are, under normal conditions, elegantly orchestrated in time and space. This knowledge is also valuable when exploring pTyr reader domains as diagnostic tools, drug targets or therapeutic reagents to combat human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Kaneko
- Department of Biochemistry and the Siebens-Drake Medical Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada.
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Hu Z, Du J, Yang L, Zhu Y, Yang Y, Zheng D, Someya A, Gu L, Lu X. GEP100/Arf6 is required for epidermal growth factor-induced ERK/Rac1 signaling and cell migration in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e38777. [PMID: 22701712 PMCID: PMC3372492 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling is implicated in the invasion and metastasis of hepatoma cells. However, the signaling pathways for EGF-induced motility of hepatoma cells remain undefined. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We found that EGF dose-dependently stimulated the migration of human hepatoma cells HepG2, with the maximal effect at 10 ng/mL. Additionally, EGF increased Arf6 activity, and ectopic expression of Arf6 T27N, a dominant negative Arf6 mutant, largely abolish EGF-induced cell migration. Blocking GEP100 with GEP100 siRNA or GEP100-△PH, a pleckstrin homology (PH) domain deletion mutant of GEP100, blocked EGF-induced Arf6 activity and cell migration. EGF also increased ERK and Rac1 activity. Ectopic expression GEP100 siRNA, GEP100-△PH, or Arf6-T27N suppressed EGF-induced ERK and Rac1 activity. Furthermore, blocking ERK signaling with its inhibitor U0126 remarkably inhibited both EGF-induced Rac1 activation as well as cell migration, and ectopic expression of inactive mutant form of Rac1 (Rac1-T17N) also largely abolished EGF-induced cell migration. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Taken together, this study highlights the function of the PH domain of GEP100 and its regulated Arf6/ERK/Rac1 signaling cascade in EGF-induced hepatoma cell migration. These findings could provide a rationale for designing new therapy based on inhibition of hepatoma metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZhenZhen Hu
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Suzhou, China
| | - YiChao Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - DaTong Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Akimasa Someya
- Department of Host Defense and Biochemical Research, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Luo Gu
- Cancer Center, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail: (LG); (XL)
| | - Xiang Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail: (LG); (XL)
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Yu X, Wang F, Liu H, Adams G, Aikhionbare F, Liu D, Cao X, Fan L, Hu G, Chen Y, Frost A, Partridge E, Ding X, Yao X. ACAP4 protein cooperates with Grb2 protein to orchestrate epidermal growth factor-stimulated integrin β1 recycling in cell migration. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:43735-43747. [PMID: 22027826 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.278770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
ARF6 GTPase is an important regulator of membrane trafficking and actin-based cytoskeleton dynamics active at the leading edge of migrating cells. The integrin family heterodimeric transmembrane proteins serve as major receptors for extracellular matrix proteins, which play essential roles in cell adhesion and migration. Our recent proteomic analyses of ARF6 effectors have identified a novel ARF6 GTPase-activating protein, ACAP4, essential for EGF-induced cell migration. However, molecular mechanisms underlying ACAP4-mediated cell migration have remained elusive. Here, we show that ACAP4 regulates integrin β1 dynamics during EGF-stimulated cell migration by interaction with Grb2. Our biochemical study shows that EGF stimulation induces phosphorylation of tyrosine 733, which enables ACAP4 to bind Grb2. This interaction of ACAP4 with Grb2 regulates integrin β1 recycling to the plasma membrane. Importantly, knockdown of ACAP4 by siRNA or overexpression of ACAP4 decreased recycling of integrin β1 to the plasma membrane and reduced integrin-mediated cell migration. Taken together, these results suggest a novel function for ACAP4 in the regulation of cell migration through controlling integrin β1 dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Fengsong Wang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China; Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30310.
| | - Hongsheng Liu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Gregory Adams
- Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30310
| | - Felix Aikhionbare
- Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30310
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Xinwang Cao
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China; School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Libin Fan
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Guohong Hu
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, SIBS-SJTU Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Andra Frost
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Edward Partridge
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama 35294
| | - Xia Ding
- School of Graduate Studies, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xuebiao Yao
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China; Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30310.
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Sabe H, Hashimoto S, Morishige M, Ogawa E, Hashimoto A, Nam JM, Miura K, Yano H, Onodera Y. The EGFR-GEP100-Arf6-AMAP1 signaling pathway specific to breast cancer invasion and metastasis. Traffic 2009; 10:982-93. [PMID: 19416474 PMCID: PMC2721971 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2009.00917.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Tumors are tissue-specific diseases, and their mechanisms of invasion and metastasis are highly diverse. In breast cancer, biomarkers that specifically correlate with the invasive phenotypes have not been clearly identified. A small GTPase Arf6 primarily regulates recycling of plasma membrane components. We have shown that Arf6 and its effector AMAP1 (DDEF1, DEF1, ASAP1 and centaurin β4) are abnormally overexpressed in some breast cancers and used for their invasion and metastasis. Overexpression of these proteins is independent of the transcriptional upregulation of their genes, and occurs only in highly malignant breast cancer cells. We recently identified GEP100 (BRAG2) to be responsible for the Arf6 activation to induce invasion and metastasis, by directly binding to ligand-activated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). A series of our studies revealed that for activation of the invasion pathway of EGFR, it is prerequisite that Arf6 and AMAP1 both are highly overexpressed, and that EGFR is activated by ligands. Pathological analyses indicate that a significant large population of human ductal cancers may utilize the EGFR-GEP100-Arf6-AMAP1 pathway for their malignancy. Microenvironments have been highly implicated in the malignancy of mammary tumors. Our results reveal an aspect of the precise molecular mechanisms of some breast cancers, in which full invasiveness is not acquired just by intracellular alterations of cancer cells, but extracellular factors from microenvironments may also be necessary. Possible translation of our knowledge to cancer therapeutics will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisataka Sabe
- Department of Molecular Biology, Osaka Bioscience Institute, Osaka, Japan.
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