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Liu S, Gao J, Chen Z, Qiao X, Huang H, Cui B, Zhu Q, Dai Z, Wu H, Pan Y, Yang C, Liu J. Comparative proteomics reveals the physiological differences between winter tender shoots and spring tender shoots of a novel tea (Camellia sinensis L.) cultivar evergrowing in winter. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 17:206. [PMID: 29157222 PMCID: PMC5697017 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1144-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A recently discovered tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] cultivar can generate tender shoots in winter. We performed comparative proteomics to analyze the differentially accumulated proteins between winter and spring tender shoots of this clonal cultivar to reveal the physiological basis of its evergrowing character during winter. RESULTS We extracted proteins from the winter and spring tender shoots (newly formed two leaves and a bud) of the evergrowing tea cultivar "Dongcha11" respectively. Thirty-three differentially accumulated high-confidence proteins were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF / TOF MS). Among these, 24 proteins had increased abundance while nine showed were decreased abundance in winter tender shoots as compared with the spring tender shoots. We categorized the differentially accumulated proteins into eight critical biological processes based on protein function annotation including photosynthesis, cell structure, protein synthesis & destination, transporters, metabolism of sugars and polysaccharides, secondary metabolism, disease/defense and proteins with unknown functions. Proteins with increased abundance in winter tender shoots were mainly related to the processes of photosynthesis, cytoskeleton and protein synthesis, whereas those with decreased abundance were correlated to metabolism and the secondary metabolism of polyphenolic flavonoids. Biochemical analysis showed that the total contents of soluble sugar and amino acid were higher in winter tender shoots while tea polyphenols were lower as compared with spring tender shoots. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that the simultaneous increase in the abundance of photosynthesis-related proteins rubisco, plastocyanin, and ATP synthase delta chain, metabolism-related proteins eIF4 and protease subunits, and the cytoskeleton-structure associated proteins phosphatidylinositol transfer protein and profilin may be because of the adaptation of the evergrowing tea cultivar "Dongcha11" to low temperature and light conditions. Histone H4, Histone H2A.1, putative In2.1 protein and protein lin-28 homologs may also regulate the development of winter shoots and their response to adverse conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Liu
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640 China
- Guangdong Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631 China
| | - Jiadong Gao
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640 China
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640 China
| | - Xiaoyan Qiao
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640 China
| | - Hualin Huang
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640 China
| | - Baiyuan Cui
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640 China
| | - Qingfeng Zhu
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640 China
| | - Zhangyan Dai
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640 China
| | - Hualing Wu
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640 China
| | - Yayan Pan
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640 China
| | - Chengwei Yang
- Guangdong Key Lab of Biotechnology for Plant Development, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631 China
| | - Jun Liu
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640 China
- Tea Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640 China
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Abstract
The development of multicellular organisms requires the well balanced and coordinated migration of many cell types. This is of particular importance within the developing nervous system, where glial cells often move long distances to reach their targets. The majority of glial cells in the peripheral nervous system of the Drosophila embryo is derived from the CNS and migrates along motor axons toward their targets. In the developing Drosophila eye, CNS-derived glial cells move outward toward the nascent photoreceptor cells, but the molecular mechanisms coupling the migration of glial cells with the growth of the eye imaginal disc are mostly unknown. Here, we used an enhancer trap approach to identify the gene spinster, which encodes a multipass transmembrane protein involved in endosome-lysosome trafficking, as being expressed in many glial cells. spinster mutants are characterized by glial overmigration. Genetic experiments demonstrate that Spinster modulates the activity of several signaling cascades. Within the migrating perineurial glial cells, Spinster is required to downregulate Dpp (Decapentaplegic) signaling activity, which ceases migratory abilities. In addition, Spinster affects the growth of the carpet cell, which indirectly modulates glial migration.
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